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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Drains away fluid so that it does not accumulate in the tissues of our body.






2. Any of the many tiny canals that contain blood vessels and connective tissue and that form a network in bone






3. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the hormone INSULIN - which lowers glucose levels in the blood






4. A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.






5. Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics






6. Organ of the female reproductive system in which a fertilized egg can develop






7. 'salt - retaining hormone' which promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention - which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure






8. Blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the tissues






9. The force required to resist the movement of water by osmosis. Osmotic pressure is essentialy a measure of the concentration of a solution. A solution that is hyighly concnetrated has a strong tendency to draw water into itself - so the pressure requ






10. An artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal glands and ureters






11. Enzyme in the intestinal juice that converts inactive trypsinogen into active trypsin






12. The neurotransmitters dopamine - epinephrine - and norepinephrine - which are active in both the brain and the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. These three molecules have certain structural similarities and are part of a larger class of neurotr






13. Gel consisting of a network of insoluble protein fibers






14. Connective tissue with large amounts of either collagen fibers (making them strong) or elastic fibers - or both. Dense tissues are typically strong (e.g. bone - cartilage - tendons - etc.)






15. White blood cell that are responsible for combating infection by parasites in vertebrates






16. A large polysaccharide composed of many glucose monomers linked into cable - like fibrils that provide structural support in plant cell walls. Contains B- linkages.Animals cannot digest the B- linkages of this molecule.






17. Part of the adrenal gland that produces three major groups of steroid hormones called corticosteroids.






18. Strawlike tube between an ovary and the uterus through which an ovum passes after ovulation






19. 1) is the 3rd deepest layer of the epidermis 2) Consists of 3-5 layers (only one layer in thin skin) of flattened - dying cells that show signs of nuclear degeneration. 3) The cytoplasm of the cells contain numerous fine grains of Keratohylin Granule






20. The model of the enzyme that shows the substrate binding to the active site and the active site altering slightly is the






21. The path molecules travel when an imbalance between separated molecule concentrations exists






22. Lipid substances with linked sugar groups that are key structural elements in cell membranes and precursors of other biologically active molecules important in cell signaling.. Are also amphipathic and are found in myelinated cells composing the huma






23. This poison that can carru protons across inner membrane; uncouples the electron transport chain from the proton gradient established across the inner mitochondrial membrane.






24. Assist the enzyme by building the enzyme on a site other than the active site to boost the activivty.






25. Sup/inf vena cava --->R atrium ---->R ventricle ---->Pulmonary artery---->Lungs ---->pulmonary veins ---->L atrium ---->L ventricle ----->Aorta






26. A form of asexual reproduction in single - celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size






27. Inactivity resulting from torpidity and lack of vigor or energy






28. The extraembyonic membrane of birds - reptiles and mammals that serves as an area of gaseous exchange and as a site for the storage of noxious excretion products






29. Valve between a ventricle of the heart and the vessel that carries blood away from the ventricle; also pertains to the valves in veins






30. Mature spermatids that are fully functional and capable of fertilizing a human ovum






31. Immunoglobulin. Less than 3%. Found only as a receptor on B cell membrane - Doesn't allow antigens to get into the body - Not secreted - stays attached to B cell






32. Used by hypothalamus to control the pituitary release of tropic hormones






33. Time between application of a stimulus and the beginning of a response in a muscle fiber






34. Reproduction of some unicellular organisms (such as yeasts) by growth and specialization followed by the separation by constriction of a part of the parent






35. The bonds between the phosphate groups






36. A chemical process in which a compound is broken down and changed into other compounds by taking up the elements of water. Breaks apart most macromolecules of living cells.






37. The opening of the archenteron in the gastrula that develops into the mouth in protostomes and the anus in deuterostomes






38. One of the two glands in the male reproductive system that add fluid to the semen during ejaculation






39. Process of transforming cartilage into bone.






40. The inactive form of pepsin that is first secreted by specialized (chief) cells located in gastric pits of the stomach.






41. Used to assess the rates at which enzymatic reactions occur /Will focus primarily on initial reaction rates measured over time /Influenced by a variety of factors : Concentrations of substrates - products and inhibitors






42. A neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs eating - drinking - body temperature; helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland - and is linked to emotion






43. A muscle that contracts without conscious control and found in walls of internal organs such as stomach and intestine and bladder and blood vessels (excluding the heart)






44. Identical twins formed when one zygote splits into two separate masses of cells - each of which develops into a separate embryo






45. Synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Adenylyl cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylyl cyclase stimulatory G (Gs)- protein - coupled receptors and






46. Fraternal twins produced from separate fertilized eggs. Like all siblings - DZ twins share an average of 50 percent of their genes.






47. Has both a hydrophilic (polar) phosphoric acid and a hydrophobic (non - polar) fatty acid region. Hydrophilic regions are found on the outside of the membrane and hydrophobic regions are found on the interiorof the membrane. Structure allows for sele






48. A lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow; after encountering an antigen - it will differentiate into antibody- secreting plasma cells (effector cells of humoral immunity)






49. Semifluid medium containing organelles.






50. Is a swelling of the axial terminal - The presynaptic swelling of the axon terminal From which neural messages travel across synaptic cleft to other neurons