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Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.






2. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.






3. A court order preventing a person or group from doing or continuing to do a specific act.






4. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.






5. When you have a private figure plaintiff - even though state standards controls - if it's a matter of public concern - the burden of proof shifts from the defendant who no longer has to prove truth - to the plaintiff who has to prove falsity of what






6. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too






7. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.






8. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.






9. A constructive trust is a proper manner of relinquishing the profits of one who abuses a confidential position.






10. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____






11. Harm done which the law cannot remedy.






12. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.






13. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail






14. The declaration of a final judgment based on the evidence presented






15. Michigan court trials have to remain open. Parts can be closed - but never all of the trial. M.C.L.A 750.520k only applies to pre-trial hearings.






16. Reading of the charges against a person






17. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss






18. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






19. The speech and debate clause only covers members of congress within the halls of congress - not outside of it. I.E. press releases - speeches - etc.






20. 3rd party has no obligation to notify media when there's been a government subpoena of phone records. Also includes any form of electronic communication.






21. Series of pre trail hearings: court created devices to weed out inadmissible evidence prior to trial. Often determine bargaining of prosecution and defendant to come up with plea bargain. Most cases are ended with plea bargain and don't go to trial.






22. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.

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23. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial






24. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.






25. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.






26. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.






27. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.






28. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay






29. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.






30. Any communication - true or false - which exposes a person to hatred - ridicule or contempt. the person's reputation is harmed or damaged






31. Plaintiffs are not entitled to an order unmasking an anonymous author when the statements in question cannot support a cause of action for defamation.






32. Compensatory damages are a proper remedy to avoid the injustice under a promissory estoppel claim.






33. This protects the media from liability of defamatory statements made during official proceedings. The published story must be a fair and accurate account of what happened.






34. Under the language of the statute - these media representatives are not subject to an investigative subpoena.






35. Civil cases when the amount in dispute is less than $25 -000






36. There is a First amendment right of access to trials

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37. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements






38. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.






39. Protects all 'persons' from deprivation of life - liberty or property without due process of law.






40. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.






41. Minor errors do not count as actual malice.






42. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote






43. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______






44. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.






45. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.






46. A judgment made by the court before or during a trial. This judgment is in repsonse to a motion by the plaintiff or defendant - who claims there is not enough evidence or there is no dispute that the information given is fact.






47. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






48. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.






49. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.






50. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage







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