Microbiology Board

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Russell bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
Dicks test
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma


2. FDA
145
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics
2 populations living together - one benefits - the other is unaffected
Regulated health products to the public


3. Interleukin I
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
Identifies risk factors
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk


4. Leading cause of death world wide
pharyngitis
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
atypical lymphocytes
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)


5. Peritrichus

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6. Enterotoxin
responsible for milk and milk products
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
Controls FDA - CDC - US Public Health Services
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic


7. What is the test for gonorrhea?
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
ncooked pork


8. IgE parasitic infections
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance
for gram positive - inhibits cell wall synthesis
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)
grown in candle jars culture


9. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop


10. Lab test for anthrax
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
Ascholi test
'around' - flagella everywhere
salk - rabies


11. Tuberculosis test
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
dysentery
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis


12. Exotoxin
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
2 populations living together - one benefits - the other is unaffected
causes diarrhea


13. Sterilization / autoclave
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
parkinson's - aka paralysis agitans - shuffling / festering gait
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)


14. What is the purpose of complement system?
rubella - rabies - Hep A
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
tertiary syphilis


15. Interleukin II

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16. Leading cause of death in children in the US
C3B complement
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity


17. Temperature and time for flash/continuous method of pasteurization
Catalase
161
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)


18. Inactivated vaccine
mononucleosis
salk - rabies
organic material
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba


19. Mannitol salt
Ascholi test
spontaneous abortion in cattle
for staph
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)


20. Symbiosis
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
2 populations living together - one or both benefit
Regulated health products to the public
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments


21. What are the signs and symptoms of impetigo?
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus
Helps IgG
atypical lymphocytes


22. Widal lab test
for typhoid fever
responsible for milk and milk products
discovered penicillin
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)


23. Flemming
strawberry tongue
discovered penicillin
grown in candle jars culture
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species


24. EPA
Monitors soil - air and water quality
Coagulase
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus


25. Enterobacteria
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
causes diarrhea
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever


26. All mycobacterium are _____
hemorrhagic jaundice - aka Wheel's disease
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
Tetanus - botulism


27. Rabies

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28. Pseudomonas
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis


29. MHC
spontaneous abortion in cattle
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
TB
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)


30. Lister
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
hemorrhagic jaundice - aka Wheel's disease
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
2 populations living together - one or both benefit


31. Fomite
C5B - C9
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
Tetanus - botulism


32. Guarneri bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
small pox (variola)
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]
uncooked beef


33. Diphyllobothrium latum
Yellow fever
toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell - heat stable - gram (-) have these
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it


34. Prion
acellular protein which denatures other proteins - cannot be autoclaved - mad cow disease
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
Made by big bone marrow - in blood and lymph system
spontaneous abortion in cattle


35. Toxoid vaccine
Does research - (not stats)
stain for mycobacteria
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
Tetanus - botulism


36. Tetracycline
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
2 populations living together - both benefit


37. Hasteurellis
direct uptake of free DNA
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
grown in candle jars culture
old name


38. Active immunity vs passive immunity
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
McCallums Patch
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source


39. Lophotrichus
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
all spread by mosquitos
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin


40. Sulfa
TB
for gram negative - competes with PABA
Influenza
Cranial nerve V pattern


41. Ascaris lumbricoides

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42. Polio
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection


43. What are the only Gram + organisms?
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
Inorganic material
McCallums Patch


44. Anything ending in '-osis' is usually acquired to transmitted via the
hemorrhagic jaundice - aka Wheel's disease
parkinson's - aka paralysis agitans - shuffling / festering gait
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis


45. What do saprophytes eat?
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk
salk - rabies
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
dead/decaying material


46. Legionella
'around' - flagella everywhere
eats off living organism
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease


47. What is seen with mononucleosis heterophile antibody?

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48. What complements indicate a membrane attack complex?
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
eats off living organism
C5B - C9
no T cells and no B cells


49. Burnet/Metchinkoff

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50. Franciella
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
rabies and hydrophobia
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris