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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Genres of tales
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

2. Elements of Japanese language standardization
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
divine decrees- laws

3. yamato-e
compiler of the Manyoshu
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

4. Kenmu restoration
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
refined elegance

5. 2 Archaeological periods
Soga Family
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Jomon - Yayoi

6. Who introduced Buddhism
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
pollution
King of Paekche
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

7. Concepts in the Nihon Ryoiki
divine decrees- laws
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

8. Otomo Yakamochi
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
compiler of the Manyoshu
the way of the bow and arrow

9. Benkei
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
8th shogun
belief in the spirit of words
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

10. Ise Shrine is dedicated to
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
8th shogun
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

11. dragons' abilities
control the weather - linked to water
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
refined elegance
3rd Shogun

12. Katagana is used to write...
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
belief in the spirit of words
amusing
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

13. Kinkakuji
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
animism
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

14. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
Death - childbirth - blood
sympathy for the lieutenant
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

15. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Manyoshu
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

16. Haniwa figures
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
King of Paekche

17. Tale of the Heiki
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
symbol used to write a morpheme
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

18. makura kotoba
melancholy at the transience of things
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
control the weather - linked to water
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

19. innovations of Yamato Period
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Meiji Period (1868-1912)

20. foxes
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Pure Land and Zen
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

21. Ugetsu director
refined elegance
Jomon - Yayoi
Mizoguchi Kenji
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

22. Onin War
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
King of Paekche
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

23. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

24. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Pure Land and Zen

25. Innovations of the Yayoi period
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Pure Land and Zen
government and worshipping
sense of the mysterious and sublime

26. Ahikaga period
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Jomon - Yayoi

27. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Soga Family
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Manyoshu

28. Heian period prominent aristocratic family
Fujiwara
sympathy for the lieutenant
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

29. mappo
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Pure Land and Zen

30. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
sense of the mysterious and sublime
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

31. Muso Soseki
8th shogun
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes

32. Pure Land Buddhism

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33. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Non persons
Pure Land and Zen

34. No drama
inflections and function words
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting

35. Ugetsu setting
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Warring States period

36. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

37. Japan's first anthology of poetry
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Manyoshu
sympathy for the lieutenant

38. Shoen
compiler of the Manyoshu
pollution
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

39. Kamakura Period
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
government and worshipping

40. Aesthetics believed
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
government and worshipping
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants

41. Yugen
government and worshipping
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
sense of the mysterious and sublime
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery

42. Ahikaga Takauji
symbol used to write a morpheme
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography

43. Kakinomoto Hitormaro
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
Mizoguchi Kenji
refined elegance
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

44. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
3rd Shogun
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
inflections and function words

45. Tengu
compiler of the Manyoshu
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

46. hinin
Non persons
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
animism

47. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
valiant warrior and romantic hero
divine decrees- laws
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

48. Kami
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
3rd Shogun
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

49. matsuri
government and worshipping
Pure Land and Zen
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

50. hogan biiji
sympathy for the lieutenant
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
King of Paekche