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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A muscle that draws a part away from the median line
TSH
telopahse
Fatty acids
abductor
2. The four chromatids in a pair of homologous chromosomes that come together as a result of synapsis during meiosis
Facilitated diffusion
Mitotic phase
tonus
tetrad
3. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule
tarch
amniotic fluid
actin
signal transduction
4. Fluid within the amniotic sac that surrounds and protects the fetus
Chylomicrons
amniotic fluid
antigen
microvilli
5. The reduced form of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). This is the most common electron carrier in cellular respiration.
anasarca
autotrophic
NADH
pepsinogen
6. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; recognize the splice sites in the pre - mRNA; located in the nucleus and are composed of proteins and RNA
bacteriophage
allosteric inhibitor
cytokinesis
snRNP
7. The outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates
CNS
epidermis
substrate level phosphorylation
proteome
8. Pressure that has already developed in a solution due to osmosis.
excretion
sarcolemma
pancreatic juice
actual osmotic pressure
9. Small rings of DNA consisting of a few genes. They replicate independently of the main chromosome and often contain genes that allow the cell to survive adverse conditions
epinephrine
plasmids
adrenal cortex
sinoatrial node
10. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - an acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.
Saturated fatty acids
articular cartilage
erythroblastosis fetalis
NADP
11. Pertaining to substances that don't contain carbon; a substance that is produced from the breakdown of PC and is the leading cause of fatigue in working muscles
antigen binding site
ketoacidosis
inorganic phosphate
ADP
12. Carries both electrons and protons (2 at a time)
FMN
rRNA
lymphokines
gluconeogenesis
13. ADP obtains a phosphate group attached to a metabolic intermediate by a high - energy bond. the high reactivity of the bond in the metabolic intermediate enables the phosphate group to be transferred to ADP. however - most phosphate - containing meta
inorganic phosphate
adductor
gastrula
substrate level phosphorylation
14. Stimulate production of platelets
hyperglycemia
indeterminate cleavage
neural crest
thrompoietin
15. A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles
B lymphocyte
periosteum
hypothyroidism
secondary spermatocytes
16. The presence - or lack - of antigens on the surface of red blood cells that may cause a reaction between the blood of the mother and fetus - resulting in fetal anemia
Rh factor
light chains
respiratory center
fibrinogen
17. Points in which two cells are fastened together into strong sheets. Intermediate filaments anchor these. Also called anchoring junctions.
Eicosanoid
desmosomes
actin
plasma
18. Substance produced by the body that inactivates or destroys another substance that is introduced into the body; antibody
IgG
troponin
movable joints
immunoglobulin
19. A band of cells along the border where the neural tube pinches off from the ectoderm; the cells migrate to various parts of the embryo and form the pigment cells in the skin - bones of the skull - the teeth - the adrenal glands - and parts of the per
small intestine
fetus
fetal hemoglobin
neural crest
20. Semifluid medium containing organelles.
cytosol
cartilage
red marrow
homologous chromosomes
21. The part of an organism that connects the head to the rest of the body
decomposition reaction
cervix
induction
epididymus
22. An iron - containing protein that is a component of electron transport chains in the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells and the plasma membranes of prokaryotic cells. Examples are hgb and the ones involved in the ETC in the inner membr
Cytochromes
ubiquinone
nucleotides
hypothyroidism
23. A semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum
chyme
somatotropin
deuterstomes
enzyme specificity
24. Space between the two membranes - visceral pleura and parietal pleura - that cover the lungs.
gametocytes
signal transduction
intrapleural space
allosteric modulator
25. An extensible membrane enclosing the contractile substance of a muscle fiber
histamine
sarcolemma
nerve terminal
stratum lucidum
26. The adrenal cortex secretes small quantities of androgens (male sex hormones) like androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone in both men and women; because in men - most of the androgens are produced by the testes - the physiologic effect of the adr
cortical sex hormones
vagus nerve
corticosteroids
tubulins
27. The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system
somatic nervous system
endoplasmic reticulum
holoenzyme
collecting duct
28. One of the main pancreatic proteases; it is activated (from chymotrypsinogen) by trypsin.
jejunum
composite cell
chymotrypsin
cytokinesis
29. A regulating body substance released in excess during allergic reactions causing swelling and inflammation of tissues
histamine
granular leukocytes
amino acid residue
diaphragm
30. Any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes - thus producing an immune response
antibody
threshold value
polyribosome
memory cell
31. Valve between a ventricle of the heart and the vessel that carries blood away from the ventricle; also pertains to the valves in veins
atria
semilunar valve
thymosin
umbilical vein
32. The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.
cervix
coronary arteries
oxidation
semilunar valve
33. Growth - stimulating hormone produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
prostate gland
somatotropin
blood vessel
Unsaturated fatty acid
34. When a cell in G0 or G1 receives a signal to commit the cell to a full round of the cell cycle after passin through this point. The cell cannot return to G1 or G0 withouth completing a fell cell cycle
ectoderm
feedback inhibition
restriction point
anaphase
35. Any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active
simple diffusion
zymogen
spermatozoa
holoenzyme
36. The elastic tension of living muscles - arteries - etc. that facilitate response to stimuli
nucleolus
amniotic fluid
tonus
receptor mediated endocytosis
37. The protective skin pigment responsible for the tan - brown - or black color of human skin; produced in abundance upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation
chymotrypsinogen
melanin
ureter
motor neuron
38. A type of protein filament that interacts with actin filaments to cause cell contraction.
gastrin
myosin
somatotropin
telophase II
39. 1) stimulates osteoclast activity - 2) stimulates osteoblast activity to a lesser degree. 3) reduces calcium loss in the urine 4) promotes calcium absorption in the intestine (by stimulating calcitiol production) - 5) decrease PTH could result in mus
PTH
sympathetic nervous system
immunoglobulins
distal convoluted tubule
40. Neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of His
cytochrome oxidase
atrioventricular node
fibroblasts
anaphase
41. The digestive secretion of the pancreas containing sodium bicarbonate - amylase - proteases - and lipases
intracellular digestion
follicles
chymotrypsin
pancreatic juice
42. Amino acids that an animal cannot synthesize itself and must be obtained from food. Eight of these are essential in the human adult.
alpha helix
essential amino acids
urethra
substrate
43. Theory of enzyme catalysis stating that the active site's structure is complementary to the structure of the substrate.
tRNA
seminiferous tubules
lock and key theory
spongy bone
44. Sequence of nucleotides on a gene that gets transcribed and translated
amnion
Lysosomes
essential amino acids
exon
45. The stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle
anaphase
polyribosome
alpha amino acid
steroid hormones
46. The hollow ball of cells marking the end stage of cleavage during early embryonic development
Cellulose
blastula
meiosis
Connective tissue
47. A type of lymphocyte responisble for cell - mediated immunity that differentiates under the influence of the thymus
Unsaturated fatty acid
bowmans capsule
pituitary gland
T lymphocyte
48. Contraction of diaphragm and the intercostal muscles - increasing thoracic volume - reducing pressure in the intrapleural space creating a vacuum that causes the lungs to suck in air - as well as draw in blood from the rest of the body (particularly
Protein
lymphocytes
negative pressure breathing
pharynx
49. One of the formed elements present in our blood. They function in hemostasis (blood clot formation). They are cell fragments of large multinucleate cells (megakaryocytes) formed in the bone marrow. They appear to be irregular - darkly stained shapes.
extracellular digestion
platelets
FSH
oxidation
50. Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart
renal vein
complementary pairing
Glycosylation
excretion