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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.






2. A vein connecting the capillary bed of the intestines with the capillary bed of the liver. This allows amino acids and gluocse absorbed from the intestines to be delivered first to the liver for processing before being transported throughout the circ






3. A glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix of animal cells that forms strong fibers - found extensively in connective tissue and bone; the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom.






4. Intestinal enzyme that completes digestion of partially digested proteins to amino acids






5. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.






6. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules has the same alpha linkages as glycogen






7. A hemoprotein that receives oxygen from hemoglobin and stores it in the tissues until needed - A globular protein found in muscle tissue that has the ability to bind oxygen. Myoglobin helps to store oxygen in the muscle for use in aerobic respiration






8. Carries blood from the internal Jugular to the right side of the heart






9. Holds membrane bound vesicle full of neurotransmitters






10. Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation






11. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the peptide GLUCAGON - which increases glucose levels in the blood






12. The part of the large intestine that ascends from the cecum to the transverse colon






13. Muscles lying between the ribs that - together with the rib cage - form the sides and top of the thoracic cavity






14. Assist in proper folding and transport of polypeptides across the ER - Golgi and beyond. Some are constantly synthesized - others are only synthesized by STRESS (heat shock proteins). If the folding is not successful - then the chaperones facilitate






15. The small artery that carries blood toward the capillaries of the glomerulus.






16. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch. If the cell has sufficient energy (ATP) Glucose is polymerized to this polysaccharide which is a branched glucose polyme






17. The maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inspiration. It is equal to the inspiratory reserve volume plus the tidal volume plus the expiratory reserve volume.






18. The opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge






19. Veins in the neck that return blood from the head






20. The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron






21. The stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle






22. The most common antibodies. passable through the placenta. provides passive immunity. aka gamma globulin






23. A fluid - filled sphere formed about 5 days after fertilization of an ovum that is made up of an outer ring of cells and inner cell mass. THis is the structure that implants in the endometrium of the uterus.






24. Any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active






25. The organic process of synthesizing and releasing some substance






26. The female reproductive cell






27. A physiologically inactive form of angiotensin that is the precursor to angiotensin II. ACE will convert it from I to 2.






28. Connective tissue with large amounts of either collagen fibers (making them strong) or elastic fibers - or both. Dense tissues are typically strong (e.g. bone - cartilage - tendons - etc.)






29. The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.






30. End of humerous that is closer to the shoulder






31. Type of nucleic acid located in some viruses and in human tRNA and rRNA as localized hairpin loops and stem loops double strand RNA






32. Glands located in the walls of the stomach - secreting the hormone gastrin in response to certain substances in food.






33. The process by which the positive and negative ions of an ionic solid become surrounded by solvent molecules






34. A digestive enzyme of the saliva that turns starch into maltose (salivary amylase)






35. The opening of the archenteron in the gastrula that develops into the mouth in protostomes and the anus in deuterostomes






36. Any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes - thus producing an immune response






37. Two components: organinc which is collagen fibers and inorganic which is hydroxyapatite crystals






38. Rapid antibody production that occurs following re - exposure to the antigen. IgG is the predominant antibody produced during this.






39. (biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs






40. The outermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; gives rise to the outer covering and - in some phyla - the nervous system - inner ear - and lens of the eye






41. Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics






42. The process that synthesizes a complex molecule from simpler compounds - thus requiring energy.






43. Tiny hair - like projections of the cytoplasmic membrane located only in the small intestine to facilitate absorption by increasing surface area.






44. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.






45. The increase in concentration of solutes from the cortex to the medulla - allows for urine hypertonicity






46. A protein present in muscle fibers that aids in contraction and makes up the majority of muscle fiber






47. Secreted from the atrial wall of the heart -- stimulates kidney tubles to secrete more sodium






48. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - an acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.






49. Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution






50. The second phase of meiosis consisting of chromatids separating - along with the two diploid cells splitting in two