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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. matsuri
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
amusing
government and worshipping

2. Yugen
general and first shogun of Japan
Death - childbirth - blood
sense of the mysterious and sublime
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

3. 2 Archaeological periods
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Jomon - Yayoi

4. Hiragana is used to write...
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Warring States period
Mizoguchi Kenji
inflections and function words

5. Elements of Japanese language standardization
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans

6. dragons' abilities
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
control the weather - linked to water
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

7. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
amusing

8. Ahikaga Takauji
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Pure Land and Zen

9. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

10. Muso Soseki
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes

11. Shobogenzo
pollution
Death - childbirth - blood
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

12. mappo
sympathy for the lieutenant
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

13. makura kotoba
inflections and function words
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

14. Creation myth

15. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Warring States period
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

16. Concepts in the Nihon Ryoiki
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
King of Paekche
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

17. Aesthetics believed
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
no

18. Zen Buddhism
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra

19. Shoen
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China

20. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Soga Family
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words

21. manyogana
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
general and first shogun of Japan
Fujiwara
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

22. Yamanoue Okura
8th shogun
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Jomon - Yayoi

23. foxes
Non persons
general and first shogun of Japan
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
sympathy for the lieutenant

24. Kami
Manyoshu
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
sympathy for the lieutenant
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

25. Logograph
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
symbol used to write a morpheme
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

26. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
government and worshipping
3rd Shogun
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

27. yamato-e
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
inflections and function words
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

28. Ahikaga period
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
valiant warrior and romantic hero

29. Pure Land Buddhism

30. yumiya no narai
valiant warrior and romantic hero
the way of the bow and arrow
divine decrees- laws
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

31. Tale of the Heiki
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
no

32. hinin
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Non persons
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

33. minority peoples within Japan
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans

34. Benkei
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
compiler of the Manyoshu

35. Who introduced Buddhism
Death - childbirth - blood
sense of the mysterious and sublime
symbol used to write a morpheme
King of Paekche

36. Tengu
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

37. Taiho Code
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

38. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
no
pollution
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

39. Haniwa figures
the way of the bow and arrow
Jomon - Yayoi
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

40. Kamakura Period
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
sense of the mysterious and sublime
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

41. No drama
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Manyoshu
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

42. miyabi
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
refined elegance
Death - childbirth - blood

43. hagiography
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Fujiwara
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

44. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
8th shogun
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery

45. mono no aware
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
melancholy at the transience of things
sympathy for the lieutenant
3rd Shogun

46. Otomo Yakamochi
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
refined elegance
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
compiler of the Manyoshu

47. 3 things that cause pollution
Death - childbirth - blood
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
sense of the mysterious and sublime

48. Katagana is used to write...
Death - childbirth - blood
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate

49. Heian period prominent aristocratic family
pollution
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Fujiwara
Warring States period

50. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
no
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Pure Land and Zen
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e