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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
refined elegance
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

2. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
Soga Family
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
pollution

3. eta
control the weather - linked to water
amusing
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
the way of the bow and arrow

4. Genres of tales
Soga Family
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

5. Kami
symbol used to write a morpheme
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

6. Haniwa figures
Death - childbirth - blood
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

7. innovations of Yamato Period
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
refined elegance
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra

8. Kakinomoto Hitormaro
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

9. No drama
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China

10. Kenmu restoration
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

11. Taiho Code
Jomon - Yayoi
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
8th shogun

12. Heian period prominent aristocratic family
Fujiwara
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'

13. Yoshitsune
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
the way of the bow and arrow
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu

14. miyabi
refined elegance
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests

15. mono no aware
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
melancholy at the transience of things
inflections and function words

16. foxes
general and first shogun of Japan
Death - childbirth - blood
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons

17. okashi
amusing
belief in the spirit of words
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography

18. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

19. matsuri
Mizoguchi Kenji
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
government and worshipping
Soga Family

20. Shobogenzo
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
melancholy at the transience of things
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

21. manyogana
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
Jomon - Yayoi
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

22. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
no
Pure Land and Zen

23. Pure Land Buddhism

24. Shinto myth texts
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

25. mappo
8th shogun
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
symbol used to write a morpheme
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

26. Ahikaga Takauji
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother

27. Kinkakuji
sympathy for the lieutenant
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu

28. yamato-e
melancholy at the transience of things
3rd Shogun
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

29. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
amusing
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
sense of the mysterious and sublime
valiant warrior and romantic hero

30. Shinto is a form of
8th shogun
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
animism

31. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Pure Land and Zen
8th shogun
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate

32. Tale of the Heiki
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

33. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
8th shogun
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

34. Kamakura Period
sense of the mysterious and sublime
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
symbol used to write a morpheme
belief in the spirit of words

35. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Pure Land and Zen

36. Heian period associated with a fear of
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
animism
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
pollution

37. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
government and worshipping
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

38. Ahikaga period
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
government and worshipping
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

39. Yamanoue Okura
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
8th shogun

40. Ugetsu director
general and first shogun of Japan
Mizoguchi Kenji
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

41. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Manyoshu
3rd Shogun

42. Yoritomo
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
general and first shogun of Japan
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

43. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
animism
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

44. Logograph
symbol used to write a morpheme
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

45. Sumie
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

46. minority peoples within Japan
Non persons
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Jomon - Yayoi

47. Ise Shrine is dedicated to
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

48. 2 Archaeological periods
Jomon - Yayoi
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
divine decrees- laws
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

49. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
Non persons
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
belief in the spirit of words
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

50. Tengu
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Jomon - Yayoi
Mizoguchi Kenji
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)