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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A large polysaccharide composed of many glucose monomers linked into cable - like fibrils that provide structural support in plant cell walls. Contains B- linkages.Animals cannot digest the B- linkages of this molecule.






2. A period after firing when a neuron is returning to its normal polarize state and will only fire again if the incoming message open parentheses impulse) is stronger than usual; returning to arresting state






3. Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation






4. The outer portion of the kidney containing bownam's capsule - proximal - distal convoluted tubules - and associated blood vessels.






5. Process by which a liquid or gas passes through a filter to remove wastes






6. The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low - we feel hunger. Accounts for 80% of carbs absorbed by humans.






7. Enzyme in the intestinal juice that converts inactive trypsinogen into active trypsin






8. Joint that allows no movement because the bones are interlocked and are held together by either connective tissue or are fused together






9. Large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix - releasing calcium ions into the blood






10. Glands of the endocrine system that release hormones into the bloodstream






11. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule






12. The third level of protein structure; the overall - three - dimensional shape of a polypeptide due to interactions of the R groups of the amino acids making up the chain.






13. The small artery that carries blood toward the capillaries of the glomerulus.






14. Any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions.






15. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions






16. A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells






17. A muscle cell or gland cell that performs the body's responses to stimuli; responds to signals from the brain or other processing center of the nervous system.






18. Additional looping vesels of the juxtamedullary nephrons - that parallel the long loops of Henle in the medulla.






19. Red blood cells - or RBCs. most numerous of the three types of formed elements present inour blood. Sacs of hemoglobin molecules that transport the bulk of oxygen carried in the blood - as well as a small percentage of the carbon dioxide. 4-6 million






20. Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes - that have the same structured - and that pair during meisosis






21. A helical protein that winds around actin helices in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells to form the thin filament of the sarcomere. In the absence of Ca2+ - tropomyosin covers the myosin - binding sites on actin and prevents muscle contraction. When c






22. An aggregation of several ribosomes attached to one messenger RNA molecule.






23. Respond to water - soluble and lipid - soluble substances that are dissolved in the surrounding fluid. They monitor the chemical composition of body fluids






24. The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body - mobilizing its energy in stressful situations






25. Cylinder oriented parallel to long axis of bone; within each cylinder is tubes (concentric circles) of bone matrix (lamellae)






26. A capsule of several layers of granulosa cells that surrounds the developing secondary oocyte. this remains intact for when the secondary oocyte enters the uterine tubes






27. The second phase of meiosis consisting of chromatids separating - along with the two diploid cells splitting in two






28. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin - a hormone secreted by the trophoblast cells of a blasocyst (i.e. developing embryo) that prolongs the life of the corpus luteum - and thus increases the duration and amount of secreted progesterone. This helps to mainta






29. A cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte - stimulating hormone






30. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals.






31. The larger of the two component polypeptides of an immunoglobulin molecule. Heavy chains come in a variety of heavy- chain classes or isotypes - each of which confers a distinctive effector function on the antibody molecule.






32. Space between bones






33. A type of lymphocyte responisble for cell - mediated immunity that differentiates under the influence of the thymus






34. Specialized cells in the islets of langerhans of the pancreas that produce somatostatin (growth - hormone inhibiting hormone) - which inhibits the production and release of glucagons and insulin and slows the rate of digestive absorption






35. Steroid hormones secreted from the adrenal cortex. The two major classes are teh mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids. Aldosterone is the principal mineralocorticoid - and cortisol is the principal glucorcorticoid.






36. Cells created in the thymus that produce substances that attack infected cells in the body.






37. The organic process of synthesizing and releasing some substance






38. Connective tissue with large amounts of either collagen fibers (making them strong) or elastic fibers - or both. Dense tissues are typically strong (e.g. bone - cartilage - tendons - etc.)






39. Any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose






40. The stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle






41. Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell.






42. Tissue that connects bone to bone






43. Dynamic tissue undergoing constant remodeling due to internal and external forces - weight bearing and muscle contraction encourages stronger bone - limited or non - weight bearing and bed rest decrease bone strength






44. The second phase of meiosis II. Metaphase II is identical to mitotic metaphase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis I.






45. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones - help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body. - That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is f






46. A semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum






47. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals






48. A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood






49. A person whose type O Rh - negative blood may be safely transfused into persons with other blood types






50. Predominantly photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms containing a blue pigment in addition to chlorophyll.






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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