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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What does lack of ATP cause
Erythema nodosum
Median nerve - lunate bone
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Rigor mortis
2. Sarcoid TX
Steroids
MCP - PIP - no DIP
Chondrosarcoma
Ephelis
3. fracture of a supracondylar humerus - nerve - motor - sensory - sign and more distal lesion causing the same nerve
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
Carbonic anhydrase II
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
Pagets dz - bone infarcts - radiation - familial retinoblastoma - codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum - poor prognsosis
4. Where is C4 dermatome
Intraepidermal bullae involving the skin and oral mucosa
Adductor policis brevis
Cervical disk lesion
Over deltoid
5. What autoantibodies are formed in sjogrens syndrome
Ribonucleoprotein antigents - SS- A and SS- B (Ro and La)
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Pagets dz - bone infarcts - radiation - familial retinoblastoma - codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum - poor prognsosis
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
6. yellow when parallel and blue when perpendicular
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)
Biceps
Gout
Dermatomyositis
7. How does gonococcal arthritis present
Carbonic anhydrase II
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Pemphigus vulgaris
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
8. What does acantholysis show in pemphigus vulgaris
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
Intraepidermal bullae involving the skin and oral mucosa
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid
9. MG is associated with what neoplasm
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
Thymoma
Integrin binds laminin in BM
10. herald path followed by days later christmas tree distribution - multiple papular eruptions; remits spontaneously
Scleroderma
Erythema nodosum
Verrucae
Pityriasis rosea
11. What does abnl passive abduction of the knee indicate
Upper trunk compression - biceps - brachialis - corachobrachialis - flexion of arm at elbow - sensory = lateraly forearm
Torn MCL
Head - trunk - extremities - common benign neoplasm in older persons
EtOH metabolites compete for same excretion site in kidney as uric acid - causing dec uric acid secretion and subsequent buildup
12. What are predisposing factors for osteosarcoma - xray finding
13. Loss of what muscles in Erbs causes the forearm to be pronated
Medial aspect
Basal cell carcinoma - pearly papules - commonly with telangiectasias
Lung
Biceps
14. What does MLCK do in smooth muscle contraction
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Urticaria
McCune - Albright syndrome
Phosphorylates myosin light chain which leads to cross bridge formation
15. Damage to what 3 structures is common for the unhappy triad
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)
Morning stiffness for > 30 min improving with use - symmetry - systemic sx
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Anti Smith
16. What is the sign of Leser - Trelat
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid
Ulnar
Crust
17. What lesion causes winged scapula
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Osteoporosis
Corneum - lucidum - granulosum - spinosum - basalis
Long thoracic nerve
18. What is the TX for chronic gout
Phosphorylated
Allopurinaol - uricosurics (probenicid)
Type 2
Urticaria
19. What nerve is injured in a fracture of the medial epicondyle of humerus - and What is a more distal lesion injuring the same nerve
Actinic keratosis
Papule
Inc alk phos - abnl bone architecture
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
20. What medication is contraindicated in osteoporosis
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
Glucocorticoids
Embryologic - childbirth defect - cervical rib compression - atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences - atrophy of interosseous muscles - sensory deficits of the medial side of the forearm and hand - disappearance of the radial pulse upon movin
Viral - maybe paramyxovirus
21. interlacing trabeculae of woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts
Osteoid osteoma
Lung
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Abduct the fingers
22. larger osteoid osteoma found in vertebral column
Osteoblastoma
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Tear of the ACL
Plaque
23. In which joints does pseudogout typically occur
Large goints (knee)
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Nl - thickened dense bones
Acanthosis nigcricans
24. What happens at the gap jxn and what molecules create them
Palisading
Median nerve
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
25. What antibody is less sensitive than RF but more specific and What is the HLA association
Calmodulin - complex activates myosin light chain kinase
Inc Ca - dec phos - inc alk phos - inc PTH - brown tumors
Cartilaginous by chondrocytes first - osteoclasts and osteoblasts later replace with women bone and remodel to lamellar bone - endochondrial ossification
Anti - CCP - HLA- DR4
26. What are the lab findings in osteomalacia/rickets
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
Bullous pemphigoid - linear immunofluorescence - eosinphils within blisters - similar to but less severed thatn pemphigus vulgaris - spares oral mucosa - negaitve nikolsky's sign
Dec Ca - dec phos - nl alk phos - inc PTH - soft bones
Over deltoid
27. Where does the muscle contraction travel after leaving the motor end plate
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
Osteoarthritis
Erythema nodosum
Down T tubule
28. Why does EtOH consumption precipitate gout
EtOH metabolites compete for same excretion site in kidney as uric acid - causing dec uric acid secretion and subsequent buildup
Subclavius
Osteogenic carcinoma
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
29. hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum seen in psoriasis
Parakeratosis
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Sites of tibial attachment
30. inflammatory disorder affective synovial joints with pannus formation in joints
Scleroderma
Trauma
Rheumatoid arthritis
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
31. What causes osteomalacia/ricketts - why - and What therapy can reverse the symptoms
Melasma (chloasma)
Macule
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Flex the MCP joints and extend both the DIP and PIP joints
32. What is a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
Expansile glistening mass within the medullary cavity
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
Actinic keratosis
33. acute painful spreading infxn of dermis and subQ tissues - condition and orgs
Cellulitis - s aureus - s pyogenes
Posterior hip dislocation - can't jump - climb stairs or rise from seated positions
Dermatitis herpetiformis
ANA - sensitive but not specific
34. What do the lumbrical muscles do
Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion - ulnar claw hand - pope's blessing
Intraepidermal bullae involving the skin and oral mucosa
Subclavius
Flex at the MCP
35. What do palmar interosseous muscles do
3rd finger
Adduct the fingers
Nl - decreased bone mass
After a large meal or EtOH conspumption
36. What lesion causes dec in thumb fxn 'ape hand'
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+
Median nerve
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
37. What nerve become injured in the incorrect use of a crutch
Spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells
Pseudogout
MCP - PIP - no DIP
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
38. What kind of endocrine abnl are associated with McCune Albright
Onion skin - 11:22 - diaphysis of long bones - pelvis - scapula - ribs
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs
Precocious puberty
Adductor policis brevis
39. subchondreal cysts - sclerosis - osteophytes - joint space narrowing - eburnation - hebereden's nodes (DIP) bouchard nodes (PIP) - characteristic findings of this dz
Mosiac bone pattern - long bone chalk stick fractures - increased hat size or hearing loss due to auditory foramen narrowing
Verrucae
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Osteoarthritis
40. What organisms can cause chronic infectious arthritis
Medial aspect
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Paralysis of lateral rotators
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
41. What do pseudogout crystals appear like microscopically
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Mesenchymal stem cells in periosteum
42. loss of what muscles in Erbs causes the medial rotation
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Paralysis of lateral rotators
Inc Ca - dec phos - inc alk phos - inc PTH - brown tumors
Albinism
43. epi of SLE
Cartilaginous by chondrocytes first - osteoclasts and osteoblasts later replace with women bone and remodel to lamellar bone - endochondrial ossification
Seborrheic keratosis
EtOH metabolites compete for same excretion site in kidney as uric acid - causing dec uric acid secretion and subsequent buildup
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
44. What causes a lesion in the upper trunk of the brachial plexus
Trauma
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Paralysis of abductors
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
45. pelvic fracture can cause injury to which nerve - and What are the motor and sens def
Nl - decreased bone mass
Femoral - thing flexion and leg extension - anterior thigh and medial leg
Anterior interosseous nerve
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
46. What kind of hypersens rxn is RA - and what serum marker is present in 80% of RA pts
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
Connects cells to underlying extracellular - bullous pemphigoid
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
Type III - RF
47. fever - bulla formation and necrosis - sloughing of skin and high mortality - syndrome and associations
Post GI infxn or chlamydia
Lower trunk of brachial plexus
Stevens johnson syndrome - associated with adverse drug reactions - more severe version called toxic epidermal necrolysis
Anti - CCP - HLA- DR4
48. What are defining lab findings for polymyalgia rheumatica and What is the TX
Elevated ESR and nl CK - prednisone
Serum ca - phos - PTH are nl alk phos elevated
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
49. IBS - 2 dz's
Tight jxn - prevents diffusion across paracellular space - composed of claudins and occludins
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
Crohns and ulcerative colitis
50. What do lupus pts falsely test positive for syphillis
False positives on syphillis test (RPR/VRDL) due to antiphospholipid antibodies - cross react with cardiolipin
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Recurrent branch of the median nerve