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IPV4 Addressing

Subject : it-skills

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is added after the Option field in the TCP header?
255.255.255.252
Router#debug arp
Number of octets to be added to the Sequence Number to indicate the end of the urgent data
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary

2. What is prefix /25 in decimal notation?
255.255.255.128
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
0 Routine; 1 Priority; 2 Immediate; 3 Flash; 4 Flash Override; 5 Critical; 6 Internetwork Control; 7 Network Control
6

3. Who owns the processes by which public IP address space and AS numbers are allocated and assigned?
Sequence Numbers
ICANN and IANA
Host-to-host
ICANN

4. What is the ARP Hardware type value for Ethernet?
Acknowledgement
1
Time Exceeded
Router#debug arp

5. What is ACK?
URG flag set
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
Acknowledgement
255.255.255.224

6. How can the receiver determine the size of a packet's data payload based on the IPv4 header?
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
Network interface
47

7. What is the ARP Operation value for a Reverse ARP Reply?
4
IANA
National Internet Registry
0.0.0.0/8

8. Disables proxy ARP on an interface
2
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data

9. What is the ARP Operation value for an ARP Reply?
2
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
The next sequence number that the source expects to receive from the destination
RFC 3330

10. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the session - presentation and application layers of the OSI model?
Internet Protocol
Socket
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
Application

11. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for OSPF?
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
Type (8-bit); Code (8-bit); Checksum (16-bit); Variable fields
Transmission Control Protocol
89

12. What is the IPv4 Protocol number for ICMP?
17
1
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
Internet Protocol

13. What is ICMP?
Internet Control Message Protocol
4
IPv4 and IPv6
Electrical/Optical - Mechanical - Functional and Procedural

14. What is the ARP Protocol type value for IPv4?
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
IANA
0.0.0.0/8
0x0800

15. What is the purpose of a socket?
Uniquely identify every application in the network
RFC 1918
Used by routers to notify hosts of another router on the data link that should be used for a particular destination
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet

16. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for self-identification on a local subnet?
Host-to-host
An ARP request issued by a host with its own IPv4 address as the target address
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
0.0.0.0/8

17. What is the ARP Protocol address length value for IPv4?
Sequence Number
4
Internet Service Provider
Destination Unreachable

18. What are classful routing protocols?

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19. What is LIR?
255.255.255.252
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);
89
Local Internet Registry

20. How does the layers of the TCP/IP protocol suite map to the 7 layers of the OSI model?
All Internet Registries
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application
9
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address

21. Which RFC defines the special use IPv4 address ranges?
Address Resolution Protocol
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
RFC 3330
National Internet Registry

22. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for IPv6 to IPv4 (6to4) relays (RFC 3068)?
192.88.99.0/24
6
More Fragments follow
Application

23. What is the ARP Operation value for an Inverse ARP Reply?
2
1
Number of octets - starting with the octet indicated by the Acknowledgement Number - that the receiver will accept from the sender before the sender must stop transmitting and wait for a new Acknowledgement
9

24. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for benchmark testing of Internet devices (RFC 2544)?
198.18.0.0/15
4
1 Determine how many subnets are required; 2 Determine how many hosts per subnet are required; 3 Determine the subnet mask for each subnet; 4 Calculate the network address for each subnet
20 octets

25. What is the format of a UDP header?
RFC 1918
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
Destination Unreachable
Time to Live

26. What TCP/IP protocol suite layer corresponds to the transport layer of the OSI model?
4
Destination Unreachable
60 octets
Host-to-host

27. Which IPv4 address range is reserved for link-local addresses when DHCP fails?
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
17
169.254.0.0/16
Protocols that don't include subnet masks in their routing updates

28. What is RIR?
255.255.255.192
47
Acknowledgements - checksums and timers
Regional Internet Registry

29. What are classless routing protocols?
ICANN
Protocols that include subnet masks in their routing updates
Loose source routing; Strict source routing; Record route; Timestamp
169.254.0.0/16

30. Who allocates public IP address ranges to NIRs or LIRs?
RIRs
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
CWR (1-bit); ECE (1-bit); URG (1-bit); ACK (1-bit); PSH (1-bit); RST (1-bit); SYN (1-bit); FIN (1-bit)
ECN-Echo

31. What is covered by the TCP Checksum field?
Both the TCP header and the encapsulated data
Data Offset
Minimize Delay (1-bit); Maximise Throughput (1-bit); Maximise Reliability (1-bit); Minimize Monetary Cost (1-bit)
Used by a host to obtain the IPv4 address associated with its own MAC address

32. What is the minimum length of an IPv4 header?
RIRs
20 octets
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
6

33. What is the prerequisite for using the Urgent Pointer field in the TCP header?
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
URG flag set
Transmission Control Protocol
255.255.255.252

34. Who allocates IP address space and AS numbers to RIRs?
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
Identifier; Flags and Fragmentation Offset
IANA
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept

35. What is the ARP Hardware address length value for Ethernet?
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
More Fragments follow
Reset
6

36. What is OSI?
255.255.255.248
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
Open Systems Interconnection

37. What is the recommended default TTL?
Sequence Number + Data payload octets + 1
DSCP (6-bit); ECN (2-bit)
64
Acknowledgement

38. What is added after the option field in the IPv4 header?
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
RFC 3330
Padding of zeros to ensure that the header ends on a 32-bit boundary
1-2 Network interface; 3 Internet; 4 Host-to-host; 5-7 Application

39. What are the uses of gratuitous ARP?
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
Duplicate address checks; Advertise new data-link identifiers; Update the ARP caches of hosts
127.0.0.0/8

40. What is prefix /29 in decimal notation?
255.255.255.248
Minimize Delay (1-bit); Maximise Throughput (1-bit); Maximise Reliability (1-bit); Minimize Monetary Cost (1-bit)
Source Port (16-bit); Destination Port (16-bit); UDP Length (16-bit); Checksum (16-bit)
RIRs

41. Who administers and registers public IP address space and AS numbers within a country or economic unit?
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
NIRs
Used by IRDP on some operating systems to discover local routers
8

42. What is the the MF-bit in the IPv4 header?
Router Advertisement
Router(config-if)#no ip proxy-arp
Local Internet Registry
More Fragments follow

43. Deletes dynamic entries from the ARP cache
IP Precedence (3-bit); ToS (4-bit); Reserved (1-bit)
Router#clear arp-cache [{interface {interface}} | {ip-address}]
89
Subtract Header Length field from Total Length field

44. Configures how long a dynamically learned protocol address and its corresponding hardware address remains in the ARP cache
Largest segment size that the sender is willing to accept
Router(config-if)#arp timeout {seconds}
Push
Version (4-bit); Header Length (4-bit); ToS (8-bit); Total Length (16-bit); Identifier (16-bit); Flags (3-bit); Fragment Offset (13-bit); TTL (8-bit); Protocol (8-bit); Header Checksum (16-bit); Source Address (32-bit); Destination Address (32-bit);

45. What is the first octet rule for IPv4 address classes in decimal?
Sequence Number
0x0800
17
Class A 1-126; Class B 128-191; Class C 192-223; Class D 224-239; Class E 240-254

46. What are the private IPv4 address ranges?
Destination Unreachable
Regional Internet Registry
10.0.0.0/8; 172.16.0.0/12; 192.168.0.0/16
Congestion Window Reduced

47. What is the format of an ARP packet?
Transmission Control Protocol
Hardware type (16-bit); Protocol type (16-bit); Hardware address length (8-bit); Protocol address length (8-bit); Operation (16-bit); Sender hardware address; Sender protocol address; Target hardware address; Target protocol address
They are the same byte - but the names and value interpretations are different
DHCP

48. What field identifies where the TCP encapsulated data fits within the data stream from the sender?
Router(config)#arp {ip-address} {mac-address} arpa
255.255.255.248
Urgent
Sequence Number

49. Which RFC defines the private IPv4 address ranges?
Offset - in units of eight octets - from the beginning of the original header to the beginning of the fragment
IPv4 and IPv6
Echo
RFC 1918

50. What is ISP?
Internet Service Provider
Application
Open Systems Interconnection
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority