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Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Toxoid vaccine
Tetanus - botulism
follows dermatome
heterophile agglutinization (Paul Bunnel) - Downey cell (don't let mono get you down) - monospot
Magic bullet - sulfa drugs - first treatment for syphilis

2. Wuchereria bancrofti
bloody transfusions
causes diarrhea
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage

3. What will result if born without B cells at birth?

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4. Reed sternberg are inclusion bodies associated with...

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5. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment
Live polio vaccine - given orally
staph aureus

6. Neurotoxin
Chlamydia
Does research - (not stats)
eats off living organism
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus

7. Koplik spots are inclusion bodies associated with...
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
measles (rubeola / red measles) - on buccal mucosa - white / bluish spots
Influenza
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)

8. When examining the agar plate - describe the colony variation (morphology)
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
viral hepatitis
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth

9. Lab test for scarlet fever
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
Dicks test
no T cells and no B cells

10. FDA
Regulated health products to the public
Inflammation of parotids
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)
145

11. What is the best test for water pollution?
small pox (variola)
pre-op disinfectant
In raw contaminated fish
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand

12. MRSA =
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
In raw contaminated fish
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)

13. Hypersensitivity reactions
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin

14. Herpes simplex virus type 1
for gram positive - inhibits cell wall synthesis
rabies and hydrophobia
for gram negative - competes with PABA
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus

15. Colliform lab test checks for...
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
Coagulase
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water

16. Leptospira

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17. Gummas are inclusion bodies associated with...
river blindness - flies - in Africa
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
tertiary syphilis
Ascholi test

18. MHC
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
2 populations living together - both benefit and accomplish things that they can't do alone
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection

19. Cell conjugation
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
hemorrhagic jaundice - aka Wheel's disease
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid

20. Yersinia pestis
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
2 populations living together - both benefit
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)
bubonic plague

21. Hasteurellis
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection
old name
Affects mitral valve (aka ashkov bodies) - Can = carditis - Sammy = syndenham's chorea - Suck = subcutaneous nodule - Ethyl's = Erythema marginatum - Polyps = migratory Polyarthritis
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown

22. Vibrio cholera

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23. Herpes zoster
follows dermatome
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC
staph aureus
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact

24. Secondary water purification process
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active

25. Necator americanus
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
atypical lymphocytes

26. Loa Loa
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
measles (rubeola / red measles) - on buccal mucosa - white / bluish spots
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
McCallums Patch

27. Primary water purification process
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
Measles - mumps vaccine
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact

28. NIH
Strep pyogenes
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus
Does research - (not stats)
developed smallpox vaccine

29. Facultative
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
Influenza
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
Monitors soil - air and water quality

30. Tuberculosis test
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung

31. Inactivated vaccine
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
salk - rabies
dead/decaying material

32. Sabin
Live polio vaccine - given orally
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)
single flagella on one pole

33. Enterotoxin
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody
heterophile agglutinization (Paul Bunnel) - Downey cell (don't let mono get you down) - monospot
red pus
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic

34. Lancefield - Rebecca
bloody transfusions
Classified streptococcus
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
2 populations living together - both benefit and accomplish things that they can't do alone

35. Reed - Walter
developed smallpox vaccine
Yellow fever
'both' flagella are on both poles
Bruten's A Gamma Globulin Anemia - (primary immune deficiency)

36. D'Herelle - Felix
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test
Identifies risk factors
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus

37. What are the 4 Koch's postulates
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
1. find microorganism in people suffering from the disease 2. isolate and grow the microorganism in culture 3. should cause disease in a healthy individual when introduced 4. re-isolate microorganism from the inoculated people
direct uptake of free DNA
dysentery

38. Rubeola
'around' - flagella everywhere
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
Can only be in ONE environment - not the other - obligate aerobe = only in O2 - obligate anaerobe = only without O2
Measles

39. Taenia saginata
Inorganic material
mononucleosis
C5B - C9
uncooked beef

40. Haemophilis haemophilis
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
Identifies risk factors
influenza
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage

41. A Name for strep throa
salk - rabies
organic material
pharyngitis
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody

42. Herpes simplex
Inorganic material
Cranial nerve V pattern
heterophile agglutination test for mononucleosis - downy cell inclusion bodies 'don't let mono get you down'
heterophile agglutinization (Paul Bunnel) - Downey cell (don't let mono get you down) - monospot

43. What are the 6 diseases that can be caused by strep pyogenes?
serratia marcenscus
for typhoid fever
staph aureus
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever

44. Guillene-Barre
Crayfish - mouth
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection
Hodgkin's

45. Don't let mono get you down'
atypical lymphocytes
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
Dicks test

46. Widal lab test
parkinson's - aka paralysis agitans - shuffling / festering gait
red pus
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
for typhoid fever

47. Flemming
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
direct uptake of free DNA
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
discovered penicillin

48. Mycoplasm
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
dysentery
Can only be in ONE environment - not the other - obligate aerobe = only in O2 - obligate anaerobe = only without O2
genital herpes 'below the belt'

49. Brucella
spontaneous abortion in cattle
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
acellular protein which denatures other proteins - cannot be autoclaved - mad cow disease
DiGeorge's syndrome - (primary immune deficiency)

50. Yellow purulent
Controls FDA - CDC - US Public Health Services
whip worm ('whip those t's into shape) oral-fecal weight loss
staph aureus
'around' - flagella everywhere

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Microbiology Board

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