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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Yugen
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
sense of the mysterious and sublime
amusing
Jomon - Yayoi

2. makura kotoba
belief in the spirit of words
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
melancholy at the transience of things

3. miyabi
no
Pure Land and Zen
refined elegance
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

4. Heian period associated with a fear of
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
pollution

5. Who introduced Buddhism
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
King of Paekche
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

6. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Jomon - Yayoi

7. Benkei
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
sense of the mysterious and sublime
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
symbol used to write a morpheme

8. nori
Jomon - Yayoi
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
divine decrees- laws
Pure Land and Zen

9. Otomo Yakamochi
3rd Shogun
compiler of the Manyoshu
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
amusing

10. Kami
Pure Land and Zen
control the weather - linked to water
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

11. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
valiant warrior and romantic hero
general and first shogun of Japan
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

12. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
general and first shogun of Japan
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
refined elegance

13. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Soga Family
8th shogun

14. Elements of Japanese language standardization
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
animism

15. Kamakura Period
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
pollution
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

16. Kinkakuji
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
belief in the spirit of words
symbol used to write a morpheme
refined elegance

17. Ise Shrine is dedicated to
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
the way of the bow and arrow
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

18. hogan biiji
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
sympathy for the lieutenant
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
animism

19. Shobogenzo
Warring States period
Non persons
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

20. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
3rd Shogun

21. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
amusing
8th shogun

22. kotodama
melancholy at the transience of things
Soga Family
belief in the spirit of words
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

23. minority peoples within Japan
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
8th shogun
Non persons

24. hinin
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Non persons
Soga Family
valiant warrior and romantic hero

25. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
belief in the spirit of words
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

26. 2 Archaeological periods
no
Jomon - Yayoi
Non persons
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

27. mono no aware
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
melancholy at the transience of things
no
Death - childbirth - blood

28. hagiography
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

29. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

30. Muso Soseki
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
compiler of the Manyoshu
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

31. yamato-e
valiant warrior and romantic hero
no
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

32. No drama
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
the way of the bow and arrow

33. Onin War
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

34. Ugetsu director
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
symbol used to write a morpheme
Mizoguchi Kenji
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans

35. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
government and worshipping
Pure Land and Zen
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

36. mappo
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
control the weather - linked to water
belief in the spirit of words

37. Creation myth

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38. Yamanoue Okura
animism
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
3rd Shogun
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

39. Aesthetics believed
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
belief in the spirit of words
compiler of the Manyoshu
Death - childbirth - blood

40. Kenmu restoration
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
divine decrees- laws
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Mizoguchi Kenji

41. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
pollution
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
belief in the spirit of words

42. Ahikaga Takauji
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

43. Zen Buddhism
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Manyoshu
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography

44. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
Warring States period
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
amusing

45. 3 things that cause pollution
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
amusing
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
Death - childbirth - blood

46. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
belief in the spirit of words
no

47. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
Fujiwara
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
animism
Soga Family

48. Shinto is a form of
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
animism
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

49. Ugetsu setting
3rd Shogun
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
Warring States period
symbol used to write a morpheme

50. matsuri
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
government and worshipping
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined