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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords
abductor
larynx
trypsin
transverse tubules
2. Small convoluted tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis takes place.
competitive inhibition
seminiferous tubules
Glycoproteins
specific defense mechanism
3. Is of crucial importance when it comes to copying and repairing DNA
complementary pairing
cartilage
androgens
FSH
4. The middle primary germ layer of an early embryo that develops into the notochord - the lining of the coelom - muscles - skeleton - gonads - kidneys - and most of the circulatory system
electrolytes
mesoderm
medulla oblongata
histamine
5. Blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the tissues
acidosis
proximal end
arteries
insulin
6. Strand of Actin. Each actin has an active site that can interact with Myosin. Active sites are covered by tropomyosin strands - which are held in place by Troponin.
thick filaments
cortisol
thin filaments
Hydrogen Bond
7. A nerve or muscle fibre responds completly or not at all to a stimulus
ovaries
coenzymes
immune response
all or none response
8. Weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms.
all or none response
Hydrogen Bond
parietal pleura
PGAL
9. The first level of protein structure; the specific sequence of amino acids making up a polypeptide chain. Once this is formed the single cahin can twist into the alpha helix or lie along itself and form a B- pleated sheet.
inorganic phosphate
Primary structure
electron transfer
actin
10. These are finger like projections that form the fetal portion of the placenta. By the 8th week - chorionic villi sampling is possible.
IgE
hypothalamus
chorionic villi
ovum
11. A valve in the heart that guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle
Glycosylation
systole
mitral valve
renin angiotensin system
12. The X- shaped - microscopically visible region representing homologous chromatids that have exchanged genetic material through crossing over during meiosis.
trypsin
myoglobin
chiasmata
excretion
13. Tissue that connects muscle to bone
Binary fission
homoeostasis
composite cell
tendons
14. Maintenance of favorable internal conditions in a system despite flutuations in external conditions
cervix
homoeostasis
gastrula
epiphyseal plate
15. The portion of the skeleton that attaches to the axial skeleton and has the limbs attached to it
cAMP
thick filaments
appendicular skeleton
atrioventricular node
16. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins froms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons; also called ribosomal RNA.
hemoglobin
rRNA
metaphase
bundle of his
17. Whiplike tails found in one - celled organisms to aid in movement
first messengers
flagella
autotrophic
external nares
18. Inhibits gastric glands - stimulates pancreas to release enzymes - stimulates GB to release bile
GH
CCK
alcohol fermentation
FSH
19. It is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are Fibroblasts - Adipose Cells - and Macrophages
hypodermis
spindle apparatus
S phase
Golgi apparatus
20. Products of the first meiotic division - contain a haploid number of dyads - and undergo the second stage of meiotic division.
secondary spermatocytes
plasmids
chorion
myosin binding sites
21. A type of embryonic development in protostomes that rigidly casts the developmental fate of each embryonic cell very early
hypoglycemia
determinate cleavage
collecting duct
myoglobin
22. A type of cell death in which the cell uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself
leukocytes
amino acid residue
apoptosis
carbohydrate
23. A physiological sphincter that briefly slows down food before it enters the stomach . it also acts to prevent stomach contents from regurgitating into the esophagus - thus protecting the esophageal mucosa from the corrosive effect of the stomach acid
oxidation
oxaloacetate
lower esophageal sphincter
desmosomes
24. The female reproductive cell
monozygotic twins
goiter
archenteron
ovum
25. Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet formed through formation of hydrogen bonds. - The second level of protein structure; the regular local patterns of coils or folds of a polypeptide chain.
mitochondria
ADP
Secondary structure
bronchioles
26. A measuring instrument for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs
cardiovascular system
substrate
spirometer
synaptic cleft
27. A reaction in which the conversion of reactants into products and the conversion of products into reactants occur simultaneously
reversible reaction
gastric glands
parathyroid glands
prothrombin
28. A cell of the gastric glands that secretes pepsinogen (breaks down protein) and gastric lypase
tarch
chief cells
immunoglobulins
facilitated diffusion
29. The mucous membrane that lines the inner wall of the uterus
endometrium
metaphase I
enterokinase
microtubule
30. An acute and potentially fatal infection of the central nervous system caused by a toxin produced by the tetanus bacteria
motor neuron
hypothyroidism
tetanus
allosteric activators
31. The endoderm - lined cavity - formed during gastrulation - that develops into the digestive tract of an animal.
archenteron
fibrin
threshold value
coronary veins
32. A digestive hormone secreted by the stomach lining; stimulates the secretion of fluid by gastric glands in the stomach
gastrin
chondrocytes
islets of langerhans
endoskeleton
33. A strong acid present in the stomach that aids in digestion
apoenzyme
cervix
HCl
humoral immunity
34. (RAS) or the renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system (RAAS) - hormone system regulates blood pressure and water balance. When blood pressure is low - kidneys secrete renin. Renin stimulates production of angiotensin causing blood vessels to constric
parietal cells
renin angiotensin system
Terpene
lymph capillaries
35. Space between the two membranes - visceral pleura and parietal pleura - that cover the lungs.
intrapleural space
Eukaryotes
desmosomes
stratum granulosum
36. Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity
monozygotic twins
arteries
chymotrypsin
B cell
37. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells. Involved in cell movement and support.
actin
ligaments
Vmax
inhibiting hormones
38. A form of asexual reproduction in single - celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size
fight or flight response
TRH
blastocyst
Binary fission
39. A form of external male pseudohermaphroditism - characterized by the lack of androgen receptors in the external genitalia: these individuals have testes - but the body and the external genitalia are female. They typically have a rudimentary vagina -
alpha cells
testicular feminization
lactase
microfilaments
40. This multiprotein complex in the ETC catalyzes the transfer of the electrons to oxygen
acrosome
cytochrome oxidase
antigen binding site
torpor
41. Red blood cells - or RBCs. most numerous of the three types of formed elements present inour blood. Sacs of hemoglobin molecules that transport the bulk of oxygen carried in the blood - as well as a small percentage of the carbon dioxide. 4-6 million
vagus nerve
erythrocytes
myosin
plasma
42. An iron - containing protein that is a component of electron transport chains in the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells and the plasma membranes of prokaryotic cells
first messengers
exoskeleton
competitive inhibition
cytochromes
43. An enzyme complex in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion and the thylakoid membrane of a chloroplast that catalyzes the formation of ATP.
apoptosis
Secondary structure
ATP synthetase
deuterstomes
44. A lymphocyte - like cell that develops from a B lymphocyte in reaction to a specific antigen - Lymphoid cell that secretes an antibody and originates from B lymphocytes
exon
antigen binding site
plasma cell
sarcolemma
45. A type of glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex. It converts amino acids to glucose - helps to breakdown fats to fatty acids. Decreases glucose uptake by the muscles and increases blood sugar in response to stress. Strong anti - inflammatory
exocytosis
light chains
all or none response
cortisol
46. The smallest branches that the bronchi divide into. Considering the amount of cartilaginous reinforcements in the walls decreases as the size decreases - these have an increasing amount of smooth muscle the smaller they become
proton gradient
bronchioles
hypertonic
ATPase
47. Spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes. The chromosomes then line up across the center of the cell.
cardiac muscle
Primary structure
lymphokines
metaphase I
48. A compound - such as hemoglobin - made up of a protein molecule and a nonprotein prosthetic group.
metaphase
Conjugated protein
NAD
cotransport
49. Series of anaerobic chemical reactions in which pyruvic acid uses NADH to form lactic acid and NAD+ - which is then used in glycolysis; supplies energy when oxygen for aerobic respiration is scarce
rRNA
lactic acid fermentation
sarcoplasm
lymph nodes
50. Holds membrane bound vesicle full of neurotransmitters
polar body
nerve terminal
bowmans capsule
fibrinogen