SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Tickets
Any civil matter
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
2. When you have a private figure plaintiff - even though state standards controls - if it's a matter of public concern - the burden of proof shifts from the defendant who no longer has to prove truth - to the plaintiff who has to prove falsity of what
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
Precedent
Misdemeanor
Fourteenth amendment
3. In Michigan - booking photos are available to the public.
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Fair comment
Certiorari
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
4. A judgment made by the court before or during a trial. This judgment is in repsonse to a motion by the plaintiff or defendant - who claims there is not enough evidence or there is no dispute that the information given is fact.
Defenses of libel
Circuit Court
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Summary judgment
5. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.
Pearson v. Dodd
Time Inc. v. Firestone
Morse v. Frederick
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
6. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Adjudication
7. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Clark v. ABC
False light
Right to publicity
8. Permission given by SCOTUS to allow a case to be appealed
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Certiorari
In re Times Publishing Co.
Fourth amendment
9. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.
Right to publicity
Time Inc. v. Firestone
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
State News v. Michigan State University
10. Motions for summary judgment is applicable if the publication is not private facts and is newsworthy.
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
Right to publicity
11. In Michigan - there's an absolute right of public to be present during jury selection.
U.S. v. Dickinson
False light
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Jurisdiction
12. Series of pre trail hearings: court created devices to weed out inadmissible evidence prior to trial. Often determine bargaining of prosecution and defendant to come up with plea bargain. Most cases are ended with plea bargain and don't go to trial.
Freedom of Information Act
Gannett v. DePasquale
Private figure
Circuit Court
13. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Public figure
Snepp v. United States
New York Times v. United States
14. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.
Kincaid v. Gibson
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Gag order
15. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
Libel
Libel Perquod
16. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating an educational purpose.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
6th - cincinnati OH
Gannett v. DePasquale
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
17. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.
Freedom of Information Act
Irreparable harm
False light
Gertz v. Welch
18. Undercover efforts by news organizations could be prosecuted not for defamation - but possibly for things like breach of duty or loyalty.
Circuit Court
Freedom of information act
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
19. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages
Shepherd v. Maxwell
District Court
5 Elements of libel
Alander
20. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.
MCLA 750.520k
First amendment
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Gag order
21. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Pearson v. Dodd
MCLA 750.520k
22. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
23. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.
Right to publicity
Felonies
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
24. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
False light
Pretiral hearing
District Court
25. Prevents ISPs from liability except on copyright.
Dendrite v. John Does
Rouch 2
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
26. Journalists and citizens must first obey court orders first before seeking appeal - even if they believe the order is unconstitutional
U.S. v. Dickinson
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Qualified privilege
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
27. Michigan court trials have to remain open. Parts can be closed - but never all of the trial. M.C.L.A 750.520k only applies to pre-trial hearings.
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Misdemeanor
28. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
Intrusion on physical solitude
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
29. (Privacy) Ex. Kim Kardashian's sex tape
Gannett v. DePasquale
Libel Perquod
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
30. Plaintiffs are not entitled to an order unmasking an anonymous author when the statements in question cannot support a cause of action for defamation.
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
31. hearing where the judge decides whether or not there is sufficient evidence to prove a crime. In michigan - takes place in district court
Preliminary hearing
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Tickets
Defamation
32. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses
Defenses of libel
Freedom of information act
Actual malice
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
33. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Rouch 1
Snepp v. United States
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
34. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Time Inc. v. Pape
Pretiral hearing
35. Under the language of the statute - these media representatives are not subject to an investigative subpoena.
Precedent
District Court
Freedom of Information Act
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
36. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
Freedom of Information Act
37. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.
Miami Herald Co. v. Tornillo
Fair comment
Tasini v. NYT
Defamation
38. Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency - 2. Intrusion on physical solitude - 3. False light - 4. Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit - 5. Right to publicity
False light
5 Areas of privacy
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Adjudication
39. Reading of the charges against a person
Arraignment
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Clark v. ABC
40. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.
Pearson v. Dodd
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Rouch 1
41. Guarantees people the right to be secure in their homes and property against unreasonable searches and seizures. Also protects against the issuance of a warrant without probable cause.
Summary judgment
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
Fourth amendment
Preliminary hearing
42. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Gannett v. DePasquale
Fourteenth amendment
MCLA 750.520k
43. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.
Private figure
False light
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
WXYZ v. Hand
44. The right of an individual to a speedy trial by an impartial jury - to be informed of the changes against them - to confront witnesses - the right to have compulsory proceedings to obtain witnesses in their favor - and the right to have assistance of
Felonies
Freedom of Information Act
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Sixth amendmen
45. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.
Amicus curiae
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Freedom of information act
Alander
46. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.
False light
Evening News Association v. Troy
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
47. The media must make sure that permission is acquired in commercial situations.
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Branzburg v. Hayes
Snepp v. United States
Jurisdiction
48. If you knowingly run ads that advocate criminal activity - you can be held liable. Got off on the first case - but on the second case they should have known better.
Gag order
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
49. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
U.S. v. Dickinson
Pearson v. Dodd
50. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments
WXYZ v. Hand
False light
Any civil matter
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company