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Test your basic knowledge |
LSAT Logical Reasoning Question Types
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Study First
Subjects
:
logic-and-reasoning
,
LSAT
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The 'Inference' task is...
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Role of the Statement
2. The 'Assumption' task is...
3. Question says... the argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
ID Reasoning
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
4. Question says... most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
ID Response
Weaken
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
5. An assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that
6. In a 'Inference' - analyze and apply by...
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
ID Response
Assumption
7. In a 'Weaken' - analyze and apply by...
8. In a 'Inference' - avoid choices that...
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
9. Question says... must also be true can most properly be concluded most strongly support the inference which of teh following conclusions can be properly drawn
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Inference
10. Most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
11. In a 'Assumption' - avoid choices that...
12. The 'Weaken' task is...
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
13. In a 'Principle' - analyze and apply by...
ID Response
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
14. Question says... JUSTIFY:principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion CONFORM: conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Principle
15. In a 'Strengthen' - look for choices that...
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
Strengthen
16. The argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
Principle
Main point or conclusion
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
17. Question says... The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that
Main point or conclusion
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
18. The 'Point at Issue' task is...
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
19. In a 'Point at Issue' - look for choices that...
20. Question says... the main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement
Principle
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
21. In a 'Principle' - avoid choices that...
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
22. Most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
23. Question says... most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Assumption
Strengthen
24. In a 'Inference' - look for choices that...
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
25. Would be most useful to know in evaluating the argument the answer to which one of the following questions would contribute to an evaluation in evaluating the argument - it would be most useful to know whether
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Assumption
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
26. The role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
27. In a 'Principle' - look for choices that...
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
28. In a 'Assumption' - analyze and apply by...
29. In a 'Weaken' - look for choices that...
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.
30. In a 'Role of the Statement' - look for choices that...
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
31. In a 'Main Point' - avoid Choices that...
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
32. In a 'Main Point' - look for choices that...
Principle
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
ID Response
33. In a 'Role of the Statement' - analyze and apply by...
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
34. In a 'Strengthen' - analyze and apply by...
35. The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that
36. In a 'Weaken' - avoid choices that...
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
37. In a 'Role of the Statement' - avoid choices that...
38. Question says... x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
ID Response
39. The 12 Argument Types
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
ID Response
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
40. In a 'Point at Issue' - analyze and apply by...
41. The 'Principle' task is...
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
42. Question says... an assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that
Assumption
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
Inference
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
43. Question says... the role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
Role of the Statement
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Main point or conclusion
44. In a 'Main Point' - analyze and apply by...
45. In a 'Strengthen' - avoid choices that...
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
46. x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering
47. The main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement
48. The 'Strengthen' task is...
Assumption
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.
49. In a 'Assumption' - look for choices that...
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
50. The 'Main Point' task is...