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Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Legionella
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents

2. Babes Ernst Granules are inclusion bodies associated with...
bloody transfusions
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)

3. Leeuwenhoek
T-cell growth factor - made by CD4 cells - CD4 = T-Helper cell = 'quarterback' of immune system - directs response of immune system
developed the first microscope - saw microorganisms
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown

4. IgM pentamer (10 binding sites)
secondary
Inorganic material
Monitors soil - air and water quality
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)

5. Loa Loa
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance
C5B - C9

6. What will be seen with chronic osteomyelitis?

7. Transduction
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
eliminates placebo
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus

8. Haemophilis haemophilis
influenza
dead/decaying material
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)
salk - rabies

9. USDA
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
responsible for milk and milk products
red pus

10. Enterobius vermicularis
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
pinworm - anus-finger-mouth - scotch tape or anal cellophane - nocturnal anal itching - most common helminth in the US
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it

11. Clonorchis sinensis in liver
for typhoid fever
In raw contaminated fish
Chlamydia
2 populations living together - both benefit

12. FDA
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
Influenza
Does research - (not stats)
Regulated health products to the public

13. Artificial passive immunity
serratia marcenscus
acellular protein which denatures other proteins - cannot be autoclaved - mad cow disease
Injection of preformed antibodies - ie. tetanus antitoxin = pre-made antibody attacks circulating toxins - not bound toxins - tetanus antitoxin CANNOT cross blood brain barrier
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response

14. Hasteurellis
Made by big bone marrow - in blood and lymph system
old name
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
T-cell growth factor - made by CD4 cells - CD4 = T-Helper cell = 'quarterback' of immune system - directs response of immune system

15. Type II hypersensitivity reaction
2 populations living together - one benefits - the other is unaffected
bubonic plague
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
1. find microorganism in people suffering from the disease 2. isolate and grow the microorganism in culture 3. should cause disease in a healthy individual when introduced 4. re-isolate microorganism from the inoculated people

16. Jenner
developed smallpox vaccine
Brody's abcess
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]
for staph

17. Aka's for TB test
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
river blindness - flies - in Africa

18. What is the number one cause of impetigo and myelitis?
staph aureus
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments

19. Criteria of rheumatic fever

20. Family and genus
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
whooping cough
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement

21. Which vaccines are manufactured using monkey kidney tissue?
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
developed smallpox vaccine
polio

22. Transformation
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
direct uptake of free DNA
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]

23. Echinococcus granulosus
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)
heterophile agglutination test for mononucleosis - downy cell inclusion bodies 'don't let mono get you down'
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
Canine feces - found in dogs - wolves and humans - hydatid cysts in live and lung

24. What are the signs and symptoms of impetigo?
Measles - mumps vaccine
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus
145
ncooked pork

25. Hepatitis B
heterophile agglutination test for mononucleosis - downy cell inclusion bodies 'don't let mono get you down'
strawberry tongue
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown

26. What are the 5 diseases caused by staph aureus?
Classified streptococcus
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response
rubella - rabies - Hep A
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]

27. Artificial active immunity
salk - rabies
mononucleosis
polio
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody

28. Temperature and time for flash/continuous method of pasteurization
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody
161

29. D'Herelle - Felix
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
dead/decaying material
bloody transfusions

30. Leading cause of death world wide
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar

31. Coxiella
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth
Yellow fever

32. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
bloody transfusions
Affects mitral valve (aka ashkov bodies) - Can = carditis - Sammy = syndenham's chorea - Suck = subcutaneous nodule - Ethyl's = Erythema marginatum - Polyps = migratory Polyarthritis
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC

33. Shigella
dysentery
fix gross specimens
145
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)

34. What is combined immunosuppressant disease?
no T cells and no B cells
salk - rabies
small pox (variola)
mononucleosis

35. Facultative
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
TB
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2

36. Mycoplasm
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
dead/decaying material
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea

37. Neurotoxin
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC
'both' flagella are on both poles

38. Herpes simplex
proved bacteria 'causes' disease - Koch's 4 postulates
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
Cranial nerve V pattern
causes diarrhea

39. Councilman cells are inclusion bodies associated with...
T-cell growth factor - made by CD4 cells - CD4 = T-Helper cell = 'quarterback' of immune system - directs response of immune system
Influenza
developed smallpox vaccine
viral hepatitis

40. Bordatellum
whooping cough
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)
staph aureus

41. Lophotrichus
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
dead/decaying material
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria

42. Ehrlich
Magic bullet - sulfa drugs - first treatment for syphilis
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
salk - rabies
secondary

43. What separates staph from other staph?
Coagulase
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
Measles

44. Semmelweiss
tertiary syphilis
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
developed the first microscope - saw microorganisms
dysentery

45. All mycobacterium are _____
dead/decaying material
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
Monitors soil - air and water quality
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast

46. Anything ending in '-osis' is usually acquired to transmitted via the
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis

47. Mannitol salt
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection
rheumatic fever
eastern equine encephalitis
for staph

48. Acid fast
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics
stain for mycobacteria
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever
145

49. Leptospira

50. Sulfa
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
Injection of preformed antibodies - ie. tetanus antitoxin = pre-made antibody attacks circulating toxins - not bound toxins - tetanus antitoxin CANNOT cross blood brain barrier
for gram negative - competes with PABA
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis