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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of lymphocyte responisble for cell - mediated immunity that differentiates under the influence of the thymus
ligaments
cytochromes
Primary structure
T lymphocyte
2. Enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by thyroid dysfunction - tumor - lack of iodine in the diet - or inflammation (goiter = throat)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
goiter
mesenchyme
mitochondria
3. Bone forming cells
snRNP
BNP
osteoblasts
Eicosanoid
4. Organ of the female reproductive system in which a fertilized egg can develop
uterus
bone remodeling
angiotensin II
alpha cells
5. Comes in at a site other than active site but alters shape of enzyme so it can no longer bind reactants
addison's disease
basement membrane
noncompetitive inhibition
notochord
6. The junction between a nerve fiber and the muscle it supplies
neuromuscular junction
prophase II
homoeostasis
collagen
7. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.
calvin cycle
Binary fission
alveoli
Nervous Tissue
8. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood
renal artery
prothrombin
seminal fluid
hypothyroidism
9. Iron - containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for delivery to cells
phagocytosis
determinate cleavage
hemoglobin
proximal end
10. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of an oogoium; primary oocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosi
primary oocytes
prophase II
neural folds
heavy chains
11. A stable complex of hemoglobin and carbon monoxide that prevents normal oxygen uptake in the blood.
FAD
carboxyhemoglobin
passive diffusion
bowmans capsule
12. On a hydra - they secrete mucus onto the body surface - particularly around the mouth and basal disc
gland cells
blastulation
ATPase
nonspecific defense mechanism
13. Person with type AB blood who can recieve any blood because it has no antibodies
countertransport
pyrophosphate
allosteric modulator
universal recipient
14. Wavelike contraction of the walls of the intestines - which propels contents onward
peristalsis
stratum lucidum
nucleolus
umbilical arteries
15. The female gonads - paired almond - sized organs located in the pelvic cavity - and produce two steroid hormone groups the estrogns and pregesterone. The endocrine and exocrine functions do not begin until the onset of puberty.
heterotrophic
ovaries
chorion
chaperones
16. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient
cotransport
thrombin
myosin binding sites
osmoregulation
17. A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body. Composed of specialized tissues called neurons.
enzyme kinetics
Solvation
Nervous Tissue
threshold value
18. A strong acid present in the stomach that aids in digestion
lamellae
platelets
HCl
proton gradient
19. The organs that hormones act on to either increase or decrease the organ's activity level.
chylomicrons
thoracic cavity
cotransport
target organs
20. Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes - that have the same structured - and that pair during meisosis
ed blood cells
fetus
homologous chromosomes
secondary response
21. The exterior protective or supporting structure or shell of many animals (especially invertebrates) including bony or horny parts such as nails or scales or hoofs
trachea
exoskeleton
umbilical cord
immune cells
22. Valve between a ventricle of the heart and the vessel that carries blood away from the ventricle; also pertains to the valves in veins
semilunar valve
somatic nervous system
luteal phase
proton gradient
23. Converted in the lung capillaries from angiotensin I; stimulates production of alderostone in the adrenal cortex
concentration gradient
angiotensin II
lacteals
chymotrypsin
24. Veins in the neck that return blood from the head
Osmosis
jugular vein
elastic fibers
beta cells
25. The passage between the pharynx and the stomach
rRNA
esophagus
exon
supierior vena cava
26. Enzymatically converts glucose through several steps (9)into pyruvic acid and provides a small amount of ATP
cytosol
interstitial cells
glycolytic pathway
elastic fibers
27. Formed from two secondary spermatocytes that undergo meiosis II to produce 4 of them
spermatogenesis
amphipathic
spermatids
hypodermis
28. Storage lipids. Function is to store energy and can be fat in bodies of animals. Consists of glycerol molecule to 3 fatty acids attached to a three carbon backbone. May also function to provide thermal insulation and padding to an organism.
riacylglycerols
oral cavity
tubulins
external nares
29. Any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes - thus producing an immune response
allosteric modulator
excretion
antigen
antibody
30. Antibodies such as IgA - IgE - IgC - IgM - and IgD that are secreted by plasma cells in humoral immunity.
reticular fibers
synovial fluid
tarch
immunoglobulins
31. Synaptic gap or synaptic space; tiny gap between the terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron (almost never touch); location of the transfer of an impulse from one neuron to the next
enzyme
somatostatin
synaptic cleft
umbilical cord
32. The muscle tissue of the heart - involuntary - found only in the heart - cells can contract without being stimulated by an electrical impulse
hyperglycemia
amylose
cardiac muscle
pyruvate decarboxylation
33. Organ in placental mammals through which nutrients - oxygen - carbon dioxide - and wastes are exchanged between embryo and mother
spermatogenesis
placenta
functional groups
ureter
34. A hormone secreted by the small intestine (duodenum) in response to low pH (e.g. - from stomach acid). It promotes the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas to act as a buffer.
telopahse
Protein
secretin
hypothalamus
35. Finger - like projections that increase the surface area and increase absorption
endocrine glands
deuterstomes
Rh factor
villi
36. (Fast twitch fibers) Contain less myoglobin and fewer mitochondria and have a greater contraction rate - but fatigue more easily. - no myoglobin - fast twitch fibers - fatigue easily - lots of glycogen
amnion
cilia
tropomyosin
white fibers
37. An agranulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis to fight infection
riacylglycerols
monocytes
plasma
loop of henle
38. A fluid - filled sphere formed about 5 days after fertilization of an ovum that is made up of an outer ring of cells and inner cell mass. THis is the structure that implants in the endometrium of the uterus.
gap junction
allosteric enzyme
blastocyst
primary response
39. An artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal glands and ureters
renal artery
immune response
thin filaments
synaptic bouton
40. A complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds - fruits - tubers - roots and stem pith of plants - notably in corn - potatoes - wheat - and rice. Forms include amylose and amylopectin
humoral immunity
tarch
S phase
enzyme
41. A form of external male pseudohermaphroditism - characterized by the lack of androgen receptors in the external genitalia: these individuals have testes - but the body and the external genitalia are female. They typically have a rudimentary vagina -
proton gradient
testicular feminization
Muscle Tissue
Cytochromes
42. Units in the microscopic structure of mammalian bone. layers of mineralized matrix are deposited around a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves that service the bone
microbodies
atrial natriuretic hormone
haversian systems
osteoclasts
43. The smallest blood vessels which connect the smallest arteries with the smallest veins. Nourishment and fluid noramlly trapped in thick walled arteries and veins can easily pass through the delicate walls of the capillaries
spermatogonia
mucosa
capillaries
immunoglobulins
44. Strawlike tube between an ovary and the uterus through which an ovum passes after ovulation
vasa recta
gastric glands
fallopian tube
adrenal cortex
45. Points in which two cells are fastened together into strong sheets. Intermediate filaments anchor these. Also called anchoring junctions.
troponin
desmosomes
regulator
dense connective tissue
46. First and longest phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
spermatogenesis
prophase
dsRNA
CCK
47. In the umbilical cord - carries blood and nutrients from mom to baby.
umbilical vessels
exoskeleton
homoeostasis
Fatty acids
48. Type of enzyme regulation that is stored in inactive forms in the body until it is needed. When needed - cleaves bonds to give active form of the enzyme. Called 'Proteolytic Activity' at that point.
platelets
spermatozoa
proenzyme
oncotic pressure
49. Series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
sister chromatids
binary fission
cell cycle
crossing over
50. The outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates
erythroblastosis fetalis
thyroxine
epidermis
hypertonic solution