Microbiology Board

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Penicillin
Identifies risk factors
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
for gram positive - inhibits cell wall synthesis
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants


2. IgA secretory antibody (mucosal antibody)
Inflammation of parotids
C3B complement
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep


3. Hypersensitivity reactions
secondary
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
stain for mycobacteria
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)


4. Lab test for scarlet fever
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
viral hepatitis
Dicks test


5. Epithelioid histiocytes are inclusion bodies associated with...
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage
TB
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents


6. Brucella
eats off living organism
spontaneous abortion in cattle
2 populations living together - both benefit
fix gross specimens


7. Reed - Walter
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
Yellow fever


8. Councilman cells are inclusion bodies associated with...
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus
genital herpes 'below the belt'
for typhoid fever
viral hepatitis


9. Lab test for anthrax
staph aureus
discovered penicillin
Ascholi test
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source


10. What is the test for gonorrhea?
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
Magic bullet - sulfa drugs - first treatment for syphilis


11. Temperature and time for flash/continuous method of pasteurization
for gram positive - inhibits cell wall synthesis
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
161


12. Endotoxin
red jelly sputum
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it
2 populations living together - one or both benefit
toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell - heat stable - gram (-) have these


13. NIH
Does research - (not stats)
spontaneous abortion in cattle
Regulated health products to the public
viral hepatitis


14. Artificial active immunity
measles (rubeola / red measles) - on buccal mucosa - white / bluish spots
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand


15. Obligate
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
Can only be in ONE environment - not the other - obligate aerobe = only in O2 - obligate anaerobe = only without O2
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment
fix gross specimens


16. Silver nitrate

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17. IgE parasitic infections
gonorrhea
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
Most numerous - crosses placenta - anamnestic response 'without amnesia' - the body remembers from the last time you had the disease and secretes the same amount of IgG next time
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)


18. Exotoxin
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
Inorganic material
bloody transfusions


19. Iwanowski
Tetanus - botulism
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria


20. What will result if born without T cells?

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21. A Name for strep throa
whip worm ('whip those t's into shape) oral-fecal weight loss
pharyngitis
hemorrhagic jaundice - aka Wheel's disease
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage


22. Klebsiella pneumonia
Does research - (not stats)
hemorrhagic jaundice - aka Wheel's disease
spontaneous abortion in cattle
red jelly sputum


23. Interleukins
bloody transfusions
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus


24. Paul Bunnel lab test

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25. What do heterotrophs eat?
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
single flagella on one pole
organic material


26. What is seen with mononucleosis heterophile antibody?

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27. Don't let mono get you down'
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)
atypical lymphocytes
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response


28. Coxiella
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
Ascholi test
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
2 populations living together - both benefit


29. Transformation
pre-op disinfectant
direct uptake of free DNA
Cranial nerve V pattern
TB


30. Jenner
developed smallpox vaccine
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
whooping cough


31. Negri bodies are inclusion bodies associated with..
spread by food - self limiting
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test
rabies and hydrophobia


32. Flasciolopsis hepatica
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma


33. MRSA =
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
2 populations living together - both benefit and accomplish things that they can't do alone
river blindness - flies - in Africa
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now


34. Monotrichus
145
single flagella on one pole
influenza
bloody transfusions


35. Hepatitis B
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
Inflammation of parotids
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
no T cells and no B cells


36. Live attenuated vaccine
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
Coagulase


37. Clonorchis sinensis in liver
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody
In raw contaminated fish
tertiary syphilis
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus


38. Lewy bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...

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39. Leading cause of death in children in the US
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity
stain for mycobacteria
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus


40. Trichuris trichura

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41. What is the best test for water pollution?
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop
bloody transfusions
Yellow fever
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand


42. D'Herelle - Felix
genital herpes 'below the belt'
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus
whip worm ('whip those t's into shape) oral-fecal weight loss
stain for mycobacteria


43. Mutualism
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
gonorrhea
2 populations living together - both benefit
mononucleosis


44. The classical antigen-antibody pathways meet at...
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)
C3B complement
influenza
rubella - rabies - Hep A


45. Rabies

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46. Flasciolopsis buski in intestines
eastern equine encephalitis
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants
Tetanus - botulism


47. Inactivated vaccine
Hodgkin's
ncooked pork
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
salk - rabies


48. Russell bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma
dysentery
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba


49. What is the #2 cause of impetigo?
Strep pyogenes
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
Ascholi test
Crayfish - mouth


50. Secondary water purification process
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
genital herpes 'below the belt'
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus
hepatitis associated with alcoholism