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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A substance that resembles gelatin and is obtained by boiling cartilage in water
chondrin
Glycogen
anaphase
collecting duct
2. Inactivity resulting from torpidity and lack of vigor or energy
torpor
secretion
epididymus
nephron
3. A neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord
notochord
alpha helix
motor neuron
platelets
4. The passage to the stomach and lungs
Proteoglycan
pharynx
nonspecific defense mechanism
gastrula
5. Area of prokaryotic cells where the DNA is concentrated.
fermentation
universal recipient
Nucleoid region
intracellular digestion
6. A type of RNA - synthesized from DNA - that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein; also called messenger RNA.
memory cell
oogenesis
ureter
mRNA
7. Self - digestion occurring in plant and animal tissues - particularly after they have ceased to function properly
autolysis
essential amino acids
stratum spinosum
TSH
8. Sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein
induction
intron
cardiovascular system
renin
9. The removal of an amino group from an organism - particularly from an amino acid
peristalsis
lungs
Meiosis II
deamination
10. Given to control diabetes insipidus and promote reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules.
vasopressin
epithelial tissue
blastocoel
excretion
11. Adrenaline; activates a sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster - stopping digestion - enlarging pupils - sending sugar into the bloodstream - preparing a blood clot faster
cardiac muscle
periosteum
Hydrophobic
epinephrine
12. Movement from a high concentration area to a low concentration area - only works with oily substances - needs to cross oily cell membrane (nonpolar substances) - no energy is required. Movement down concentration gradient
endometrium
endoskeleton
spindle apparatus
simple diffusion
13. Small rings of DNA consisting of a few genes. They replicate independently of the main chromosome and often contain genes that allow the cell to survive adverse conditions
hypoglycemia
plasmids
smooth ER
chymotrypsin
14. Found within the lymph nodes - they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria - cancer cells - and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream.
gap junction
macrophages
Eicosanoid
hromosome replication
15. A solid ball of cells that makes up an embryo; in humans - this stage occurs within four days of fertilization.
immune cells
Secondary structure
calvin cycle
morula
16. Voluntary - striated muscle that moves bones - works in pairs and is attatched to bones by tendons
cecum
purkinje fibers
skeletal muscle
structural proteins
17. Synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Adenylyl cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylyl cyclase stimulatory G (Gs)- protein - coupled receptors and
amino acid derived hormones
immune response
DNA polymerase
alpha amino acid
18. Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses
plasmids
Meiosis II
linked genes
spermatogenesis
19. A complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds - fruits - tubers - roots and stem pith of plants - notably in corn - potatoes - wheat - and rice. Forms include amylose and amylopectin
Prostaglandins
epinephrine
tarch
centrisomes
20. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.
histamine
intracellular digestion
FMN
metabolism
21. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells. Involved in cell movement and support.
acrosome
small intestine
actin
parietal pleura
22. The inactive form of pepsin that is first secreted by specialized (chief) cells located in gastric pits of the stomach.
stroke volume
blastulation
pepsinogen
Nucleotide
23. Support sperm formation; development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics
androgens
ctive site
fibrinogen
vacuole
24. Provides support for your body and connects all its parts. Specialized tissue includes bone - cartilage - tendons - ligaments - adipose tissue - and blood.
Connective tissue
epiphyseal plate
PNS
cell cycle
25. Also known as adenylyl cyclase - adenyl cyclase or AC) is a lyase enzyme. It is a part of the cAMP- dependent pathway catalyzes the conversion of ATP to 3' -5'- cyclic AMP (cAMP) and pyrophosphate
G2 phase
adenylate cyclase
Proteoglycan
osteoporosis
26. When the chromosomes replicate
reabsorption
hromosome replication
effector cell
obligatory base pairing
27. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.
citric acid cycle
concentration gradient
threshold value
anaphase
28. A flap of cartilage that covers the windpipe while swallowing
target organs
epiglottis
prosthetic group
beta cells
29. Two lobes joined by a central mass in the throat - inferior to the larynx - produces two major hormones.
thyroid gland
allantois
cytochromes
gametocytes
30. The cytoplasm of a striated muscle fiber
sarcoplasm
fibroblasts
gastrula
medulla oblongata
31. Pertaining to substances that don't contain carbon; a substance that is produced from the breakdown of PC and is the leading cause of fatigue in working muscles
decomposition reaction
lymphocytes
smooth ER
inorganic phosphate
32. A complex assembly that interacts with the ends of an RNA intron in splicing RNA - releasing the intron and joining the two adjacent exons.
blastopore
primary response
spliceosome
dizygotic twins
33. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of an oogoium; primary oocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosi
contraction period
primary oocytes
spermatogonia
acrosome
34. A single covalent bond derived from the coupling of thiol (R- SH) groups.
osteons
capsid
disulfide linkages
myoglobin
35. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule
atrioventricular valves
Lysosomes
signal transduction
coronary arteries
36. Red blood cells - or RBCs. most numerous of the three types of formed elements present inour blood. Sacs of hemoglobin molecules that transport the bulk of oxygen carried in the blood - as well as a small percentage of the carbon dioxide. 4-6 million
intron
noncompetitive inhibition
erythrocytes
universal recipient
37. An immune system B cell or T cell that does not respond the first time that it meets with an antigen or an invading cell but that recognizes and attacks the antigen or invading cell during subsequent infections
scrotum
purkinje fibers
memory cell
CCK
38. Gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts
exocrine glands
telophase II
Cofactor
melanin
39. The sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell
anaphase II
stratum lucidum
PNS
Facilitated diffusion
40. When a cell in G0 or G1 receives a signal to commit the cell to a full round of the cell cycle after passin through this point. The cell cannot return to G1 or G0 withouth completing a fell cell cycle
restriction point
chaperones
vulva
forces creating tertiary structure
41. The bonds between the phosphate groups
plasmids
bacteriophage
high energy bonds
glycolysis
42. The period during which an embryo develops (about 266 days in humans)
asters
cortisol
gestation
sarcomeres
43. Development of the nervous system
esophagus
neurulation
steroid hormones
cytokinesis
44. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.
releasing hormones
smooth muscle
Cofactor
tetanus
45. Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation
B lymphocyte
expiratory reserve volume
spongy bone
obligatory base pairing
46. Tiny passageways interconnecting the lacunae/osteocytes with the blood vessels - nerves - etc. in the Haversain Canal of an Haversian System
corona radiata
canliculi
stroke volume
alcohol fermentation
47. Blood cells containing hemoglobin that carry oxygen through the bloodstream
GH
ed blood cells
pancreas
Hydrolysis
48. Carries both electrons and protons (2 at a time)
Eicosanoid
FMN
respiratory surface
endoderm
49. In the umbilical cord - carries blood and nutrients from mom to baby.
umbilical vessels
goiter
epidermis
gamete
50. Proteins that contribute to cell recognition and adhesion.
microfilaments
cell adhesion proteins
maltase
troponin
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