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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Soga Family
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

2. Sumie
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

3. yamato-e
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
3rd Shogun
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

4. 2 Archaeological periods
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Jomon - Yayoi
Fujiwara
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

5. Kenmu restoration
melancholy at the transience of things
divine decrees- laws
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo

6. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

7. Genres of tales
Fujiwara
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Jomon - Yayoi

8. Shinto is a form of
animism
Jomon - Yayoi
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
symbol used to write a morpheme

9. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China

10. nori
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
divine decrees- laws
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

11. Elements of Japanese language standardization
Non persons
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

12. Shoen
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Manyoshu
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

13. Tale of the Heiki
3rd Shogun
sympathy for the lieutenant
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Pure Land and Zen

14. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

15. Yoritomo
Mizoguchi Kenji
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
the way of the bow and arrow
general and first shogun of Japan

16. Onin War
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

17. Haniwa figures
Soga Family
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
3rd Shogun
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

18. Hiragana is used to write...
inflections and function words
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
3rd Shogun

19. kotodama
Non persons
8th shogun
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
belief in the spirit of words

20. hogan biiji
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
general and first shogun of Japan
animism
sympathy for the lieutenant

21. hinin
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Non persons

22. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
belief in the spirit of words
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu

23. foxes
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons

24. Kinkakuji
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
divine decrees- laws
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control

25. Taiho Code
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

26. miyabi
Warring States period
refined elegance
the way of the bow and arrow
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

27. Ugetsu director
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Mizoguchi Kenji
pollution
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

28. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
sympathy for the lieutenant
safe journey - return - long imperial reign

29. hagiography
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
compiler of the Manyoshu
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

30. Shinto myth texts
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

31. Tengu
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Non persons
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments

32. Zen Buddhism
government and worshipping
King of Paekche
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra

33. Who introduced Buddhism
King of Paekche
reliance on Amida - salvation available for all - 'Essentials of Salvation'
Manyoshu
sense of the mysterious and sublime

34. Ahikaga Takauji
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
no

35. Katagana is used to write...
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

36. innovations of Yamato Period
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
Pure Land and Zen
Fujiwara

37. Ise Shrine is dedicated to
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

38. Japanese was standardized during
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
the way of the bow and arrow

39. Heian period associated with a fear of
Fujiwara
pollution
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting

40. Yoshitsune
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
valiant warrior and romantic hero
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

41. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
Warring States period
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Pure Land and Zen

42. 3 things that cause pollution
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Death - childbirth - blood

43. Yamanoue Okura
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
8th shogun
animism

44. Kamakura Period
symbol used to write a morpheme
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

45. Prince Shotoku accomplisments
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity

46. Muso Soseki
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery

47. Japan's first anthology of poetry
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Manyoshu
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

48. Logograph
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
symbol used to write a morpheme

49. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
3rd Shogun
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
sympathy for the lieutenant

50. Creation myth