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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation
Terpene
immunoglobulins
reabsorption
ubiquinone
2. Lacking affinity for water
oxidative phosphorylation
enterogastrone
FADH
Hydrophobic
3. (genetics) the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm
antigen binding site
adrenal glands
osteoclasts
translation
4. An iron - containing protein that is a component of electron transport chains in the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells and the plasma membranes of prokaryotic cells
ascending limb
Hcg
purkinje fibers
cytochromes
5. Process by which gametes are produced in male animals
secondary active transport
spermatogenesis
ANS
follicular phase
6. Involves the formation of bone within mesenchyme arranged in sheet like layers that resemble membranes.
intramembranous ossification
H band
renin angiotensin system
substrate
7. A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution
decomposition reaction
monozygotic twins
hypertonic solution
induced fit model
8. The production - growth - and maturation of an egg - or ovum
fertilization membrane
compact bone
endoderm
oogenesis
9. SPerm discharges hydrolytic enzymes from acrosome - enzymes dissolve egg jelly coat - and acrosomal process adheres to binding receptors on egg surface.
regulator
fibrin
acrosomal process
fetal gas exchange
10. Nonenzymatic binding of glucose to other molecules such as proteins - fats - or nucleic acids.
Glycosylation
blastocyst
atrial natriuretic hormone
diaphysis
11. Thin innermost membranous sac enclosing the developing embryo of higher vertebrates (reptiles - birds and mammals)
amnion
papillary layer
tetanus
nuclear pore complex
12. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti
Prostaglandins
spindle apparatus
umbilical cord
lymphokines
13. A normal blood protein produced by the liver - angiotensin is converted to angiotensim I by renin (secreted by kidney when blood pressur falls). Angiotensin I si further onverted to angiotensim II by ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme). Angiotensin I
angiotensin
Unsaturated fatty acid
collagenous fibers
atrioventricular node
14. 1) is the 3rd deepest layer of the epidermis 2) Consists of 3-5 layers (only one layer in thin skin) of flattened - dying cells that show signs of nuclear degeneration. 3) The cytoplasm of the cells contain numerous fine grains of Keratohylin Granule
globular protein
Glucose
carbohydrate
stratum granulosum
15. The sum total of all processes in an organism Which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks.
amphipathic
Proteoglycan
cortical sex hormones
catabolism
16. Lighter - less strong bone that is found in the ends and inner portions of long bones; also called spongy bone
proteasomes
secretion
prophase
cancellous bone
17. The presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood
proenzyme
Mitotic phase
hypercapnia
activation energy
18. An enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by the addition of nucleotides to the existing chain.
Hcg
DNA polymerase
Terpene
tubulins
19. Molecule binds to an enzyme somewhere other than active site and inhibits. - change the shape of the active site - and may enhance enzyme function
allosteric inhibitor
allantois
polar body
Steroids
20. Minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance
larynx
NADP
electrolytes
antigen binding site
21. 1) is the 2nd and deepest layer of the dermis. 2) Compose of Dense Irregular CT. 3) Contains interlacing Collagen and Elastic Fibers. 4) Is packed with oil glands - sweat gland ducts - fat - and hair follicles. 5) It provides strength - extensibility
endoplasmic reticulum
reticular layer
alpha amino acid
small intestine
22. A line of defense triggered by penetration of the skin or mucous membranes - in which small blood vessels in the vicinity of an injury dilate and become leakier - enhancing the inflitration of leukocytes; may also be widespread in the body
proenzyme
telomeres
inflammatory response
adrenal cortex
23. The extraembyonic membrane of birds - reptiles and mammals that serves as an area of gaseous exchange and as a site for the storage of noxious excretion products
microfilaments
spermatogonia
allantois
Hcg
24. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway
FAD
feedback inhibition
ileum
leukocytes
25. End of humerous that is closer to the shoulder
enterokinase
bases
proximal end
target organs
26. ADP obtains a phosphate group attached to a metabolic intermediate by a high - energy bond. the high reactivity of the bond in the metabolic intermediate enables the phosphate group to be transferred to ADP. however - most phosphate - containing meta
z lines
chiasmata
immunoglobulins
substrate level phosphorylation
27. Shaft or middle region of long bone that contains layer of spongy bone
alimentary canal
axial skeleton
loose connective tissue
diaphysis
28. The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
synapse
homoeostasis
sarcoplasm
proton gradient
29. 2 phosphate together can be used for energy in place of ATP Ex.Archea
leukocytes
ATP synthetase
pyrophosphate
meiosis
30. Spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes. The chromosomes then line up across the center of the cell.
restriction point
secondary spermatocytes
external nares
metaphase I
31. Mucus - secreting membrane lining all body cavities or passages that communicate with the exterior
NADP
mucosa
cytokinesis
GnRH
32. A genetic disorder of metabolism - A human genetic defect that results in the failure to metabolize phenylalanine.
Glycogen
angiotensin I
PKU
osteons
33. New combination of genetic information in a gamete as a result of crossing over during prophase I of meiosis
cortisone
genetic recombination
centrioles
medulla oblongata
34. A chemical bond consisting of a hydrogen atom between two electronegative atoms (e.g. - oxygen or nitrogen) with one side be a covalent bond and the other being an ionic bond
osmotic pressure
steroid hormones
atria
hydrogen bond
35. The maintenance of internal body temperature within a tolerable range
parathyroid glands
second messenger
dinitrophenol
thermoregulation
36. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle has the property of flexing without nervous stimulation called...
myogenic activity
lacunae
glucocorticoids
LH
37. The transport of 2 different solutes thru a membrane in opposite direction by either facilitated diffusion or active transport
bacteriophage
countertransport
troponin
electron transfer
38. Process by which a liquid or gas passes through a filter to remove wastes
blastulation
filtration
sarcomeres
PNS
39. Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the bloodstream when the kidneys no longer function
dialysis
histamine
deamination
prolactin
40. Nostrils which open into the nasal cavity; where air enters the respiratory system.
external nares
prokaryotes
FAD
ejaculatory duct
41. The exterior protective or supporting structure or shell of many animals (especially invertebrates) including bony or horny parts such as nails or scales or hoofs
enzyme substrate complex
CNS
epinephrine
exoskeleton
42. The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus - the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands
immunoglobulin
immunoglobulins
ANS
pituitary gland
43. Polypeptide chains that contribute to the structure of an antibody. Two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains - joined by disulfide bridges - form a Y- shaped antibody molecule.
neural tube
light chains
immunoglobulins
ctive site
44. Stimulates cortex of the adrenal glands to make cortisol/ cortisone which is needed in stressful situations
allosteric inhibitor
ATP synthetase
ACTH
diabetes mellitus
45. An amphipathic molecule secreted by cells in the alveoli (type 2 alveolar cells) tha reducs surface tension on the inside of the alveolar walls. This prevents the alveoli from collapsing upon exhale and sticking together - thus reducing the effort re
somatotropin
collecting duct
efferent arteriole
surfactant
46. The cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck and containing the lungs and heart
gap junction
T lymphocyte
thoracic cavity
cecum
47. Any enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond. degrade the phosphodiester bond in the second messenger molecules cAMP and cGMP. They regulate the localization - duration - and amplitude of cyclic nucleotide signaling within subcellular domains.
seminiferous tubules
myosin
semilunar valve
phophodiesterase
48. The model of the enzyme that shows the substrate binding to the active site and the active site altering slightly is the
peroxisomes
fibrinogen
oral cavity
induced fit model
49. Part of the electron transport chain. A process occurring in the mitochondria that results in the formation of ATP from the flow of electrons across the inner membrane to bind with oxygen.
ascending limb
aldosterone
chorionic villi
oxidative phosphorylation
50. The maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inspiration. It is equal to the inspiratory reserve volume plus the tidal volume plus the expiratory reserve volume.
Meiosis II
synaptic bouton
vital capacity
zona pellucida