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Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Under FOIA - personell records may be released - subject to 'appropriate redactions.'
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
Time Inc. v. Hill
Libel Perquod
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
2. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.
Right to publicity
Clark v. ABC
Gannett v. DePasquale
Herbert v. Lando
3. Judge has an absolute duty to ensure fair trial rights. Judge must be able to control what's going on in the courtroom.
Adjudication
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Actual Damages
4. A court created device to weed out inadmissible evidence in advance of trial
Public figure
Freedom of Information Act
Pretiral hearing
Certiorari
5. For purposes of defamation - a person who has thrust themself into the spotlight and has the power to gain media publicity. these individuals must prove actual malice to prevail in a libel suit
Public figure
Herbert v. Lando
WXYZ v. Hand
In re Times Publishing Co.
6. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
New York Times v. United States
7. If the information is lawfully obtained - the defendant can't be held in contempt of court.
Florida Star v. B.J.F
In re Times Publishing Co.
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
8. A decision of a court that is recognized as an authority in deciding cases which deal with similar or identical questions of law.
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Wilson v. Layne
Defenses of libel
Precedent
9. If a statement 'results in a material change in the meaning conveyed by the statement -' the person who says it can be sued for libel.
Libel
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Freedom of information act
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
10. Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency - 2. Intrusion on physical solitude - 3. False light - 4. Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit - 5. Right to publicity
5 Areas of privacy
False light
Intrusion on physical solitude
Fourth amendment
11. Plaintiffs are not entitled to an order unmasking an anonymous author when the statements in question cannot support a cause of action for defamation.
Freedom of information act
First amendment
Amicus curiae
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
12. Series of pre trail hearings: court created devices to weed out inadmissible evidence prior to trial. Often determine bargaining of prosecution and defendant to come up with plea bargain. Most cases are ended with plea bargain and don't go to trial.
Circuit Court
Injunction
Summary judgment
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
13. Have to have an open meeting when interviewing candidates for a public position.
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
14. If a publication accurately prints something from a false public record document - they cannot be sued for libel.
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Actual Damages
Actual malice
15. First Amendment protects even false statements about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity. (actual malice)
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
New York Times v. Sullivan
Qualified privilege
Pretiral hearing
16. Any communication - true or false - which exposes a person to hatred - ridicule or contempt. the person's reputation is harmed or damaged
Defamation
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
17. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation
Summary judgment
Libel
6th - cincinnati OH
Intrusion on physical solitude
18. Spoken defamation which causes injury to a person's reputation
5 Areas of privacy
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Alander
District Court
19. Innocent and negligent misstatement in a newspaper are protected under constitutional freedoms of speech and press.
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Time Inc. v. Hill
In re Times Publishing Co.
Jurisdiction
20. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)
Libel Perquod
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
Certiorari
21. The media must make sure that permission is acquired in commercial situations.
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting
Fair comment
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
22. Limited decision. Closure of preliminary hearing is unconstitutional in California because they act as mini trials to ensure defendants right to a fair trial. Unique to that state however.
Alander
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Libel Perquod
Qualified privilege
23. An invasion of privacy tort which occurs when information about a person's private life is published - and there is not relevant newsworthy tie.
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Galella v. Onassis
Tickets
Libel Perquod
24. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Clark v. ABC
25. The First Amendment protects college students' freedom of expression - and the Hazelwood case should not be applied to college media.
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Kincaid v. Gibson
U.S. v. Dickinson
Shepherd v. Maxwell
26. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'
Intrusion on physical solitude
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
27. Michigan statute M.C.L.A. 750.520k violated the First - Fifth - and Fourteenth Amendments
Defamation
Fourteenth amendment
Branzburg v. Hayes
WXYZ v. Hand
28. Reconfirmed that you cannot censor news media and its coverage unless theirs a clear and present danger.
In re Times Publishing Co.
Precedent
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
Preliminary hearing
29. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
Pearson v. Dodd
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Tickets
Clark v. ABC
30. A published article must be so inaccurate that it will have more of an effect on the reader than the literal truth would.
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Defamation
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
31. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit
Right to publicity
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Felonies
Precedent
32. Criminal matters anything less than a year in jail
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Time Inc. v. Firestone
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
Misdemeanor
33. Incidental use of someone's image cold be an invasion of privacy or defamation.
Clark v. ABC
Time Inc. v. Firestone
Wilson v. Layne
Fourth amendment
34. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.
Shepherd v. Maxwell
Libel Per Se
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
Wilson v. Layne
35. Even though university foundations are privately incorporated - they might be subject to comply with FOIA and OMA if the majority of funding comes from the university.
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Libel Per Se
Freedom of Information Act
36. (Privacy)a. Very close to libel - If you're a public official/figure you have the actual malice rule - Portraying someone in a lie - Truth is a defense - Consent is a defense - Public newsworthy event is okay
Gannett v. DePasquale
False light
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Alander
37. Only in Massachusetts - you can close a preliminary hearing if the case is a sexual assault case.
Morse v. Frederick
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
Precedent
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
38. (Privacy) Ex. Kim Kardashian's sex tape
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Florida Star v. B.J.F
U.S. v. Dickinson
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
39. This protects the media from liability of defamatory statements made during official proceedings. The published story must be a fair and accurate account of what happened.
Qualified privilege
Morse v. Frederick
Tasini v. NYT
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
40. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
Dendrite v. John Does
Actual Damages
Libel
41. An order issued by the court to prevent attorneys and witnesses from discussing the case outside the courtroom - or reporters from publishing information obtained during a court proceeding.
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
Gag order
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
42. If you get the information from outside sources - you can publish it. MCL 750.520k does not constitute an unlawful prior restraint on publication. Rather - the statute directs that the court file be withheld from the public
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
U.S. v. Dickinson
Qualified privilege
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
43. Statements of opinion that could be perceived as defamation need to be based on reliable evidence.
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Circuit Court
Felonies
44. Friend of the court.
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Amicus curiae
State News v. Michigan State University
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
45. A constructive trust is a proper manner of relinquishing the profits of one who abuses a confidential position.
Amicus curiae
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Snepp v. United States
Defamation
46. Prevents ISPs from liability except on copyright.
Freedom of information act
5 Areas of privacy
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Dendrite v. John Does
47. Guarantees people the right to be secure in their homes and property against unreasonable searches and seizures. Also protects against the issuance of a warrant without probable cause.
Adjudication
Fourth amendment
Midland Publishing Co v. District Judge
Jurisdiction
48. Michigan court trials have to remain open. Parts can be closed - but never all of the trial. M.C.L.A 750.520k only applies to pre-trial hearings.
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Any civil matter
Wolston v. Readers' Digest Association
49. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating an educational purpose.
Arraignment
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Fourth amendment
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
50. Failure to obey an order made by the court
Detroit Free Press - Inc. v. Oakland County Sheriff
Gag order
Civil contempt
Libel Per Se