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Test your basic knowledge |
Management 101: Motivation
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 48 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Esteem needs
Skill variety
Early theories of motivation
2. The horizontal expansion of a job by increasing job scope
Reinforcers
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Esteem needs
Job enlargement
3. The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Motivators
Task identity
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
4. Consequences immediately following a behavior - which increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated
Employee recognition programs
Esteem needs
Expectancy Theory
Reinforcers
5. The way tasks are combined to form complete jobs
Reinforcers
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Job design
6. Variable compensation plans that pay employees on the basis of some performance measure
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Referents
Core job dimensions in JCM
Pay-for-performance
7. Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals
Job scope
Safety needs
Distributive justice
Expectancy Theory
8. A person's needs for internal factors such as self-respect - autonomy - and achievement - and external factors such as status - recognition - and attention
Physiological needs
Core job dimensions in JCM
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Esteem needs
9. A person's needs for affection - belongingness - acceptance - and friendship
Theory Y
Core job dimensions in JCM
Social needs
Job enrichment
10. An approach to job design that focuses on how people's tasks and jobs are increasingly based on social relationships
Reinforcement Theory
Goal-Setting Theory
Relational perspective of work design
Skill variety
11. The degree of control employees have over their work
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Job depth
Social needs
Need for power (nPow)
12. The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Job scope
Three-Needs Theory
Self-actualization needs
13. Goal-Setting Theory; Reinforcement Theory; Designing Motivating Jobs; Equity Theory; Expectancy Theory
Job design
Contemporary theories of motivation
Reinforcement Theory
Pay-for-performance
14. The proposition that specific goals increase performance and that difficult goals - when accepted - result in higher performance than do easy goals
Open-book management
Early theories of motivation
Esteem needs
Goal-Setting Theory
15. The drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards
Need for achievement (nAch)
Relational perspective of work design
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Job enrichment
16. A motivational approach in which an organization's financial statements (the 'books') are shared with all employees
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Open-book management
Pay-for-performance
17. A person's needs for food - drink - shelter - sexual satisfaction - and other physical needs
Self-actualization needs
Skill variety
Early theories of motivation
Physiological needs
18. Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but don't motivate
Feedback
Hygiene factors
Task significance
Motivation
19. Perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards
Distributive justice
Procedural justice
Feedback
Proactive perspective of work design
20. The assumption that employees dislike work - are lazy - avoid responsibility - and must be coerced to perform
Self-actualization needs
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
High-involvement work practices
Theory X
21. The theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Contemporary theories of motivation
Equity theory
Expectancy Theory
22. Skill variety; Task identity; Task significance; Autonomy; Feedback
Task identity
Self-actualization needs
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Core job dimensions in JCM
23. A person's needs to become what he or she is capable of becoming
Self-actualization needs
Motivation
Feedback
Theory Y
24. The theory that behavior is a function of its consequences
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Theory X
Reinforcement Theory
Equity theory
25. Personal attention and expressing interest - approval - and appreciation for a job well done
Employee recognition programs
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
High-involvement work practices
Equity theory
26. The degree to which a job requires a variety of activities so that an employee can use a number of different skills and talents
Self-efficacy
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Job enlargement
Skill variety
27. The degree to which carrying out work activities required by a job results in the individual's obtaining direct and clear information about his or her performance effectiveness
Job design
Relational perspective of work design
Job enlargement
Feedback
28. The vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities
Relational perspective of work design
Job enrichment
Job scope
Task significance
29. The assumption that employees are creative - enjoy work - seek responsibility - and can exercise self-direction
Theory Y
Employee recognition programs
Esteem needs
Need for power (nPow)
30. The theory that an employee compares his or her job's input-outcome ratio with that of relevant others and then corrects any inequity
Equity theory
High-involvement work practices
Job scope
Contemporary theories of motivation
31. The motivation theory that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and motivation - whereas extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction
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32. The motivation theory that says three acquired (not innate) needs - achievement - power - and affiliation - are major motives in work
Job scope
Relational perspective of work design
Three-Needs Theory
Employee recognition programs
33. Work practices designed to elicit greater input of involvement from workers
Job enlargement
Hygiene factors
Proactive perspective of work design
High-involvement work practices
34. A person's needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm
Safety needs
Open-book management
Job enlargement
Need for achievement (nAch)
35. The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome
Motivation
Referents
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Task significance
36. An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task
Pay-for-performance
Feedback
Physiological needs
Self-efficacy
37. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory; McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y; Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory; Three-Needs Theory
Task identity
Procedural justice
Esteem needs
Early theories of motivation
38. Maslow's theory that human needs - physiological - safety - social - esteem - and self-actualization - form a sort of hierarchy
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39. The degree to which a job provides substantial freedom - independence - and discretion to the individual in scheduling work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out
Motivation
Autonomy
Need for power (nPow)
Employee recognition programs
40. The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
Feedback
Open-book management
Task significance
Need for affiliation (nAff)
41. The need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise
Relational perspective of work design
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Need for power (nPow)
Skill variety
42. The persons - systems - or selves against which individuals compare themselves to assess equity
Need for achievement (nAch)
Esteem needs
Referents
Job design
43. The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance
Task identity
Procedural justice
Job design
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
44. A framework for analyzing and designing jobs that identifies five primary core job dimensions - their interrelationships - and their impact on outcomes
Distributive justice
Task significance
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
45. An approach to job design in which employees take the initiative to change how their work is determined
Esteem needs
Feedback
Proactive perspective of work design
Relational perspective of work design
46. The process by which a person's efforts are energized - directed - and sustained toward attaining a goal
Motivation
Theory X
Autonomy
Three-Needs Theory
47. Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Motivators
Esteem needs
Open-book management
Three-Needs Theory
48. The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Job design
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Task significance
Early theories of motivation