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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Small network of capillaries encased in the upper end of a nephron; where the filtration of blood takes place
glomerulus
ectoderm
homologous chromosomes
thalamus
2. A type of embryonic development in deuterostomes - in which each cell produced by early cleavage divisions retains the capacity to develop into a complete embryo.
holoenzyme
parthogenesis
meiosis
indeterminate cleavage
3. Organic process consisting of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell following karyokinesis bringing about the separation into two daughter cells
parasympathetic nervous system
epithelial tissue
cytokinesis
cortical reaction
4. Membranous tissue covering internal organs and other internal surfaces of the body. Covers the surface of the body.
epithelial tissue
somatic cell
cytoskeleton
adrenal glands
5. Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix
lamellae
ascending limb
prothrombin
vagus nerve
6. Amino acids that an animal cannot synthesize itself and must be obtained from food. Eight of these are essential in the human adult.
bile
gametocytes
fertilization membrane
essential amino acids
7. (Fast twitch fibers) Contain less myoglobin and fewer mitochondria and have a greater contraction rate - but fatigue more easily. - no myoglobin - fast twitch fibers - fatigue easily - lots of glycogen
S phase
white fibers
thoracic cavity
tubulins
8. Secreted by the anterior pituitary. It is a general metabolic hormone that plays an important role in determining body size. It affects many tissues of the body; however its major effects are on the growth of muscle and the long bones of the body.
buffers
ligaments
pancreas
GH
9. One of the two glands in the male reproductive system that add fluid to the semen during ejaculation
bulbourethral gland
IgE
red fibers
dissociation curve
10. Lines the surface of the lung and follows the contours of the lung itself
proximal end
adenylate cyclase
glucocorticoids
visceral pleura
11. Substances formed by the joining of elements through chemical bonding. every molecule of a compound is the same.
hypophyseal portal system
spongy bone
vasa recta
compounds
12. When comparing two solutions - the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
metaphase
hypertonic
creatine phosphate
white fibers
13. Given to control diabetes insipidus and promote reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules.
lymph nodes
oncotic pressure
testosterone
vasopressin
14. A skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint
sertoli cells
flexor
adrenal glands
binary fission
15. Predominantly photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms containing a blue pigment in addition to chlorophyll.
pyruvate decarboxylation
hromosome replication
expiratory reserve volume
cyanobacteria
16. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule
signal transduction
mRNA
PKU
pepsinogen
17. Immunoglobulin. Less than 3%. Found only as a receptor on B cell membrane - Doesn't allow antigens to get into the body - Not secreted - stays attached to B cell
secondary response
macrophages
IgD
Eicosanoid
18. 1) is the 2nd and deepest layer of the dermis. 2) Compose of Dense Irregular CT. 3) Contains interlacing Collagen and Elastic Fibers. 4) Is packed with oil glands - sweat gland ducts - fat - and hair follicles. 5) It provides strength - extensibility
reticular layer
thrombin
visceral pleura
sarcoplasm
19. A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles
external intercostal muscles
electron transfer
apoenzyme
periosteum
20. Adaptive immune response directed at antigenic components of the persons own body
autoimmune response
FMN
telomeres
HCl
21. Part of the adrenal gland that produces three major groups of steroid hormones called corticosteroids.
Solvation
ADH
adrenal cortex
ATP
22. An energy carrier that transport less energy than NADH but more than ATP
hypodermis
homeotherm
cytosol
FADH
23. The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
budding
prophase
synapse
chaperones
24. Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the bloodstream when the kidneys no longer function
dialysis
afferent arteriole
phophodiesterase
adrenal cortex
25. The innermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; lines the archenteron and gives rise to the liver - pancreas - lungs - and the lining of the digestive tract
tubulins
high energy bonds
ejaculatory duct
endoderm
26. Dynamic tissue undergoing constant remodeling due to internal and external forces - weight bearing and muscle contraction encourages stronger bone - limited or non - weight bearing and bed rest decrease bone strength
sucrase
Terpene
Dehydration synthesis
bone remodeling
27. A bodily defense reaction that recognizes an invading substance (an antigen: such as a virus or fungus or bacteria or transplanted organ) and produces antibodies specific against that antigen
immune response
nucleotides
ptyalin
amino acid residue
28. The increase in concentration of solutes from the cortex to the medulla - allows for urine hypertonicity
osmolarity gradient
ADH
Hcg
white fibers
29. The organic process in which the substance of some differentiated structure that has been produced by the body undergoes lysis and assimilation
reabsorption
ubiquinone
cell division
neurulation
30. A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells
tonus
epidermis
thalamus
gap junction
31. The endoderm - lined cavity - formed during gastrulation - that develops into the digestive tract of an animal.
chaperonins
zona pellucida
archenteron
noncompetitive inhibition
32. The cluster of cells inside the blastocyst that eventually develops into the embryo and some of the membranes that surround a mammalian embryo and fetus.
vital capacity
inner cell mass
Nucleic acids
IgM
33. A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles.
hypercapnia
chondrocytes
bile
fallopian tube
34. The outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a virus
capsid
regeneration
anaphase II
umbilical vein
35. Produce about 60% of seminal fluid - these are located at the posterior wall of the urinary bladder close to the terminus of the ductus deferens. They produce a substance that nourishes the sperm passing through the tract or that promote the fertiliz
thromboplastin
erythrocytes
seminal vesicles
FADH
36. A measuring instrument for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs
endochondral ossification
synovial fluid
plasmid
spirometer
37. Package of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat that must use a host cell's machinery to reproduce itself. are not considered living cells.
osteoporosis
spindle fibers
beta cells
virus
38. A class of fatty acids that regulate blood vessel vasodilation - temperature elevation - WBC activation - and other physiologic processes involved in immunity.
Eicosanoid
collagen
reversible reaction
melanocyte
39. Condition of hypersecretion of the thyroid gland characterized by exophthalmia - tachycardia - goiter - and tumor
cell cycle
pyloric sphincter
hyperthyroidism
yolk sac
40. Gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts
exocrine glands
disulfide linkages
chorion
A band
41. Made of microtubules and as the centrosomes seperate they radiate in preperation for metaphase
spindle apparatus
dense connective tissue
amylose
spindle fibers
42. Weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in pH
proteome
oxidation
buffers
beta cells
43. The portion of the nephron where water reabsorption is regulated via antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Several nephrons empty into each collecting duct - and this is the final region through which urine must passon its way to the ureter.
peroxisomes
collecting duct
anaphase
thin filaments
44. A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon. the action potential is generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane
beta cells
action potential
spermatogenesis
periosteum
45. Comes in at a site other than active site but alters shape of enzyme so it can no longer bind reactants
anaphase
chondrin
flexor
noncompetitive inhibition
46. Volume of blood pumped by one ventricle per minute; stroke volume x heart rate
diastole
neurulation
Protein
cardiac output
47. A cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte - stimulating hormone
melanocyte
feedback inhibition
Lysosomes
mitral valve
48. The final stage of mitosis or meiosis - during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
alpha helix
proteome
Telophase
I band
49. White blood cells - or WBC - form in the bone marrow and are part of the body's nonspecific defenses and the immune system
telomeres
leukocytes
cell division
DNA polymerase
50. An enzyme complex in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion and the thylakoid membrane of a chloroplast that catalyzes the formation of ATP.
alimentary canal
threshold value
ATP synthetase
oncotic pressure