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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process in which food is broken down outside the cells in a digestive tract






2. One of the main pancreatic proteases; it is activated (from chymotrypsinogen) by trypsin.






3. When comparing two solutions - the solution with the greater concentration of solutes






4. The smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of an element; consists of three main types of subatomic particles: protons neutrons and electrons.






5. A spiral shape constituting one form of the secondary structure of proteins - arising from a specific hydrogen - bonding structure.






6. Substance in which sperm are suspended that is produced by three glands in the abdominal cavity






7. Substances formed by the joining of elements through chemical bonding. every molecule of a compound is the same.






8. Fluid within the amniotic sac that surrounds and protects the fetus






9. Monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5- carbon sugar - a phosphate group - and a nitrogenous base. Are written in the 5' to 3' direction.






10. (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work






11. A bodily defense reaction that recognizes an invading substance (an antigen: such as a virus or fungus or bacteria or transplanted organ) and produces antibodies specific against that antigen






12. Points in which two cells are fastened together into strong sheets. Intermediate filaments anchor these. Also called anchoring junctions.






13. Immunity provided by the body producing its own antibodies against a particular antigen; results from exposure to the antigen via infection or vaccine






14. Provides support for your body and connects all its parts. Specialized tissue includes bone - cartilage - tendons - ligaments - adipose tissue - and blood.






15. Enzyme in the intestinal juice that converts inactive trypsinogen into active trypsin






16. Diploid cells resultinf rom the activation of a spermatogoium; primary spermatocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosis.






17. When a cell in G0 or G1 receives a signal to commit the cell to a full round of the cell cycle after passin through this point. The cell cannot return to G1 or G0 withouth completing a fell cell cycle






18. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. Involved of the transport of materials throughout the cell.






19. A type of lymphocyte responisble for cell - mediated immunity that differentiates under the influence of the thymus






20. The first phase of meiosis II. Prophase II is identical to mitotic prophase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis I. - microtubules attach to duplicated chromosomes in each of the 2 haploid daughter cells






21. Set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes






22. In the testes - these cells lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce the hormone testosterone






23. Refers to a chain of events initiated by an unnecessary test - an unexpected result - or patient or physician anxiety - which results in ill - advised tests or treatments[1] that may cause harm to patients as the results are pursued.






24. Protein consisting of a small core protein with many carbohydrate chains attached - which can further attach to a long pollysaccharide (making a complex) are the major component of the extracellular matrix






25. Noradrenaline; chemical which is excitatory - similar to adrenaline - and affects arousal and memory; raises blood pressure by causing blood vessels to become constricted - but also carried by bloodstream to the anterior pituitary which relaxes ACTH






26. The primary component of microtubules that radiate throughout the cell and provide it with support.






27. A capsule of several layers of granulosa cells that surrounds the developing secondary oocyte. this remains intact for when the secondary oocyte enters the uterine tubes






28. The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron






29. Any of the small tubules that are the excretory units of the vertebrate kidney - functional unit of the kidney






30. Large conglomerations of proteins - fats - and cholesterol that transport lipids in the bloodstream. Contains a lipid core surrounded by phospholipids and apoproteins. Are classified by their density.






31. Measurement of amount of blood ejected from a ventricle in one contraction






32. When immunity relies on lymphoctyes - like helper and killer t cells - the first type of t cells activating the latter - which ruptures macrophage and kills the infected cell






33. 'salt - retaining hormone' which promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention - which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure






34. Any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active






35. Form of active transport which does not use ATP as an energy source; rather - transport is coupled to ion diffusion down a concentration gradient established by primary active transport.






36. Colorless watery fluid of blood and lymph containing no cells and in which erythrocytes and leukocytes and platelets are suspended






37. A protein present in muscle fibers that aids in contraction and makes up the majority of muscle fiber






38. 2 phosphate together can be used for energy in place of ATP Ex.Archea






39. Contraction of diaphragm and the intercostal muscles - increasing thoracic volume - reducing pressure in the intrapleural space creating a vacuum that causes the lungs to suck in air - as well as draw in blood from the rest of the body (particularly






40. Drains away fluid so that it does not accumulate in the tissues of our body.






41. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse






42. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals.






43. Antibodies such as IgA - IgE - IgC - IgM - and IgD that are secreted by plasma cells in humoral immunity.






44. The stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle






45. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals






46. The largest artery in the body; it conducts freshly oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues.






47. Immunoglobulin. Less than 3%. Found only as a receptor on B cell membrane - Doesn't allow antigens to get into the body - Not secreted - stays attached to B cell






48. Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart






49. Holds membrane bound vesicle full of neurotransmitters






50. Hard - dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone