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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Development of the nervous system






2. Any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base - A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes - having a polar - hydrophilic head and a nonpolar - hydrophobic tail. Are als






3. Large conglomerations of proteins - fats - and cholesterol that transport lipids in the bloodstream. Contains a lipid core surrounded by phospholipids and apoproteins. Are classified by their density.






4. Small organic molecule that regulates the activity of an enzyme for: Neither the substrate or immediate product / Binds to one of the two forms of the enzyme / Binds at allosteric site (regulatory site) / Distinct from the active site: Stabilizes enz






5. The organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation






6. The adaptive immune system is composed of highly specialized - systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogenic challenges.the adaptive or 'specific' immune system is activated by the 'non - specific' and evolutionarily older innate






7. Process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell.






8. End of humerous that is closer to the shoulder






9. Proteins that contribute to cell recognition and adhesion.






10. Joint - lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane






11. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse






12. The region between the inner membrane and the outer membrane of a mitochondrion or a chloroplast. The main function of the intermembrane space is nucleotide phosphorylation.






13. (Slow twitch fibers) have a high myoglobin content and many mitochondria. Aerobic respiration and are capable of sustained and vigorous activity.






14. Aid in expiration by contracting to pull the ribs downward and decrease the volume of the thoracic cavity (internal intercostal muscles originate in the inferior rib and insert on the superior rib)






15. Sequence of nucleotides on a gene that gets transcribed and translated






16. Lacking affinity for water






17. Animals whose anus develops from the blastopore of the gastrula






18. Gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum - where it mixes with bile to digest food






19. Two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope. They direct the seperation of chromosomes during cell division.






20. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals.






21. Thin - walled microscopic air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place






22. Membranous structure that functions as the circulatory system in mammal embryos until the heart becomes functional






23. An electron - proton - or neutron; one of the three major particles of whoch atoms are composed






24. Whiplike tails found in one - celled organisms to aid in movement






25. Hormone produced by the pancreas that is released when stimulated by elevated glucose levels. This hormone decreases blood sugar levels by accelerating the transport of glucose into the body cells where it is oxidized for energy or converted to glyco






26. A semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum






27. 'salt - retaining hormone' which promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention - which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure






28. The side by side pairing of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes at the start of meiosis






29. The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances.






30. The hollow muscular organ located behind the sternum and between the lungs






31. Gel consisting of a network of insoluble protein fibers






32. Is a negative feedback process which regulates the reaction rate. If it gets too much it begins to produce less if it becomes scarce or doesn't produce enough it begins to produce more






33. Adaptive immune response directed at antigenic components of the persons own body






34. One of the main pancreatic proteases; it is activated (from chymotrypsinogen) by trypsin.






35. Stage of interphase in which cell grows and performs its normal functions - The first growth phase of the cell cycle - consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins.






36. Cortisol and Cortisone are types of these hormones - produced in the Adrenal cortex - which increase blood glucose levels through stimulation of gluconeogenesis and the decrease of protein synthesis. They also reduce the body's immunological and infl






37. There are four and they are embedded in the surface of the thyroid - function in the homeostasis of calcium ions. They secrete Parathyroid hormone (PTH) - which raises blood levels of calcium and thus has an effect opposite to that of the thyroid hor






38. The portion of the vertebrate nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord






39. Fraternal twins produced from separate fertilized eggs. Like all siblings - DZ twins share an average of 50 percent of their genes.






40. Contraction of diaphragm and the intercostal muscles - increasing thoracic volume - reducing pressure in the intrapleural space creating a vacuum that causes the lungs to suck in air - as well as draw in blood from the rest of the body (particularly






41. The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum






42. Gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum - where it mixes with bile to digest food






43. The small artery that carries blood toward the capillaries of the glomerulus.






44. After completing meiosis I - these are produced along with a polar body and are released into the fallopian tube.






45. The outer portion of the kidney containing bownam's capsule - proximal - distal convoluted tubules - and associated blood vessels.






46. The most widespread connective tissue in the vertebrate body. It binds epithelia to underlying tissues and functions as packing material - holding organs in place.






47. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the peptide GLUCAGON - which increases glucose levels in the blood






48. Most superficial - 'horn - like' cornified or keratinized - 15-30 layers flat and dead - 15-30 days from stratum basale then 10-14 days until lost - tightly connected






49. 30 different nucleoporins bind together and form the a passage out of the nucleus. Nuclear fibers increase selectivity.






50. An enzyme which contains a region to which small regulatory molecules may bind in addition to and separate from the substrate binding site - thereby affecting catalytic activity