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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids






2. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. Involved of the transport of materials throughout the cell.






3. Membranous tube with cartilaginous rings that conveys inhaled air from the larynx to the bronchi






4. Shaft or middle region of long bone that contains layer of spongy bone






5. An organism that uses energy to control its internal environment






6. A form of asexual reproduction in single - celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size






7. Enlarged vein from junctions of all cardiac veins which empty into the right atrium






8. The body system that consists of the heart - blood vessels - and blood - and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells






9. Organic process consisting of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell following karyokinesis bringing about the separation into two daughter cells






10. Structure in the male reproductive system in which sperm are fully matured and are stored






11. Tiny passageways interconnecting the lacunae/osteocytes with the blood vessels - nerves - etc. in the Haversain Canal of an Haversian System






12. The organelle where ribosomes are made - synthesized and partially assembled - located in the nucleus






13. Brings blood from the fetus to the placenta.






14. One of the small intracellular globules composed of fats that are mixed cholesterol and coated with special proteins






15. Monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5- carbon sugar - a phosphate group - and a nitrogenous base






16. Tissue that connects bone to bone






17. The clear fluid that bathes each cell and transfers needed substances and wastes back and forth between the blood and the cells






18. Storage lipids. Function is to store energy and can be fat in bodies of animals. Consists of glycerol molecule to 3 fatty acids attached to a three carbon backbone. May also function to provide thermal insulation and padding to an organism.






19. The third phase of the ovarian cycle - during which a corpus luteum is formed from the remnants of the follicle that has ovulated its oocyte. The corpus luteum secretes progestrone and estrogen during this time period - which typically lasts from day






20. Two lobes joined by a central mass in the throat - inferior to the larynx - produces two major hormones.






21. A form of external male pseudohermaphroditism - characterized by the lack of androgen receptors in the external genitalia: these individuals have testes - but the body and the external genitalia are female. They typically have a rudimentary vagina -






22. A complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds - fruits - tubers - roots and stem pith of plants - notably in corn - potatoes - wheat - and rice. Forms include amylose and amylopectin






23. Pertaining to substances that don't contain carbon; a substance that is produced from the breakdown of PC and is the leading cause of fatigue in working muscles






24. A coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid






25. Is a negative feedback process which regulates the reaction rate. If it gets too much it begins to produce less if it becomes scarce or doesn't produce enough it begins to produce more






26. Binds more oxygen in red blood cells than adult hemoglobin - to aide in transferring oxygen across placenta.






27. Immunoglobulin. Less than 3%. Found only as a receptor on B cell membrane - Doesn't allow antigens to get into the body - Not secreted - stays attached to B cell






28. The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body - conserving its energy






29. Glands of the mucosa of the stomach that secrete HCl and hydrolytic enzymes (primarily pepsinogen - the inactive form of pepsin - a protein - digesting enzyme) - Which begins the enzymatic - or chemical breakdown of protein foods.






30. The layer of epidermis immediately under the stratum corneum in the skin of the palms and soles






31. It is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are Fibroblasts - Adipose Cells - and Macrophages






32. Connective tissue with large amounts of either collagen fibers (making them strong) or elastic fibers - or both. Dense tissues are typically strong (e.g. bone - cartilage - tendons - etc.)






33. Include bacteria and cyanobacteria - are unicellular organisms with simple cell structure. Have an outermembrane but do not contain membrane bound organelles. There is no true nucleus and the genetic material consists of a single circular molecule of






34. Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone released from hypothalamus via hypophyseal porthole stimulates somatotropins in anterior pituitary to release GH






35. Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation






36. Tissue consisting of long muscle cells that are capable of contracting when stimulated by nerve impulses. Three types skeletal - cardiac - and smooth.






37. Polypeptide chains that contribute to the structure of an antibody. Two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains - joined by disulfide bridges - form a Y- shaped antibody molecule.






38. The inactive form of pepsin that is first secreted by specialized (chief) cells located in gastric pits of the stomach.






39. Hormone that increases the reabsorption of water by nephrons - Hormone that is released from the posterior pituitary in response to nerve impulses. This causes the distal and collecting tabules of the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urinary f






40. Organelles that serve as specialized containers for metabolic reactions.






41. The part of the large intestine that ascends from the cecum to the transverse colon






42. Rare childhood disorder with deficiencies of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids - may occur as a resuld of trauma - infection or autoimmune response - develops gradually.

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43. When immunity relies on lymphoctyes - like helper and killer t cells - the first type of t cells activating the latter - which ruptures macrophage and kills the infected cell






44. A bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles causing them to contract






45. A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway






46. Water passively moves out - esp - in hypertonic medulla. Deeper more hypertonic=more H2O absorbed by kidney.






47. Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the bloodstream when the kidneys no longer function






48. Produces and secretes several peptide hormones that regulate many physiological processes including stress - growth - and reproduction






49. An energy storage molecule used by muscle tissue. The phosphate from creatine phosphate can be removed and attached to an ADP to generate ATP quickly.






50. The production - growth - and maturation of an egg - or ovum