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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the steps to subnet an IPv4 address?
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet

2. What is the format of an IPv4 header?
1
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
Time Exceeded
IPv4 and IPv6

3. What is the recommended default TTL?
1
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field
Redirect
64

4. What is ICMP Type 0?
Redirect
192.0.2.0/24
Echo Reply
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254

5. What is the minimum length of an IPv4 header?
8
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
20 octets
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp

6. What is the format of the ToS field?
Minimize Delay (1-bit); Maximise Throughput (1-bit); Maximise Reliability (1-bit); Minimize Monetary Cost (1-bit)
National Internet Registry
Application
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary

7. What are the uses of gratuitous ARP?
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address
Open Systems Interconnection
Time to Live

8. What mechanisms are used by TCP to provide reliable segment delivery?
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
6
255.255.255.224
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address

9. What is the format of an ICMP header?
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
Regional Internet Registry
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates

10. Who administers and registers IP address space and AS numbers within a region?
89
RIRs
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
255.255.255.192

11. What is gratuitous ARP?
RFC 791
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Open Systems Interconnection

12. What is the IPv4 protocol number for UDP?
Method where routers - by responding to ARP requests for IP addresses in different subnets - make themselves available to hosts with no default gateway configured
17
RFC 791
Reset

13. What is ECE?
URG flag set
IANA
ECN-Echo
88

14. What is ICMP Type 10?
Router Selection
Synchronize
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
All Internet Registries

15. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for TCP?
60 octets
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
4
6

16. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the session - presentation and application layers of the OSI model?
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
Application
RFC 3330
1

17. What is a TCP port number of an application called when it is coupled with the IP address of the server?
Length of header in words (32-bit)
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
Socket
They are the same byte - but the names and value interpretations are different

18. What are the IP Precedence values?
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
169.254.0.0/16

19. What is proxy ARP?
Per-Hop Behaviour (PHB)
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
Regional Internet Registry
Method where routers - by responding to ARP requests for IP addresses in different subnets - make themselves available to hosts with no default gateway configured

20. What is the ARP Operation value for an Inverse ARP Request?
Regional Internet Registry
Push
8
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}

21. What is the ARP Hardware address length value for Ethernet?
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address
6
169.254.0.0/16
127.0.0.0/8

22. What is the IPv4 Protocol number of RSVP?
2
89
46
255.255.255.224

23. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IP in IP encapsulation?
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
Push
4

24. What is the DF-bit in the IPv4 header?

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25. What is RST?
4
Sequence Number
Reset
Each router decrements the TTL

26. Who allocates IP address space and AS numbers to RIRs?
Destination Unreachable
Uniquely identify every application in the network
IANA
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

27. What is a TCP Acknowledgement Number?
0
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination

28. What is ICMP Type 5?
89
20 octets
Redirect
Socket

29. What is the format of the ToS byte in the IPv4 header?
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
National Internet Registry

30. What is the TTL field in the IPv4 header?
Don't Fragment
Time to Live
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
Host-to-host

31. What are the protocol categories that describe the physical layer?
Urgent
255.255.255.240
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural

32. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for benchmark testing of Internet devices (RFC 2544)?
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
198.18.0.0/15
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)

33. What is the format of the DiffServ byte?
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
46
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

34. What is ICMP Type 9?
Router Advertisement
Redirect
Push
Data Offset

35. Configures how long a dynamically learned protocol address and its corresponding hardware address remains in the ARP cache
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
All Internet Registries
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control

36. What is the maximum length of an IPv4 header?
60 octets
Redirect
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural

37. What is ACK?
Acknowledgement
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
RFC 3330
1

38. What field identifies where the TCP encapsulated data fits within the data stream from the sender?
Sequence Number
RIPv1 and IGRP
4
IANA

39. What is the format of a UDP header?
LIRs
Data Offset
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address

40. What is added after the Option field in the TCP header?
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
46
Router Advertisement
64

41. What is the prerequisite for using the Urgent Pointer field in the TCP header?
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
URG flag set
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);

42. What is the ARP Operation value for an ARP Reply?
Each router decrements the TTL
2
RFC 791
Redirect

43. What is URG?
Network interface
Urgent
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
192.0.2.0/24

44. What IPv4 header fields are used for fragmentation?
Router Advertisement
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
RFC 3330

45. What is covered by the TCP Checksum field?
255.255.255.248
Router(config-if)#no ip redirects
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data
All Internet Registries

46. Who administers and registers public IP address space and AS numbers within a country or economic unit?
NIRs
Router#debug arp
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
47

47. What is the format of a TCP header?
RIPv1 and IGRP
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
Router Selection
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254

48. What is prefix /30 in decimal notation?
4
RFC 791
6
255.255.255.252

49. What is TCP?
Transmission Control Protocol
Don't Fragment
9
All Internet Registries

50. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in binary?
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
Uniquely identify every application in the network
Application