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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The inactive form of pepsin that is first secreted by specialized (chief) cells located in gastric pits of the stomach.
pepsinogen
Nucleic acids
vagus nerve
gametocytes
2. The number of times the heart beats in one minute. It changes in response to activity - stress - illness - etc.
endoskeleton
stratum corneum
heart rate
all or none response
3. Tissue consisting of long muscle cells that are capable of contracting when stimulated by nerve impulses. Three types skeletal - cardiac - and smooth.
reticular layer
circadian rythms
Muscle Tissue
haversian canal
4. Is of crucial importance when it comes to copying and repairing DNA
sinoatrial node
complementary pairing
filtration
intramembranous ossification
5. A normal blood protein produced by the liver - angiotensin is converted to angiotensim I by renin (secreted by kidney when blood pressur falls). Angiotensin I si further onverted to angiotensim II by ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme). Angiotensin I
seminal fluid
angiotensin
cervix
meiosis
6. Molecule binds to an enzyme somewhere other than active site and inhibits. - change the shape of the active site - and may enhance enzyme function
reabsorption
allosteric inhibitor
GnRH
papillary layer
7. Lighter - less strong bone that is found in the ends and inner portions of long bones; also called spongy bone
reversible reaction
scrotum
cancellous bone
dizygotic twins
8. Neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of His
light chains
atrioventricular node
maltase
synapse
9. Luteinizing hormone - ovulation and egg release - maturation of egg - release of testosterone in males.
thrombin
LH
atria
hypertonic solution
10. Generation of glucose from non - sugar carbon substrates like pyruvate - lactate - glycerol - and amino acids The vast majority takes place in the liver and - to a smaller extent - in the cortex of kidney. This process occurs during periods of fastin
gluconeogenesis
antigen
secretion
CNS
11. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. Involved of the transport of materials throughout the cell.
H band
mitochondrial matrix
simple diffusion
endoplasmic reticulum
12. Provides support for your body and connects all its parts. Specialized tissue includes bone - cartilage - tendons - ligaments - adipose tissue - and blood.
Connective tissue
blood vessel
linked genes
secretion
13. During this time - calcium ions bind to troponin - myosin - binding sites on actin are exposed - and crossbridges form
CNS
elastic fibers
somatic cell
contraction period
14. Body cell; no egg or sperm
autosomal cell
creatine phosphate
IgA
allosteric enzyme
15. Two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope. They direct the seperation of chromosomes during cell division.
centrioles
Fatty acids
prophase II
proton motive force
16. Stores bile produced by the liver until it is needed in the duodenum
PGAL
systole
chromatin
gall bladder
17. The sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
PNS
oral cavity
somatic nervous system
releasing hormones
18. Antiviral proteins secreted by T cells; they also stimulate macrophages to ingest bacteria
Interphase
interferons
B cell
alpha helix
19. Finger - like projections that increase the surface area and increase absorption
notochord
autosomal cell
villi
bohr effect
20. A vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus.
umbilical vein
endoskeleton
Protein
tRNA
21. A small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication
Vmax
nuclear pore complex
plasmid
renal vein
22. Tissue that connects muscle to bone
reticular layer
gestation
tendons
hromosome replication
23. Shaft or middle region of long bone that contains layer of spongy bone
endothelial cell
fetal gas exchange
diaphysis
nerve terminal
24. Physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules - thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat.
IgG
torpor
emulsification
proteome
25. Products of the first meiotic division - contain a haploid number of dyads - and undergo the second stage of meiotic division.
spongy bone
hypoglycemia
seminal vesicles
secondary spermatocytes
26. Space between bones
exon
trachea
articular cavity
umbilical cord
27. The first phase of meiosis II. Prophase II is identical to mitotic prophase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis I. - microtubules attach to duplicated chromosomes in each of the 2 haploid daughter cells
lactic acid fermentation
prophase II
medulla oblongata
semiautonomous
28. Produced in muscle cells from the reduction of pyruvate (under anaerobic conditions) to regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. A rise in lactic acid usually accompanies an increase in physical activity.
lactic acid
Nucleic acids
citric acid cycle
contraction period
29. Voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords
larynx
second messenger
loose connective tissue
inner cell mass
30. Is a swelling of the axial terminal - The presynaptic swelling of the axon terminal From which neural messages travel across synaptic cleft to other neurons
interphase
prophase
synaptic bouton
primary oocytes
31. Iron - containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for delivery to cells
synovial capsule
hemoglobin
lactic acid fermentation
expiratory reserve volume
32. Strengthening of contraction that results when the stimuli are so frequent that muscle cannot fully relax. The stronger contraction is due to the incorporation of more muscle fibers.
frequency summation
dialysis
notochord
coronary arteries
33. Enlarged vein from junctions of all cardiac veins which empty into the right atrium
reabsorption
hypothalamus
coronary sinus
dialysis
34. The breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes - bacteria - yeasts - or mold in the absence of oxygen
spliceosome
fermentation
umbilical vein
cytosol
35. The regular fluctuation - within a 24- hour period - from high to low points of certain bodily functions and behavior; sleep wakefulness cycle and body temperature
circadian rythms
cilia
elastic fibers
spindle apparatus
36. An energy storage molecule used by muscle tissue. The phosphate from creatine phosphate can be removed and attached to an ADP to generate ATP quickly.
S phase
loose connective tissue
creatine phosphate
Connective tissue
37. Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity
oxygen debt
B cell
blastocoel
ADH
38. The muscle tissue of the heart - involuntary - found only in the heart - cells can contract without being stimulated by an electrical impulse
descending limb
actin
cardiac muscle
IgD
39. Outer cells of the blastocyst that secrete enzymes that allow implantation
trophoblast
salts
first messengers
immunoglobulin
40. Strawlike tube between an ovary and the uterus through which an ovum passes after ovulation
zona pellucida
internal intercostal muscles
T cells
fallopian tube
41. Hemolytic disease in the newborn caused by a blood groop (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus
effector cell
atoms
actual osmotic pressure
erythroblastosis fetalis
42. In this time during cleavage the morula (solid ball of embryonic cells) becomes the blastula (blastocyst in mammals). Implants in the uterine wall during this time.
autoimmune response
blastulation
reduction
synapsis
43. Organisms that first forms a mouth when it develops.
indeterminate cleavage
protostomes
GH
stroke volume
44. Boundaries of the sarcomere which give skeletal muscle its striated appearance
z lines
pharynx
posterior pituitary
cotransport
45. Minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance
cortisone
electrolytes
contraction period
Golgi apparatus
46. The part of an organism that connects the head to the rest of the body
endoderm
cervix
Glucose
trophoblast
47. Glands of the endocrine system that release hormones into the bloodstream
H band
route of blood flow
cytosol
endocrine glands
48. Bone marrow of children and some adult bones that is required for the formation of red blood cells
cell mediated immunity
articular cartilage
red marrow
villi
49. Relatively massive bundles of subunits composed of the protein myosin that can reach 15nm in diameter
thick filaments
medulla oblongata
cell division
neurulation
50. Anaerobic ATP- forming pathway. Pyruvate from glycolysis is degraded to acetaldehyde - which accepts electrons from NADH to form ethanol; NAD+ needed for the reactions is regenerated. Net yield: 2 ATP.
alcohol fermentation
cytosol
striated muscle
coronary sinus