Test your basic knowledge |

Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






2. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.






3. hearing where the judge decides whether or not there is sufficient evidence to prove a crime. In michigan - takes place in district court






4. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.






5. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.






6. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.






7. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too






8. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.






9. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote






10. 3rd party has no obligation to notify media when there's been a government subpoena of phone records. Also includes any form of electronic communication.






11. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements






12. Prevents ISPs from liability except on copyright.






13. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.






14. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.






15. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss






16. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage






17. If you get the information from outside sources - you can publish it. MCL 750.520k does not constitute an unlawful prior restraint on publication. Rather - the statute directs that the court file be withheld from the public






18. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






19. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.






20. Permission given by SCOTUS to allow a case to be appealed






21. An order issued by the court to prevent attorneys and witnesses from discussing the case outside the courtroom - or reporters from publishing information obtained during a court proceeding.






22. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.






23. The power of authority of a particular court to hear and adjudicate matters in dispute






24. Lowest court handles: Tickets - civil matter - Misdemeanor - Felonies






25. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____






26. There is a First amendment right of access to trials


27. In an invasion of privacy tort - an action that characterizes a person falsely. Often the person is misrepresented by quoting out of context - the careless use of photos or cutlines - or by using a picture from one story as a picture for another.






28. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.






29. The speech and debate clause only covers members of congress within the halls of congress - not outside of it. I.E. press releases - speeches - etc.






30. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.






31. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.






32. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay






33. A judgment made by the court before or during a trial. This judgment is in repsonse to a motion by the plaintiff or defendant - who claims there is not enough evidence or there is no dispute that the information given is fact.






34. Guarantees people the right to be secure in their homes and property against unreasonable searches and seizures. Also protects against the issuance of a warrant without probable cause.






35. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail






36. First Amendment protects media to report information from official records available in open court.






37. Protects all 'persons' from deprivation of life - liberty or property without due process of law.






38. Under the language of the statute - these media representatives are not subject to an investigative subpoena.






39. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.






40. When you have a private figure plaintiff - even though state standards controls - if it's a matter of public concern - the burden of proof shifts from the defendant who no longer has to prove truth - to the plaintiff who has to prove falsity of what






41. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures






42. Friend of the court.






43. To claim exemption for investigative records - they must show how disclosure would interfere with proceedings. The burden of proof is on the party claiming exemption.






44. Federal if between two states (although try to get it back to states) - telecommunications - crossing state lines - anything violating state law






45. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.






46. The declaration of a final judgment based on the evidence presented






47. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






48. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______






49. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.






50. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.