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Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Only in Massachusetts - you can close a preliminary hearing if the case is a sexual assault case.






2. The speech and debate clause only covers members of congress within the halls of congress - not outside of it. I.E. press releases - speeches - etc.






3. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation






4. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.






5. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.






6. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.






7. Reconfirmed that you cannot censor news media and its coverage unless theirs a clear and present danger.






8. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






9. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.






10. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.






11. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements






12. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.






13. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.






14. What is shot in public place is fine - but if there is intrusion on physical solitude it is not protected.






15. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.






16. 3rd party has no obligation to notify media when there's been a government subpoena of phone records. Also includes any form of electronic communication.






17. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit






18. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.






19. There is a First amendment right of access to trials

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20. Criminal matters anything less than a year in jail






21. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses






22. Protects all 'persons' from deprivation of life - liberty or property without due process of law.






23. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.

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24. Compensatory damages are a proper remedy to avoid the injustice under a promissory estoppel claim.






25. Undercover efforts by news organizations could be prosecuted not for defamation - but possibly for things like breach of duty or loyalty.






26. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.






27. The press has no greater constitutional right to access penal facilities than any member of the general public






28. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.






29. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'






30. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.






31. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage






32. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.






33. Under the language of the statute - these media representatives are not subject to an investigative subpoena.






34. In Michigan - there's an absolute right of public to be present during jury selection.






35. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.






36. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.






37. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






38. Friend of the court.






39. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.






40. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial






41. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.






42. In Michigan - booking photos are available to the public.






43. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.






44. Journalists and citizens must first obey court orders first before seeking appeal - even if they believe the order is unconstitutional






45. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.






46. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.






47. First Amendment protects media to report information from official records available in open court.






48. The power of authority of a particular court to hear and adjudicate matters in dispute






49. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too






50. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.