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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Minimal value that must be reached for the system to respond. Muscle fibers and neurons exhibit an all - or - none response - where the system initiates an action potential only if stimulus is sufficient.
reduction
threshold value
myosin binding sites
pyloric glands
2. Thyrotropin - stimulates thyroid gland. Release of TSH triggered by TRH (thyrotropin - releasing hormone) -
CRF
blood vessel
TSH
rRNA
3. The cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck and containing the lungs and heart
thoracic cavity
anasarca
B lymphocyte
3
4. Small - elongated mass of specialized cardiac muscle tissue just beneath the epicardium in the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava - starts impulses
sinoatrial node
fetal hemoglobin
B lymphocyte
lactic acid fermentation
5. Colorless watery fluid of blood and lymph containing no cells and in which erythrocytes and leukocytes and platelets are suspended
corticosteroids
plasma
addison's disease
stratum basalis
6. An artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal glands and ureters
nucleotides
renal artery
haversian systems
oxygen debt
7. Specialized lymphatic capillaries in the intestines that take up lipids as well as lymph.
lacteals
parthogenesis
cartilage
anabolism
8. The female reproductive cell
gap junction
ovum
inner cell mass
cartilage
9. Abnormal loss of bony tissue resulting in fragile porous bones attributable to a lack of calcium
purkinje fibers
osteoporosis
FADH
monozygotic twins
10. Tissue consisting of long muscle cells that are capable of contracting when stimulated by nerve impulses. Three types skeletal - cardiac - and smooth.
gall bladder
Fatty acids
hypophyseal portal system
Muscle Tissue
11. Condition that occurs when the pancreas produces too little insulin - resulting in an increase in the level of blood glucose
complementary pairing
metaphase I
diabetes mellitus
RNAi
12. An enzyme from the pancreas that digests proteins in the small intestine
trypsin
lacunae
GnRH
amylopectin
13. Large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix - releasing calcium ions into the blood
prophase
semiautonomous
osteoclasts
allosteric inhibitor
14. Storage lipids. Function is to store energy and can be fat in bodies of animals. Consists of glycerol molecule to 3 fatty acids attached to a three carbon backbone. May also function to provide thermal insulation and padding to an organism.
allosteric activators
riacylglycerols
blastulation
bowmans capsule
15. A muscle cell or gland cell that performs the body's responses to stimuli; responds to signals from the brain or other processing center of the nervous system.
visceral pleura
effector cell
atria
haversian systems
16. Small convoluted tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis takes place.
seminiferous tubules
morula
endothelial cell
CNS
17. An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose
flexor
sucrase
G1 phase
spermatids
18. Dynamic - temporary array of microtubules that moves chromosomes in precise directions during mitosis or meiosis.
afferent arteriole
yellow marrow
spindle apparatus
atoms
19. Located at the base of the esophagus and functions to prevent food materials from entering the esophagus from the stomach
cardiac sphincter
deamination
macrophages
essential amino acids
20. Refers to a chain of events initiated by an unnecessary test - an unexpected result - or patient or physician anxiety - which results in ill - advised tests or treatments[1] that may cause harm to patients as the results are pursued.
glyoxysomes
thoracic cavity
cascade effect
signal transduction
21. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.
actin
simple diffusion
BNP
hypercapnia
22. An organism that uses energy to control its internal environment
obligate intracellular parasite
thick filaments
regulator
bulbourethral gland
23. Is a negative feedback process which regulates the reaction rate. If it gets too much it begins to produce less if it becomes scarce or doesn't produce enough it begins to produce more
lacteals
appendicular skeleton
loop of henle
end product inhibition
24. Sarcomere region with thick filaments only - located in center of sacromere; myosin only; become smaller when contraction takes place.
pyloric glands
carboxyhemoglobin
coronary veins
H band
25. Mature spermatids that are fully functional and capable of fertilizing a human ovum
spermatozoa
HCl
capsid
expiratory reserve volume
26. The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction reduced by enzymes.
Primary structure
activation energy
cortical reaction
lymphokines
27. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood
prothrombin
ptyalin
lipases
proximal convoluted tubule
28. Condition of congenital hypothyroidism in children that results in a lack of mental development and dwarfed physical stature; the thyroid gland is either congenitally absent or imperfectly developed
cretinism
bone resorption
LH
determinate cleavage
29. After completing meiosis I - these are produced along with a polar body and are released into the fallopian tube.
tonus
RNAi
osteoporosis
secondary oocytes
30. A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood
hemophilia
aorta
thermoregulation
intrapleural space
31. Lipid substances with linked sugar groups that are key structural elements in cell membranes and precursors of other biologically active molecules important in cell signaling.. Are also amphipathic and are found in myelinated cells composing the huma
osteoblasts
semiautonomous
Glycolipids
bacteriophage
32. T cells that can kill other cells. Almost all cytotoxic T cells are CD8 T cells. Cytotoxic T cells are important in host defense against viruses and other cytosolic pathogens - because they recognize and kill the infected cells.
cytotoxic T cells
amphipathic
cortisone
concentration gradient
33. The male gonads - which produce sperm and secrete male sex hormones.
appendicular skeleton
corona radiata
testes
bacteriophage
34. A vessel in Which blood circulates
neutrophils
corticosteroids
variable regions
blood vessel
35. Abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
G2 phase
erythrocytes
hyperglycemia
vas deferens
36. A long - muscular tube that begins at teh mouth and includes the mouth - pharynx - esophagus - stomcah - small intestine - large intestine - and anus
jejunum
alimentary canal
bowmans capsule
plasma cell
37. Large conglomerations of proteins - fats - and cholesterol that transport lipids in the bloodstream. Contains a lipid core surrounded by phospholipids and apoproteins. Are classified by their density.
lipoprotein
substrate level phosphorylation
external intercostal muscles
spirometer
38. Fine - collagenous fibers whose networks surround and support the soft tissue of organs - and stabilize the positions of functional cells
reticular fibers
thin filaments
variable regions
carboxyhemoglobin
39. Assist in proper folding and transport of polypeptides across the ER - Golgi and beyond. Some are constantly synthesized - others are only synthesized by STRESS (heat shock proteins). If the folding is not successful - then the chaperones facilitate
chaperones
essential amino acids
tubulins
polar body
40. A neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord
adrenal glands
carbohydrate
stratum spinosum
motor neuron
41. Molecule binds to an enzyme somewhere other than active site and inhibits. - change the shape of the active site - and may enhance enzyme function
allosteric inhibitor
cAMP
Michaelis constant
basement membrane
42. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.
Steroids
BNP
hypoglycemia
oxidation
43. Strong connective tissue that supports the body and is softer and more flexible than bone
cartilage
smooth ER
H band
T lymphocyte
44. Is a swelling of the axial terminal - The presynaptic swelling of the axon terminal From which neural messages travel across synaptic cleft to other neurons
lymph
structural proteins
dizygotic twins
synaptic bouton
45. Complex proteins or glycoproteins embedded in the membrane with sites that bind to specific molecules in the cells external environment.
hyperglycemia
intermediate filaments
Receptors
virus
46. Lymphocytes that inhibit helper T cells and cytotoxic cells by negative feedback. They also prevent B lymphocytes from transforming into plasma cells. These cells provide the means by which the immune response can be shut down
cleavage
suppressor T cells
contraction period
proton motive force
47. Part of the electron transport chain. A process occurring in the mitochondria that results in the formation of ATP from the flow of electrons across the inner membrane to bind with oxygen.
vulva
G2 phase
oxidative phosphorylation
ureter
48. A flexible rodlike structure that forms the supporting axis of the body in the lowest chordates and lowest vertebrates and in embryos of higher vertebrates
notochord
interstitial cells
haversian systems
ovum
49. (Slow twitch fibers) have a high myoglobin content and many mitochondria. Aerobic respiration and are capable of sustained and vigorous activity.
bronchioles
FMN
red fibers
reabsorption
50. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions
Facilitated diffusion
loop of henle
FAD
blastocyst