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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Binds more oxygen in red blood cells than adult hemoglobin - to aide in transferring oxygen across placenta.






2. Clusters of cells surrounding a single egg. Its function is to help an egg mature for release into the reproductive tract - where it can be fertilized






3. Synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Adenylyl cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylyl cyclase stimulatory G (Gs)- protein - coupled receptors and






4. First step in releasing the energy of glucose - in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid






5. Comes in at a site other than active site but alters shape of enzyme so it can no longer bind reactants






6. Second layer of skin - holding blood vessels - nerve endings - sweat glands - and hair follicles






7. Thyroid hormone that tends to lower the level of calcium in the blood plasma and inhibit resorption of bone






8. A chemical bond consisting of a hydrogen atom between two electronegative atoms (e.g. - oxygen or nitrogen) with one side be a covalent bond and the other being an ionic bond






9. The brain's sensory switchboard - located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla






10. The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out






11. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations






12. The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.






13. A neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord






14. The elastic tension of living muscles - arteries - etc. that facilitate response to stimuli






15. Tiny passageways interconnecting the lacunae/osteocytes with the blood vessels - nerves - etc. in the Haversain Canal of an Haversian System






16. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the peptide GLUCAGON - which increases glucose levels in the blood






17. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; recognize the splice sites in the pre - mRNA; located in the nucleus and are composed of proteins and RNA






18. The passage between the pharynx and the stomach






19. Development of the nervous system






20. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti






21. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse






22. Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen - rich blood to the heart muscle






23. Used to assess the rates at which enzymatic reactions occur /Will focus primarily on initial reaction rates measured over time /Influenced by a variety of factors : Concentrations of substrates - products and inhibitors






24. The path molecules travel when an imbalance between separated molecule concentrations exists






25. Found within the lymph nodes - they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria - cancer cells - and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream.






26. The process in which a different substrate goes into the active site of an enzyme - thus shutting down the enzyme and not allowing it to function






27. Molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region such as a phosopholipid






28. An antibody that is involved in hypersensitivity and allergies. For some reason the body makes this antibody instead of IgG/A






29. The innermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; lines the archenteron and gives rise to the liver - pancreas - lungs - and the lining of the digestive tract






30. Tissue consisting of long muscle cells that are capable of contracting when stimulated by nerve impulses. Three types skeletal - cardiac - and smooth.






31. Secreted from the atrial wall of the heart -- stimulates kidney tubles to secrete more sodium






32. A cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte - stimulating hormone






33. Forms the main trunk of the body and is composed of the skull - spinal column - ribs - and breastbone






34. Luteinizing hormone - ovulation and egg release - maturation of egg - release of testosterone in males.






35. Monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5- carbon sugar - a phosphate group - and a nitrogenous base. Are written in the 5' to 3' direction.






36. A regulatory protein that is a component of the thin filament. When calcium ions (Ca2+) bind to troponin - it undergoes a change in shape; this conformational change moves tropomyosin away from myosin - binding sites on actin molecules - and muscle c






37. Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix






38. A muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton






39. Microtubules and fibers that radiate out from the centrioles






40. Encloses the cell and is composed of a phospholipid bilayer.






41. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin - a hormone secreted by the trophoblast cells of a blasocyst (i.e. developing embryo) that prolongs the life of the corpus luteum - and thus increases the duration and amount of secreted progesterone. This helps to mainta






42. Muscles having similar and mutualistic functions.






43. During this time - calcium ions bind to troponin - myosin - binding sites on actin are exposed - and crossbridges form






44. The stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle






45. Red blood cells - or RBCs. most numerous of the three types of formed elements present inour blood. Sacs of hemoglobin molecules that transport the bulk of oxygen carried in the blood - as well as a small percentage of the carbon dioxide. 4-6 million






46. A type of protein filament that interacts with actin filaments to cause cell contraction.






47. 1) is the 3rd deepest layer of the epidermis 2) Consists of 3-5 layers (only one layer in thin skin) of flattened - dying cells that show signs of nuclear degeneration. 3) The cytoplasm of the cells contain numerous fine grains of Keratohylin Granule






48. Person with type AB blood who can recieve any blood because it has no antibodies






49. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway






50. The period during which an embryo develops (about 266 days in humans)







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