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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large conglomerations of proteins - fats - and cholesterol that transport lipids in the bloodstream. Contains a lipid core surrounded by phospholipids and apoproteins. Are classified by their density.
lipoprotein
action potential
complementary pairing
IgM
2. Promote the action of the killer T cells and play key roles in humoral immunity and nonspecific defense. All other T cells are involved in cellular immunity only
sertoli cells
helper T cells
synaptic bouton
descending limb
3. 1) stimulates osteoclast activity - 2) stimulates osteoblast activity to a lesser degree. 3) reduces calcium loss in the urine 4) promotes calcium absorption in the intestine (by stimulating calcitiol production) - 5) decrease PTH could result in mus
Haploid cell
pancreas
cervix
PTH
4. A thick - transpartent coating rich in glycoproteins that surrounds an oocyte.
chemoreceptors
reversible reaction
B lymphocyte
zona pellucida
5. Process of transforming cartilage into bone.
first messengers
osmotic pressure
endochondral ossification
telophase I
6. A short - branched polysaccharide with short - linear amylose branches that are typically 20-30 subunits
amylopectin
Cytochromes
coronary arteries
synapsis
7. Time between application of a stimulus and the beginning of a response in a muscle fiber
latent period
villi
salts
systole
8. Process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell
sarcoplasmic reticulum
globular protein
skeletal muscle
meiosis
9. External female genitalia; includes the labia - hymen - clitoris - and the vaginal orifice
caveolae
amniotic fluid
vulva
larynx
10. Pleura that lines the inner chest walls and covers the diaphragm
oxytocin
disulfide linkages
osteoclasts
parietal pleura
11. Weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in pH
buffers
tetrad
adrenal glands
B cell
12. A complex assembly that interacts with the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA - releasing the intron and joining the two adjacent exons.
Proteoglycan
spliceosome
clot
parthogenesis
13. When the chromosomes replicate
sympathetic nervous system
immune cells
hromosome replication
chemoreceptors
14. Break fats down into diglycerides - monoglycerides - and fatty acids - which are able pass through the plasma membrane of microvilli
lipases
blastulation
pyrophosphate
proteasomes
15. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord
spindle fibers
CNS
troponin
mucous cells
16. Tissue that connects bone to bone
feedback inhibition
desmosomes
ligaments
LH
17. The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low - we feel hunger. Accounts for 80% of carbs absorbed by humans.
chemiosmosis
Glucose
collagenous fibers
enterogastrone
18. A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood
tonus
translation
hemophilia
appendicular skeleton
19. The regular fluctuation - within a 24- hour period - from high to low points of certain bodily functions and behavior; sleep wakefulness cycle and body temperature
circadian rythms
elastic fibers
chaperones
filtration
20. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti
gestation
plasmids
disulfide linkages
prostaglandins
21. Corticotropin releasing factor; secreted by hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland and activated adrenal gland and then get the release of corisol as part of the 'stress response'
microvilli
posterior pituitary
larynx
CRF
22. Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell.
ATPase
high energy bonds
somatic cell
chyme
23. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
pancreas
sympathetic nervous system
oxygen debt
cell adhesion proteins
24. Maintenance of favorable internal conditions in a system despite flutuations in external conditions
quarternary structure
Glucose
Phospholipid
homoeostasis
25. Compounds made of a metal and nonmetal that are formed when acids and bases react
BNP
parasympathetic nervous system
obligate intracellular parasite
salts
26. When a cell in G0 or G1 receives a signal to commit the cell to a full round of the cell cycle after passin through this point. The cell cannot return to G1 or G0 withouth completing a fell cell cycle
restriction point
cytokinesis
platelets
disulfide linkages
27. Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
uterus
T cells
parathyroid glands
thrombin
28. The cytoplasm of a striated muscle fiber
smooth ER
allosteric effector
sarcoplasm
cortical reaction
29. Body cell; no egg or sperm
renal medulla
pyruvate
fertilization membrane
autosomal cell
30. The most common antibodies. passable through the placenta. provides passive immunity. aka gamma globulin
IgG
parietal pleura
hemoglobin
renal vein
31. A lymphocyte - like cell that develops from a B lymphocyte in reaction to a specific antigen - Lymphoid cell that secretes an antibody and originates from B lymphocytes
restriction point
troponin
plasma cell
peroxisomes
32. The largest artery in the body; it conducts freshly oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues.
ADP
testes
citric acid cycle
aorta
33. Any of the many tiny canals that contain blood vessels and connective tissue and that form a network in bone
haversian canal
oxidative phosphorylation
NADP
beta cells
34. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.
secretion
beta cells
actin
gall bladder
35. A valve in the heart that guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle
lymph capillaries
amniotic fluid
mitral valve
articular cavity
36. Glyceraldehyde phosphate; a three - carbon molecule formed in the second step of the Calvin cycle that can leave the cycle and be used to make other organic compounds
Nucleic acids
PGAL
epithelial tissue
side chain
37. Stage of the cell cycle when a cell is actively dividing - the part of the cell cycle when mitosis divides the nucleus and distributes its chromosomes to the daughter nuclei and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm - producing two daughter cells.
ANS
contraction period
asters
Mitotic phase
38. A muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton
extracellular digestion
Mitotic phase
striated muscle
thin filaments
39. The female gonads - paired almond - sized organs located in the pelvic cavity - and produce two steroid hormone groups the estrogns and pregesterone. The endocrine and exocrine functions do not begin until the onset of puberty.
telophase I
amphipathic
Chylomicrons
ovaries
40. Small - elongated mass of specialized cardiac muscle tissue just beneath the epicardium in the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava - starts impulses
aorta
seminal vesicles
chondrocytes
sinoatrial node
41. The stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle
anaphase
cervix
gland cells
synapse
42. A strong acid present in the stomach that aids in digestion
HCl
melanin
mitochondria
anterior pituitary
43. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the hormone INSULIN - which lowers glucose levels in the blood
cytokinesis
tertiary structure
beta cells
renal medulla
44. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule
nephron
glucocorticoids
allosteric modulator
signal transduction
45. Molecule binds to an enzyme somewhere other than active site and inhibits. - change the shape of the active site - and may enhance enzyme function
parthogenesis
Nervous Tissue
allosteric inhibitor
coronary veins
46. The extraembyonic membrane of birds - reptiles and mammals that serves as an area of gaseous exchange and as a site for the storage of noxious excretion products
archenteron
allantois
cervix
Fatty acids
47. A skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint
epiphyses
flexor
thromboplastin
DNA polymerase
48. The maximum pressure that could develop in a solution when it is separated from pure water by a selectively permeable membrane
atrial natriuretic hormone
mitochondria
potential osmotic pressure
tendons
49. A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP - the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid - which makes a
stratum basalis
memory cell
glycolysis
intermembrane space
50. Minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance
amnion
Lysosomes
electrolytes
fibroblasts