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MCAT Biology 2

Subjects : mcat, science
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The digestive secretion of the pancreas containing sodium bicarbonate - amylase - proteases - and lipases






2. Triggering a chain reaction of othe proteins which relay the signal to the specific acting molecule






3. Stack of membranes in the cell that modifies - sorts - and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. Recieves vesicles and their contents from smooth ER.






4. The maximal volume of air that the lungs can contain. Total lung capacity is the sum of the vital capacity and the residual volume - and is typically about 6000 mL (6L).






5. Inhibits gastric glands - stimulates pancreas to release enzymes - stimulates GB to release bile






6. The maximum pressure that could develop in a solution when it is separated from pure water by a selectively permeable membrane






7. Maximum enzyme functioning velocity Decreases w/non competitive inhibitors






8. A vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus.






9. (anatomy) a muscular partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities






10. Simplest starch which is a long unbranching chain of glucose molecules has the same alpha linkages as glycogen






11. The neurotransmitters dopamine - epinephrine - and norepinephrine - which are active in both the brain and the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. These three molecules have certain structural similarities and are part of a larger class of neurotr






12. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle has the property of flexing without nervous stimulation called...






13. Respond to water - soluble and lipid - soluble substances that are dissolved in the surrounding fluid. They monitor the chemical composition of body fluids






14. Set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes






15. The portion of the nephron where water reabsorption is regulated via antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Several nephrons empty into each collecting duct - and this is the final region through which urine must passon its way to the ureter.






16. Anaerobic ATP- forming pathway. Pyruvate from glycolysis is degraded to acetaldehyde - which accepts electrons from NADH to form ethanol; NAD+ needed for the reactions is regenerated. Net yield: 2 ATP.






17. A lymphocyte - like cell that develops from a B lymphocyte in reaction to a specific antigen - Lymphoid cell that secretes an antibody and originates from B lymphocytes






18. One of the main pancreatic proteases; it is activated (from chymotrypsinogen) by trypsin.






19. First section of the renal tubule that the blood flows through; reabsorption of water - ions - and all organic nutrients






20. The center in the medulla oblongata and pons that integrates sensory information about the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and determines the signals to be sent to the respiratory muscles






21. The female gonads - paired almond - sized organs located in the pelvic cavity - and produce two steroid hormone groups the estrogns and pregesterone. The endocrine and exocrine functions do not begin until the onset of puberty.






22. A type of RNA - synthesized from DNA - that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein; also called messenger RNA.






23. Given to control diabetes insipidus and promote reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules.






24. The mucous membrane that lines the inner wall of the uterus






25. For very fatty foods - the duodenum releases this hormone to slow down the release of chyme by the stomach. (Fats take longer to digest).






26. Produce about 60% of seminal fluid - these are located at the posterior wall of the urinary bladder close to the terminus of the ductus deferens. They produce a substance that nourishes the sperm passing through the tract or that promote the fertiliz






27. Veins in the neck that return blood from the head






28. The model of the enzyme that shows the substrate binding to the active site and the active site altering slightly is the






29. An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose






30. An enzyme liberated from blood platelets that converts prothrombin into thrombin as blood starts to clot






31. Connects the left and right atria - allowing blood to flow directly from the right to the left side of the heart






32. Any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells. Built from a chain of amino acids linked polypeptide bonds.






33. The period during which an embryo develops (about 266 days in humans)






34. A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.






35. Specialized lymphatic capillaries in the intestines that take up lipids as well as lymph.






36. Compounds made of a metal and nonmetal that are formed when acids and bases react






37. Membranous tissue covering internal organs and other internal surfaces of the body. Covers the surface of the body.






38. Also called the birth canal - canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix that receives the penis in intercourse






39. The maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inspiration. It is equal to the inspiratory reserve volume plus the tidal volume plus the expiratory reserve volume.






40. Small rings of DNA consisting of a few genes. They replicate independently of the main chromosome and often contain genes that allow the cell to survive adverse conditions






41. The pyruvate from glycolysis either is used in biosynthesis or it is oxidized into acetyl coenzyme A. CoA enters this cyclic catabolic pathway. This cycle forms more precursor metabolites - ATP by substrate - level phosphorylation - NAD(P)H - and car






42. The two upper chambers of the heart - the receiving areas that pool incoming blood.






43. Precursor of the digestive enzyme chymotrypsin. comes from the acinar cells in the pancreas and is activated by autocatalysis or by trypsin (the active form of trypsinogen)






44. In this time during cleavage the morula (solid ball of embryonic cells) becomes the blastula (blastocyst in mammals). Implants in the uterine wall during this time.






45. Two or more polypeptide chains due to interactions of side chains involved in hydrophobic interactions - ionic bonds - hydrogen bonds - and disulfide bridges.can include non amino acid unit. Ex- Fe






46. Glucocorticoid hormone that is isolated from the adrenal cortex; used as an anti - inflammatory agent






47. The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.






48. (Slow twitch fibers) have a high myoglobin content and many mitochondria. Aerobic respiration and are capable of sustained and vigorous activity.






49. The body system that consists of the heart - blood vessels - and blood - and that carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells






50. A muscle that is connected at either or both ends to a bone and so move parts of the skeleton