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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Shobogenzo
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

2. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
the way of the bow and arrow

3. mappo
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
the way of the bow and arrow
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

4. Yamanoue Okura
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
the way of the bow and arrow

5. Kami
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

6. Kenmu restoration
the way of the bow and arrow
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Mizoguchi Kenji
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

7. hagiography
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

8. Shoen
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Warring States period
inflections and function words
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

9. hinin
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Non persons
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

10. Who introduced Buddhism
sympathy for the lieutenant
Pure Land and Zen
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
King of Paekche

11. Kamakura Period
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
3rd Shogun
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

12. matsuri
government and worshipping
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes

13. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

14. Yoshitsune
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
compiler of the Manyoshu
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
valiant warrior and romantic hero

15. Ugetsu director
valiant warrior and romantic hero
symbol used to write a morpheme
Mizoguchi Kenji
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants

16. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
no
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate

17. nori
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
control the weather - linked to water
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
divine decrees- laws

18. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
sympathy for the lieutenant
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Soga Family

19. miyabi
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Fujiwara
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
refined elegance

20. No drama
sympathy for the lieutenant
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

21. Benkei
pollution
control the weather - linked to water
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Mizoguchi Kenji

22. Concepts in the Nihon Ryoiki
King of Paekche
no
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

23. Ugetsu setting
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Warring States period
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
animism

24. Pure Land Buddhism

25. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
8th shogun

26. Haniwa figures
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Soga Family

27. Shinto is a form of
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
animism
Pure Land and Zen

28. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
control the weather - linked to water
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes

29. Ahikaga Takauji
compiler of the Manyoshu
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
general and first shogun of Japan

30. Shinto myth texts
general and first shogun of Japan
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

31. Aesthetics believed
sympathy for the lieutenant
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

32. innovations of Yamato Period
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

33. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
Death - childbirth - blood
control the weather - linked to water
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

34. Logograph
symbol used to write a morpheme
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
general and first shogun of Japan
valiant warrior and romantic hero

35. kotodama
animism
8th shogun
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
belief in the spirit of words

36. makura kotoba
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
8th shogun
animism

37. minority peoples within Japan
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
amusing
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
8th shogun

38. yamato-e
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Non persons
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate

39. 3 things that cause pollution
Death - childbirth - blood
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
inflections and function words

40. Otomo Yakamochi
control the weather - linked to water
Non persons
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
compiler of the Manyoshu

41. foxes
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Death - childbirth - blood
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

42. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
symbol used to write a morpheme

43. Tengu
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Warring States period

44. Yugen
sense of the mysterious and sublime
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
the way of the bow and arrow
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

45. 2 Archaeological periods
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
government and worshipping
Jomon - Yayoi

46. manyogana
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
symbol used to write a morpheme

47. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Non persons
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

48. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery

49. mono no aware
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
melancholy at the transience of things
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

50. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
no
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
3rd Shogun