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Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Miami Herald Co. v. Tornillo
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Precedent
2. Minor errors do not count as actual malice.
Time Inc. v. Pape
Pearson v. Dodd
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Actual malice
3. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss
Tickets
State News v. Michigan State University
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Actual Damages
4. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.
Civil contempt
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Wilson v. Layne
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
5. Reading of the charges against a person
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
Arraignment
Tickets
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
6. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.
Gannett v. DePasquale
Certiorari
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
First amendment
7. Guarantees people the right to be secure in their homes and property against unreasonable searches and seizures. Also protects against the issuance of a warrant without probable cause.
Fourth amendment
Arraignment
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
8. Reporters have no greater rights than any other citizen - there is no reporter shield from grand jury testifying. If you're attempting to harass - then reporters are protected and do not have to testify.
Branzburg v. Hayes
Freedom of Information Act
Fair comment
Time Inc. v. Hill
9. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses
Defenses of libel
Wilson v. Layne
First amendment
Intrusion on physical solitude
10. Lowest court handles: Tickets - civil matter - Misdemeanor - Felonies
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
District Court
Kincaid v. Gibson
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
11. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
12. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures
Actual malice
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Summary judgment
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
13. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Felonies
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
14. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages
Galella v. Onassis
5 Elements of libel
Morse v. Frederick
New York Times v. Sullivan
15. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
Galella v. Onassis
16. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl
Actual Damages
MCLA 750.520k
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
17. No liability for publishing information that was lawfully obtained.
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Fourteenth amendment
Public figure
Snepp v. United States
18. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.
Dendrite v. John Does
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
19. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.
Freedom of Information Act
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Rouch 1
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
20. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
New York Times v. Sullivan
Public figure
Libel Per Se
21. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Pearson v. Dodd
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Wilson v. Layne
22. US Supreme court allows inquiry into a reporters state of mind when making decisions about what to include and what not to include.
Herbert v. Lando
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Misdemeanor
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
23. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Libel
U.S. v. Dickinson
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
24. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity
Time Inc. v. Firestone
Libel Per Se
Misdemeanor
Actual malice
25. Words that may be innocent on face - but facts make story damaging
New York Times v. United States
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
Libel Perquod
26. (Privacy) Ex. Kim Kardashian's sex tape
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
Pretiral hearing
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
27. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.
Alander
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
28. Civil cases when the amount in dispute is less than $25 -000
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Tickets
Galella v. Onassis
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
29. First Amendment protects media to report information from official records available in open court.
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
30. There is liability even if the news organization reports both sides - if the sources are not credible.
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Misdemeanor
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
31. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit
District Court
Right to publicity
Misdemeanor
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
32. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.
District Court
District Court
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Dendrite v. John Does
33. Newspaper must have known material falsity - material falsity became standard of proof in Michigan.
Tasini v. NYT
Rouch 2
Gag order
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
34. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.
Libel Perquod
Fourth amendment
Shepherd v. Maxwell
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
35. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
Morse v. Frederick
Tasini v. NYT
36. There is a First amendment right of access to trials
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37. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Alander
Qualified privilege
Preliminary hearing
38. Damages presumed - Falsely accusing someone of a crime - Statements concerning race or political belief - Damaging someone in their business - Ex. calling brain surgeon 'butterfingers'
Fourteenth amendment
New York Times v. Sullivan
Libel Per Se
Freedom of information act
39. Private members of society are not required by the First Amendment to meet the 'actual malice' standard in order to recover damage.
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40. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.
In re Times Publishing Co.
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
Gertz v. Welch
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
41. No absolute right of access to members of the media. Can be restricted within reason.
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Defamation
Galella v. Onassis
Time Inc. v. Firestone
42. Friend of the court.
Sixth amendmen
District Court
Amicus curiae
Pearson v. Dodd
43. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
Precedent
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
Private figure
44. Failure to obey an order made by the court
Intrusion on physical solitude
Civil contempt
Fourteenth amendment
Alander
45. A court order preventing a person or group from doing or continuing to do a specific act.
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Injunction
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
46. Incidental use of someone's image cold be an invasion of privacy or defamation.
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Clark v. ABC
5 Areas of privacy
47. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Herbert v. Lando
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
48. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation
Alander
Herbert v. Lando
U.S. v. Dickinson
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
49. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
Kincaid v. Gibson
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
50. This protects the media from liability of defamatory statements made during official proceedings. The published story must be a fair and accurate account of what happened.
Precedent
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Qualified privilege
Intrusion on physical solitude