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Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Natural passive immunity
Ascholi test
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA

2. Salk
eliminates placebo
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba

3. Pseudomonas
161
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis

4. Details of erysipelas

5. Encephalitis
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water
all spread by mosquitos
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
for staph

6. Guarneri bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
Dicks test
Influenza
strawberry tongue
small pox (variola)

7. Formaldehyde
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment
fix gross specimens
developed the first microscope - saw microorganisms
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)

8. Legionella
eliminates placebo
2 populations living together - one benefits - the other is unaffected
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source

9. Flemming
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
discovered penicillin
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)

10. Hepatitis B
Influenza
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
eats off living organism
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)

11. When examining the agar plate - describe the colony variation (morphology)
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
Chlamydia
eliminates placebo
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth

12. Burnet/Metchinkoff

13. Aka's for TB test
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test

14. Guillene-Barre
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
Controls FDA - CDC - US Public Health Services
2 populations living together - both benefit

15. Gohn complex are inclusion bodies associated with...

16. Colliform lab test checks for...
developed the first microscope - saw microorganisms
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water

17. Microareophilic reduced oxygen (ie high altitude plants)
Identifies risk factors
McCallums Patch
grown in candle jars culture
developed the first microscope - saw microorganisms

18. Yellow/green purulent
whip worm ('whip those t's into shape) oral-fecal weight loss
gonorrhea
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
Brody's abcess

19. Genus and species
Inflammation of parotids
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
for typhoid fever
negri inclusion bodies - bullet shaped - leads to hydrophobia (throat hurts - so don't want to drink water - this why dogs foam at the mouth)

20. Neurotoxin
Dicks test
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
1. find microorganism in people suffering from the disease 2. isolate and grow the microorganism in culture 3. should cause disease in a healthy individual when introduced 4. re-isolate microorganism from the inoculated people
2 populations living together - both benefit

21. Jenner
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
developed smallpox vaccine
PDD = purified protein derivative - Type IV (Delayed hypersensitivity reaction) - Ziehl Neilson staining (shows acid fast) - chest x-ray john complex

22. Zoonosis
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)

23. What do saprophytes eat?
eliminates placebo
dead/decaying material
161
TB (inactive phase) -calcium 'jail' around mycobacterium

24. Vibrio cholera

25. Epithelioid histiocytes are inclusion bodies associated with...
TB
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
DiGeorge's syndrome - (primary immune deficiency)

26. Toxoid vaccine
Dicks test
Made by big bone marrow - in blood and lymph system
161
Tetanus - botulism

27. Wuchereria bancrofti
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
C3B complement
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage
Coagulase

28. Yellow purulent
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever
staph aureus
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)

29. Transformation
direct uptake of free DNA
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
spread by food - self limiting
for typhoid fever

30. Inactivated vaccine
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
Helps IgG
salk - rabies

31. Councilman cells are inclusion bodies associated with...
parkinson's - aka paralysis agitans - shuffling / festering gait
no T cells and no B cells
viral hepatitis
small pox (variola)

32. Anything ending in '-osis' is usually acquired to transmitted via the
Measles - mumps vaccine
Monitors soil - air and water quality
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis

33. Interleukin III
145
Made by big bone marrow - in blood and lymph system
Canine feces - found in dogs - wolves and humans - hydatid cysts in live and lung
polio

34. Amphitrichus

35. White purulent
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
whooping cough
Brody's abcess
Chlamydia

36. Natural active immunity
Yellow fever
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US

37. Onchocerca volvulus
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
Classified streptococcus
river blindness - flies - in Africa
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth

38. Live attenuated vaccine
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin
follows dermatome
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response

39. Enterobius vermicularis
pinworm - anus-finger-mouth - scotch tape or anal cellophane - nocturnal anal itching - most common helminth in the US
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response

40. Interleukins
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis
developed the first microscope - saw microorganisms
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)

41. Rubeola
heterophile agglutinization (Paul Bunnel) - Downey cell (don't let mono get you down) - monospot
dysentery
Measles
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water

42. Escherichia E.coli

43. What will result if born without B cells at birth?

44. What will result if born without T cells?

45. Tetracycline
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
grown in candle jars culture
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris

46. Trichonella spiralis
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
2 populations living together - both benefit
red jelly sputum
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm

47. Coxiella
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
Chlamydia

48. Opsonin
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)
all spread by mosquitos
atypical lymphocytes
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment

49. Lipofuscin are inclusion bodies associated with...

50. Semmelweiss
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
no T cells and no B cells
eliminates placebo