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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.
intracellular digestion
Glucose
appendicular skeleton
polyribosome
2. Duct formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra
citric acid cycle
thin filaments
ejaculatory duct
spongy bone
3. Small organic molecule that regulates the activity of an enzyme for: Neither the substrate or immediate product / Binds to one of the two forms of the enzyme / Binds at allosteric site (regulatory site) / Distinct from the active site: Stabilizes enz
loop of henle
neural folds
allosteric effector
amniotic fluid
4. Cylinder oriented parallel to long axis of bone; within each cylinder is tubes (concentric circles) of bone matrix (lamellae)
testosterone
portal systems
osteons
interphase
5. The maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inspiration. It is equal to the inspiratory reserve volume plus the tidal volume plus the expiratory reserve volume.
ligaments
vital capacity
enzyme kinetics
Eicosanoid
6. A physiological reaction to threat that in which the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the organisms for attacking (fight) or fleeing (flight) and enemy
fight or flight response
peptide hormones
lymph
myogenic activity
7. Distinct cells that carry out each stage of immune response. Derived from a common pluripotential hematopoietic stem cell in the bone marrow.
immune cells
Nucleotide
testosterone
chondrin
8. Hormone that is released from the posterior pituitary in response to nerve impulses. This causes the distal and collecting tubules of the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urinary filtrate.
blastocoel
globular protein
gluconeogenesis
ADH
9. The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth.
epididymus
ectoderm
enzyme specificity
fetus
10. The control of water balance in organisms living in hypertonic - hypotonic - or terrestrial environments.
anaphase I
osmoregulation
lymph capillaries
peptide bond
11. Connective tissue with large amounts of either collagen fibers (making them strong) or elastic fibers - or both. Dense tissues are typically strong (e.g. bone - cartilage - tendons - etc.)
centrioles
endochondral ossification
Nervous Tissue
dense connective tissue
12. Identical twins formed when one zygote splits into two separate masses of cells - each of which develops into a separate embryo
articular cartilage
peristalsis
clot
monozygotic twins
13. The body system that consists of the heart - blood vessels - and blood - and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells
forces creating tertiary structure
spermatozoa
cardiovascular system
parietal pleura
14. Used to create ATP. H+ in the thylakoid space can only diffuse down it gradient through an enzyme called ATPsynthase. ATPsynthase consists of two parts. One is a proton channel that allows the H+ to diffuse into the stroma. The other part couples thi
peroxisomes
proton gradient
haversian canal
peptidases
15. The regular fluctuation - within a 24- hour period - from high to low points of certain bodily functions and behavior; sleep wakefulness cycle and body temperature
hyperglycemia
circadian rythms
neurulation
plasma cell
16. Two spongy organs - located in the thoracic cavity enclosed by the diaphragm and rib cage - responsible for respiration
gastrin
lungs
epiphyseal plate
bone matrix
17. A spiral shape constituting one form of the secondary structure of proteins - arising from a specific hydrogen - bonding structure.
mesenchyme
antigen
alpha helix
stratum spinosum
18. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones - help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body. - That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is f
polyribosome
smooth ER
small intestine
carboxyhemoglobin
19. The outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus
prothrombin
cartilage
PNS
capsid
20. Specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids
humoral immunity
amnion
bone resorption
interferons
21. (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA
neural crest
Primary structure
transcription
cardiac sphincter
22. Mucus - secreting membrane lining all body cavities or passages that communicate with the exterior
mucosa
haversian systems
nerve terminal
cascade effect
23. A reaction in which the conversion of reactants into products and the conversion of products into reactants occur simultaneously
neutrophils
myofibrils
smooth muscle
reversible reaction
24. The passage between the pharynx and the stomach
chiasmata
RNAi
esophagus
obligate intracellular parasite
25. A physiologically inactive form of angiotensin that is the precursor to angiotensin II. ACE will convert it from I to 2.
angiotensin I
end product inhibition
amphipathic
ETS
26. Abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
cytotoxic T cells
riacylglycerols
hyperglycemia
homeotherm
27. Inactivity resulting from torpidity and lack of vigor or energy
yellow marrow
torpor
Nucleotide
myosin
28. Molecule binds to an enzyme somewhere other than active site and inhibits. - change the shape of the active site - and may enhance enzyme function
maltase
semiautonomous
testes
allosteric inhibitor
29. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood
proteasomes
capsid
transverse tubules
prothrombin
30. A vein connecting the capillary bed of the intestines with the capillary bed of the liver. This allows amino acids and gluocse absorbed from the intestines to be delivered first to the liver for processing before being transported throughout the circ
Binary fission
hepatic portal vein
vital capacity
posterior pituitary
31. Two or more polypeptide chains due to interactions of side chains involved in hydrophobic interactions - ionic bonds - hydrogen bonds - and disulfide bridges.can include non amino acid unit. Ex- Fe
plasmids
Bacteria
Eukaryotes
quarternary structure
32. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.
follicles
Steroids
anabolism
enzyme substrate complex
33. Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix
immunoglobulin
capsid
lamellae
bile
34. Large conglomerations of proteins - fats - and cholesterol that transport lipids in the bloodstream. Contains a lipid core surrounded by phospholipids and apoproteins. Are classified by their density.
chondrocytes
epinephrine
nerve terminal
lipoprotein
35. Nostrils which open into the nasal cavity; where air enters the respiratory system.
Hydrogen Bond
external nares
myosin
Active immunity
36. Connects the embryo to the placenta; moves food and oxygen from the placenta to the embryo and removes the embryo's waste products
vas deferens
umbilical chord
anasarca
anabolism
37. The valves in the heart that separte the atria from teh ventricles. The tricuspid valve separates teh right atrium from the right ventricel - and the bicuspid (mitral) valves separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. These valves close at th
cytoskeleton
compounds
gamete
atrioventricular valves
38. This part of the pituitary does not produce hormones - but stores and releases oxytocin and ADH.
posterior pituitary
substrate level phosphorylation
Solvation
coenzymes
39. Specialized peroxisomes found in plant seeds that break down stored fats to provide energy for developing plant embroyo.
enterokinase
spermatogenesis
glyoxysomes
alpha helix
40. Measurement of amount of blood ejected from a ventricle in one contraction
enzyme kinetics
stroke volume
stratum spinosum
osmolarity gradient
41. Wavelike contraction of the walls of the intestines - which propels contents onward
peristalsis
proteasomes
exocrine glands
frequency summation
42. Attack general invading pathogens. Three types are neutrophils - basophils and eosinophils.
maltase
granular leukocytes
chorionic villi
tertiary structure
43. The presence - or lack - of antigens on the surface of red blood cells that may cause a reaction between the blood of the mother and fetus - resulting in fetal anemia
oral cavity
Rh factor
macrophages
tidal volume
44. The changing of the vitelline membrane into a hard fertilization envelope that further resists the entry of other sperm.
noncompetitive inhibition
substrate
kinase
cortical reaction
45. The sphincter muscle of the pylorus that separates the stomach from the duodenum
pyloric sphincter
esophagus
amino acid residue
obligate intracellular parasite
46. The stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle
intermediate filaments
tidal volume
anaphase
thick filaments
47. The cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck and containing the lungs and heart
thoracic cavity
Binary fission
ubiquinone
induction
48. Stage of the cell cycle when a cell is actively dividing - the part of the cell cycle when mitosis divides the nucleus and distributes its chromosomes to the daughter nuclei and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm - producing two daughter cells.
quarternary structure
thermoregulation
spindle fibers
Mitotic phase
49. The adaptive immune system is composed of highly specialized - systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogenic challenges.the adaptive or 'specific' immune system is activated by the 'non - specific' and evolutionarily older innate
bone remodeling
spliceosome
specific defense mechanism
Connective tissue
50. A type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself
apoptosis
Unsaturated fatty acid
Secondary structure
CNS