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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.






2. Duct formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra






3. Small organic molecule that regulates the activity of an enzyme for: Neither the substrate or immediate product / Binds to one of the two forms of the enzyme / Binds at allosteric site (regulatory site) / Distinct from the active site: Stabilizes enz






4. Cylinder oriented parallel to long axis of bone; within each cylinder is tubes (concentric circles) of bone matrix (lamellae)






5. The maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inspiration. It is equal to the inspiratory reserve volume plus the tidal volume plus the expiratory reserve volume.






6. A physiological reaction to threat that in which the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the organisms for attacking (fight) or fleeing (flight) and enemy






7. Distinct cells that carry out each stage of immune response. Derived from a common pluripotential hematopoietic stem cell in the bone marrow.






8. Hormone that is released from the posterior pituitary in response to nerve impulses. This causes the distal and collecting tubules of the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urinary filtrate.






9. The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth.






10. The control of water balance in organisms living in hypertonic - hypotonic - or terrestrial environments.






11. Connective tissue with large amounts of either collagen fibers (making them strong) or elastic fibers - or both. Dense tissues are typically strong (e.g. bone - cartilage - tendons - etc.)






12. Identical twins formed when one zygote splits into two separate masses of cells - each of which develops into a separate embryo






13. The body system that consists of the heart - blood vessels - and blood - and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells






14. Used to create ATP. H+ in the thylakoid space can only diffuse down it gradient through an enzyme called ATPsynthase. ATPsynthase consists of two parts. One is a proton channel that allows the H+ to diffuse into the stroma. The other part couples thi






15. The regular fluctuation - within a 24- hour period - from high to low points of certain bodily functions and behavior; sleep wakefulness cycle and body temperature






16. Two spongy organs - located in the thoracic cavity enclosed by the diaphragm and rib cage - responsible for respiration






17. A spiral shape constituting one form of the secondary structure of proteins - arising from a specific hydrogen - bonding structure.






18. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones - help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body. - That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is f






19. The outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus






20. Specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids






21. (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA






22. Mucus - secreting membrane lining all body cavities or passages that communicate with the exterior






23. A reaction in which the conversion of reactants into products and the conversion of products into reactants occur simultaneously






24. The passage between the pharynx and the stomach






25. A physiologically inactive form of angiotensin that is the precursor to angiotensin II. ACE will convert it from I to 2.






26. Abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes






27. Inactivity resulting from torpidity and lack of vigor or energy






28. Molecule binds to an enzyme somewhere other than active site and inhibits. - change the shape of the active site - and may enhance enzyme function






29. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood






30. A vein connecting the capillary bed of the intestines with the capillary bed of the liver. This allows amino acids and gluocse absorbed from the intestines to be delivered first to the liver for processing before being transported throughout the circ






31. Two or more polypeptide chains due to interactions of side chains involved in hydrophobic interactions - ionic bonds - hydrogen bonds - and disulfide bridges.can include non amino acid unit. Ex- Fe






32. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.






33. Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix






34. Large conglomerations of proteins - fats - and cholesterol that transport lipids in the bloodstream. Contains a lipid core surrounded by phospholipids and apoproteins. Are classified by their density.






35. Nostrils which open into the nasal cavity; where air enters the respiratory system.






36. Connects the embryo to the placenta; moves food and oxygen from the placenta to the embryo and removes the embryo's waste products






37. The valves in the heart that separte the atria from teh ventricles. The tricuspid valve separates teh right atrium from the right ventricel - and the bicuspid (mitral) valves separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. These valves close at th






38. This part of the pituitary does not produce hormones - but stores and releases oxytocin and ADH.






39. Specialized peroxisomes found in plant seeds that break down stored fats to provide energy for developing plant embroyo.






40. Measurement of amount of blood ejected from a ventricle in one contraction






41. Wavelike contraction of the walls of the intestines - which propels contents onward






42. Attack general invading pathogens. Three types are neutrophils - basophils and eosinophils.






43. The presence - or lack - of antigens on the surface of red blood cells that may cause a reaction between the blood of the mother and fetus - resulting in fetal anemia






44. The changing of the vitelline membrane into a hard fertilization envelope that further resists the entry of other sperm.






45. The sphincter muscle of the pylorus that separates the stomach from the duodenum






46. The stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle






47. The cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck and containing the lungs and heart






48. Stage of the cell cycle when a cell is actively dividing - the part of the cell cycle when mitosis divides the nucleus and distributes its chromosomes to the daughter nuclei and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm - producing two daughter cells.






49. The adaptive immune system is composed of highly specialized - systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogenic challenges.the adaptive or 'specific' immune system is activated by the 'non - specific' and evolutionarily older innate






50. A type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself