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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Receives blood from lower limbs and abdominal organs and empties into the posterior part of the right atrium of the heart






2. Red blood cells - or RBCs. most numerous of the three types of formed elements present inour blood. Sacs of hemoglobin molecules that transport the bulk of oxygen carried in the blood - as well as a small percentage of the carbon dioxide. 4-6 million






3. A person whose type O Rh - negative blood may be safely transfused into persons with other blood types






4. Abnormal loss of bony tissue resulting in fragile porous bones attributable to a lack of calcium






5. A skeleton on the inside of a creature's body - typically composed of bone or cartilage






6. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules has the same alpha linkages as glycogen






7. Water passively moves out - esp - in hypertonic medulla. Deeper more hypertonic=more H2O absorbed by kidney.






8. Stimulates and sustains a woman's milk production following the birth of an infant






9. Chemicals produced by the body break foods into their smaller chemical building blocks






10. Voluntary - striated muscle that moves bones - works in pairs and is attatched to bones by tendons






11. They way in which DNA base pairs are arranged






12. SPerm discharges hydrolytic enzymes from acrosome - enzymes dissolve egg jelly coat - and acrosomal process adheres to binding receptors on egg surface.






13. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; recognize the splice sites in the pre - mRNA; located in the nucleus and are composed of proteins and RNA






14. Carries both electrons and protons (2 at a time)






15. Predominantly photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms containing a blue pigment in addition to chlorophyll.






16. An enzyme which contains a region to which small regulatory molecules may bind in addition to and separate from the substrate binding site - thereby affecting catalytic activity






17. Form gametes which combine to form zygotes that develope into more sporozoites






18. External female genitalia; includes the labia - hymen - clitoris - and the vaginal orifice






19. A flap of cartilage that covers the windpipe while swallowing






20. Km - is the ratio of the breakdown of an enzyme - substrate complex to its formation in simple Michaelis - Menton reactions. Km is also half Vmax - and a low Km indicates a strong affinity between an enzyme and its substrate.






21. Produces and secretes several peptide hormones that regulate many physiological processes including stress - growth - and reproduction






22. Similar structure to ATP but has only 2 phosphate groups. Partly charged






23. A chart showing the relative amounts of oxygen bound to hemoglobin when the pigment is exposed to solutions varying in their partial pressure of dissolved oxygen - pH - or other characteristics.






24. Any of the small tubules that are the excretory units of the vertebrate kidney - functional unit of the kidney






25. Organisms that are unable to construct their own food from inorganic sources - and therefore must consume other organisms or organic molecules from the outside environment. Function as consumers or decomposers in food chains.






26. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. Involved of the transport of materials throughout the cell.






27. Pressure that has already developed in a solution due to osmosis.






28. The side by side pairing of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes at the start of meiosis






29. An organism that uses energy to control its internal environment






30. Promote the action of the killer T cells and play key roles in humoral immunity and nonspecific defense. All other T cells are involved in cellular immunity only






31. Short - chain RNA molecules present in the cell (in at least 20 varieties - each variety capable of combining with a specific amino acid) that attach the correct amino acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized at the ribosome of the cell (a






32. Neuroepithelial edges of the neural groove - the apical edges of which meet in the midline to close the neural tube






33. Substances formed by the joining of elements through chemical bonding. every molecule of a compound is the same.






34. Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity






35. A substance that resembles gelatin and is obtained by boiling cartilage in water






36. Abnormally high acidity (excess hydrogen - ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues






37. One of the small intracellular globules composed of fats that are mixed cholesterol and coated with special proteins






38. A muscle that contracts without conscious control and found in walls of internal organs such as stomach and intestine and bladder and blood vessels (excluding the heart)






39. Found in pancreatic juice pancreatic amylase; secreted by pancreatic acinar cells; process proteins: terminal amino acids at carboxyl end of peptides






40. Made from cholesterol. Composed of 4 carbon rings attached to distinctive side chains that determine the unique properties of the hormones. Hydrophobic and fat soluble.






41. A capsule of several layers of granulosa cells that surrounds the developing secondary oocyte. this remains intact for when the secondary oocyte enters the uterine tubes






42. The breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes - bacteria - yeasts - or mold in the absence of oxygen






43. The smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of an element; consists of three main types of subatomic particles: protons neutrons and electrons.






44. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions






45. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.






46. Polypeptide chains that contribute to the structure of an antibody. Two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains - joined by disulfide bridges - form a Y- shaped antibody molecule.






47. The cluster of cells inside the blastocyst that eventually develops into the embryo and some of the membranes that surround a mammalian embryo and fetus.






48. When the chromosomes replicate






49. A type of embryonic development in deuterostomes - in which each cell produced by early cleavage divisions retains the capacity to develop into a complete embryo.






50. Synaptic gap or synaptic space; tiny gap between the terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron (almost never touch); location of the transfer of an impulse from one neuron to the next