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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In the umbilical cord - carries blood and nutrients from mom to baby.






2. The minimum length of time after an action potential during which another action potential cannot begin






3. It is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are Fibroblasts - Adipose Cells - and Macrophages






4. Process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell






5. The path molecules travel when an imbalance between separated molecule concentrations exists






6. The maximal volume of air that the lungs can contain. Total lung capacity is the sum of the vital capacity and the residual volume - and is typically about 6000 mL (6L).






7. Package of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat that must use a host cell's machinery to reproduce itself. are not considered living cells.






8. 'salt - retaining hormone' which promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention - which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure






9. Any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen)






10. A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecules






11. Small units that are linked together chemically to form large protein molecules






12. Hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones in synovial joints






13. Measurement of amount of blood ejected from a ventricle in one contraction






14. A form of asexual reproduction in single - celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size






15. Bone forming cells






16. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster






17. The presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood






18. Any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells. Built from a chain of amino acids linked polypeptide bonds.






19. Rare childhood disorder with deficiencies of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids - may occur as a resuld of trauma - infection or autoimmune response - develops gradually.

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20. Occurs across the placenta - fetal lungs do not become functional until birth.






21. Protein filaments inside a myofibril are organized into repeating functional units - (10 -000/myofibrils) smallest function unit of muscle fibers 1- thick filaments - myosin 2- thin fillament - actin 3- proteins that stablize 4- proteins that will re






22. A person whose type O Rh - negative blood may be safely transfused into persons with other blood types






23. The female reproductive cell






24. Weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in pH






25. Gel consisting of a network of insoluble protein fibers






26. A muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton






27. A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood






28. Carries both electrons and protons (2 at a time)






29. The contraction of the chambers of the heart (especially the ventricles) to drive blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery






30. Stimulate production of platelets






31. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.






32. Synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Adenylyl cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylyl cyclase stimulatory G (Gs)- protein - coupled receptors and






33. A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP - the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid - which makes a






34. A bodily defense reaction that recognizes an invading substance (an antigen: such as a virus or fungus or bacteria or transplanted organ) and produces antibodies specific against that antigen






35. Blind U- shaped pouch that is the first portion of the large intestine






36. The amino and carboxyl groups are attached to the same carbon also known as the alpha carbon. Called this because the amine is attached to the carbon in the alpha position.






37. Used by hypothalamus to control the pituitary release of tropic hormones






38. Enlarged vein from junctions of all cardiac veins which empty into the right atrium






39. Small convoluted tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis takes place.






40. Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis






41. Condition of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid levels in the blood that result in sluggishness - slow pulse - and often obesity






42. Glands located in the walls of the stomach - secreting the hormone gastrin in response to certain substances in food.






43. Neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of His






44. The portion of the skeleton that attaches to the axial skeleton and has the limbs attached to it






45. Maximum enzyme functioning velocity Decreases w/non competitive inhibitors






46. Organelles that serve as specialized containers for metabolic reactions.






47. The body system that consists of the heart - blood vessels - and blood - and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells






48. Activated in the duodenum by enterokinase - which is produced in the cells lining the duodenum






49. The cells - tissues - and organs that protect the body from disease. the immune system is composed of the white blood cells - bone marrow - thymus gland - spleen and other parts






50. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations