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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Benkei
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
animism

2. Hiragana is used to write...
inflections and function words
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

3. matsuri
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
government and worshipping
pollution

4. eta
no
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

5. mappo
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
compiler of the Manyoshu

6. 2 Archaeological periods
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Jomon - Yayoi
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

7. Zen Buddhism
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
general and first shogun of Japan
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

8. Kenmu restoration
inflections and function words
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
pollution
valiant warrior and romantic hero

9. Kami
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

10. miyabi
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
refined elegance
Mizoguchi Kenji
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

11. foxes
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Manyoshu
Meiji Period (1868-1912)

12. mono no aware
compiler of the Manyoshu
melancholy at the transience of things
Mizoguchi Kenji
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

13. Ugetsu director
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Mizoguchi Kenji
melancholy at the transience of things
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

14. Muso Soseki
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

15. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
3rd Shogun
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

16. Haniwa figures
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
inflections and function words
Mizoguchi Kenji

17. Pure Land Buddhism

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18. 3 things that cause pollution
Death - childbirth - blood
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

19. Tale of the Heiki
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
no
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

20. dragons' abilities
control the weather - linked to water
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

21. Elements of Japanese language standardization
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
King of Paekche

22. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
refined elegance
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

23. Katagana is used to write...
Fujiwara
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
pollution

24. Otomo Yakamochi
compiler of the Manyoshu
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Soga Family
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

25. kotodama
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
belief in the spirit of words
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

26. minority peoples within Japan
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
control the weather - linked to water

27. Heian period prominent aristocratic family
melancholy at the transience of things
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Fujiwara
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother

28. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
no

29. Japan's first anthology of poetry
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
animism
Manyoshu
3rd Shogun

30. hinin
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Non persons
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

31. yamato-e
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Warring States period
sense of the mysterious and sublime
government and worshipping

32. Tengu
animism
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

33. Ahikaga period
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
amusing
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

34. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
3rd Shogun
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Pure Land and Zen
symbol used to write a morpheme

35. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
symbol used to write a morpheme
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

36. Japanese was standardized during
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
government and worshipping
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

37. okashi
Soga Family
no
amusing
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China

38. Innovations of the Yayoi period
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
control the weather - linked to water
Mizoguchi Kenji

39. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
the way of the bow and arrow

40. yumiya no narai
animism
Soga Family
the way of the bow and arrow
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

41. innovations of Yamato Period
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
sense of the mysterious and sublime
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

42. Genres of tales
3rd Shogun
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

43. Taiho Code
Warring States period
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine

44. nori
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
divine decrees- laws
Soga Family
compiler of the Manyoshu

45. Shoen
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words

46. Onin War
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
pollution
Pure Land and Zen

47. Kinkakuji
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Mizoguchi Kenji
valiant warrior and romantic hero

48. Logograph
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Soga Family
symbol used to write a morpheme

49. Yamanoue Okura
amusing
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Jomon - Yayoi

50. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

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