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Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Lab test for anthrax
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
guarnari bodies
Ascholi test

2. Artificial passive immunity
Injection of preformed antibodies - ie. tetanus antitoxin = pre-made antibody attacks circulating toxins - not bound toxins - tetanus antitoxin CANNOT cross blood brain barrier
father of pathology and germ theory - rabies vaccine - disproved spontaneous generation - pasteurization of wine - then milk
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)

3. Councilman cells are inclusion bodies associated with...
dead/decaying material
stain for mycobacteria
viral hepatitis
145

4. Herpes zoster
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
Bruten's A Gamma Globulin Anemia - (primary immune deficiency)
follows dermatome
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin

5. Aschoff bodies are associated with...
1 heart disease 2 cancer 3 stroke 4 respiratory infection 5 accidents
TB
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active
rheumatic fever

6. Lophotrichus
Regulated health products to the public
2 populations living together - both benefit
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
red pus

7. Interleukin II

8. Hypersensitivity reactions
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC

9. Brucella
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
spontaneous abortion in cattle
measles (rubeola / red measles) - on buccal mucosa - white / bluish spots
'around' - flagella everywhere

10. Rabies

11. Red purulent
serratia marcenscus
C3B complement
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
Strep pyogenes

12. Symbiosis
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
Methycilline resistant staph aureus - hospitals use vancomycin now
Magic bullet - sulfa drugs - first treatment for syphilis
2 populations living together - one or both benefit

13. Lab test for scarlet fever
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
Dicks test
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar

14. What are the characteristics of carbuncles?

15. NIH
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
Does research - (not stats)

16. Trichonella spiralis
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
river blindness - flies - in Africa
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
Canine feces - found in dogs - wolves and humans - hydatid cysts in live and lung

17. Neurotoxin
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
old name
parkinson's - aka paralysis agitans - shuffling / festering gait
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC

18. Teania solium
pharyngitis
rheumatic fever
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
ncooked pork

19. Shistosoma japonicum in blood
tertiary syphilis
measles (rubeola / red measles) - on buccal mucosa - white / bluish spots
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
McCallums Patch

20. What are the signs and symptoms of impetigo?
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus

21. Inactivated vaccine
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first
salk - rabies
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test
Yellow fever

22. MHC
whooping cough
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus

23. Ascaris lumbricoides

24. West nile virus
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
eats off living organism
eastern equine encephalitis
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity

25. Details of erysipelas

26. IgG first to increase (second exposure

27. What causes Group A beta hemolytic strep?
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
Goodpasteur
staph aureus
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)

28. What separates staph from other staph?
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
direct uptake of free DNA
145
Coagulase

29. Smallpox
guarnari bodies
Brody's abcess
Measles
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk

30. Poliovirus
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
spread by food - self limiting
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs

31. All mycobacterium are _____
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics

32. Family and genus
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
red jelly sputum
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
strawberry tongue

33. What is the number one cause of impetigo and myelitis?
Measles
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba
staph aureus
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters

34. What complements indicate a membrane attack complex?
grown in candle jars culture
C5B - C9
Affects mitral valve (aka ashkov bodies) - Can = carditis - Sammy = syndenham's chorea - Suck = subcutaneous nodule - Ethyl's = Erythema marginatum - Polyps = migratory Polyarthritis
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm

35. Sterilization / autoclave
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin

36. Yellow/green purulent
gonorrhea
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus

37. Polio
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test
Chlamydia
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)

38. Amphitrichus

39. Flasciolopsis buski in intestines
developed humoral 'phagocytic' theory of immune response
Does research - (not stats)
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants
Tetanus - botulism

40. Opsonin
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]
Controls FDA - CDC - US Public Health Services
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever

41. What are the 5 diseases caused by staph aureus?
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]

42. Yersinia pestis
bubonic plague
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)

43. Primary water purification process
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
influenza

44. Genus and species
TB
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid

45. Tuberculosis test
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
spontaneous abortion in cattle
fix gross specimens

46. What do heterotrophs eat?
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
Affects mitral valve (aka ashkov bodies) - Can = carditis - Sammy = syndenham's chorea - Suck = subcutaneous nodule - Ethyl's = Erythema marginatum - Polyps = migratory Polyarthritis
'around' - flagella everywhere
organic material

47. Facultative
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus
Measles
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first

48. Acid fast
mononucleosis
staph aureus
stain for mycobacteria
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand

49. Leading cause of death world wide
grown in candle jars culture
Monitors soil - air and water quality
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants

50. IgD
developed the first microscope - saw microorganisms
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
Helps IgG
for gram negative - competes with PABA