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Test your basic knowledge |
Journalism Law
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
journalism-and-media
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A constructive trust is a proper manner of relinquishing the profits of one who abuses a confidential position.
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Snepp v. United States
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Any civil matter
2. A proper search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.
Time Inc. v. Firestone
Kincaid v. Gibson
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Injunction
3. In an invasion of privacy tort - an action that characterizes a person falsely. Often the person is misrepresented by quoting out of context - the careless use of photos or cutlines - or by using a picture from one story as a picture for another.
False light
Pearson v. Dodd
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Libel Per Se
4. The First Amendment protection for students does not require a public school to print speech when they can justify their decision by stating it is lewd - indecent or offensive - or have legitimate pedagogical concerns.
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
Rouch 1
Defamation
Kincaid v. Gibson
5. Written defamation which causes injury to another's reputation
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
Right to publicity
Libel
6. As long as speech was about a public official (figure) could not reasonably be construed to state actual facts about its subject - it is protected by the first amendment.
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
7. In an invasion of privacy tort - the right an individual has to profit from their likeness - or to prevent others from gaining value for their own commercial benefit
Preliminary hearing
Right to publicity
Branzburg v. Hayes
Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing
8. For presidential searches - MI supreme court ruled universities are 4th arm of government - and must conduct search in public.
Hutchinson v. Proxmire
Injunction
Federated Publications v. MSU Board of Trustees
False light
9. Truth is only a defense in privacy cases when it's in a case of _______
Precedent
Tickets
False light
Wilson v. Layne
10. Reconfirmed that you cannot censor news media and its coverage unless theirs a clear and present danger.
Reporters Committee v. AT&T
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
R.O. v. Ithaca City School District
11. Qualified privilege allows newspapers to report on both sides of a story as long as the sources are qualified. Created doctrine of neutral reportage
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
MCLA 750.520k
Morse v. Frederick
12. There is a First amendment right of access to trials
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13. If an ongoing - criminal investigation is actively underway - discretion may be used under the exemption claim in FOIA to withhold some documents.
Dendrite v. John Does
Booth Newspapers v. City of Kalamazoo
Freedom of Information Act
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
14. No guarantee of immunity for media ride alongs.
Right to publicity
Time Inc. v. Pape
Libel Per Se
Wilson v. Layne
15. If a quote is altered - in order for a publication to be sued the plaintiff must prove the meaning portrayed in altered quote is dramatically different than the actual quote
Amicus curiae
Tasini v. NYT
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
16. Publication - identification - defamation - harm and damages
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
Herbert v. Lando
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
5 Elements of libel
17. Minor errors do not count as actual malice.
Time Inc. v. Pape
Tasini v. NYT
Pretiral hearing
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
18. Anything punishable by more than a year in jail
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co
Felonies
McCracken v. Evening News Association
Detroit Free Press v. Macomb Circuit Judge
19. Under FOIA - personell records may be released - subject to 'appropriate redactions.'
District Court
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
Bradley v. Saranac Community Schools Board of Education
Libel Per Se
20. There is a first amendment right of access to the public to cover and attend trials.
In re Times Publishing Co.
People of the State of Michigan v. Pastor
Booth Newspapers v. City of Kalamazoo
Richmond Newspapers - Inc. v. Virginia
21. If you obtain material from a third party illegally - media are still protected and can publish.
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Pearson v. Dodd
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
22. Criminal matters anything less than a year in jail
False light
Gannett v. DePasquale
Misdemeanor
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
23. Journalists and citizens must first obey court orders first before seeking appeal - even if they believe the order is unconstitutional
Defamation
U.S. v. Dickinson
Intrusion on physical solitude
Collins v. Detroit Free Press
24. Only in Massachusetts - you can close a preliminary hearing if the case is a sexual assault case.
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
25. Protects all 'persons' from deprivation of life - liberty or property without due process of law.
Jurisdiction
Fourteenth amendment
Time Inc. v. Hill
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
26. Series of pre trail hearings: court created devices to weed out inadmissible evidence prior to trial. Often determine bargaining of prosecution and defendant to come up with plea bargain. Most cases are ended with plea bargain and don't go to trial.
Tasini v. NYT
Florida Star v. B.J.F
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
Circuit Court
27. MI Supreme Court ruled directory information of teachers cannot be disclosed. (home address and phone number)
Sixth amendmen
Michigan Federation of Teachers v. University of Michigan
Food Lion - Inc - v. Capital Cities/ABC
False light
28. Broadcasters are immune from liability if political candidates defame someone while under section 315
Arraignment
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
29. A person vs. a person (corporation can be a person too
Any civil matter
Appropriation of another's likeness for commercial profit
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
30. A judgment made by the court before or during a trial. This judgment is in repsonse to a motion by the plaintiff or defendant - who claims there is not enough evidence or there is no dispute that the information given is fact.
Summary judgment
WXYZ v. Hand
Gertz v. Welch
Time Inc. v. Pape
31. Newspaper must have known material falsity - material falsity became standard of proof in Michigan.
Time Inc. v. Pape
Rouch 2
False light
Libel
32. Enforced freelancer/copyright actions - and publishers who were doing more than compile the stories had to pay the reporters. Electronic publications (putting it online) makes it a new publication.
6th - cincinnati OH
Masson v. New Yorker Magazine
Doctrine of neutral reportage
Tasini v. NYT
33. The power of authority of a particular court to hear and adjudicate matters in dispute
New York Times v. Sullivan
Jurisdiction
Time Inc. v. Hill
Fourth amendment
34. There is liability even if the news organization reports both sides - if the sources are not credible.
Wilson v. Layne
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
Harte-Hanks Communications - Inc. v. Connaughton
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
35. In Michigan - there's an absolute right of public to be present during jury selection.
WXYZ v. Hand
In re Closure of Voir Dire (People v. Lawrence)
Preliminary hearing
Globe Newspapers v. Superior Court
36. The declaration of a final judgment based on the evidence presented
Fourth amendment
Certiorari
Publication of private matters that violate ordinary decency
Adjudication
37. Newspapers do not have an equal time requirement like broadcast has.
Eric Jackson v. Eastern Michigan University Foundation
Miami Herald Co. v. Tornillo
Qualified privilege
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia
38. (privacy) There are areas around you that are a 'zone of privacy'
New York Times v. United States
Booth Newspapers v. City of Kalamazoo
Intrusion on physical solitude
Fourteenth amendment
39. (privacy) a. Because of who you are - you have a right to profit from your image b. Endorsements
Jurisdiction
Right to publicity
Any civil matter
Tickets
40. The Sixth Amendment rights of a defendant outweigh the First Amendment of the press in cases where the press can have prejudicial outcome of the defendant's trial.
Miami Herald Co. v. Tornillo
Farmers Education Cooperative v. WDAY
Gannett v. DePasquale
Fourteenth amendment
41. The press has no greater constitutional right to access penal facilities than any member of the general public
Houchins v. KQED Inc.
Sipple v. Chronicle Publishing Company
Edwards v. National Audubon Society
Amicus curiae
42. This protects the media from liability of defamatory statements made during official proceedings. The published story must be a fair and accurate account of what happened.
Qualified privilege
Press-Enterprise v. Superior Court in Riverside
Freedom of Information Act
Detroit Free Press v. Recorder's Court Judge
43. Damages presumed - Falsely accusing someone of a crime - Statements concerning race or political belief - Damaging someone in their business - Ex. calling brain surgeon 'butterfingers'
Libel Per Se
Eimann/Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine
Curtis Publishing v. Butts and AP v. Walker
Circuit Court
44. In the case where a party challenges the underlying facts that support a trial court's decision - the appellate court must defer to the trial court's view of the facts.
Libel
Booth & Ann Arbor News v. EMU Board of Regents
Bay City Times v. City of Bay City
Misdemeanor
45. Money damages awarded to the injured party as compensation for a specific loss
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
MCLA 750.520k
Actual Damages
46. The OMA does not allow public bodies to bypass the law by closing meetings or doing round robin phone calls. universities are not exempt from FOIA in cases of public records.
Right to publicity
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co
Booth Newspaper v. U of M Board of Regents
Dendrite v. John Does
47. Lowest court handles: Tickets - civil matter - Misdemeanor - Felonies
District Court
Right to publicity
Libel Perquod
Time Inc. v. Firestone
48. The government cannot censor. In order to exercise prior restraint - the Government must show sufficient evidence that the publication would cause a 'grave and irreparable' danger.
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
Gannett v. DePasquale
Public figure
New York Times v. United States
49. Opinion - privilege - fair comment - truth - constitutional defenses
A.Z. v. Jane Doe
Defenses of libel
Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps
McIntosh v. The Detroit News
50. Friend of the court.
Any civil matter
Amicus curiae
Lugosi v. Universal Pictures
Nebraska Press Association. v. Stuart