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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Small network of capillaries encased in the upper end of a nephron; where the filtration of blood takes place






2. A type of embryonic development in deuterostomes - in which each cell produced by early cleavage divisions retains the capacity to develop into a complete embryo.






3. Organic process consisting of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell following karyokinesis bringing about the separation into two daughter cells






4. Membranous tissue covering internal organs and other internal surfaces of the body. Covers the surface of the body.






5. Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix






6. Amino acids that an animal cannot synthesize itself and must be obtained from food. Eight of these are essential in the human adult.






7. (Fast twitch fibers) Contain less myoglobin and fewer mitochondria and have a greater contraction rate - but fatigue more easily. - no myoglobin - fast twitch fibers - fatigue easily - lots of glycogen






8. Secreted by the anterior pituitary. It is a general metabolic hormone that plays an important role in determining body size. It affects many tissues of the body; however its major effects are on the growth of muscle and the long bones of the body.






9. One of the two glands in the male reproductive system that add fluid to the semen during ejaculation






10. Lines the surface of the lung and follows the contours of the lung itself






11. Substances formed by the joining of elements through chemical bonding. every molecule of a compound is the same.






12. When comparing two solutions - the solution with the greater concentration of solutes






13. Given to control diabetes insipidus and promote reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules.






14. A skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint






15. Predominantly photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms containing a blue pigment in addition to chlorophyll.






16. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule






17. Immunoglobulin. Less than 3%. Found only as a receptor on B cell membrane - Doesn't allow antigens to get into the body - Not secreted - stays attached to B cell






18. 1) is the 2nd and deepest layer of the dermis. 2) Compose of Dense Irregular CT. 3) Contains interlacing Collagen and Elastic Fibers. 4) Is packed with oil glands - sweat gland ducts - fat - and hair follicles. 5) It provides strength - extensibility






19. A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles






20. Adaptive immune response directed at antigenic components of the persons own body






21. Part of the adrenal gland that produces three major groups of steroid hormones called corticosteroids.






22. An energy carrier that transport less energy than NADH but more than ATP






23. The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron






24. Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the bloodstream when the kidneys no longer function






25. The innermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; lines the archenteron and gives rise to the liver - pancreas - lungs - and the lining of the digestive tract






26. Dynamic tissue undergoing constant remodeling due to internal and external forces - weight bearing and muscle contraction encourages stronger bone - limited or non - weight bearing and bed rest decrease bone strength






27. A bodily defense reaction that recognizes an invading substance (an antigen: such as a virus or fungus or bacteria or transplanted organ) and produces antibodies specific against that antigen






28. The increase in concentration of solutes from the cortex to the medulla - allows for urine hypertonicity






29. The organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation






30. A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells






31. The endoderm - lined cavity - formed during gastrulation - that develops into the digestive tract of an animal.






32. The cluster of cells inside the blastocyst that eventually develops into the embryo and some of the membranes that surround a mammalian embryo and fetus.






33. A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles.






34. The outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus






35. Produce about 60% of seminal fluid - these are located at the posterior wall of the urinary bladder close to the terminus of the ductus deferens. They produce a substance that nourishes the sperm passing through the tract or that promote the fertiliz






36. A measuring instrument for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs






37. Package of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat that must use a host cell's machinery to reproduce itself. are not considered living cells.






38. A class of fatty acids that regulate blood vessel vasodilation - temperature elevation - WBC activation - and other physiologic processes involved in immunity.






39. Condition of hypersecretion of the thyroid gland characterized by exophthalmia - tachycardia - goiter - and tumor






40. Gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts






41. Made of microtubules and as the centrosomes seperate they radiate in preperation for metaphase






42. Weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in pH






43. The portion of the nephron where water reabsorption is regulated via antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Several nephrons empty into each collecting duct - and this is the final region through which urine must passon its way to the ureter.






44. A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon. the action potential is generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane






45. Comes in at a site other than active site but alters shape of enzyme so it can no longer bind reactants






46. Volume of blood pumped by one ventricle per minute; stroke volume x heart rate






47. A cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte - stimulating hormone






48. The final stage of mitosis or meiosis - during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes






49. White blood cells - or WBC - form in the bone marrow and are part of the body's nonspecific defenses and the immune system






50. An enzyme complex in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion and the thylakoid membrane of a chloroplast that catalyzes the formation of ATP.