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Test your basic knowledge |
Management 101: Motivation
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 48 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Job enlargement
Skill variety
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
2. The process by which a person's efforts are energized - directed - and sustained toward attaining a goal
Feedback
Early theories of motivation
Motivation
Safety needs
3. The degree to which carrying out work activities required by a job results in the individual's obtaining direct and clear information about his or her performance effectiveness
Contemporary theories of motivation
Feedback
Theory Y
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
4. An approach to job design that focuses on how people's tasks and jobs are increasingly based on social relationships
Early theories of motivation
Relational perspective of work design
Procedural justice
Reinforcement Theory
5. An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task
Contemporary theories of motivation
Self-efficacy
Feedback
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
6. Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Motivators
Esteem needs
Task significance
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
7. The vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities
Core job dimensions in JCM
Need for power (nPow)
Social needs
Job enrichment
8. The degree of control employees have over their work
Safety needs
Job depth
Motivation
Feedback
9. An approach to job design in which employees take the initiative to change how their work is determined
Proactive perspective of work design
Physiological needs
Employee recognition programs
Task identity
10. The motivation theory that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and motivation - whereas extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction
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11. Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals
Theory Y
Distributive justice
Self-efficacy
Autonomy
12. Skill variety; Task identity; Task significance; Autonomy; Feedback
Job scope
Core job dimensions in JCM
Safety needs
Early theories of motivation
13. The need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise
Referents
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Need for power (nPow)
Open-book management
14. The proposition that specific goals increase performance and that difficult goals - when accepted - result in higher performance than do easy goals
Skill variety
Feedback
Referents
Goal-Setting Theory
15. Goal-Setting Theory; Reinforcement Theory; Designing Motivating Jobs; Equity Theory; Expectancy Theory
Contemporary theories of motivation
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Distributive justice
Skill variety
16. A person's needs for affection - belongingness - acceptance - and friendship
Safety needs
Reinforcement Theory
Social needs
Motivation
17. The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
Job enrichment
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Task identity
18. A framework for analyzing and designing jobs that identifies five primary core job dimensions - their interrelationships - and their impact on outcomes
Distributive justice
Open-book management
Early theories of motivation
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
19. A person's needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm
Job enrichment
Safety needs
Relational perspective of work design
Esteem needs
20. The assumption that employees dislike work - are lazy - avoid responsibility - and must be coerced to perform
Theory X
Distributive justice
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Task significance
21. A motivational approach in which an organization's financial statements (the 'books') are shared with all employees
Job enrichment
Reinforcement Theory
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Open-book management
22. The drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards
Expectancy Theory
Proactive perspective of work design
Need for achievement (nAch)
Job enlargement
23. The degree to which a job provides substantial freedom - independence - and discretion to the individual in scheduling work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Open-book management
Autonomy
Three-Needs Theory
24. Perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards
Theory Y
Three-Needs Theory
Distributive justice
Procedural justice
25. The theory that an employee compares his or her job's input-outcome ratio with that of relevant others and then corrects any inequity
Early theories of motivation
Equity theory
Hygiene factors
Procedural justice
26. The assumption that employees are creative - enjoy work - seek responsibility - and can exercise self-direction
Theory Y
Goal-Setting Theory
Distributive justice
Need for power (nPow)
27. A person's needs for food - drink - shelter - sexual satisfaction - and other physical needs
Physiological needs
Expectancy Theory
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
28. The persons - systems - or selves against which individuals compare themselves to assess equity
Feedback
Proactive perspective of work design
Referents
Relational perspective of work design
29. Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but don't motivate
Esteem needs
Job depth
Hygiene factors
Motivation
30. The horizontal expansion of a job by increasing job scope
Hygiene factors
Job enlargement
Job enrichment
Reinforcers
31. The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome
Distributive justice
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Self-actualization needs
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
32. A person's needs for internal factors such as self-respect - autonomy - and achievement - and external factors such as status - recognition - and attention
Equity theory
Esteem needs
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Proactive perspective of work design
33. Variable compensation plans that pay employees on the basis of some performance measure
Job design
Open-book management
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Pay-for-performance
34. Work practices designed to elicit greater input of involvement from workers
Hygiene factors
High-involvement work practices
Job depth
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
35. The theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Expectancy Theory
Feedback
Autonomy
Pay-for-performance
36. Maslow's theory that human needs - physiological - safety - social - esteem - and self-actualization - form a sort of hierarchy
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37. The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Reinforcers
Three-Needs Theory
Task significance
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
38. The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Job enrichment
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Open-book management
39. A person's needs to become what he or she is capable of becoming
Need for power (nPow)
Job enrichment
Self-actualization needs
Safety needs
40. The theory that behavior is a function of its consequences
Equity theory
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Reinforcement Theory
Need for power (nPow)
41. The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated
Job scope
Motivators
Open-book management
Reinforcement Theory
42. Consequences immediately following a behavior - which increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated
Reinforcers
Proactive perspective of work design
Esteem needs
Equity theory
43. The way tasks are combined to form complete jobs
Job design
Social needs
High-involvement work practices
Pay-for-performance
44. The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Reinforcement Theory
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
45. Personal attention and expressing interest - approval - and appreciation for a job well done
Task significance
Contemporary theories of motivation
Social needs
Employee recognition programs
46. The motivation theory that says three acquired (not innate) needs - achievement - power - and affiliation - are major motives in work
Three-Needs Theory
Motivators
Job enlargement
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
47. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory; McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y; Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory; Three-Needs Theory
Early theories of motivation
Physiological needs
Autonomy
Three-Needs Theory
48. The degree to which a job requires a variety of activities so that an employee can use a number of different skills and talents
Self-efficacy
Job design
Task significance
Skill variety