Test your basic knowledge |

Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.






2. Only in Massachusetts - you can close a preliminary hearing if the case is a sexual assault case.






3. Under FOIA - personell records may be released - subject to 'appropriate redactions.'






4. Civil cases when the amount in dispute is less than $25 -000






5. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.






6. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.






7. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures






8. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.






9. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.






10. Harm done which the law cannot remedy.






11. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.






12. 3rd party has no obligation to notify media when there's been a government subpoena of phone records. Also includes any form of electronic communication.






13. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.

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14. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.






15. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit






16. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.






17. Compensatory damages are a proper remedy to avoid the injustice under a promissory estoppel claim.






18. Incidental use of someone's image cold be an invasion of privacy or defamation.






19. Federal if between two states (although try to get it back to states) - telecommunications - crossing state lines - anything violating state law






20. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.






21. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay






22. In an invasion of privacy tort - an action that characterizes a person falsely. Often the person is misrepresented by quoting out of context - the careless use of photos or cutlines - or by using a picture from one story as a picture for another.






23. First Amendment protects even false statements about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity. (actual malice)






24. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






25. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.






26. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail






27. Permission given by SCOTUS to allow a case to be appealed






28. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial






29. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.






30. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






31. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






32. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.






33. Plaintiffs are not entitled to an order unmasking an anonymous author when the statements in question cannot support a cause of action for defamation.






34. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315






35. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.






36. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.






37. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






38. In Michigan - there's an absolute right of public to be present during jury selection.






39. The press has no greater constitutional right to access penal facilities than any member of the general public






40. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.






41. Damages presumed - Falsely accusing someone of a crime - Statements concerning race or political belief - Damaging someone in their business - Ex. calling brain surgeon 'butterfingers'






42. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.






43. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____






44. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation






45. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.






46. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.






47. What is shot in public place is fine - but if there is intrusion on physical solitude it is not protected.






48. The declaration of a final judgment based on the evidence presented






49. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.






50. An order issued by the court to prevent attorneys and witnesses from discussing the case outside the courtroom - or reporters from publishing information obtained during a court proceeding.