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MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Binds more oxygen in red blood cells than adult hemoglobin - to aide in transferring oxygen across placenta.
fetal hemoglobin
homologous chromosomes
intracellular digestion
bacteriophage
2. Clusters of cells surrounding a single egg. Its function is to help an egg mature for release into the reproductive tract - where it can be fertilized
follicles
articular cartilage
spongy bone
axial skeleton
3. Synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Adenylyl cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylyl cyclase stimulatory G (Gs)- protein - coupled receptors and
obligatory base pairing
islets of langerhans
amino acid derived hormones
vasa recta
4. First step in releasing the energy of glucose - in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid
ovaries
glycolysis
flagella
anabolism
5. Comes in at a site other than active site but alters shape of enzyme so it can no longer bind reactants
mucosa
proton gradient
noncompetitive inhibition
disulfide linkages
6. Second layer of skin - holding blood vessels - nerve endings - sweat glands - and hair follicles
stratum spinosum
chondrin
dermis
Hcg
7. Thyroid hormone that tends to lower the level of calcium in the blood plasma and inhibit resorption of bone
reabsorption
Prostaglandins
calcitonin
fertilization membrane
8. A chemical bond consisting of a hydrogen atom between two electronegative atoms (e.g. - oxygen or nitrogen) with one side be a covalent bond and the other being an ionic bond
gastrin
prokaryotes
citric acid cycle
hydrogen bond
9. The brain's sensory switchboard - located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla
thalamus
actin
movable joints
torpor
10. The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out
bowmans capsule
exocytosis
histamine
parietal pleura
11. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
papillary layer
lymphatic system
sympathetic nervous system
Rh factor
12. The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.
emulsification
heart rate
oxidation
diabetes mellitus
13. A neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord
H band
intron
inferior vena cava
motor neuron
14. The elastic tension of living muscles - arteries - etc. that facilitate response to stimuli
myosin binding sites
stratum basalis
tonus
respiratory center
15. Tiny passageways interconnecting the lacunae/osteocytes with the blood vessels - nerves - etc. in the Haversain Canal of an Haversian System
bulbourethral gland
canliculi
autosomal cell
testicular feminization
16. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the peptide GLUCAGON - which increases glucose levels in the blood
CCK
platelets
alpha cells
loop of henle
17. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; recognize the splice sites in the pre - mRNA; located in the nucleus and are composed of proteins and RNA
mitochondrial matrix
snRNP
kinase
ascending limb
18. The passage between the pharynx and the stomach
intron
threshold value
urethra
esophagus
19. Development of the nervous system
neurulation
allosteric inhibitor
first messengers
extracellular digestion
20. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti
thrombin
Prostaglandins
dense connective tissue
pancreas
21. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse
vaginal canal
monocytes
corona radiata
fibrin
22. Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen - rich blood to the heart muscle
parietal cells
coronary arteries
spermatogenesis
umbilical arteries
23. Used to assess the rates at which enzymatic reactions occur /Will focus primarily on initial reaction rates measured over time /Influenced by a variety of factors : Concentrations of substrates - products and inhibitors
enzyme kinetics
membrane carrier
blood vessel
alveoli
24. The path molecules travel when an imbalance between separated molecule concentrations exists
Dehydration synthesis
microtubule
concentration gradient
chymotrypsin
25. Found within the lymph nodes - they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria - cancer cells - and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream.
tonus
macrophages
atrioventricular node
structural proteins
26. The process in which a different substrate goes into the active site of an enzyme - thus shutting down the enzyme and not allowing it to function
competitive inhibition
ETS
renin angiotensin system
metaphase
27. Molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region such as a phosopholipid
troponin
vital capacity
peptide hormones
amphipathic
28. An antibody that is involved in hypersensitivity and allergies. For some reason the body makes this antibody instead of IgG/A
extracellular digestion
IgE
telophase I
Glucose
29. The innermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; lines the archenteron and gives rise to the liver - pancreas - lungs - and the lining of the digestive tract
loose connective tissue
capillaries
inferior vena cava
endoderm
30. Tissue consisting of long muscle cells that are capable of contracting when stimulated by nerve impulses. Three types skeletal - cardiac - and smooth.
Muscle Tissue
reversible reaction
cilia
mesenchyme
31. Secreted from the atrial wall of the heart -- stimulates kidney tubles to secrete more sodium
atrial natriuretic hormone
cardiovascular system
all or none response
forces creating tertiary structure
32. A cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte - stimulating hormone
ectoderm
interstitial cells
pyloric glands
melanocyte
33. Forms the main trunk of the body and is composed of the skull - spinal column - ribs - and breastbone
enterogastrone
ADH
gamete
axial skeleton
34. Luteinizing hormone - ovulation and egg release - maturation of egg - release of testosterone in males.
hydrostatic pressure
lock and key theory
cleavage
LH
35. Monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5- carbon sugar - a phosphate group - and a nitrogenous base. Are written in the 5' to 3' direction.
Nucleotide
translation
autolysis
acromegaly
36. A regulatory protein that is a component of the thin filament. When calcium ions (Ca2+) bind to troponin - it undergoes a change in shape; this conformational change moves tropomyosin away from myosin - binding sites on actin molecules - and muscle c
atria
spindle fibers
troponin
helper T cells
37. Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix
A band
holoenzyme
exon
lamellae
38. A muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton
lipases
striated muscle
renal vein
lactase
39. Microtubules and fibers that radiate out from the centrioles
bases
bone remodeling
lock and key theory
asters
40. Encloses the cell and is composed of a phospholipid bilayer.
blastula
mineralcorticoids
kinase
Cell membrane
41. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin - a hormone secreted by the trophoblast cells of a blasocyst (i.e. developing embryo) that prolongs the life of the corpus luteum - and thus increases the duration and amount of secreted progesterone. This helps to mainta
allosteric enzyme
bronchioles
cristae
Hcg
42. Muscles having similar and mutualistic functions.
interstitial cells
synergistic muscle
microtubule
secondary spermatocytes
43. During this time - calcium ions bind to troponin - myosin - binding sites on actin are exposed - and crossbridges form
oxaloacetate
contraction period
renal medulla
obligate intracellular parasite
44. The stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle
A band
secretin
Rh factor
anaphase
45. Red blood cells - or RBCs. most numerous of the three types of formed elements present inour blood. Sacs of hemoglobin molecules that transport the bulk of oxygen carried in the blood - as well as a small percentage of the carbon dioxide. 4-6 million
diastole
erythrocytes
parathyroid glands
ctive site
46. A type of protein filament that interacts with actin filaments to cause cell contraction.
reversible reaction
jejunum
lungs
myosin
47. 1) is the 3rd deepest layer of the epidermis 2) Consists of 3-5 layers (only one layer in thin skin) of flattened - dying cells that show signs of nuclear degeneration. 3) The cytoplasm of the cells contain numerous fine grains of Keratohylin Granule
trophoblast
diaphysis
stratum granulosum
alpha amino acid
48. Person with type AB blood who can recieve any blood because it has no antibodies
external nares
universal recipient
complementary pairing
epiglottis
49. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway
spirometer
desmosomes
feedback inhibition
plasma
50. The period during which an embryo develops (about 266 days in humans)
actual osmotic pressure
lock and key theory
gestation
homeotherm
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