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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the ARP Protocol type value for IPv4?
Transmission Control Protocol
0x0800
60 octets
0.0.0.0/8

2. What are classful routing protocols?

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3. What is prefix /30 in decimal notation?
17
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field
47
255.255.255.252

4. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for OSPF?
Echo Reply
89
Uniquely identify every application in the network
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)

5. What are classless routing protocols?
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
2
60 octets
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)

6. What is the format of an ICMP header?
Sequence Number
255.255.255.192
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
RFC 791

7. Configures how long a dynamically learned protocol address and its corresponding hardware address remains in the ARP cache
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
RIRs
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}

8. Who allocates IP address space and AS numbers to RIRs?
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
IANA
Router(config-if)#no ip redirects
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp

9. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the transport layer of the OSI model?
60 octets
URG flag set
Router Advertisement
Host-to-host

10. What is a TCP Acknowledgement Number?
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
RFC 3330
1
IANA

11. What is a TCP port number of an application called when it is coupled with the IP address of the server?
169.254.0.0/16
IANA
Socket
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)

12. What is the format of the ToS field?
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Minimize Delay (1-bit); Maximise Throughput (1-bit); Maximise Reliability (1-bit); Minimize Monetary Cost (1-bit)
Acknowledgement
Internet

13. What is the format of the Flags field in the IPv4 header?
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)
Network interface
255.255.255.248
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

14. What is the maximum length of an IPv4 header?
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
3
60 octets
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data

15. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for link-local addresses when DHCP fails?
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Open Systems Interconnection
169.254.0.0/16
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}

16. What routing protocols are classful?
RIPv1 and IGRP
National Internet Registry
4
Open Systems Interconnection

17. What is prefix /25 in decimal notation?
255.255.255.128
Windowing
LIRs
8

18. Who owns the processes by which public IP address space and AS numbers are allocated and assigned?
ICANN
Reset
RFC 1918
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural

19. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for TCP?
192.0.2.0/24
6
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts

20. What is proxy ARP?
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
4
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
Method where routers - by responding to ARP requests for IP addresses in different subnets - make themselves available to hosts with no default gateway configured

21. What is added after the Option field in the TCP header?
4
Network interface
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
127.0.0.0/8

22. What is the content of the Maximum Segment Size (MSS) in the Option field of the TCP header?
ICANN
IPv4 and IPv6
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
6

23. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IGMP?
Method where routers - by responding to ARP requests for IP addresses in different subnets - make themselves available to hosts with no default gateway configured
Internet Control Message Protocol
4
2

24. What is gratuitous ARP?
ICANN and IANA
IPv4 and IPv6
RIRs
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address

25. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for loopback testing?
9
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
127.0.0.0/8

26. What is ICMP Type 8?
Router Advertisement
89
Echo
127.0.0.0/8

27. What is ICMP Type 3?
Don't Fragment
9
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Destination Unreachable

28. What is the purpose of a socket?
Internet Protocol
IANA
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)
Uniquely identify every application in the network

29. What is FIN?
Uniquely identify every application in the network
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
Final
National Internet Registry

30. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in decimal?
RFC 791
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
2
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254

31. What is CWR?
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
89
127.0.0.0/8
Congestion Window Reduced

32. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in binary?
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
Network interface
More Fragments follow
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111

33. What is the format of an ARP packet?
4
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address
RIRs

34. What is the ARP Protocol address length value for IPv4?
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
127.0.0.0/8
4
Network interface

35. What is IP?
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
Redirect
Internet Protocol
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers

36. What is prefix /26 in decimal notation?
255.255.255.192
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
Per-Hop Behaviour (PHB)
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)

37. What is the format of a TCP header?
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
255.255.255.252
192.0.2.0/24
IPv4 and IPv6

38. Who assigns IP address space to its own customers?
IANA
NIRs
LIRs
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)

39. What is the prerequisite for using the Urgent Pointer field in the TCP header?
Redirect
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
Minimize Delay (1-bit); Maximise Throughput (1-bit); Maximise Reliability (1-bit); Minimize Monetary Cost (1-bit)
URG flag set

40. How does the layers of the TCP/IP protocol suite map to the 7 layers of the OSI model?
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
DHCP
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
192.88.99.0/24

41. Why must the header checksum of an IPv4 packet be recalculated at every router?
Each router decrements the TTL
Local Internet Registry
46
RIRs

42. What is the format of a UDP header?
1
Push
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)

43. Specifies the format in which subnet masks are displayed in show command output
4
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
Echo Reply
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}

44. What is the ARP Operation value for a Reverse ARP Reply?
169.254.0.0/16
88
4
Router Advertisement

45. What are the most frequently used options in the IPv4 header?
169.254.0.0/16
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
4
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination

46. Who group public IPv4 address space by major geographic region?
Congestion Window Reduced
Destination Unreachable
ICANN and IANA
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination

47. What is PSH?
Each router decrements the TTL
Push
Router Selection
Address Resolution Protocol

48. What are the protocol categories that describe the physical layer?
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Urgent
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1

49. What is URG?
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
Urgent
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Internet Protocol

50. What is OSI?
Time Exceeded
Open Systems Interconnection
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
RIPv1 and IGRP