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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the IPv4 protocol number for UDP?
17
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]

2. What is prefix /27 in decimal notation?
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol
255.255.255.224

3. What is ICMP Type 9?
Address Resolution Protocol
Router Advertisement
8
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

4. What is the ARP Hardware type value for Ethernet?
64
1
127.0.0.0/8
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)

5. What is ACK?
Acknowledgement
Application
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
4

6. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for OSPF?
89
Application
192.0.2.0/24
Sequence Number

7. What is ECE?
ECN-Echo
RIRs
Open Systems Interconnection
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application

8. What is the format of an IPv4 header?
Transmission Control Protocol
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
Reserved (1-bit); DF (1-bit); MF (1-bit)
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);

9. What are the uses of gratuitous ARP?
255.255.255.240
RFC 791
255.255.255.128
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts

10. How can the receiver determine the size of a packet's data payload based on the IPv4 header?
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
IANA
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field

11. Who assigns IP address space to its own customers?
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
LIRs
2
Regional Internet Registry

12. What are the steps to subnet an IPv4 address?
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet
Length of header in words (32-bit)
RFC 1918

13. Displays the ARP cache of a router
0
Router#show arp
Transmission Control Protocol
Sequence Numbers

14. Specifies the format in which subnet masks are displayed in show command output
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
8
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers
Router(config)#ip netmask-format {bit-count | decimal | hexadecimal}

15. What is the format of the TCP Header Length field?
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Length of header in words (32-bit)
RFC 3330
0.0.0.0/8

16. What is ICMP Type 8?
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
IANA
Echo
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data

17. What is SYN?
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
1
LIRs
Synchronize

18. What are classless routing protocols?
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
More Fragments follow
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); Sequence Number (32-bit); Acknowledgement Number (32-bit); Header Length (4-bit); Reserved (4-bit); Flags (8-bit); Windows Size (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Urgent Pointer (16-bit); Options; Padding
Redirect

19. What is prefix /25 in decimal notation?
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
Regional Internet Registry
255.255.255.128

20. What is the minimum length of an IPv4 header?
127.0.0.0/8
Push
20 octets
RFC 1918

21. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in decimal?
IANA
Time to Live
Internet
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254

22. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for loopback testing?
127.0.0.0/8
Windowing
Regional Internet Registry
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept

23. What is the function of ICMP redirect messages?
47
All Internet Registries
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
2

24. What is prefix /29 in decimal notation?
255.255.255.248
Router#show arp
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol

25. What is the format of a UDP header?
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
Reset
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
1

26. What is NIR?
National Internet Registry
URG flag set
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
Internet Corporation for Assigned Network Numbers

27. What routing protocols are classful?
Uniquely identify every application in the network
Local Internet Registry
RIPv1 and IGRP
URG flag set

28. Why must the header checksum of an IPv4 packet be recalculated at every router?
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
Each router decrements the TTL
1

29. What is ICMP Type 3?
Data Offset
8
Destination Unreachable
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)

30. What are classful routing protocols?

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31. What is the ARP Operation value for an Inverse ARP Request?
8
RIRs
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)

32. What is the format of the DiffServ byte?
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
6
Internet
17

33. What is the ARP Hardware address length value for Ethernet?
Data Offset
4
255.255.255.224
6

34. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the network layer of the OSI model?
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address
Internet
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination

35. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for link-local addresses when DHCP fails?
198.18.0.0/15
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254
169.254.0.0/16
60 octets

36. Disables the sending of ICMP redirect messages
64
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
Router(config-if)#no ip redirects
Router Advertisement

37. What is TCP?
Transmission Control Protocol
255.255.255.128
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
NIRs

38. What is added after the Option field in the TCP header?
Acknowledgement
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Internet

39. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the transport layer of the OSI model?
8
88
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
Host-to-host

40. What is LIR?
Mostly large ISPs - enterprises - or academic institutions
They are the same byte - but the names and value interpretations are different
89
Local Internet Registry

41. What is the recommended default TTL?
DHCP
Reset
1
64

42. What is the prerequisite for using the Urgent Pointer field in the TCP header?
URG flag set
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates
Final
64

43. What is the format of an ICMP header?
6
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
Sequence Numbers
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields

44. What is the TTL field in the IPv4 header?
Address Resolution Protocol
RFC 3330
Time to Live
192.0.2.0/24

45. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for IPv6 to IPv4 (6to4) relays (RFC 3068)?
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
4
Used by a host to obtain the IP address associated with another host's MAC address
192.88.99.0/24

46. What IPv4 header fields are used for fragmentation?
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
URG flag set
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
Sequence Numbers

47. Adds a permanent static ARP entry for an Ethernet host
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
Sequence Numbers
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa

48. What are the protocol categories that describe the physical layer?
Router(config)#ip arp proxy disable
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural
6
ICANN and IANA

49. What is the content of the the Urgent Pointer field in the TCP header?
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
47
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
169.254.0.0/16

50. What is the format of the Flags field in the TCP header?
Transmission Control Protocol
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
255.255.255.128
RFC 3330