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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that can suppress secretion of hormones by the anterior pituitary






2. Smooth muscle vesicle - like structure that serve a purpose like T- tubules






3. The organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation






4. Enlarged vein from junctions of all cardiac veins which empty into the right atrium






5. Lacking affinity for water






6. An iron - containing protein that is a component of electron transport chains in the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells and the plasma membranes of prokaryotic cells






7. The third phase of meiosis I. During anaphase I the rplicated homologous chromosomes are separated (the tetrad is split) and pulled to opposite sides of the cell.






8. Points in which two cells are fastened together into strong sheets. Intermediate filaments anchor these. Also called anchoring junctions.






9. An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose






10. Source: Adrenal cortex - Target Tissues: Kidneys - Function: Raise blood volume - bp - and salts in blood - Stimulus to release: low bp - blood volume - or low salt concentration - Regulated: Negative feedback - ANF hypothalamus hierarchy






11. In immune network theory - an idiotope - an antigenic site of an antibody that is responsible for that antibody binding to an antigenic determinant (epitope).






12. Gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts






13. A strong acid present in the stomach that aids in digestion






14. Any enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond. degrade the phosphodiester bond in the second messenger molecules cAMP and cGMP. They regulate the localization - duration - and amplitude of cyclic nucleotide signaling within subcellular domains.






15. A solid ball of cells that makes up an embryo; in humans - this stage occurs within four days of fertilization.






16. Red blood cells - or RBCs. most numerous of the three types of formed elements present inour blood. Sacs of hemoglobin molecules that transport the bulk of oxygen carried in the blood - as well as a small percentage of the carbon dioxide. 4-6 million






17. A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.






18. Infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.






19. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule






20. The outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus






21. Enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by thyroid dysfunction - tumor - lack of iodine in the diet - or inflammation (goiter = throat)






22. The innermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; lines the archenteron and gives rise to the liver - pancreas - lungs - and the lining of the digestive tract






23. The digestive secretion of the pancreas containing sodium bicarbonate - amylase - proteases - and lipases






24. Found in pancreatic juice pancreatic amylase; secreted by pancreatic acinar cells; process proteins: terminal amino acids at carboxyl end of peptides






25. Process by which a liquid or gas passes through a filter to remove wastes






26. Are molecules that relay signals from receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell - in the cytoplasm or nucleus. They relay the signals of hormones like epinephrine (adrenalin) - growth factors - and others - and cause some kind






27. The class of immunoglobulin having






28. Type of nucleic acid located in some viruses and in human tRNA and rRNA as localized hairpin loops and stem loops double strand RNA






29. On a hydra - they secrete mucus onto the body surface - particularly around the mouth and basal disc






30. Any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose






31. Exocrine gland - in men - at the base of the urinary bladder that secretes the fluid part of semen into the urethra during ejaculation






32. Direct the antigen - antibody response by signaling between the cells of the immune system






33. Building blocks of lipids. - chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms. Typically there is an even number of carbons with the maximum in humans being 24. Can be saturated or unsaturated.






34. The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction reduced by enzymes.






35. The pyruvate formed during glycolysis is transported from teh cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix where it is decarboxylated (i.e. - it loses a CO2) - and the acetyl group that remains is transferred to coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA; in the proce






36. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; recognize the splice sites in the pre - mRNA; located in the nucleus and are composed of proteins and RNA






37. Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis






38. Of or relating to organisms (as green plants) that can make complex organic nutritive compounds from simple inorganic sources by photosynthesis






39. Maximum enzyme functioning velocity Decreases w/non competitive inhibitors






40. 30 different nucleoporins bind together and form the a passage out of the nucleus. Nuclear fibers increase selectivity.






41. In the testes - these cells lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce the hormone testosterone






42. Shaft or middle region of long bone that contains layer of spongy bone






43. Formed from two secondary spermatocytes that undergo meiosis II to produce 4 of them






44. Mesodermal tissue that forms connective tissue and blood and smooth muscles






45. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the peptide GLUCAGON - which increases glucose levels in the blood






46. Small organelles filled with enzymes; one function is to break down lipids - carbohydrates - and proteins from food particles; may also break down old cell parts. enzymes are maximally effective at a pH of 5 and they fuse with endocytic vacuoles to b






47. The process in which a different substrate goes into the active site of an enzyme - thus shutting down the enzyme and not allowing it to function






48. Either of a pair of thick - walled tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder






49. A digestive enzyme of the saliva that turns starch into maltose (salivary amylase)






50. An immunity resulting from antibodies that are conveyed naturally through the placenta to a fetus or artificially by injection of a serum containing antibodies






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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