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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
GnRH
Dehydration synthesis
tendons
hemophilia
2. Fine - collagenous fibers whose networks surround and support the soft tissue of organs - and stabilize the positions of functional cells
reticular fibers
ileum
leukocytes
mitochondrial matrix
3. Antibody found in blood and secretions - made more than any other isotype - most abundunt in the tears - sweat - saliva and mucosa.
IgA
Secondary structure
stratum spinosum
islets of langerhans
4. Molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region such as a phosopholipid
lamellae
amphipathic
osmotic pressure
centrisomes
5. The part of an organism that connects the head to the rest of the body
proteasomes
ATP
loop of henle
cervix
6. Reproduction of some unicellular organisms (such as yeasts) by growth and specialization followed by the separation by constriction of a part of the parent
tidal volume
budding
NADH
proton motive force
7. A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.
proteasomes
nuclear pore complex
sucrase
chemiosmosis
8. A muscle that draws a part away from the median line
larynx
DNA polymerase
purkinje fibers
abductor
9. The transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins
respiratory center
corticosteroids
anabolism
facilitated diffusion
10. The process in reproduction and growth by which a cell divides to form daughter cells
gastric glands
FSH
first messengers
cell division
11. The compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the Krebs cycle.
hypothyroidism
lipases
stratum corneum
mitochondrial matrix
12. Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity
bowmans capsule
synovial fluid
forces creating tertiary structure
B cell
13. 1) stimulates osteoclast activity - 2) stimulates osteoblast activity to a lesser degree. 3) reduces calcium loss in the urine 4) promotes calcium absorption in the intestine (by stimulating calcitiol production) - 5) decrease PTH could result in mus
structural proteins
prokaryotes
epididymus
PTH
14. Connects the left and right atria - allowing blood to flow directly from the right to the left side of the heart
virus
chaperones
hypertonic
foramen ovale
15. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch. If the cell has sufficient energy (ATP) Glucose is polymerized to this polysaccharide which is a branched glucose polyme
fibroblasts
Glycogen
sarcolemma
epiphyseal plate
16. T cells that can kill other cells. Almost all cytotoxic T cells are CD8 T cells. Cytotoxic T cells are important in host defense against viruses and other cytosolic pathogens - because they recognize and kill the infected cells.
cytotoxic T cells
Cytochromes
alpha helix
antibody
17. The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus - the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands
Hcg
renal artery
pituitary gland
fermentation
18. Blood cells containing hemoglobin that carry oxygen through the bloodstream
acid
trachea
synaptic bouton
ed blood cells
19. A thin layer of cells that line the interior surface of the blood vessels - forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. Simple squamous epithelium.
endothelial cell
insulin
semiautonomous
NADH
20. Found in pancreatic juice pancreatic amylase; secreted by pancreatic acinar cells; process proteins: terminal amino acids at carboxyl end of peptides
prolactin
medulla oblongata
troponin
carboxypeptidase
21. The widening of the chambers of the heart between two contractions when the chambers fill with blood
synovial fluid
diastole
phagocytosis
prokaryotes
22. The transport of 2 different solutes thru a membrane in opposite direction by either facilitated diffusion or active transport
chemiosmosis
countertransport
trophoblast
proximal convoluted tubule
23. A complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds - fruits - tubers - roots and stem pith of plants - notably in corn - potatoes - wheat - and rice. Forms include amylose and amylopectin
tarch
platelets
complementary pairing
circadian rythms
24. An acute and potentially fatal infection of the central nervous system caused by a toxin produced by the tetanus bacteria
epiphyseal plate
tetanus
elastic fibers
I band
25. A coenzyme that is tightly bound to an enzyme. A prosthetic group - unlike a cosubstrate - remains bound to a specific site of the enzyme throughout the catalytic cycle of the enzyme.
prosthetic group
NADH
synovial fluid
lock and key theory
26. The part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands
follicular phase
ANS
ADP
prokaryotes
27. A complex assembly that interacts with the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA - releasing the intron and joining the two adjacent exons.
Cell membrane
excretion
myoglobin
spliceosome
28. Set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes
metabolism
snRNP
mucous cells
RNAi
29. An enzyme from the pancreas that digests proteins in the small intestine
haversian systems
trypsin
renin angiotensin system
HCl
30. Boundaries of the sarcomere which give skeletal muscle its striated appearance
allantois
DNA polymerase
mucosa
z lines
31. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.
vital capacity
intracellular digestion
synovial capsule
PKU
32. Inner fluid filled space in the blastocyst - The fluid - filled cavity that forms in the center of the blastula embryo.
chorionic villi
hypercapnia
blastocoel
ETS
33. Presence of an abnormal amount of ketone bodies in the blood and urine indicating an abnormal utilization of carbohydrates as seen in uncontrolled diabetes and starvation
glycolytic pathway
NAD
ketoacidosis
enterokinase
34. In the umbilical cord - carries blood and nutrients from mom to baby.
amphipathic
lactic acid
telophase II
umbilical vessels
35. Secrete mucous which forms a protective barrier to prevent digestion of the stomach; absorption of small amounts of water - ions - fatty acids & some drugs & alcohol enters the blood stream
mucous cells
abductor
stratum corneum
prosthetic group
36. Products of the first meiotic division - contain a haploid number of dyads - and undergo the second stage of meiotic division.
osteons
hyperthyroidism
secondary spermatocytes
catabolism
37. The pyruvate from glycolysis either is used in biosynthesis or it is oxidized into acetyl coenzyme A. CoA enters this cyclic catabolic pathway. This cycle forms more precursor metabolites - ATP by substrate - level phosphorylation - NAD(P)H - and car
rRNA
autoimmune response
TCA cycle
gastrula
38. Enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by thyroid dysfunction - tumor - lack of iodine in the diet - or inflammation (goiter = throat)
goiter
Protein
troponin
PTH
39. Spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes. The chromosomes then line up across the center of the cell.
apoptosis
surfactant
epidermis
metaphase I
40. Gel consisting of a network of insoluble protein fibers
angiotensin
osteoporosis
striated muscle
clot
41. The sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell
intermediate filaments
anaphase II
arteries
anasarca
42. A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles.
capsid
bile
steroid hormones
autotrophic
43. Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. closes when the right ventricle contracts - allowing blood flow into the lungs and prevent backflow into the right atrium
tricuspid valve
endoderm
stratum corneum
Glycolipids
44. The reduced form of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). This is the most common electron carrier in cellular respiration.
red marrow
NADH
Rh factor
contraction period
45. Tissue that connects bone to bone
adenylate cyclase
clot
trophoblast
ligaments
46. Weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in pH
dermis
dizygotic twins
buffers
lamellae
47. Part of the Loop of Henle that removes Sodium from the blood. - Reabsorption of ions; creates the concentration gradient in the medulla - enabling the kidney to produce concentrated urine
epiglottis
virus
ascending limb
sister chromatids
48. A pair of endocrine glands just above the kidneys. the adrenals secrete the hormones epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) - which help to arouse the body in times of stress.
metaphase I
lymph nodes
adrenal glands
synapse
49. Located the base of the brain - the anterior pituitary secretes thyroid - stimulating hormone - adrenocorticotropic hormone - follicle - stimulating hormone - luteinizing hormone - melanocyte - stimulating hormone - growth hormone - and prolactin; t
hypophysis
vaginal canal
umbilical arteries
chaperonins
50. A line of defense triggered by penetration of the skin or mucous membranes - in which small blood vessels in the vicinity of an injury dilate and become leakier - enhancing the inflitration of leukocytes; may also be widespread in the body
inflammatory response
myosin binding sites
tricuspid valve
veins