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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Japan's first anthology of poetry
amusing
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Manyoshu
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

2. Taiho Code
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
the way of the bow and arrow
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

3. Ahikaga Takauji
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
King of Paekche
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

4. miyabi
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
refined elegance
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

5. Tengu
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Soga Family

6. Creation myth

7. eta
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
symbol used to write a morpheme
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

8. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Soga Family

9. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
Mizoguchi Kenji
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

10. manyogana
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
amusing
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Warring States period

11. Shobogenzo
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Warring States period
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu

12. Tale of the Heiki
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
3rd Shogun
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

13. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
Death - childbirth - blood
no

14. Logograph
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
symbol used to write a morpheme
Fujiwara

15. okashi
inflections and function words
3rd Shogun
amusing
King of Paekche

16. Hiragana is used to write...
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
inflections and function words

17. Elements of Japanese language standardization
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Fujiwara
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
melancholy at the transience of things

18. kotodama
belief in the spirit of words
8th shogun
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes

19. Sumie
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Jomon - Yayoi
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery

20. Aesthetics believed
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
belief in the spirit of words

21. Yoshitsune
the way of the bow and arrow
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Soga Family
valiant warrior and romantic hero

22. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
belief in the spirit of words
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

23. Kamakura Period
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Pure Land and Zen

24. Haniwa figures
3rd Shogun
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
melancholy at the transience of things

25. foxes
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
belief in the spirit of words
Manyoshu
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

26. makura kotoba
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
symbol used to write a morpheme

27. nori
control the weather - linked to water
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
divine decrees- laws
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes

28. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

29. 3 things that cause pollution
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Death - childbirth - blood
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons

30. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
3rd Shogun

31. Zen Buddhism
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
no

32. Kenmu restoration
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

33. Ahikaga period
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

34. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
King of Paekche
Non persons

35. No drama
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
government and worshipping

36. Yoritomo
8th shogun
general and first shogun of Japan
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
belief in the spirit of words

37. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
3rd Shogun
belief in the spirit of words
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

38. Yugen
sense of the mysterious and sublime
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
no

39. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Manyoshu

40. Muso Soseki
pollution
8th shogun
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
animism

41. Who introduced Buddhism
3rd Shogun
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
King of Paekche

42. Benkei
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

43. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
no

44. Shinto is a form of
Jomon - Yayoi
3rd Shogun
inflections and function words
animism

45. yumiya no narai
the way of the bow and arrow
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
compiler of the Manyoshu

46. Katagana is used to write...
Jomon - Yayoi
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

47. dragons' abilities
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
control the weather - linked to water

48. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Pure Land and Zen
Death - childbirth - blood

49. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

50. Kami
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Soga Family
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
symbol used to write a morpheme