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Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.
First amendment
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Freedom of Information Act
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
2. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay
Gertz v. Welch
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
False light
Gannett v. DePasquale
3. What is shot in public place is fine - but if there is intrusion on physical solitude it is not protected.
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Public figure
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
4. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages
District Court
False light
5 Elements of libel
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
5. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Intrusion on physical solitude
Jurisdiction
Defenses of libel
6. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Circuit Court
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
7. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.
Summary judgment
Intrusion on physical solitude
Freedom of Information Act
Injunction
8. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
In re Times Publishing Co.
Pearson v. Dodd
Freedom of information act
9. Damages presumed - Falsely accusing someone of a crime - Statements concerning race or political belief - Damaging someone in their business - Ex. calling brain surgeon 'butterfingers'
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
Libel Per Se
10. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______
False light
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Morse v. Frederick
Alander
11. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.
Booth Newspapers v. City of Kalamazoo
Kincaid v. Gibson
Rouch 1
Libel Perquod
12. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.
Circuit Court
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
Fair comment
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
13. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.
Tasini v. NYT
5 Elements of libel
Kincaid v. Gibson
Rouch 1
14. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.
Public figure
Any civil matter
Rouch 1
False light
15. A court order preventing a person or group from doing or continuing to do a specific act.
Rouch 2
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
Injunction
16. Published work of copyrighted material is a violation and isn't protected under Section 107 as 'fair use.'
Gag order
Rouch 1
Herbert v. Lando
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
17. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
Florida Star v. B.J.F
False light
Time Inc. v. Firestone
18. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
WXYZ v. Hand
Amicus curiae
Public figure
19. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.
Preliminary hearing
Sixth amendmen
Time Inc. v. Hill
Defamation
20. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.
Fourth amendment
Wilson v. Layne
Morse v. Frederick
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
21. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315
False light
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Wilson v. Layne
22. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Freedom of information act
Summary judgment
Gannett v. DePasquale
23. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage
Dendrite v. John Does
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
24. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.
Fair comment
State News v. Michigan State University
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
False light
25. Under FOIA - personell records may be released - subject to 'appropriate redactions.'
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
Dendrite v. John Does
Actual Damages
Alander
26. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
False light
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
27. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____
6th - cincinnati OH
Snepp v. United States
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
New York Times v. United States
28. There is a First amendment right of access to trials
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29. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Summary judgment
Shepherd v. Maxwell
30. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
Time Inc. v. Hill
Defenses of libel
31. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.
Precedent
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
Summary judgment
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
32. Friend of the court.
Irreparable harm
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
Amicus curiae
Gannett v. DePasquale
33. The right of an individual to a speedy trial by an impartial jury - to be informed of the changes against them - to confront witnesses - the right to have compulsory proceedings to obtain witnesses in their favor - and the right to have assistance of
False light
Clark v. ABC
Sixth amendmen
Actual malice
34. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail
Felonies
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Libel
Misdemeanor
35. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.
Tickets
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Qualified privilege
36. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
WXYZ v. Hand
Morse v. Frederick
37. To claim exemption for investigative records - they must show how disclosure would interfere with proceedings. The burden of proof is on the party claiming exemption.
Gannett v. DePasquale
Evening News Association v. Troy
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
38. In an invasion of privacy tort - an action that characterizes a person falsely. Often the person is misrepresented by quoting out of context - the careless use of photos or cutlines - or by using a picture from one story as a picture for another.
Rouch 1
6th - cincinnati OH
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
False light
39. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
First amendment
Qualified privilege
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
40. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Booth Newspapers v. City of Kalamazoo
41. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.
False light
Branzburg v. Hayes
Sixth amendmen
Intrusion on physical solitude
42. Newspaper must have known material falsity - material falsity became standard of proof in Michigan.
District Court
Sixth amendmen
Jurisdiction
Rouch 2
43. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Summary judgment
Snepp v. United States
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
44. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity
Actual malice
Irreparable harm
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Tasini v. NYT
45. Protects all 'persons' from deprivation of life - liberty or property without due process of law.
Fourteenth amendment
Dendrite v. John Does
Public figure
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
46. There is liability even if the news organization reports both sides - if the sources are not credible.
Time Inc. v. Hill
Arraignment
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
47. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.
Rouch 1
Gannett v. DePasquale
Certiorari
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
48. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.
In re Times Publishing Co.
Certiorari
Preliminary hearing
Amicus curiae
49. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Actual malice
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Precedent
50. Minor errors do not count as actual malice.
Time Inc. v. Pape
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Alander
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