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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein






2. A small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication






3. The first phase of the ovarian cycle - during which a follicle (an oocyte and its surroudning cells) enlarges and matures. This phase is under the control of FSH from the anterior pituitary - and typically lasts from day 1 to day 14 of the menstrual






4. Produce about 60% of seminal fluid - these are located at the posterior wall of the urinary bladder close to the terminus of the ductus deferens. They produce a substance that nourishes the sperm passing through the tract or that promote the fertiliz






5. All of the types and relative amounts of proteins that are made in a particular cell at a particular time and under specific conditions






6. The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus - the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands






7. Any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base - A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail. Are als






8. The hollow muscular organ located behind the sternum and between the lungs






9. This part of the pituitary does not produce hormones - but stores and releases oxytocin and ADH.






10. An enzyme from the pancreas that digests proteins in the small intestine






11. The sum total of all processes in an organism Which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks.






12. The contraction of the chambers of the heart (especially the ventricles) to drive blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery






13. A way of assessing the function of a gene by introducing special transgenic constructs to inactivate its mRNA






14. Triiodothyronine; strored in follicles - contains iodine. inc basal metabolic rate - stimulates protein synthesis - accelerate body growth and inc the use of glucose for ATP production






15. An aggregation of several ribosomes attached to one messenger RNA molecule.






16. The hollow ball of cells marking the end stage of cleavage during early embryonic development






17. A form of asexual reproduction in single - celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size






18. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions






19. ADP obtains a phosphate group attached to a metabolic intermediate by a high - energy bond. the high reactivity of the bond in the metabolic intermediate enables the phosphate group to be transferred to ADP. however - most phosphate - containing meta






20. A fluid - filled sphere formed about 5 days after fertilization of an ovum that is made up of an outer ring of cells and inner cell mass. THis is the structure that implants in the endometrium of the uterus.






21. Inner fluid filled space in the blastocyst - The fluid - filled cavity that forms in the center of the blastula embryo.






22. When comparing two solutions - the solution with the greater concentration of solutes






23. A tube of cells running along the dorsal axis of the body - just dorsal to the notochord. It will give rise to the central nervous system.






24. Units in the microscopic structure of mammalian bone. layers of mineralized matrix are deposited around a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves that service the bone






25. An energy carrier that transport less energy than NADH but more than ATP






26. The region of the sarcomere made up only of thin filaments. The I band is bisected by a Z line. I bands alternate with A bands to give skeletal and cardiac muscle a striated appearance. I bands get shorter (and may disappear completely) during muscle






27. In this time during cleavage the morula (solid ball of embryonic cells) becomes the blastula (blastocyst in mammals). Implants in the uterine wall during this time.






28. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.






29. The larger of the two component polypeptides of an immunoglobulin molecule. Heavy chains come in a variety of heavy- chain classes or isotypes - each of which confers a distinctive effector function on the antibody molecule.






30. This system's funtions are (1) to transport tissue fluid to the blood vessels - and (2) to protect the body by removing foreign material such as bacteria from the lymphatic stream and by serving as a cite for lymphocytes 'policing of body fluids and






31. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals






32. The small artery that carries blood away from the capillaries of the glomerulus.






33. Antiviral proteins secreted by T cells; they also stimulate macrophages to ingest bacteria






34. Holds membrane bound vesicle full of neurotransmitters






35. Outer cells of the blastocyst that secrete enzymes that allow implantation






36. Attracts a solute molecule to a binding site






37. The class of immunoglobulin having






38. An electron - proton - or neutron; one of the three major particles of whoch atoms are composed






39. Weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms.






40. When immunity relies on lymphoctyes - like helper and killer t cells - the first type of t cells activating the latter - which ruptures macrophage and kills the infected cell






41. Minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance






42. Each enzyme catalyzes only one kind of reaction






43. A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.






44. Neurohormone secreted by the heart in response to ventricular expansion. Elevated greater than 100 pg/mL indicates some heart failure






45. A system of blood vessels where the blood passes from arteries to capillaries to veins - then through a second set of capillaries - and then through a final set of veins. THere are two portal systems in the body - the hepatic portal system and the hy






46. Thin innermost membranous sac enclosing the developing embryo of higher vertebrates (reptiles - birds and mammals)






47. A nerve or muscle fibre responds completly or not at all to a stimulus






48. A physiological reaction to threat that in which the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the organisms for attacking (fight) or fleeing (flight) and enemy






49. Valve between a ventricle of the heart and the vessel that carries blood away from the ventricle; also pertains to the valves in veins






50. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - an acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.