Test your basic knowledge |

Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Fomite
rheumatic fever
Influenza
staph aureus
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active

2. Sterilization / autoclave
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
Affects mitral valve (aka ashkov bodies) - Can = carditis - Sammy = syndenham's chorea - Suck = subcutaneous nodule - Ethyl's = Erythema marginatum - Polyps = migratory Polyarthritis
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active

3. What do heterotrophs eat?
Does research - (not stats)
organic material
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
Ascholi test

4. Trichuris trichura

5. Legionella
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
'old age pigment' - lipid residue - build up of lipofuscin in organs = 'brown's atrophy'
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2

6. Mutualism
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment
stain for mycobacteria
2 populations living together - both benefit
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs

7. Vibrio cholera

8. Corneybacterium
measles (rubeola / red measles) - on buccal mucosa - white / bluish spots
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
follows dermatome
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters

9. Transformation
Identifies risk factors
direct uptake of free DNA
responsible for milk and milk products
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'

10. Type III hypersensitivity reaction
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC
small pox (variola)
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement

11. Shistosoma japonicum in blood
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)
heterophile agglutinization (Paul Bunnel) - Downey cell (don't let mono get you down) - monospot
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test

12. Acid fast
Measles
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test
stain for mycobacteria
for staph

13. What is the purpose of complement system?
Magic bullet - sulfa drugs - first treatment for syphilis
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis

14. Rabies

15. What do saprophytes eat?
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response
Made by big bone marrow - in blood and lymph system
pharyngitis
dead/decaying material

16. IgD
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
Brody's abcess
Helps IgG
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active

17. Monotrichus
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
single flagella on one pole
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus
Regulated health products to the public

18. Epithelioid histiocytes are inclusion bodies associated with...
bubonic plague
old name
TB
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents

19. Russell bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
uncooked beef
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma

20. What complements indicate a membrane attack complex?
discovered penicillin
Catalase
C5B - C9
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis

21. Yellow purulent
pinworm - anus-finger-mouth - scotch tape or anal cellophane - nocturnal anal itching - most common helminth in the US
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
staph aureus
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC

22. Mycoplasm
bubonic plague
bloody transfusions
follows dermatome
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall

23. Leading cause of death in adults in the US
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
salk - rabies
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis

24. Onchocerca volvulus
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
river blindness - flies - in Africa
Inorganic material
Regulated health products to the public

25. What will you see on TB test?
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage
red jelly sputum
PDD = purified protein derivative - Type IV (Delayed hypersensitivity reaction) - Ziehl Neilson staining (shows acid fast) - chest x-ray john complex
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants

26. Hepatitis A
for staph
spread by food - self limiting
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus
guarnari bodies

27. What is seen with mononucleosis heterophile antibody?

28. What is the best test for water pollution?
'around' - flagella everywhere
T-cell growth factor - made by CD4 cells - CD4 = T-Helper cell = 'quarterback' of immune system - directs response of immune system
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
Chlamydia

29. Antitoxin
Chlamydia
toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell - heat stable - gram (-) have these
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
Most numerous - crosses placenta - anamnestic response 'without amnesia' - the body remembers from the last time you had the disease and secretes the same amount of IgG next time

30. Lipofuscin are inclusion bodies associated with...

31. Klebsiella pneumonia
red jelly sputum
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
follows dermatome
no T cells and no B cells

32. Iwanowski
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first
gonorrhea

33. Paragonimus westermani in lung
uncooked beef
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
Crayfish - mouth
genital herpes 'below the belt'

34. Interleukins
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
developed smallpox vaccine
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)

35. Genus and species
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
TB
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it

36. Eukaryotes
dead/decaying material
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba
rubella - rabies - Hep A
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm

37. Interleukin I
parkinson's - aka paralysis agitans - shuffling / festering gait
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
eastern equine encephalitis
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease

38. Smallpox
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
Monitors soil - air and water quality
responsible for milk and milk products
guarnari bodies

39. Trichonella spiralis
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
mononucleosis
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now

40. EPA
Monitors soil - air and water quality
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
Ascholi test
145

41. Flemming
2 populations living together - one or both benefit
discovered penicillin
guarnari bodies
staph aureus

42. Herpes zoster
Tetanus - botulism
follows dermatome
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance

43. What are extensive aschoff bodies?
Inflammation of parotids
eliminates placebo
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
McCallums Patch

44. Streptomycin
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
bloody transfusions

45. IgM pentamer (10 binding sites)
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
atypical lymphocytes
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
'old age pigment' - lipid residue - build up of lipofuscin in organs = 'brown's atrophy'

46. Leptospira

47. Scarlet fever ak
TB (inactive phase) -calcium 'jail' around mycobacterium
strawberry tongue
single flagella on one pole
Monitors soil - air and water quality

48. IgE parasitic infections
stain for mycobacteria
Measles - mumps vaccine
2 populations living together - both benefit and accomplish things that they can't do alone
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)

49. Burnet/Metchinkoff

50. What is combined immunosuppressant disease?
no T cells and no B cells
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first
Yellow fever
Ascholi test