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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. Who assigns IP address space to its own customers?
255.255.255.240
192.0.2.0/24
LIRs
ECN-Echo

2. What is the TTL field in the IPv4 header?
3
More Fragments follow
Application
Time to Live

3. What is NIR?
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
Congestion Window Reduced
8
National Internet Registry

4. What is the format of the TCP Header Length field?
Length of header in words (32-bit)
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
4
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)

5. What is the name of the queuing and forwarding of IP packets based on DiffServ?
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
ICANN and IANA
Per-Hop Behaviour (PHB)
Internet

6. What is covered by the TCP Checksum field?
DHCP
Network interface
Local Internet Registry
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data

7. What is ICMP Type 5?
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Redirect
60 octets

8. What is the format of the Flags field in the IPv4 header?
192.0.2.0/24
Length of header in words (32-bit)
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)

9. What are the IP Precedence values?
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
Network interface
Transmission Control Protocol

10. What is the other name for the TCP Header Length field?
Echo Reply
RIPv1 and IGRP
Data Offset
0

11. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IGMP?
2
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
Data Offset
Internet Protocol

12. What is OSI?
Open Systems Interconnection
Socket
Router#show arp
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address

13. What is the format of a UDP header?
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Acknowledgement
46
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)

14. Which RFC defines IPv4?
4
Socket
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address
RFC 791

15. Who can assign IP address space to end user organizations?
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
All Internet Registries
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
Congestion Window Reduced

16. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in binary?
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
Windowing

17. What is the recommended default TTL?
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
64
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address
88

18. What is IP?
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Router Selection
255.255.255.224
Internet Protocol

19. What field identifies where the TCP encapsulated data fits within the data stream from the sender?
8
Internet Control Message Protocol
255.255.255.128
Sequence Number

20. What is the format of an ICMP header?
1
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields

21. What mechanism is used by TCP to provided ordered segment delivery?
ICANN
255.255.255.192
Sequence Numbers
192.0.2.0/24

22. What is the function of ICMP redirect messages?
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
2
192.88.99.0/24

23. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the transport layer of the OSI model?
Host-to-host
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);

24. Who is responsible for the global coordination of the DNS Root - IP addressing - and other Internet protocol resources?
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
IANA
ECN-Echo

25. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for EIGRP?
2
88
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address

26. Specifies the format in which subnet masks are displayed in show command output
Router(config-if)#no ip redirects
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control

27. What are the steps to subnet an IPv4 address?
0
Don't Fragment
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)

28. Which protocol has mostly replaced Reverse ARP?
All Internet Registries
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
DHCP
2

29. What is the format of a TCP header?
Router#debug arp
0.0.0.0/8
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
Destination Unreachable

30. What routing protocols are classful?
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
RIPv1 and IGRP
127.0.0.0/8
Acknowledgement

31. How can the receiver determine the size of a packet's data payload based on the IPv4 header?
National Internet Registry
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field
Host-to-host

32. What is prefix /27 in decimal notation?
255.255.255.224
Urgent
Redirect
Congestion Window Reduced

33. What is CWR?
IANA
RFC 3330
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
Congestion Window Reduced

34. What is the format of the ToS byte in the IPv4 header?
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
255.255.255.128
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers

35. What is the ARP Hardware address length value for Ethernet?
RFC 3330
255.255.255.248
Time Exceeded
6

36. What is FIN?
IANA
198.18.0.0/15
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Final

37. Who group public IPv4 address space by major geographic region?
RFC 1918
NIRs
Time Exceeded
ICANN and IANA

38. What is the ARP Operation value for a Reverse ARP Request?
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
3
Echo

39. Enables debugging output for ARP transactions
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
Router#debug arp
Time Exceeded
Host-to-host

40. What is IRDP?
1
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address

41. Adds a permanent static ARP entry for an Ethernet host
Internet
Local Internet Registry
Per-Hop Behaviour (PHB)
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa

42. What is URG?
IANA
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
Urgent
Windowing

43. What is the the MF-bit in the IPv4 header?
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Sequence Number
More Fragments follow
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding

44. Who are LIRs?
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
1
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

45. What is ICMP Type 8?
Sequence Number
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)
Destination Unreachable
Echo

46. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for IPv6 to IPv4 (6to4) relays (RFC 3068)?
192.88.99.0/24
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
ICANN and IANA
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers

47. What is ICMP Type 9?
Local Internet Registry
0
Uniquely identify every application in the network
Router Advertisement

48. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for self-identification on a local subnet?
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
Windowing
0.0.0.0/8
Each router decrements the TTL

49. What is the maximum length of an IPv4 header?
6
60 octets
20 octets
Internet Control Message Protocol

50. What is the formula to calculate the next Sequence Number based on the Sequence Number of the current TCP segment?
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
169.254.0.0/16
Host-to-host
Internet Protocol

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IPV4 Addressing

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