SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Generation of glucose from non - sugar carbon substrates like pyruvate - lactate - glycerol - and amino acids The vast majority takes place in the liver and - to a smaller extent - in the cortex of kidney. This process occurs during periods of fastin
pineal gland
latent period
fermentation
gluconeogenesis
2. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin - a hormone secreted by the trophoblast cells of a blasocyst (i.e. developing embryo) that prolongs the life of the corpus luteum - and thus increases the duration and amount of secreted progesterone. This helps to mainta
Hcg
zona pellucida
Primary structure
amphipathic
3. The period during which an embryo develops (about 266 days in humans)
gestation
stratum lucidum
spliceosome
epiphyseal plate
4. Small units that are linked together chemically to form large protein molecules
anaphase I
tendons
binary fission
amino acids
5. The outer portion of the kidney containing bownam's capsule - proximal - distal convoluted tubules - and associated blood vessels.
lymph capillaries
pituitary gland
renal cortex
light chains
6. The organs that hormones act on to either increase or decrease the organ's activity level.
immunoglobulins
synaptic bouton
target organs
lymph
7. Animals whose anus develops from the blastopore of the gastrula
deuterstomes
polar body
ATP synthetase
cartilage
8. Polar hormones incapable of permeating the cell membrane that bind to surface receptors and act through secondary messengers
peptide hormones
gall bladder
nuclear pore complex
G2 phase
9. SPerm discharges hydrolytic enzymes from acrosome - enzymes dissolve egg jelly coat - and acrosomal process adheres to binding receptors on egg surface.
IgG
trophoblast
somatic nervous system
acrosomal process
10. The immune reaction that occurs the first time a person is exposed to a particular antigen. protective antibodies appear about 3-6 days while naive B cells multiply and differentiate into plasma cells. causes the level in the blood plasma to rise. Ig
cancellous bone
indeterminate cleavage
simple diffusion
primary response
11. Wavelike contraction of the walls of the intestines - which propels contents onward
peristalsis
flagella
plasmid
glucocorticoids
12. A lymphocyte - like cell that develops from a B lymphocyte in reaction to a specific antigen - Lymphoid cell that secretes an antibody and originates from B lymphocytes
stratum lucidum
functional groups
plasma cell
white fibers
13. A period after firing when a neuron is returning to its normal polarize state and will only fire again if the incoming message open parentheses impulse) is stronger than usual; returning to arresting state
proximal end
larynx
relative refractory period
plasmids
14. Process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell
lymphatic system
oral cavity
meiosis
Unsaturated fatty acid
15. Bone forming cells
uterus
cretinism
osteoblasts
universal donor
16. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals
myosin
carbohydrate
bowmans capsule
dissociation curve
17. A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution
hypertonic solution
thymosin
internal intercostal muscles
diaphragm
18. An aggregation of several ribosomes attached to one messenger RNA molecule.
HCl
thrompoietin
polyribosome
chorion
19. Connects the left and right atria - allowing blood to flow directly from the right to the left side of the heart
foramen ovale
relative refractory period
Proteoglycan
descending limb
20. An enzyme liberated from blood platelets that converts prothrombin into thrombin as blood starts to clot
bone matrix
cortical reaction
thromboplastin
primary response
21. A chemical process in which a compound is broken down and changed into other compounds by taking up the elements of water. Breaks apart most macromolecules of living cells.
Hydrolysis
blood vessel
nephron
tetrad
22. An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose
catabolism
ed blood cells
cascade effect
sucrase
23. A skeleton on the inside of a creature's body - typically composed of bone or cartilage
norepinephrine
endoskeleton
proenzyme
exocytosis
24. The external pouch that contains the testes
memory cell
diabetes mellitus
lipases
scrotum
25. Exocrine gland - in men - at the base of the urinary bladder that secretes the fluid part of semen into the urethra during ejaculation
blood vessel
salts
Haploid cell
prostate gland
26. Each enzyme catalyzes only one kind of reaction
somatic nervous system
enzyme specificity
follicular phase
NADP
27. From the umbilical vein - where most of the fetal blood flows through the liver
ductus venosus
humoral immunity
vital capacity
cristae
28. The primary component of microtubules that radiate throughout the cell and provide it with support.
melanocyte
parasympathetic nervous system
tubulins
tidal volume
29. The loop of the nephron that dips downward into the renal medulla. The loop of Henle sets up a concentration gradient in the kidney such that from the cortex to the renal pelvis osmolarity increases. The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permea
prophase II
cell adhesion proteins
loop of henle
small intestine
30. A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood
diaphragm
osteons
mRNA
hemophilia
31. A mixed nerve that supplies the pharynx and larynx and lungs and heart and esophagus and stomach and most of the abdominal viscera
vaginal canal
vagus nerve
heart
immune response
32. A blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta
ductus arteriosus
dense connective tissue
lymph
endocrine glands
33. White blood cell that are responsible for combating infection by parasites in vertebrates
exocytosis
fibrin
immunoglobulin
eosinophils
34. Serves the circulatory needs of the anterior pituitary. The release of anterior pituitary hormones is controlled by neurosecretions produced by neurons of the ventral hypothalamus.
hypophyseal portal system
bohr effect
hromosome replication
chyme
35. Pleura that lines the inner chest walls and covers the diaphragm
parietal pleura
Active immunity
budding
receptor mediated endocytosis
36. A vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus.
lactic acid fermentation
umbilical vein
pepsinogen
zymogen
37. The center in the medulla oblongata and pons that integrates sensory information about the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and determines the signals to be sent to the respiratory muscles
crossing over
melanocyte
citric acid cycle
respiratory center
38. The cytoplasm of a striated muscle fiber
troponin
cotransport
stratum corneum
sarcoplasm
39. The part of the small intestine between the jejunum and the cecum - End portion of the small intestine
stratum granulosum
ileum
archenteron
atoms
40. Process of transforming cartilage into bone.
endochondral ossification
gap junction
chemical digestion
centrisomes
41. In this time during cleavage the morula (solid ball of embryonic cells) becomes the blastula (blastocyst in mammals). Implants in the uterine wall during this time.
cristae
crossing over
thoracic cavity
blastulation
42. An enzyme that phosphorylates something else. Kinases are frequently used in regulatory pathways - phosphorylating other enzymes.
anaphase
kinase
BNP
memory cell
43. 'salt - retaining hormone' which promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention - which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure
electrolytes
heavy chains
fetal gas exchange
aldosterone
44. Produce about 60% of seminal fluid - these are located at the posterior wall of the urinary bladder close to the terminus of the ductus deferens. They produce a substance that nourishes the sperm passing through the tract or that promote the fertiliz
aorta
creatine phosphate
seminal vesicles
hepatic portal vein
45. The stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle
chymotrypsin
anaphase I
metaphase
islets of langerhans
46. Micorsopic - fiber - like structures that occupy most cytoplasm in skeletal muscle cells
Prostaglandins
myofibrils
diabetes mellitus
lactic acid fermentation
47. The process of cytokinesis in animal cells - characterized by pinching of the plasma membrane; specifically - the succession of rapid cell divisions without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cells.
Facilitated diffusion
Terpene
follicles
cleavage
48. Km - is the ratio of the breakdown of an enzyme - substrate complex to its formation in simple Michaelis - Menton reactions. Km is also half Vmax - and a low Km indicates a strong affinity between an enzyme and its substrate.
specific defense mechanism
Michaelis constant
Nucleic acids
amino acids
49. The reduced form of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). This is the most common electron carrier in cellular respiration.
Nucleotide
NADH
cotransport
epiphyses
50. Clusters of cells surrounding a single egg. Its function is to help an egg mature for release into the reproductive tract - where it can be fertilized
bohr effect
chyme
follicles
cytochromes