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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of lymphocyte responisble for cell - mediated immunity that differentiates under the influence of the thymus






2. Enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by thyroid dysfunction - tumor - lack of iodine in the diet - or inflammation (goiter = throat)






3. Bone forming cells






4. Organ of the female reproductive system in which a fertilized egg can develop






5. Comes in at a site other than active site but alters shape of enzyme so it can no longer bind reactants






6. The junction between a nerve fiber and the muscle it supplies






7. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.






8. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood






9. Iron - containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for delivery to cells






10. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of an oogoium; primary oocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosi






11. A stable complex of hemoglobin and carbon monoxide that prevents normal oxygen uptake in the blood.






12. On a hydra - they secrete mucus onto the body surface - particularly around the mouth and basal disc






13. Person with type AB blood who can recieve any blood because it has no antibodies






14. Wavelike contraction of the walls of the intestines - which propels contents onward






15. The female gonads - paired almond - sized organs located in the pelvic cavity - and produce two steroid hormone groups the estrogns and pregesterone. The endocrine and exocrine functions do not begin until the onset of puberty.






16. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient






17. A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body. Composed of specialized tissues called neurons.






18. A strong acid present in the stomach that aids in digestion






19. The organs that hormones act on to either increase or decrease the organ's activity level.






20. Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes - that have the same structured - and that pair during meisosis






21. The exterior protective or supporting structure or shell of many animals (especially invertebrates) including bony or horny parts such as nails or scales or hoofs






22. Valve between a ventricle of the heart and the vessel that carries blood away from the ventricle; also pertains to the valves in veins






23. Converted in the lung capillaries from angiotensin I; stimulates production of alderostone in the adrenal cortex






24. Veins in the neck that return blood from the head






25. The passage between the pharynx and the stomach






26. Enzymatically converts glucose through several steps (9)into pyruvic acid and provides a small amount of ATP






27. Formed from two secondary spermatocytes that undergo meiosis II to produce 4 of them






28. Storage lipids. Function is to store energy and can be fat in bodies of animals. Consists of glycerol molecule to 3 fatty acids attached to a three carbon backbone. May also function to provide thermal insulation and padding to an organism.






29. Any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes - thus producing an immune response






30. Antibodies such as IgA - IgE - IgC - IgM - and IgD that are secreted by plasma cells in humoral immunity.






31. Synaptic gap or synaptic space; tiny gap between the terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron (almost never touch); location of the transfer of an impulse from one neuron to the next






32. The muscle tissue of the heart - involuntary - found only in the heart - cells can contract without being stimulated by an electrical impulse






33. Organ in placental mammals through which nutrients - oxygen - carbon dioxide - and wastes are exchanged between embryo and mother






34. A hormone secreted by the small intestine (duodenum) in response to low pH (e.g. - from stomach acid). It promotes the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas to act as a buffer.






35. Finger - like projections that increase the surface area and increase absorption






36. (Fast twitch fibers) Contain less myoglobin and fewer mitochondria and have a greater contraction rate - but fatigue more easily. - no myoglobin - fast twitch fibers - fatigue easily - lots of glycogen






37. An agranulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis to fight infection






38. A fluid - filled sphere formed about 5 days after fertilization of an ovum that is made up of an outer ring of cells and inner cell mass. THis is the structure that implants in the endometrium of the uterus.






39. An artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal glands and ureters






40. A complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds - fruits - tubers - roots and stem pith of plants - notably in corn - potatoes - wheat - and rice. Forms include amylose and amylopectin






41. A form of external male pseudohermaphroditism - characterized by the lack of androgen receptors in the external genitalia: these individuals have testes - but the body and the external genitalia are female. They typically have a rudimentary vagina -






42. Units in the microscopic structure of mammalian bone. layers of mineralized matrix are deposited around a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves that service the bone






43. The smallest blood vessels which connect the smallest arteries with the smallest veins. Nourishment and fluid noramlly trapped in thick walled arteries and veins can easily pass through the delicate walls of the capillaries






44. Strawlike tube between an ovary and the uterus through which an ovum passes after ovulation






45. Points in which two cells are fastened together into strong sheets. Intermediate filaments anchor these. Also called anchoring junctions.






46. First and longest phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus






47. In the umbilical cord - carries blood and nutrients from mom to baby.






48. Type of enzyme regulation that is stored in inactive forms in the body until it is needed. When needed - cleaves bonds to give active form of the enzyme. Called 'Proteolytic Activity' at that point.






49. Series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide






50. The outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates