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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. kotodama
belief in the spirit of words
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

2. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

3. nori
divine decrees- laws
sympathy for the lieutenant
Manyoshu
Meiji Period (1868-1912)

4. minority peoples within Japan
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
3rd Shogun

5. hinin
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Death - childbirth - blood
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
Non persons

6. yumiya no narai
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
the way of the bow and arrow
refined elegance
divine decrees- laws

7. foxes
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

8. Haniwa figures
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans

9. Katagana is used to write...
pollution
symbol used to write a morpheme
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

10. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
melancholy at the transience of things
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
sense of the mysterious and sublime

11. Yoritomo
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
general and first shogun of Japan
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

12. Genres of tales
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
8th shogun
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

13. Taiho Code
no
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
control the weather - linked to water
animism

14. Shobogenzo
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

15. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

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16. hagiography
valiant warrior and romantic hero
government and worshipping
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

17. okashi
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Pure Land and Zen
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
amusing

18. Tengu
control the weather - linked to water
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

19. Concepts in the Nihon Ryoiki
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
divine decrees- laws

20. mappo
no
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

21. Shoen
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

22. yamato-e
amusing
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
3rd Shogun

23. No drama
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
Warring States period
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting

24. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
control the weather - linked to water
Jomon - Yayoi
Death - childbirth - blood

25. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
3rd Shogun
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
general and first shogun of Japan

26. Tale of the Heiki
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

27. 2 Archaeological periods
Fujiwara
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Jomon - Yayoi
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

28. innovations of Yamato Period
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

29. eta
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
King of Paekche
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
general and first shogun of Japan

30. Kamakura Period
compiler of the Manyoshu
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

31. 3 things that cause pollution
Fujiwara
Death - childbirth - blood
sense of the mysterious and sublime
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate

32. Elements of Japanese language standardization
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Pure Land and Zen
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

33. Ugetsu director
Mizoguchi Kenji
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
King of Paekche
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

34. mono no aware
control the weather - linked to water
melancholy at the transience of things
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Warring States period

35. Innovations of the Yayoi period
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
divine decrees- laws
Death - childbirth - blood

36. Ise Shrine is dedicated to
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Soga Family

37. matsuri
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
control the weather - linked to water
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
government and worshipping

38. Aesthetics believed
government and worshipping
symbol used to write a morpheme
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

39. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
3rd Shogun
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
belief in the spirit of words

40. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
sympathy for the lieutenant
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
8th shogun

41. Ahikaga period
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Death - childbirth - blood

42. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
government and worshipping
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
the way of the bow and arrow

43. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
sympathy for the lieutenant

44. Kenmu restoration
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

45. Japan's first anthology of poetry
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
Manyoshu
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

46. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
no

47. Shinto is a form of
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
animism
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

48. dragons' abilities
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
belief in the spirit of words
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
control the weather - linked to water

49. Muso Soseki
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
divine decrees- laws
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
compiler of the Manyoshu

50. Japanese was standardized during
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
government and worshipping
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state