Test your basic knowledge |

Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.






2. Compensatory damages are a proper remedy to avoid the injustice under a promissory estoppel claim.






3. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.






4. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.






5. Newspaper must have known material falsity - material falsity became standard of proof in Michigan.






6. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments






7. hearing where the judge decides whether or not there is sufficient evidence to prove a crime. In michigan - takes place in district court






8. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.






9. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.






10. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.






11. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.






12. The media must make sure that permission is acquired in commercial situations.






13. What is shot in public place is fine - but if there is intrusion on physical solitude it is not protected.






14. Criminal matters anything less than a year in jail






15. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.






16. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.






17. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.






18. If you knowingly run ads that advocate criminal activity - you can be held liable. Got off on the first case - but on the second case they should have known better.






19. Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency - 2. Intrusion on physical solitude - 3. False light - 4. Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit - 5. Right to publicity






20. Any communication - true or false - which exposes a person to hatred - ridicule or contempt. the person's reputation is harmed or damaged






21. Guarantees people the right to be secure in their homes and property against unreasonable searches and seizures. Also protects against the issuance of a warrant without probable cause.






22. Words that may be innocent on face - but facts make story damaging






23. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.






24. To claim exemption for investigative records - they must show how disclosure would interfere with proceedings. The burden of proof is on the party claiming exemption.






25. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating an educational purpose.






26. Only in Massachusetts - you can close a preliminary hearing if the case is a sexual assault case.






27. Undercover efforts by news organizations could be prosecuted not for defamation - but possibly for things like breach of duty or loyalty.






28. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation






29. The press has no greater constitutional right to access penal facilities than any member of the general public






30. A published article must be so inaccurate that it will have more of an effect on the reader than the literal truth would.






31. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay






32. Protects all 'persons' from deprivation of life - liberty or property without due process of law.






33. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.






34. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.






35. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.






36. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages






37. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.






38. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






39. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.






40. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.






41. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.






42. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.






43. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.






44. Under the language of the statute - these media representatives are not subject to an investigative subpoena.






45. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.






46. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.






47. A judgment made by the court before or during a trial. This judgment is in repsonse to a motion by the plaintiff or defendant - who claims there is not enough evidence or there is no dispute that the information given is fact.






48. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial






49. Permission given by SCOTUS to allow a case to be appealed






50. in an invasion of privacy tort - an action which occurs when an individual's expectation of privacy or right to be left alone is breached. EX. A reporter lies about his identity to gain access to information they couldn't under normal conditions.