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Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. First Amendment protects even false statements about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity. (actual malice)
Summary judgment
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
New York Times v. Sullivan
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
2. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
WXYZ v. Hand
Freedom of Information Act
Shepherd v. Maxwell
3. Motions for summary judgment is applicable if the publication is not private facts and is newsworthy.
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
Injunction
Freedom of Information Act
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
4. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote
False light
Any civil matter
Gag order
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
5. The declaration of a final judgment based on the evidence presented
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
Adjudication
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
In re Times Publishing Co.
6. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
New York Times v. Sullivan
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
7. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
Intrusion on physical solitude
Defenses of libel
Libel
8. Minor errors do not count as actual malice.
Time Inc. v. Pape
Freedom of Information Act
Rouch 2
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
9. (privacy) Ex. Beyonce has a thing of Ocean Spray orange juice. Ocean Spray uses the photo as a marketing campaign. Beyonce could go after them.
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10. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.
First amendment
Adjudication
Dendrite v. John Does
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
11. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages
5 Elements of libel
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Defenses of libel
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
12. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
Rouch 1
Snepp v. United States
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
13. Compensatory damages are a proper remedy to avoid the injustice under a promissory estoppel claim.
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
First amendment
U.S. v. Dickinson
False light
14. School officials can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use.
Summary judgment
Morse v. Frederick
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Tasini v. NYT
15. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.
Libel Perquod
Gannett v. DePasquale
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Actual Damages
16. A reporter has a qualified privilege to report on controversial matters of public interest using reputable sources.
Preliminary hearing
6th - cincinnati OH
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Misdemeanor
17. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Public figure
Defamation
Right to publicity
18. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.
Kincaid v. Gibson
Summary judgment
Fair comment
Pretiral hearing
19. hearing where the judge decides whether or not there is sufficient evidence to prove a crime. In michigan - takes place in district court
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Sixth amendmen
Preliminary hearing
20. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Pearson v. Dodd
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
21. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____
6th - cincinnati OH
Right to publicity
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Rouch 2
22. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.
Precedent
U.S. v. Dickinson
WXYZ v. Hand
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
23. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
Tasini v. NYT
Time Inc. v. Hill
Morse v. Frederick
24. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.
Time Inc. v. Firestone
Circuit Court
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Pearson v. Dodd
25. (Privacy) Ex. Kim Kardashian's sex tape
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Intrusion on physical solitude
Any civil matter
Florida Star v. B.J.F
26. First Amendment protects media to report information from official records available in open court.
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
Civil contempt
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
27. Only in Massachusetts - you can close a preliminary hearing if the case is a sexual assault case.
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
False light
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
District Court
28. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses
Felonies
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Defenses of libel
Actual malice
29. Set the standard in MI that negligence is needed to prove libel - as the legislature had not acted.
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Freedom of Information Act
Rouch 1
False light
30. The media must make sure that permission is acquired in commercial situations.
Qualified privilege
Fair comment
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Libel
31. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315
U.S. v. Dickinson
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
32. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
Right to publicity
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
Actual Damages
33. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
34. Harm done which the law cannot remedy.
Qualified privilege
Irreparable harm
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
U.S. v. Dickinson
35. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
Qualified privilege
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Pearson v. Dodd
Preliminary hearing
36. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Pearson v. Dodd
Adjudication
Gag order
37. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Precedent
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Summary judgment
38. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.
Pearson v. Dodd
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
39. To claim exemption for investigative records - they must show how disclosure would interfere with proceedings. The burden of proof is on the party claiming exemption.
Wilson v. Layne
Libel Per Se
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
Evening News Association v. Troy
40. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too
Qualified privilege
Any civil matter
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
New York Times v. United States
41. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Gertz v. Welch
42. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.
Circuit Court
State News v. Michigan State University
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Booth Newspapers v. City of Kalamazoo
43. Prevents ISPs from liability except on copyright.
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Fair comment
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Dendrite v. John Does
44. What is shot in public place is fine - but if there is intrusion on physical solitude it is not protected.
5 Areas of privacy
Shulman v. Group W. Productions
Morse v. Frederick
First amendment
45. If you knowingly run ads that advocate criminal activity - you can be held liable. Got off on the first case - but on the second case they should have known better.
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Intrusion on physical solitude
46. Failure to obey an order made by the court
Public figure
Morse v. Frederick
Civil contempt
Dendrite v. John Does
47. NYT actual malice rule is extended form just public officials to include public figures
Alander
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
False light
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
48. NYT actual malice standard does not extend to private figures. However - it's up to the states to determine what a private figure is - and there's a new standard that says you have to prove harm and damages.
Dendrite v. John Does
Gertz v. Welch
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
Arraignment
49. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating an educational purpose.
Amicus curiae
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
Precedent
New York Times v. United States
50. The power of authority of a particular court to hear and adjudicate matters in dispute
Jurisdiction
Preliminary hearing
In re Times Publishing Co.
Wilson v. Layne