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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. Which RFC defines IPv4?
255.255.255.224
Destination Unreachable
3
RFC 791

2. What is a TCP Acknowledgement Number?
National Internet Registry
1
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination

3. What is the ARP Hardware type value for Ethernet?
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
They are the same byte - but the names and value interpretations are different
1
IANA

4. What are classful routing protocols?

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5. What is the purpose of a socket?
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable
255.255.255.240
Uniquely identify every application in the network
Address Resolution Protocol

6. What are classless routing protocols?
17
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
Redirect
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address

7. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for EIGRP?
All Internet Registries
88
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
Final

8. Configures how long a dynamically learned protocol address and its corresponding hardware address remains in the ARP cache
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
89
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset

9. Who is responsible for maintaining the official assignments of TCP and UDP port numbers for specific uses?
DHCP
4
IANA
Time Exceeded

10. Adds a permanent static ARP entry for an Ethernet host
NIRs
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
They are the same byte - but the names and value interpretations are different
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa

11. Displays the ARP cache of a router
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
Router#show arp
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254

12. What is the formula to calculate the next Sequence Number based on the Sequence Number of the current TCP segment?
Network interface
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
Echo Reply
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1

13. What is ICMP?
Internet Protocol
Internet Control Message Protocol
4
255.255.255.128

14. Who assigns IP address space to its own customers?
IPv4 and IPv6
LIRs
0
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}

15. What is the ARP Protocol address length value for IPv4?
4
1
47
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}

16. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in binary?
20 octets
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
RIRs
Length of header in words (32-bit)

17. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for ICMP?
1
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
Synchronize
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural

18. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for loopback testing?
ECN-Echo
255.255.255.252
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
127.0.0.0/8

19. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for self-identification on a local subnet?
8
IPv4 and IPv6
0.0.0.0/8
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol

20. Deletes dynamic entries from the ARP cache
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
Router#debug arp
192.0.2.0/24

21. What routing protocols are classful?
Internet Protocol
Time Exceeded
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data
RIPv1 and IGRP

22. What is CWR?
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
255.255.255.192
Congestion Window Reduced

23. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the network layer of the OSI model?
Internet Control Message Protocol
1
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
Internet

24. What is the format of an ICMP header?
Don't Fragment
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
ECN-Echo
192.0.2.0/24

25. How does the layers of the TCP/IP protocol suite map to the 7 layers of the OSI model?
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
More Fragments follow
RFC 791
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data

26. What is ICMP Type 8?
IANA
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
Echo
3

27. What is ICANN?
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
Router#show arp
64

28. What is IRDP?
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment

29. What is the ARP Operation value for a Reverse ARP Request?
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
More Fragments follow
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
3

30. What is the ARP Operation value for an ARP Request?
1
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary

31. What mechanism is used by TCP to regulate the flow of segments?
Windowing
255.255.255.224
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address

32. Which RFC defines the private IPv4 address ranges?
Acknowledgement
RFC 1918
20 octets
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

33. What is prefix /28 in decimal notation?
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
255.255.255.240
1

34. What is ECE?
RFC 791
ECN-Echo
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address
1

35. What is SYN?
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
Synchronize
46
Sequence Numbers

36. What are the protocol categories that describe the physical layer?
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Internet Protocol
255.255.255.224
17

37. What is RIR?
Destination Unreachable
Internet Service Provider
Regional Internet Registry
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)

38. What is prefix /26 in decimal notation?
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
255.255.255.192
0.0.0.0/8
Internet Protocol

39. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IP in IP encapsulation?
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
4
Local Internet Registry
Internet Protocol

40. What is the most commonly used Option field in the TCP header?
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
Router(config-if)#no ip redirects
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
Transmission Control Protocol

41. What is ACK?
192.88.99.0/24
255.255.255.240
47
Acknowledgement

42. What is a TCP port number of an application called when it is coupled with the IP address of the server?
Socket
88
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
255.255.255.252

43. What is NIR?
1
255.255.255.192
Echo
National Internet Registry

44. Specifies the format in which subnet masks are displayed in show command output
IANA
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}

45. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for link-local addresses when DHCP fails?
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
IANA
169.254.0.0/16
20 octets

46. What is the format of the DiffServ byte?
255.255.255.224
More Fragments follow
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
Internet Control Message Protocol

47. What is the difference between the ToS and the DiffServ byte?
4
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
They are the same byte - but the names and value interpretations are different
RIRs

48. What is the prerequisite for using the Urgent Pointer field in the TCP header?
4
255.255.255.128
URG flag set
Time Exceeded

49. What is the ARP Hardware address length value for Ethernet?
47
9
Acknowledgement
6

50. Which protocol has mostly replaced Reverse ARP?
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
3
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
DHCP

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IPV4 Addressing

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