Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. Involved of the transport of materials throughout the cell.






2. Any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen)






3. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti






4. Contraction of diaphragm and the intercostal muscles - increasing thoracic volume - reducing pressure in the intrapleural space creating a vacuum that causes the lungs to suck in air - as well as draw in blood from the rest of the body (particularly






5. The organs that hormones act on to either increase or decrease the organ's activity level.






6. The transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins.






7. The digestive secretion of the pancreas containing sodium bicarbonate - amylase - proteases - and lipases






8. Generalized edema with accumulation of serum in subcutaneous connective tissue






9. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy






10. Receives blood from lower limbs and abdominal organs and empties into the posterior part of the right atrium of the heart






11. Presence of an abnormal amount of ketone bodies in the blood and urine indicating an abnormal utilization of carbohydrates as seen in uncontrolled diabetes and starvation






12. Theory of enzyme catalysis stating that the active site's structure is complementary to the structure of the substrate.






13. Mesodermal tissue that forms connective tissue and blood and smooth muscles






14. Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics






15. Any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base - A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail. Are als






16. Small rings of DNA consisting of a few genes. They replicate independently of the main chromosome and often contain genes that allow the cell to survive adverse conditions






17. A thin layer of cells that line the interior surface of the blood vessels - forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. Simple squamous epithelium.






18. Movement from a high concentration area to a low concentration area - only works with oily substances - needs to cross oily cell membrane (nonpolar substances) - no energy is required. Movement down concentration gradient






19. A physiological reaction to threat that in which the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the organisms for attacking (fight) or fleeing (flight) and enemy






20. The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.






21. Small organelles filled with enzymes; one function is to break down lipids - carbohydrates - and proteins from food particles; may also break down old cell parts. enzymes are maximally effective at a pH of 5 and they fuse with endocytic vacuoles to b






22. A small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication






23. The transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins






24. One of the two glands in the male reproductive system that add fluid to the semen during ejaculation






25. An amino acid in a polypeptide that is not the N or C terminal AA. This refers to every amino acid in a polypeptide chain.






26. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.






27. An antibody that is involved in hypersensitivity and allergies. For some reason the body makes this antibody instead of IgG/A






28. The part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands






29. Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis






30. The immune reaction that occurs the first time a person is exposed to a particular antigen. protective antibodies appear about 3-6 days while naive B cells multiply and differentiate into plasma cells. causes the level in the blood plasma to rise. Ig






31. This multiprotein complex in the ETC catalyzes the transfer of the electrons to oxygen






32. A vessel in Which blood circulates






33. A neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs eating - drinking - body temperature; helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland - and is linked to emotion






34. A long - muscular tube that begins at teh mouth and includes the mouth - pharynx - esophagus - stomcah - small intestine - large intestine - and anus






35. The larger of the two component polypeptides of an immunoglobulin molecule. Heavy chains come in a variety of heavy- chain classes or isotypes - each of which confers a distinctive effector function on the antibody molecule.






36. Organ in placental mammals through which nutrients - oxygen - carbon dioxide - and wastes are exchanged between embryo and mother






37. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.






38. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.






39. Building blocks of lipids. - chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms. Typically there is an even number of carbons with the maximum in humans being 24. Can be saturated or unsaturated.






40. Organisms that first forms a mouth when it develops.






41. Rope - like strands of protein that help to form desmosomes and resist pulling forces on the cell - Threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments






42. The widening of the chambers of the heart between two contractions when the chambers fill with blood






43. A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells






44. Nonenzymatic binding of glucose to other molecules such as proteins - fats - or nucleic acids.






45. Inactivity resulting from torpidity and lack of vigor or energy






46. Joint - lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane






47. Aid in expiration by contracting to pull the ribs downward and decrease the volume of the thoracic cavity (internal intercostal muscles originate in the inferior rib and insert on the superior rib)






48. An energy carrier that transport less energy than NADH but more than ATP






49. Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. closes when the right ventricle contracts - allowing blood flow into the lungs and prevent backflow into the right atrium






50. (biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs