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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids






2. Fine - collagenous fibers whose networks surround and support the soft tissue of organs - and stabilize the positions of functional cells






3. Growth - stimulating hormone produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland






4. The digestive secretion of the pancreas containing sodium bicarbonate - amylase - proteases - and lipases






5. Found in pancreatic juice pancreatic amylase; secreted by pancreatic acinar cells; process proteins: terminal amino acids at carboxyl end of peptides






6. Occurs across the placenta - fetal lungs do not become functional until birth.






7. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.






8. A cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair






9. The class of immunoglobulin having






10. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.






11. Encloses the cell and is composed of a phospholipid bilayer.






12. The second phase of meiosis II. Metaphase II is identical to mitotic metaphase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis I.






13. Tiny passageways interconnecting the lacunae/osteocytes with the blood vessels - nerves - etc. in the Haversain Canal of an Haversian System






14. This part of the pituitary does not produce hormones - but stores and releases oxytocin and ADH.






15. Stage of the cell cycle when a cell is actively dividing - the part of the cell cycle when mitosis divides the nucleus and distributes its chromosomes to the daughter nuclei and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm - producing two daughter cells.






16. Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis






17. Gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum - where it mixes with bile to digest food






18. Converted in the lung capillaries from angiotensin I; stimulates production of alderostone in the adrenal cortex






19. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.






20. Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix






21. (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA






22. A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution






23. Enlarged vein from junctions of all cardiac veins which empty into the right atrium






24. Last part of the renal tubule; where secretion of ions - acids - drugs - and toxins takes place - Between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct; Selective reabsorption and secretion occur here - most notably to regulate reabsorption of water and






25. An immune system B cell or T cell that does not respond the first time that it meets with an antigen or an invading cell but that recognizes and attacks the antigen or invading cell during subsequent infections






26. Tissue that connects muscle to bone






27. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the hormone INSULIN - which lowers glucose levels in the blood






28. Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses






29. Each enzyme catalyzes only one kind of reaction






30. Any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes - thus producing an immune response






31. A blood protein essential to blood clotting. The conversion of fibrinogen to its active form (fibrin) is among the final steps in clot formation - and is triggered by thrombin.






32. Noradrenaline; chemical which is excitatory - similar to adrenaline - and affects arousal and memory; raises blood pressure by causing blood vessels to become constricted - but also carried by bloodstream to the anterior pituitary which relaxes ACTH






33. Break fats down into diglycerides - monoglycerides - and fatty acids - which are able pass through the plasma membrane of microvilli






34. The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out






35. Sarcomere region with thick filaments only - located in center of sacromere; myosin only; become smaller when contraction takes place.






36. Is a second messenger important in many biological processes. is derived from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms - conveying the cAMP- dependent pathway.






37. The mucous membrane that lines the inner wall of the uterus






38. Finger - like projections that increase the surface area and increase absorption






39. Polypeptide chains that contribute to the structure of an antibody. Two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains - joined by disulfide bridges - form a Y- shaped antibody molecule.






40. A coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid






41. The passage to the stomach and lungs






42. A spiral shape constituting one form of the secondary structure of proteins - arising from a specific hydrogen - bonding structure.






43. The small artery that carries blood away from the capillaries of the glomerulus.






44. The fourth of meiosis I. Telophase I is identical to mitotic telophase - except that the number of chromosoms is now reduced by half. After this phase the cell is considered to be haploid. Note however - that the chromosomes are still replicated - an






45. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule






46. First and longest phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus






47. A thin layer of cells that line the interior surface of the blood vessels - forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. Simple squamous epithelium.






48. Corticotropin releasing factor; secreted by hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland and activated adrenal gland and then get the release of corisol as part of the 'stress response'






49. Diploid cells resultinf rom the activation of a spermatogoium; primary spermatocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosis.






50. Found within the lymph nodes - they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria - cancer cells - and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream.