Test your basic knowledge |

Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation






2. Any communication - true or false - which exposes a person to hatred - ridicule or contempt. the person's reputation is harmed or damaged






3. A constructive trust is a proper manner of relinquishing the profits of one who abuses a confidential position.






4. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.






5. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






6. To claim exemption for investigative records - they must show how disclosure would interfere with proceedings. The burden of proof is on the party claiming exemption.






7. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.






8. Prevents ISPs from liability except on copyright.






9. The media must make sure that permission is acquired in commercial situations.






10. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.






11. Michigan court trials have to remain open. Parts can be closed - but never all of the trial. M.C.L.A 750.520k only applies to pre-trial hearings.






12. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.






13. in an invasion of privacy tort - an action which occurs when an individual's expectation of privacy or right to be left alone is breached. EX. A reporter lies about his identity to gain access to information they couldn't under normal conditions.






14. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.






15. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit






16. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.






17. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.






18. Published work of copyrighted material is a violation and isn't protected under Section 107 as 'fair use.'






19. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.






20. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.






21. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.






22. Compensatory damages are a proper remedy to avoid the injustice under a promissory estoppel claim.






23. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'






24. Incidental use of someone's image cold be an invasion of privacy or defamation.






25. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






26. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.






27. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.






28. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.






29. A judgment made by the court before or during a trial. This judgment is in repsonse to a motion by the plaintiff or defendant - who claims there is not enough evidence or there is no dispute that the information given is fact.






30. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.






31. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.






32. There is a First amendment right of access to trials

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33. The government cannot censor. In order to exercise prior restraint - the Government must show sufficient evidence that the publication would cause a 'grave and irreparable' danger.






34. The press has no greater constitutional right to access penal facilities than any member of the general public






35. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.






36. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage






37. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.






38. The speech and debate clause only covers members of congress within the halls of congress - not outside of it. I.E. press releases - speeches - etc.






39. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.






40. 3rd party has no obligation to notify media when there's been a government subpoena of phone records. Also includes any form of electronic communication.






41. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____






42. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too






43. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss






44. What is shot in public place is fine - but if there is intrusion on physical solitude it is not protected.






45. Words that may be innocent on face - but facts make story damaging






46. Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency - 2. Intrusion on physical solitude - 3. False light - 4. Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit - 5. Right to publicity






47. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.






48. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.






49. The power of authority of a particular court to hear and adjudicate matters in dispute






50. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.