Test your basic knowledge |

MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females have it - but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty






2. The increase in concentration of solutes from the cortex to the medulla - allows for urine hypertonicity






3. The valves in the heart that separte the atria from teh ventricles. The tricuspid valve separates teh right atrium from the right ventricel - and the bicuspid (mitral) valves separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. These valves close at th






4. A solid ball of cells that makes up an embryo; in humans - this stage occurs within four days of fertilization.






5. Hormone that is released from the posterior pituitary in response to nerve impulses. This causes the distal and collecting tubules of the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urinary filtrate.






6. Hormone that increases the reabsorption of water by nephrons - Hormone that is released from the posterior pituitary in response to nerve impulses. This causes the distal and collecting tabules of the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urinary f






7. The part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands






8. SPerm discharges hydrolytic enzymes from acrosome - enzymes dissolve egg jelly coat - and acrosomal process adheres to binding receptors on egg surface.






9. The inactive form of pepsin that is first secreted by specialized (chief) cells located in gastric pits of the stomach.






10. Process by which a liquid or gas passes through a filter to remove wastes






11. Relatively massive bundles of subunits composed of the protein myosin that can reach 15nm in diameter






12. A valve in the heart that guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle






13. Maximum enzyme functioning velocity Decreases w/non competitive inhibitors






14. Proteins that contribute to cell recognition and adhesion.






15. The process of cytokinesis in animal cells - characterized by pinching of the plasma membrane; specifically - the succession of rapid cell divisions without growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cells.






16. They way in which DNA base pairs are arranged






17. During this time - calcium ions are actively transported back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum - myosin - binding sites are covered by tropomyosin - myosin heads detach from actin - and tension in the muscle fiber decreases






18. The center in the medulla oblongata and pons that integrates sensory information about the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and determines the signals to be sent to the respiratory muscles






19. Mature cells - develop from osteoblasts - control day- to - day activities (each occupies a lacuna - a pocket sandwiched between layers of matrix






20. The loop of the nephron that dips downward into the renal medulla. The loop of Henle sets up a concentration gradient in the kidney such that from the cortex to the renal pelvis osmolarity increases. The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permea






21. The sum total of all processes in an organism Which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks.






22. 1) is the 3rd deepest layer of the epidermis 2) Consists of 3-5 layers (only one layer in thin skin) of flattened - dying cells that show signs of nuclear degeneration. 3) The cytoplasm of the cells contain numerous fine grains of Keratohylin Granule






23. A compound - such as hemoglobin - made up of a protein molecule and a nonprotein prosthetic group.






24. Accounts for 2/3 of the weight of bone; formed when calcium phosphate interacts with calcium hydroxide






25. A globular protein that links into chains - two of which twist helically about each other - forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells.






26. The organelle where ribosomes are made - synthesized and partially assembled - located in the nucleus






27. The brain's sensory switchboard - located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla






28. Identical twins formed when one zygote splits into two separate masses of cells - each of which develops into a separate embryo






29. A long - muscular tube that begins at teh mouth and includes the mouth - pharynx - esophagus - stomcah - small intestine - large intestine - and anus






30. Hemolytic disease in the newborn caused by a blood groop (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus






31. The influence of a specific group of cells on the differentiation of another group of cells






32. A type of RNA - synthesized from DNA - that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein; also called messenger RNA.






33. The process by which the positive and negative ions of an ionic solid become surrounded by solvent molecules






34. Lighter - less strong bone that is found in the ends and inner portions of long bones; also called spongy bone






35. Head of the sperm that releases hydrolytic enzymes allowing it to enter the egg






36. Lacking affinity for water






37. Contraction of diaphragm and the intercostal muscles - increasing thoracic volume - reducing pressure in the intrapleural space creating a vacuum that causes the lungs to suck in air - as well as draw in blood from the rest of the body (particularly






38. A mixed nerve that supplies the pharynx and larynx and lungs and heart and esophagus and stomach and most of the abdominal viscera






39. One of the main pancreatic proteases; it is activated (from chymotrypsinogen) by trypsin.






40. A muscle cell or gland cell that performs the body's responses to stimuli; responds to signals from the brain or other processing center of the nervous system.






41. Very long organic compounds made up of carbon - hydrogen - nitrogen - and phosphurous - contain instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life. Nucleotides are formed by phosphodiester bonds.






42. Is a swelling of the axial terminal - The presynaptic swelling of the axon terminal From which neural messages travel across synaptic cleft to other neurons






43. A type of embryonic development in protostomes that rigidly casts the developmental fate of each embryonic cell very early






44. The elastic tension of living muscles - arteries - etc. that facilitate response to stimuli






45. Hairlike structures with the capacity for movement - short structures projecting from a cell and containing bundles of microtubules that move a cell through its surroundings or move fluid over the cell's surface






46. Abnormal loss of bony tissue resulting in fragile porous bones attributable to a lack of calcium






47. A band of cells along the border where the neural tube pinches off from the ectoderm; the cells migrate to various parts of the embryo and form the pigment cells in the skin - bones of the skull - the teeth - the adrenal glands - and parts of the per






48. The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron






49. A tube of cells running along the dorsal axis of the body - just dorsal to the notochord. It will give rise to the central nervous system.






50. White blood cells - or WBC - form in the bone marrow and are part of the body's nonspecific defenses and the immune system