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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the IPv4 Protocol number of RSVP?
255.255.255.224
Data Offset
46
Local Internet Registry

2. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for link-local addresses when DHCP fails?
169.254.0.0/16
Router#show arp
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
RFC 1918

3. What is ICMP?
Socket
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Internet Control Message Protocol

4. What is the IPv4 protocol number for UDP?
17
8
Time Exceeded
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16

5. What is added after the Option field in the TCP header?
Destination Unreachable
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Windowing
20 octets

6. Who assigns IP address space to its own customers?
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
LIRs
Sequence Numbers
Router#show arp

7. What is IP?
Internet Protocol
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet

8. What is TCP?
Transmission Control Protocol
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
Internet Protocol
9

9. What is the function of ICMP redirect messages?
4
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary

10. What is RIR?
Redirect
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable
Regional Internet Registry
198.18.0.0/15

11. What is the ARP Operation value for an ARP Request?
0.0.0.0/8
1
Windowing
ICANN

12. What is FIN?
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
Final
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable

13. What is proxy ARP?
Method where routers - by responding to ARP requests for IP addresses in different subnets - make themselves available to hosts with no default gateway configured
46
IANA
4

14. What are the steps to subnet an IPv4 address?
They are the same byte - but the names and value interpretations are different
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet

15. What is the format of a TCP header?
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
255.255.255.128
Address Resolution Protocol
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement

16. What field identifies where the TCP encapsulated data fits within the data stream from the sender?
4
IPv4 and IPv6
198.18.0.0/15
Sequence Number

17. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for self-identification on a local subnet?
0.0.0.0/8
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
Socket

18. What is OSI?
Open Systems Interconnection
2
RIPv1 and IGRP
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions

19. What is the format of the ToS field?
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Minimize Delay (1-bit); Maximise Throughput (1-bit); Maximise Reliability (1-bit); Minimize Monetary Cost (1-bit)
169.254.0.0/16

20. What is IANA?
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
ICANN and IANA
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application

21. What IPv4 header fields are used for fragmentation?
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
Transmission Control Protocol
2
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control

22. Who allocates public IP address ranges to NIRs or LIRs?
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
RIRs
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
4

23. What is the format of an IPv4 header?
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
Router(config-if)#no ip redirects
RIPv1 and IGRP
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates

24. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IP in IP encapsulation?
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Transmission Control Protocol
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
4

25. What is LIR?
Open Systems Interconnection
88
Local Internet Registry
Uniquely identify every application in the network

26. What are the IP Precedence values?
Router Advertisement
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
255.255.255.252
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control

27. What are classless routing protocols?
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
255.255.255.224
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates

28. What is Inverse ARP?

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29. What is the difference between the ToS and the DiffServ byte?
Network interface
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
They are the same byte - but the names and value interpretations are different
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254

30. What is the ARP Operation value for an Inverse ARP Reply?
Router#show arp
88
9
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);

31. What is the other name for the TCP Header Length field?
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
Echo Reply
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
Data Offset

32. What is ISP?
URG flag set
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
National Internet Registry
Internet Service Provider

33. What is the format of the ToS byte in the IPv4 header?
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
ICANN
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]

34. What are the protocol categories that describe the physical layer?
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Host-to-host
255.255.255.252
255.255.255.192

35. What is ICMP Type 11?
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
Synchronize
Time Exceeded

36. What is prefix /29 in decimal notation?
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates
2
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
255.255.255.248

37. What is covered by the TCP Checksum field?
255.255.255.224
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
National Internet Registry
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data

38. What is CWR?
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
Congestion Window Reduced
6
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

39. What is a TCP port number of an application called when it is coupled with the IP address of the server?
0
Socket
Time to Live
Transmission Control Protocol

40. What is ARP?
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
National Internet Registry
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
Address Resolution Protocol

41. What are the most frequently used options in the IPv4 header?
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
192.0.2.0/24
Time Exceeded

42. What is the format of an ARP packet?
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)
1
Time to Live
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address

43. What is the formula to calculate the next Sequence Number based on the Sequence Number of the current TCP segment?
1
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
Network interface
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application

44. What is prefix /25 in decimal notation?
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
255.255.255.128
Internet
0.0.0.0/8

45. What routing protocols are classful?
RIPv1 and IGRP
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers

46. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the transport layer of the OSI model?
Time Exceeded
198.18.0.0/15
47
Host-to-host

47. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IGMP?
Internet Control Message Protocol
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
2

48. What is gratuitous ARP?
Synchronize
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Router#show arp
ICANN

49. What is the content of the the Urgent Pointer field in the TCP header?
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Data Offset

50. What is the minimum length of an IPv4 header?
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
20 octets
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp