Test your basic knowledge |

Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Hepatitis A
pharyngitis
for gram positive - inhibits cell wall synthesis
spread by food - self limiting
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast

2. IgG first to increase (second exposure

3. Inactivated vaccine
spontaneous abortion in cattle
salk - rabies
eliminates placebo
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)

4. Semmelweiss
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
TB
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
Came up with washing hands before delivering baby and significantly reduced puerperal fever (aka childbed fever) - this can develop into sepsis - contracted by women after childbirth

5. Enterobacteria
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin
causes diarrhea
river blindness - flies - in Africa
rabies and hydrophobia

6. Guarneri bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
small pox (variola)
staph aureus

7. Lipofuscin are inclusion bodies associated with...

8. What are the 4 Koch's postulates
guarnari bodies
Helps IgG
for staph
1. find microorganism in people suffering from the disease 2. isolate and grow the microorganism in culture 3. should cause disease in a healthy individual when introduced 4. re-isolate microorganism from the inoculated people

9. Polio
parkinson's - aka paralysis agitans - shuffling / festering gait
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
serratia marcenscus
ncooked pork

10. What is seen with mononucleosis heterophile antibody?

11. Reed sternberg are inclusion bodies associated with...

12. IgA secretory antibody (mucosal antibody)
types I - IV - pneumonic = ACID (see future flash card)
Catalase
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast

13. Commensalism
Measles
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
TB (inactive phase) -calcium 'jail' around mycobacterium
2 populations living together - one benefits - the other is unaffected

14. Exotoxin
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source
T-cell growth factor - made by CD4 cells - CD4 = T-Helper cell = 'quarterback' of immune system - directs response of immune system
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species

15. Amphitrichus

16. What is the number one cause of impetigo and myelitis?
oral-fecal - colicky pain - lives in small intestines - most common roundworm ('ass' is round) infection worldwide - most common helminth world wide
staph aureus
Dicks test
proved bacteria 'causes' disease - Koch's 4 postulates

17. What will result if born without B cells at birth?

18. What causes Group A beta hemolytic strep?
Catalase
Goodpasteur
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus
proved bacteria 'causes' disease - Koch's 4 postulates

19. Enterotoxin
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
influenza
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic

20. What do parasites eat?
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
BLCCSS (blocks) - Bacillus - Listeria monocytogenes - Clostridium - Corynebacterium diphtheriae - Staph - Strep
parkinson's - aka paralysis agitans - shuffling / festering gait
eats off living organism

21. Red purulent
Affects mitral valve (aka ashkov bodies) - Can = carditis - Sammy = syndenham's chorea - Suck = subcutaneous nodule - Ethyl's = Erythema marginatum - Polyps = migratory Polyarthritis
Ascholi test
fever blisters (cold sores) above the belt can be trigeminal aka gasserian nucleus
serratia marcenscus

22. Which vaccines are manufactured using chick peas?
Measles - mumps vaccine
Legionnaire disease - water droplets - pontiac disease
Major histocompatibility complex - Act as a post on surface (self vs non-self) - involve with tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells recognize MHC I - B-cells recognize MHC I & II
Transfer of disease from animal to human - (ie anthrax gram + - sporulates)

23. What is the best test for water pollution?
bloody transfusions
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance
Inorganic material

24. Trichuris trichura

25. Shistosoma japonicum in blood
franciella tularensis - rabbit fever
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
developed smallpox vaccine
Strep pyogenes

26. Smallpox
'both' flagella are on both poles
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
guarnari bodies
viral hepatitis

27. Herpes simplex
1. find microorganism in people suffering from the disease 2. isolate and grow the microorganism in culture 3. should cause disease in a healthy individual when introduced 4. re-isolate microorganism from the inoculated people
Measles
hepatitis associated with alcoholism
Cranial nerve V pattern

28. Transduction
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
for staph
rheumatic fever
Chocolate agar aka Thayer Martin agar aka heated blood agar

29. Cell conjugation
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
antisepsis - used carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments
bubonic plague
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance

30. Babes Ernst Granules are inclusion bodies associated with...
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'
Classified streptococcus
metachromatic granules seen in diphtheria (pseudomembrane in throat)
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2

31. Scarlet fever ak
Comes from milk - (this is the only one not from an insect)
eliminates placebo
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
strawberry tongue

32. Fomite
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active
Catalase
genital herpes 'below the belt'
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris

33. Mallory bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
eliminates placebo
measles (rubeola / red measles) - on buccal mucosa - white / bluish spots
whooping cough
hepatitis associated with alcoholism

34. Yersinia pestis
ncooked pork
bubonic plague
'around' - flagella everywhere
Controls FDA - CDC - US Public Health Services

35. Encephalitis
all spread by mosquitos
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
strawberry tongue
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it

36. Don't let mono get you down'
I - Immune-complex mediated - IgG and complement [3 things = type III] = antigen + antibody + complement
pre-op disinfectant
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver
atypical lymphocytes

37. Case control study
small pox (variola)
Identifies risk factors
Can be in presence of absence of O2 - facultative aerobe = prefers O2 - facultative anaerobe = prefers no O2
spread by food - self limiting

38. West nile virus
serratia marcenscus
eastern equine encephalitis
direct uptake of free DNA
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)

39. Rubeola
Measles
discovered prions (acellular proteins which denature other proteins) - prions cause mad cow disease - creutzfield jacob - scrapie in sheep - kuru in New Guinea
heterophile agglutinization (Paul Bunnel) - Downey cell (don't let mono get you down) - monospot
eliminates placebo

40. Ascaris lumbricoides

41. Sterilization / autoclave
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
discovered penicillin
'around' - flagella everywhere
pre-op disinfectant

42. EPA
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
Monitors soil - air and water quality
ncooked pork
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin

43. Downey cells are inclusion bodies associated with...
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)
In raw contaminated fish
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
mononucleosis

44. Genus and species
salk - rabies
e coli in water purification - fecal contamination in water
Indicate how the organisms are named - (King Paul Can Only Find Good Spices) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm

45. HHS
toxin that affects the nervous system - ie. botulism - tetanus
C5B - C9
Controls FDA - CDC - US Public Health Services
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity

46. What are the signs and symptoms of impetigo?
proved bacteria 'causes' disease - Koch's 4 postulates
1 congenital malformations 2 prematurity
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
Infection in children - honey crusted lesions around the mouth - #1 cause is staph aureus

47. What complements indicate a membrane attack complex?
C5B - C9
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
rheumatic fever
bloody transfusions

48. Poliovirus
anterior horn - lower motor neuron signs
Mucous membrane (saliva - tears) - buys time for the body to recognize the invader - breast milk
2 populations living together - one benefits - the other is unaffected
organic material

49. Symbiosis
heterophile agglutination test for mononucleosis - downy cell inclusion bodies 'don't let mono get you down'
2 populations living together - one or both benefit
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
rabies and hydrophobia

50. Epithelioid histiocytes are inclusion bodies associated with...
staph aureus
for gram negative - inhibits protein synthesis
'both' flagella are on both poles
TB