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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth of Graafian follicles in female mammals - and activates sperm - forming cells in male mammals






2. The third phase of the ovarian cycle - during which a corpus luteum is formed from the remnants of the follicle that has ovulated its oocyte. The corpus luteum secretes progestrone and estrogen during this time period - which typically lasts from day






3. Inhibits gastric glands - stimulates pancreas to release enzymes - stimulates GB to release bile






4. Development of the nervous system






5. Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration.






6. The coupling of the 'downhill' diffusion of one substance to the 'uphill' transport of another against its own concentration gradient






7. The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out






8. (anatomy) a muscular partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities






9. The influence of a specific group of cells on the differentiation of another group of cells






10. The third phase of meiosis I. During anaphase I the rplicated homologous chromosomes are separated (the tetrad is split) and pulled to opposite sides of the cell.






11. An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ADP to ATP as a result of a series of events that occur in and around a membrane. in prokaryotes it is in the cell membrane and in eukaryotes it is in the mitochondrial membrane






12. The organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation






13. Contraction of diaphragm and the intercostal muscles - increasing thoracic volume - reducing pressure in the intrapleural space creating a vacuum that causes the lungs to suck in air - as well as draw in blood from the rest of the body (particularly






14. Tissue that connects muscle to bone






15. Produced by the thymus gland during childhood - this hormone stimulates T- lymphocyte development and differentiation.






16. A group of bioactive - hormone - like chemicals derived from fatty acids that have a wide variety of biological effects including roles in inflammation - platelet aggregation - vascular smooth muscle dilation and constriction - cell growth - protecti






17. The more superficial layer of the dermis in which dermal papillae project into the epidermis; areolar connective tissue






18. An artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal glands and ureters






19. (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA






20. A cell of the gastric glands that secretes pepsinogen (breaks down protein) and gastric lypase






21. Hormone released by the hypothalamus that controls the release of thyroid - stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary






22. A mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes






23. Clusters of endocrine cells that secrete two hormones directly into the circulatory system. Each islet has a population of alpha cells - which secrete the peptide hormone glucagons - and a population of beta cells - which secrete the hormone insulin.






24. The production - growth - and maturation of an egg - or ovum






25. Source: Adrenal cortex - Target Tissues: Kidneys - Function: Raise blood volume - bp - and salts in blood - Stimulus to release: low bp - blood volume - or low salt concentration - Regulated: Negative feedback - ANF hypothalamus hierarchy






26. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.






27. Assist in proper folding and transport of polypeptides across the ER - Golgi and beyond. Some are constantly synthesized - others are only synthesized by STRESS (heat shock proteins). If the folding is not successful - then the chaperones facilitate






28. A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution






29. The cells powerhouse - turning food into energy - it's where cellular respiration takes place. (Harvesting chemical energy). Bound by an outer and inner membrane phospholipid bilayer membrane.






30. Hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones in synovial joints






31. The substance acted upon by an enzyme or ferment






32. A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon. the action potential is generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane






33. Nostrils which open into the nasal cavity; where air enters the respiratory system.






34. The stage in mitosis or meiosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate of the spindle






35. The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum






36. Generalized edema with accumulation of serum in subcutaneous connective tissue






37. Small organic molecule that regulates the activity of an enzyme for: Neither the substrate or immediate product / Binds to one of the two forms of the enzyme / Binds at allosteric site (regulatory site) / Distinct from the active site: Stabilizes enz






38. Thin - walled microscopic air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place






39. Holds fluid which lubricates joints and decreases friction between joints.






40. The organelle where ribosomes are made - synthesized and partially assembled - located in the nucleus






41. Stimulates and sustains a woman's milk production following the birth of an infant






42. In this time during cleavage the morula (solid ball of embryonic cells) becomes the blastula (blastocyst in mammals). Implants in the uterine wall during this time.






43. The portion of the nephron where water reabsorption is regulated via antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Several nephrons empty into each collecting duct - and this is the final region through which urine must passon its way to the ureter.






44. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle has the property of flexing without nervous stimulation called...






45. Activated in the duodenum by enterokinase - which is produced in the cells lining the duodenum






46. A muscle that contracts without conscious control and found in walls of internal organs such as stomach and intestine and bladder and blood vessels (excluding the heart)






47. Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis






48. An enzyme which contains a region to which small regulatory molecules may bind in addition to and separate from the substrate binding site - thereby affecting catalytic activity






49. A type of protein filament that interacts with actin filaments to cause cell contraction.






50. Precursor of the digestive enzyme chymotrypsin. comes from the acinar cells in the pancreas and is activated by autocatalysis or by trypsin (the active form of trypsinogen)