Microbiology Board

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Mycoplasm
Monitors soil - air and water quality
organic material
Tetanus - botulism
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall


2. Microareophilic reduced oxygen (ie high altitude plants)
ncooked pork
grown in candle jars culture
all spread by mosquitos
Affects mitral valve (aka ashkov bodies) - Can = carditis - Sammy = syndenham's chorea - Suck = subcutaneous nodule - Ethyl's = Erythema marginatum - Polyps = migratory Polyarthritis


3. Hypersensitivity reactions
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source
secondary


4. Taenia saginata
'old age pigment' - lipid residue - build up of lipofuscin in organs = 'brown's atrophy'
uncooked beef
2 populations living together - one or both benefit
Inflammation of parotids


5. Zoonosis
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop
Ascholi test
bubonic plague


6. Enterotoxin
no T cells and no B cells
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic


7. Secondary water purification process
Regulated health products to the public
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
Yellow fever


8. Teania solium
river blindness - flies - in Africa
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
ncooked pork


9. All mycobacterium are _____
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
Does research - (not stats)


10. NIH
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
Does research - (not stats)


11. Rubeola
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
Measles
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk
negri inclusion bodies - bullet shaped - leads to hydrophobia (throat hurts - so don't want to drink water - this why dogs foam at the mouth)


12. Weil Felix test
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
serratia marcenscus
Classified streptococcus
Inorganic material


13. Leading cause of death in adults in the US
genital herpes 'below the belt'
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
secondary
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents


14. Primary water purification process
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)
McCallums Patch


15. Flemming
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin
discovered penicillin
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)


16. Pastuer
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
acellular protein which denatures other proteins - cannot be autoclaved - mad cow disease
developed the first microscope - saw microorganisms


17. Peritrichus

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18. Councilman cells are inclusion bodies associated with...
dysentery
gonorrhea
viral hepatitis
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it


19. Opsonin
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
genital herpes 'below the belt'
Ascholi test
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)


20. Obligate
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
Can only be in ONE environment - not the other - obligate aerobe = only in O2 - obligate anaerobe = only without O2
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue


21. What complements indicate a membrane attack complex?
bloody transfusions
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
C5B - C9
C3B complement


22. Leptospira

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23. Pyusner - Stanley
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
all spread by mosquitos
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea


24. Mutualism
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water
Helps IgG
2 populations living together - both benefit
Injection of preformed antibodies - ie. tetanus antitoxin = pre-made antibody attacks circulating toxins - not bound toxins - tetanus antitoxin CANNOT cross blood brain barrier


25. Diphyllobothrium latum
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants
Tetanus - botulism
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents


26. Clostridium tetani
'around' - flagella everywhere
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep


27. Is AIDS a primary or secondary immune deficiency?
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
Inflammation of parotids
secondary


28. Salmonella
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop
2 populations living together - both benefit and accomplish things that they can't do alone
for staph
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth


29. What do heterotrophs eat?
'old age pigment' - lipid residue - build up of lipofuscin in organs = 'brown's atrophy'
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
organic material


30. Criteria of rheumatic fever

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31. Toxoid
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
C5B - C9
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)


32. What separates staph from other staph?
PDD = purified protein derivative - Type IV (Delayed hypersensitivity reaction) - Ziehl Neilson staining (shows acid fast) - chest x-ray john complex
C3B complement
Coagulase
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified


33. Negri bodies are inclusion bodies associated with..
spread by food - self limiting
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
Cranial nerve V pattern
rabies and hydrophobia


34. Lancefield - Rebecca
Classified streptococcus
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
no T cells and no B cells
TB


35. What is the best test for water pollution?
serratia marcenscus
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
rabies and hydrophobia
'both' flagella are on both poles


36. Polio
eliminates placebo
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
negri inclusion bodies - bullet shaped - leads to hydrophobia (throat hurts - so don't want to drink water - this why dogs foam at the mouth)


37. Temperature and time for holding/batch method of pasteurization
pharyngitis
Chlamydia
rheumatic fever
145


38. Lab test for scarlet fever
small pox (variola)
dysentery
Dicks test
Crayfish - mouth


39. Vibrio cholera

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40. Lewy bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...

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41. Burnet/Metchinkoff

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42. Capsomere

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43. Onchocerca volvulus
1. find microorganism in people suffering from the disease 2. isolate and grow the microorganism in culture 3. should cause disease in a healthy individual when introduced 4. re-isolate microorganism from the inoculated people
tertiary syphilis
river blindness - flies - in Africa
Identifies risk factors


44. Iodine
aka St Anthony's Fire - superficial form of cellulitis - inflammation of dermis
pre-op disinfectant
guarnari bodies
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)


45. Bordatellum
whooping cough
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
Can only be in ONE environment - not the other - obligate aerobe = only in O2 - obligate anaerobe = only without O2
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop


46. D'Herelle - Felix
Coagulase
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
for typhoid fever


47. Blood agar
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
Categorizes streptococcus demonstrates the type of hemolysis (destruction of RBCs)
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance


48. Double blind study
eliminates placebo
2 populations living together - one or both benefit
polio
Catalase


49. Tetracycline
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
Monitors soil - air and water quality


50. Yellow purulent
Influenza
staph aureus
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters