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Test your basic knowledge |
Management 101: Motivation
Start Test
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 48 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals
Distributive justice
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Expectancy Theory
Equity theory
2. Consequences immediately following a behavior - which increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated
Reinforcers
Self-actualization needs
Self-efficacy
Need for power (nPow)
3. The degree of control employees have over their work
Job depth
Social needs
Job enrichment
Task identity
4. The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Equity theory
Task significance
Theory X
Job scope
5. The drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Early theories of motivation
Need for achievement (nAch)
6. Maslow's theory that human needs - physiological - safety - social - esteem - and self-actualization - form a sort of hierarchy
7. The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
High-involvement work practices
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Self-efficacy
Pay-for-performance
8. Skill variety; Task identity; Task significance; Autonomy; Feedback
Motivators
Core job dimensions in JCM
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Procedural justice
9. The theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Social needs
Relational perspective of work design
Expectancy Theory
Theory X
10. The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Job design
Core job dimensions in JCM
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
11. An approach to job design in which employees take the initiative to change how their work is determined
Procedural justice
Proactive perspective of work design
Task significance
Employee recognition programs
12. An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task
Need for achievement (nAch)
Self-efficacy
Relational perspective of work design
Reinforcers
13. A person's needs for affection - belongingness - acceptance - and friendship
Three-Needs Theory
Social needs
Job enlargement
Reinforcers
14. An approach to job design that focuses on how people's tasks and jobs are increasingly based on social relationships
Job design
Relational perspective of work design
Core job dimensions in JCM
Job scope
15. The theory that an employee compares his or her job's input-outcome ratio with that of relevant others and then corrects any inequity
Self-efficacy
Relational perspective of work design
Equity theory
Core job dimensions in JCM
16. A motivational approach in which an organization's financial statements (the 'books') are shared with all employees
Open-book management
Need for achievement (nAch)
Autonomy
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
17. A person's needs to become what he or she is capable of becoming
Self-actualization needs
Core job dimensions in JCM
Motivators
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
18. The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
Social needs
Task identity
Procedural justice
Skill variety
19. The persons - systems - or selves against which individuals compare themselves to assess equity
Referents
Reinforcers
Reinforcement Theory
Distributive justice
20. The importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job
Need for power (nPow)
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Employee recognition programs
Self-actualization needs
21. The degree to which a job provides substantial freedom - independence - and discretion to the individual in scheduling work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out
Early theories of motivation
Feedback
Autonomy
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
22. Work practices designed to elicit greater input of involvement from workers
Hygiene factors
High-involvement work practices
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Expectancy Theory
23. Goal-Setting Theory; Reinforcement Theory; Designing Motivating Jobs; Equity Theory; Expectancy Theory
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Physiological needs
Job design
Contemporary theories of motivation
24. A person's needs for internal factors such as self-respect - autonomy - and achievement - and external factors such as status - recognition - and attention
Relational perspective of work design
Referents
Esteem needs
Job scope
25. The process by which a person's efforts are energized - directed - and sustained toward attaining a goal
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Theory X
Motivation
Reinforcers
26. The proposition that specific goals increase performance and that difficult goals - when accepted - result in higher performance than do easy goals
Self-actualization needs
Goal-Setting Theory
Safety needs
Motivation
27. A framework for analyzing and designing jobs that identifies five primary core job dimensions - their interrelationships - and their impact on outcomes
Task identity
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Need for power (nPow)
28. The need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise
Task identity
Hygiene factors
Need for power (nPow)
Autonomy
29. Personal attention and expressing interest - approval - and appreciation for a job well done
Employee recognition programs
Referents
Job depth
Autonomy
30. The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Pay-for-performance
Goal-Setting Theory
Motivation
31. The assumption that employees dislike work - are lazy - avoid responsibility - and must be coerced to perform
Task identity
Self-efficacy
Job scope
Theory X
32. The degree to which a job requires a variety of activities so that an employee can use a number of different skills and talents
Expectancy Theory
Self-actualization needs
Skill variety
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
33. A person's needs for food - drink - shelter - sexual satisfaction - and other physical needs
Esteem needs
Job depth
Reinforcement Theory
Physiological needs
34. The horizontal expansion of a job by increasing job scope
Distributive justice
Job enlargement
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Relational perspective of work design
35. A person's needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm
Procedural justice
Referents
Safety needs
Task significance
36. Variable compensation plans that pay employees on the basis of some performance measure
Job scope
Esteem needs
Relational perspective of work design
Pay-for-performance
37. The degree to which carrying out work activities required by a job results in the individual's obtaining direct and clear information about his or her performance effectiveness
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Job enrichment
Feedback
Core job dimensions in JCM
38. The motivation theory that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and motivation - whereas extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction
39. The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated
Relational perspective of work design
Job scope
Autonomy
Esteem needs
40. The motivation theory that says three acquired (not innate) needs - achievement - power - and affiliation - are major motives in work
Contemporary theories of motivation
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Three-Needs Theory
Core job dimensions in JCM
41. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory; McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y; Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory; Three-Needs Theory
Theory X
Three-Needs Theory
Early theories of motivation
Reinforcement Theory
42. The theory that behavior is a function of its consequences
Reinforcement Theory
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Referents
Relational perspective of work design
43. Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but don't motivate
Hygiene factors
Physiological needs
Expectancy Theory
Open-book management
44. Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Social needs
Skill variety
Self-efficacy
Motivators
45. Perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards
Skill variety
Feedback
Task identity
Procedural justice
46. The assumption that employees are creative - enjoy work - seek responsibility - and can exercise self-direction
Reinforcers
Theory Y
Procedural justice
Self-actualization needs
47. The way tasks are combined to form complete jobs
Motivation
Need for achievement (nAch)
Feedback
Job design
48. The vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities
Job enrichment
Employee recognition programs
Reinforcement Theory
Valence (attractiveness of reward)