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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Self - digestion occurring in plant and animal tissues - particularly after they have ceased to function properly
small intestine
monocytes
articular cavity
autolysis
2. A band of cells along the border where the neural tube pinches off from the ectoderm; the cells migrate to various parts of the embryo and form the pigment cells in the skin - bones of the skull - the teeth - the adrenal glands - and parts of the per
prophase
neural crest
immune response
allantois
3. Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
osteoporosis
thrombin
3
ectoderm
4. Pleura that lines the inner chest walls and covers the diaphragm
parietal pleura
Michaelis constant
citric acid cycle
reabsorption
5. 1) is the 2nd and deepest layer of the dermis. 2) Compose of Dense Irregular CT. 3) Contains interlacing Collagen and Elastic Fibers. 4) Is packed with oil glands - sweat gland ducts - fat - and hair follicles. 5) It provides strength - extensibility
enterokinase
granular leukocytes
renal artery
reticular layer
6. Precursor of the digestive enzyme chymotrypsin. comes from the acinar cells in the pancreas and is activated by autocatalysis or by trypsin (the active form of trypsinogen)
deuterstomes
chymotrypsinogen
glucagon
fibroblasts
7. A type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself
hemoglobin
GnRH
desmosomes
apoptosis
8. Abnormal loss of bony tissue resulting in fragile porous bones attributable to a lack of calcium
carbonic anhydrase
osteoporosis
bone matrix
external intercostal muscles
9. A digestive enzyme of the saliva that turns starch into maltose (salivary amylase)
spliceosome
ptyalin
calcitonin
osteoblasts
10. Sarcomere region with thick filaments only - located in center of sacromere; myosin only; become smaller when contraction takes place.
ductus arteriosus
notochord
H band
interphase
11. After completing meiosis I - these are produced along with a polar body and are released into the fallopian tube.
bacteriophage
secondary response
gluconeogenesis
secondary oocytes
12. Cartilage cells - occupy spaces called lacunae
mitochondria
ADH
chondrocytes
trachea
13. The thin endometrium layer of the uterus that does not shed and is responsible for forming a new functional layer after menstruation ends
glycolytic pathway
hypothyroidism
stratum basalis
Cofactor
14. Accounts for 2/3 of the weight of bone; formed when calcium phosphate interacts with calcium hydroxide
synergistic muscle
structural proteins
hydroxyapatite crystals
seminal vesicles
15. An enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by the addition of nucleotides to the existing chain.
DNA polymerase
glucagon
secretion
stratum corneum
16. The pyruvate from glycolysis either is used in biosynthesis or it is oxidized into acetyl coenzyme A. CoA enters this cyclic catabolic pathway. This cycle forms more precursor metabolites - ATP by substrate - level phosphorylation - NAD(P)H - and car
TCA cycle
proximal convoluted tubule
fermentation
lymphocytes
17. The more superficial layer of the dermis in which dermal papillae project into the epidermis; areolar connective tissue
microvilli
lamellae
blastocoel
papillary layer
18. Stimulate production of platelets
thrompoietin
flagella
hypophyseal portal system
compounds
19. Microtubules and fibers that radiate out from the centrioles
asters
intermembrane space
parietal cells
meiosis
20. The part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands
mitochondria
ANS
antigen
pyrophosphate
21. The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction reduced by enzymes.
adenylate cyclase
activation energy
tetanus
expiratory reserve volume
22. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the peptide GLUCAGON - which increases glucose levels in the blood
alpha cells
metaphase I
Glycoproteins
granular leukocytes
23. Time between application of a stimulus and the beginning of a response in a muscle fiber
follicular phase
Unsaturated fatty acid
latent period
chymotrypsin
24. Immunoglobulin. Less than 3%. Found only as a receptor on B cell membrane - Doesn't allow antigens to get into the body - Not secreted - stays attached to B cell
epinephrine
chiasmata
secondary oocytes
IgD
25. Condition of hypersecretion of the thyroid gland characterized by exophthalmia - tachycardia - goiter - and tumor
oxidation
hyperthyroidism
asters
insulin
26. Most superficial - 'horn - like' cornified or keratinized - 15-30 layers flat and dead - 15-30 days from stratum basale then 10-14 days until lost - tightly connected
blastocoel
smooth ER
glycolysis
stratum corneum
27. The sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
quarternary structure
PNS
red marrow
Rh factor
28. Blood cells containing hemoglobin that carry oxygen through the bloodstream
allosteric modulator
latent period
cytokinesis
ed blood cells
29. Brings blood from the fetus to the placenta.
chymotrypsin
myosin
umbilical arteries
microvilli
30. A coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid
Steroids
NAD
blastulation
budding
31. A mixed nerve that supplies the pharynx and larynx and lungs and heart and esophagus and stomach and most of the abdominal viscera
vagus nerve
prothrombin
mucous cells
TRH
32. Large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix - releasing calcium ions into the blood
ADP
crossing over
atrial natriuretic hormone
osteoclasts
33. The organic process of synthesizing and releasing some substance
lymph nodes
secretion
collagenous fibers
telophase II
34. This part of the pituitary does not produce hormones - but stores and releases oxytocin and ADH.
posterior pituitary
pyruvate
ADH
hypodermis
35. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.
H band
indeterminate cleavage
calvin cycle
external nares
36. In the testes - these cells lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce the hormone testosterone
hypothalamus
thromboplastin
interstitial cells
clot
37. Located at the base of the esophagus and functions to prevent food materials from entering the esophagus from the stomach
cardiac sphincter
B lymphocyte
metaphase I
amino acid derived hormones
38. Causes bends/kinks in the protein - ring structured R group - linking carboxylic acid to amine group.
myosin
Proline
feedback inhibition
vagus nerve
39. This multiprotein complex in the ETC catalyzes the transfer of the electrons to oxygen
adrenal glands
dialysis
ascending colon
cytochrome oxidase
40. Inner fluid filled space in the blastocyst - The fluid - filled cavity that forms in the center of the blastula embryo.
blastocoel
IgG
stratum lucidum
microbodies
41. Hemolytic disease in the newborn caused by a blood groop (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus
erythroblastosis fetalis
carbohydrate
riacylglycerols
androgens
42. A muscle cell or gland cell that performs the body's responses to stimuli; responds to signals from the brain or other processing center of the nervous system.
effector cell
FADH
cotransport
Unsaturated fatty acid
43. Neurohormone secreted by the heart in response to ventricular expansion. Elevated greater than 100 pg/mL indicates some heart failure
cytokinesis
cretinism
BNP
cortical sex hormones
44. First step in releasing the energy of glucose - in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid
IgA
glycolysis
3
FAD
45. Include bacteria and cyanobacteria - are unicellular organisms with simple cell structure. Have an outermembrane but do not contain membrane bound organelles. There is no true nucleus and the genetic material consists of a single circular molecule of
nuclear pore complex
prokaryotes
prosthetic group
ed blood cells
46. Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis
pyruvate
filtration
ctive site
renal vein
47. A bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles causing them to contract
bundle of his
androgens
blastocoel
cytochrome oxidase
48. The widening of the chambers of the heart between two contractions when the chambers fill with blood
diastole
effector cell
myoglobin
Nucleotide
49. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules has the same alpha linkages as glycogen
amylose
budding
functional groups
erythroblastosis fetalis
50. A protein that folds into a compact shape so that the polar and ionic amino acids are on the outside and the nonpolar amino acids are on the inside. They function as enzymes - hormones - membrane pumps and channels - membrane receptors andinter/intra
follicular phase
epiphyses
globular protein
transcription