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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The part of the small intestine between the jejunum and the cecum - End portion of the small intestine






2. Strand of Actin. Each actin has an active site that can interact with Myosin. Active sites are covered by tropomyosin strands - which are held in place by Troponin.






3. Units in the microscopic structure of mammalian bone. layers of mineralized matrix are deposited around a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves that service the bone






4. A line of defense triggered by penetration of the skin or mucous membranes - in which small blood vessels in the vicinity of an injury dilate and become leakier - enhancing the inflitration of leukocytes; may also be widespread in the body






5. Red blood cells - or RBCs. most numerous of the three types of formed elements present inour blood. Sacs of hemoglobin molecules that transport the bulk of oxygen carried in the blood - as well as a small percentage of the carbon dioxide. 4-6 million






6. Anaerobic ATP- forming pathway. Pyruvate from glycolysis is degraded to acetaldehyde - which accepts electrons from NADH to form ethanol; NAD+ needed for the reactions is regenerated. Net yield: 2 ATP.






7. The primary component of microtubules that radiate throughout the cell and provide it with support.






8. Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration.






9. Abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes






10. Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics






11. Wavelike contraction of the walls of the intestines - which propels contents onward






12. Is a swelling of the axial terminal - The presynaptic swelling of the axon terminal From which neural messages travel across synaptic cleft to other neurons






13. Connects the left and right atria - allowing blood to flow directly from the right to the left side of the heart






14. Connective tissue cells that produce fibrous components of extracellular matrix like collagen and elastin






15. Tiny passageways interconnecting the lacunae/osteocytes with the blood vessels - nerves - etc. in the Haversain Canal of an Haversian System






16. Any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions.






17. The period of the cell cycle during which the nucleus is not undergoing division - typically occurring between mitotic or meiotic divisions






18. Carries blood from the internal Jugular to the right side of the heart






19. An amphipathic molecule secreted by cells in the alveoli (type 2 alveolar cells) tha reducs surface tension on the inside of the alveolar walls. This prevents the alveoli from collapsing upon exhale and sticking together - thus reducing the effort re






20. Lipid substances with linked sugar groups that are key structural elements in cell membranes and precursors of other biologically active molecules important in cell signaling.. Are also amphipathic and are found in myelinated cells composing the huma






21. The presence - or lack - of antigens on the surface of red blood cells that may cause a reaction between the blood of the mother and fetus - resulting in fetal anemia






22. 2 phosphate together can be used for energy in place of ATP Ex.Archea






23. The hollow muscular organ located behind the sternum and between the lungs






24. The maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inspiration. It is equal to the inspiratory reserve volume plus the tidal volume plus the expiratory reserve volume.






25. A reaction in which the conversion of reactants into products and the conversion of products into reactants occur simultaneously






26. Converted in the lung capillaries from angiotensin I; stimulates production of alderostone in the adrenal cortex






27. The endoderm - lined cavity - formed during gastrulation - that develops into the digestive tract of an animal.






28. The region between the inner membrane and the outer membrane of a mitochondrion or a chloroplast. The main function of the intermembrane space is nucleotide phosphorylation.






29. A long - muscular tube that begins at teh mouth and includes the mouth - pharynx - esophagus - stomcah - small intestine - large intestine - and anus






30. When comparing two solutions - the solution with the greater concentration of solutes






31. The mucous membrane that lines the inner wall of the uterus






32. A digestive hormone secreted by the stomach lining; stimulates the secretion of fluid by gastric glands in the stomach






33. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway






34. Thin innermost membranous sac enclosing the developing embryo of higher vertebrates (reptiles - birds and mammals)






35. The stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle






36. The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron






37. A small cell containing little cytoplasm that is produced along with the oocyte and later discarded






38. Membranous tube with cartilaginous rings that conveys inhaled air from the larynx to the bronchi






39. The widening of the chambers of the heart between two contractions when the chambers fill with blood






40. Organisms that are unable to construct their own food from inorganic sources - and therefore must consume other organisms or organic molecules from the outside environment. Function as consumers or decomposers in food chains.






41. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.






42. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells. Involved in cell movement and support.






43. Is a second messenger important in many biological processes. is derived from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms - conveying the cAMP- dependent pathway.






44. A type of lymphocyte responisble for cell - mediated immunity that differentiates under the influence of the thymus






45. The maintenance of internal body temperature within a tolerable range






46. Bean - shaped filters that cluster along the lymphatic vessels of the body. They function as a cleanser of lymph as wells as a site of T and B cell activation






47. A vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus.






48. Blind U- shaped pouch that is the first portion of the large intestine






49. A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP - the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid - which makes a






50. Measurement of amount of blood ejected from a ventricle in one contraction