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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for OSPF?
Transmission Control Protocol
89
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field

2. What is the content of the Maximum Segment Size (MSS) in the Option field of the TCP header?
RFC 3330
More Fragments follow
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
Regional Internet Registry

3. Who group public IPv4 address space by major geographic region?
ICANN and IANA
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application

4. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for loopback testing?
2
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates
127.0.0.0/8

5. What are classless routing protocols?
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
IANA
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates

6. What is the ARP Operation value for a Reverse ARP Reply?
Router Selection
89
4
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application

7. What is ICANN?
255.255.255.252
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
Push
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet

8. What is IP?
Internet Protocol
Open Systems Interconnection
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet

9. What is CWR?
Congestion Window Reduced
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}

10. What is the format of an ICMP header?
8
3
IANA
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields

11. What is added after the Option field in the TCP header?
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)

12. What is URG?
Application
Urgent
Windowing
47

13. What is ISP?
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
Internet Service Provider
ECN-Echo

14. What is gratuitous ARP?
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
Sequence Numbers
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Host-to-host

15. What is the format of the DiffServ byte?
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
Sequence Numbers
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
Congestion Window Reduced

16. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IP in IP encapsulation?
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
4
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]

17. What is IANA?
Router Selection
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
192.88.99.0/24
Open Systems Interconnection

18. What is IRDP?
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
64
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
Regional Internet Registry

19. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the physical and data link layers of the OSI model?
LIRs
Network interface
Uniquely identify every application in the network
255.255.255.192

20. What routing protocols are classful?
They are the same byte - but the names and value interpretations are different
9
Router Selection
RIPv1 and IGRP

21. What is prefix /28 in decimal notation?
1
20 octets
255.255.255.240
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset

22. What is the ARP Hardware type value for Ethernet?
ECN-Echo
1
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111

23. What are the protocol categories that describe the physical layer?
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
1
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
ICANN and IANA

24. What is prefix /26 in decimal notation?
255.255.255.192
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
RFC 1918
Final

25. What is ICMP?
Length of header in words (32-bit)
Internet Control Message Protocol
Uniquely identify every application in the network
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address

26. What is ICMP Type 11?
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Time Exceeded
Regional Internet Registry
All Internet Registries

27. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the network layer of the OSI model?
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Internet
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
Router#show arp

28. What is covered by the TCP Checksum field?
1
National Internet Registry
Regional Internet Registry
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data

29. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in decimal?
Echo
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
3
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1

30. What is ECE?
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet
ECN-Echo
More Fragments follow

31. Why must the header checksum of an IPv4 packet be recalculated at every router?
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
Each router decrements the TTL
4

32. What is the format of an IPv4 header?
Urgent
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
ICANN and IANA
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address

33. Who assigns IP address space to its own customers?
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
Time Exceeded
LIRs
Echo Reply

34. What is the recommended default TTL?
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
IANA
64

35. What is the ARP Operation value for an ARP Request?
255.255.255.252
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
IANA
1

36. What is a TCP port number of an application called when it is coupled with the IP address of the server?
4
RFC 791
Socket
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment

37. What are classful routing protocols?

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38. What is the TTL field in the IPv4 header?
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
RFC 3330
Time to Live

39. What is the DF-bit in the IPv4 header?

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40. What is Inverse ARP?

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41. Who allocates IP address space and AS numbers to RIRs?
IANA
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
More Fragments follow
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)

42. What are the private IPv4 address ranges?
ICANN and IANA
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1

43. Adds a permanent static ARP entry for an Ethernet host
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
0x0800
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination

44. What is the maximum length of an IPv4 header?
ECN-Echo
60 octets
17
255.255.255.192

45. What is prefix /27 in decimal notation?
Echo Reply
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
Urgent
255.255.255.224

46. What is the function of ICMP router advertisement and router selection messages?
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
255.255.255.240
Application
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment

47. Configures how long a dynamically learned protocol address and its corresponding hardware address remains in the ARP cache
RFC 3330
Host-to-host
169.254.0.0/16
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}

48. What is SYN?
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)
Address Resolution Protocol
Synchronize
127.0.0.0/8

49. Specifies the format in which subnet masks are displayed in show command output
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
ICANN
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers

50. What is the ARP Hardware address length value for Ethernet?
6
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
1

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IPV4 Addressing

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