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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 20 minutes. 2 minutes extra for reading the instructions.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Elements of Japanese language standardization
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

2. Ahikaga Takauji
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Soga Family
melancholy at the transience of things

3. Otomo Yakamochi
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
compiler of the Manyoshu
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

4. No drama
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

5. okashi
amusing
valiant warrior and romantic hero
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra

6. Kakinomoto Hitormaro
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother

7. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
no
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons

8. Ugetsu setting
the way of the bow and arrow
no
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Warring States period

9. nori
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
divine decrees- laws
control the weather - linked to water
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

10. Heian period associated with a fear of
symbol used to write a morpheme
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
pollution

11. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
8th shogun
3rd Shogun
Mizoguchi Kenji
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons

12. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
divine decrees- laws
animism
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

13. Kami
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Fujiwara
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

14. yumiya no narai
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
the way of the bow and arrow
control the weather - linked to water
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

15. Creation myth

16. Shinto is a form of
Soga Family
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
amusing
animism

17. Japanese was standardized during
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
no
King of Paekche

18. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
8th shogun
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

19. mappo
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
refined elegance

20. Yugen
sense of the mysterious and sublime
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
the way of the bow and arrow

21. hinin
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Non persons
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes

22. Sumie
3rd Shogun
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

23. eta
symbol used to write a morpheme
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
divine decrees- laws
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

24. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
animism
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
control the weather - linked to water
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra

25. Ahikaga period
animism
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

26. Logograph
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
pollution
symbol used to write a morpheme
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

27. 2 Archaeological periods
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
Manyoshu
Jomon - Yayoi

28. Katagana is used to write...
pollution
8th shogun
Soga Family
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words

29. mono no aware
Mizoguchi Kenji
melancholy at the transience of things
government and worshipping
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

30. Genres of tales
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Manyoshu

31. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
Fujiwara
animism
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

32. hogan biiji
refined elegance
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
sympathy for the lieutenant
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

33. Taiho Code
animism
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
belief in the spirit of words
8th shogun

34. manyogana
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
sympathy for the lieutenant
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother

35. Yamanoue Okura
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Non persons
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

36. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Soga Family
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

37. Shobogenzo
King of Paekche
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
control the weather - linked to water
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

38. Yoritomo
general and first shogun of Japan
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
the way of the bow and arrow

39. innovations of Yamato Period
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
animism
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

40. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
sense of the mysterious and sublime
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
government and worshipping

41. dragons' abilities
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
control the weather - linked to water
Mizoguchi Kenji

42. matsuri
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
government and worshipping
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
sympathy for the lieutenant

43. Who introduced Buddhism
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
King of Paekche
belief in the spirit of words
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra

44. Tengu
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
control the weather - linked to water
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

45. Benkei
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
no

46. Japan's first anthology of poetry
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Manyoshu
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

47. Muso Soseki
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Warring States period
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

48. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Soga Family
Jomon - Yayoi
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

49. Heian period prominent aristocratic family
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
Fujiwara
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

50. Kenmu restoration
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
refined elegance