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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
Jomon - Yayoi
Pure Land and Zen
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants

2. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
compiler of the Manyoshu

3. yamato-e
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
melancholy at the transience of things

4. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

5. 2 Archaeological periods
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
Jomon - Yayoi
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
no

6. kotodama
sense of the mysterious and sublime
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
belief in the spirit of words

7. hogan biiji
sympathy for the lieutenant
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Non persons

8. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

9. matsuri
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
government and worshipping
amusing
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

10. Heian period prominent aristocratic family
Fujiwara
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
the way of the bow and arrow
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

11. No drama
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
symbol used to write a morpheme
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

12. Yoritomo
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
general and first shogun of Japan
animism

13. foxes
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
compiler of the Manyoshu

14. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
8th shogun
the way of the bow and arrow
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words

15. Elements of Japanese language standardization
Manyoshu
Soga Family
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
sense of the mysterious and sublime

16. Yoshitsune
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
symbol used to write a morpheme
sense of the mysterious and sublime
valiant warrior and romantic hero

17. miyabi
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
refined elegance
8th shogun
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery

18. hagiography
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

19. Ahikaga period
general and first shogun of Japan
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
amusing

20. Tengu
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

21. Onin War
8th shogun
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
government and worshipping

22. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Soga Family
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Meiji Period (1868-1912)

23. Kinkakuji
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

24. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
no
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

25. Kenmu restoration
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
compiler of the Manyoshu
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words

26. Kakinomoto Hitormaro
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
valiant warrior and romantic hero
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

27. 3 things that cause pollution
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Death - childbirth - blood
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

28. Shinto is a form of
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Warring States period
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
animism

29. Japan's first anthology of poetry
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Jomon - Yayoi
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Manyoshu

30. Pure Land Buddhism

31. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Fujiwara
Non persons
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

32. dragons' abilities
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Jomon - Yayoi
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
control the weather - linked to water

33. Shoen
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
no
King of Paekche

34. makura kotoba
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

35. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
the way of the bow and arrow

36. Hiragana is used to write...
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
inflections and function words
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans

37. Katagana is used to write...
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words

38. minority peoples within Japan
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
refined elegance

39. Taiho Code
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

40. innovations of Yamato Period
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
animism
Mizoguchi Kenji
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes

41. Ugetsu director
Manyoshu
divine decrees- laws
Mizoguchi Kenji
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

42. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
melancholy at the transience of things
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

43. Ahikaga Takauji
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
compiler of the Manyoshu

44. Ugetsu setting
no
Warring States period
8th shogun
sympathy for the lieutenant

45. Heian period associated with a fear of
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
pollution
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

46. Concepts in the Nihon Ryoiki
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

47. Logograph
symbol used to write a morpheme
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting

48. Tale of the Heiki
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Jomon - Yayoi

49. Genres of tales
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Jomon - Yayoi

50. Zen Buddhism
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state