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LSAT Logical Reasoning Question Types

Subjects : logic-and-reasoning, LSAT

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In a 'Main Point' - look for choices that...
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.

2. The 'Strengthen' task is...
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Inference
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree

3. In a 'Principle' - look for choices that...
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.

4. In a 'Role of the Statement' - look for choices that...
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.

5. In a 'Point at Issue' - avoid Choices that...
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.

6. The argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas

7. Would be most useful to know in evaluating the argument the answer to which one of the following questions would contribute to an evaluation in evaluating the argument - it would be most useful to know whether
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Strengthen
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.

8. In a 'Assumption' - look for choices that...
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;

9. In a 'Inference' - analyze and apply by...
Main point or conclusion
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.

10. In a 'Weaken' - look for choices that...
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.

11. In a 'Strengthen' - look for choices that...
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Assumption
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu

12. In a 'Role of the Statement' - analyze and apply by...
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
Weaken
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.

13. In a 'Point at Issue' - analyze and apply by...

14. In a 'Assumption' - analyze and apply by...

15. Question says... JUSTIFY:principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion CONFORM: conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Assumption
Principle

16. The 'Point at Issue' task is...
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Inference

17. In a 'Main Point' - avoid Choices that...
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.

18. In a 'Principle' - analyze and apply by...
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.

19. Question says... must also be true can most properly be concluded most strongly support the inference which of teh following conclusions can be properly drawn
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Inference

20. Most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;

21. The 12 Argument Types
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
ID Reasoning
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.

22. The 'Principle' task is...
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
Inference

23. The role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.

24. Question says... The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
Main point or conclusion
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.

25. The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that

26. Question says... most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Strengthen
Role of the Statement
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.

27. In a 'Weaken' - analyze and apply by...

28. In a 'Strengthen' - avoid choices that...
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.

29. Principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of the following principles
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree

30. Question says... x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering
ID Response
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.

31. In a 'Principle' - avoid choices that...
ID Response
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
Assumption
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.

32. In a 'Inference' - avoid choices that...
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical

33. The 'Role of the Statement' task is to...
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
Principle
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree

34. Question says... the role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
ID Response
Role of the Statement
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.

35. The 'Assumption' task is...

36. The 'Inference' task is...
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Strengthen
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.

37. In a 'Inference' - look for choices that...
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Inference
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.

38. In a 'Strengthen' - analyze and apply by...

39. The 'Weaken' task is...
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;

40. Question says... the main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree

41. Question says... the argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.
ID Reasoning

42. Question says... an assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Assumption

43. In a 'Main Point' - analyze and apply by...

44. Most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
Strengthen
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;

45. The main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement

46. In a 'Weaken' - avoid choices that...
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
Principle
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu

47. The 'Main Point' task is...

48. In a 'Role of the Statement' - avoid choices that...

49. In a 'Assumption' - avoid choices that...

50. x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering