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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The reduced form of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). This is the most common electron carrier in cellular respiration.
NADH
alveoli
chemical digestion
ATP synthetase
2. Inactivity resulting from torpidity and lack of vigor or energy
G2 phase
torpor
CCK
gastric glands
3. A protein present in muscle fibers that aids in contraction and makes up the majority of muscle fiber
capillaries
PGAL
prokaryotes
myosin
4. Assist the enzyme by building the enzyme on a site other than the active site to boost the activivty.
anterior pituitary
allosteric activators
thick filaments
thrombin
5. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord
protostomes
CNS
cortisone
prothrombin
6. After completing meiosis I - these are produced along with a polar body and are released into the fallopian tube.
Receptors
secondary oocytes
anaphase
FMN
7. Units in the microscopic structure of mammalian bone. layers of mineralized matrix are deposited around a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves that service the bone
parietal cells
proton gradient
haversian systems
collecting duct
8. Accounts for 2/3 of the weight of bone; formed when calcium phosphate interacts with calcium hydroxide
plasmid
hydroxyapatite crystals
Conjugated protein
angiotensin I
9. One of the small intracellular globules composed of fats that are mixed cholesterol and coated with special proteins
inner cell mass
excretion
renal medulla
chylomicrons
10. Muscles lying between the ribs that - together with the rib cage - form the sides and top of the thoracic cavity
external intercostal muscles
intermediate filaments
granular leukocytes
Binary fission
11. Lines the surface of the lung and follows the contours of the lung itself
cell mediated immunity
posterior pituitary
visceral pleura
lipoprotein
12. A spiral shape constituting one form of the secondary structure of proteins - arising from a specific hydrogen - bonding structure.
anterior pituitary
prophase II
alpha helix
hromosome replication
13. Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart
thin filaments
collagen
renal vein
linked genes
14. Formed from two secondary spermatocytes that undergo meiosis II to produce 4 of them
spermatids
prokaryotes
negative pressure breathing
lungs
15. Pertaining to substances that don't contain carbon; a substance that is produced from the breakdown of PC and is the leading cause of fatigue in working muscles
thrombin
inorganic phosphate
nerve terminal
uterus
16. Complex proteins or glycoproteins embedded in the membrane with sites that bind to specific molecules in the cells external environment.
IgG
Receptors
proton motive force
osmotic pressure
17. A mixed nerve that supplies the pharynx and larynx and lungs and heart and esophagus and stomach and most of the abdominal viscera
bacteriophage
ectoderm
vagus nerve
papillary layer
18. Excited electrons are passed from protein to protein in the thylakoid membrane
Nervous Tissue
cortical sex hormones
gap junction
ETS
19. Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix
lymphatic system
lamellae
oxidation
sinoatrial node
20. Molecule binds to an enzyme somewhere other than active site and inhibits. - change the shape of the active site - and may enhance enzyme function
efferent arteriole
allosteric inhibitor
hyperglycemia
histamine
21. The minimum length of time after an action potential during which another action potential cannot begin
G2 phase
purkinje fibers
glucocorticoids
absolute refractory period
22. The period of the cell cycle during which the nucleus is not undergoing division - typically occurring between mitotic or meiotic divisions
heart rate
Interphase
chief cells
peroxisomes
23. Blood cells containing hemoglobin that carry oxygen through the bloodstream
chaperonins
sarcoplasm
induction
ed blood cells
24. Movement from a high concentration area to a low concentration area - only works with oily substances - needs to cross oily cell membrane (nonpolar substances) - no energy is required. Movement down concentration gradient
antibody
prostaglandins
simple diffusion
fallopian tube
25. Include bacteria and cyanobacteria - are unicellular organisms with simple cell structure. Have an outermembrane but do not contain membrane bound organelles. There is no true nucleus and the genetic material consists of a single circular molecule of
Haploid cell
target organs
meiosis
prokaryotes
26. A regulatory protein that is a component of the thin filament. When calcium ions (Ca2+) bind to troponin - it undergoes a change in shape; this conformational change moves tropomyosin away from myosin - binding sites on actin molecules - and muscle c
coenzymes
myosin
external nares
troponin
27. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones - help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body. - That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is f
suppressor T cells
Dehydration synthesis
ADH
smooth ER
28. Mature spermatids that are fully functional and capable of fertilizing a human ovum
skeletal muscle
spermatozoa
latent period
somatotropin
29. A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon. the action potential is generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane
phagocytosis
action potential
Interphase
genetic recombination
30. The maximal volume of air that the lungs can contain. Total lung capacity is the sum of the vital capacity and the residual volume - and is typically about 6000 mL (6L).
total lung capacity
oogenesis
hypophyseal portal system
proton gradient
31. An organism that uses energy to control its internal environment
regulator
endoplasmic reticulum
atrial natriuretic hormone
amylopectin
32. The side by side pairing of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes at the start of meiosis
umbilical vessels
zymogen
synapsis
ileum
33. A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.
chorionic villi
fight or flight response
hypothalamus
Unsaturated fatty acid
34. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti
prostaglandins
Active immunity
endothelial cell
chondrin
35. The activated form of the blood - clotting protein fibrinogen - which aggregates into threads that form the fabric of the clot.
regulator
fibrin
homoeostasis
larynx
36. The part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands
spongy bone
diaphysis
ANS
ETS
37. When comparing two solutions - the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
somatostatin
Facilitated diffusion
hypertonic
ureter
38. The passage to the stomach and lungs
Vmax
pharynx
H band
osmoregulation
39. Voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords
hypercapnia
proton motive force
larynx
threshold value
40. A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood
hemophilia
peristalsis
gastrula
parietal pleura
41. A hemoprotein that receives oxygen from hemoglobin and stores it in the tissues until needed - A globular protein found in muscle tissue that has the ability to bind oxygen. Myoglobin helps to store oxygen in the muscle for use in aerobic respiration
collecting duct
metaphase
myoglobin
reticular fibers
42. One of the two glands in the male reproductive system that add fluid to the semen during ejaculation
steroid hormones
canliculi
bulbourethral gland
z lines
43. Drains away fluid so that it does not accumulate in the tissues of our body.
dense connective tissue
lymph capillaries
smooth muscle
compounds
44. The opening of the archenteron in the gastrula that develops into the mouth in protostomes and the anus in deuterostomes
blastopore
respiratory center
ctive site
cotransport
45. Most superficial - 'horn - like' cornified or keratinized - 15-30 layers flat and dead - 15-30 days from stratum basale then 10-14 days until lost - tightly connected
Carbohydrate
cytochromes
stratum corneum
mRNA
46. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin - a hormone secreted by the trophoblast cells of a blasocyst (i.e. developing embryo) that prolongs the life of the corpus luteum - and thus increases the duration and amount of secreted progesterone. This helps to mainta
cancellous bone
Hcg
diaphysis
obligate intracellular parasite
47. Carries both electrons and protons (2 at a time)
proteasomes
spongy bone
enzyme kinetics
FMN
48. A capsule of several layers of granulosa cells that surrounds the developing secondary oocyte. this remains intact for when the secondary oocyte enters the uterine tubes
pancreas
ACTH
chyme
corona radiata
49. Non - membrane bound organelles - large - ATP- dependant - a giant protein complex that recognizes and destroys proteins tagged for elimination by the small protein ubiquitin
trophoblast
proteasomes
acrosome
phophodiesterase
50. Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. closes when the right ventricle contracts - allowing blood flow into the lungs and prevent backflow into the right atrium
yolk sac
tricuspid valve
bacteriophage
notochord
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