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Microphones Theory

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pair of cardioids facing to the front and rear - plus a sideways - facing figure 8; Mid- sides pair plus another rear- facing cardioid which is combined with the same Figure 8 mic for the surrounds.






2. DC Voltage Req'd for capsule polarizing voltage and internal mic preamps; 3 sources: External Power Supply Unit (PSU); Phantom Power; Battery.






3. One of the world's greatest condenser microphones prized for the CK12 capsule.






4. 4 coincident mics each positioned at 90






5. Increasing magnetic field strength is the only practical means of increasing output voltage; Conductor movement is limited due to tension of the ribbon; and ribbon length increases lead to a loss of high frequency response.






6. 4 to 6 ft. from the player; Mic should be placed below the line of sight of the bell - rotated at about 40 degrees off- axis - and tilted upward.






7. Small Diaphragm Electret condensers; Extremely flat frequency response; Omnidirectional pattern.






8. The first microphone sold by Shure; Military awarded Shure a contract to build microphones in WWII.






9. The combination of the ribbon and magnet in a ribbon microphone.






10. Filters only the bandwidth of frequencies that are supposed to (or allowed) to pass through; High and Low Pass are examples.






11. Responds to air pressure variations outside of the capsule; Not selective of direction; Natural polar pattern is omnidirectional.






12. E = Blv - e - Electromotive Force (in volts) - B - is the magnetic field strength - l - is the length of the conductor - v - is the velocity of the conductor moving through the magnetic field






13. Flat plate that controls or directs the flow of sound energy in a crystal/ceramic mic.






14. Close mic placement can help guard again bleed from other instruments and takes advantage of proximity effect; Center of cone = Brighter; Outside of cone = Darker; Reflections can create phase issues (can be reduced by putting the cabinet at an angle






15. Tube with ports down the side with the mic capsule at the bottom; Sounds entering the tube from on - axis interact inside the tube with the sounds coming in through the side ports - an interfere with each other in such a way as to partially cancel of






16. First microphone invented by Georg Neumann






17. Characterized by a vacuum tube transducer; Heat rises so many are hung upside down to prevent heat from reaching the microphone head; Avoid jostling or shaking these fragile mics.






18. Sub- frequency (below 100Hz) capture device designed for use with kick drums and floor toms as an alternative or supplement to a traditional microphone.






19. Never store mic in a damp place; Keep dirt & dust away from the mic; Never 'pop' test the mic; Check if a mic is working by lightly scratching the grill.






20. The lowest - and usually most intense - frequency of a complex sound; Most often perceived as the sound's basic pitch.






21. An electromagnetic microphone - in which a thin - corrugated ribbon is suspended within a high magnetic flux field; Excellent transient response due to the small amount of acoustic energy required to move diaphragm.






22. Barrier made of shaped wire covered with a piece of nylon that is placed between a sensitive mic and the talent to avoid damage to the diaphragm of the mic.






23. Coincident pairing angled between 90






24. Angle of maximum signal rejection in a microphone polar pattern.






25. Aluminum Ribbon - Bi-Polar (Figure 8); Side Address; Manufactured by Shiny Box; Buttery mid- range improves digital recordings and smooths out modern treble; Best on drums - piano - overheads - and vocals where treble is focused.






26. Dynamic; Cardioid; End Address; Manufactured by Shure; Considered the industry standard for live vocal performance microphones; One of the best- selling microphones in the world.






27. An instrument for detecting sound transmitted through water commonly manufactured using ceramic piezoelectric material.






28. Modeled to mimic a human head for extremely good spatialization; Shaped like a human head.






29. Dutch broadcasting stereo mic technique; An X-Y type with the mics 30cm apart and at a 90






30. Bioacoustic Research; Documentary Journalism; Radio; Film/TV Production; Audio Post Production.






31. More compelling sound - giving both depth and perspective.






32. Captures sounds arriving 90






33. Allows all low frequencies to pass; Blocks the higher frequencies from being processed.






34. Voltage applied to piezoelectric material will cause it to deform or change shape; NO PHANTOM POWER!






35. Coincident pairing that is at 90






36. Often look like large diaphragm studio mics; Talk or sing into the side of the microphone.






37. Term coined by Sir Charles Wheatstone derived from the Greek words 'micro' (small) & 'phon' (sound).






38. Used in production sound for multiple perspectives on the set; Used in Audio Post to record a number of mics into a recorder with minimal set- up & tear down.






39. Phenomenon causing carbon microphones to lose sensitivity as granules become packed together over extended use; To remedy problem mic is gently rapped on hard surface.






40. Condenser; Cardioid; End Address; 48V Required; Manufactured by Neumann; Consists of three compact miniature microphones; Has a gentle rise at about 9 kHz that provides tonal balance that is fresher and livelier.






41. Changes in air pressure from the front or the back can cause polarity cancellation; Sides have good rejection; Natural polar pattern is bidirectional.






42. Founded AKG at the end of WWII in Austria.






43. The first phantom powered condenser microphone designed for use by Georg Neumann for Norwegian State Television.






44. Moving a conductor (a coil of wire) through a magnetic field will cause a voltage to be induced across the conductor.

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45. This is what is measured to produce an electrical signal in condenser mics; This changes as sound waves strike the diaphragm causing the distance to the back plate to change.






46. The arm of the mic stand; Includes the angle adjust & telescopic adjust.






47. The first dynamic microphone with changeable polar patterns.






48. Method of creating low end effects from a bass drum by creating a tunnel at the mic end thus trapping sound and amplifying low end boost.






49. Electro- acoustic device attached to a transducer that vibrates to receive or produce sound waves which put the device into motion.






50. Used in adverse conditions to protect from elements like sand - or dust.