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Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






2. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.






3. When you have a private figure plaintiff - even though state standards controls - if it's a matter of public concern - the burden of proof shifts from the defendant who no longer has to prove truth - to the plaintiff who has to prove falsity of what






4. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.






5. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.

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6. Incidental use of someone's image cold be an invasion of privacy or defamation.






7. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.






8. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements






9. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.






10. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl






11. Plaintiffs are not entitled to an order unmasking an anonymous author when the statements in question cannot support a cause of action for defamation.






12. First Amendment protects media to report information from official records available in open court.






13. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.






14. The government cannot censor. In order to exercise prior restraint - the Government must show sufficient evidence that the publication would cause a 'grave and irreparable' danger.






15. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.






16. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures






17. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial






18. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.






19. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.






20. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too






21. Under the language of the statute - these media representatives are not subject to an investigative subpoena.






22. The right of an individual to a speedy trial by an impartial jury - to be informed of the changes against them - to confront witnesses - the right to have compulsory proceedings to obtain witnesses in their favor - and the right to have assistance of






23. A court order preventing a person or group from doing or continuing to do a specific act.






24. There is a First amendment right of access to trials

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25. Undercover efforts by news organizations could be prosecuted not for defamation - but possibly for things like breach of duty or loyalty.






26. To claim exemption for investigative records - they must show how disclosure would interfere with proceedings. The burden of proof is on the party claiming exemption.






27. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'






28. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.






29. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.






30. Friend of the court.






31. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation






32. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.






33. Compensatory damages are a proper remedy to avoid the injustice under a promissory estoppel claim.






34. Series of pre trail hearings: court created devices to weed out inadmissible evidence prior to trial. Often determine bargaining of prosecution and defendant to come up with plea bargain. Most cases are ended with plea bargain and don't go to trial.






35. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit






36. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation






37. The power of authority of a particular court to hear and adjudicate matters in dispute






38. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.






39. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______






40. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail






41. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.






42. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote






43. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.






44. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.






45. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.






46. Motions for summary judgment is applicable if the publication is not private facts and is newsworthy.






47. Prevents ISPs from liability except on copyright.






48. Failure to obey an order made by the court






49. Damages presumed - Falsely accusing someone of a crime - Statements concerning race or political belief - Damaging someone in their business - Ex. calling brain surgeon 'butterfingers'






50. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage