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Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Genus and species
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
bubonic plague
whooping cough

2. Mallory bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
Brody's abcess
Influenza
hepatitis associated with alcoholism

3. When examining the agar plate - describe the colony variation (morphology)
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)

4. Transduction
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
bloody transfusions
PDD = purified protein derivative - Type IV (Delayed hypersensitivity reaction) - Ziehl Neilson staining (shows acid fast) - chest x-ray john complex

5. Hepatitis B
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
Catalase

6. Hasteurellis
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell - heat stable - gram (-) have these
eastern equine encephalitis
old name

7. Semmelweiss
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
C5B - C9
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop

8. Hepatitis C
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
PDD = purified protein derivative - Type IV (Delayed hypersensitivity reaction) - Ziehl Neilson staining (shows acid fast) - chest x-ray john complex
bloody transfusions
for staph

9. Antitoxin
McCallums Patch
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
for gram negative - competes with PABA
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus

10. Salk
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis

11. Zoonosis
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
dysentery
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)

12. Peritrichus

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13. Leading cause of death in adults in the US
river blindness - flies - in Africa
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
organic material
Yellow fever

14. Cell conjugation
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin
In raw contaminated fish
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance

15. Wuchereria bancrofti
Dicks test
rheumatic fever
PDD = purified protein derivative - Type IV (Delayed hypersensitivity reaction) - Ziehl Neilson staining (shows acid fast) - chest x-ray john complex
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage

16. Sabin
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
gonorrhea
red pus
Live polio vaccine - given orally

17. IgE parasitic infections
red jelly sputum
red pus
rubella - rabies - Hep A
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)

18. Franciella
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage
In raw contaminated fish
whip worm ('whip those t's into shape) oral-fecal weight loss
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever

19. MRSA =
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment
single flagella on one pole
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now

20. Mycoplasm
salk - rabies
for staph
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
tertiary syphilis

21. What is the purpose of complement system?
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)

22. Herpes simplex
follows dermatome
atypical lymphocytes
Cranial nerve V pattern
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma

23. What do parasites eat?
proved bacteria 'causes' disease - Koch's 4 postulates
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC
eats off living organism
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever

24. Case control study
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
Identifies risk factors
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar

25. Salmonella
grown in candle jars culture
no T cells and no B cells
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop

26. Guarneri bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
small pox (variola)
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
Inflammation of parotids

27. Sterilization / autoclave
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
stain for mycobacteria
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions

28. Necator americanus
Brody's abcess
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
Hodgkin's

29. Lister
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
'both' flagella are on both poles

30. Scarlet fever ak
Injection of preformed antibodies - ie. tetanus antitoxin = pre-made antibody attacks circulating toxins - not bound toxins - tetanus antitoxin CANNOT cross blood brain barrier
strawberry tongue
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)

31. Silver nitrate

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32. Escherichia E.coli

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33. Anything ending in '-osis' is usually acquired to transmitted via the
DiGeorge's syndrome - (primary immune deficiency)
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
Identifies risk factors

34. What are the only Gram + organisms?
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
pinworm - anus-finger-mouth - scotch tape or anal cellophane - nocturnal anal itching - most common helminth in the US
1. find microorganism in people suffering from the disease 2. isolate and grow the microorganism in culture 3. should cause disease in a healthy individual when introduced 4. re-isolate microorganism from the inoculated people
145

35. Endotoxin
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell - heat stable - gram (-) have these
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic

36. Facultative
2 populations living together - both benefit and accomplish things that they can't do alone
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk

37. What separates staph from other staph?
eastern equine encephalitis
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus
Coagulase
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment

38. Weil Felix test
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
small pox (variola)

39. What is the #2 cause of impetigo?
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC
heterophile agglutinization (Paul Bunnel) - Downey cell (don't let mono get you down) - monospot
Strep pyogenes

40. Neurotoxin
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
Hodgkin's
mononucleosis
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm

41. Family and genus
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
Crayfish - mouth
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
for typhoid fever

42. What are extensive aschoff bodies?
polio
McCallums Patch
Controls FDA - CDC - US Public Health Services
2 populations living together - both benefit

43. Monotrichus
for staph
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
single flagella on one pole
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage

44. What will result if born without B cells at birth?

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45. Brucella
McCallums Patch
spontaneous abortion in cattle
for gram negative - competes with PABA
Dicks test

46. Clostridium tetani
Inflammation of parotids
Regulated health products to the public
no T cells and no B cells
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)

47. Paragonimus westermani in lung
Crayfish - mouth
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active
Brody's abcess
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)

48. Flasciolopsis buski in intestines
rheumatic fever
grown in candle jars culture
Categorizes streptococcus demonstrates the type of hemolysis (destruction of RBCs)
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants

49. Mannitol salt
tertiary syphilis
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
for staph

50. Yellow purulent
staph aureus
Goodpasteur
discovered penicillin
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)