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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. matsuri
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
government and worshipping
Manyoshu
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

2. Haniwa figures
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

3. Ugetsu setting
King of Paekche
Jomon - Yayoi
Warring States period
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

4. Pure Land Buddhism

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5. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

6. Ugetsu director
Mizoguchi Kenji
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Non persons

7. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Non persons
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants

8. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
no

9. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Non persons
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

10. No drama
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Pure Land and Zen

11. Innovations of the Yayoi period
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
inflections and function words
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

12. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
government and worshipping
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
3rd Shogun
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

13. Shinto is a form of
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
animism
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

14. yamato-e
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
sympathy for the lieutenant
valiant warrior and romantic hero

15. Shinto myth texts
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
Fujiwara

16. dragons' abilities
control the weather - linked to water
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Manyoshu
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

17. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography

18. hinin
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
inflections and function words
Non persons
3rd Shogun

19. Zen Buddhism
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
8th shogun
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu

20. makura kotoba
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Mizoguchi Kenji
Fujiwara
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

21. hagiography
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
amusing
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

22. Japanese was standardized during
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
compiler of the Manyoshu
Meiji Period (1868-1912)

23. Taiho Code
amusing
control the weather - linked to water
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

24. Kami
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
melancholy at the transience of things
refined elegance
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

25. Kenmu restoration
Mizoguchi Kenji
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

26. Katagana is used to write...
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

27. Heian period associated with a fear of
Manyoshu
pollution
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
general and first shogun of Japan

28. Benkei
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
divine decrees- laws
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

29. hogan biiji
pollution
sympathy for the lieutenant
government and worshipping
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

30. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
Soga Family
divine decrees- laws
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

31. kotodama
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
belief in the spirit of words
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

32. Muso Soseki
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Warring States period

33. Hiragana is used to write...
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
inflections and function words
amusing
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

34. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu

35. yumiya no narai
the way of the bow and arrow
refined elegance
amusing
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

36. mono no aware
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
melancholy at the transience of things
compiler of the Manyoshu
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

37. Concepts in the Nihon Ryoiki
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Fujiwara
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

38. Who introduced Buddhism
compiler of the Manyoshu
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
melancholy at the transience of things
King of Paekche

39. Sumie
general and first shogun of Japan
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
control the weather - linked to water
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

40. Heian period prominent aristocratic family
Fujiwara
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

41. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
3rd Shogun
refined elegance

42. Elements of Japanese language standardization
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes

43. Kinkakuji
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
symbol used to write a morpheme
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

44. Aesthetics believed
sense of the mysterious and sublime
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
animism

45. 2 Archaeological periods
3rd Shogun
animism
the way of the bow and arrow
Jomon - Yayoi

46. Ahikaga period
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

47. Yoritomo
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
general and first shogun of Japan
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting

48. okashi
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
amusing

49. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

50. Tengu
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
compiler of the Manyoshu
divine decrees- laws
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests