Test your basic knowledge |

Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.






2. Minor errors do not count as actual malice.






3. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss






4. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.






5. Reading of the charges against a person






6. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.






7. Guarantees people the right to be secure in their homes and property against unreasonable searches and seizures. Also protects against the issuance of a warrant without probable cause.






8. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.






9. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses






10. Lowest court handles: Tickets - civil matter - Misdemeanor - Felonies






11. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.






12. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures






13. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail






14. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages






15. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage






16. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl






17. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.






18. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.






19. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.






20. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit






21. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.






22. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.






23. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation






24. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






25. Words that may be innocent on face - but facts make story damaging






26. (Privacy) Ex. Kim Kardashian's sex tape






27. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.






28. Civil cases when the amount in dispute is less than $25 -000






29. First Amendment protects media to report information from official records available in open court.






30. There is liability even if the news organization reports both sides - if the sources are not credible.






31. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit






32. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.






33. Newspaper must have known material falsity - material falsity became standard of proof in Michigan.






34. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.






35. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.






36. There is a First amendment right of access to trials

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37. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






38. Damages presumed - Falsely accusing someone of a crime - Statements concerning race or political belief - Damaging someone in their business - Ex. calling brain surgeon 'butterfingers'






39. Private members of society are not required by the First Amendment to meet the 'actual malice' standard in order to recover damage.

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40. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.






41. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.






42. Friend of the court.






43. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.






44. Failure to obey an order made by the court






45. A court order preventing a person or group from doing or continuing to do a specific act.






46. Incidental use of someone's image cold be an invasion of privacy or defamation.






47. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote






48. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation






49. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






50. This protects the media from liability of defamatory statements made during official proceedings. The published story must be a fair and accurate account of what happened.