Test your basic knowledge |

LSAT Logical Reasoning Question Types

Subjects : logic-and-reasoning, LSAT

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Role of the Statement
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.

2. The 'Inference' task is...
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.
ID Response
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible

3. Question says... most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Weaken

4. Principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of the following principles
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
Weaken
STRENGTHEN:to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas

5. x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering

6. In a 'Role of the Statement' - avoid choices that...

7. In a 'Weaken' - avoid choices that...
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
Weaken
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
To find a statement that has to be true on the basis of passage information; note that these passages are often not arguments.

8. In a 'Assumption' - look for choices that...
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Help the conclusion; logically connect pieces of the argument to one another; if false - weaken the conclusion; are weakly worded; eliminate a possible weakness of the argument

9. In a 'Principle' - analyze and apply by...
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
Weaken the argument; explain why or how too specifically; are more strongly worded than the argument's conclusion; are not directly relevant to the conclusion
To identify the argument's conslusion: what the person making the argument wants you to believe.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.

10. In a 'Point at Issue' - look for choices that...

11. The 'Role of the Statement' task is to...
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
ID Reasoning

12. In a 'Point at Issue' - avoid Choices that...
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true

13. The 'Assumption' task is...

14. The 'Main Point' task is...

15. Would be most useful to know in evaluating the argument the answer to which one of the following questions would contribute to an evaluation in evaluating the argument - it would be most useful to know whether
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
ASSUMPTION:to find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words

16. An assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that

17. In a 'Inference' - avoid choices that...
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Pertain to one side of the conversation but not the other; rely on implication; answer the wrong question (agree rather than disagree).
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show

18. Question says... must also be true can most properly be concluded most strongly support the inference which of teh following conclusions can be properly drawn
ID Response
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.
Inference
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.

19. Question says... the argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
ID Reasoning
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.

20. In a 'Assumption' - avoid choices that...

21. In a 'Inference' - analyze and apply by...
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.

22. In a 'Role of the Statement' - look for choices that...
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're

23. Question says... The main point is the main conclusion is the argument leads to the conclusion that statements commit X to the position that
Match the argument piece by piece; correctly describe the relationship between the indicated statement and the conclusion.
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Main point or conclusion
Inference

24. In a 'Main Point' - avoid Choices that...
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Main point or conclusion
Are worded more strongly than the argument; go beyond the conclusion; are premises of the argument.
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.

25. In a 'Strengthen' - avoid choices that...
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas
Principle
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words

26. The argument proceeds by a method of reasoning employed by the argument a technique of reasoning employed by the argument
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
ID RESPONSE: in a conversation - describe how a response relates to the first person's argument in the conversation. FIND the conclusion and the premises of both parts of the conversation - then summarizing the relationship between them as specifical
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true

27. In a 'Weaken' - look for choices that...
Strongly attack the conclusion; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is incorrect; present a sweeping contradiction of the conclusion; present a possibility the argument overlooks.
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
Identifying the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is based (you will most likely not be able to predict the exact contents of the correct answer)
PRINCIPLE: find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible IDENTIFY the conclusion/judgement in the argument and the premises/situation on which it is bas

28. The main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement

29. In a 'Assumption' - analyze and apply by...

30. The 12 Argument Types
ID Reasoning
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Assumption - Flaw - Inference - Main Point - Method of Argument - Paradox - Parallel - Points at Issue - Principle - Role - Strengthen - Weaken
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do

31. In a 'Inference' - look for choices that...
Are wishy-washy and say as little as possible; are specific - but not too specific; include stipulations or qualifications; seem to restate passage material.
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
ID Response

32. In a 'Principle' - look for choices that...
Strengthen
ID REASONING: describe how an argument supports its conclusion. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing the process used in the argument.
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
ID Response

33. The 'Strengthen' task is...
To find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion certain - more likely to be correct - or at the very least - less likely to be incorrect
Pertain to what's explicitly stated; are clearly something about which the participants would say 'yes' or 'no'.
Strengthen
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're

34. Question says... JUSTIFY:principle if established - would most help to justify principle provides the strongest support for the conclusion CONFORM: conforms to which one of the following generalizations reasoning most closely conforms to which one of
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; find the most specific notion of the argument's problem that you can
ID Response
Principle

35. The role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; strengthen; are trying to weaken but do not attack the conclusion strongly; require extensive explanations to show relevance; attempt to contradict a premise
ID Reasoning

36. In a 'Main Point' - analyze and apply by...

37. In a 'Strengthen' - analyze and apply by...

38. In a 'Weaken' - analyze and apply by...

39. Question says... the role of the statement X in this argument is the statement X figures in the argument in which one of the following ways
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
Role of the Statement

40. Question says... most strengthens most strongly supports the conclusion allows the conclusion to be properly drawn follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
Strengthen
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Bring the whole argument together; are specific rather than general.
Summarizing teh passage; if it seems to lead to a specific conclusion - you should find it before moving on; some may involve a series of related conditional statements that can be diagrammed.

41. The 'Principle' task is...
Strengthen
To find a statement that has to be true in order for the argument's conclusion to be true
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible

42. In a 'Role of the Statement' - analyze and apply by...
Finding the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're arguing about.
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure.

43. In a 'Point at Issue' - analyze and apply by...

44. Question says... x responds by responds in which one of the following ways uses which one of the following techniques in countering
Always find a general statement that supports the arguments conclusion/judgment; for conform also match the method of reasoning as closely as possible
Inference
For justify - support as strongly as possible - even if it goes beyond the argument; for conform - match the method of reasoning used in the argument as closely as possible without going beyond it.
ID Response

45. Most seriously weakens the argument undermines the conclusion calls into question casts doubt upon conclusion would not follow if overlooks the possibility that
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Are not directly relevant to the conclusion; weaken; restate premises in different words
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
EVALUATE: to identify a statement that - if teue - either weakens or strengthens the conclusion and - if false - does the other. FIND the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;

46. Question says... the main point at issue is An issue in dispute is Are committed to disagreeing about Expresses a point of agreement
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
ID Reasoning
Finding the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show
Present a sweeping assurance that the conclusion is correct; state assumptions; logically connect pieces of the argument; present a specific instance in which the conclusion is correct; explain why or how the conclusion is correct; support the conclu

47. Question says... an assumption on which the argument depends is assumed by the argument is required in order for the conclusion to be properly drawn relies on the fact that
Assumption
Point at Issue or Agree/Disagree
Finding the conclusion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning; you will not be able to predict the correct answer's exact contents - but you should be able to say what it must tell or show.
ID Reasoning

48. In a 'Principle' - avoid choices that...
POINT AT ISSUE: to find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion. FIND the conclusion and premises for each participants argument; summarizing the exact thing they're
Are too strongly worded; use terms with no clear relationship to passage material; are too specific or demand too much input to be reveland; involve questionable comparisons.
Are incapable under any circumstances of matching the judgment made in the conclusion; make reference to items of information not known about the situation presented in the premises; for conform - support the conclusion using a method the argument do
Assumption

49. The 'Weaken' task is...
Do not match the argument closely; mistakenly identify the conclusion; mistakenly identify a statement as the main conclusion when its only a step in the argument's chain of reasoning.
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
Finding the conclusion - it it's explicitly state; if not - the opposite of the conclusion may be stated instead.
Find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true

50. The 'Point at Issue' task is...
WEAKEN: to find a new fact that - if true - would make the conclusion unlikely to be true FIND the concludion - the premises - and any gap or flaw in the reasoning;
Finding the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationship between the statement and the premises and conclusion.
To find a statement about which the participants in conversation definitely hold different opinions or - possibly - the same opinion.
ROLE OF THE STATEMENT:describe the indicated part of an argument in terms of its overall logical structure. FIND the conclusion and the premises - then summarizing which of these two roles the statement plays; if neither - summarizing the relationshi