SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Management 101: Motivation
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 48 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Work practices designed to elicit greater input of involvement from workers
High-involvement work practices
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Three-Needs Theory
Theory Y
2. The assumption that employees are creative - enjoy work - seek responsibility - and can exercise self-direction
High-involvement work practices
Theory Y
Self-actualization needs
Self-efficacy
3. The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated
Job scope
Self-actualization needs
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Reinforcement Theory
4. Goal-Setting Theory; Reinforcement Theory; Designing Motivating Jobs; Equity Theory; Expectancy Theory
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Hygiene factors
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Contemporary theories of motivation
5. The importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Job scope
Theory Y
6. The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance
High-involvement work practices
Pay-for-performance
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Reinforcement Theory
7. The process by which a person's efforts are energized - directed - and sustained toward attaining a goal
Feedback
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Motivation
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
8. The drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards
Need for achievement (nAch)
Motivators
Theory X
Job enrichment
9. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory; McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y; Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory; Three-Needs Theory
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Expectancy Theory
Early theories of motivation
Job scope
10. The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
Need for achievement (nAch)
Task identity
Employee recognition programs
Job depth
11. The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Need for power (nPow)
Distributive justice
Need for achievement (nAch)
12. The degree to which carrying out work activities required by a job results in the individual's obtaining direct and clear information about his or her performance effectiveness
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Feedback
Early theories of motivation
13. The degree to which a job provides substantial freedom - independence - and discretion to the individual in scheduling work and determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out
Autonomy
Motivation
Hygiene factors
Job enlargement
14. The need to make others behave in a way that they would not have behaved otherwise
Referents
Proactive perspective of work design
Need for power (nPow)
Relational perspective of work design
15. Variable compensation plans that pay employees on the basis of some performance measure
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Need for power (nPow)
Employee recognition programs
Pay-for-performance
16. An approach to job design in which employees take the initiative to change how their work is determined
Theory Y
Pay-for-performance
Task significance
Proactive perspective of work design
17. The desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
Relational perspective of work design
Employee recognition programs
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Early theories of motivation
18. Maslow's theory that human needs - physiological - safety - social - esteem - and self-actualization - form a sort of hierarchy
19. The assumption that employees dislike work - are lazy - avoid responsibility - and must be coerced to perform
Theory X
Reinforcers
Open-book management
Safety needs
20. The way tasks are combined to form complete jobs
Motivators
Job design
Referents
Distributive justice
21. A person's needs for affection - belongingness - acceptance - and friendship
Expectancy Theory
Need for affiliation (nAff)
Expectancy (effort-performance linkage)
Social needs
22. An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task
Self-efficacy
High-involvement work practices
Expectancy Theory
Motivators
23. A person's needs for security and protection from physical and emotional harm
Goal-Setting Theory
Job enrichment
Safety needs
High-involvement work practices
24. Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but don't motivate
Equity theory
Hygiene factors
Theory X
Expectancy Theory
25. The degree to which a job requires a variety of activities so that an employee can use a number of different skills and talents
Open-book management
Theory X
Social needs
Skill variety
26. The persons - systems - or selves against which individuals compare themselves to assess equity
Distributive justice
Referents
Procedural justice
Feedback
27. The vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities
Job enrichment
Core job dimensions in JCM
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Distributive justice
28. An approach to job design that focuses on how people's tasks and jobs are increasingly based on social relationships
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Hygiene factors
Relational perspective of work design
Motivators
29. Perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards
Procedural justice
High-involvement work practices
Hygiene factors
Self-efficacy
30. The theory that an employee compares his or her job's input-outcome ratio with that of relevant others and then corrects any inequity
Valence (attractiveness of reward)
Equity theory
Job scope
Procedural justice
31. Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Job enlargement
Motivators
Referents
Motivation
32. The motivation theory that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction and motivation - whereas extrinsic factors are associated with job dissatisfaction
33. The horizontal expansion of a job by increasing job scope
Job scope
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Job enlargement
Social needs
34. Personal attention and expressing interest - approval - and appreciation for a job well done
Self-efficacy
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Task significance
Employee recognition programs
35. A person's needs for food - drink - shelter - sexual satisfaction - and other physical needs
Job design
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
Distributive justice
Physiological needs
36. A person's needs to become what he or she is capable of becoming
Motivation
Expectancy Theory
Self-actualization needs
Proactive perspective of work design
37. Consequences immediately following a behavior - which increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated
Reinforcers
Autonomy
Early theories of motivation
Task significance
38. The theory that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Task identity
Safety needs
Proactive perspective of work design
Expectancy Theory
39. A motivational approach in which an organization's financial statements (the 'books') are shared with all employees
Expectancy Theory
Open-book management
Task significance
Skill variety
40. The motivation theory that says three acquired (not innate) needs - achievement - power - and affiliation - are major motives in work
Need for achievement (nAch)
Procedural justice
Three-Needs Theory
Motivators
41. A person's needs for internal factors such as self-respect - autonomy - and achievement - and external factors such as status - recognition - and attention
Open-book management
Core job dimensions in JCM
Referents
Esteem needs
42. The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Pay-for-performance
Hygiene factors
Task significance
Three-Needs Theory
43. The theory that behavior is a function of its consequences
Need for power (nPow)
Reinforcement Theory
Referents
Physiological needs
44. Skill variety; Task identity; Task significance; Autonomy; Feedback
Core job dimensions in JCM
Three-Needs Theory
Job enlargement
Reinforcement Theory
45. Perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals
Distributive justice
Self-actualization needs
Job depth
Physiological needs
46. The proposition that specific goals increase performance and that difficult goals - when accepted - result in higher performance than do easy goals
Job scope
Reinforcers
Skill variety
Goal-Setting Theory
47. A framework for analyzing and designing jobs that identifies five primary core job dimensions - their interrelationships - and their impact on outcomes
Job Characteristics Model (JCM)
Job enrichment
Job enlargement
Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage)
48. The degree of control employees have over their work
Job depth
Feedback
Task significance
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory