Microbiology Board

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What will result if born without B cells at birth?

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2. Blue/green purulent (pus)
hemorrhagic jaundice - aka Wheel's disease
psuedomonas aeruginosa - open burn infection - unsanitized hot tub - fluoresces blue under UV light from pyocyanin and fluorescein pigment
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
Inorganic material


3. Herpes simplex virus type 1
Bruten's A Gamma Globulin Anemia - (primary immune deficiency)
for gram negative - competes with PABA
Regulated health products to the public
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus


4. Herpes simplex
Cranial nerve V pattern
whooping cough
grown in candle jars culture
pre-op disinfectant


5. Aschoff bodies are associated with...
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
rheumatic fever
follows dermatome
Brody's abcess


6. Live attenuated vaccine
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active
Ascholi test
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin


7. Russell bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
causes diarrhea
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma
staph aureus
spontaneous abortion in cattle


8. Microareophilic reduced oxygen (ie high altitude plants)
grown in candle jars culture
organic material
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)


9. Mutualism
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
small pox (variola)
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
2 populations living together - both benefit


10. MHC
C3B complement
whip worm ('whip those t's into shape) oral-fecal weight loss
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II


11. Lewy bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...

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12. Double blind study
eliminates placebo
for gram positive - inhibits cell wall synthesis
pharyngitis
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria


13. Diphyllobothrium latum
whip worm ('whip those t's into shape) oral-fecal weight loss
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it


14. Endotoxin
toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell - heat stable - gram (-) have these
Dicks test
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis


15. Mumps
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
Inflammation of parotids
C5B - C9
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production


16. Toxoid vaccine
staph aureus
Tetanus - botulism
TB
fix gross specimens


17. Neurotoxin
Influenza
spread by food - self limiting
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus


18. What separates staph and strep?
Catalase
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection
Tetanus - botulism
DiGeorge's syndrome - (primary immune deficiency)


19. Koplik spots are inclusion bodies associated with...
measles (rubeola / red measles) - on buccal mucosa - white / bluish spots
tertiary syphilis
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it
C3B complement


20. Hepatitis A
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
Cranial nerve V pattern
follows dermatome
spread by food - self limiting


21. Interleukin I
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
'both' flagella are on both poles
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active


22. Clostridium tetani
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
staph aureus
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis


23. Lancefield - Rebecca
eastern equine encephalitis
causes diarrhea
Classified streptococcus
2 populations living together - one benefits - the other is unaffected


24. IgE parasitic infections
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)
eastern equine encephalitis
bloody transfusions
Made by big bone marrow - in blood and lymph system


25. Cell conjugation
responsible for milk and milk products
developed smallpox vaccine
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance
dysentery


26. Interleukin II

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27. Smallpox
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
for gram negative - competes with PABA
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus
guarnari bodies


28. Natural active immunity
Goodpasteur
pinworm - anus-finger-mouth - scotch tape or anal cellophane - nocturnal anal itching - most common helminth in the US
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
bubonic plague


29. Klebsiella pneumonia
Bruten's A Gamma Globulin Anemia - (primary immune deficiency)
toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell - heat stable - gram (-) have these
red jelly sputum
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth


30. Clonorchis sinensis in liver
eastern equine encephalitis
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)
heterophile agglutinization (Paul Bunnel) - Downey cell (don't let mono get you down) - monospot
In raw contaminated fish


31. Eukaryotes
guarnari bodies
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba
Does research - (not stats)


32. Polio
TB
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
rheumatic fever
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)


33. What do heterotrophs eat?
for gram positive - inhibits cell wall synthesis
organic material
TB
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria


34. Enterobius vermicularis
follows dermatome
pinworm - anus-finger-mouth - scotch tape or anal cellophane - nocturnal anal itching - most common helminth in the US
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus


35. Guarneri bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
small pox (variola)
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
Lungs - ie. tuberculosis - blastomycosis - pneumoconiosis


36. Leptospira

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37. What will be seen with chronic osteomyelitis?

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38. Semmelweiss
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
organic material
dysentery


39. What are extensive aschoff bodies?
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody
river blindness - flies - in Africa
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
McCallums Patch


40. Sabin
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
Live polio vaccine - given orally
'old age pigment' - lipid residue - build up of lipofuscin in organs = 'brown's atrophy'
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus


41. Reed - Walter
heterophile agglutination test for mononucleosis - downy cell inclusion bodies 'don't let mono get you down'
'old age pigment' - lipid residue - build up of lipofuscin in organs = 'brown's atrophy'
'around' - flagella everywhere
Yellow fever


42. Exotoxin
causes diarrhea
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
influenza
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!


43. What is the #2 cause of impetigo?
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
proved bacteria 'causes' disease - Koch's 4 postulates
Strep pyogenes
bubonic plague


44. Hasteurellis
TB (inactive phase) -calcium 'jail' around mycobacterium
old name
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria


45. What is the purpose of complement system?
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
TB
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage


46. Family and genus
small pox (variola)
Regulated health products to the public
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
red jelly sputum


47. Type I hypersensitivity reaction
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
A Anaphylactic (immediate) - IgE - mast cell - basophils - histamine release - bee sting - hay fever
Crayfish - mouth
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)


48. Poliovirus
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
for gram negative - competes with PABA


49. Coxiella
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
Bruten's A Gamma Globulin Anemia - (primary immune deficiency)


50. Brucella
spontaneous abortion in cattle
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
Does research - (not stats)
spread by food - self limiting