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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Biology 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids
high energy bonds
Chylomicrons
humoral immunity
ejaculatory duct
2. Fine - collagenous fibers whose networks surround and support the soft tissue of organs - and stabilize the positions of functional cells
Rh factor
thyroxine
reticular fibers
frequency summation
3. Growth - stimulating hormone produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
receptor mediated endocytosis
synapsis
movable joints
somatotropin
4. The digestive secretion of the pancreas containing sodium bicarbonate - amylase - proteases - and lipases
pancreatic juice
cytokinesis
intrapleural space
sertoli cells
5. Found in pancreatic juice pancreatic amylase; secreted by pancreatic acinar cells; process proteins: terminal amino acids at carboxyl end of peptides
carboxypeptidase
hyperthyroidism
allosteric inhibitor
ileum
6. Occurs across the placenta - fetal lungs do not become functional until birth.
Hcg
transcription
fetal gas exchange
renin
7. The second of two major stages in photosynthesis (following the light reactions) - involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of the fixed carbon into carbohydrate.
calvin cycle
Hcg
Eukaryotes
nucleolus
8. A cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair
riacylglycerols
Haploid cell
small intestine
cytotoxic T cells
9. The class of immunoglobulin having
IgM
adrenal cortex
endocrine glands
translation
10. A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds - thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.
osteoblasts
dsRNA
Saturated fatty acids
Mitotic phase
11. Encloses the cell and is composed of a phospholipid bilayer.
absolute refractory period
H band
carboxyhemoglobin
Cell membrane
12. The second phase of meiosis II. Metaphase II is identical to mitotic metaphase - except that the number of chromosomes was reduced by half during meiosis I.
metaphase II
androgens
universal donor
Glycosylation
13. Tiny passageways interconnecting the lacunae/osteocytes with the blood vessels - nerves - etc. in the Haversain Canal of an Haversian System
allosteric enzyme
canliculi
PTH
first messengers
14. This part of the pituitary does not produce hormones - but stores and releases oxytocin and ADH.
posterior pituitary
antigen binding site
Nervous Tissue
synovial fluid
15. Stage of the cell cycle when a cell is actively dividing - the part of the cell cycle when mitosis divides the nucleus and distributes its chromosomes to the daughter nuclei and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm - producing two daughter cells.
Mitotic phase
spindle fibers
Eicosanoid
desmosomes
16. Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis
duodenum
myosin
pyruvate
maltase
17. Gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum - where it mixes with bile to digest food
cell adhesion proteins
ectoderm
glucagon
pancreas
18. Converted in the lung capillaries from angiotensin I; stimulates production of alderostone in the adrenal cortex
angiotensin II
Primary structure
atrioventricular node
3
19. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.
interferons
functional groups
antigen binding site
intracellular digestion
20. Concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix
acid
lamellae
chiasmata
elastic fibers
21. (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA
transcription
binary fission
ed blood cells
bronchioles
22. A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution
epidermis
seminal fluid
hypertonic solution
centrisomes
23. Enlarged vein from junctions of all cardiac veins which empty into the right atrium
homoeostasis
Cellulose
metaphase II
coronary sinus
24. Last part of the renal tubule; where secretion of ions - acids - drugs - and toxins takes place - Between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct; Selective reabsorption and secretion occur here - most notably to regulate reabsorption of water and
rRNA
distal convoluted tubule
protostomes
negative pressure breathing
25. An immune system B cell or T cell that does not respond the first time that it meets with an antigen or an invading cell but that recognizes and attacks the antigen or invading cell during subsequent infections
memory cell
riacylglycerols
lymphocytes
testicular feminization
26. Tissue that connects muscle to bone
chemical digestion
sarcomeres
allosteric inhibitor
tendons
27. Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. They synthesize and secrete the hormone INSULIN - which lowers glucose levels in the blood
sertoli cells
cytokinesis
beta cells
spermatozoa
28. Genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together in genetic crosses
linked genes
androgens
A band
amylopectin
29. Each enzyme catalyzes only one kind of reaction
tropomyosin
enzyme specificity
ileum
anaphase
30. Any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes - thus producing an immune response
cell mediated immunity
antibody
electron transfer
budding
31. A blood protein essential to blood clotting. The conversion of fibrinogen to its active form (fibrin) is among the final steps in clot formation - and is triggered by thrombin.
islets of langerhans
expiratory reserve volume
hypophyseal portal system
fibrinogen
32. Noradrenaline; chemical which is excitatory - similar to adrenaline - and affects arousal and memory; raises blood pressure by causing blood vessels to become constricted - but also carried by bloodstream to the anterior pituitary which relaxes ACTH
norepinephrine
zona pellucida
cortisol
anaphase
33. Break fats down into diglycerides - monoglycerides - and fatty acids - which are able pass through the plasma membrane of microvilli
prokaryotes
lipases
amino acid derived hormones
expiratory reserve volume
34. The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out
Fatty acids
Active immunity
troponin
exocytosis
35. Sarcomere region with thick filaments only - located in center of sacromere; myosin only; become smaller when contraction takes place.
H band
anasarca
norepinephrine
alveoli
36. Is a second messenger important in many biological processes. is derived from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms - conveying the cAMP- dependent pathway.
Facilitated diffusion
gestation
hepatic portal vein
cAMP
37. The mucous membrane that lines the inner wall of the uterus
prophase I
immune response
deuterstomes
endometrium
38. Finger - like projections that increase the surface area and increase absorption
villi
Saturated fatty acids
ETS
basement membrane
39. Polypeptide chains that contribute to the structure of an antibody. Two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains - joined by disulfide bridges - form a Y- shaped antibody molecule.
light chains
bacteriophage
heterotrophic
enzyme kinetics
40. A coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid
supierior vena cava
IgA
NAD
synaptic bouton
41. The passage to the stomach and lungs
pharynx
sympathetic nervous system
flagella
secondary response
42. A spiral shape constituting one form of the secondary structure of proteins - arising from a specific hydrogen - bonding structure.
reduction
lymphatic system
alpha helix
ovum
43. The small artery that carries blood away from the capillaries of the glomerulus.
endocrine glands
translation
aorta
efferent arteriole
44. The fourth of meiosis I. Telophase I is identical to mitotic telophase - except that the number of chromosoms is now reduced by half. After this phase the cell is considered to be haploid. Note however - that the chromosomes are still replicated - an
telophase I
spermatids
enzyme kinetics
dialysis
45. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule
allantois
signal transduction
snRNP
centrioles
46. First and longest phase of mitosis - during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
Fatty acids
osteons
prophase
macrophages
47. A thin layer of cells that line the interior surface of the blood vessels - forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. Simple squamous epithelium.
IgM
B cell
cell mediated immunity
endothelial cell
48. Corticotropin releasing factor; secreted by hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland and activated adrenal gland and then get the release of corisol as part of the 'stress response'
pancreatic juice
CRF
glycolytic pathway
Vmax
49. Diploid cells resultinf rom the activation of a spermatogoium; primary spermatocytes are ready to enter meiosis I. remember: cyte means ready to undergo meiosis.
hypodermis
epithelial tissue
primary spermatocytes
binary fission
50. Found within the lymph nodes - they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria - cancer cells - and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream.
macrophages
Cell membrane
Unsaturated fatty acid
Connective tissue