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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Kenmu restoration
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Manyoshu
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

2. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
8th shogun
inflections and function words
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

3. Yoritomo
general and first shogun of Japan
amusing
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

4. hagiography
Non persons
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Warring States period

5. Taiho Code
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

6. Tengu
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

7. mono no aware
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Death - childbirth - blood
melancholy at the transience of things
Soga Family

8. Shoen
Fujiwara
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period
belief in the spirit of words
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography

9. Heian period associated with a fear of
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Soga Family
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
pollution

10. okashi
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
amusing
sense of the mysterious and sublime
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs

11. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
no
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
control the weather - linked to water
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

12. Benkei
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
King of Paekche

13. Elements of Japanese language standardization
animism
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

14. Yugen
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
sense of the mysterious and sublime
the way of the bow and arrow
Manyoshu

15. Logograph
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
symbol used to write a morpheme
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Meiji Period (1868-1912)

16. Kinkakuji
belief in the spirit of words
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

17. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
3rd Shogun
government and worshipping
general and first shogun of Japan
Fujiwara

18. Aesthetics believed
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
refined elegance
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

19. 2 Archaeological periods
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Jomon - Yayoi

20. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
divine decrees- laws
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state

21. Genres of tales
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
pollution
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families

22. Otomo Yakamochi
no
belief in the spirit of words
compiler of the Manyoshu
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined

23. Muso Soseki
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
symbol used to write a morpheme
refined elegance

24. Heian Period Aesthetics writing/art styles
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
animism
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

25. hinin
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Non persons
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
Fujiwara

26. minority peoples within Japan
Manyoshu
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
valiant warrior and romantic hero

27. 3 things that cause pollution
Death - childbirth - blood
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
no

28. manyogana
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
pollution
Manyoshu
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words

29. No drama
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
government and worshipping
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

30. Kami
Fujiwara
Soga Family
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

31. Creation myth

32. two new major sects of Buddhism during the Kamakura period
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
Pure Land and Zen

33. Shobogenzo
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Fujiwara
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
Izanami and Izanagi give birth to the Japanese islands and then Amaterasu is born from Izanagi's ablutions

34. eta
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
control the weather - linked to water
Pure Land and Zen
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

35. Kakinomoto Hitormaro
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

36. Ahikaga Takauji
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
Warring States period
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

37. kotodama is reflected by wishing for...
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
divine decrees- laws

38. Ugetsu setting
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Warring States period
divine decrees- laws
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites

39. Sumie
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song

40. Concepts in the Nihon Ryoiki
symbol used to write a morpheme
Non persons
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

41. Ise Shrine is dedicated to
compiler of the Manyoshu
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
8th shogun
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother

42. makura kotoba
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

43. Shinto myth texts
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Manyoshu

44. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Zen ink brush painting introduced to Japan through Southern Song
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
animism

45. matsuri
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
government and worshipping
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

46. Japanese was standardized during
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
refined elegance
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Meiji Period (1868-1912)

47. kotodama
belief in the spirit of words
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

48. Haniwa figures
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
government and worshipping

49. Yoshitsune
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
pollution
valiant warrior and romantic hero
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu

50. hogan biiji
Jomon - Yayoi
sympathy for the lieutenant
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting