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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Who group public IPv4 address space by major geographic region?
ICANN and IANA
6
1
8

2. What is the format of a UDP header?
64
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
Echo Reply
255.255.255.248

3. Which RFC defines the special use IPv4 address ranges?
Host-to-host
Minimize Delay (1-bit); Maximise Throughput (1-bit); Maximise Reliability (1-bit); Minimize Monetary Cost (1-bit)
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
RFC 3330

4. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for benchmark testing of Internet devices (RFC 2544)?
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
255.255.255.128
198.18.0.0/15

5. What mechanism is used by TCP to provided ordered segment delivery?
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
Router#debug arp
6
Sequence Numbers

6. What is added after the option field in the IPv4 header?
Time Exceeded
RIPv1 and IGRP
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Internet

7. What is the format of the Flags field in the TCP header?
RIRs
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
Acknowledgement

8. What is the Fragment Offset field in the IPv4 header?
60 octets
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
RFC 1918
URG flag set

9. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for IPv6 to IPv4 (6to4) relays (RFC 3068)?
6
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
Final
192.88.99.0/24

10. What is the format of an IPv4 header?
9
IANA
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
Router(config-if)#no ip redirects

11. What are the uses of gratuitous ARP?
Urgent
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
Transmission Control Protocol

12. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for IGMP?
2
169.254.0.0/16
255.255.255.128
Urgent

13. Which RFC defines the private IPv4 address ranges?
Method where routers - by responding to ARP requests for IP addresses in different subnets - make themselves available to hosts with no default gateway configured
RIRs
17
RFC 1918

14. What is the ARP Operation value for an Inverse ARP Reply?
Each router decrements the TTL
9
More Fragments follow
198.18.0.0/15

15. Adds a permanent static ARP entry for an Ethernet host
255.255.255.252
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
0.0.0.0/8

16. What is LIR?
255.255.255.248
Echo
Local Internet Registry
IANA

17. What is IP?
Host-to-host
Don't Fragment
Internet Protocol
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp

18. What is ICMP Type 5?
Socket
3
Transmission Control Protocol
Redirect

19. What is the purpose of a socket?
Uniquely identify every application in the network
3
Echo
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address

20. What is ISP?
Internet Control Message Protocol
Internet Protocol
National Internet Registry
Internet Service Provider

21. What is prefix /25 in decimal notation?
255.255.255.128
Application
1
ICANN

22. Disables the sending of ICMP redirect messages
Router(config-if)#no ip redirects
60 octets
255.255.255.248
3

23. Displays the ARP cache of a router
Router#show arp
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
Echo Reply

24. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in decimal?
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
Address Resolution Protocol
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)

25. What is IRDP?
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Data Offset

26. What is the content of the TCP Window Size field?
Internet
ICANN and IANA
17
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement

27. What is IANA?
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
89
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol

28. What is gratuitous ARP?
ICANN
Synchronize
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
20 octets

29. What is the ARP Protocol type value for IPv4?
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
Time to Live
0x0800
2

30. What IPv4 header fields are used for fragmentation?
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
Host-to-host
198.18.0.0/15
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement

31. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for GRE?
Windowing
47
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
Internet Service Provider

32. What is ARP?
Time Exceeded
Address Resolution Protocol
6
Local Internet Registry

33. What is the format of the DiffServ byte?
Router#show arp
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
Uniquely identify every application in the network

34. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in binary?
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Class A 0; Class B 10; Class C 110; Class D 1110; Class E 1111
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
NIRs

35. Who can assign IP address space to end user organizations?
Minimize Delay (1-bit); Maximise Throughput (1-bit); Maximise Reliability (1-bit); Minimize Monetary Cost (1-bit)
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
All Internet Registries
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

36. Which RFC defines IPv4?
RFC 791
20 octets
Length of header in words (32-bit)
Data Offset

37. What is the format of a TCP header?
Application
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
DHCP
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates

38. Which protocol has mostly replaced Reverse ARP?
89
Router#show arp
Per-Hop Behaviour (PHB)
DHCP

39. What are the most common IP version numbers?
4
IPv4 and IPv6
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary

40. What field identifies where the TCP encapsulated data fits within the data stream from the sender?
47
LIRs
Sequence Number
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural

41. What are the most frequently used options in the IPv4 header?
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Internet Control Message Protocol
88

42. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for EIGRP?
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
88
0x0800

43. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for self-identification on a local subnet?
ECN-Echo
Local Internet Registry
0.0.0.0/8
Acknowledgement

44. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for link-local addresses when DHCP fails?
169.254.0.0/16
Router Advertisement
46
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept

45. What is the TTL field in the IPv4 header?
Each router decrements the TTL
Windowing
Time to Live
Uniquely identify every application in the network

46. Who owns the processes by which public IP address space and AS numbers are allocated and assigned?
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
ICANN
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
RIRs

47. What is RIR?
Regional Internet Registry
Urgent
6
4

48. Specifies the format in which subnet masks are displayed in show command output
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}
Sequence Number
1
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)

49. What is the IPv4 Protocol number of RSVP?
Maximum Segment Size (MSS)
Local Internet Registry
127.0.0.0/8
46

50. What is the format of an ARP packet?
6
Regional Internet Registry
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address

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IPV4 Addressing

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