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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Shoen
compiler of the Manyoshu
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

2. Ahikaga period
pollution
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
8th shogun

3. Katagana is used to write...
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

4. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
8th shogun
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
government and worshipping

5. Muso Soseki
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

6. Aesthetics believed
animism
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

7. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
compiler of the Manyoshu
Pure Land and Zen
Mizoguchi Kenji
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

8. 3 things that cause pollution
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
control the weather - linked to water
Death - childbirth - blood
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

9. kotodama
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
belief in the spirit of words

10. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
Jomon - Yayoi
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
no

11. Haniwa figures
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
melancholy at the transience of things
sense of the mysterious and sublime

12. minority peoples within Japan
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
pollution
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons

13. Ahikaga Takauji
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Manyoshu
Death - childbirth - blood
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

14. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
8th shogun
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

15. Who introduced Buddhism
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
King of Paekche
pollution
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

16. Ugetsu director
general and first shogun of Japan
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Mizoguchi Kenji
sense of the mysterious and sublime

17. Logograph
Mizoguchi Kenji
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
symbol used to write a morpheme
the way of the bow and arrow

18. Onin War
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
sympathy for the lieutenant
government and worshipping

19. Kenmu restoration
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China

20. yamato-e
Fujiwara
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
compiler of the Manyoshu

21. Kakinomoto Hitormaro
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
refined elegance
no

22. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
inflections and function words
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

23. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
symbol used to write a morpheme
inflections and function words
King of Paekche
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

24. manyogana
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
valiant warrior and romantic hero
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words

25. hinin
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Non persons
melancholy at the transience of things

26. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

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27. Shinto myth texts
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
Manyoshu
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

28. makura kotoba
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
general and first shogun of Japan
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

29. Kamakura Period
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
divine decrees- laws
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

30. miyabi
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
refined elegance
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

31. Kinkakuji
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

32. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
Warring States period
Soga Family
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
sympathy for the lieutenant

33. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Pure Land and Zen
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

34. Creation myth

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35. foxes
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
sympathy for the lieutenant
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

36. Sumie
pollution
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
compiler of the Manyoshu
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

37. eta
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
King of Paekche
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

38. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
pollution

39. yumiya no narai
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
refined elegance
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
the way of the bow and arrow

40. mappo
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
no
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

41. Ugetsu setting
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
control the weather - linked to water
Warring States period
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

42. Hiragana is used to write...
inflections and function words
sense of the mysterious and sublime
general and first shogun of Japan
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

43. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Death - childbirth - blood
control the weather - linked to water

44. Taiho Code
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
general and first shogun of Japan
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

45. Japanese was standardized during
government and worshipping
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Meiji Period (1868-1912)

46. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
sympathy for the lieutenant
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

47. Tengu
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
animism
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

48. Yamanoue Okura
8th shogun
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Jomon - Yayoi

49. Innovations of the Yayoi period
Mizoguchi Kenji
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
control the weather - linked to water

50. Tale of the Heiki
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
symbol used to write a morpheme
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song