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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A duct that carries spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
reticular fibers
vas deferens
ligaments
PNS
2. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of an oogoium; primary oocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosi
angiotensin II
primary oocytes
chondrocytes
prokaryotes
3. One of the main pancreatic proteases; it is activated (from chymotrypsinogen) by trypsin.
carboxypeptidase
proteasomes
chymotrypsin
yolk sac
4. Maintenance of favorable internal conditions in a system despite flutuations in external conditions
yellow marrow
capsid
deuterstomes
homoeostasis
5. T cells that can kill other cells. Almost all cytotoxic T cells are CD8 T cells. Cytotoxic T cells are important in host defense against viruses and other cytosolic pathogens - because they recognize and kill the infected cells.
cytotoxic T cells
memory cell
bone resorption
z lines
6. The presence - or lack - of antigens on the surface of red blood cells that may cause a reaction between the blood of the mother and fetus - resulting in fetal anemia
Rh factor
immunoglobulins
alpha helix
tubulins
7. Bone marrow of children and some adult bones that is required for the formation of red blood cells
mitochondria
coronary veins
red marrow
appendicular skeleton
8. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood
Facilitated diffusion
prothrombin
cytokinesis
ctive site
9. Minimal value that must be reached for the system to respond. Muscle fibers and neurons exhibit an all - or - none response - where the system initiates an action potential only if stimulus is sufficient.
steroid hormones
threshold value
actual osmotic pressure
thymosin
10. Connects the left and right atria - allowing blood to flow directly from the right to the left side of the heart
feedback inhibition
foramen ovale
chymotrypsin
virus
11. Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen - rich blood to the heart muscle
coronary arteries
tonus
anaphase I
carbonic anhydrase
12. Organ that completes the chemical digestion of food and absorbs the nutrients
glomerulus
small intestine
Passive immunity
first messengers
13. Hormone that is released from the posterior pituitary in response to nerve impulses. This causes the distal and collecting tubules of the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urinary filtrate.
duodenum
ADH
Carbohydrate
glucagon
14. Joint - lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane
beta cells
synovial fluid
glycolytic pathway
vasopressin
15. Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone released from hypothalamus via hypophyseal porthole stimulates somatotropins in anterior pituitary to release GH
HRH
metaphase I
umbilical chord
seminal fluid
16. A muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton
striated muscle
plasma
clot
periosteum
17. Set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes
ACTH
metabolism
pyloric glands
creatine phosphate
18. It is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are Fibroblasts - Adipose Cells - and Macrophages
hypodermis
thermoregulation
eosinophils
plasmids
19. The body system that consists of the heart - blood vessels - and blood - and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells
thrombin
CCK
cardiovascular system
PNS
20. Compounds made of a metal and nonmetal that are formed when acids and bases react
lungs
salts
spermatogonia
obligate intracellular parasite
21. Of or relating to organisms (as green plants) that can make complex organic nutritive compounds from simple inorganic sources by photosynthesis
seminal vesicles
coronary sinus
atoms
autotrophic
22. A normal blood protein produced by the liver - angiotensin is converted to angiotensim I by renin (secreted by kidney when blood pressur falls). Angiotensin I si further onverted to angiotensim II by ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme). Angiotensin I
immune cells
induced fit model
angiotensin
alpha amino acid
23. Products of the first meiotic division - contain a haploid number of dyads - and undergo the second stage of meiotic division.
secondary spermatocytes
sarcolemma
angiotensin I
flexor
24. An enzyme liberated from blood platelets that converts prothrombin into thrombin as blood starts to clot
ubiquinone
thromboplastin
bone remodeling
induction
25. Part of the adrenal gland that produces three major groups of steroid hormones called corticosteroids.
adrenal cortex
HRH
vaginal canal
ascending colon
26. Two lobes joined by a central mass in the throat - inferior to the larynx - produces two major hormones.
cecum
secretin
acrosome
thyroid gland
27. Has low solubility in waterand high solubility in nonpolar organic solvents. They are hydrophobic and are excellent barriers seperating aqueous environments. Six major types.
seminiferous tubules
trypsin
Prostaglandins
Lipids
28. Any substance (as a toxin or enzyme) that stimulates the production of antibodies
riacylglycerols
antigen
passive diffusion
oral cavity
29. Bone marrow that is yellow with fat; found at the ends of long bones in adults
cascade effect
intermediate filaments
hepatic portal vein
yellow marrow
30. A blood protein essential to blood clotting. The conversion of fibrinogen to its active form (fibrin) is among the final steps in clot formation - and is triggered by thrombin.
Eukaryotes
notochord
thick filaments
fibrinogen
31. Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
tertiary structure
inflammatory response
bases
somatotropin
32. The cluster of cells inside the blastocyst that eventually develops into the embryo and some of the membranes that surround a mammalian embryo and fetus.
vagus nerve
collecting duct
Receptors
inner cell mass
33. The two upper chambers of the heart - the receiving areas that pool incoming blood.
thymosin
cAMP
seminal fluid
atria
34. The volume of air inhaled and exhaled in a normal - resting breath - typically about 500 mL.
tidal volume
enzyme substrate complex
compact bone
spermatozoa
35. The most abundant type of white blood cell. Neutrophils are phagocytic and tend to self - destruct as they destroy foreign invaders - limiting their life span to a few days.
uterus
neutrophils
thromboplastin
nerve terminal
36. A regulatory protein that is a component of the thin filament. When calcium ions (Ca2+) bind to troponin - it undergoes a change in shape; this conformational change moves tropomyosin away from myosin - binding sites on actin molecules - and muscle c
troponin
epithelial tissue
ADP
fallopian tube
37. Body cell; no egg or sperm
synaptic bouton
nucleotides
autosomal cell
dinitrophenol
38. (Vh and Vl) variable N- terminal portions of the L and H chains that cause the differences between antibodies and combine to make up the antigen - binding region of the antibody.
sinoatrial node
mesenchyme
variable regions
umbilical vessels
39. Synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Adenylyl cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylyl cyclase stimulatory G (Gs)- protein - coupled receptors and
threshold value
amino acid derived hormones
Rh factor
spindle fibers
40. Non - membrane bound organelles - large - ATP- dependant - a giant protein complex that recognizes and destroys proteins tagged for elimination by the small protein ubiquitin
cotransport
bone remodeling
blastocyst
proteasomes
41. Tiny hair - like projections of the cytoplasmic membrane located only in the small intestine to facilitate absorption by increasing surface area.
Nucleotide
dense connective tissue
microvilli
peristalsis
42. A vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus.
specific defense mechanism
insulin
transverse tubules
umbilical vein
43. Found in the cytosol and contains - microfilaments - microtubules - and intermediate fibers. Gives the cell its shape and and anchor organelles. Functions in intracellular transport.
tetanus
cytoskeleton
monozygotic twins
G1 phase
44. Colorless watery fluid of blood and lymph containing no cells and in which erythrocytes and leukocytes and platelets are suspended
binary fission
ureter
plasma
placenta
45. Lighter - less strong bone that is found in the ends and inner portions of long bones; also called spongy bone
thyroid gland
cecum
allosteric modulator
cancellous bone
46. Cartilage cells - occupy spaces called lacunae
cell mediated immunity
dermis
thrombin
chondrocytes
47. Head of the sperm that releases hydrolytic enzymes allowing it to enter the egg
Cofactor
trophoblast
yellow marrow
acrosome
48. An organelle containing its own DNA and ribosomes within a eukaryotic cell
semiautonomous
gluconeogenesis
follicular phase
I band
49. Gel consisting of a network of insoluble protein fibers
neural tube
archenteron
prostaglandins
clot
50. Any of several quinones that function as electron - carrying coenzymes.
Carbohydrate
ubiquinone
blastopore
interstitial cells