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Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments






2. Compensatory damages are a proper remedy to avoid the injustice under a promissory estoppel claim.






3. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl






4. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.






5. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation






6. Plaintiffs are not entitled to an order unmasking an anonymous author when the statements in question cannot support a cause of action for defamation.






7. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.

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8. The power of authority of a particular court to hear and adjudicate matters in dispute






9. When you have a private figure plaintiff - even though state standards controls - if it's a matter of public concern - the burden of proof shifts from the defendant who no longer has to prove truth - to the plaintiff who has to prove falsity of what






10. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures






11. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages






12. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






13. If you knowingly run ads that advocate criminal activity - you can be held liable. Got off on the first case - but on the second case they should have known better.






14. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






15. A published article must be so inaccurate that it will have more of an effect on the reader than the literal truth would.






16. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.






17. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.






18. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.






19. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses






20. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.






21. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation






22. A court order preventing a person or group from doing or continuing to do a specific act.






23. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315






24. Private members of society are not required by the First Amendment to meet the 'actual malice' standard in order to recover damage.

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25. The government cannot censor. In order to exercise prior restraint - the Government must show sufficient evidence that the publication would cause a 'grave and irreparable' danger.






26. Under the language of the statute - these media representatives are not subject to an investigative subpoena.






27. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit






28. To claim exemption for investigative records - they must show how disclosure would interfere with proceedings. The burden of proof is on the party claiming exemption.






29. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.






30. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.






31. (Privacy) Ex. Kim Kardashian's sex tape






32. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss






33. Permission given by SCOTUS to allow a case to be appealed






34. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay






35. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.






36. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






37. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.






38. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.






39. Civil cases when the amount in dispute is less than $25 -000






40. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.






41. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____






42. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.






43. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.






44. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too






45. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






46. Lowest court handles: Tickets - civil matter - Misdemeanor - Felonies






47. Series of pre trail hearings: court created devices to weed out inadmissible evidence prior to trial. Often determine bargaining of prosecution and defendant to come up with plea bargain. Most cases are ended with plea bargain and don't go to trial.






48. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.






49. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.






50. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.