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Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.
New York Times v. United States
Time Inc. v. Firestone
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Jurisdiction
2. In an invasion of privacy tort - an action that characterizes a person falsely. Often the person is misrepresented by quoting out of context - the careless use of photos or cutlines - or by using a picture from one story as a picture for another.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
False light
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
3. Undercover efforts by news organizations could be prosecuted not for defamation - but possibly for things like breach of duty or loyalty.
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Certiorari
4. Civil cases when the amount in dispute is less than $25 -000
Summary judgment
Felonies
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
Tickets
5. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Wilson v. Layne
Fair comment
6. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.
Defenses of libel
Galella v. Onassis
Amicus curiae
Tickets
7. Failure to obey an order made by the court
Sixth amendmen
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
False light
Civil contempt
8. There is a First amendment right of access to trials
9. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.
Summary judgment
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
10. Reconfirmed that you cannot censor news media and its coverage unless theirs a clear and present danger.
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
Adjudication
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
11. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
Actual malice
Gannett v. DePasquale
12. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Morse v. Frederick
Herbert v. Lando
Precedent
13. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.
14. Prevents ISPs from liability except on copyright.
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Dendrite v. John Does
Galella v. Onassis
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
15. Lowest court handles: Tickets - civil matter - Misdemeanor - Felonies
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
District Court
16. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote
Defenses of libel
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
Fourteenth amendment
17. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Civil contempt
Fair comment
18. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.
Evening News Association v. Troy
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Branzburg v. Hayes
19. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
Shepherd v. Maxwell
False light
20. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Public figure
Miami Herald Co. v. Tornillo
5 Areas of privacy
21. What is shot in public place is fine - but if there is intrusion on physical solitude it is not protected.
Wilson v. Layne
Sixth amendmen
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
22. Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency - 2. Intrusion on physical solitude - 3. False light - 4. Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit - 5. Right to publicity
5 Areas of privacy
Dendrite v. John Does
New York Times v. United States
6th - cincinnati OH
23. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.
Booth Newspapers v. City of Kalamazoo
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
24. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.
Evening News Association v. Troy
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Galella v. Onassis
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
25. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Time Inc. v. Hill
Libel Per Se
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
26. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses
Shepherd v. Maxwell
False light
Defenses of libel
Tickets
27. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl
Injunction
Defamation
Certiorari
MCLA 750.520k
28. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Right to publicity
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Gannett v. DePasquale
29. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss
Right to publicity
Actual Damages
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
30. Words that may be innocent on face - but facts make story damaging
Libel Perquod
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Right to publicity
31. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.
Morse v. Frederick
Freedom of Information Act
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Right to publicity
32. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
WXYZ v. Hand
33. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.
Gannett v. DePasquale
Intrusion on physical solitude
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
34. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.
False light
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
35. When you have a private figure plaintiff - even though state standards controls - if it's a matter of public concern - the burden of proof shifts from the defendant who no longer has to prove truth - to the plaintiff who has to prove falsity of what
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
Tickets
New York Times v. Sullivan
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
36. If you get the information from outside sources - you can publish it. MCL 750.520k does not constitute an unlawful prior restraint on publication. Rather - the statute directs that the court file be withheld from the public
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Preliminary hearing
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
37. Reading of the charges against a person
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Arraignment
38. in an invasion of privacy tort - an action which occurs when an individual's expectation of privacy or right to be left alone is breached. EX. A reporter lies about his identity to gain access to information they couldn't under normal conditions.
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Tasini v. NYT
Intrusion on physical solitude
U.S. v. Dickinson
39. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______
False light
Branzburg v. Hayes
Libel
Herbert v. Lando
40. First Amendment protects even false statements about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity. (actual malice)
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
New York Times v. Sullivan
Sixth amendmen
41. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail
Preliminary hearing
Felonies
Right to publicity
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
42. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
False light
Freedom of Information Act
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
43. This protects the media from liability of defamatory statements made during official proceedings. The published story must be a fair and accurate account of what happened.
Libel
Defenses of libel
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Qualified privilege
44. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.
Amicus curiae
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Miami Herald Co. v. Tornillo
Doctrine of neutral reportage
45. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Herbert v. Lando
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
46. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
Amicus curiae
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Pearson v. Dodd
47. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315
Tickets
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Morse v. Frederick
48. If you knowingly run ads that advocate criminal activity - you can be held liable. Got off on the first case - but on the second case they should have known better.
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Irreparable harm
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
49. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Morse v. Frederick
Time Inc. v. Hill
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
50. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Amicus curiae
Doctrine of neutral reportage