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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organic compound whose carbon skeleton is composed of 2 or more 5- carbon isoprene structural units. It is formed by joining the tail of one isporene structural unit to the head of another. Includes Vitamin A.






2. A form of external male pseudohermaphroditism - characterized by the lack of androgen receptors in the external genitalia: these individuals have testes - but the body and the external genitalia are female. They typically have a rudimentary vagina -






3. Organ of the female reproductive system in which a fertilized egg can develop






4. Tissue consisting of long muscle cells that are capable of contracting when stimulated by nerve impulses. Three types skeletal - cardiac - and smooth.






5. Series of anaerobic chemical reactions in which pyruvic acid uses NADH to form lactic acid and NAD+ - which is then used in glycolysis; supplies energy when oxygen for aerobic respiration is scarce






6. The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron






7. The two upper chambers of the heart - the receiving areas that pool incoming blood.






8. Water passively moves out - esp - in hypertonic medulla. Deeper more hypertonic=more H2O absorbed by kidney.






9. Person with type AB blood who can recieve any blood because it has no antibodies






10. Joint that allows range of movement






11. A type of glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex. It converts amino acids to glucose - helps to breakdown fats to fatty acids. Decreases glucose uptake by the muscles and increases blood sugar in response to stress. Strong anti - inflammatory






12. The fourth of meiosis I. Telophase I is identical to mitotic telophase - except that the number of chromosoms is now reduced by half. After this phase the cell is considered to be haploid. Note however - that the chromosomes are still replicated - an






13. The opening of the archenteron in the gastrula that develops into the mouth in protostomes and the anus in deuterostomes






14. The junction between a nerve fiber and the muscle it supplies






15. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood






16. The smooth ER of a muscle cell - enlarged and specialized to act as a Ca2+ reservoir. The SR winds around each myofibril in the muscle cell.






17. Specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids






18. Also known as adenylyl cyclase - adenyl cyclase or AC) is a lyase enzyme. It is a part of the cAMP- dependent pathway catalyzes the conversion of ATP to 3' -5'- cyclic AMP (cAMP) and pyrophosphate






19. An organelle containing its own DNA and ribosomes within a eukaryotic cell






20. The male gonads - which produce sperm and secrete male sex hormones.






21. Connects the left and right atria - allowing blood to flow directly from the right to the left side of the heart






22. A mixed nerve that supplies the pharynx and larynx and lungs and heart and esophagus and stomach and most of the abdominal viscera






23. Relatively massive bundles of subunits composed of the protein myosin that can reach 15nm in diameter






24. Bone marrow of children and some adult bones that is required for the formation of red blood cells






25. The part of the large intestine that ascends from the cecum to the transverse colon






26. The movement of substances into or out of cells without the expenditure of energy or the involvement of transport proteins in the cell membrane. Also called simple diffusion.






27. Compounds made of a metal and nonmetal that are formed when acids and bases react






28. A protein that folds into a compact shape so that the polar and ionic amino acids are on the outside and the nonpolar amino acids are on the inside. They function as enzymes - hormones - membrane pumps and channels - membrane receptors andinter/intra






29. 2 phosphate together can be used for energy in place of ATP Ex.Archea






30. Contraction of diaphragm and the intercostal muscles - increasing thoracic volume - reducing pressure in the intrapleural space creating a vacuum that causes the lungs to suck in air - as well as draw in blood from the rest of the body (particularly






31. Corticotropin releasing factor; secreted by hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland and activated adrenal gland and then get the release of corisol as part of the 'stress response'






32. Lymphocytes that inhibit helper T cells and cytotoxic cells by negative feedback. They also prevent B lymphocytes from transforming into plasma cells. These cells provide the means by which the immune response can be shut down






33. The widening of the chambers of the heart between two contractions when the chambers fill with blood






34. Veins in the neck that return blood from the head






35. A protein present in muscle fibers that aids in contraction and makes up the majority of muscle fiber






36. An enzyme complex in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion and the thylakoid membrane of a chloroplast that catalyzes the formation of ATP.






37. A fluid - filled sphere formed about 5 days after fertilization of an ovum that is made up of an outer ring of cells and inner cell mass. THis is the structure that implants in the endometrium of the uterus.






38. In the testes - these cells lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce the hormone testosterone






39. Generalized edema with accumulation of serum in subcutaneous connective tissue






40. The female gonads - paired almond - sized organs located in the pelvic cavity - and produce two steroid hormone groups the estrogns and pregesterone. The endocrine and exocrine functions do not begin until the onset of puberty.






41. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins froms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons; also called ribosomal RNA.






42. An animal that maintains a controlled internal body temperature using its own heating and cooling mechanisms






43. Development of the nervous system






44. The organs that hormones act on to either increase or decrease the organ's activity level.






45. Pressure that has already developed in a solution due to osmosis.






46. Minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance






47. The part of the small intestine between the stomach and the jejunum






48. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.






49. Of or relating to organisms (as green plants) that can make complex organic nutritive compounds from simple inorganic sources by photosynthesis






50. The path molecules travel when an imbalance between separated molecule concentrations exists