Test your basic knowledge |

Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The press has no greater constitutional right to access penal facilities than any member of the general public






2. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.






3. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.






4. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.






5. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit






6. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.






7. in an invasion of privacy tort - an action which occurs when an individual's expectation of privacy or right to be left alone is breached. EX. A reporter lies about his identity to gain access to information they couldn't under normal conditions.






8. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.






9. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation






10. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.






11. A judgment made by the court before or during a trial. This judgment is in repsonse to a motion by the plaintiff or defendant - who claims there is not enough evidence or there is no dispute that the information given is fact.






12. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.






13. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.






14. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.






15. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.






16. Michigan court trials have to remain open. Parts can be closed - but never all of the trial. M.C.L.A 750.520k only applies to pre-trial hearings.






17. A published article must be so inaccurate that it will have more of an effect on the reader than the literal truth would.






18. Reconfirmed that you cannot censor news media and its coverage unless theirs a clear and present danger.






19. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.






20. There is a First amendment right of access to trials

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21. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.






22. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.






23. Federal if between two states (although try to get it back to states) - telecommunications - crossing state lines - anything violating state law






24. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit






25. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.






26. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.






27. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






28. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too






29. Undercover efforts by news organizations could be prosecuted not for defamation - but possibly for things like breach of duty or loyalty.






30. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






31. Newspaper must have known material falsity - material falsity became standard of proof in Michigan.






32. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements






33. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






34. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments






35. Civil cases when the amount in dispute is less than $25 -000






36. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.






37. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.






38. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.






39. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.






40. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.






41. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.






42. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.

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43. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.






44. Criminal matters anything less than a year in jail






45. Under FOIA - personell records may be released - subject to 'appropriate redactions.'






46. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.






47. If you knowingly run ads that advocate criminal activity - you can be held liable. Got off on the first case - but on the second case they should have known better.






48. Reading of the charges against a person






49. Friend of the court.






50. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.