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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Pure Land Buddhism

2. yumiya no narai
divine decrees- laws
Warring States period
the way of the bow and arrow
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

3. makura kotoba
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Fujiwara

4. foxes
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

5. Benkei
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Manyoshu
divine decrees- laws

6. Yugen
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Mizoguchi Kenji
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
sense of the mysterious and sublime

7. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
the way of the bow and arrow
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

8. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Soga Family
belief in the spirit of words

9. Sumie
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
Fujiwara
compiler of the Manyoshu

10. Shoen
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

11. eta
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
valiant warrior and romantic hero

12. Ugetsu setting
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
sympathy for the lieutenant
Warring States period
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

13. okashi
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
amusing
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

14. Kamakura Period
no
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
sense of the mysterious and sublime
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

15. Onin War
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
sympathy for the lieutenant
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

16. Shobogenzo
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

17. Taiho Code
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

18. Who introduced Buddhism
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
King of Paekche
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

19. Genres of tales
Death - childbirth - blood
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Fujiwara
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

20. Creation myth

21. manyogana
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother

22. Otomo Yakamochi
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
compiler of the Manyoshu
3rd Shogun
melancholy at the transience of things

23. Zen Buddhism
belief in the spirit of words
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Jomon - Yayoi

24. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
symbol used to write a morpheme
divine decrees- laws
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
8th shogun

25. Shinto is a form of
Manyoshu
animism
inflections and function words
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

26. 3 things that cause pollution
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
no
Death - childbirth - blood
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

27. mappo
refined elegance
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Manyoshu

28. kotodama
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
pollution
belief in the spirit of words

29. matsuri
control the weather - linked to water
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Manyoshu
government and worshipping

30. yamato-e
belief in the spirit of words
Death - childbirth - blood
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Warring States period

31. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
Pure Land and Zen
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
no

32. Ahikaga period
no
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate

33. Japanese was standardized during
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

34. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
Mizoguchi Kenji
Death - childbirth - blood
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

35. Yamanoue Okura
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
animism

36. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Soga Family
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography

37. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
melancholy at the transience of things
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

38. Haniwa figures
animism
divine decrees- laws
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

39. Innovations of the Yayoi period
King of Paekche
no
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery

40. Hiragana is used to write...
inflections and function words
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
the way of the bow and arrow
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

41. Heian period associated with a fear of
pollution
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Fujiwara
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu

42. Tengu
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

43. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
Non persons
amusing
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

44. hogan biiji
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
sympathy for the lieutenant
animism
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

45. Yoshitsune
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Soga Family
Warring States period
valiant warrior and romantic hero

46. Kenmu restoration
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
melancholy at the transience of things
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
belief in the spirit of words

47. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
refined elegance
no
sense of the mysterious and sublime
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

48. Elements of Japanese language standardization
King of Paekche
Mizoguchi Kenji
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
valiant warrior and romantic hero

49. nori
government and worshipping
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
divine decrees- laws

50. Kakinomoto Hitormaro
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
control the weather - linked to water
Pure Land and Zen
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology