LSAT Logical Reasoning Question Types

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The 12 Argument Types
Inference
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can


2. In a 'Role of the Statement' - analyze and apply by...
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.


3. In a 'Weaken' - look for choices that...
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
Main point or conclusion
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.


4. In a 'Weaken' - analyze and apply by...

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5. Would be most useful to know in evaluating the argument the answer to which one of the following questions would contribute to an evaluation in evaluating the argument - it would be most useful to know whether
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Strengthen
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument


6. In a 'Principle' - analyze and apply by...
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Strengthen
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)


7. The 'Weaken' task is...
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
ID Reasoning


8. In a 'Strengthen' - analyze and apply by...

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9. Question says... an assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Assumption
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;


10. In a 'Inference' - look for choices that...
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.


11. Most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can


12. The main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement

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13. Question says... JUSTIFY:principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion CONFORM: conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of
Principle
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.


14. Question says... the role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Role of the Statement
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.


15. The 'Main Point' task is...

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16. The 'Point at Issue' task is...
ID Reasoning
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree


17. In a 'Inference' - avoid choices that...
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
Role of the Statement
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument


18. Question says... most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Weaken
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.


19. Question says... must also be true can most properly be concluded most strongly support the inference which of teh following conclusions can be properly drawn
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
ID Response
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
Inference


20. In a 'Main Point' - avoid Choices that...
ID Response
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.


21. Question says... the main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Strengthen
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree


22. In a 'Assumption' - look for choices that...
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument


23. In a 'Assumption' - analyze and apply by...

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24. In a 'Role of the Statement' - avoid choices that...

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25. The 'Principle' task is...
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can


26. In a 'Strengthen' - look for choices that...
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu


27. In a 'Point at Issue' - avoid Choices that...
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
Assumption


28. The 'Assumption' task is...

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29. The 'Strengthen' task is...
Inference
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.


30. In a 'Principle' - look for choices that...
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;


31. In a 'Inference' - analyze and apply by...
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.


32. Principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of the following principles
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas


33. The role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.


34. Most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Main point or conclusion
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.


35. Question says... most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
Strengthen
Main point or conclusion
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do


36. In a 'Role of the Statement' - look for choices that...
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken


37. In a 'Point at Issue' - look for choices that...

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38. An assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that

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39. In a 'Point at Issue' - analyze and apply by...

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40. In a 'Principle' - avoid choices that...
Inference
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do


41. Question says... x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion
ID Response
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.


42. In a 'Main Point' - look for choices that...
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Weaken
Strengthen


43. In a 'Strengthen' - avoid choices that...
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Inference
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.


44. In a 'Assumption' - avoid choices that...

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45. In a 'Weaken' - avoid choices that...
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken


46. The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that

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47. The 'Role of the Statement' task is to...
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Role of the Statement
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.


48. Question says... the argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
ID Reasoning
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Assumption


49. Question says... The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Main point or conclusion
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument


50. x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering

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