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Journalism Law

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Only in Massachusetts - you can close a preliminary hearing if the case is a sexual assault case.






2. A form of qualified privilege which gives the media the right to publish articles as long as opinions are based on relevent facts. These aretiles include opinion - columns - editorials - book reviews - movie reviews - etc.






3. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit






4. Institutes procedures to ensure every citizen has the right to access government documents - as well as the right to inspect and receive copies of records from state and local government bodies.






5. (Privacy) Ex. Kim Kardashian's sex tape






6. hearing where the judge decides whether or not there is sufficient evidence to prove a crime. In michigan - takes place in district court






7. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.






8. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.






9. Any communication - true or false - which exposes a person to hatred - ridicule or contempt. the person's reputation is harmed or damaged






10. The burden of proof imposed on public officials extends to anyone involved in a matter of public concern - regardless of whether they were famous or unknown.






11. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.






12. Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency - 2. Intrusion on physical solitude - 3. False light - 4. Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit - 5. Right to publicity






13. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage






14. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements






15. Police have to disclose incident report records. Do have to keep submitting FOIAs.






16. Journalists and citizens must first obey court orders first before seeking appeal - even if they believe the order is unconstitutional






17. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.






18. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay






19. Upon the request of the counsel or the victim - you can order that the names of the victim and actor and details of the alleged offense be suppressed until such time as the actor is arraigned - the charge is dismissed - or the case is otherwise concl






20. Guarantees freedoms of speech - religion - press and assembly.






21. In Michigan - there's an absolute right of public to be present during jury selection.






22. Recognized first amendment right of privacy for private figures against media.






23. Published work of copyrighted material is a violation and isn't protected under Section 107 as 'fair use.'






24. Michigan is in ____ district court in ____ -____






25. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.






26. Requires certain information held by various federal and state agencies to be made available to the public unless the information falls under one of the exemptions.






27. First Amendment protects media to report information from official records available in open court.






28. Under the language of the statute - these media representatives are not subject to an investigative subpoena.






29. Plaintiffs are not entitled to an order unmasking an anonymous author when the statements in question cannot support a cause of action for defamation.






30. 3rd party has no obligation to notify media when there's been a government subpoena of phone records. Also includes any form of electronic communication.






31. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315






32. in an invasion of privacy tort - an action which occurs when an individual's expectation of privacy or right to be left alone is breached. EX. A reporter lies about his identity to gain access to information they couldn't under normal conditions.






33. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.






34. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.






35. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.






36. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments






37. This protects the media from liability of defamatory statements made during official proceedings. The published story must be a fair and accurate account of what happened.






38. For purposes of divorce - there may be some elements of a public person's private life that make them a private figure.






39. The media must make sure that permission is acquired in commercial situations.






40. Michigan court trials have to remain open. Parts can be closed - but never all of the trial. M.C.L.A 750.520k only applies to pre-trial hearings.






41. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial






42. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.






43. First Amendment protects even false statements about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity. (actual malice)






44. Lowest court handles: Tickets - civil matter - Misdemeanor - Felonies






45. Reckless disregard for the truth; knowing falsity






46. Under FOIA - personell records may be released - subject to 'appropriate redactions.'






47. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.






48. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.






49. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too






50. The right to exploit one's name and likeness is personal to the artist and must be exercised - if at all - by him during his lifetime.' This resulted in a loss of inheriting personality rights in California.