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Test your basic knowledge |
Management 101: Motivation
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 48 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task
Self-efficacy
Need for achievement (nAch)
Task significance
Expectancy Theory
2. The importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Job enlargement
Need for achievement (nAch)
Early theories of motivation
3. A person's needs for food - drink - shelter - sexual satisfaction - and other physical needs
Physiological needs
Goal-Setting Theory
Early theories of motivation
Three-Needs Theory
4. The way tasks are combined to form complete jobs
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Equity theory
Job design
Motivators
5. The degree to which carrying out work activities required by a job results in the individual's obtaining direct and clear information about his or her performance effectiveness
Reinforcers
Task identity
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Feedback
6. A person's needs for internal factors such as self-respect - autonomy - and achievement - and external factors such as status - recognition - and attention
Theory Y
Esteem needs
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Self-efficacy
7. Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but don't motivate
Pay-for-performance
Job design
Contemporary theories of motivation
Hygiene factors
8. The vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities
Job enrichment
Three-Needs Theory
Distributive justice
Motivators
9. The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
Skill variety
Relational perspective of work design
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Pay-for-performance
10. The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated
Safety needs
Physiological needs
Task identity
Job scope
11. Maslow's theory that human needs - physiological - safety - social - esteem - and self-actualization - form a sort of hierarchy
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12. Goal-Setting Theory; Reinforcement Theory; Designing Motivating Jobs; Equity Theory; Expectancy Theory
Safety needs
Contemporary theories of motivation
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Physiological needs
13. The persons - systems - or selves against which individuals compare themselves to assess equity
Proactive perspective of work design
Pay-for-performance
Motivators
Referents
14. The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Relational perspective of work design
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Motivators
15. Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals
Distributive justice
Social needs
Task significance
Open-book management
16. The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
Self-efficacy
Task identity
Theory X
Procedural justice
17. The theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Job design
Expectancy Theory
Job scope
Task identity
18. Personal attention and expressing interest - approval - and appreciation for a job well done
Relational perspective of work design
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Employee recognition programs
19. The degree to which a job requires a variety of activities so that an employee can use a number of different skills and talents
Theory X
Esteem needs
Skill variety
Core job dimensions in JCM
20. An approach to job design in which employees take the initiative to change how their work is determined
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Early theories of motivation
Proactive perspective of work design
Pay-for-performance
21. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory; McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y; Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory; Three-Needs Theory
Early theories of motivation
Goal-Setting Theory
Job depth
Reinforcement Theory
22. A person's needs for affection - belongingness - acceptance - and friendship
Theory X
Feedback
Contemporary theories of motivation
Social needs
23. A motivational approach in which an organization's financial statements (the 'books') are shared with all employees
Job design
Referents
Open-book management
Social needs
24. Variable compensation plans that pay employees on the basis of some performance measure
Pay-for-performance
Contemporary theories of motivation
Open-book management
Hygiene factors
25. The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
High-involvement work practices
Proactive perspective of work design
Reinforcers
Task significance
26. The assumption that employees are creative - enjoy work - seek responsibility - and can exercise self-direction
Theory Y
Need for achievement (nAch)
Distributive justice
Safety needs
27. Skill variety; Task identity; Task significance; Autonomy; Feedback
Reinforcers
Core job dimensions in JCM
Autonomy
Early theories of motivation
28. The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome
Expectancy Theory
Proactive perspective of work design
Goal-Setting Theory
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
29. The motivation theory that says three acquired (not innate) needs - achievement - power - and affiliation - are major motives in work
Job design
Task identity
Three-Needs Theory
Job depth
30. A person's needs to become what he or she is capable of becoming
Procedural justice
Self-actualization needs
Social needs
Job design
31. The need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise
Need for achievement (nAch)
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Need for power (nPow)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
32. The process by which a person's efforts are energized - directed - and sustained toward attaining a goal
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Job scope
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Motivation
33. The assumption that employees dislike work - are lazy - avoid responsibility - and must be coerced to perform
Referents
Theory X
Distributive justice
Need for power (nPow)
34. The drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Need for achievement (nAch)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Job enrichment
35. The theory that an employee compares his or her job's input-outcome ratio with that of relevant others and then corrects any inequity
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Equity theory
Autonomy
Distributive justice
36. A person's needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm
Self-efficacy
Job scope
Safety needs
Early theories of motivation
37. The degree to which a job provides substantial freedom - independence - and discretion to the individual in scheduling work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Autonomy
Social needs
Job scope
38. The proposition that specific goals increase performance and that difficult goals - when accepted - result in higher performance than do easy goals
Goal-Setting Theory
Self-actualization needs
Feedback
Job design
39. The theory that behavior is a function of its consequences
Reinforcement Theory
Proactive perspective of work design
Self-actualization needs
Job depth
40. The motivation theory that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and motivation - whereas extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction
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41. The horizontal expansion of a job by increasing job scope
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Early theories of motivation
Job enlargement
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
42. Work practices designed to elicit greater input of involvement from workers
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
High-involvement work practices
Motivation
Goal-Setting Theory
43. An approach to job design that focuses on how people's tasks and jobs are increasingly based on social relationships
Job enrichment
Theory Y
Relational perspective of work design
Theory X
44. A framework for analyzing and designing jobs that identifies five primary core job dimensions - their interrelationships - and their impact on outcomes
Distributive justice
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Safety needs
Equity theory
45. Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Job enlargement
Expectancy Theory
Equity theory
Motivators
46. Perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards
Open-book management
Task significance
Procedural justice
Physiological needs
47. Consequences immediately following a behavior - which increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated
Job enrichment
Reinforcers
Physiological needs
Feedback
48. The degree of control employees have over their work
Theory Y
Job depth
Self-efficacy
Contemporary theories of motivation