Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Form of active transport which does not use ATP as an energy source; rather - transport is coupled to ion diffusion down a concentration gradient established by primary active transport.






2. Precursor of the digestive enzyme chymotrypsin. comes from the acinar cells in the pancreas and is activated by autocatalysis or by trypsin (the active form of trypsinogen)






3. An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose






4. Polar hormones incapable of permeating the cell membrane that bind to surface receptors and act through secondary messengers






5. Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes - that have the same structured - and that pair during meisosis






6. Water passively moves out - esp - in hypertonic medulla. Deeper more hypertonic=more H2O absorbed by kidney.






7. The valves in the heart that separte the atria from teh ventricles. The tricuspid valve separates teh right atrium from the right ventricel - and the bicuspid (mitral) valves separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. These valves close at th






8. The clear fluid that bathes each cell and transfers needed substances and wastes back and forth between the blood and the cells






9. Part of the Loop of Henle that removes Sodium from the blood. - Reabsorption of ions; creates the concentration gradient in the medulla - enabling the kidney to produce concentrated urine






10. The small artery that carries blood away from the capillaries of the glomerulus.






11. Pleura that lines the inner chest walls and covers the diaphragm






12. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle has the property of flexing without nervous stimulation called...






13. The volume of air inhaled and exhaled in a normal - resting breath - typically about 500 mL.






14. ADP obtains a phosphate group attached to a metabolic intermediate by a high - energy bond. the high reactivity of the bond in the metabolic intermediate enables the phosphate group to be transferred to ADP. however - most phosphate - containing meta






15. A chemical process in which a compound is broken down and changed into other compounds by taking up the elements of water. Breaks apart most macromolecules of living cells.






16. Organic process consisting of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell following karyokinesis bringing about the separation into two daughter cells






17. Strong connective tissue that supports the body and is softer and more flexible than bone






18. Enzymatically converts glucose through several steps (9)into pyruvic acid and provides a small amount of ATP






19. Parasite that cannot multiply unless it invades a specific host cell and instructs its genetic and metabolic machinery to make an release quantities of new viruses






20. Disease characterized by enlarged features - especially the face and hands - caused by hypersecretion of the pituitary hormone after puberty - when normal bone growth has stopped; most often caused by a pituitary tumor






21. Two or more polypeptide chains due to interactions of side chains involved in hydrophobic interactions - ionic bonds - hydrogen bonds - and disulfide bridges.can include non amino acid unit. Ex- Fe






22. Process in which food is broken down outside the cells in a digestive tract






23. The stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle






24. An enzyme from the pancreas that digests proteins in the small intestine






25. Consists of layer of compact bone encloses in spongy bone at the ends of the long bones






26. Repeated DNA sequences at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.






27. Stimulate production of platelets






28. Stage of interphase in which cell duplicates its cytosol and organelles - the third and shortest phase of interphase - the second gap phase where many of the organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced






29. Fraternal twins produced from separate fertilized eggs. Like all siblings - DZ twins share an average of 50 percent of their genes.






30. On a hydra - they secrete mucus onto the body surface - particularly around the mouth and basal disc






31. Used by hypothalamus to control the pituitary release of tropic hormones






32. A flexible rodlike structure that forms the supporting axis of the body in the lowest chordates and lowest vertebrates and in embryos of higher vertebrates






33. A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecules






34. The second phase of meiosis consisting of chromatids separating - along with the two diploid cells splitting in two






35. Process by which gametes are produced in male animals






36. Either of a pair of thick - walled tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder






37. Any of various water - soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt






38. The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low - we feel hunger. Accounts for 80% of carbs absorbed by humans.






39. The center in the medulla oblongata and pons that integrates sensory information about the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and determines the signals to be sent to the respiratory muscles






40. The brain's sensory switchboard - located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla






41. Fine - collagenous fibers whose networks surround and support the soft tissue of organs - and stabilize the positions of functional cells






42. Substance in which sperm are suspended that is produced by three glands in the abdominal cavity






43. Rapid antibody production that occurs following re - exposure to the antigen. IgG is the predominant antibody produced during this.






44. Thyrotropin - stimulates thyroid gland. Release of TSH triggered by TRH (thyrotropin - releasing hormone) -






45. In the testes - these cells lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce the hormone testosterone






46. T cells that can kill other cells. Almost all cytotoxic T cells are CD8 T cells. Cytotoxic T cells are important in host defense against viruses and other cytosolic pathogens - because they recognize and kill the infected cells.






47. A regulatory protein that is a component of the thin filament. When calcium ions (Ca2+) bind to troponin - it undergoes a change in shape; this conformational change moves tropomyosin away from myosin - binding sites on actin molecules - and muscle c






48. The smallest branches that the bronchi divide into. Considering the amount of cartilaginous reinforcements in the walls decreases as the size decreases - these have an increasing amount of smooth muscle the smaller they become






49. The control of water balance in organisms living in hypertonic - hypotonic - or terrestrial environments.






50. An organic molecule that is a necessary participant in some enzymatic reactions; helps catalysis by donating or accepting electrons or functional groups; e.g. - a vitamin - ATP - NAD+.