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Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.
Right to publicity
New York Times v. United States
In re Times Publishing Co.
Morse v. Frederick
2. A judgment made by the court before or during a trial. This judgment is in repsonse to a motion by the plaintiff or defendant - who claims there is not enough evidence or there is no dispute that the information given is fact.
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
Intrusion on physical solitude
Summary judgment
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
3. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Precedent
4. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
State News v. Michigan State University
Precedent
Any civil matter
5. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.
Tickets
Snepp v. United States
Wilson v. Layne
Alander
6. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.
Fourteenth amendment
Actual malice
Intrusion on physical solitude
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
7. Newspaper must have known material falsity - material falsity became standard of proof in Michigan.
Rouch 2
State News v. Michigan State University
Pearson v. Dodd
Shepherd v. Maxwell
8. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.
Clark v. ABC
Herbert v. Lando
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Defenses of libel
9. This protects the media from liability of defamatory statements made during official proceedings. The published story must be a fair and accurate account of what happened.
Qualified privilege
Tickets
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
10. hearing where the judge decides whether or not there is sufficient evidence to prove a crime. In michigan - takes place in district court
6th - cincinnati OH
Preliminary hearing
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Alander
11. If you get the information from outside sources - you can publish it. MCL 750.520k does not constitute an unlawful prior restraint on publication. Rather - the statute directs that the court file be withheld from the public
Wilson v. Layne
Certiorari
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
Libel Perquod
12. Friend of the court.
Amicus curiae
Actual malice
Private figure
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
13. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
Right to publicity
New York Times v. Sullivan
5 Elements of libel
14. There is liability even if the news organization reports both sides - if the sources are not credible.
Miami Herald Co. v. Tornillo
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
Libel Per Se
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
15. Under FOIA - personell records may be released - subject to 'appropriate redactions.'
Certiorari
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Preliminary hearing
16. Reconfirmed that you cannot censor news media and its coverage unless theirs a clear and present danger.
Galella v. Onassis
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
Tickets
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
17. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
Pretiral hearing
Herbert v. Lando
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
18. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses
Defenses of libel
District Court
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
19. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Morse v. Frederick
U.S. v. Dickinson
Arraignment
20. When you have a private figure plaintiff - even though state standards controls - if it's a matter of public concern - the burden of proof shifts from the defendant who no longer has to prove truth - to the plaintiff who has to prove falsity of what
Sixth amendmen
Intrusion on physical solitude
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
21. What is shot in public place is fine - but if there is intrusion on physical solitude it is not protected.
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
22. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
State News v. Michigan State University
Pearson v. Dodd
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
23. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.
Rouch 2
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Snepp v. United States
Gertz v. Welch
24. To claim exemption for investigative records - they must show how disclosure would interfere with proceedings. The burden of proof is on the party claiming exemption.
Preliminary hearing
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
Fourteenth amendment
Evening News Association v. Troy
25. Damages presumed - Falsely accusing someone of a crime - Statements concerning race or political belief - Damaging someone in their business - Ex. calling brain surgeon 'butterfingers'
Libel Per Se
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
26. The government cannot censor. In order to exercise prior restraint - the Government must show sufficient evidence that the publication would cause a 'grave and irreparable' danger.
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
New York Times v. United States
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
27. Civil cases when the amount in dispute is less than $25 -000
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Tickets
Freedom of Information Act
28. 3rd party has no obligation to notify media when there's been a government subpoena of phone records. Also includes any form of electronic communication.
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
Snepp v. United States
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
29. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
Rouch 2
In re Times Publishing Co.
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
30. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.
Galella v. Onassis
Freedom of Information Act
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
31. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Florida Star v. B.J.F
In re Times Publishing Co.
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
32. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Actual malice
Gag order
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
33. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.
5 Elements of libel
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Freedom of Information Act
Miami Herald Co. v. Tornillo
34. A constructive trust is a proper manner of relinquishing the profits of one who abuses a confidential position.
Rouch 1
Adjudication
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Snepp v. United States
35. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too
Public figure
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Any civil matter
36. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl
Dendrite v. John Does
MCLA 750.520k
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Fair comment
37. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.
Time Inc. v. Hill
5 Elements of libel
False light
Right to publicity
38. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'
Intrusion on physical solitude
Snepp v. United States
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
MCLA 750.520k
39. Compensatory damages are a proper remedy to avoid the injustice under a promissory estoppel claim.
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Intrusion on physical solitude
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
40. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.
Fourth amendment
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
Tasini v. NYT
41. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.
Rouch 2
Branzburg v. Hayes
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
Jurisdiction
42. Plaintiffs are not entitled to an order unmasking an anonymous author when the statements in question cannot support a cause of action for defamation.
Any civil matter
5 Elements of libel
New York Times v. United States
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
43. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.
District Court
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
44. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments
False light
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
WXYZ v. Hand
Alander
45. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
Pearson v. Dodd
Defenses of libel
Dendrite v. John Does
Shepherd v. Maxwell
46. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.
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47. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating an educational purpose.
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Libel Per Se
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
48. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements
Right to publicity
Actual Damages
New York Times v. Sullivan
Adjudication
49. The press has no greater constitutional right to access penal facilities than any member of the general public
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Circuit Court
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
50. Incidental use of someone's image cold be an invasion of privacy or defamation.
New York Times v. Sullivan
Clark v. ABC
Adjudication
In re Times Publishing Co.