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Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the purpose of complement system?
Made by big bone marrow - in blood and lymph system
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
mononucleosis

2. Weil Felix test
gonorrhea
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
Yellow fever

3. Leptospira

4. Trichonella spiralis
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus
A Anaphylactic (immediate) - IgE - mast cell - basophils - histamine release - bee sting - hay fever
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm

5. Herpes zoster
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop
genital herpes 'below the belt'
follows dermatome

6. Anything ending in '-osis' is usually acquired to transmitted via the
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
small pox (variola)
heterophile agglutination test for mononucleosis - downy cell inclusion bodies 'don't let mono get you down'

7. Leading cause of death in adults in the US
In raw contaminated fish
bubonic plague
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents

8. Temperature and time for flash/continuous method of pasteurization
161
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
TB
Measles

9. All mycobacterium are _____
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
Most numerous - crosses placenta - anamnestic response 'without amnesia' - the body remembers from the last time you had the disease and secretes the same amount of IgG next time
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop

10. Sterilization / autoclave
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
salk - rabies
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria

11. Clostridium tetani
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
tertiary syphilis
single flagella on one pole
developed smallpox vaccine

12. IgA secretory antibody (mucosal antibody)
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis
rabies and hydrophobia

13. What are the 6 diseases that can be caused by strep pyogenes?
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever
Magic bullet - sulfa drugs - first treatment for syphilis
for gram positive - inhibits cell wall synthesis

14. CDC statistics
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
Hodgkin's
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics

15. Flemming
ncooked pork
discovered penicillin
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test

16. Criteria of rheumatic fever

17. Bordatellum
stain for mycobacteria
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
whooping cough
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II

18. Capsomere

19. Leading cause of death in children in the US
Live polio vaccine - given orally
red jelly sputum
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity

20. Poliovirus
all spread by mosquitos
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs

21. IgM pentamer (10 binding sites)
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
C3B complement
pre-op disinfectant
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)

22. HHS
Controls FDA - CDC - US Public Health Services
Live polio vaccine - given orally
rubella - rabies - Hep A
PDD = purified protein derivative - Type IV (Delayed hypersensitivity reaction) - Ziehl Neilson staining (shows acid fast) - chest x-ray john complex

23. Mumps
spread by food - self limiting
grown in candle jars culture
uncooked beef
Inflammation of parotids

24. Microareophilic reduced oxygen (ie high altitude plants)
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)
grown in candle jars culture

25. What is the number one cause of impetigo and myelitis?
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
staph aureus
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
river blindness - flies - in Africa

26. Pyusner - Stanley
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
follows dermatome
Affects mitral valve (aka ashkov bodies) - Can = carditis - Sammy = syndenham's chorea - Suck = subcutaneous nodule - Ethyl's = Erythema marginatum - Polyps = migratory Polyarthritis
C5B - C9

27. Amphitrichus

28. What separates staph from other staph?
C5B - C9
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water
Coagulase
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris

29. When examining the agar plate - describe the colony variation (morphology)
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
genital herpes 'below the belt'
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water

30. Prokaryotes
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
developed smallpox vaccine

31. What will result if born without B cells at birth?

32. IgG first to increase (second exposure

33. Genus and species
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
heterophile agglutination test for mononucleosis - downy cell inclusion bodies 'don't let mono get you down'

34. What is seen with mononucleosis heterophile antibody?

35. Enterobacteria
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
Influenza
causes diarrhea
TB (inactive phase) -calcium 'jail' around mycobacterium

36. Active immunity vs passive immunity
Measles
guarnari bodies
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast

37. Don't let mono get you down'
for staph
atypical lymphocytes
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage

38. FDA
DiGeorge's syndrome - (primary immune deficiency)
single flagella on one pole
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
Regulated health products to the public

39. Type III hypersensitivity reaction
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
staph aureus
Classified streptococcus
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement

40. Reed sternberg are inclusion bodies associated with...

41. Inactivated vaccine
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response
salk - rabies
Inflammation of parotids
organic material

42. Jenner
developed smallpox vaccine
Goodpasteur
whooping cough
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)

43. Hepatitis C
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
bloody transfusions
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water

44. Herpes simplex
C3B complement
all spread by mosquitos
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
Cranial nerve V pattern

45. What will be seen with chronic osteomyelitis?

46. Mutualism
2 populations living together - both benefit
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
Monitors soil - air and water quality
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris

47. What viral disease has an antigenic shift and/or drift?
Inorganic material
1. find microorganism in people suffering from the disease 2. isolate and grow the microorganism in culture 3. should cause disease in a healthy individual when introduced 4. re-isolate microorganism from the inoculated people
Influenza
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation

48. Details of erysipelas

49. Vibrio cholera

50. Secondary water purification process
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
TB (inactive phase) -calcium 'jail' around mycobacterium
'old age pigment' - lipid residue - build up of lipofuscin in organs = 'brown's atrophy'