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LSAT Logical Reasoning Question Types

Subjects : logic-and-reasoning, LSAT

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Question says... the main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.

2. In a 'Principle' - avoid choices that...
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)

3. The 'Strengthen' task is...
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.

4. In a 'Strengthen' - avoid choices that...
Principle
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.

5. In a 'Role of the Statement' - avoid choices that...

6. The 'Weaken' task is...
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.

7. The 'Main Point' task is...

8. Would be most useful to know in evaluating the argument the answer to which one of the following questions would contribute to an evaluation in evaluating the argument - it would be most useful to know whether
Assumption
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree

9. In a 'Strengthen' - look for choices that...
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Role of the Statement
Principle
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).

10. In a 'Main Point' - look for choices that...
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Role of the Statement
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.

11. Question says... JUSTIFY:principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion CONFORM: conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Principle

12. In a 'Weaken' - look for choices that...
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
Weaken

13. The 'Point at Issue' task is...
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi

14. Question says... the argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
ID Reasoning
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.

15. In a 'Weaken' - analyze and apply by...

16. In a 'Assumption' - analyze and apply by...

17. Principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of the following principles
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Main point or conclusion
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas

18. In a 'Role of the Statement' - look for choices that...
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
ID Response

19. The argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.

20. Question says... most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
Strengthen
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.

21. In a 'Strengthen' - analyze and apply by...

22. In a 'Weaken' - avoid choices that...
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show

23. In a 'Inference' - avoid choices that...
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
Principle
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree

24. In a 'Point at Issue' - avoid Choices that...
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.

25. In a 'Principle' - analyze and apply by...
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Inference
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.

26. Most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
ID Reasoning
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion

27. The 12 Argument Types
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree

28. In a 'Inference' - analyze and apply by...
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.

29. Question says... x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering
ID Response
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do

30. Most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true

31. In a 'Assumption' - avoid choices that...

32. x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering

33. The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that

34. Question says... must also be true can most properly be concluded most strongly support the inference which of teh following conclusions can be properly drawn
Inference
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
Weaken

35. The role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words

36. An assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that

37. In a 'Role of the Statement' - analyze and apply by...
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.

38. In a 'Principle' - look for choices that...
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.

39. The 'Inference' task is...
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.

40. In a 'Assumption' - look for choices that...
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Assumption

41. The 'Assumption' task is...

42. Question says... an assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
Assumption

43. The 'Principle' task is...
Role of the Statement
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Main point or conclusion

44. The main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement

45. In a 'Inference' - look for choices that...
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion

46. The 'Role of the Statement' task is to...
Weaken
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
ID Reasoning

47. Question says... the role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Role of the Statement
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu

48. In a 'Point at Issue' - look for choices that...

49. In a 'Main Point' - analyze and apply by...

50. In a 'Point at Issue' - analyze and apply by...