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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Small convoluted tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis takes place.






2. Hemolytic disease in the newborn caused by a blood groop (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus






3. Condition of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid levels in the blood that result in sluggishness - slow pulse - and often obesity






4. The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.






5. Monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5- carbon sugar - a phosphate group - and a nitrogenous base






6. Cells located in the seminiferous tubules to nourish spermatids






7. A type of lymphocyte responisble for cell - mediated immunity that differentiates under the influence of the thymus






8. Substance produced by the body that inactivates or destroys another substance that is introduced into the body; antibody






9. Process of transforming cartilage into bone.






10. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti






11. The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction reduced by enzymes.






12. A way of assessing the function of a gene by introducing special transgenic constructs to inactivate its mRNA






13. Converted in the lung capillaries from angiotensin I; stimulates production of alderostone in the adrenal cortex






14. Any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base - A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail. Are als






15. 1) is the 3rd deepest layer of the epidermis 2) Consists of 3-5 layers (only one layer in thin skin) of flattened - dying cells that show signs of nuclear degeneration. 3) The cytoplasm of the cells contain numerous fine grains of Keratohylin Granule






16. An organic molecule that is a necessary participant in some enzymatic reactions; helps catalysis by donating or accepting electrons or functional groups; e.g. - a vitamin - ATP - NAD+.






17. Clusters of cells surrounding a single egg. Its function is to help an egg mature for release into the reproductive tract - where it can be fertilized






18. A muscle that draws a part away from the median line






19. A lymphocyte - like cell that develops from a B lymphocyte in reaction to a specific antigen - Lymphoid cell that secretes an antibody and originates from B lymphocytes






20. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy






21. One of the small intracellular globules composed of fats that are mixed cholesterol and coated with special proteins






22. Is a second messenger important in many biological processes. is derived from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms - conveying the cAMP- dependent pathway.






23. Contains centers that control several visceral functions - including breathing - heart and blood vessel activity - swallowing - vomiting - and digestion.






24. Polar hormones incapable of permeating the cell membrane that bind to surface receptors and act through secondary messengers






25. A neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs eating - drinking - body temperature; helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland - and is linked to emotion






26. First section of the renal tubule that the blood flows through; reabsorption of water - ions - and all organic nutrients






27. Produced by the thymus gland during childhood - this hormone stimulates T- lymphocyte development and differentiation.






28. An enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by the addition of nucleotides to the existing chain.






29. Development of the nervous system






30. Animal embryo development stage where cells on one side of the blastula move inward forming a cavity of two or three layers of cells with an opening at one end






31. Stimulate production of platelets






32. A lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow; after encountering an antigen - it will differentiate into antibody- secreting plasma cells (effector cells of humoral immunity)






33. A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood






34. A muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton






35. Whiplike tails found in one - celled organisms to aid in movement






36. Set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes






37. A hemoprotein that receives oxygen from hemoglobin and stores it in the tissues until needed - A globular protein found in muscle tissue that has the ability to bind oxygen. Myoglobin helps to store oxygen in the muscle for use in aerobic respiration






38. Dynamic - temporary array of microtubules that moves chromosomes in precise directions during mitosis or meiosis.






39. An energy carrier that transport less energy than NADH but more than ATP






40. Assist the enzyme by building the enzyme on a site other than the active site to boost the activivty.






41. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; recognize the splice sites in the pre - mRNA; located in the nucleus and are composed of proteins and RNA






42. Secreted by the anterior pituitary. It is a general metabolic hormone that plays an important role in determining body size. It affects many tissues of the body; however its major effects are on the growth of muscle and the long bones of the body.






43. Triiodothyronine; strored in follicles - contains iodine. inc basal metabolic rate - stimulates protein synthesis - accelerate body growth and inc the use of glucose for ATP production






44. (anatomy) a muscular partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities






45. A type of glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex. It converts amino acids to glucose - helps to breakdown fats to fatty acids. Decreases glucose uptake by the muscles and increases blood sugar in response to stress. Strong anti - inflammatory






46. Organ that completes the chemical digestion of food and absorbs the nutrients






47. Hairlike structures with the capacity for movement - short structures projecting from a cell and containing bundles of microtubules that move a cell through its surroundings or move fluid over the cell's surface






48. Is of crucial importance when it comes to copying and repairing DNA






49. The second phase of meiosis II. Metaphase II is identical to mitotic metaphase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis I.






50. Muscles lying between the ribs that - together with the rib cage - form the sides and top of the thoracic cavity