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Test your basic knowledge |
LSAT Logical Reasoning Question Types
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Subjects
:
logic-and-reasoning
,
LSAT
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Question says... the role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Role of the Statement
Main point or conclusion
2. Principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of the following principles
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
3. The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that
4. In a 'Weaken' - avoid choices that...
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
5. In a 'Weaken' - look for choices that...
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
6. In a 'Role of the Statement' - avoid choices that...
7. In a 'Inference' - analyze and apply by...
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
8. In a 'Role of the Statement' - look for choices that...
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
9. Most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
10. The 'Strengthen' task is...
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
11. The 'Main Point' task is...
12. In a 'Main Point' - analyze and apply by...
13. The role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
14. In a 'Principle' - analyze and apply by...
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Weaken
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
15. The 'Role of the Statement' task is to...
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
16. The 'Principle' task is...
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
17. Question says... the argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
ID Reasoning
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
18. The 'Inference' task is...
Principle
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Assumption
19. Question says... most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Main point or conclusion
Weaken
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion
20. In a 'Assumption' - analyze and apply by...
21. In a 'Point at Issue' - avoid Choices that...
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
22. In a 'Principle' - avoid choices that...
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
23. In a 'Main Point' - avoid Choices that...
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
Role of the Statement
24. Would be most useful to know in evaluating the argument the answer to which one of the following questions would contribute to an evaluation in evaluating the argument - it would be most useful to know whether
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
Principle
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
25. In a 'Principle' - look for choices that...
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Weaken
26. The 12 Argument Types
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
27. Question says... an assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that
Assumption
Role of the Statement
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
28. In a 'Point at Issue' - look for choices that...
29. Question says... the main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
30. Question says... most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Strengthen
31. Question says... JUSTIFY:principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion CONFORM: conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Principle
32. The 'Weaken' task is...
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
33. In a 'Inference' - avoid choices that...
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
34. In a 'Strengthen' - analyze and apply by...
35. In a 'Main Point' - look for choices that...
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Main point or conclusion
36. In a 'Strengthen' - look for choices that...
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
37. In a 'Inference' - look for choices that...
Assumption
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
38. Question says... must also be true can most properly be concluded most strongly support the inference which of teh following conclusions can be properly drawn
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Inference
Strengthen
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
39. The 'Assumption' task is...
40. In a 'Assumption' - look for choices that...
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Weaken
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
41. In a 'Strengthen' - avoid choices that...
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
42. x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering
43. In a 'Weaken' - analyze and apply by...
44. Question says... x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
ID Response
45. In a 'Role of the Statement' - analyze and apply by...
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
46. Most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
47. The main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement
48. Question says... The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.
Main point or conclusion
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
49. The argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
50. In a 'Point at Issue' - analyze and apply by...