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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts






2. Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation






3. The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth.






4. Animals whose anus develops from the blastopore of the gastrula






5. Blind U- shaped pouch that is the first portion of the large intestine






6. A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecules






7. A tube of cells running along the dorsal axis of the body - just dorsal to the notochord. It will give rise to the central nervous system.






8. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti






9. A blood protein essential to blood clotting. The conversion of fibrinogen to its active form (fibrin) is among the final steps in clot formation - and is triggered by thrombin.






10. Released from the hypothalamus to act on the pituitary gland. It inhibits the secretion of somatotropin(growth hormone)






11. Lacking affinity for water






12. Form of active transport which does not use ATP as an energy source; rather - transport is coupled to ion diffusion down a concentration gradient established by primary active transport.






13. One of the small intracellular globules composed of fats that are mixed cholesterol and coated with special proteins






14. Products of the first meiotic division - contain a haploid number of dyads - and undergo the second stage of meiotic division.






15. An enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by the addition of nucleotides to the existing chain.






16. Cells found in gastric glands that secrete hydrochloric acid (for hydrolysis of ingested food) and gastric intrinsic factor (for absorption of vitamin B-12).






17. The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum






18. The class of immunoglobulin having






19. Has low solubility in waterand high solubility in nonpolar organic solvents. They are hydrophobic and are excellent barriers seperating aqueous environments. Six major types.






20. The movement of substances into or out of cells without the expenditure of energy or the involvement of transport proteins in the cell membrane. Also called simple diffusion.






21. Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses






22. A stable complex of hemoglobin and carbon monoxide that prevents normal oxygen uptake in the blood.






23. A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP - the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid - which makes a






24. An organic molecule that is a necessary participant in some enzymatic reactions; helps catalysis by donating or accepting electrons or functional groups; e.g. - a vitamin - ATP - NAD+.






25. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.






26. Activated in the duodenum by enterokinase - which is produced in the cells lining the duodenum






27. An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ADP to ATP as a result of a series of events that occur in and around a membrane. in prokaryotes it is in the cell membrane and in eukaryotes it is in the mitochondrial membrane






28. Aid in expiration by contracting to pull the ribs downward and decrease the volume of the thoracic cavity (internal intercostal muscles originate in the inferior rib and insert on the superior rib)






29. Any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active






30. (anatomy) a muscular partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities






31. Diploid cells resultinf rom the activation of a spermatogoium; primary spermatocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosis.






32. A cell of the gastric glands that secretes pepsinogen (breaks down protein) and gastric lypase






33. Attack general invading pathogens. Three types are neutrophils - basophils and eosinophils.






34. Cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton






35. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse






36. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.






37. Tissue that connects muscle to bone






38. Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart






39. A nerve or muscle fibre responds completly or not at all to a stimulus






40. Type of enzyme regulation that is stored in inactive forms in the body until it is needed. When needed - cleaves bonds to give active form of the enzyme. Called 'Proteolytic Activity' at that point.






41. Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity






42. A bundle of modified heart muscle that transmits the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles causing them to contract






43. A flap of cartilage that covers the windpipe while swallowing






44. The organs that hormones act on to either increase or decrease the organ's activity level.






45. The outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates






46. The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out






47. The larger of the two component polypeptides of an immunoglobulin molecule. Heavy chains come in a variety of heavy- chain classes or isotypes - each of which confers a distinctive effector function on the antibody molecule.






48. The presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood






49. A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution






50. Refers to a chain of events initiated by an unnecessary test - an unexpected result - or patient or physician anxiety - which results in ill - advised tests or treatments[1] that may cause harm to patients as the results are pursued.






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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