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Modern Material Science And Engineering

Subject : engineering
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Microscopes that focus a high- energy beam of electrons at the source and collect the back- scattered beam of these electrons






2. The use of light to magnify objects up to 2000 times






3. The density a material would have if it consisted of a single perfect lattice






4. Point defects that occur when an atom occupies a space that is normally vacant






5. The lowest stress level at which a slip will begin in the material






6. Most common of the non - cubic bravais lattices; having six atoms forming a hexagon on both the top and bottom and a single atom positioned in the center - between the two hexagonal rings






7. The second step in the formation of crystallites - which is dependent on temperature and can be described using the arrhenius equation






8. Formula that relates interplaner spacing in a lattice to constructive interference of diffracted X- rays


9. Large scale lattice defects that occur from alterations to the structure of the lattice itself






10. The systematic reduction in intensity of diffraction peaks from specific lattice planes






11. Composed of both the slip plane and the slip directions






12. The amount of the unit cell occupied by atoms as opposed to void space






13. Provides a framework for the new atoms to follow in constructing a monocrystal






14. Regions of a material in which atoms are arranged in a regular pattern






15. Materials whose order extends only to nearest neighbor atoms






16. Large - artificially produced monocrystals






17. The third level of structure in materials - describing the sequencing of crystals at a level invisible to the human eye






18. Point defects that result when an atom in the lattice is replaced with an atom of a different element






19. A hypothetical structure accounting for irregularities in the boundaries between crystallites






20. Point defects that result from the absence of an atom at a particular site






21. Materials in which the entire structure is a single unbroken grain






22. The process of forming small aligned clusters of atoms that serve as the framework for crystal growth






23. The distance between repeated planes in a lattice






24. A flaw in the structure of a material that occurs at a single site in the lattice - such as vacancies - substitutions - and interstitial defects






25. Crystallite materials with sizes of nanometers in length






26. The direction that dislocation moves in






27. A nullification caused by two waves interacting out of phase






28. A standard used to measure the spread in the peak of a diffractogram - measures at the intensity value corresponding to the half highest value in the peak






29. Homogeneous nucleation: grain boundaries: lattice/surface interactions:






30. Generalized equation used to predict the temperature dependence of various physics properties






31. The clustering of atoms around an impurity that provide a template for crystal growth






32. The filling of a vancacy in the partial plane of an edge dislocation by an adjacent atom resulting in a shrinking of the crystal in the direction perpendicular to the partial plane






33. A mathematical representation of the magnitude and direction of distortions in a lattice caused by dislocations






34. The second level of the structure of materials - describing how the atoms are positioned in relation to one another as well and the type of bonding between them






35. The equations used to determine the critical resolved shear stress in a material


36. A specific set of h






37. The interaction of waves






38. A numerical quantity developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) to characterize grain sizes in materials






39. A point defect found in ceramic materials that occurs when a cation diffuses onto an interstitial site on the lattice






40. A point defect that occurs in ceramics when both a cation and an anion are missing from a lattice






41. One of the bravais lattices that has one atom in each of the 8 corners of the unit cell and one atom on each face of the unit cell






42. The line extending along the extra partial plane of atoms in an edge dislocation






43. The ares of a material that separate different crystallite regions






44. One of the bravais lattice that contains one atom in each corner of the unit cell as well as one atom in the center of the unit cell






45. The increase in amplitude resulting from two or more waves interacting in phase






46. The presence of both screw and edge dislocations separated by a distance in the same lattice






47. Mechanism by which dislocations move in directions that are perpendicular to the slip plane






48. Tiny clusters of arranged atoms that serve as the frameworks for subsequent crystal growth






49. A means of relating the amount of spreading in a X- ray diffractogram to the thickness of the crystallites in the sample






50. New planes formed after the material has undergone slip