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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The mucous membrane that lines the inner wall of the uterus






2. Package of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat that must use a host cell's machinery to reproduce itself. are not considered living cells.






3. Bone forming cells






4. A muscle cell or gland cell that performs the body's responses to stimuli; responds to signals from the brain or other processing center of the nervous system.






5. Outermost membranous sac enclosing the embryo in higher vertebrates (reptiles - birds and mammals)






6. The bonds between the phosphate groups






7. Fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles - causing them to contract






8. Predominantly photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms containing a blue pigment in addition to chlorophyll.






9. 4th and last phase of mitosis - the 2 sets of chromosomes arrive at opposite ends of the cell and new nuclei form around each new set






10. A mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes






11. Is a swelling of the axial terminal - The presynaptic swelling of the axon terminal From which neural messages travel across synaptic cleft to other neurons






12. Respond to water - soluble and lipid - soluble substances that are dissolved in the surrounding fluid. They monitor the chemical composition of body fluids






13. Provides support for your body and connects all its parts. Specialized tissue includes bone - cartilage - tendons - ligaments - adipose tissue - and blood.






14. The female reproductive cell






15. A duct that carries spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct






16. The transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins






17. Binds more oxygen in red blood cells than adult hemoglobin - to aide in transferring oxygen across placenta.






18. Smooth muscle vesicle - like structure that serve a purpose like T- tubules






19. Complex proteins or glycoproteins embedded in the membrane with sites that bind to specific molecules in the cells external environment.






20. Strengthening of contraction that results when the stimuli are so frequent that muscle cannot fully relax. The stronger contraction is due to the incorporation of more muscle fibers.






21. Glands located in the walls of the stomach - secreting the hormone gastrin in response to certain substances in food.






22. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.






23. Stores bile produced by the liver until it is needed in the duodenum






24. Any substance (as a toxin or enzyme) that stimulates the production of antibodies






25. Chemicals produced by the body break foods into their smaller chemical building blocks






26. The outermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; gives rise to the outer covering and - in some phyla - the nervous system - inner ear - and lens of the eye






27. Similar structure to ATP but has only 2 phosphate groups. Partly charged






28. The region between the inner membrane and the outer membrane of a mitochondrion or a chloroplast. The main function of the intermembrane space is nucleotide phosphorylation.






29. The more superficial layer of the dermis in which dermal papillae project into the epidermis; areolar connective tissue






30. The pyruvate formed during glycolysis is transported from teh cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix where it is decarboxylated (i.e. - it loses a CO2) - and the acetyl group that remains is transferred to coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA; in the proce






31. A system of blood vessels where the blood passes from arteries to capillaries to veins - then through a second set of capillaries - and then through a final set of veins. THere are two portal systems in the body - the hepatic portal system and the hy






32. Encloses the cell and is composed of a phospholipid bilayer.






33. A small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication






34. Monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5- carbon sugar - a phosphate group - and a nitrogenous base






35. The production - growth - and maturation of an egg - or ovum






36. The body system that consists of the heart - blood vessels - and blood - and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells






37. Duct through which urine is discharged in most mammals and which serves as the male genital duct






38. Enzyme that is produced by the kidney; important for blood pressure and volume regulation; catalyzes the conversion of circulating angiotensinogen to angiotensin I






39. (genetics) the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm






40. A period after firing when a neuron is returning to its normal polarize state and will only fire again if the incoming message open parentheses impulse) is stronger than usual; returning to arresting state






41. End of humerous that is closer to the shoulder






42. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the hormone INSULIN - which lowers glucose levels in the blood






43. Another term for R- group; variable grp of an amino acid that differs w/ each and determines the unique characteristics of a particular amino acid. also attached to the alpha carbon.






44. Condition of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid levels in the blood that result in sluggishness - slow pulse - and often obesity






45. Tiny passageways interconnecting the lacunae/osteocytes with the blood vessels - nerves - etc. in the Haversain Canal of an Haversian System






46. Any of the small tubules that are the excretory units of the vertebrate kidney - functional unit of the kidney






47. Stage of interphase in which cell grows and performs its normal functions - The first growth phase of the cell cycle - consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins.






48. The most common antibodies. passable through the placenta. provides passive immunity. aka gamma globulin






49. A type of glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex. It converts amino acids to glucose - helps to breakdown fats to fatty acids. Decreases glucose uptake by the muscles and increases blood sugar in response to stress. Strong anti - inflammatory






50. Cortisol and Cortisone are types of these hormones - produced in the Adrenal cortex - which increase blood glucose levels through stimulation of gluconeogenesis and the decrease of protein synthesis. They also reduce the body's immunological and infl