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Japanese Culture

Subject : culture

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Shoen
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

2. Elements of Japanese language standardization
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
belief in the spirit of words

3. What are the classifications of Gellner's model of culture in agrarian societies?
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
belief in the spirit of words
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
8th shogun

4. Izumo shrine is dedicated to

5. Tale of the Heiki
Fujiwara
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

6. Japanese was standardized during
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Death - childbirth - blood
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
divine decrees- laws

7. Kakinomoto Hitormaro
Mizoguchi Kenji
melancholy at the transience of things
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

8. What is the Constitution of 17 Articles?
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought
Soga Family
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals

9. Kenmu restoration
divine decrees- laws
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

10. Logograph
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
amusing
symbol used to write a morpheme

11. hagiography
King of Paekche
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
the way of the bow and arrow
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures

12. minority peoples within Japan
Mizoguchi Kenji
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
Ainu (Hokkaido) - Okinawans (Okinawa) - Koreans
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence

13. eta
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
Those dealing in death (executioners - butchers - leathermakers etc)

14. Aesthetics believed
melancholy at the transience of things
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
Animals that were associated with possessing humans/being demons
symbol used to write a morpheme

15. Pure Land Buddhism

16. kotodama
safe journey - return - long imperial reign
belief in the spirit of words
Literate Elites- rulers - powerful clans; intermediate- specialist producers; peasants
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

17. nori
Death - childbirth - blood
sense of the mysterious and sublime
divine decrees- laws
devoted retainer to Yoshitsune

18. Genres of tales
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
King of Paekche
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
compiler of the Manyoshu

19. Haniwa figures
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
attendant stand-ins within Keyhole tombs
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality

20. Japan's first anthology of poetry
deity or awe-inspiring spirit
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
Warring States period
Manyoshu

21. Ahikaga period
sense of the mysterious and sublime
Soga Family
Created gardens as contemplative spaces
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate

22. Hiragana is used to write...
Gold pavilion in Kyoto constructed by Yoshimitsu
the study of saints/holy peoples/figures
Garden maker who Takauji based his style off - used stone and rock to represent vast landscapes
inflections and function words

23. Why is the Ise Shrine rebuilt every 20 years?
Brief restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Godaigo
Death - childbirth - blood
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

24. No drama
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
belief in the spirit of words
tax free estates that grew in number during the Heian period

25. innovations of Yamato Period
large tombs - horses - contact with Korea - government and religion joined
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology
King of Paekche
Warring States period

26. mappo
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
Created gardens as contemplative spaces

27. makura kotoba
general and first shogun of Japan
animism
3rd Shogun
set epithets that heighten the resonance of certain images by linking them to previous poems and contexts

28. Kamakura Period
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan

29. Zen Buddhism
general and first shogun of Japan
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra

30. Who introduced Buddhism
Pure Land and Zen
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
King of Paekche
government and worshipping

31. Ahikaga Yoshimitsu
3rd Shogun
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control
1338-1573 following the collapse of the Kamakura Shogunate
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother

32. is the Izumo shrine rebuilt?
no
Okuninushi- son of Susano-o the Sun Goddess' brother
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting

33. manyogana
8th shogun
compulsory education - elimination of the class system - unification of written and spoken Japanese based on upper-middle class Tokyoites
using Chinese characters to represent Japanese sounds/words
Jomon - Yayoi

34. Ugetsu director
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Fujiwara
Mizoguchi Kenji
Okashi - Miyabi - mono no aware - e-maki - Yamato-e

35. Shobogenzo
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
inflections and function words
belief in the spirit of words
Philosophical discourses designed to train the mind escape conventional modes of thought

36. Creation myth

37. Shinto is a form of
animism
followed Chinese model asserting the ruler as supreme authority of the land - did not adopt the concept of mandate of heaven - stipulated Confucian ideals
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Soga Family

38. How are the Mongol invasion attempts defeated?
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
foreign words - mimetic words - and scientific words
Jomon - Yayoi
symbol used to write a morpheme

39. dragons' abilities
control the weather - linked to water
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
sympathy for the lieutenant

40. Who were the early adopters of Buddhism?
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
Soga Family
Haunts - Humor - Buddhism/Supernatural - healing and spirituality
decline of Buddhist law leading to the end of the world

41. 4 Main islands (north -> south)
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
8th shogun
modeled after Tang China that sought to limit the increasing power of influential families
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon

42. Ashikaga Yoshimassa
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
8th shogun
Fujiwara

43. Four Noble Truths of Buddhism
valiant warrior and romantic hero
inflections and function words
Death - childbirth - blood
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth

44. yumiya no narai
Theater performed by male actors including simple musical accompaniment in the form of drums - flutes - and chanting
Japanese style painting with outlines and color pigments
sympathy for the lieutenant
the way of the bow and arrow

45. Kami
1. Life is full of sorrow 2. the cause of this sorrow is desire 3. the only way to break this cycle is to free oneself from desire 4. the way to accomplish this is through the eightfold pasth
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
Founded by Dogen following the study of Chan Buddhism in China - breaking down conventional modes of perception and reasoning - Heart Sutra
deity or awe-inspiring spirit

46. Innovations of the Yayoi period
Hokkaido - Honshu - Shikoku - Kyushu
decay of materials - affirmation of life and death cycles - expression of authority of the state
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
amusing

47. mono no aware
Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) in the inner shrine and Foodstuffs God (Toyouke) in the outer shrine
melancholy at the transience of things
Mizoguchi Kenji
two attempts by Kublai Khan and the Mongols to invade Japan

48. Yamanoue Okura
1st- destroyed by a typhoon - 2nd- defeated by Japanese forces and a typhoon
agriculture and wet-rice cultivation - bronze and iron tools - weaving - pottery
poet of Korean ancestry and wrote social criticism of China
court poet and most beloved poet of the anthology

49. Shinto myth texts
Death - childbirth - blood
tells the story of the late Heian civil war between the Taira/Heiki clan and the Minamoto/Genji clan
Served as regent - advocate of Buddhism/founded Horyuji Temple - constitution of 17 articles - Hagiography
Kojiki and Nihon Shoki

50. Tengu
essence of the spirit of the poems is that of makoto sincerity
possessors of magic items - supernatural duel-form monk figures who are fond of testing the mettle of Buddhist priests
Rokudo (the six paths) - infiltration by bodhisattvas Kanon and Jizo - transcendence
Civil war during the Ashikaga period caused by unrest due to loss of control of shoen estates with local constables seizing control