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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Provides support for your body and connects all its parts. Specialized tissue includes bone - cartilage - tendons - ligaments - adipose tissue - and blood.
acrosomal process
diploid
Connective tissue
diabetes mellitus
2. A hollow rod of tubulin protein in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells and in cilia - flagella - and the cytoskeleton.
beta cells
addison's disease
microtubule
osteocytes
3. The class of immunoglobulin having
IgM
centrioles
micelles
appendicular skeleton
4. Respiration in the absence of sufficient oxygen leads to a build up of lactic acid that has to be cleared when sufficient oxygen is available.
feedback inhibition
oxygen debt
contraction period
restriction point
5. This poison that can carru protons across inner membrane; uncouples the electron transport chain from the proton gradient established across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
reduction
dinitrophenol
Terpene
electrolytes
6. The maximum pressure that could develop in a solution when it is separated from pure water by a selectively permeable membrane
peptidases
potential osmotic pressure
granular leukocytes
activation energy
7. Enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by thyroid dysfunction - tumor - lack of iodine in the diet - or inflammation (goiter = throat)
Unsaturated fatty acid
induced fit model
oxygen debt
goiter
8. The layer of epidermis immediately under the stratum corneum in the skin of the palms and soles
contraction period
stratum lucidum
sucrase
ADP
9. Any of several quinones that function as electron - carrying coenzymes.
epiphyses
decomposition reaction
ubiquinone
allosteric modulator
10. The breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes - bacteria - yeasts - or mold in the absence of oxygen
osteoclasts
fermentation
pyrophosphate
microbodies
11. Stimulates cortex of the adrenal glands to make cortisol/ cortisone which is needed in stressful situations
Glycolipids
ACTH
chorionic villi
veins
12. Lipid substances with linked sugar groups that are key structural elements in cell membranes and precursors of other biologically active molecules important in cell signaling.. Are also amphipathic and are found in myelinated cells composing the huma
osteoblasts
melanocyte
trophoblast
Glycolipids
13. Involves the formation of bone within mesenchyme arranged in sheet like layers that resemble membranes.
islets of langerhans
intramembranous ossification
dermis
medulla oblongata
14. Compounds made of a metal and nonmetal that are formed when acids and bases react
salts
endometrium
neural crest
Glycolipids
15. The cells - tissues - and organs that protect the body from disease. the immune system is composed of the white blood cells - bone marrow - thymus gland - spleen and other parts
sarcoplasmic reticulum
immune system
ileum
autolysis
16. Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone released from hypothalamus via hypophyseal porthole stimulates somatotropins in anterior pituitary to release GH
calvin cycle
Conjugated protein
threshold value
HRH
17. NORMAL STATE of BALANCED MUSCLE TENSION PRESENT In BODY WHEN One Is AWAKE
NAD
Conjugated protein
Hcg
tonus
18. The brain's sensory switchboard - located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla
Cell membrane
thalamus
IgM
tonus
19. A semiliquid mass of partially digested food that passes from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum
chyme
dermis
RNAi
synaptic bouton
20. A biomolecule that binds to the regulatory site of an allosteric protein and thereby modulates its activity. An allosteric modulator may be an activator or an inhibitor. Also known as the allosteric effector.
allosteric modulator
neurotransmitters
capillaries
composite cell
21. The female reproductive cell
variable regions
apoenzyme
ovum
thermoregulation
22. The model of the enzyme that shows the substrate binding to the active site and the active site altering slightly is the
jejunum
fibroblasts
torpor
induced fit model
23. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse
vaginal canal
epidermis
immune cells
villi
24. Thin - walled microscopic air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place
canliculi
LH
alveoli
GH
25. The number of times the heart beats in one minute. It changes in response to activity - stress - illness - etc.
cytochrome oxidase
dissociation curve
heart rate
Proline
26. The outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus
NADH
amnion
spermatogonia
capsid
27. Rope - like strands of protein that help to form desmosomes and resist pulling forces on the cell - Threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments
signal transduction
erythrocytes
pyloric glands
intermediate filaments
28. The exterior protective or supporting structure or shell of many animals (especially invertebrates) including bony or horny parts such as nails or scales or hoofs
exoskeleton
lactase
dissociation curve
epiphyses
29. The maintenance of internal body temperature within a tolerable range
thermoregulation
endometrium
secretion
troponin
30. The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out
blastula
androgens
exocytosis
contraction period
31. Synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase located on the inner side of the plasma membrane. Adenylyl cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylyl cyclase stimulatory G (Gs)- protein - coupled receptors and
electron transfer
elastic fibers
amino acid derived hormones
Cytochromes
32. The first phase of meiosis I. During prophase I the replicated chromosomes condense - homologous chromsomes pair up - crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes - the spindle is formed - and the nuclear envelope breaks apart into vesicles. P
proximal convoluted tubule
immunoglobulin
glucagon
prophase I
33. Sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein
lock and key theory
hypodermis
exoskeleton
intron
34. Strong connective tissue that supports the body and is softer and more flexible than bone
cartilage
small intestine
regulator
CRF
35. The extraembyonic membrane of birds - reptiles and mammals that serves as an area of gaseous exchange and as a site for the storage of noxious excretion products
allantois
sarcoplasmic reticulum
nonspecific defense mechanism
bronchioles
36. Two spongy organs - located in the thoracic cavity enclosed by the diaphragm and rib cage - responsible for respiration
internal intercostal muscles
immune response
lungs
abductor
37. When comparing two solutions - the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
hypertonic
acid
esophagus
secondary oocytes
38. When the chromosomes replicate
spermatogenesis
blastocyst
glycolytic pathway
hromosome replication
39. Rare childhood disorder with deficiencies of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids - may occur as a resuld of trauma - infection or autoimmune response - develops gradually.
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40. (Slow twitch fibers) have a high myoglobin content and many mitochondria. Aerobic respiration and are capable of sustained and vigorous activity.
Meiosis II
Hydrolysis
heart
red fibers
41. Condition of congenital hypothyroidism in children that results in a lack of mental development and dwarfed physical stature; the thyroid gland is either congenitally absent or imperfectly developed
cretinism
determinate cleavage
corticosteroids
endocrine glands
42. A cell of the gastric glands that secretes pepsinogen (breaks down protein) and gastric lypase
smooth ER
universal recipient
chief cells
calcitonin
43. Any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen)
plasma
Vmax
reduction
neurulation
44. The spiny sublayer just below the stratum ganulosum contains cells that create an immune response to protect the body against foreign bodies that get through the first three outer sublayers of skin
maltase
enzyme specificity
oxytocin
stratum spinosum
45. A cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair
Haploid cell
pituitary gland
testosterone
cortical sex hormones
46. Precursor of the digestive enzyme chymotrypsin. comes from the acinar cells in the pancreas and is activated by autocatalysis or by trypsin (the active form of trypsinogen)
parthogenesis
cardiac sphincter
chymotrypsinogen
fetal gas exchange
47. The sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
diaphragm
PNS
prosthetic group
Glycosylation
48. A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood
pyruvate decarboxylation
endoplasmic reticulum
thymosin
hemophilia
49. An enzyme complex in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion and the thylakoid membrane of a chloroplast that catalyzes the formation of ATP.
ATP synthetase
respiratory surface
bile
surfactant
50. First step in releasing the energy of glucose - in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid
glycolysis
torpor
peptidases
caveolae