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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Who introduced Buddhism
Mizoguchi Kenji
King of Paekche
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
animism

2. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

3. Kami
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
government and worshipping

4. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
Jomon - Yayoi
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
refined elegance

5. Shobogenzo
inflections and function words
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Pure Land and Zen
government and worshipping

6. Katagana is used to write...
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words

7. No drama
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
King of Paekche
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting

8. Onin War
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting

9. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

10. Japanese was standardized during
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Soga Family

11. Yoshitsune
Soga Family
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

12. minority peoples within Japan
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
King of Paekche
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans

13. hinin
pollution
general and first shogun of Japan
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
Non persons

14. Taiho Code
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
government and worshipping
the way of the bow and arrow
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

15. Ugetsu setting
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Warring States period
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

16. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
general and first shogun of Japan
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

17. Muso Soseki
8th shogun
refined elegance
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

18. Zen Buddhism
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
belief in the spirit of words
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

19. Kamakura Period
the way of the bow and arrow
King of Paekche
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

20. Elements of Japanese language standardization
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
compiler of the Manyoshu

21. Ise Shrine is dedicated to
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans

22. Japan's first anthology of poetry
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Manyoshu

23. Logograph
compiler of the Manyoshu
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
symbol used to write a morpheme
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

24. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Pure Land and Zen
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants

25. Yamanoue Okura
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China

26. Shinto is a form of
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
belief in the spirit of words
animism

27. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
3rd Shogun
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

28. kotodama
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
belief in the spirit of words
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words

29. Tale of the Heiki
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
compiler of the Manyoshu
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

30. manyogana
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

31. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
control the weather - linked to water
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

32. miyabi
Fujiwara
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
refined elegance

33. Yugen
sense of the mysterious and sublime
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

34. Yoritomo
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
general and first shogun of Japan

35. hogan biiji
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
sympathy for the lieutenant
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
refined elegance

36. yumiya no narai
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
the way of the bow and arrow
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

37. Ahikaga Takauji
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Warring States period
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

38. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
Soga Family
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
sympathy for the lieutenant
compiler of the Manyoshu

39. matsuri
government and worshipping
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
sense of the mysterious and sublime
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

40. hagiography
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Mizoguchi Kenji

41. mappo
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
general and first shogun of Japan
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

42. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
symbol used to write a morpheme
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

43. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
control the weather - linked to water
Jomon - Yayoi

44. Ugetsu director
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Mizoguchi Kenji
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

45. Haniwa figures
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
sense of the mysterious and sublime
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
the way of the bow and arrow

46. Pure Land Buddhism

47. Heian period prominent aristocratic family
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
sympathy for the lieutenant
general and first shogun of Japan
Fujiwara

48. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
refined elegance
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

49. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
8th shogun
belief in the spirit of words
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Soga Family

50. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
valiant warrior and romantic hero
3rd Shogun
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e