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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attracts a solute molecule to a binding site
countertransport
seminal vesicles
membrane carrier
acromegaly
2. A capsule partly surrounds a cluster of capillaries (called glomerulus) - blood passes thru the capillaries and is filtered by squeezing the fluid part into the bowmans capsule and on into a tubule - most h2o & other needed substances are reabsorbed
vas deferens
bowmans capsule
lacunae
interferons
3. Two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope. They direct the seperation of chromosomes during cell division.
buffers
allosteric inhibitor
renal cortex
centrioles
4. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.
functional groups
lacunae
anaphase II
cervix
5. The small artery that carries blood toward the capillaries of the glomerulus.
endometrium
portal systems
chondrin
afferent arteriole
6. Points in which two cells are fastened together into strong sheets. Intermediate filaments anchor these. Also called anchoring junctions.
intrapleural space
desmosomes
myoglobin
proton gradient
7. Neurohormone secreted by the heart in response to ventricular expansion. Elevated greater than 100 pg/mL indicates some heart failure
extracellular digestion
lungs
BNP
inflammatory response
8. This system's funtions are (1) to transport tissue fluid to the blood vessels - and (2) to protect the body by removing foreign material such as bacteria from the lymphatic stream and by serving as a cite for lymphocytes 'policing of body fluids and
lymphatic system
fertilization membrane
collagen
chorionic villi
9. The outermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; gives rise to the outer covering and - in some phyla - the nervous system - inner ear - and lens of the eye
alimentary canal
ectoderm
jugular vein
carbohydrate
10. Cells located in the seminiferous tubules to nourish spermatids
vagus nerve
gluconeogenesis
sertoli cells
pyruvate
11. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.
facilitated diffusion
chorion
PGAL
Steroids
12. Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell.
ectoderm
memory cell
somatic cell
telophase I
13. NORMAL STATE of BALANCED MUSCLE TENSION PRESENT In BODY WHEN One Is AWAKE
tonus
renal vein
chaperonins
Passive immunity
14. A neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs eating - drinking - body temperature; helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland - and is linked to emotion
collagenous fibers
hypothalamus
specific defense mechanism
deamination
15. Occurs across the placenta - fetal lungs do not become functional until birth.
Hydrophobic
fetal gas exchange
synapsis
secretin
16. Tissue consisting of long muscle cells that are capable of contracting when stimulated by nerve impulses. Three types skeletal - cardiac - and smooth.
enzyme kinetics
lymphokines
immune cells
Muscle Tissue
17. 1) stimulates osteoclast activity - 2) stimulates osteoblast activity to a lesser degree. 3) reduces calcium loss in the urine 4) promotes calcium absorption in the intestine (by stimulating calcitiol production) - 5) decrease PTH could result in mus
PTH
oxaloacetate
allosteric activators
gap junction
18. The transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins.
polar body
T cells
somatic cell
Facilitated diffusion
19. The maximal volume of air that the lungs can contain. Total lung capacity is the sum of the vital capacity and the residual volume - and is typically about 6000 mL (6L).
total lung capacity
renal cortex
allosteric modulator
hypothalamus
20. Gonadotropin releasing hormone; a decapeptide hormone produced by the hypothalamus that stimulates the adenohypophysis to release gonadotropins (as luteinizing hormone and follicle - stimulating hormone) -- abbreviation GnRH
efferent arteriole
CRF
islets of langerhans
GnRH
21. Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation
anaphase II
metaphase
expiratory reserve volume
insulin
22. A regulating body substance released in excess during allergic reactions causing swelling and inflammation of tissues
histamine
polyribosome
acidosis
compact bone
23. Pleura that lines the inner chest walls and covers the diaphragm
sarcoplasm
endochondral ossification
parietal pleura
erythroblastosis fetalis
24. The immune reaction that occurs the first time a person is exposed to a particular antigen. protective antibodies appear about 3-6 days while naive B cells multiply and differentiate into plasma cells. causes the level in the blood plasma to rise. Ig
FAD
primary response
platelets
receptor mediated endocytosis
25. Binds more oxygen in red blood cells than adult hemoglobin - to aide in transferring oxygen across placenta.
peptide bond
fetal hemoglobin
alimentary canal
allosteric inhibitor
26. Attack general invading pathogens. Three types are neutrophils - basophils and eosinophils.
substrate level phosphorylation
concentration gradient
diaphysis
granular leukocytes
27. An acute and potentially fatal infection of the central nervous system caused by a toxin produced by the tetanus bacteria
simple diffusion
effector cell
FSH
tetanus
28. Wavelike contraction of the walls of the intestines - which propels contents onward
hemophilia
angiotensin I
peristalsis
diploid
29. Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis
diaphysis
diploid
deuterstomes
crossing over
30. The body system that consists of the heart - blood vessels - and blood - and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells
citric acid cycle
blood vessel
testicular feminization
cardiovascular system
31. A band of cells along the border where the neural tube pinches off from the ectoderm; the cells migrate to various parts of the embryo and form the pigment cells in the skin - bones of the skull - the teeth - the adrenal glands - and parts of the per
axial skeleton
basement membrane
neural crest
collagenous fibers
32. An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose
anaphase
ctive site
PTH
sucrase
33. These are absorbed by the intestinal wall cells and are made up of fatty acids and monoacylglycerols. - formed when amphipathic molecules are mixed with water - polar regions on outside - non polar regions on inside
Fatty acids
endoskeleton
nonspecific defense mechanism
micelles
34. When comparing two solutions - the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
Protein
hypertonic
secretin
carboxyhemoglobin
35. Are molecules that relay signals from receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell - in the cytoplasm or nucleus. They relay the signals of hormones like epinephrine (adrenalin) - growth factors - and others - and cause some kind
kinase
second messenger
parthogenesis
yellow marrow
36. This poison that can carru protons across inner membrane; uncouples the electron transport chain from the proton gradient established across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
T cells
forces creating tertiary structure
decomposition reaction
dinitrophenol
37. Organic process consisting of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell following karyokinesis bringing about the separation into two daughter cells
umbilical vessels
cytokinesis
absolute refractory period
sucrase
38. Mesodermal tissue that forms connective tissue and blood and smooth muscles
mesenchyme
calvin cycle
carboxyhemoglobin
Rh factor
39. An enzyme which contains a region to which small regulatory molecules may bind in addition to and separate from the substrate binding site - thereby affecting catalytic activity
nucleotides
allosteric enzyme
vasa recta
Dehydration synthesis
40. Rope - like strands of protein that help to form desmosomes and resist pulling forces on the cell - Threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments
acidosis
desmosomes
intermediate filaments
oxidation
41. Form gametes which combine to form zygotes that develope into more sporozoites
diaphragm
gametocytes
myosin
Solvation
42. Hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones in synovial joints
extensor muscle
tRNA
gastrula
articular cartilage
43. Neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the bundle of His
erythroblastosis fetalis
red marrow
atrioventricular node
mucous cells
44. Membrane - bound space in the cytoplasm of cells used for the temporary storage of materials. Are larger than vesicles and are more likely found in plant cells.
alpha amino acid
chyme
vacuole
ileum
45. Antibody found in blood and secretions - made more than any other isotype - most abundunt in the tears - sweat - saliva and mucosa.
ureter
LH
IgA
dizygotic twins
46. Condition of hypersecretion of the thyroid gland characterized by exophthalmia - tachycardia - goiter - and tumor
inner cell mass
prophase II
glyoxysomes
hyperthyroidism
47. (biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs
competitive inhibition
potential osmotic pressure
regeneration
tRNA
48. Whiplike tails found in one - celled organisms to aid in movement
flagella
B lymphocyte
adrenal glands
myogenic activity
49. Self - digestion occurring in plant and animal tissues - particularly after they have ceased to function properly
autolysis
heterotrophic
telophase I
heavy chains
50. Found within the lymph nodes - they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria - cancer cells - and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream.
macrophages
troponin
notochord
fight or flight response