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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein
CRF
insulin
sarcoplasm
intron
2. A small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication
metaphase
ascending colon
plasmid
myoglobin
3. The first phase of the ovarian cycle - during which a follicle (an oocyte and its surroudning cells) enlarges and matures. This phase is under the control of FSH from the anterior pituitary - and typically lasts from day 1 to day 14 of the menstrual
follicular phase
vaginal canal
external intercostal muscles
expiratory reserve volume
4. Produce about 60% of seminal fluid - these are located at the posterior wall of the urinary bladder close to the terminus of the ductus deferens. They produce a substance that nourishes the sperm passing through the tract or that promote the fertiliz
cytochrome oxidase
articular cartilage
seminal vesicles
microbodies
5. All of the types and relative amounts of proteins that are made in a particular cell at a particular time and under specific conditions
mitochondrial matrix
proteome
interphase
canliculi
6. The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus - the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands
dinitrophenol
coronary veins
G1 phase
pituitary gland
7. Any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base - A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail. Are als
Phospholipid
thrompoietin
osmotic pressure
gluconeogenesis
8. The hollow muscular organ located behind the sternum and between the lungs
hypercapnia
heart
reticular fibers
prophase
9. This part of the pituitary does not produce hormones - but stores and releases oxytocin and ADH.
route of blood flow
mitochondrial matrix
spermatids
posterior pituitary
10. An enzyme from the pancreas that digests proteins in the small intestine
jejunum
portal systems
Terpene
trypsin
11. The sum total of all processes in an organism Which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks.
prosthetic group
catabolism
Receptors
structural proteins
12. The contraction of the chambers of the heart (especially the ventricles) to drive blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery
memory cell
systole
alpha cells
tricuspid valve
13. A way of assessing the function of a gene by introducing special transgenic constructs to inactivate its mRNA
bohr effect
mucous cells
RNAi
HCl
14. Triiodothyronine; strored in follicles - contains iodine. inc basal metabolic rate - stimulates protein synthesis - accelerate body growth and inc the use of glucose for ATP production
goiter
caveolae
3
ductus arteriosus
15. An aggregation of several ribosomes attached to one messenger RNA molecule.
regeneration
polyribosome
lipases
parasympathetic nervous system
16. The hollow ball of cells marking the end stage of cleavage during early embryonic development
blastula
insulin
heart rate
proximal convoluted tubule
17. A form of asexual reproduction in single - celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size
lactic acid
prophase II
glycolysis
Binary fission
18. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions
FAD
collagenous fibers
alimentary canal
ubiquinone
19. ADP obtains a phosphate group attached to a metabolic intermediate by a high - energy bond. the high reactivity of the bond in the metabolic intermediate enables the phosphate group to be transferred to ADP. however - most phosphate - containing meta
substrate level phosphorylation
basophils
structural proteins
thermoregulation
20. A fluid - filled sphere formed about 5 days after fertilization of an ovum that is made up of an outer ring of cells and inner cell mass. THis is the structure that implants in the endometrium of the uterus.
ptyalin
Lipids
papillary layer
blastocyst
21. Inner fluid filled space in the blastocyst - The fluid - filled cavity that forms in the center of the blastula embryo.
allosteric enzyme
blastocoel
melanin
neural tube
22. When comparing two solutions - the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
hypertonic
intracellular digestion
allosteric activators
troponin
23. A tube of cells running along the dorsal axis of the body - just dorsal to the notochord. It will give rise to the central nervous system.
membrane carrier
secondary spermatocytes
neural tube
structural proteins
24. Units in the microscopic structure of mammalian bone. layers of mineralized matrix are deposited around a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves that service the bone
polar body
haversian systems
induced fit model
thick filaments
25. An energy carrier that transport less energy than NADH but more than ATP
FADH
trachea
morula
peristalsis
26. The region of the sarcomere made up only of thin filaments. The I band is bisected by a Z line. I bands alternate with A bands to give skeletal and cardiac muscle a striated appearance. I bands get shorter (and may disappear completely) during muscle
I band
ileum
thromboplastin
noncompetitive inhibition
27. In this time during cleavage the morula (solid ball of embryonic cells) becomes the blastula (blastocyst in mammals). Implants in the uterine wall during this time.
cilia
TSH
blastulation
pepsinogen
28. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.
intracellular digestion
emulsification
somatostatin
luteal phase
29. The larger of the two component polypeptides of an immunoglobulin molecule. Heavy chains come in a variety of heavy- chain classes or isotypes - each of which confers a distinctive effector function on the antibody molecule.
oogenesis
heavy chains
synapse
renal artery
30. This system's funtions are (1) to transport tissue fluid to the blood vessels - and (2) to protect the body by removing foreign material such as bacteria from the lymphatic stream and by serving as a cite for lymphocytes 'policing of body fluids and
androgens
lymphatic system
endometrium
chondrocytes
31. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals
carbohydrate
synaptic cleft
corona radiata
lymphokines
32. The small artery that carries blood away from the capillaries of the glomerulus.
hypodermis
binary fission
regulator
efferent arteriole
33. Antiviral proteins secreted by T cells; they also stimulate macrophages to ingest bacteria
interferons
PKU
fetal gas exchange
prostaglandins
34. Holds membrane bound vesicle full of neurotransmitters
primary spermatocytes
nerve terminal
ejaculatory duct
trachea
35. Outer cells of the blastocyst that secrete enzymes that allow implantation
somatotropin
cytokinesis
allantois
trophoblast
36. Attracts a solute molecule to a binding site
secondary active transport
renal vein
interferons
membrane carrier
37. The class of immunoglobulin having
IgM
synapsis
FMN
acrosomal process
38. An electron - proton - or neutron; one of the three major particles of whoch atoms are composed
Lysosomes
cardiac output
chymotrypsin
subatomic particle
39. Weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms.
carbonic anhydrase
Hydrogen Bond
prostaglandins
tubulins
40. When immunity relies on lymphoctyes - like helper and killer t cells - the first type of t cells activating the latter - which ruptures macrophage and kills the infected cell
prolactin
cell mediated immunity
synovial capsule
Glycolipids
41. Minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance
zymogen
osmolarity gradient
mitochondrial matrix
electrolytes
42. Each enzyme catalyzes only one kind of reaction
enzyme specificity
Active immunity
BNP
cytoskeleton
43. A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.
maltase
chemiosmosis
Proteoglycan
inhibiting hormones
44. Neurohormone secreted by the heart in response to ventricular expansion. Elevated greater than 100 pg/mL indicates some heart failure
BNP
facilitated diffusion
structural proteins
ductus arteriosus
45. A system of blood vessels where the blood passes from arteries to capillaries to veins - then through a second set of capillaries - and then through a final set of veins. THere are two portal systems in the body - the hepatic portal system and the hy
relative refractory period
yolk sac
portal systems
oxaloacetate
46. Thin innermost membranous sac enclosing the developing embryo of higher vertebrates (reptiles - birds and mammals)
neurulation
amnion
immovable joints
ATPase
47. A nerve or muscle fibre responds completly or not at all to a stimulus
duodenum
all or none response
fibrin
atrial natriuretic hormone
48. A physiological reaction to threat that in which the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the organisms for attacking (fight) or fleeing (flight) and enemy
angiotensin
collagenous fibers
Proteoglycan
fight or flight response
49. Valve between a ventricle of the heart and the vessel that carries blood away from the ventricle; also pertains to the valves in veins
aorta
adenylate cyclase
chondrin
semilunar valve
50. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - an acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.
epiglottis
chylomicrons
NADP
relaxation period