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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 30 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The valves in the heart that separte the atria from teh ventricles. The tricuspid valve separates teh right atrium from the right ventricel - and the bicuspid (mitral) valves separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. These valves close at th






2. Assist the enzyme by building the enzyme on a site other than the active site to boost the activivty.






3. The most widespread connective tissue in the vertebrate body. It binds epithelia to underlying tissues and functions as packing material - holding organs in place.






4. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions






5. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.






6. Found in the cytosol and contains - microfilaments - microtubules - and intermediate fibers. Gives the cell its shape and and anchor organelles. Functions in intracellular transport.






7. Made from cholesterol. Composed of 4 carbon rings attached to distinctive side chains that determine the unique properties of the hormones. Hydrophobic and fat soluble.






8. Lacking affinity for water






9. Any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose






10. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals






11. The inner germ layer that develops into the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems






12. Induces contraction of the uterine muscles during childbirth and causes the mammary glands to eject milk during nursing






13. Development of the nervous system






14. An amino acid in a polypeptide that is not the N or C terminal AA. This refers to every amino acid in a polypeptide chain.






15. Membranous tissue covering internal organs and other internal surfaces of the body. Covers the surface of the body.






16. Hormone produced by the pancreas that is released when stimulated by elevated glucose levels. This hormone decreases blood sugar levels by accelerating the transport of glucose into the body cells where it is oxidized for energy or converted to glyco






17. A helical protein that winds around actin helices in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells to form the thin filament of the sarcomere. In the absence of Ca2+ - tropomyosin covers the myosin - binding sites on actin and prevents muscle contraction. When c






18. Given to control diabetes insipidus and promote reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules.






19. Lipoproteins formed in the cells lining the small intestine following absorption of fats. they are made in the small intestinal cells and transpost dietary lipids to the liver.






20. Duct through which urine is discharged in most mammals and which serves as the male genital duct






21. A thick - transpartent coating rich in glycoproteins that surrounds an oocyte.






22. Stimulate production of platelets






23. The immune reaction that occurs the first time a person is exposed to a particular antigen. protective antibodies appear about 3-6 days while naive B cells multiply and differentiate into plasma cells. causes the level in the blood plasma to rise. Ig






24. Clusters of endocrine cells that secrete two hormones directly into the circulatory system. Each islet has a population of alpha cells - which secrete the peptide hormone glucagons - and a population of beta cells - which secrete the hormone insulin.






25. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.






26. The maintenance of internal body temperature within a tolerable range






27. A hormone secreted by the small intestine (duodenum) in response to low pH (e.g. - from stomach acid). It promotes the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas to act as a buffer.






28. The adrenal cortex secretes small quantities of androgens (male sex hormones) like androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone in both men and women; because in men - most of the androgens are produced by the testes - the physiologic effect of the adr






29. The middle primary germ layer of an early embryo that develops into the notochord - the lining of the coelom - muscles - skeleton - gonads - kidneys - and most of the circulatory system






30. Nonenzymatic binding of glucose to other molecules such as proteins - fats - or nucleic acids.






31. A skeletal muscle whose contraction extends or stretches a body part






32. (biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs






33. Reproduction of some unicellular organisms (such as yeasts) by growth and specialization followed by the separation by constriction of a part of the parent






34. Used by hypothalamus to control the pituitary release of tropic hormones






35. Stores bile produced by the liver until it is needed in the duodenum






36. The part of an organism that connects the head to the rest of the body






37. Lymphocytes that inhibit helper T cells and cytotoxic cells by negative feedback. They also prevent B lymphocytes from transforming into plasma cells. These cells provide the means by which the immune response can be shut down






38. The fourth and final phase of meiosis II. Telophase II is identical to mitotic telophase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis. I.






39. Gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum - where it mixes with bile to digest food






40. A type of glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex. It converts amino acids to glucose - helps to breakdown fats to fatty acids. Decreases glucose uptake by the muscles and increases blood sugar in response to stress. Strong anti - inflammatory






41. Space between the two membranes - visceral pleura and parietal pleura - that cover the lungs.






42. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals.






43. Protein filaments inside a myofibril are organized into repeating functional units - (10 -000/myofibrils) smallest function unit of muscle fibers 1- thick filaments - myosin 2- thin fillament - actin 3- proteins that stablize 4- proteins that will re






44. Generalized edema with accumulation of serum in subcutaneous connective tissue






45. The hollow ball of cells marking the end stage of cleavage during early embryonic development






46. Long threads made of the protein elastin. provide a rubbery quality to the extracellular matrix that complements the nonelastic strength of collagenous fibers.






47. Excited electrons are passed from protein to protein in the thylakoid membrane






48. Self - digestion occurring in plant and animal tissues - particularly after they have ceased to function properly






49. Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen - rich blood to the heart muscle






50. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - an acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.