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Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Actual malice
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
2. Harm done which the law cannot remedy.
Irreparable harm
Injunction
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
Rouch 1
3. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
Tickets
Pearson v. Dodd
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
Shepherd v. Maxwell
4. In an invasion of privacy tort - an action that characterizes a person falsely. Often the person is misrepresented by quoting out of context - the careless use of photos or cutlines - or by using a picture from one story as a picture for another.
WXYZ v. Hand
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
False light
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
5. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
Freedom of Information Act
Summary judgment
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
6. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Misdemeanor
Adjudication
7. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.
Time Inc. v. Hill
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Defamation
Time Inc. v. Firestone
8. Minor errors do not count as actual malice.
Time Inc. v. Pape
Any civil matter
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Libel
9. The media must make sure that permission is acquired in commercial situations.
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Evening News Association v. Troy
10. There is liability even if the news organization reports both sides - if the sources are not credible.
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Private figure
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
11. Prevents ISPs from liability except on copyright.
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
Dendrite v. John Does
12. Protects all 'persons' from deprivation of life - liberty or property without due process of law.
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Actual Damages
District Court
Fourteenth amendment
13. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
State News v. Michigan State University
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
14. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Civil contempt
MCLA 750.520k
15. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Dendrite v. John Does
Intrusion on physical solitude
Florida Star v. B.J.F
16. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____
Kincaid v. Gibson
Rouch 2
Freedom of information act
6th - cincinnati OH
17. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.
18. First Amendment protects even false statements about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity. (actual malice)
Galella v. Onassis
Irreparable harm
Kincaid v. Gibson
New York Times v. Sullivan
19. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.
Libel Per Se
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
20. The declaration of a final judgment based on the evidence presented
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
Actual Damages
New York Times v. Sullivan
Adjudication
21. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too
False light
Any civil matter
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
22. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
Arraignment
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
23. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Morse v. Frederick
Any civil matter
24. Criminal matters anything less than a year in jail
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Misdemeanor
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
25. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______
False light
Alander
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Shepherd v. Maxwell
26. An order issued by the court to prevent attorneys and witnesses from discussing the case outside the courtroom - or reporters from publishing information obtained during a court proceeding.
Libel
Gag order
Pretiral hearing
District Court
27. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Fourteenth amendment
Injunction
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
28. Under the language of the statute - these media representatives are not subject to an investigative subpoena.
Branzburg v. Hayes
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
Right to publicity
Right to publicity
29. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.
Arraignment
MCLA 750.520k
State News v. Michigan State University
Public figure
30. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
Morse v. Frederick
Libel
Public figure
31. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.
In re Times Publishing Co.
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
32. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.
First amendment
Libel
Libel Per Se
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
33. For the purpose of defamation - a person who does not have regular - continuing access to the media - or on matters of public controversy. These individuals have a lesser burden of proof under most state libel laws.
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Rouch 2
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Private figure
34. Motions for summary judgment is applicable if the publication is not private facts and is newsworthy.
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
6th - cincinnati OH
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
35. Series of pre trail hearings: court created devices to weed out inadmissible evidence prior to trial. Often determine bargaining of prosecution and defendant to come up with plea bargain. Most cases are ended with plea bargain and don't go to trial.
Circuit Court
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
Defamation
Wilson v. Layne
36. Failure to obey an order made by the court
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
Civil contempt
Alander
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
37. Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency - 2. Intrusion on physical solitude - 3. False light - 4. Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit - 5. Right to publicity
Certiorari
Qualified privilege
5 Areas of privacy
Preliminary hearing
38. Permission given by SCOTUS to allow a case to be appealed
Certiorari
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Branzburg v. Hayes
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
39. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.
Time Inc. v. Hill
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Rouch 1
District Court
40. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
U.S. v. Dickinson
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
5 Elements of libel
41. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.
Time Inc. v. Hill
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Libel
U.S. v. Dickinson
42. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail
Actual malice
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
Felonies
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
43. Reading of the charges against a person
Arraignment
Tasini v. NYT
Wilson v. Layne
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
44. Federal if between two states (although try to get it back to states) - telecommunications - crossing state lines - anything violating state law
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
District Court
False light
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
45. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments
WXYZ v. Hand
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
In re Times Publishing Co.
State News v. Michigan State University
46. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote
U.S. v. Dickinson
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
Actual Damages
47. The power of authority of a particular court to hear and adjudicate matters in dispute
Rouch 1
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
Wilson v. Layne
Jurisdiction
48. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit
5 Areas of privacy
Preliminary hearing
Gannett v. DePasquale
Right to publicity
49. Lowest court handles: Tickets - civil matter - Misdemeanor - Felonies
Gag order
District Court
Actual Damages
Certiorari
50. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.
Injunction
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency