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Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'






2. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.






3. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






4. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.






5. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






6. Criminal matters anything less than a year in jail






7. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.






8. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.






9. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.






10. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.






11. The media must make sure that permission is acquired in commercial situations.






12. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating an educational purpose.






13. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures






14. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.






15. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____






16. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay






17. The right of an individual to a speedy trial by an impartial jury - to be informed of the changes against them - to confront witnesses - the right to have compulsory proceedings to obtain witnesses in their favor - and the right to have assistance of






18. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.






19. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.






20. Harm done which the law cannot remedy.






21. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.






22. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315






23. The press has no greater constitutional right to access penal facilities than any member of the general public






24. Undercover efforts by news organizations could be prosecuted not for defamation - but possibly for things like breach of duty or loyalty.






25. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.






26. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.






27. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit






28. Minor errors do not count as actual malice.






29. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments






30. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.






31. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.






32. A court order preventing a person or group from doing or continuing to do a specific act.






33. A published article must be so inaccurate that it will have more of an effect on the reader than the literal truth would.






34. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote






35. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages






36. Published work of copyrighted material is a violation and isn't protected under Section 107 as 'fair use.'






37. In an invasion of privacy tort - an action that characterizes a person falsely. Often the person is misrepresented by quoting out of context - the careless use of photos or cutlines - or by using a picture from one story as a picture for another.






38. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage






39. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.






40. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.






41. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.






42. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.






43. Motions for summary judgment is applicable if the publication is not private facts and is newsworthy.






44. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.






45. Words that may be innocent on face - but facts make story damaging






46. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






47. Reconfirmed that you cannot censor news media and its coverage unless theirs a clear and present danger.






48. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.






49. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.






50. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss







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