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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 30 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The valves in the heart that separte the atria from teh ventricles. The tricuspid valve separates teh right atrium from the right ventricel - and the bicuspid (mitral) valves separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. These valves close at th
atrioventricular valves
Interphase
snRNP
blastocyst
2. Assist the enzyme by building the enzyme on a site other than the active site to boost the activivty.
allosteric activators
umbilical arteries
thrombin
intracellular digestion
3. The most widespread connective tissue in the vertebrate body. It binds epithelia to underlying tissues and functions as packing material - holding organs in place.
restriction point
cascade effect
loose connective tissue
BNP
4. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions
peroxisomes
FAD
hemoglobin
Fatty acids
5. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.
telophase II
chaperonins
functional groups
endoplasmic reticulum
6. Found in the cytosol and contains - microfilaments - microtubules - and intermediate fibers. Gives the cell its shape and and anchor organelles. Functions in intracellular transport.
purkinje fibers
universal donor
cytoskeleton
thymosin
7. Made from cholesterol. Composed of 4 carbon rings attached to distinctive side chains that determine the unique properties of the hormones. Hydrophobic and fat soluble.
steroid hormones
AMP
PNS
heterotrophic
8. Lacking affinity for water
pyruvate
hydrogen bond
Hydrophobic
synapse
9. Any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose
lymphokines
white fibers
lactase
hypercapnia
10. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals
NAD
inorganic phosphate
anaphase
carbohydrate
11. The inner germ layer that develops into the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems
chondrin
transcription
norepinephrine
endoderm
12. Induces contraction of the uterine muscles during childbirth and causes the mammary glands to eject milk during nursing
pepsinogen
metaphase II
neuromuscular junction
oxytocin
13. Development of the nervous system
intron
neurulation
ctive site
enzyme specificity
14. An amino acid in a polypeptide that is not the N or C terminal AA. This refers to every amino acid in a polypeptide chain.
pyloric sphincter
amino acid residue
Haploid cell
blastula
15. Membranous tissue covering internal organs and other internal surfaces of the body. Covers the surface of the body.
epithelial tissue
ductus venosus
AMP
osmotic pressure
16. Hormone produced by the pancreas that is released when stimulated by elevated glucose levels. This hormone decreases blood sugar levels by accelerating the transport of glucose into the body cells where it is oxidized for energy or converted to glyco
secondary active transport
pancreas
contraction period
insulin
17. A helical protein that winds around actin helices in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells to form the thin filament of the sarcomere. In the absence of Ca2+ - tropomyosin covers the myosin - binding sites on actin and prevents muscle contraction. When c
tropomyosin
leukocytes
immunoglobulin
metaphase
18. Given to control diabetes insipidus and promote reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules.
anaphase I
bone remodeling
vasopressin
sinoatrial node
19. Lipoproteins formed in the cells lining the small intestine following absorption of fats. they are made in the small intestinal cells and transpost dietary lipids to the liver.
sister chromatids
transcription
light chains
Chylomicrons
20. Duct through which urine is discharged in most mammals and which serves as the male genital duct
platelets
urethra
epidermis
high energy bonds
21. A thick - transpartent coating rich in glycoproteins that surrounds an oocyte.
carbohydrate
zona pellucida
papillary layer
Glycoproteins
22. Stimulate production of platelets
immunoglobulin
hypercapnia
myoglobin
thrompoietin
23. The immune reaction that occurs the first time a person is exposed to a particular antigen. protective antibodies appear about 3-6 days while naive B cells multiply and differentiate into plasma cells. causes the level in the blood plasma to rise. Ig
primary response
cardiac output
I band
reticular fibers
24. Clusters of endocrine cells that secrete two hormones directly into the circulatory system. Each islet has a population of alpha cells - which secrete the peptide hormone glucagons - and a population of beta cells - which secrete the hormone insulin.
islets of langerhans
ureter
S phase
nuclear pore complex
25. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.
calvin cycle
citric acid cycle
cervix
ascending limb
26. The maintenance of internal body temperature within a tolerable range
thermoregulation
stratum basalis
external nares
lymphatic system
27. A hormone secreted by the small intestine (duodenum) in response to low pH (e.g. - from stomach acid). It promotes the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas to act as a buffer.
ovum
urethra
secretin
spindle fibers
28. The adrenal cortex secretes small quantities of androgens (male sex hormones) like androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone in both men and women; because in men - most of the androgens are produced by the testes - the physiologic effect of the adr
cortical sex hormones
villi
ileum
smooth muscle
29. The middle primary germ layer of an early embryo that develops into the notochord - the lining of the coelom - muscles - skeleton - gonads - kidneys - and most of the circulatory system
frequency summation
mesoderm
ACTH
peptide bond
30. Nonenzymatic binding of glucose to other molecules such as proteins - fats - or nucleic acids.
Glycosylation
cartilage
Protein
proteome
31. A skeletal muscle whose contraction extends or stretches a body part
exocrine glands
coronary sinus
extensor muscle
cell mediated immunity
32. (biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs
anaphase
regeneration
pyloric glands
B lymphocyte
33. Reproduction of some unicellular organisms (such as yeasts) by growth and specialization followed by the separation by constriction of a part of the parent
haversian canal
H band
budding
ectoderm
34. Used by hypothalamus to control the pituitary release of tropic hormones
releasing hormones
abductor
fight or flight response
coenzymes
35. Stores bile produced by the liver until it is needed in the duodenum
catabolism
umbilical vessels
gall bladder
adenylate cyclase
36. The part of an organism that connects the head to the rest of the body
immunoglobulin
S phase
memory cell
cervix
37. Lymphocytes that inhibit helper T cells and cytotoxic cells by negative feedback. They also prevent B lymphocytes from transforming into plasma cells. These cells provide the means by which the immune response can be shut down
suppressor T cells
seminal fluid
actin
metaphase II
38. The fourth and final phase of meiosis II. Telophase II is identical to mitotic telophase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis. I.
diabetes mellitus
dsRNA
telophase II
actin
39. Gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum - where it mixes with bile to digest food
pancreas
Interphase
red fibers
glycolysis
40. A type of glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex. It converts amino acids to glucose - helps to breakdown fats to fatty acids. Decreases glucose uptake by the muscles and increases blood sugar in response to stress. Strong anti - inflammatory
follicular phase
cortisol
follicles
lungs
41. Space between the two membranes - visceral pleura and parietal pleura - that cover the lungs.
hypodermis
intrapleural space
descending limb
cell cycle
42. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals.
chondrocytes
testicular feminization
light chains
Carbohydrate
43. Protein filaments inside a myofibril are organized into repeating functional units - (10 -000/myofibrils) smallest function unit of muscle fibers 1- thick filaments - myosin 2- thin fillament - actin 3- proteins that stablize 4- proteins that will re
Solvation
internal intercostal muscles
tropomyosin
sarcomeres
44. Generalized edema with accumulation of serum in subcutaneous connective tissue
diaphragm
anasarca
Osmosis
pancreas
45. The hollow ball of cells marking the end stage of cleavage during early embryonic development
prophase I
hypoglycemia
spliceosome
blastula
46. Long threads made of the protein elastin. provide a rubbery quality to the extracellular matrix that complements the nonelastic strength of collagenous fibers.
acrosomal process
lymph
myosin
elastic fibers
47. Excited electrons are passed from protein to protein in the thylakoid membrane
ETS
lymphokines
distal convoluted tubule
autoimmune response
48. Self - digestion occurring in plant and animal tissues - particularly after they have ceased to function properly
caveolae
IgM
atrioventricular valves
autolysis
49. Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen - rich blood to the heart muscle
reabsorption
high energy bonds
coronary arteries
total lung capacity
50. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - an acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.
Lysosomes
frequency summation
dissociation curve
NADP