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Test your basic knowledge |
Management 101: Motivation
Start Test
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 48 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Work practices designed to elicit greater input of involvement from workers
Procedural justice
Skill variety
Self-actualization needs
High-involvement work practices
2. The persons - systems - or selves against which individuals compare themselves to assess equity
Referents
Proactive perspective of work design
Procedural justice
Task significance
3. Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Proactive perspective of work design
Motivators
Motivation
Need for achievement (nAch)
4. The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated
Job depth
Three-Needs Theory
Job scope
Self-efficacy
5. Consequences immediately following a behavior - which increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated
Reinforcers
Proactive perspective of work design
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Task identity
6. The degree to which a job provides substantial freedom - independence - and discretion to the individual in scheduling work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out
Proactive perspective of work design
Task significance
Autonomy
Goal-Setting Theory
7. The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Need for achievement (nAch)
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Reinforcement Theory
8. The process by which a person's efforts are energized - directed - and sustained toward attaining a goal
Hygiene factors
Motivators
Motivation
Safety needs
9. Personal attention and expressing interest - approval - and appreciation for a job well done
Employee recognition programs
Job scope
Task identity
Feedback
10. The assumption that employees dislike work - are lazy - avoid responsibility - and must be coerced to perform
Theory X
High-involvement work practices
Need for achievement (nAch)
Need for affiliation (nAff)
11. A person's needs for internal factors such as self-respect - autonomy - and achievement - and external factors such as status - recognition - and attention
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Reinforcement Theory
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Esteem needs
12. A person's needs for affection - belongingness - acceptance - and friendship
Safety needs
Physiological needs
Reinforcement Theory
Social needs
13. Variable compensation plans that pay employees on the basis of some performance measure
Safety needs
Pay-for-performance
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Skill variety
14. The degree to which carrying out work activities required by a job results in the individual's obtaining direct and clear information about his or her performance effectiveness
Feedback
Expectancy Theory
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Task identity
15. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory; McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y; Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory; Three-Needs Theory
Early theories of motivation
Job design
Safety needs
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
16. A person's needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm
Need for power (nPow)
Contemporary theories of motivation
Task significance
Safety needs
17. The way tasks are combined to form complete jobs
Job design
Goal-Setting Theory
Job depth
Equity theory
18. The vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Job enrichment
Need for achievement (nAch)
19. The motivation theory that says three acquired (not innate) needs - achievement - power - and affiliation - are major motives in work
Three-Needs Theory
Reinforcement Theory
Self-efficacy
Early theories of motivation
20. Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals
Three-Needs Theory
Expectancy Theory
Distributive justice
Feedback
21. The drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards
Need for achievement (nAch)
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Referents
Motivation
22. A person's needs for food - drink - shelter - sexual satisfaction - and other physical needs
Physiological needs
Job scope
Early theories of motivation
Hygiene factors
23. The degree to which a job requires a variety of activities so that an employee can use a number of different skills and talents
Physiological needs
Skill variety
Hygiene factors
High-involvement work practices
24. A person's needs to become what he or she is capable of becoming
Referents
Early theories of motivation
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Self-actualization needs
25. Skill variety; Task identity; Task significance; Autonomy; Feedback
Task identity
Core job dimensions in JCM
Equity theory
Safety needs
26. The theory that behavior is a function of its consequences
Task identity
Reinforcement Theory
Motivation
Need for achievement (nAch)
27. The motivation theory that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and motivation - whereas extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction
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28. The importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job
Self-efficacy
Relational perspective of work design
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Core job dimensions in JCM
29. The horizontal expansion of a job by increasing job scope
Hygiene factors
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Safety needs
Job enlargement
30. Perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards
Feedback
Distributive justice
Task significance
Procedural justice
31. An approach to job design in which employees take the initiative to change how their work is determined
Theory X
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Proactive perspective of work design
Referents
32. A motivational approach in which an organization's financial statements (the 'books') are shared with all employees
Employee recognition programs
Social needs
Open-book management
Autonomy
33. The theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Expectancy Theory
Safety needs
Motivators
Esteem needs
34. The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Task identity
Esteem needs
35. Goal-Setting Theory; Reinforcement Theory; Designing Motivating Jobs; Equity Theory; Expectancy Theory
Skill variety
Social needs
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Contemporary theories of motivation
36. The theory that an employee compares his or her job's input-outcome ratio with that of relevant others and then corrects any inequity
Goal-Setting Theory
Task identity
Physiological needs
Equity theory
37. Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but don't motivate
Early theories of motivation
Hygiene factors
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Employee recognition programs
38. The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Referents
Task significance
Early theories of motivation
Theory Y
39. The need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise
Distributive justice
Need for power (nPow)
Task identity
Theory Y
40. The proposition that specific goals increase performance and that difficult goals - when accepted - result in higher performance than do easy goals
Goal-Setting Theory
Job scope
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Feedback
41. The assumption that employees are creative - enjoy work - seek responsibility - and can exercise self-direction
Pay-for-performance
Procedural justice
High-involvement work practices
Theory Y
42. The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
Hygiene factors
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Physiological needs
Job design
43. Maslow's theory that human needs - physiological - safety - social - esteem - and self-actualization - form a sort of hierarchy
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44. A framework for analyzing and designing jobs that identifies five primary core job dimensions - their interrelationships - and their impact on outcomes
Social needs
Self-actualization needs
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Task identity
45. An approach to job design that focuses on how people's tasks and jobs are increasingly based on social relationships
High-involvement work practices
Job design
Job depth
Relational perspective of work design
46. An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task
Self-efficacy
Relational perspective of work design
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
47. The degree of control employees have over their work
Job depth
Contemporary theories of motivation
Job scope
Distributive justice
48. The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome
Referents
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Proactive perspective of work design
Pay-for-performance