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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Head of the sperm that releases hydrolytic enzymes allowing it to enter the egg






2. Any of a group of compounds that are inactive precursors of enzymes and require some change (such as the hydrolysis of a fragment that masks an active enzyme) to become active






3. Hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that can suppress secretion of hormones by the anterior pituitary






4. The compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the Krebs cycle.






5. A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles.






6. The outer portion of the kidney containing bownam's capsule - proximal - distal convoluted tubules - and associated blood vessels.






7. 4th and last phase of mitosis - the 2 sets of chromosomes arrive at opposite ends of the cell and new nuclei form around each new set






8. A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.






9. Area of prokaryotic cells where the DNA is concentrated.






10. Promote the action of the killer T cells and play key roles in humoral immunity and nonspecific defense. All other T cells are involved in cellular immunity only






11. The joining of food vacuoles and lysosomes to allow chemical digestion to occur within the cytoplasm of a cell.






12. The protective skin pigment responsible for the tan - brown - or black color of human skin; produced in abundance upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation






13. An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose






14. Another term for R- group; variable grp of an amino acid that differs w/ each and determines the unique characteristics of a particular amino acid. also attached to the alpha carbon.






15. The most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females have it - but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty






16. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.






17. A chemical process in which a compound is broken down and changed into other compounds by taking up the elements of water. Breaks apart most macromolecules of living cells.






18. Lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for humoral immunity






19. Time between application of a stimulus and the beginning of a response in a muscle fiber






20. The most abundant type of RNA - which together with proteins froms the structure of ribosomes. Ribosomes coordinate the sequential coupling of tRNA molecules to mRNA codons; also called ribosomal RNA.






21. One of the two glands in the male reproductive system that add fluid to the semen during ejaculation






22. The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction reduced by enzymes.






23. Respiration in the absence of sufficient oxygen leads to a build up of lactic acid that has to be cleared when sufficient oxygen is available.






24. This multiprotein complex in the ETC catalyzes the transfer of the electrons to oxygen






25. Tiny hair - like projections of the cytoplasmic membrane located only in the small intestine to facilitate absorption by increasing surface area.






26. The immune reaction that occurs the first time a person is exposed to a particular antigen. protective antibodies appear about 3-6 days while naive B cells multiply and differentiate into plasma cells. causes the level in the blood plasma to rise. Ig






27. A gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth of Graafian follicles in female mammals - and activates sperm - forming cells in male mammals






28. Building blocks of lipids. - chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms. Typically there is an even number of carbons with the maximum in humans being 24. Can be saturated or unsaturated.






29. A neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs eating - drinking - body temperature; helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland - and is linked to emotion






30. Bone marrow that is yellow with fat; found at the ends of long bones in adults






31. The small artery that carries blood toward the capillaries of the glomerulus.






32. Person with type AB blood who can recieve any blood because it has no antibodies






33. The increase in concentration of solutes from the cortex to the medulla - allows for urine hypertonicity






34. The innermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; lines the archenteron and gives rise to the liver - pancreas - lungs - and the lining of the digestive tract






35. All of the types and relative amounts of proteins that are made in a particular cell at a particular time and under specific conditions






36. The part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands






37. After completing meiosis I - these are produced along with a polar body and are released into the fallopian tube.






38. Synthesis of lipids - phospholipids and steroid sex hormones - help detoxify drugs and poisons (liver cells) involves adding hydroxyl groups to drugs to make soluble and easier to flush from body. - That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is f






39. The outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates






40. Rapid antibody production that occurs following re - exposure to the antigen. IgG is the predominant antibody produced during this.






41. Muscles having similar and mutualistic functions.






42. A period between two mitotic or meiotic divisions during which the cell grows - copies its DNA - and synthesizes proteins






43. Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes - that have the same structured - and that pair during meisosis






44. An artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal glands and ureters






45. Small network of capillaries encased in the upper end of a nephron; where the filtration of blood takes place






46. Membranous tissue covering internal organs and other internal surfaces of the body. Covers the surface of the body.






47. A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.






48. A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon. the action potential is generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane






49. Space between the two membranes - visceral pleura and parietal pleura - that cover the lungs.






50. A virus that is parasitic in bacteria. injects its nucleic acid into a bacterial cell.