Test your basic knowledge |

Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Criminal matters anything less than a year in jail






2. Motions for summary judgment is applicable if the publication is not private facts and is newsworthy.






3. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.






4. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.






5. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit






6. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.






7. Protects all 'persons' from deprivation of life - liberty or property without due process of law.






8. Only in Massachusetts - you can close a preliminary hearing if the case is a sexual assault case.






9. Minor errors do not count as actual malice.






10. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements






11. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.






12. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.






13. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.






14. The right of an individual to a speedy trial by an impartial jury - to be informed of the changes against them - to confront witnesses - the right to have compulsory proceedings to obtain witnesses in their favor - and the right to have assistance of






15. Journalists and citizens must first obey court orders first before seeking appeal - even if they believe the order is unconstitutional






16. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too






17. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.






18. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






19. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.






20. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.






21. The declaration of a final judgment based on the evidence presented






22. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.






23. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.






24. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.






25. In Michigan - booking photos are available to the public.






26. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.






27. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses






28. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.






29. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.






30. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'






31. Failure to obey an order made by the court






32. Guarantees people the right to be secure in their homes and property against unreasonable searches and seizures. Also protects against the issuance of a warrant without probable cause.






33. Federal if between two states (although try to get it back to states) - telecommunications - crossing state lines - anything violating state law






34. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.






35. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.






36. A constructive trust is a proper manner of relinquishing the profits of one who abuses a confidential position.






37. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss






38. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______






39. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation






40. Undercover efforts by news organizations could be prosecuted not for defamation - but possibly for things like breach of duty or loyalty.






41. In Michigan - there's an absolute right of public to be present during jury selection.






42. First Amendment protects media to report information from official records available in open court.






43. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial






44. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.






45. Published work of copyrighted material is a violation and isn't protected under Section 107 as 'fair use.'






46. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl






47. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.






48. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.






49. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.






50. in an invasion of privacy tort - an action which occurs when an individual's expectation of privacy or right to be left alone is breached. EX. A reporter lies about his identity to gain access to information they couldn't under normal conditions.