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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lipoproteins formed in the cells lining the small intestine following absorption of fats. they are made in the small intestinal cells and transpost dietary lipids to the liver.
fibrin
Chylomicrons
lipases
IgE
2. Compounds made of a metal and nonmetal that are formed when acids and bases react
calvin cycle
cytokinesis
salts
ectoderm
3. An agranulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis to fight infection
fibrinogen
homologous chromosomes
lock and key theory
monocytes
4. Predominantly photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms containing a blue pigment in addition to chlorophyll.
dinitrophenol
sinoatrial node
cyanobacteria
immovable joints
5. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood
diastole
prothrombin
light chains
myoglobin
6. Holds membrane bound vesicle full of neurotransmitters
periosteum
osmotic pressure
nerve terminal
transcription
7. Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity
target organs
basophils
B cell
Steroids
8. The spiny sublayer just below the stratum ganulosum contains cells that create an immune response to protect the body against foreign bodies that get through the first three outer sublayers of skin
cecum
stratum spinosum
umbilical vessels
S phase
9. First and longest phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
corticosteroids
prophase
glycolysis
Proline
10. An enzyme from the pancreas that digests proteins in the small intestine
trypsin
adrenal cortex
Receptors
spindle fibers
11. Bone marrow that is yellow with fat; found at the ends of long bones in adults
yellow marrow
afferent arteriole
Fatty acids
apoptosis
12. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones - help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body. - That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is f
smooth ER
HCl
carbonic anhydrase
snRNP
13. The part of the small intestine between the stomach and the jejunum
micelles
apoenzyme
side chain
duodenum
14. A nucleotide found in muscle cells and important in metabolism
beta cells
enzyme substrate complex
Interphase
AMP
15. Small units that are linked together chemically to form large protein molecules
intermediate filaments
lipases
hypercapnia
amino acids
16. Small - elongated mass of specialized cardiac muscle tissue just beneath the epicardium in the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava - starts impulses
contraction period
inner cell mass
sinoatrial node
hemophilia
17. Aid in expiration by contracting to pull the ribs downward and decrease the volume of the thoracic cavity (internal intercostal muscles originate in the inferior rib and insert on the superior rib)
latent period
signal transduction
internal intercostal muscles
FAD
18. Synaptic gap or synaptic space; tiny gap between the terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron (almost never touch); location of the transfer of an impulse from one neuron to the next
mineralcorticoids
zymogen
S phase
synaptic cleft
19. A bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles causing them to contract
3
systole
bundle of his
pyrophosphate
20. The most widespread connective tissue in the vertebrate body. It binds epithelia to underlying tissues and functions as packing material - holding organs in place.
loose connective tissue
hypoglycemia
plasmid
vital capacity
21. Parasite that cannot multiply unless it invades a specific host cell and instructs its genetic and metabolic machinery to make an release quantities of new viruses
Rh factor
phagocytosis
obligate intracellular parasite
basophils
22. Strand of Actin. Each actin has an active site that can interact with Myosin. Active sites are covered by tropomyosin strands - which are held in place by Troponin.
thin filaments
ed blood cells
ETS
HCl
23. The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction reduced by enzymes.
Bacteria
pyruvate decarboxylation
follicular phase
activation energy
24. These are absorbed by the intestinal wall cells and are made up of fatty acids and monoacylglycerols. - formed when amphipathic molecules are mixed with water - polar regions on outside - non polar regions on inside
micelles
skeletal muscle
structural proteins
inorganic phosphate
25. Gel consisting of a network of insoluble protein fibers
lactic acid fermentation
clot
diastole
end product inhibition
26. Is a negative feedback process which regulates the reaction rate. If it gets too much it begins to produce less if it becomes scarce or doesn't produce enough it begins to produce more
Proline
end product inhibition
interphase
Nucleic acids
27. The second phase of meiosis II. Metaphase II is identical to mitotic metaphase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis I.
metaphase II
inner cell mass
lactase
first messengers
28. A digestive hormone secreted by the stomach lining; stimulates the secretion of fluid by gastric glands in the stomach
gastrin
granular leukocytes
cytotoxic T cells
cortisone
29. Fine - collagenous fibers whose networks surround and support the soft tissue of organs - and stabilize the positions of functional cells
bacteriophage
LH
reticular fibers
ubiquinone
30. Lines the surface of the lung and follows the contours of the lung itself
visceral pleura
prophase II
end product inhibition
microbodies
31. Minimal value that must be reached for the system to respond. Muscle fibers and neurons exhibit an all - or - none response - where the system initiates an action potential only if stimulus is sufficient.
Cell membrane
excretion
threshold value
endometrium
32. An antibody that is involved in hypersensitivity and allergies. For some reason the body makes this antibody instead of IgG/A
IgE
anaphase I
spindle fibers
cristae
33. Sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein
synergistic muscle
dsRNA
structural proteins
intron
34. The small artery that carries blood away from the capillaries of the glomerulus.
efferent arteriole
striated muscle
chemoreceptors
binary fission
35. Cylinder oriented parallel to long axis of bone; within each cylinder is tubes (concentric circles) of bone matrix (lamellae)
cytokinesis
cardiac muscle
immunoglobulins
osteons
36. Causes bends/kinks in the protein - ring structured R group - linking carboxylic acid to amine group.
intermembrane space
Proline
nuclear pore complex
ureter
37. A blood protein essential to blood clotting. The conversion of fibrinogen to its active form (fibrin) is among the final steps in clot formation - and is triggered by thrombin.
microbodies
elastic fibers
hypertonic solution
fibrinogen
38. Provides support for your body and connects all its parts. Specialized tissue includes bone - cartilage - tendons - ligaments - adipose tissue - and blood.
acidosis
villi
subatomic particle
Connective tissue
39. Refers to a chain of events initiated by an unnecessary test - an unexpected result - or patient or physician anxiety - which results in ill - advised tests or treatments[1] that may cause harm to patients as the results are pursued.
cascade effect
thermoregulation
compact bone
lymph nodes
40. Identical twins formed when one zygote splits into two separate masses of cells - each of which develops into a separate embryo
monozygotic twins
prolactin
ovum
cortisol
41. Antibody found in blood and secretions - made more than any other isotype - most abundunt in the tears - sweat - saliva and mucosa.
IgA
hromosome replication
hypodermis
dizygotic twins
42. A muscle cell or gland cell that performs the body's responses to stimuli; responds to signals from the brain or other processing center of the nervous system.
effector cell
myosin binding sites
actual osmotic pressure
osteoporosis
43. Sequence of nucleotides on a gene that gets transcribed and translated
Cell membrane
osmotic pressure
prosthetic group
exon
44. A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution
structural proteins
hypertonic solution
uterus
morula
45. Secreted by the anterior pituitary. It is a general metabolic hormone that plays an important role in determining body size. It affects many tissues of the body; however its major effects are on the growth of muscle and the long bones of the body.
universal recipient
GH
substrate level phosphorylation
obligate intracellular parasite
46. Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone.
spongy bone
Glycogen
membrane carrier
adenylate cyclase
47. Polar hormones incapable of permeating the cell membrane that bind to surface receptors and act through secondary messengers
peptide hormones
spermatogenesis
exon
functional groups
48. Protein molecules that assist the proper folding of other proteins; they work by keeping the new polypeptide segregated from bad influences in the cytoplasmic environment while it folds spontaneously
androgens
chaperonins
Hcg
gastrula
49. Any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active
parthogenesis
zymogen
TCA cycle
calcitonin
50. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord
bundle of his
CNS
tidal volume
vulva