Microbiology Board

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Poliovirus
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
pharyngitis
Inflammation of parotids


2. Aschoff bodies are associated with...
rheumatic fever
proved bacteria 'causes' disease - Koch's 4 postulates
viral hepatitis
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants


3. Trichuris trichura

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4. Leptospira

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5. Diphyllobothrium latum
Does research - (not stats)
bubonic plague
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it


6. What do autotrophs eat?
Identifies risk factors
Classified streptococcus
Inorganic material
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)


7. What are the only Gram + organisms?
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
Live polio vaccine - given orally
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever
C3B complement


8. What is the purpose of complement system?
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis


9. Salmonella
Inflammation of parotids
Monitors soil - air and water quality
Classified streptococcus
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop


10. Pyusner - Stanley
'around' - flagella everywhere
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep


11. Which vaccines are manufactured using monkey kidney tissue?
polio
influenza
Regulated health products to the public
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue


12. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC
Chlamydia
staph aureus
rabies and hydrophobia


13. Lancefield - Rebecca
Classified streptococcus
rabies and hydrophobia
T-cell growth factor - made by CD4 cells - CD4 = T-Helper cell = 'quarterback' of immune system - directs response of immune system
red jelly sputum


14. Shistosoma japonicum in blood
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)
Identifies risk factors
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
In raw contaminated fish


15. Formaldehyde
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
Helps IgG
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar
fix gross specimens


16. Yersinia pestis
Does research - (not stats)
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
bubonic plague


17. Escherichia E.coli

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18. Transformation
'old age pigment' - lipid residue - build up of lipofuscin in organs = 'brown's atrophy'
rabies and hydrophobia
direct uptake of free DNA
causes diarrhea


19. Secondary water purification process
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
genital herpes 'below the belt'
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
rabies and hydrophobia


20. Streptomycin
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants
dead/decaying material


21. Hypersensitivity reactions
toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell - heat stable - gram (-) have these
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
serratia marcenscus
Catalase


22. Interleukins
Chemicals produced by cells - (I - II - III)
In raw contaminated fish
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
pre-op disinfectant


23. Is AIDS a primary or secondary immune deficiency?
for typhoid fever
secondary
Identifies risk factors
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis


24. Semmelweiss
polio
Monitors soil - air and water quality
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth
stain for mycobacteria


25. What complements indicate a membrane attack complex?
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma
C5B - C9
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin
was used for newborn's eyes (no longer used now - erythromycin instead) - prevents ophthalmia neonatorum (most common cause = gonorrhea)


26. IgM pentamer (10 binding sites)
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
In liver - contaminated aquatic plants (ie kelp) - hemoptysis
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it


27. Aka's for TB test
Typhoid fever - salmonella enteridese -> from chicken poop
Helps IgG
Mantoux test - tine test - skin prick test
all spread by mosquitos


28. Herpes simplex virus type 2

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29. Franciella
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
Dicks test
direct uptake of free DNA
strawberry tongue


30. What separates staph and strep?
Catalase
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever


31. Guarneri bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
spontaneous abortion in cattle
C3B complement
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
small pox (variola)


32. Scarlet fever ak
C3B complement
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
'around' - flagella everywhere
strawberry tongue


33. Sabin
Live polio vaccine - given orally
heterophile agglutination test for mononucleosis - downy cell inclusion bodies 'don't let mono get you down'
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it


34. Epithelioid histiocytes are inclusion bodies associated with...
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
2 populations living together - one or both benefit
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active
TB


35. What separates staph from other staph?
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water
Coagulase


36. Capsomere

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37. Bordatellum
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
mononucleosis
whooping cough


38. What is combined immunosuppressant disease?
no T cells and no B cells
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
Goodpasteur
Monitors soil - air and water quality


39. What is the best test for water pollution?
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
145
atypical lymphocytes
responsible for milk and milk products


40. Loa Loa
PDD = purified protein derivative - Type IV (Delayed hypersensitivity reaction) - Ziehl Neilson staining (shows acid fast) - chest x-ray john complex
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
2 populations living together - one or both benefit
fix gross specimens


41. All mycobacterium are _____
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
Identifies risk factors
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters


42. Shigella
dysentery
pharyngitis
161
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first


43. Interleukin I
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue
D= Dwarf H= Spreading M= Mucoid capsule forming - related to virulence O= compact (O vs H) R= Rough S= Smooth
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)


44. Koch

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45. Herpes simplex
Brody's abcess
staph aureus
Injection of attenuated organism - ie. tetanus toxoid = inactivated portion that triggers immune system to make antibody
Cranial nerve V pattern


46. Silver nitrate

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47. Tetracycline
Bruten's A Gamma Globulin Anemia - (primary immune deficiency)
Canine feces - found in dogs - wolves and humans - hydatid cysts in live and lung
Made by big bone marrow - in blood and lymph system
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown


48. Which vaccines are manufactured using human diploid cells?
Chlamydia
bubonic plague
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
rubella - rabies - Hep A


49. What do saprophytes eat?
subunit of protein coat 'capsid' of virus particle
dead/decaying material
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)


50. White purulent
influenza
Chlamydia
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
Brody's abcess