Test your basic knowledge |

Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






2. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit






3. 3rd party has no obligation to notify media when there's been a government subpoena of phone records. Also includes any form of electronic communication.






4. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'






5. When you have a private figure plaintiff - even though state standards controls - if it's a matter of public concern - the burden of proof shifts from the defendant who no longer has to prove truth - to the plaintiff who has to prove falsity of what






6. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.






7. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.






8. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____






9. There is a First amendment right of access to trials


10. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.






11. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






12. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






13. Lowest court handles: Tickets - civil matter - Misdemeanor - Felonies






14. Protects all 'persons' from deprivation of life - liberty or property without due process of law.






15. Guarantees people the right to be secure in their homes and property against unreasonable searches and seizures. Also protects against the issuance of a warrant without probable cause.






16. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl






17. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315






18. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.






19. Motions for summary judgment is applicable if the publication is not private facts and is newsworthy.






20. Private members of society are not required by the First Amendment to meet the 'actual malice' standard in order to recover damage.


21. Damages presumed - Falsely accusing someone of a crime - Statements concerning race or political belief - Damaging someone in their business - Ex. calling brain surgeon 'butterfingers'






22. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.






23. A published article must be so inaccurate that it will have more of an effect on the reader than the literal truth would.






24. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements






25. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.






26. In Michigan - booking photos are available to the public.






27. First Amendment protects even false statements about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity. (actual malice)






28. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation






29. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






30. (Privacy) Ex. Kim Kardashian's sex tape






31. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.






32. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.






33. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.






34. In Michigan - there's an absolute right of public to be present during jury selection.






35. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages






36. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.






37. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.






38. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.






39. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.






40. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments






41. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail






42. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.






43. in an invasion of privacy tort - an action which occurs when an individual's expectation of privacy or right to be left alone is breached. EX. A reporter lies about his identity to gain access to information they couldn't under normal conditions.






44. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.






45. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.


46. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.






47. A court order preventing a person or group from doing or continuing to do a specific act.






48. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.






49. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______






50. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses