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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. ADP obtains a phosphate group attached to a metabolic intermediate by a high - energy bond. the high reactivity of the bond in the metabolic intermediate enables the phosphate group to be transferred to ADP. however - most phosphate - containing meta






2. A type of protein filament that interacts with actin filaments to cause cell contraction.






3. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti






4. A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells






5. Adaptive immune response directed at antigenic components of the persons own body






6. When the chromosomes replicate






7. The number of times the heart beats in one minute. It changes in response to activity - stress - illness - etc.






8. The second phase of meiosis consisting of chromatids separating - along with the two diploid cells splitting in two






9. 1) stimulates osteoclast activity - 2) stimulates osteoblast activity to a lesser degree. 3) reduces calcium loss in the urine 4) promotes calcium absorption in the intestine (by stimulating calcitiol production) - 5) decrease PTH could result in mus






10. The organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation






11. Finger - like projections that increase the surface area and increase absorption






12. The process by which wastes are removed from the body






13. Mature cells - develop from osteoblasts - control day- to - day activities (each occupies a lacuna - a pocket sandwiched between layers of matrix






14. (genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number






15. Diploid cells resultinf rom the activation of a spermatogoium; primary spermatocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosis.






16. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti






17. A protein that folds into a compact shape so that the polar and ionic amino acids are on the outside and the nonpolar amino acids are on the inside. They function as enzymes - hormones - membrane pumps and channels - membrane receptors andinter/intra






18. Body cell; no egg or sperm






19. An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose






20. Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics






21. The region between the inner membrane and the outer membrane of a mitochondrion or a chloroplast. The main function of the intermembrane space is nucleotide phosphorylation.






22. Promote the action of the killer T cells and play key roles in humoral immunity and nonspecific defense. All other T cells are involved in cellular immunity only






23. The maximum pressure that could develop in a solution when it is separated from pure water by a selectively permeable membrane






24. A virus that is parasitic in bacteria. injects its nucleic acid into a bacterial cell.






25. Produced by the thymus gland during childhood - this hormone stimulates T- lymphocyte development and differentiation.






26. A digestive enzyme of the saliva that turns starch into maltose (salivary amylase)






27. Large conglomerations of proteins - fats - and cholesterol that transport lipids in the bloodstream. Contains a lipid core surrounded by phospholipids and apoproteins. Are classified by their density.






28. The exterior protective or supporting structure or shell of many animals (especially invertebrates) including bony or horny parts such as nails or scales or hoofs






29. Neurohormone secreted by the heart in response to ventricular expansion. Elevated greater than 100 pg/mL indicates some heart failure






30. Distinct cells that carry out each stage of immune response. Derived from a common pluripotential hematopoietic stem cell in the bone marrow.






31. The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum






32. Where myosin heads can attach. 2 proteins usualy cover the locations of attachments for the myosin heads: troponin and tropomyosin.






33. Holds fluid which lubricates joints and decreases friction between joints.






34. Process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell.






35. The regular fluctuation - within a 24- hour period - from high to low points of certain bodily functions and behavior; sleep wakefulness cycle and body temperature






36. Sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein






37. The compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the Krebs cycle.






38. Person with type AB blood who can recieve any blood because it has no antibodies






39. The activated form of the blood - clotting protein fibrinogen - which aggregates into threads that form the fabric of the clot.






40. Organelles that serve as specialized containers for metabolic reactions.






41. Condition of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid levels in the blood that result in sluggishness - slow pulse - and often obesity






42. Semifluid medium containing organelles.






43. It is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are Fibroblasts - Adipose Cells - and Macrophages






44. Synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Adenylyl cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylyl cyclase stimulatory G (Gs)- protein - coupled receptors and






45. A cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte - stimulating hormone






46. A thin layer of cells that line the interior surface of the blood vessels - forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. Simple squamous epithelium.






47. The amino and carboxyl groups are attached to the same carbon also known as the alpha carbon. Called this because the amine is attached to the carbon in the alpha position.






48. Include bacteria and cyanobacteria - are unicellular organisms with simple cell structure. Have an outermembrane but do not contain membrane bound organelles. There is no true nucleus and the genetic material consists of a single circular molecule of






49. End of humerous that is closer to the shoulder






50. Shaft or middle region of long bone that contains layer of spongy bone