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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.
supierior vena cava
histamine
cardiovascular system
cristae
2. A vein connecting the capillary bed of the intestines with the capillary bed of the liver. This allows amino acids and gluocse absorbed from the intestines to be delivered first to the liver for processing before being transported throughout the circ
hepatic portal vein
neurotransmitters
goiter
carbohydrate
3. A glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix of animal cells that forms strong fibers - found extensively in connective tissue and bone; the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom.
myosin
plasma cell
collagen
cortisone
4. Intestinal enzyme that completes digestion of partially digested proteins to amino acids
relaxation period
peptidases
hypodermis
movable joints
5. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.
Saturated fatty acids
yolk sac
lacteals
metaphase
6. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules has the same alpha linkages as glycogen
oxidation
lymph
amylose
route of blood flow
7. A hemoprotein that receives oxygen from hemoglobin and stores it in the tissues until needed - A globular protein found in muscle tissue that has the ability to bind oxygen. Myoglobin helps to store oxygen in the muscle for use in aerobic respiration
respiratory surface
fibrin
myoglobin
disulfide linkages
8. Carries blood from the internal Jugular to the right side of the heart
thin filaments
acromegaly
foramen ovale
supierior vena cava
9. Holds membrane bound vesicle full of neurotransmitters
allosteric inhibitor
nerve terminal
DNA polymerase
small intestine
10. Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation
reticular layer
stroke volume
expiratory reserve volume
endochondral ossification
11. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the peptide GLUCAGON - which increases glucose levels in the blood
cytochrome oxidase
alpha cells
acrosome
gastrin
12. The part of the large intestine that ascends from the cecum to the transverse colon
reversible reaction
coenzymes
ascending colon
autolysis
13. Muscles lying between the ribs that - together with the rib cage - form the sides and top of the thoracic cavity
mucosa
aorta
ductus venosus
external intercostal muscles
14. Assist in proper folding and transport of polypeptides across the ER - Golgi and beyond. Some are constantly synthesized - others are only synthesized by STRESS (heat shock proteins). If the folding is not successful - then the chaperones facilitate
dissociation curve
testes
chaperones
thyroxine
15. The small artery that carries blood toward the capillaries of the glomerulus.
larynx
G1 phase
chymotrypsinogen
afferent arteriole
16. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch. If the cell has sufficient energy (ATP) Glucose is polymerized to this polysaccharide which is a branched glucose polyme
plasma
somatotropin
Fatty acids
Glycogen
17. The maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inspiration. It is equal to the inspiratory reserve volume plus the tidal volume plus the expiratory reserve volume.
parthogenesis
secondary oocytes
vital capacity
chymotrypsin
18. The opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge
collagen
goiter
oral cavity
microtubule
19. Veins in the neck that return blood from the head
cretinism
osteoporosis
jugular vein
acidosis
20. The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
synapse
apoenzyme
hypertonic
androgens
21. The stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle
gap junction
aldosterone
metaphase
competitive inhibition
22. The most common antibodies. passable through the placenta. provides passive immunity. aka gamma globulin
metabolism
telopahse
IgG
luteal phase
23. A fluid - filled sphere formed about 5 days after fertilization of an ovum that is made up of an outer ring of cells and inner cell mass. THis is the structure that implants in the endometrium of the uterus.
cell cycle
blastocyst
quarternary structure
Passive immunity
24. Any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active
Eukaryotes
zymogen
cervix
urethra
25. The organic process of synthesizing and releasing some substance
cleavage
anaphase
secretion
adrenal glands
26. The female reproductive cell
ductus arteriosus
ovum
ADH
tetrad
27. A physiologically inactive form of angiotensin that is the precursor to angiotensin II. ACE will convert it from I to 2.
angiotensin I
immune cells
ketoacidosis
immune system
28. Connective tissue with large amounts of either collagen fibers (making them strong) or elastic fibers - or both. Dense tissues are typically strong (e.g. bone - cartilage - tendons - etc.)
total lung capacity
lactic acid
GnRH
dense connective tissue
29. The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.
ctive site
autosomal cell
Glycosylation
Proteoglycan
30. End of humerous that is closer to the shoulder
FSH
anterior pituitary
proximal end
hypophysis
31. Type of nucleic acid located in some viruses and in human tRNA and rRNA as localized hairpin loops and stem loops double strand RNA
scrotum
lymph capillaries
homologous chromosomes
dsRNA
32. Glands located in the walls of the stomach - secreting the hormone gastrin in response to certain substances in food.
PTH
ovaries
pyloric glands
relative refractory period
33. The process by which the positive and negative ions of an ionic solid become surrounded by solvent molecules
fetal hemoglobin
Solvation
troponin
composite cell
34. A digestive enzyme of the saliva that turns starch into maltose (salivary amylase)
ptyalin
basophils
acid
Meiosis II
35. The opening of the archenteron in the gastrula that develops into the mouth in protostomes and the anus in deuterostomes
blastopore
all or none response
ketoacidosis
deuterstomes
36. Any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes - thus producing an immune response
antibody
spermatozoa
phagocytosis
stroke volume
37. Two components: organinc which is collagen fibers and inorganic which is hydroxyapatite crystals
acromegaly
bone matrix
fetal hemoglobin
somatic nervous system
38. Rapid antibody production that occurs following re - exposure to the antigen. IgG is the predominant antibody produced during this.
cristae
cartilage
secondary response
external nares
39. (biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs
regeneration
vulva
vas deferens
periosteum
40. The outermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; gives rise to the outer covering and - in some phyla - the nervous system - inner ear - and lens of the eye
B cell
ectoderm
Haploid cell
atrioventricular node
41. Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics
androgens
heavy chains
neural folds
enterokinase
42. The process that synthesizes a complex molecule from simpler compounds - thus requiring energy.
anabolism
fetus
Proline
blastula
43. Tiny hair - like projections of the cytoplasmic membrane located only in the small intestine to facilitate absorption by increasing surface area.
capillaries
veins
microvilli
Telophase
44. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.
pyrophosphate
actin
stratum corneum
bone resorption
45. The increase in concentration of solutes from the cortex to the medulla - allows for urine hypertonicity
protostomes
osmolarity gradient
cartilage
gastric glands
46. A protein present in muscle fibers that aids in contraction and makes up the majority of muscle fiber
FADH
compact bone
myosin
absolute refractory period
47. Secreted from the atrial wall of the heart -- stimulates kidney tubles to secrete more sodium
amino acid derived hormones
visceral pleura
atrial natriuretic hormone
troponin
48. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - an acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.
nerve terminal
NADP
umbilical vein
Hydrogen Bond
49. Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
thrombin
bases
spermatogenesis
relative refractory period
50. The second phase of meiosis consisting of chromatids separating - along with the two diploid cells splitting in two
external intercostal muscles
alimentary canal
larynx
Meiosis II