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Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.






2. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)






3. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating an educational purpose.






4. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.






5. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.






6. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss






7. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.






8. Words that may be innocent on face - but facts make story damaging






9. Any communication - true or false - which exposes a person to hatred - ridicule or contempt. the person's reputation is harmed or damaged






10. A court order preventing a person or group from doing or continuing to do a specific act.






11. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'






12. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.






13. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






14. In Michigan - there's an absolute right of public to be present during jury selection.






15. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






16. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.






17. The speech and debate clause only covers members of congress within the halls of congress - not outside of it. I.E. press releases - speeches - etc.






18. The right of an individual to a speedy trial by an impartial jury - to be informed of the changes against them - to confront witnesses - the right to have compulsory proceedings to obtain witnesses in their favor - and the right to have assistance of






19. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315






20. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation






21. Published work of copyrighted material is a violation and isn't protected under Section 107 as 'fair use.'






22. Reading of the charges against a person






23. If you get the information from outside sources - you can publish it. MCL 750.520k does not constitute an unlawful prior restraint on publication. Rather - the statute directs that the court file be withheld from the public






24. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.






25. Journalists and citizens must first obey court orders first before seeking appeal - even if they believe the order is unconstitutional






26. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






27. First Amendment protects media to report information from official records available in open court.






28. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.






29. Friend of the court.






30. Permission given by SCOTUS to allow a case to be appealed






31. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.

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32. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.






33. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.






34. Under FOIA - personell records may be released - subject to 'appropriate redactions.'






35. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses






36. There is liability even if the news organization reports both sides - if the sources are not credible.






37. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.






38. There is a First amendment right of access to trials

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39. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage






40. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.






41. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages






42. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.






43. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.






44. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.






45. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.






46. The declaration of a final judgment based on the evidence presented






47. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.






48. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.






49. In Michigan - booking photos are available to the public.






50. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.







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