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Microbiology Board

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Aschoff bodies are associated with...
rabies and hydrophobia
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
active = body must actively make antibodies - passive = body receives antibodies from outside source
rheumatic fever

2. Loa Loa
Influenza
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm

3. Amphitrichus

4. Iodine
pre-op disinfectant
Mantoux test aka tinne test aka skin prick test - PPD = purified protein derivative - delayed hypersensitivity (Type IV) - Zeihl Nielson staining (acid fast) - gohn complex in lung
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
hemorrhagic jaundice - aka Wheel's disease

5. Toxoid
Inactivated toxin (active artificial immunity)
Trichinosis - raw pork - lives in striated muscles - intercostals and diaphragm - diagnosed on x-ray especially gastrocnemius biopsy to confirm
acid fast - M=mycobacterium - A=acid - F=fast
secondary

6. Downey cells are inclusion bodies associated with...
Non specific - largest and heaviest - first to increase (first exposure)
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
given antibody in utero - breastfeeding - in utero = IgG - breastfeeding = IgA
mononucleosis

7. Cell conjugation
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance
aka St Anthony's Fire - superficial form of cellulitis - inflammation of dermis
Hodgkin's
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage

8. Herpes simplex virus type 2

9. Microareophilic reduced oxygen (ie high altitude plants)
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba
grown in candle jars culture
Classified streptococcus
for staph

10. Formaldehyde
Chlamydia
fix gross specimens
viral hepatitis
Measles

11. Leptospira

12. What separates staph from other staph?
ncooked pork
Coagulase
responsible for milk and milk products
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis

13. Eukaryotes
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba
discovered the virus - tobacco mosaic virus was the first
Brody's abcess
Identifies risk factors

14. Enterotoxin
guarnari bodies
toxin that affects the intestines - ie. lipopolysaccharides can be enterotoxic
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
pre-op disinfectant

15. What are the 5 diseases caused by staph aureus?
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]
Transmitted fecal-oral contamination - affects anterior horn (alpha motor)
Ascholi test
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba

16. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
In raw contaminated fish
Measles - mumps - rubella - Sabin
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown
D - Delayed hypersensitivity - aka cell mediated aka cellular - T-Cell lymohocytes - this is the only one NOT antibody mediated - transplant rejection via MHC

17. Brucella
'both' flagella are on both poles
fish - mouth - contaminated sushi - may cause pernicious anemia (B12) - yellow fin tuna most commonly has it
spontaneous abortion in cattle
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever

18. Is AIDS a primary or secondary immune deficiency?
secondary
tertiary syphilis
SERGIS: - Strep throat - Erysipelas - Rheumatic fever - Glomerulonephritis - Impetigo - Scarlet Fever
all spread by mosquitos

19. Exotoxin
guarnari bodies
Identifies risk factors
toxin outside the cell from cellular waste products - heat labile - cook your food!
Comma shape - massive diarrhea 'rice water stool'

20. IgE parasitic infections
ncooked pork
pre-op disinfectant
river blindness - flies - in Africa
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)

21. Wuchereria bancrofti
river eye worm - flies - aka African Eye Worm
filiariasis - mosquitoes - elephants - lymphatic blockage
Affects mitral valve (aka ashkov bodies) - Can = carditis - Sammy = syndenham's chorea - Suck = subcutaneous nodule - Ethyl's = Erythema marginatum - Polyps = migratory Polyarthritis
Lymphocyte activating factor - made by macrophages for brain and nervous tissue

22. Sterilization / autoclave
for serology test for all rickettsia except coxiella burnetti (Q fever) - antigen for test = proteus vulgaris
Steam heat under - denatures membranes - ineffective against prions
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact

23. Opsonin
the purpose of opsonization is to enhance phagocytosis - (marks the target for strike)
exposed to disease = body reacts - ie. measles - chicken pox triggers antibody production
polio
1 tuberculosis 2 malaria

24. Corneybacterium
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
Measles - mumps vaccine
dyptheria - gray pseudomembrane in throat - pleomorphic - many shapes - chinese characters
river blindness - flies - in Africa

25. What complements indicate a membrane attack complex?
river blindness - flies - in Africa
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
C5B - C9
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall

26. Peritrichus

27. What viral disease has an antigenic shift and/or drift?
eastern equine encephalitis
influenza
Influenza
TB (inactive phase) -calcium 'jail' around mycobacterium

28. Criteria of rheumatic fever

29. Details of erysipelas

30. Double blind study
Helps IgG
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus
eliminates placebo
discovered bacteriophage - an altered virus

31. Hasteurellis
(not research) - morbidity and epidemiology statistics
Monitors soil - air and water quality
old name
STOIC: Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - Toxic shockOsteomyelitis - Impetigo - Carbuncles [staph aureus produces alpha toxin aka alpha hemolysin]

32. Flasciolopsis buski in intestines
gonorrhea
small pox (variola)
Categorizes streptococcus demonstrates the type of hemolysis (destruction of RBCs)
aquatic plants - contaminated snail feces gets into plants

33. Gummas are inclusion bodies associated with...
McCallums Patch
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
Identifies risk factors
tertiary syphilis

34. Burnet/Metchinkoff

35. Tetracycline
bubonic plague
Cranial nerve V pattern
C - Cytotoxic - IgG - [2 things = type II] antigen + antibody
for gram negative and positive - inhibits protein synthesis - turns teeth gray or yellow brown

36. Interleukin II

37. Jenner
developed smallpox vaccine
145
Tetanus by blocking inhibitory GABA and glycine - (GABA in brain - glycine in spinal cord)
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)

38. Fomite
Canine feces - found in dogs - wolves and humans - hydatid cysts in live and lung
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)
Inanimate object is a vector - hapten partial or half antigen - does not stimulate immune response - needs to bind to protein to become active

39. Koch

40. What are the 4 Koch's postulates
atypical pneumonia - mycoplasms lacks cell wall
pre-op disinfectant
Indicate how the organisms are organized and classified
1. find microorganism in people suffering from the disease 2. isolate and grow the microorganism in culture 3. should cause disease in a healthy individual when introduced 4. re-isolate microorganism from the inoculated people

41. Guillene-Barre
aka post-infectious polyradiculopathy - ascending demyelination of PNS - can be acquired after influenza vaccination or infection
rheumatic fever
pinworm - anus-finger-mouth - scotch tape or anal cellophane - nocturnal anal itching - most common helminth in the US
river blindness - flies - in Africa

42. What is the purpose of complement system?
enhances phagocytosis or cellular lysis
'around' - flagella everywhere
viral hepatitis
proved bacteria 'causes' disease - Koch's 4 postulates

43. West nile virus
eastern equine encephalitis
plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus - bestows antimicrobial resistance
dead polio vaccine - by injection - done before Sabin
Yellow fever

44. Taenia saginata
uncooked beef
blue/green pus - warm moist places - most common pneumonia and cyclic fibrosis
5. sand filtration (removes anaerobic bacteria) 6. aeration (adds oxygen) 7. chlorination (kills remaining bacteria) 8. possible flouridation
1. filtration 2. flocculation (aluminum salts) 3. sedimentation 4. sludge digestion (add anaerobic bacteria)

45. Transduction
follows dermatome
red jelly sputum
staph aureus
bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria - bacteriophage = altered virus

46. Hepatitis B
gonorrhea
Most common liver cancer - spread by dirty needles and sexual contact
organic material
Allergic reactions - increases in Hodgkins disease (Reed-Sternberg cells)

47. Russell bodies are inclusion bodies associated with...
tertiary syphilis
2 populations living together - one benefits - the other is unaffected
antibody against a toxin - (artificial passive immunity) - purified antiserum from animals who have been given the toxoid
In plasma cells - consists of antibodies - from chronic inflammation - and malignant disorders - associated with multiple myeloma

48. Rubeola
aka ancylostoma duodenale - fecal contaminated soil - wear shoes to prevent - most common hookworm in US
Measles
True nucleus - organelles ie. human cells - protozoa like giardia and amoeba
eastern equine encephalitis

49. USDA
most common cause of UTI - enterotoxic - 'traveller's disease' - E.coli 157 - enterohemorrhagic (meat)
161
responsible for milk and milk products
Goodpasteur

50. Prokaryotes
Many furuncles (infected hair follicles) - 'a CAR load of furuncles' - #1 cause is staph aureus
Multiple flagella on one pole (tuft at one end)
No true nucleus - no organelles (no mitochondria) ie. bacteria
Infested waters - penetrates unbroken skin - host is snail - most common cause of death in helminth world wide - inhabits liver