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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The inactive form of pepsin that is first secreted by specialized (chief) cells located in gastric pits of the stomach.






2. The number of times the heart beats in one minute. It changes in response to activity - stress - illness - etc.






3. Tissue consisting of long muscle cells that are capable of contracting when stimulated by nerve impulses. Three types skeletal - cardiac - and smooth.






4. Is of crucial importance when it comes to copying and repairing DNA






5. A normal blood protein produced by the liver - angiotensin is converted to angiotensim I by renin (secreted by kidney when blood pressur falls). Angiotensin I si further onverted to angiotensim II by ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme). Angiotensin I






6. Molecule binds to an enzyme somewhere other than active site and inhibits. - change the shape of the active site - and may enhance enzyme function






7. Lighter - less strong bone that is found in the ends and inner portions of long bones; also called spongy bone






8. Neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of His






9. Luteinizing hormone - ovulation and egg release - maturation of egg - release of testosterone in males.






10. Generation of glucose from non - sugar carbon substrates like pyruvate - lactate - glycerol - and amino acids The vast majority takes place in the liver and - to a smaller extent - in the cortex of kidney. This process occurs during periods of fastin






11. An internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed. Involved of the transport of materials throughout the cell.






12. Provides support for your body and connects all its parts. Specialized tissue includes bone - cartilage - tendons - ligaments - adipose tissue - and blood.






13. During this time - calcium ions bind to troponin - myosin - binding sites on actin are exposed - and crossbridges form






14. Body cell; no egg or sperm






15. Two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope. They direct the seperation of chromosomes during cell division.






16. Stores bile produced by the liver until it is needed in the duodenum






17. The sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body






18. Antiviral proteins secreted by T cells; they also stimulate macrophages to ingest bacteria






19. Finger - like projections that increase the surface area and increase absorption






20. A vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus.






21. A small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication






22. Tissue that connects muscle to bone






23. Shaft or middle region of long bone that contains layer of spongy bone






24. Physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules - thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat.






25. Products of the first meiotic division - contain a haploid number of dyads - and undergo the second stage of meiotic division.






26. Space between bones






27. The first phase of meiosis II. Prophase II is identical to mitotic prophase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis I. - microtubules attach to duplicated chromosomes in each of the 2 haploid daughter cells






28. Produced in muscle cells from the reduction of pyruvate (under anaerobic conditions) to regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. A rise in lactic acid usually accompanies an increase in physical activity.






29. Voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords






30. Is a swelling of the axial terminal - The presynaptic swelling of the axon terminal From which neural messages travel across synaptic cleft to other neurons






31. Iron - containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for delivery to cells






32. Strengthening of contraction that results when the stimuli are so frequent that muscle cannot fully relax. The stronger contraction is due to the incorporation of more muscle fibers.






33. Enlarged vein from junctions of all cardiac veins which empty into the right atrium






34. The breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes - bacteria - yeasts - or mold in the absence of oxygen






35. The regular fluctuation - within a 24- hour period - from high to low points of certain bodily functions and behavior; sleep wakefulness cycle and body temperature






36. An energy storage molecule used by muscle tissue. The phosphate from creatine phosphate can be removed and attached to an ADP to generate ATP quickly.






37. Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity






38. The muscle tissue of the heart - involuntary - found only in the heart - cells can contract without being stimulated by an electrical impulse






39. Outer cells of the blastocyst that secrete enzymes that allow implantation






40. Strawlike tube between an ovary and the uterus through which an ovum passes after ovulation






41. Hemolytic disease in the newborn caused by a blood groop (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus






42. In this time during cleavage the morula (solid ball of embryonic cells) becomes the blastula (blastocyst in mammals). Implants in the uterine wall during this time.






43. Organisms that first forms a mouth when it develops.






44. Boundaries of the sarcomere which give skeletal muscle its striated appearance






45. Minerals that carry electrical charges that help maintain the body's fluid balance






46. The part of an organism that connects the head to the rest of the body






47. Glands of the endocrine system that release hormones into the bloodstream






48. Bone marrow of children and some adult bones that is required for the formation of red blood cells






49. Relatively massive bundles of subunits composed of the protein myosin that can reach 15nm in diameter






50. Anaerobic ATP- forming pathway. Pyruvate from glycolysis is degraded to acetaldehyde - which accepts electrons from NADH to form ethanol; NAD+ needed for the reactions is regenerated. Net yield: 2 ATP.