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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. makura kotoba
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
general and first shogun of Japan
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

2. miyabi
Mizoguchi Kenji
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
refined elegance
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra

3. eta
belief in the spirit of words
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
Mizoguchi Kenji
Jomon - Yayoi

4. Muso Soseki
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
belief in the spirit of words
sense of the mysterious and sublime
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

5. hogan biiji
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
animism
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
sympathy for the lieutenant

6. innovations of Yamato Period
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

7. hinin
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Non persons

8. kotodama
Death - childbirth - blood
compiler of the Manyoshu
belief in the spirit of words
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

9. Creation myth

10. Kenmu restoration
pollution
inflections and function words
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

11. Ugetsu setting
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Warring States period
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

12. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
no
animism
refined elegance
pollution

13. Shobogenzo
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Pure Land and Zen
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

14. Haniwa figures
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

15. Shinto myth texts
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
Jomon - Yayoi
divine decrees- laws

16. Logograph
symbol used to write a morpheme
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

17. Taiho Code
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
animism
inflections and function words

18. Kakinomoto Hitormaro
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
belief in the spirit of words
the way of the bow and arrow
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

19. Yoritomo
general and first shogun of Japan
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

20. Onin War
compiler of the Manyoshu
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

21. Ahikaga period
Warring States period
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

22. mappo
belief in the spirit of words
Soga Family
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

23. hagiography
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
amusing
Death - childbirth - blood
Non persons

24. Who introduced Buddhism
King of Paekche
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

25. Japanese was standardized during
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
belief in the spirit of words
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

26. yamato-e
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
no
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

27. Katagana is used to write...
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words

28. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
refined elegance
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

29. Pure Land Buddhism

30. minority peoples within Japan
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

31. 2 Archaeological periods
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Jomon - Yayoi
King of Paekche
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

32. Shinto is a form of
animism
valiant warrior and romantic hero
no
pollution

33. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China

34. manyogana
the way of the bow and arrow
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words

35. Ugetsu director
Mizoguchi Kenji
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

36. dragons' abilities
control the weather - linked to water
the way of the bow and arrow
Warring States period
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography

37. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
amusing

38. Benkei
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
divine decrees- laws

39. Elements of Japanese language standardization
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
sympathy for the lieutenant
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
King of Paekche

40. Shoen
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
control the weather - linked to water
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

41. Ise Shrine is dedicated to
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
the way of the bow and arrow
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
sympathy for the lieutenant

42. yumiya no narai
compiler of the Manyoshu
the way of the bow and arrow
King of Paekche
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

43. Ahikaga Takauji
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
melancholy at the transience of things

44. Hiragana is used to write...
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
inflections and function words
divine decrees- laws
Jomon - Yayoi

45. nori
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
divine decrees- laws

46. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
3rd Shogun
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
government and worshipping

47. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
3rd Shogun
the way of the bow and arrow

48. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
general and first shogun of Japan

49. Heian period associated with a fear of
pollution
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

50. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
sympathy for the lieutenant
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth