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Test your basic knowledge |
Inventory Management
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Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Items consumes in the normal functioning of a firm that are NOT part of the final product; ex: pencils - light bulbs - drill bits - paper
Supplies inventory
Problems become more complex
Classification of Inventory item
Different departments in a firm
2. 1) stock of material on hand at a given time (tangible assets that can be seen - measured - and counted) 2) utilized assets waiting for sale of use
The categorization of inventory by reasons for its existence
Inventory
Inventory holding costs
Goals of inventory management
3. Sacrificed in exchange for buying needed machines
Sub goals of inventory management
Time Factor
Purchasing discounts
Capital cost
4. Low unit cost - high inventory turnover - consistency of quality - favorable supplier relations - continuity of supply - these goals of inventory management are in many ways in direct conflict
Discontinuity Factor
Sub goals of inventory management
Manufacturers
Type of lead time
5. 1) difficulties in synchronizing supply and demand (supply and demand often differ in the rates at which they provide and require stock) 2) material-related operations take time (goods cannot be produced the instant demand occurs)
Reasons why inventory exists
Type of demand
Inventory risk cost
Major components of inventory carrying cost
6. Customers demand for finished goods
Raw Materials Inventory
Initial phase of inventory flow
Driving force behind the flow
Basic types of inventory
7. Gives firms a competitive advantage due to lower costs and greater flexibility
Less inventory
Functional factors to explain why inventory exists
Psychic stock
Classifying inventory problems
8. Hold only finished goods inventories/supplies - they have inventory problems confined to supplies and finished goods
Raw Materials Inventory
External shortage
Retailers - wholesalers - and distributors
Inventory management
9. The cost associated with the money tied up in inventory and the cost associated with maintaining it in storage - usually expresses as a percentage of items value
Less inventory
Inventory
Inventory carrying cost
Problems become more complex
10. The cost for the item as it is laced in inventory - unit purchase cost (if obtained externally and includes delivery and transportation costs) - unit production cost (if made in house and includes labor - material and overhead costs)
Manufacturers
Onventory management
Functional factors to explain why inventory exists
Purchase costs
11. The cost of issuing a purchase order/placing an order if obtained externally - the cost of setting up production if made in house
Order cost or set up cost
Pipeline stock
Types of inventory
Material costs
12. Often divided up over all departments each with its own agenda: purchasing-raw materials and purchased items - manufacturing-work in progress - marketing-finished goods and distribution - it is usually best to give responsibility for all inventory
Responsibility
Purchase costs
Cost accumulation
Repetiveness
13. Repetiveness - source of supply - type of demand - type of lead time - type of inventory
Inventory
Uncertainty Factors
Supplies inventory
How are inventory problems classified
14. Externally (aka supply line inventory)-orders place but not yet received (orders being processed and orders in transit) - internally-work in progress - reasons for carrying: time/distance - work in process inventory
In-Proccess Goods
Pipeline stock
Classification of Inventory item
Retailers - wholesalers - and distributors
15. Repetiveness - source of supply - type of demand - type of lead time - type of inventory system
Working stock (cycle stock)
Basic types of inventory
Classifying inventory problems
Initial phase of inventory flow
16. If the firm uses a warehouse or distributor centers - there must be additional pools of finished inventory
The categorization of inventory by reasons for its existence
Time Factor
Uncertainty Factors
Additional phases
17. One firms finished goods may be another firms supplies or raw materials
Source of supply
Classification of Inventory item
Capital costs (opportunity costs)
Purchasing discounts
18. Purchase economies - production economies - transportation economies - hedging against increasing materials cost - smooth production and stabilize manpower levels when seasonality is an issue
Inventory carrying cost
Types of inventory costs
Economic Factors
Capital cost
19. Display inventory carried to increase product visibility stimulate demand
Psychic stock
How are inventory problems classified
Initial phase of inventory flow
Problems become more complex
20. It takes time to make a product - but consumers want them on demand
Problems become more complex
Economic Factors
Time Factor
Reasons why inventory exists
21. Fewer department conflicts - less sub optimization - consolidation of activities - single source of accountability
Uncertainty Factors
Material costs
Inventory/materials manager
Benefits of inventory/material manager
22. Working stock - anticipation stock - safety stock - pipeline stock - decoupling stock - psychic stock
The categorization of inventory by the purpose that it serves
Additional phases
In-Proccess Goods
Replenishments
23. Those cost that vary with the amount of inventory in the short run
Storage space
Inventory carrying cost
Stock out costs
Psychic stock
24. A customers order cannot be met - backorder costs - present profit loss - future profit loss
Problems become more complex
Third phase
Onventory management
External shortage
25. Minimum rate of return expected on new investments
Onventory management
Decoupling stock
Economic Factors
Hurdle rate
26. Units put into inventory - can be classified by: size - pattern - lead time (time between order and addition to inventory - constant vs variable)
Purchasing discounts
Hurdle rate
Replenishments
Retailers - wholesalers - and distributors
27. Single order vs repetitive order
Repetiveness
Material costs
Reasons why inventory exists
Inventory management
28. Cost of the facility - material handling (labor and energy) - maintenance cost - and some utility cost
Major components of inventory carrying cost
Storage space costs
Replenishments
Inventory risk cost
29. Inventory held in advance of requirements - reasons for carrying: economies of scale (or batching economies) - price (quantity) discounts - transportation rates - production economies
Inventory service cost
Working stock (cycle stock)
Storage space costs
Purchase costs
30. As items are completed - they enter another pool-finihsed goods - this pool must be controlled with regard to external demand
The categorization of inventory by reasons for its existence
Goals of inventory management
Third phase
Less inventory
31. As you move up in the supply chain...
Problems become more complex
Order cost or set up cost
Inventory risk cost
The categorization of inventory by the purpose that it serves
32. The cost associated with a foregone alternative use of the capital - that is - the benefits that could have been obtained from that alternative - usually the largest component of the inventory carrying cost - usually set to the value of the firms
Discontinuity Factor
Growing companies
Time Factor
Capital costs (opportunity costs)
33. Time factor - discontinuity factor - uncertainty factor - and economic factor
Stock out costs
Classifying inventory problems
The categorization of inventory by reasons for its existence
Reasons why inventory exists
34. Goods are purchased from suppliers and the first pool of inventory investment that need management forms - the quantity and variety of items in the pool should be times to meet the need for their use by the firm
In-Proccess Goods
Initial phase of inventory flow
Demands
How are inventory problems classified
35. The economic consequences of an internal or external shortage - vary greatly between items and customers - very difficult to estimate - most firms avoid messing with this by specifying customer service levels
Source of supply
Stock out costs
Storage space
Replenishments
36. Balance is key - concentration may be on one objective at certain times and on another at other times depending on needs of the firm - company policy should emphasize the need to focus on the total cost to the firm - bad idea to have lots of cash
Cost accumulation
Type of demand
Inventory holding costs
Pipeline stock
37. Allows freedom of operation for members of the supply chain; allows the treatment of various dependent operations (ex: retailing - warehousing - manufacturing - and purchasing) in an independent and economical manor
Pipeline stock
Finished Goods Inventory
Additional phases
Discontinuity Factor
38. Often short on cash because what little they have they devote to growth
Properties of inventory
Growing companies
Type of demand
Major properties of inventory
39. Involves controlling the flow of materials into and out of a system - a big timing problem
Pipeline stock
Inventory management
Second phase
Inventory risk cost
40. Associated insurance cost - associated taxes
Inventory service cost
Second phase
Problems become more complex
Hurdle rate
41. Cost of obsolescence - damage cost - shrinkage (theft) cost
Storage space
Purchasing discounts
Inventory risk cost
Pipeline stock
42. Includes associated insurance cost (ex insurance for fire and theft) and associated taxes ( can vary substantially from location to location - as much as 0% to 20% of value of goods held in inventory)
Sub goals of inventory management
Inventory service cost
Less inventory
Inventory risk cost
43. Have most complex and difficult inventory problems
Manufacturers
The categorization of inventory by the purpose that it serves
Stock out costs
Safety stock (buffer stock)
44. Materials are used by manufacturing and fill a second pool of work in process - this pool must be managed in relation to the capacity of the facility
Second phase
Reasons why inventory exists
Psychic stock
Inventory risk cost
45. Run out of material or supplies - production stopping - deadlines not met
Working stock (cycle stock)
Economic Factors
Internal shortage
Second phase
46. Usually a firm's largest expenditure
Material costs
Inventory holding costs
Less inventory
Major components of inventory carrying cost
47. Constant vs variable - independent vs dependent
Inventory
Initial phase of inventory flow
Type of demand
Manufacturers
48. Limitations placed on inventory systems - ex: space constraints - capital - facility - equipment - personal - management policies and administrative decisions
Inventory risk cost
Major components of inventory carrying cost
Contraints
Capital cost
49. Protection from the unexpected (forecast errors - break downs - strikes - disasters)
Uncertainty Factors
Inventory management
Functional factors to explain why inventory exists
Storage space
50. Often a lot of conflict when it comes to inventory decisions - sub optimization problems (managers only looking out for their own departments)
Safety stock (buffer stock)
Anticipation stock (seasonal stock)
Different departments in a firm
Types of inventory costs