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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Enables debugging output for ARP transactions
127.0.0.0/8
Router#debug arp
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
88

2. What is a TCP port number of an application called when it is coupled with the IP address of the server?
RFC 3330
255.255.255.224
Socket
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address

3. What is prefix /25 in decimal notation?
255.255.255.128
Internet Protocol
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination

4. What is Inverse ARP?

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5. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in decimal?
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
Length of header in words (32-bit)

6. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for benchmark testing of Internet devices (RFC 2544)?
0
198.18.0.0/15
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding

7. What is ACK?
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement
ICANN
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data

8. What is the minimum length of an IPv4 header?
20 octets
Local Internet Registry
2
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept

9. What is added after the Option field in the TCP header?
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Router Advertisement
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Sequence Number

10. What is the value of the TCP Reserved field?
60 octets
0
Acknowledgement
4

11. What is the ARP Operation value for an ARP Reply?
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)
2
Application
255.255.255.192

12. What is the content of the the Urgent Pointer field in the TCP header?
1
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable
Destination Unreachable

13. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in binary?
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
4
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address

14. What is the format of an ICMP header?
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
Internet Control Message Protocol
47
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)

15. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the physical and data link layers of the OSI model?
Internet Control Message Protocol
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
LIRs
Network interface

16. What is the ARP Hardware address length value for Ethernet?
6
NIRs
17
National Internet Registry

17. What are the most frequently used options in the IPv4 header?
198.18.0.0/15
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
Router Selection
0.0.0.0/8

18. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IGMP?
LIRs
2
RIRs
ICANN

19. What routing protocols are classful?
192.0.2.0/24
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet
National Internet Registry
RIPv1 and IGRP

20. What is ICMP Type 10?
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field
Router Selection
255.255.255.240

21. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for GRE?
47
169.254.0.0/16
All Internet Registries
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field

22. Which protocol has mostly replaced Reverse ARP?
Router Selection
3
8
DHCP

23. What mechanism is used by TCP to provided ordered segment delivery?
Redirect
Sequence Numbers
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
Synchronize

24. What is the ARP Hardware type value for Ethernet?
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
RIPv1 and IGRP
1
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

25. What is the most commonly used Option field in the TCP header?
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
Router Selection
255.255.255.248
Sequence Numbers

26. What is the recommended default TTL?
89
Router#show arp
64
IANA

27. What is the TTL field in the IPv4 header?
89
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
Time to Live
ICANN

28. What is ICMP Type 5?
Redirect
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address
Uniquely identify every application in the network

29. What is FIN?
ECN-Echo
Congestion Window Reduced
Reset
Final

30. What is the ARP Operation value for an Inverse ARP Reply?
ICANN
9
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates

31. What is the function of ICMP redirect messages?
47
RIRs
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
Method where routers - by responding to ARP requests for IP addresses in different subnets - make themselves available to hosts with no default gateway configured

32. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for use in documentation and example code?
46
192.0.2.0/24
RFC 1918
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

33. Who administers and registers IP address space and AS numbers within a region?
255.255.255.252
RIRs
8
ICANN and IANA

34. What are the protocol categories that describe the physical layer?
RIRs
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
National Internet Registry
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address

35. What are the IP Precedence values?
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
1
RIRs

36. What is LIR?
RIRs
Don't Fragment
60 octets
Local Internet Registry

37. What is the DF-bit in the IPv4 header?

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38. Disables proxy ARP on an interface
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
89
255.255.255.248
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

39. What is ISP?
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
More Fragments follow
Internet Service Provider
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields

40. What is prefix /26 in decimal notation?
2
255.255.255.192
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
1

41. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for ICMP?
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
1
0
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields

42. Adds a permanent static ARP entry for an Ethernet host
6
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
1
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa

43. What is the format of the DiffServ byte?
169.254.0.0/16
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
6
URG flag set

44. What is the name of the queuing and forwarding of IP packets based on DiffServ?
Per-Hop Behaviour (PHB)
88
Router Selection
Socket

45. What is prefix /28 in decimal notation?
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
8
255.255.255.240
Router Advertisement

46. What is the format of an IPv4 header?
Sequence Numbers
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
255.255.255.224

47. What is covered by the TCP Checksum field?
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data
17
Redirect
169.254.0.0/16

48. What is prefix /29 in decimal notation?
IANA
255.255.255.248
Each router decrements the TTL
Final

49. What is NIR?
National Internet Registry
Method where routers - by responding to ARP requests for IP addresses in different subnets - make themselves available to hosts with no default gateway configured
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment

50. Which RFC defines the private IPv4 address ranges?
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
64
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
RFC 1918