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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Second layer of skin - holding blood vessels - nerve endings - sweat glands - and hair follicles
prophase
corona radiata
induction
dermis
2. The inner germ layer that develops into the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems
light chains
endoderm
Vmax
elastic fibers
3. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; recognize the splice sites in the pre - mRNA; located in the nucleus and are composed of proteins and RNA
snRNP
A band
capsid
thoracic cavity
4. In this time during cleavage the morula (solid ball of embryonic cells) becomes the blastula (blastocyst in mammals). Implants in the uterine wall during this time.
allosteric inhibitor
parthogenesis
blastulation
Conjugated protein
5. Two lobes joined by a central mass in the throat - inferior to the larynx - produces two major hormones.
virus
Proline
thyroid gland
glomerulus
6. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals.
ACTH
Carbohydrate
protostomes
G2 phase
7. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule
spindle apparatus
corticosteroids
primary spermatocytes
signal transduction
8. Infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.
nerve terminal
pyruvate
spliceosome
cristae
9. Package of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat that must use a host cell's machinery to reproduce itself. are not considered living cells.
glycolysis
tetanus
virus
epiphyseal plate
10. The layer of epidermis immediately under the stratum corneum in the skin of the palms and soles
proenzyme
red fibers
stratum lucidum
bohr effect
11. A physiological sphincter that briefly slows down food before it enters the stomach . it also acts to prevent stomach contents from regurgitating into the esophagus - thus protecting the esophageal mucosa from the corrosive effect of the stomach acid
lower esophageal sphincter
osmotic pressure
ascending limb
visceral pleura
12. A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells
plasma cell
gap junction
centrioles
neurotransmitters
13. Drains away fluid so that it does not accumulate in the tissues of our body.
urethra
lymph capillaries
glycolytic pathway
phagocytosis
14. Small organelles filled with enzymes; one function is to break down lipids - carbohydrates - and proteins from food particles; may also break down old cell parts. enzymes are maximally effective at a pH of 5 and they fuse with endocytic vacuoles to b
osmolarity gradient
microfilaments
anasarca
Lysosomes
15. Source: Adrenal cortex - Target Tissues: Kidneys - Function: Raise blood volume - bp - and salts in blood - Stimulus to release: low bp - blood volume - or low salt concentration - Regulated: Negative feedback - ANF hypothalamus hierarchy
peptidases
allosteric effector
mineralcorticoids
GH
16. A small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication
plasmid
facilitated diffusion
stratum basalis
microfilaments
17. The valves in the heart that separte the atria from teh ventricles. The tricuspid valve separates teh right atrium from the right ventricel - and the bicuspid (mitral) valves separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. These valves close at th
testicular feminization
blastocoel
cristae
atrioventricular valves
18. Sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein
amino acid derived hormones
cortisone
androgens
intron
19. The organs that hormones act on to either increase or decrease the organ's activity level.
antigen binding site
target organs
adenylate cyclase
synovial fluid
20. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse
vaginal canal
telophase I
purkinje fibers
pyrophosphate
21. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood
induction
prothrombin
chemoreceptors
relaxation period
22. This poison that can carru protons across inner membrane; uncouples the electron transport chain from the proton gradient established across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
dinitrophenol
ctive site
chymotrypsinogen
blastocyst
23. 2 phosphate together can be used for energy in place of ATP Ex.Archea
parathyroid glands
tertiary structure
oncotic pressure
pyrophosphate
24. The most common antibodies. passable through the placenta. provides passive immunity. aka gamma globulin
Lysosomes
IgG
deuterstomes
amphipathic
25. A nucleotide found in muscle cells and important in metabolism
AMP
nucleolus
secretion
filtration
26. A physiologically inactive form of angiotensin that is the precursor to angiotensin II. ACE will convert it from I to 2.
angiotensin I
total lung capacity
humoral immunity
hypoglycemia
27. A regulatory protein that is a component of the thin filament. When calcium ions (Ca2+) bind to troponin - it undergoes a change in shape; this conformational change moves tropomyosin away from myosin - binding sites on actin molecules - and muscle c
osmolarity gradient
troponin
subatomic particle
anaphase
28. Attracts a solute molecule to a binding site
membrane carrier
tarch
morula
hypertonic solution
29. Stimulates and sustains a woman's milk production following the birth of an infant
carbonic anhydrase
prolactin
RNAi
chymotrypsinogen
30. The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
atrioventricular valves
autonomic nervous system
osteons
actin
31. The part of the small intestine between the jejunum and the cecum - End portion of the small intestine
ileum
metaphase
anterior pituitary
determinate cleavage
32. In immune network theory - an idiotope - an antigenic site of an antibody that is responsible for that antibody binding to an antigenic determinant (epitope).
acidosis
antigen binding site
lock and key theory
diaphragm
33. Contraction of diaphragm and the intercostal muscles - increasing thoracic volume - reducing pressure in the intrapleural space creating a vacuum that causes the lungs to suck in air - as well as draw in blood from the rest of the body (particularly
ligaments
negative pressure breathing
vital capacity
red fibers
34. The primary component of microtubules that radiate throughout the cell and provide it with support.
tubulins
carbonic anhydrase
tidal volume
osmotic pressure
35. Pertaining to substances that don't contain carbon; a substance that is produced from the breakdown of PC and is the leading cause of fatigue in working muscles
tendons
TSH
inorganic phosphate
primary response
36. The process of cytokinesis in animal cells - characterized by pinching of the plasma membrane; specifically - the succession of rapid cell divisions without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cells.
vasa recta
cleavage
HCl
stratum spinosum
37. The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.
semiautonomous
oxidation
Interphase
fetal hemoglobin
38. Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses
alveoli
spermatogenesis
ctive site
linked genes
39. Any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose
lactase
cilia
synovial capsule
prostaglandins
40. A gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth of Graafian follicles in female mammals - and activates sperm - forming cells in male mammals
trophoblast
glycolytic pathway
FSH
sertoli cells
41. An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ADP to ATP as a result of a series of events that occur in and around a membrane. in prokaryotes it is in the cell membrane and in eukaryotes it is in the mitochondrial membrane
ATPase
amylopectin
androgens
FADH
42. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle has the property of flexing without nervous stimulation called...
chondrin
Saturated fatty acids
myogenic activity
umbilical vessels
43. External female genitalia; includes the labia - hymen - clitoris - and the vaginal orifice
emulsification
oxytocin
vulva
Receptors
44. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.
sympathetic nervous system
allantois
citric acid cycle
Glycogen
45. Antibody found in blood and secretions - made more than any other isotype - most abundunt in the tears - sweat - saliva and mucosa.
IgA
plasmids
chymotrypsin
cell adhesion proteins
46. Respiration in the absence of sufficient oxygen leads to a build up of lactic acid that has to be cleared when sufficient oxygen is available.
autoimmune response
oxygen debt
respiratory center
testicular feminization
47. A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecules
epiglottis
enzyme substrate complex
autotrophic
fetal gas exchange
48. A skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint
A band
stroke volume
structural proteins
flexor
49. Relatively massive bundles of subunits composed of the protein myosin that can reach 15nm in diameter
humoral immunity
cyanobacteria
thick filaments
negative pressure breathing
50. Glyceraldehyde phosphate; a three - carbon molecule formed in the second step of the Calvin cycle that can leave the cycle and be used to make other organic compounds
oncotic pressure
follicles
sympathetic nervous system
PGAL