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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Reproduction that consists of only females that produce more females from unfertilized eggs






2. Aid in expiration by contracting to pull the ribs downward and decrease the volume of the thoracic cavity (internal intercostal muscles originate in the inferior rib and insert on the superior rib)






3. A skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint






4. Clusters of cells surrounding a single egg. Its function is to help an egg mature for release into the reproductive tract - where it can be fertilized






5. New combination of genetic information in a gamete as a result of crossing over during prophase I of meiosis






6. Forms the main trunk of the body and is composed of the skull - spinal column - ribs - and breastbone






7. Tissue that connects bone to bone






8. The body system that consists of the heart - blood vessels - and blood - and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells






9. The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.






10. Lipid substances with linked sugar groups that are key structural elements in cell membranes and precursors of other biologically active molecules important in cell signaling.. Are also amphipathic and are found in myelinated cells composing the huma






11. A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles.






12. Molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region such as a phosopholipid






13. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.






14. Given to control diabetes insipidus and promote reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules.






15. Lighter - less strong bone that is found in the ends and inner portions of long bones; also called spongy bone






16. Weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms.






17. A semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum






18. Series of anaerobic chemical reactions in which pyruvic acid uses NADH to form lactic acid and NAD+ - which is then used in glycolysis; supplies energy when oxygen for aerobic respiration is scarce






19. Weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in pH






20. Synaptic gap or synaptic space; tiny gap between the terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron (almost never touch); location of the transfer of an impulse from one neuron to the next






21. Assist in proper folding and transport of polypeptides across the ER - Golgi and beyond. Some are constantly synthesized - others are only synthesized by STRESS (heat shock proteins). If the folding is not successful - then the chaperones facilitate






22. Head of the sperm that releases hydrolytic enzymes allowing it to enter the egg






23. An energy carrier that transport less energy than NADH but more than ATP






24. A substance that resembles gelatin and is obtained by boiling cartilage in water






25. After completing meiosis I - these are produced along with a polar body and are released into the fallopian tube.






26. A type of protein filament that interacts with actin filaments to cause cell contraction.






27. A muscle that draws a part toward the median line






28. Hormone that is released from the posterior pituitary in response to nerve impulses. This causes the distal and collecting tubules of the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urinary filtrate.






29. Granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins






30. First and longest phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus






31. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions






32. A chemical bond consisting of a hydrogen atom between two electronegative atoms (e.g. - oxygen or nitrogen) with one side be a covalent bond and the other being an ionic bond






33. The process by which wastes are removed from the body






34. 1) is the 3rd deepest layer of the epidermis 2) Consists of 3-5 layers (only one layer in thin skin) of flattened - dying cells that show signs of nuclear degeneration. 3) The cytoplasm of the cells contain numerous fine grains of Keratohylin Granule






35. Substances formed by the joining of elements through chemical bonding. every molecule of a compound is the same.






36. Duct formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra






37. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. Involved of the transport of materials throughout the cell.






38. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord






39. The final stage of mitosis or meiosis - during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes






40. Gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum - where it mixes with bile to digest food






41. A cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair






42. A biomolecule that binds to the regulatory site of an allosteric protein and thereby modulates its activity. An allosteric modulator may be an activator or an inhibitor. Also known as the allosteric effector.






43. Small organic molecule that regulates the activity of an enzyme for: Neither the substrate or immediate product / Binds to one of the two forms of the enzyme / Binds at allosteric site (regulatory site) / Distinct from the active site: Stabilizes enz






44. The most widespread connective tissue in the vertebrate body. It binds epithelia to underlying tissues and functions as packing material - holding organs in place.






45. The neurotransmitters dopamine - epinephrine - and norepinephrine - which are active in both the brain and the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. These three molecules have certain structural similarities and are part of a larger class of neurotr






46. The removal of an amino group from an organism - particularly from an amino acid






47. Lacking affinity for water






48. A nerve or muscle fibre responds completly or not at all to a stimulus






49. Membranous structure that functions as the circulatory system in mammal embryos until the heart becomes functional






50. A type of glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex. It converts amino acids to glucose - helps to breakdown fats to fatty acids. Decreases glucose uptake by the muscles and increases blood sugar in response to stress. Strong anti - inflammatory