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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When the chromosomes replicate
immunoglobulin
hromosome replication
oogenesis
allosteric effector
2. The organic process of synthesizing and releasing some substance
Active immunity
ductus arteriosus
secretion
osteons
3. A small cell containing little cytoplasm that is produced along with the oocyte and later discarded
loop of henle
hydrostatic pressure
receptor mediated endocytosis
polar body
4. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.
troponin
prothrombin
route of blood flow
intracellular digestion
5. Brings deoxygenated blood to the heart
interphase
cytochromes
veins
coronary veins
6. The extraembyonic membrane of birds - reptiles and mammals that serves as an area of gaseous exchange and as a site for the storage of noxious excretion products
allantois
complementary pairing
S phase
plasmid
7. The removal of an amino group from an organism - particularly from an amino acid
Unsaturated fatty acid
lacunae
plasma cell
deamination
8. Gonadotropin releasing hormone; a decapeptide hormone produced by the hypothalamus that stimulates the adenohypophysis to release gonadotropins (as luteinizing hormone and follicle - stimulating hormone) -- abbreviation GnRH
GnRH
fallopian tube
ectoderm
acrosome
9. Organisms that are unable to construct their own food from inorganic sources - and therefore must consume other organisms or organic molecules from the outside environment. Function as consumers or decomposers in food chains.
heterotrophic
glomerulus
spermatozoa
myofibrils
10. The neurotransmitters dopamine - epinephrine - and norepinephrine - which are active in both the brain and the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. These three molecules have certain structural similarities and are part of a larger class of neurotr
nuclear pore complex
catecholamines
T lymphocyte
all or none response
11. The most abundant type of white blood cell. Neutrophils are phagocytic and tend to self - destruct as they destroy foreign invaders - limiting their life span to a few days.
neutrophils
Lysosomes
metaphase II
axial skeleton
12. Set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes
metabolism
Binary fission
HRH
melanin
13. Triiodothyronine; strored in follicles - contains iodine. inc basal metabolic rate - stimulates protein synthesis - accelerate body growth and inc the use of glucose for ATP production
3
hepatic portal vein
compact bone
myosin
14. Covalent disulfide bonds between two cystein amino acids - electrostatic interactions between acidic and basic side cains - hydrogen bonds - van derwaals forces - hydrophobic side chains pushed away from water.
forces creating tertiary structure
IgD
Glycosylation
structural proteins
15. Shaft or middle region of long bone that contains layer of spongy bone
leukocytes
diaphysis
proton gradient
glycolysis
16. The two upper chambers of the heart - the receiving areas that pool incoming blood.
anabolism
atria
Nervous Tissue
proteasomes
17. A type of embryonic development in protostomes that rigidly casts the developmental fate of each embryonic cell very early
lactic acid
chief cells
immovable joints
determinate cleavage
18. Fine - collagenous fibers whose networks surround and support the soft tissue of organs - and stabilize the positions of functional cells
hromosome replication
zona pellucida
fetus
reticular fibers
19. Membranous structure that functions as the circulatory system in mammal embryos until the heart becomes functional
pepsinogen
induced fit model
yolk sac
immune system
20. Protein filaments inside a myofibril are organized into repeating functional units - (10 -000/myofibrils) smallest function unit of muscle fibers 1- thick filaments - myosin 2- thin fillament - actin 3- proteins that stablize 4- proteins that will re
cell division
sarcomeres
IgM
gastrin
21. Protein consisting of a small core protein with many carbohydrate chains attached - which can further attach to a long pollysaccharide (making a complex) are the major component of the extracellular matrix
adenylate cyclase
epidermis
Proteoglycan
Cytochromes
22. Animal embryo development stage where cells on one side of the blastula move inward forming a cavity of two or three layers of cells with an opening at one end
gastrula
endometrium
gametocytes
Cofactor
23. The inactive form of pepsin that is first secreted by specialized (chief) cells located in gastric pits of the stomach.
heart rate
Mitotic phase
pepsinogen
gland cells
24. The bonds between the phosphate groups
cardiac muscle
homologous chromosomes
high energy bonds
determinate cleavage
25. One of the main pancreatic proteases; it is activated (from chymotrypsinogen) by trypsin.
endoskeleton
anabolism
chymotrypsin
hypophyseal portal system
26. The third phase of the ovarian cycle - during which a corpus luteum is formed from the remnants of the follicle that has ovulated its oocyte. The corpus luteum secretes progestrone and estrogen during this time period - which typically lasts from day
holoenzyme
bone resorption
spermatozoa
luteal phase
27. Process by which a liquid or gas passes through a filter to remove wastes
epiphyseal plate
autoimmune response
angiotensin II
filtration
28. Induces contraction of the uterine muscles during childbirth and causes the mammary glands to eject milk during nursing
tonus
oxytocin
countertransport
primary spermatocytes
29. The stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle
telophase II
indeterminate cleavage
metaphase
antigen
30. Small - elongated mass of specialized cardiac muscle tissue just beneath the epicardium in the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava - starts impulses
glucocorticoids
gametocytes
immovable joints
sinoatrial node
31. Neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of His
secretion
visceral pleura
atrioventricular node
substrate
32. A fluid - filled sphere formed about 5 days after fertilization of an ovum that is made up of an outer ring of cells and inner cell mass. THis is the structure that implants in the endometrium of the uterus.
spirometer
B lymphocyte
chymotrypsin
blastocyst
33. Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen - rich blood to the heart muscle
enzyme specificity
coronary arteries
mucosa
intramembranous ossification
34. Activated in the duodenum by enterokinase - which is produced in the cells lining the duodenum
Eicosanoid
external nares
neurulation
trypsinogen
35. (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
anabolism
budding
collagen
ATP
36. Organ in placental mammals through which nutrients - oxygen - carbon dioxide - and wastes are exchanged between embryo and mother
villi
fertilization membrane
amylopectin
placenta
37. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; recognize the splice sites in the pre - mRNA; located in the nucleus and are composed of proteins and RNA
distal convoluted tubule
chief cells
snRNP
white fibers
38. The digestive secretion of the pancreas containing sodium bicarbonate - amylase - proteases - and lipases
mitral valve
Glycogen
elastic fibers
pancreatic juice
39. Gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts
homeotherm
inhibiting hormones
cortical sex hormones
exocrine glands
40. Building blocks of lipids. - chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms. Typically there is an even number of carbons with the maximum in humans being 24. Can be saturated or unsaturated.
Fatty acids
glycolysis
metaphase
umbilical arteries
41. Physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules - thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat.
antibody
emulsification
lactic acid
capsid
42. The elastic tension of living muscles - arteries - etc. that facilitate response to stimuli
latent period
tonus
respiratory surface
emulsification
43. Stage of interphase in which cell grows and performs its normal functions - The first growth phase of the cell cycle - consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins.
riacylglycerols
oxidation
G1 phase
transverse tubules
44. Mature spermatids that are fully functional and capable of fertilizing a human ovum
tropomyosin
specific defense mechanism
spermatozoa
monocytes
45. Secreted from the atrial wall of the heart -- stimulates kidney tubles to secrete more sodium
hyperthyroidism
atrial natriuretic hormone
phagocytosis
NAD
46. A coenzyme that is tightly bound to an enzyme. A prosthetic group - unlike a cosubstrate - remains bound to a specific site of the enzyme throughout the catalytic cycle of the enzyme.
prosthetic group
effector cell
centrisomes
surfactant
47. A hormone secreted by the small intestine (duodenum) in response to low pH (e.g. - from stomach acid). It promotes the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas to act as a buffer.
epinephrine
secretin
all or none response
exoskeleton
48. Sequence of nucleotides on a gene that gets transcribed and translated
excretion
Glycogen
exon
obligatory base pairing
49. Lipoproteins formed in the cells lining the small intestine following absorption of fats. they are made in the small intestinal cells and transpost dietary lipids to the liver.
secretin
RNAi
atoms
Chylomicrons
50. Abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
small intestine
thrombin
hyperglycemia
acidosis
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