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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the ARP Operation value for a Reverse ARP Request?
47
255.255.255.192
3
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment

2. Who can assign IP address space to end user organizations?
0x0800
All Internet Registries
64
0

3. What is IRDP?
IPv4 and IPv6
Network interface
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers

4. What field identifies where the TCP encapsulated data fits within the data stream from the sender?
4
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
Sequence Number
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data

5. Which RFC defines IPv4?
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
RFC 791
Router Advertisement
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers

6. What is the recommended default TTL?
64
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address
DHCP
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)

7. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for benchmark testing of Internet devices (RFC 2544)?
198.18.0.0/15
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)
2
88

8. Disables proxy ARP on all interfaces
1
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable

9. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for self-identification on a local subnet?
RFC 791
255.255.255.248
0.0.0.0/8
RIRs

10. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the transport layer of the OSI model?
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates
169.254.0.0/16
Host-to-host
Don't Fragment

11. What is ECE?
Internet Protocol
Data Offset
Echo
ECN-Echo

12. What are the uses of gratuitous ARP?
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Synchronize
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)

13. What is ICANN?
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
6
Echo Reply
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}

14. Deletes dynamic entries from the ARP cache
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
LIRs

15. What is the prerequisite for using the Urgent Pointer field in the TCP header?
URG flag set
Host-to-host
Each router decrements the TTL
60 octets

16. Which protocol has mostly replaced Reverse ARP?
Acknowledgement
DHCP
89
88

17. What is the format of the ToS byte in the IPv4 header?
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
RFC 1918
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp

18. Who allocates public IP address ranges to NIRs or LIRs?
RIRs
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Windowing
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)

19. What is the content of the TCP Window Size field?
4
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
255.255.255.248

20. What are the private IPv4 address ranges?
47
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
IANA
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16

21. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the network layer of the OSI model?
Internet
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
1
Each router decrements the TTL

22. What are classful routing protocols?

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23. What is Inverse ARP?

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24. What is the format of the DiffServ byte?
Socket
LIRs
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

25. What is prefix /30 in decimal notation?
Synchronize
RIPv1 and IGRP
Windowing
255.255.255.252

26. What is the format of the Flags field in the TCP header?
Internet Service Provider
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
Method where routers - by responding to ARP requests for IP addresses in different subnets - make themselves available to hosts with no default gateway configured
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)

27. Enables debugging output for ARP transactions
Router#debug arp
255.255.255.248
60 octets
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields

28. What is the value of the TCP Reserved field?
Destination Unreachable
0
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
Socket

29. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in decimal?
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
0
Router#show arp
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254

30. What is the ARP Protocol type value for IPv4?
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
60 octets
0x0800

31. Configures how long a dynamically learned protocol address and its corresponding hardware address remains in the ARP cache
Time to Live
4
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}

32. What is a TCP Acknowledgement Number?
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
Router Selection
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination

33. Who assigns IP address space to its own customers?
LIRs
60 octets
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
IANA

34. What is the function of ICMP redirect messages?
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable
Router#debug arp
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination

35. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for ICMP?
1
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
192.88.99.0/24
Synchronize

36. What are classless routing protocols?
Sequence Number
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
255.255.255.240

37. What is PSH?
ICANN
Push
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Redirect

38. Disables the sending of ICMP redirect messages
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
Router(config-if)#no ip redirects
6

39. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IGMP?
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
2
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
Regional Internet Registry

40. What is prefix /28 in decimal notation?
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
ICANN and IANA
255.255.255.240
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)

41. What is covered by the TCP Checksum field?
Congestion Window Reduced
1
60 octets
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data

42. What is the format of an ICMP header?
RFC 3330
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
IANA
Router Selection

43. What is ICMP Type 5?
8
Redirect
IANA
Application

44. What is the format of the ToS field?
Sequence Number
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Minimize Delay (1-bit); Maximise Throughput (1-bit); Maximise Reliability (1-bit); Minimize Monetary Cost (1-bit)
20 octets

45. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for TCP?
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
169.254.0.0/16
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
6

46. What is the minimum length of an IPv4 header?
20 octets
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
Don't Fragment

47. What mechanisms are used by TCP to provide reliable segment delivery?
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
Echo
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address

48. What is CWR?
Congestion Window Reduced
0
2
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary

49. What are the most frequently used options in the IPv4 header?
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
169.254.0.0/16
Address Resolution Protocol

50. What is the ARP Operation value for an ARP Reply?
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
2
60 octets
192.0.2.0/24