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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts
ureter
peptidases
exocrine glands
releasing hormones
2. Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
haversian canal
synaptic bouton
PTH
thrombin
3. The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth.
anaphase II
fetus
passive diffusion
reticular fibers
4. Animals whose anus develops from the blastopore of the gastrula
blood vessel
deuterstomes
coronary arteries
placenta
5. Blind U- shaped pouch that is the first portion of the large intestine
trypsinogen
cecum
prosthetic group
internal intercostal muscles
6. A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecules
sertoli cells
alpha helix
enzyme substrate complex
lactase
7. A tube of cells running along the dorsal axis of the body - just dorsal to the notochord. It will give rise to the central nervous system.
TCA cycle
hypothyroidism
neural tube
composite cell
8. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti
diploid
erythrocytes
prostaglandins
chemiosmosis
9. A blood protein essential to blood clotting. The conversion of fibrinogen to its active form (fibrin) is among the final steps in clot formation - and is triggered by thrombin.
hemophilia
mitral valve
pyruvate
fibrinogen
10. Released from the hypothalamus to act on the pituitary gland. It inhibits the secretion of somatotropin(growth hormone)
cristae
ATPase
hromosome replication
somatostatin
11. Lacking affinity for water
haversian canal
fermentation
Hydrophobic
articular cartilage
12. Form of active transport which does not use ATP as an energy source; rather - transport is coupled to ion diffusion down a concentration gradient established by primary active transport.
thoracic cavity
secondary active transport
amino acid residue
oxytocin
13. One of the small intracellular globules composed of fats that are mixed cholesterol and coated with special proteins
chylomicrons
insulin
steroid hormones
alveoli
14. Products of the first meiotic division - contain a haploid number of dyads - and undergo the second stage of meiotic division.
secondary spermatocytes
caveolae
renal artery
anaphase I
15. An enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by the addition of nucleotides to the existing chain.
secondary spermatocytes
S phase
structural proteins
DNA polymerase
16. Cells found in gastric glands that secrete hydrochloric acid (for hydrolysis of ingested food) and gastric intrinsic factor (for absorption of vitamin B-12).
parietal cells
cascade effect
osteocytes
epididymus
17. The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum
bundle of his
primary oocytes
spindle apparatus
jejunum
18. The class of immunoglobulin having
IgM
ejaculatory duct
carbohydrate
endoskeleton
19. Has low solubility in waterand high solubility in nonpolar organic solvents. They are hydrophobic and are excellent barriers seperating aqueous environments. Six major types.
Lipids
excretion
monozygotic twins
cartilage
20. The movement of substances into or out of cells without the expenditure of energy or the involvement of transport proteins in the cell membrane. Also called simple diffusion.
passive diffusion
route of blood flow
mitochondria
facilitated diffusion
21. Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses
linked genes
addison's disease
vaginal canal
cytokinesis
22. A stable complex of hemoglobin and carbon monoxide that prevents normal oxygen uptake in the blood.
apoenzyme
osmotic pressure
carboxyhemoglobin
NAD
23. A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP - the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid - which makes a
haversian canal
G2 phase
glycolysis
trachea
24. An organic molecule that is a necessary participant in some enzymatic reactions; helps catalysis by donating or accepting electrons or functional groups; e.g. - a vitamin - ATP - NAD+.
Connective tissue
testosterone
coenzymes
erythroblastosis fetalis
25. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.
Cofactor
anasarca
HCl
allosteric modulator
26. Activated in the duodenum by enterokinase - which is produced in the cells lining the duodenum
expiratory reserve volume
trypsinogen
suppressor T cells
antigen binding site
27. An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ADP to ATP as a result of a series of events that occur in and around a membrane. in prokaryotes it is in the cell membrane and in eukaryotes it is in the mitochondrial membrane
fetal gas exchange
erythroblastosis fetalis
centrioles
ATPase
28. Aid in expiration by contracting to pull the ribs downward and decrease the volume of the thoracic cavity (internal intercostal muscles originate in the inferior rib and insert on the superior rib)
actual osmotic pressure
fallopian tube
internal intercostal muscles
hyperthyroidism
29. Any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active
tropomyosin
spermatozoa
somatic cell
zymogen
30. (anatomy) a muscular partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
allosteric activators
ACTH
diaphragm
microtubule
31. Diploid cells resultinf rom the activation of a spermatogoium; primary spermatocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosis.
primary spermatocytes
neutrophils
A band
Golgi apparatus
32. A cell of the gastric glands that secretes pepsinogen (breaks down protein) and gastric lypase
chief cells
myosin
Vmax
movable joints
33. Attack general invading pathogens. Three types are neutrophils - basophils and eosinophils.
riacylglycerols
ptyalin
granular leukocytes
immune cells
34. Cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton
Michaelis constant
neurotransmitters
epiphyseal plate
umbilical arteries
35. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse
cyanobacteria
vaginal canal
Cell membrane
distal convoluted tubule
36. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
Dehydration synthesis
oxygen debt
distal convoluted tubule
virus
37. Tissue that connects muscle to bone
Receptors
axial skeleton
tendons
medulla oblongata
38. Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
veins
hemophilia
cortisone
target organs
39. A nerve or muscle fibre responds completly or not at all to a stimulus
parietal pleura
all or none response
obligatory base pairing
cortisone
40. Type of enzyme regulation that is stored in inactive forms in the body until it is needed. When needed - cleaves bonds to give active form of the enzyme. Called 'Proteolytic Activity' at that point.
ADH
first messengers
proenzyme
hypercapnia
41. Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity
cytochrome oxidase
B cell
sister chromatids
determinate cleavage
42. A bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles causing them to contract
thick filaments
oral cavity
bundle of his
IgA
43. A flap of cartilage that covers the windpipe while swallowing
ADH
epiglottis
cascade effect
respiratory center
44. The organs that hormones act on to either increase or decrease the organ's activity level.
striated muscle
target organs
chorionic villi
tetrad
45. The outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates
synaptic bouton
peroxisomes
epidermis
virus
46. The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out
exocytosis
vulva
specific defense mechanism
memory cell
47. The larger of the two component polypeptides of an immunoglobulin molecule. Heavy chains come in a variety of heavy- chain classes or isotypes - each of which confers a distinctive effector function on the antibody molecule.
heavy chains
cardiac sphincter
adrenal glands
renal vein
48. The presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood
hemoglobin
hypercapnia
binary fission
exocytosis
49. A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution
ascending colon
fibrin
hypertonic solution
microfilaments
50. Refers to a chain of events initiated by an unnecessary test - an unexpected result - or patient or physician anxiety - which results in ill - advised tests or treatments[1] that may cause harm to patients as the results are pursued.
cascade effect
end product inhibition
Receptors
fallopian tube
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