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LSAT Logical Reasoning Question Types

Subjects : logic-and-reasoning, LSAT

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Question says... x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering
Inference
Weaken
ID Response
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can

2. The argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true

3. The main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement

4. In a 'Inference' - analyze and apply by...
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Main point or conclusion

5. x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering

6. In a 'Role of the Statement' - look for choices that...
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
ID Response
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.

7. Principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of the following principles
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Assumption
ID Response

8. An assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that

9. The 'Main Point' task is...

10. Question says... an assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
Assumption
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.

11. In a 'Assumption' - analyze and apply by...

12. Question says... most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
ID Reasoning
Weaken
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can

13. In a 'Inference' - look for choices that...
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.

14. In a 'Principle' - analyze and apply by...
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken

15. The role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
Inference

16. In a 'Principle' - avoid choices that...
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi

17. In a 'Assumption' - avoid choices that...

18. The 'Principle' task is...
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible

19. In a 'Weaken' - look for choices that...
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can

20. The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that

21. The 'Inference' task is...
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Strengthen
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.

22. Question says... most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
Strengthen
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
Principle

23. In a 'Point at Issue' - avoid Choices that...
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).

24. In a 'Strengthen' - avoid choices that...
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
ID Response

25. In a 'Point at Issue' - analyze and apply by...

26. The 'Assumption' task is...

27. Question says... The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Weaken
Main point or conclusion
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion

28. Question says... must also be true can most properly be concluded most strongly support the inference which of teh following conclusions can be properly drawn
ID Response
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
Inference

29. In a 'Main Point' - analyze and apply by...

30. In a 'Principle' - look for choices that...
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;

31. In a 'Strengthen' - analyze and apply by...

32. The 12 Argument Types
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
Role of the Statement
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken

33. Question says... JUSTIFY:principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion CONFORM: conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of
Principle
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.

34. The 'Weaken' task is...
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.

35. Would be most useful to know in evaluating the argument the answer to which one of the following questions would contribute to an evaluation in evaluating the argument - it would be most useful to know whether
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true

36. In a 'Main Point' - avoid Choices that...
Strengthen
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
Main point or conclusion

37. Question says... the argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.
ID Reasoning
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument

38. The 'Point at Issue' task is...
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible

39. In a 'Main Point' - look for choices that...
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible

40. In a 'Strengthen' - look for choices that...
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu

41. In a 'Weaken' - analyze and apply by...

42. Most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree

43. Most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
Strengthen
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;

44. In a 'Inference' - avoid choices that...
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
Assumption
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.

45. In a 'Point at Issue' - look for choices that...

46. Question says... the main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
Assumption
Principle
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu

47. In a 'Assumption' - look for choices that...
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.

48. The 'Role of the Statement' task is to...
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
Assumption
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible

49. Question says... the role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
MAIN POINT: to identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe. FIND the conclusion - if it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Role of the Statement
ID Reasoning

50. In a 'Role of the Statement' - analyze and apply by...
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Assumption
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.

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LSAT Logical Reasoning Question Types

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