Test your basic knowledge |

Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






2. Reconfirmed that you cannot censor news media and its coverage unless theirs a clear and present danger.






3. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages






4. First Amendment protects even false statements about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity. (actual malice)






5. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.






6. Newspaper must have known material falsity - material falsity became standard of proof in Michigan.






7. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.






8. Failure to obey an order made by the court






9. Motions for summary judgment is applicable if the publication is not private facts and is newsworthy.






10. When you have a private figure plaintiff - even though state standards controls - if it's a matter of public concern - the burden of proof shifts from the defendant who no longer has to prove truth - to the plaintiff who has to prove falsity of what






11. The declaration of a final judgment based on the evidence presented






12. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments






13. Prevents ISPs from liability except on copyright.






14. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.






15. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.






16. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.






17. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.






18. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.






19. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.

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20. Plaintiffs are not entitled to an order unmasking an anonymous author when the statements in question cannot support a cause of action for defamation.






21. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.






22. in an invasion of privacy tort - an action which occurs when an individual's expectation of privacy or right to be left alone is breached. EX. A reporter lies about his identity to gain access to information they couldn't under normal conditions.






23. Published work of copyrighted material is a violation and isn't protected under Section 107 as 'fair use.'






24. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.






25. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.






26. Under FOIA - personell records may be released - subject to 'appropriate redactions.'






27. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






28. Civil cases when the amount in dispute is less than $25 -000






29. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.






30. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote






31. If you get the information from outside sources - you can publish it. MCL 750.520k does not constitute an unlawful prior restraint on publication. Rather - the statute directs that the court file be withheld from the public






32. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.






33. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.






34. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay






35. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses






36. Private members of society are not required by the First Amendment to meet the 'actual malice' standard in order to recover damage.

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37. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation






38. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.






39. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______






40. Harm done which the law cannot remedy.






41. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.






42. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






43. (Privacy) Ex. Kim Kardashian's sex tape






44. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.






45. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.






46. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.






47. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial






48. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating an educational purpose.






49. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.






50. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail