Test your basic knowledge |

Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Iwanowski
atypical lymphocytes
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first
McCallums Patch
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop

2. Ehrlich
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
all spread by mosquitos
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
Magic bullet - sulfa drugs - first treatment for syphilis

3. What is combined immunosuppressant disease?
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
no T cells and no B cells
Inflammation of parotids
rheumatic fever

4. Synergism

5. Criteria of rheumatic fever

6. Burnet/Metchinkoff

7. Lab test for scarlet fever
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US
red jelly sputum
influenza
Dicks test

8. IgA secretory antibody (mucosal antibody)
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
rubella - rabies - Hep A
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk

9. What will you see on TB test?
eliminates placebo
C3B complement
PDD = purified protein derivative - Type IV (Delayed hypersensitivity reaction) - Ziehl Neilson staining (shows acid fast) - chest x-ray john complex
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)

10. Primary water purification process
spread by food - self limiting
pharyngitis
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
hepatitis associated with alcoholism

11. Encephalitis
all spread by mosquitos
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
McCallums Patch

12. FDA
Regulated health products to the public
fix gross specimens
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
bubonic plague

13. Herpes simplex virus type 2

14. West nile virus
mononucleosis
eastern equine encephalitis
In raw contaminated fish
Coagulase

15. What viral disease has an antigenic shift and/or drift?
spontaneous abortion in cattle
mononucleosis
Influenza
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus

16. IgE parasitic infections
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)
follows dermatome
Dicks test

17. Salmonella
whooping cough
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop
bloody transfusions
developed smallpox vaccine

18. Toxoid
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk
salk - rabies
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop

19. Colliform lab test checks for...
'both' flagella are on both poles
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water
fix gross specimens
strawberry tongue

20. Tetracycline
dead/decaying material
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
Bruten's A Gamma Globulin Anemia - (primary immune deficiency)
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung

21. Paul Bunnel lab test

22. Koch

23. Genus and species
Monitors soil - air and water quality
bloody transfusions
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'

24. Clonorchis sinensis in liver
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
Strep pyogenes
In raw contaminated fish
2 populations living together - one or both benefit

25. What is the purpose of complement system?
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
genital herpes 'below the belt'
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it
strawberry tongue

26. Natural passive immunity
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever
Tetanus - botulism

27. Echinococcus granulosus
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
Canine feces - found in dogs - wolves and humans - hydatid cysts in live and lung

28. Leptospira

29. Lewy bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...

30. Obligate
responsible for milk and milk products
spontaneous abortion in cattle
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
Can only be in ONE environment - not the other - obligate aerobe = only in O2 - obligate anaerobe = only without O2

31. HHS
Bruten's A Gamma Globulin Anemia - (primary immune deficiency)
Controls FDA - CDC - US Public Health Services
developed smallpox vaccine
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)

32. Silver nitrate

33. Pastuer
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris

34. Details of erysipelas

35. Gummas are inclusion bodies associated with...
tertiary syphilis
'both' flagella are on both poles
Measles - mumps vaccine
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall

36. Mycoplasm
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
pre-op disinfectant
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody

37. Lab test for anthrax
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
Ascholi test
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants
Goodpasteur

38. Legionella
In raw contaminated fish
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease

39. Klebsiella pneumonia
red jelly sputum
2 populations living together - one benefits - the other is unaffected
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)

40. Trichonella spiralis
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
Classified streptococcus
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA

41. Hepatitis B
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source
2 populations living together - both benefit and accomplish things that they can't do alone
C3B complement
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact

42. Pseudomonas
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus
Magic bullet - sulfa drugs - first treatment for syphilis
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
follows dermatome

43. Haemophilis haemophilis
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics
Crayfish - mouth
influenza
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody

44. IgM pentamer (10 binding sites)
viral hepatitis
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
direct uptake of free DNA
A Anaphylactic (immediate) - IgE - mast cell - basophils - histamine release - bee sting - hay fever

45. Shigella
Ascholi test
dysentery
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
red pus

46. Peritrichus

47. Transduction
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
all spread by mosquitos
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus

48. Jenner
red jelly sputum
145
developed smallpox vaccine
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics

49. All mycobacterium are _____
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production

50. Artificial passive immunity
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
Injection of preformed antibodies - ie. tetanus antitoxin = pre-made antibody attacks circulating toxins - not bound toxins - tetanus antitoxin CANNOT cross blood brain barrier