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Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. IgD
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
Helps IgG
C3B complement
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters

2. Hypersensitivity reactions
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
atypical lymphocytes
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus

3. Paragonimus westermani in lung
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance
Crayfish - mouth
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue

4. Acid fast
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
stain for mycobacteria
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus

5. Blood agar
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage
Canine feces - found in dogs - wolves and humans - hydatid cysts in live and lung
strawberry tongue
Categorizes streptococcus demonstrates the type of hemolysis (destruction of RBCs)

6. Microareophilic reduced oxygen (ie high altitude plants)
Yellow fever
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin
grown in candle jars culture
tertiary syphilis

7. Diphyllobothrium latum
proved bacteria 'causes' disease - Koch's 4 postulates
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it
Measles - mumps vaccine

8. What is the best test for water pollution?
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
Brody's abcess
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand

9. Colliform lab test checks for...
Inflammation of parotids
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water

10. Type II hypersensitivity reaction
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
for gram negative - competes with PABA
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics

11. Clostridium tetani
Magic bullet - sulfa drugs - first treatment for syphilis
Goodpasteur
Strep pyogenes
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)

12. Shigella
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
A Anaphylactic (immediate) - IgE - mast cell - basophils - histamine release - bee sting - hay fever
dysentery
guarnari bodies

13. IgE parasitic infections
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
aka St Anthony's Fire - superficial form of cellulitis - inflammation of dermis
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)

14. Aschoff bodies are associated with...
direct uptake of free DNA
rheumatic fever
spontaneous abortion in cattle
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species

15. Iodine
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
pinworm - anus-finger-mouth - scotch tape or anal cellophane - nocturnal anal itching - most common helminth in the US
pre-op disinfectant

16. Iwanowski
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first
viral hepatitis

17. Amphitrichus

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18. Obligate
Can only be in ONE environment - not the other - obligate aerobe = only in O2 - obligate anaerobe = only without O2
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
Dicks test
ncooked pork

19. Which vaccines are manufactured using chick peas?
Measles - mumps vaccine
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
for gram negative - competes with PABA
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production

20. Pseudomonas
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis

21. What are the 6 diseases that can be caused by strep pyogenes?
organic material
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth
toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell - heat stable - gram (-) have these

22. Interleukin III
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
Classified streptococcus
In raw contaminated fish
Made by big bone marrow - in blood and lymph system

23. MHC
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
genital herpes 'below the belt'
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement

24. Temperature and time for holding/batch method of pasteurization
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
145

25. Polio
Tetanus - botulism
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
tertiary syphilis
eastern equine encephalitis

26. Facultative
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus

27. Formaldehyde
fix gross specimens
C3B complement
all spread by mosquitos
serratia marcenscus

28. Scarlet fever ak
Strep pyogenes
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
single flagella on one pole
strawberry tongue

29. Artificial active immunity
guarnari bodies
Helps IgG
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity

30. Which vaccines are manufactured using human diploid cells?
rubella - rabies - Hep A
Measles
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics

31. When examining the agar plate - describe the colony variation (morphology)
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth
Most numerous - crosses placenta - anamnestic response 'without amnesia' - the body remembers from the last time you had the disease and secretes the same amount of IgG next time
Cranial nerve V pattern
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US

32. Necator americanus
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
Dicks test

33. What is the purpose of complement system?
ncooked pork
rheumatic fever
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis

34. Ascaris lumbricoides

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35. Transformation
Goodpasteur
direct uptake of free DNA
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall

36. Antitoxin
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
rheumatic fever
polio
influenza

37. Peritrichus

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38. Anything ending in '-osis' is usually acquired to transmitted via the
TB (inactive phase) -calcium 'jail' around mycobacterium
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody

39. Yellow purulent
staph aureus
Bruten's A Gamma Globulin Anemia - (primary immune deficiency)
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active

40. Haemophilis haemophilis
fix gross specimens
influenza
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US
spread by food - self limiting

41. Corneybacterium
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
TB
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation

42. CDC statistics
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics

43. Gummas are inclusion bodies associated with...
tertiary syphilis
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants

44. What do parasites eat?
Cranial nerve V pattern
eats off living organism
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus
Influenza

45. Leading cause of death in children in the US
Can only be in ONE environment - not the other - obligate aerobe = only in O2 - obligate anaerobe = only without O2
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity
organic material
staph aureus

46. Echinococcus granulosus
developed the first microscope - saw microorganisms
Monitors soil - air and water quality
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
Canine feces - found in dogs - wolves and humans - hydatid cysts in live and lung

47. What are the characteristics of carbuncles?

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48. Leading cause of death world wide
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
serratia marcenscus
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria

49. Monotrichus
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
single flagella on one pole

50. What complements indicate a membrane attack complex?
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
C5B - C9
river blindness - flies - in Africa
Chlamydia