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Test your basic knowledge |
Management 101: Motivation
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 48 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A motivational approach in which an organization's financial statements (the 'books') are shared with all employees
Self-actualization needs
Open-book management
Contemporary theories of motivation
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
2. Maslow's theory that human needs - physiological - safety - social - esteem - and self-actualization - form a sort of hierarchy
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3. Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals
Distributive justice
Equity theory
Need for power (nPow)
Open-book management
4. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory; McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y; Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory; Three-Needs Theory
Self-actualization needs
Relational perspective of work design
Early theories of motivation
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
5. A person's needs to become what he or she is capable of becoming
Need for power (nPow)
Self-actualization needs
Referents
Pay-for-performance
6. Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but don't motivate
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Esteem needs
Hygiene factors
7. The drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards
Physiological needs
Theory X
Need for achievement (nAch)
Motivators
8. The assumption that employees dislike work - are lazy - avoid responsibility - and must be coerced to perform
Task identity
Theory X
Procedural justice
Safety needs
9. The way tasks are combined to form complete jobs
Three-Needs Theory
Reinforcers
Employee recognition programs
Job design
10. An approach to job design that focuses on how people's tasks and jobs are increasingly based on social relationships
Relational perspective of work design
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Core job dimensions in JCM
Goal-Setting Theory
11. A framework for analyzing and designing jobs that identifies five primary core job dimensions - their interrelationships - and their impact on outcomes
Reinforcers
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Job scope
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
12. The degree to which carrying out work activities required by a job results in the individual's obtaining direct and clear information about his or her performance effectiveness
Distributive justice
Feedback
Early theories of motivation
Open-book management
13. An approach to job design in which employees take the initiative to change how their work is determined
Proactive perspective of work design
Self-efficacy
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Relational perspective of work design
14. The theory that an employee compares his or her job's input-outcome ratio with that of relevant others and then corrects any inequity
Safety needs
Equity theory
Goal-Setting Theory
Autonomy
15. Perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards
Reinforcement Theory
Procedural justice
Autonomy
Goal-Setting Theory
16. A person's needs for affection - belongingness - acceptance - and friendship
Social needs
Esteem needs
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Hygiene factors
17. Variable compensation plans that pay employees on the basis of some performance measure
Self-efficacy
Safety needs
Pay-for-performance
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
18. The degree to which a job provides substantial freedom - independence - and discretion to the individual in scheduling work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out
Job depth
Hygiene factors
Job enrichment
Autonomy
19. The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
Job design
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Autonomy
Physiological needs
20. The theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Expectancy Theory
Reinforcement Theory
Relational perspective of work design
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
21. A person's needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm
Safety needs
Expectancy Theory
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Core job dimensions in JCM
22. A person's needs for internal factors such as self-respect - autonomy - and achievement - and external factors such as status - recognition - and attention
Autonomy
Skill variety
Esteem needs
Open-book management
23. The process by which a person's efforts are energized - directed - and sustained toward attaining a goal
Motivation
Task significance
Motivators
Job depth
24. The horizontal expansion of a job by increasing job scope
Job enlargement
Self-efficacy
Esteem needs
Distributive justice
25. Personal attention and expressing interest - approval - and appreciation for a job well done
Physiological needs
Expectancy Theory
Reinforcement Theory
Employee recognition programs
26. An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Theory X
Self-efficacy
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
27. The degree of control employees have over their work
Hygiene factors
Motivation
Job depth
Expectancy Theory
28. Goal-Setting Theory; Reinforcement Theory; Designing Motivating Jobs; Equity Theory; Expectancy Theory
Contemporary theories of motivation
Open-book management
Skill variety
Hygiene factors
29. The motivation theory that says three acquired (not innate) needs - achievement - power - and affiliation - are major motives in work
Safety needs
Three-Needs Theory
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Feedback
30. The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
Early theories of motivation
Feedback
Task identity
Theory Y
31. The assumption that employees are creative - enjoy work - seek responsibility - and can exercise self-direction
Hygiene factors
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Theory Y
Reinforcers
32. Skill variety; Task identity; Task significance; Autonomy; Feedback
Self-actualization needs
Core job dimensions in JCM
Open-book management
Job enrichment
33. The degree to which a job requires a variety of activities so that an employee can use a number of different skills and talents
Social needs
Need for achievement (nAch)
Contemporary theories of motivation
Skill variety
34. The need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise
Need for power (nPow)
Expectancy Theory
Theory Y
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
35. Consequences immediately following a behavior - which increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated
Theory Y
Relational perspective of work design
Reinforcers
Contemporary theories of motivation
36. The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Theory Y
Motivation
Feedback
37. The vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities
Relational perspective of work design
Job enrichment
Theory Y
Job scope
38. The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated
Self-efficacy
Social needs
Job scope
Esteem needs
39. The motivation theory that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and motivation - whereas extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction
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40. The theory that behavior is a function of its consequences
Need for achievement (nAch)
Reinforcement Theory
Need for power (nPow)
Procedural justice
41. Work practices designed to elicit greater input of involvement from workers
High-involvement work practices
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Proactive perspective of work design
Skill variety
42. The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Need for power (nPow)
Task significance
Theory X
Core job dimensions in JCM
43. The proposition that specific goals increase performance and that difficult goals - when accepted - result in higher performance than do easy goals
Reinforcement Theory
Expectancy Theory
Equity theory
Goal-Setting Theory
44. The importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job
Early theories of motivation
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Feedback
45. A person's needs for food - drink - shelter - sexual satisfaction - and other physical needs
Physiological needs
Contemporary theories of motivation
Equity theory
Goal-Setting Theory
46. Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Relational perspective of work design
Need for achievement (nAch)
Motivators
47. The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance
Motivators
Job scope
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Employee recognition programs
48. The persons - systems - or selves against which individuals compare themselves to assess equity
Referents
Theory Y
Equity theory
Open-book management