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Test your basic knowledge |
Management 101: Motivation
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 48 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The degree to which a job provides substantial freedom - independence - and discretion to the individual in scheduling work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out
Employee recognition programs
Referents
Autonomy
Self-efficacy
2. The degree to which carrying out work activities required by a job results in the individual's obtaining direct and clear information about his or her performance effectiveness
Self-efficacy
Skill variety
Feedback
Autonomy
3. The degree of control employees have over their work
Equity theory
Proactive perspective of work design
Job enrichment
Job depth
4. The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated
Expectancy Theory
Job scope
Reinforcement Theory
Self-efficacy
5. Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Motivators
Job scope
Task significance
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
6. An approach to job design that focuses on how people's tasks and jobs are increasingly based on social relationships
Job depth
Relational perspective of work design
Reinforcement Theory
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
7. Maslow's theory that human needs - physiological - safety - social - esteem - and self-actualization - form a sort of hierarchy
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8. The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Job enlargement
Task identity
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
9. The drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards
Self-efficacy
Need for achievement (nAch)
Pay-for-performance
Distributive justice
10. An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task
Need for achievement (nAch)
Job scope
Skill variety
Self-efficacy
11. The assumption that employees dislike work - are lazy - avoid responsibility - and must be coerced to perform
Referents
Theory X
Equity theory
Self-actualization needs
12. The assumption that employees are creative - enjoy work - seek responsibility - and can exercise self-direction
Pay-for-performance
Theory Y
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Goal-Setting Theory
13. Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but don't motivate
Equity theory
Task identity
Hygiene factors
Theory Y
14. The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
Physiological needs
Reinforcement Theory
Job enlargement
Task identity
15. A motivational approach in which an organization's financial statements (the 'books') are shared with all employees
Job design
Esteem needs
Proactive perspective of work design
Open-book management
16. The degree to which a job requires a variety of activities so that an employee can use a number of different skills and talents
Employee recognition programs
Task identity
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Skill variety
17. The process by which a person's efforts are energized - directed - and sustained toward attaining a goal
Job enlargement
Employee recognition programs
Motivation
Job enrichment
18. A person's needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Safety needs
Open-book management
Referents
19. A person's needs for food - drink - shelter - sexual satisfaction - and other physical needs
Physiological needs
Theory X
Reinforcers
Job scope
20. Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals
Need for power (nPow)
Procedural justice
Distributive justice
Theory X
21. The motivation theory that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and motivation - whereas extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction
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22. The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Job scope
Self-efficacy
Task significance
Proactive perspective of work design
23. An approach to job design in which employees take the initiative to change how their work is determined
Contemporary theories of motivation
Early theories of motivation
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Proactive perspective of work design
24. The proposition that specific goals increase performance and that difficult goals - when accepted - result in higher performance than do easy goals
Job scope
Relational perspective of work design
Goal-Setting Theory
Pay-for-performance
25. Perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards
Three-Needs Theory
High-involvement work practices
Motivation
Procedural justice
26. Skill variety; Task identity; Task significance; Autonomy; Feedback
Need for achievement (nAch)
Core job dimensions in JCM
Safety needs
Equity theory
27. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory; McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y; Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory; Three-Needs Theory
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Early theories of motivation
Job enlargement
Task significance
28. The persons - systems - or selves against which individuals compare themselves to assess equity
Referents
Reinforcement Theory
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Relational perspective of work design
29. The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Self-actualization needs
Referents
Motivation
30. The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Three-Needs Theory
Need for power (nPow)
Hygiene factors
31. Personal attention and expressing interest - approval - and appreciation for a job well done
Contemporary theories of motivation
Pay-for-performance
Expectancy Theory
Employee recognition programs
32. A person's needs to become what he or she is capable of becoming
Self-actualization needs
Theory Y
Job design
Task identity
33. Work practices designed to elicit greater input of involvement from workers
High-involvement work practices
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Procedural justice
Hygiene factors
34. A person's needs for affection - belongingness - acceptance - and friendship
Social needs
Autonomy
Motivators
Equity theory
35. Goal-Setting Theory; Reinforcement Theory; Designing Motivating Jobs; Equity Theory; Expectancy Theory
Contemporary theories of motivation
Goal-Setting Theory
Procedural justice
Employee recognition programs
36. The horizontal expansion of a job by increasing job scope
Job enlargement
Self-efficacy
Feedback
Task identity
37. The theory that an employee compares his or her job's input-outcome ratio with that of relevant others and then corrects any inequity
Equity theory
Need for power (nPow)
Motivation
Procedural justice
38. The theory that behavior is a function of its consequences
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Reinforcement Theory
Three-Needs Theory
Self-actualization needs
39. The motivation theory that says three acquired (not innate) needs - achievement - power - and affiliation - are major motives in work
Three-Needs Theory
Job enlargement
Job enrichment
Autonomy
40. Variable compensation plans that pay employees on the basis of some performance measure
Proactive perspective of work design
Pay-for-performance
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
41. The need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise
Need for power (nPow)
High-involvement work practices
Reinforcers
Relational perspective of work design
42. The vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities
Skill variety
Early theories of motivation
Three-Needs Theory
Job enrichment
43. Consequences immediately following a behavior - which increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated
Early theories of motivation
Reinforcers
Reinforcement Theory
Motivators
44. A person's needs for internal factors such as self-respect - autonomy - and achievement - and external factors such as status - recognition - and attention
Job design
Feedback
Esteem needs
Task identity
45. The way tasks are combined to form complete jobs
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Theory Y
Job design
Motivators
46. A framework for analyzing and designing jobs that identifies five primary core job dimensions - their interrelationships - and their impact on outcomes
Need for achievement (nAch)
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Goal-Setting Theory
47. The importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job
Autonomy
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Need for power (nPow)
Referents
48. The theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Procedural justice
Expectancy Theory
Safety needs
High-involvement work practices