Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Second layer of skin - holding blood vessels - nerve endings - sweat glands - and hair follicles






2. The inner germ layer that develops into the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems






3. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins; recognize the splice sites in the pre - mRNA; located in the nucleus and are composed of proteins and RNA






4. In this time during cleavage the morula (solid ball of embryonic cells) becomes the blastula (blastocyst in mammals). Implants in the uterine wall during this time.






5. Two lobes joined by a central mass in the throat - inferior to the larynx - produces two major hormones.






6. An essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals.






7. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule






8. Infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.






9. Package of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat that must use a host cell's machinery to reproduce itself. are not considered living cells.






10. The layer of epidermis immediately under the stratum corneum in the skin of the palms and soles






11. A physiological sphincter that briefly slows down food before it enters the stomach . it also acts to prevent stomach contents from regurgitating into the esophagus - thus protecting the esophageal mucosa from the corrosive effect of the stomach acid






12. A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells






13. Drains away fluid so that it does not accumulate in the tissues of our body.






14. Small organelles filled with enzymes; one function is to break down lipids - carbohydrates - and proteins from food particles; may also break down old cell parts. enzymes are maximally effective at a pH of 5 and they fuse with endocytic vacuoles to b






15. Source: Adrenal cortex - Target Tissues: Kidneys - Function: Raise blood volume - bp - and salts in blood - Stimulus to release: low bp - blood volume - or low salt concentration - Regulated: Negative feedback - ANF hypothalamus hierarchy






16. A small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication






17. The valves in the heart that separte the atria from teh ventricles. The tricuspid valve separates teh right atrium from the right ventricel - and the bicuspid (mitral) valves separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. These valves close at th






18. Sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein






19. The organs that hormones act on to either increase or decrease the organ's activity level.






20. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse






21. A substance found in blood plasma that is the precursor to thrombin in the coagulation of blood






22. This poison that can carru protons across inner membrane; uncouples the electron transport chain from the proton gradient established across the inner mitochondrial membrane.






23. 2 phosphate together can be used for energy in place of ATP Ex.Archea






24. The most common antibodies. passable through the placenta. provides passive immunity. aka gamma globulin






25. A nucleotide found in muscle cells and important in metabolism






26. A physiologically inactive form of angiotensin that is the precursor to angiotensin II. ACE will convert it from I to 2.






27. A regulatory protein that is a component of the thin filament. When calcium ions (Ca2+) bind to troponin - it undergoes a change in shape; this conformational change moves tropomyosin away from myosin - binding sites on actin molecules - and muscle c






28. Attracts a solute molecule to a binding site






29. Stimulates and sustains a woman's milk production following the birth of an infant






30. The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.






31. The part of the small intestine between the jejunum and the cecum - End portion of the small intestine






32. In immune network theory - an idiotope - an antigenic site of an antibody that is responsible for that antibody binding to an antigenic determinant (epitope).






33. Contraction of diaphragm and the intercostal muscles - increasing thoracic volume - reducing pressure in the intrapleural space creating a vacuum that causes the lungs to suck in air - as well as draw in blood from the rest of the body (particularly






34. The primary component of microtubules that radiate throughout the cell and provide it with support.






35. Pertaining to substances that don't contain carbon; a substance that is produced from the breakdown of PC and is the leading cause of fatigue in working muscles






36. The process of cytokinesis in animal cells - characterized by pinching of the plasma membrane; specifically - the succession of rapid cell divisions without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cells.






37. The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.






38. Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses






39. Any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose






40. A gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth of Graafian follicles in female mammals - and activates sperm - forming cells in male mammals






41. An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ADP to ATP as a result of a series of events that occur in and around a membrane. in prokaryotes it is in the cell membrane and in eukaryotes it is in the mitochondrial membrane






42. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle has the property of flexing without nervous stimulation called...






43. External female genitalia; includes the labia - hymen - clitoris - and the vaginal orifice






44. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.






45. Antibody found in blood and secretions - made more than any other isotype - most abundunt in the tears - sweat - saliva and mucosa.






46. Respiration in the absence of sufficient oxygen leads to a build up of lactic acid that has to be cleared when sufficient oxygen is available.






47. A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecules






48. A skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint






49. Relatively massive bundles of subunits composed of the protein myosin that can reach 15nm in diameter






50. Glyceraldehyde phosphate; a three - carbon molecule formed in the second step of the Calvin cycle that can leave the cycle and be used to make other organic compounds