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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Tengu
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

2. Shoen
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
Death - childbirth - blood
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

3. makura kotoba
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
animism
Death - childbirth - blood

4. Benkei
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

5. Kami
Non persons
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

6. hagiography
Jomon - Yayoi
belief in the spirit of words
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

7. yamato-e
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Mizoguchi Kenji

8. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
symbol used to write a morpheme
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

9. Who introduced Buddhism
King of Paekche
Death - childbirth - blood
refined elegance
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

10. manyogana
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Manyoshu
symbol used to write a morpheme
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words

11. nori
belief in the spirit of words
divine decrees- laws
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

12. Kinkakuji
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu

13. Taiho Code
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
sympathy for the lieutenant

14. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
no
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

15. Aesthetics believed
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
no
pollution
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

16. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
pollution
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

17. Ahikaga period
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

18. Haniwa figures
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Meiji Period (1868-1912)

19. Kenmu restoration
Warring States period
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Fujiwara

20. Innovations of the Yayoi period
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

21. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
8th shogun
refined elegance
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

22. Kamakura Period
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
pollution

23. Ugetsu director
symbol used to write a morpheme
pollution
Mizoguchi Kenji
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

24. Zen Buddhism
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

25. Shobogenzo
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Mizoguchi Kenji
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China

26. Otomo Yakamochi
melancholy at the transience of things
compiler of the Manyoshu
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

27. Japanese was standardized during
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
King of Paekche
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

28. Heian period prominent aristocratic family
Fujiwara
government and worshipping
animism
sense of the mysterious and sublime

29. Shinto myth texts
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

30. Ugetsu setting
compiler of the Manyoshu
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Warring States period

31. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
8th shogun
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

32. 2 Archaeological periods
melancholy at the transience of things
Jomon - Yayoi
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

33. Logograph
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
symbol used to write a morpheme

34. Hiragana is used to write...
the way of the bow and arrow
inflections and function words
Warring States period
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

35. yumiya no narai
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
the way of the bow and arrow

36. miyabi
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
refined elegance
sense of the mysterious and sublime

37. Concepts in the Nihon Ryoiki
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
refined elegance
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

38. dragons' abilities
Mizoguchi Kenji
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
control the weather - linked to water
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

39. Yamanoue Okura
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

40. Shinto is a form of
animism
Mizoguchi Kenji
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Non persons

41. Ahikaga Takauji
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery

42. Onin War
belief in the spirit of words
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
pollution

43. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

44. mono no aware
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Fujiwara
melancholy at the transience of things
Mizoguchi Kenji

45. Elements of Japanese language standardization
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
pollution
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

46. innovations of Yamato Period
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
valiant warrior and romantic hero

47. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Soga Family
the way of the bow and arrow
sympathy for the lieutenant

48. No drama
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
inflections and function words
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography

49. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
compiler of the Manyoshu
Pure Land and Zen

50. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
King of Paekche
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
8th shogun
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu