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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. yumiya no narai
King of Paekche
the way of the bow and arrow
Warring States period
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

2. kotodama
belief in the spirit of words
control the weather - linked to water
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

3. hagiography
Fujiwara
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Non persons
control the weather - linked to water

4. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

5. No drama
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
the way of the bow and arrow
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting

6. Ugetsu director
Mizoguchi Kenji
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
symbol used to write a morpheme
no

7. Heian period associated with a fear of
pollution
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words

8. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
sympathy for the lieutenant
8th shogun
Pure Land and Zen
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

9. Concepts in the Nihon Ryoiki
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
control the weather - linked to water
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China

10. Yamanoue Okura
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

11. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
amusing

12. Yoshitsune
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
sympathy for the lieutenant
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Soga Family

13. dragons' abilities
control the weather - linked to water
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Mizoguchi Kenji
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

14. Hiragana is used to write...
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
inflections and function words

15. hogan biiji
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
belief in the spirit of words
sympathy for the lieutenant
Warring States period

16. Zen Buddhism
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Manyoshu

17. Who introduced Buddhism
King of Paekche
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

18. Kinkakuji
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
symbol used to write a morpheme
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu

19. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

20. miyabi
refined elegance
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
3rd Shogun

21. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Pure Land and Zen
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

22. mappo
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

23. matsuri
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
King of Paekche
government and worshipping

24. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
government and worshipping
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

25. Yoritomo
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
general and first shogun of Japan
8th shogun
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

26. Aesthetics believed
Mizoguchi Kenji
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

27. manyogana
3rd Shogun
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

28. Japanese was standardized during
Jomon - Yayoi
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans

29. yamato-e
Fujiwara
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

30. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Warring States period

31. Shoen
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

32. Benkei
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
control the weather - linked to water

33. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans

34. Pure Land Buddhism

35. Kamakura Period
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
the way of the bow and arrow

36. Innovations of the Yayoi period
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

37. okashi
amusing
animism
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Manyoshu

38. Tale of the Heiki
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

39. Muso Soseki
Warring States period
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
control the weather - linked to water
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

40. 2 Archaeological periods
Jomon - Yayoi
Death - childbirth - blood
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
control the weather - linked to water

41. eta
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
pollution
Non persons

42. Ahikaga Takauji
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
refined elegance
Non persons
divine decrees- laws

43. innovations of Yamato Period
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Soga Family
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

44. hinin
Pure Land and Zen
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Non persons

45. Logograph
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
symbol used to write a morpheme
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
divine decrees- laws

46. minority peoples within Japan
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
symbol used to write a morpheme

47. Tengu
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
the way of the bow and arrow
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother

48. mono no aware
control the weather - linked to water
melancholy at the transience of things
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
belief in the spirit of words

49. Taiho Code
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words

50. Izumo shrine is dedicated to