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Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
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Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.
Galella v. Onassis
Right to publicity
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Miami Herald Co. v. Tornillo
2. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Time Inc. v. Firestone
District Court
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
3. There is liability even if the news organization reports both sides - if the sources are not credible.
Herbert v. Lando
Clark v. ABC
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
Summary judgment
4. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
5. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.
Precedent
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Libel Perquod
6. In an invasion of privacy tort - an action that characterizes a person falsely. Often the person is misrepresented by quoting out of context - the careless use of photos or cutlines - or by using a picture from one story as a picture for another.
Freedom of Information Act
False light
Clark v. ABC
Rouch 2
7. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
False light
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
8. The right of an individual to a speedy trial by an impartial jury - to be informed of the changes against them - to confront witnesses - the right to have compulsory proceedings to obtain witnesses in their favor - and the right to have assistance of
Tickets
Sixth amendmen
Adjudication
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
9. Incidental use of someone's image cold be an invasion of privacy or defamation.
5 Elements of libel
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Clark v. ABC
10. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.
In re Times Publishing Co.
Irreparable harm
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
McCracken v. Evening News Association
11. Journalists and citizens must first obey court orders first before seeking appeal - even if they believe the order is unconstitutional
Pearson v. Dodd
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
Rouch 1
U.S. v. Dickinson
12. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.
First amendment
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
Private figure
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
13. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Florida Star v. B.J.F
McCracken v. Evening News Association
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
14. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.
Precedent
Wilson v. Layne
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Defenses of libel
15. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
16. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.
Freedom of information act
Private figure
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
17. Motions for summary judgment is applicable if the publication is not private facts and is newsworthy.
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
18. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Public figure
Dendrite v. John Does
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
19. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Clark v. ABC
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
Tickets
20. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.
Irreparable harm
Right to publicity
Amicus curiae
State News v. Michigan State University
21. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
Amicus curiae
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
22. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Rouch 1
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
Galella v. Onassis
23. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Galella v. Onassis
24. Reconfirmed that you cannot censor news media and its coverage unless theirs a clear and present danger.
Snepp v. United States
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
Time Inc. v. Pape
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
25. If you get the information from outside sources - you can publish it. MCL 750.520k does not constitute an unlawful prior restraint on publication. Rather - the statute directs that the court file be withheld from the public
McCracken v. Evening News Association
False light
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
26. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
Irreparable harm
Injunction
Intrusion on physical solitude
Pearson v. Dodd
27. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.
Herbert v. Lando
Snepp v. United States
Libel
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
28. A published article must be so inaccurate that it will have more of an effect on the reader than the literal truth would.
Adjudication
District Court
Gag order
McCracken v. Evening News Association
29. In Michigan - booking photos are available to the public.
Rouch 2
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
30. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)
Defamation
Civil contempt
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Time Inc. v. Pape
31. 3rd party has no obligation to notify media when there's been a government subpoena of phone records. Also includes any form of electronic communication.
False light
Tickets
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
32. Permission given by SCOTUS to allow a case to be appealed
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
Gertz v. Welch
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Certiorari
33. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.
Fair comment
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
34. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit
False light
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
Public figure
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
35. Guarantees people the right to be secure in their homes and property against unreasonable searches and seizures. Also protects against the issuance of a warrant without probable cause.
Pearson v. Dodd
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Fourth amendment
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
36. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Right to publicity
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Alander
37. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'
Private figure
U.S. v. Dickinson
False light
Intrusion on physical solitude
38. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Intrusion on physical solitude
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
District Court
39. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
False light
Misdemeanor
WXYZ v. Hand
40. Federal if between two states (although try to get it back to states) - telecommunications - crossing state lines - anything violating state law
District Court
Pretiral hearing
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
New York Times v. Sullivan
41. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______
False light
Tasini v. NYT
Gannett v. DePasquale
District Court
42. Newspaper must have known material falsity - material falsity became standard of proof in Michigan.
Circuit Court
Rouch 2
Morse v. Frederick
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
43. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____
Amicus curiae
Gag order
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
6th - cincinnati OH
44. Damages presumed - Falsely accusing someone of a crime - Statements concerning race or political belief - Damaging someone in their business - Ex. calling brain surgeon 'butterfingers'
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Libel Per Se
New York Times v. Sullivan
45. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.
Certiorari
Tickets
Preliminary hearing
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
46. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Galella v. Onassis
Any civil matter
Libel Per Se
47. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial
Gertz v. Welch
Clark v. ABC
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Pretiral hearing
48. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit
Pearson v. Dodd
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Right to publicity
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
49. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Private figure
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
Branzburg v. Hayes
50. The government cannot censor. In order to exercise prior restraint - the Government must show sufficient evidence that the publication would cause a 'grave and irreparable' danger.
New York Times v. United States
Gag order
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
6th - cincinnati OH
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