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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where is McBurney's point and What is there
Immunoglobulins - malar rash - discoid rash - ANA - mucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) - neurologic disorders - serositis (pleuritis - pericarditis) - hematologic disorders - arthritis - renal - photosensitivity
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
2. transiet vesicle seen in hives
Flex at the MCP
Anti - CCP - HLA- DR4
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases
Wheal
3. fracture of a supracondylar humerus - nerve - motor - sensory - sign and more distal lesion causing the same nerve
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
Flat bone (skul - facial bones - axial skeleton) woven directly formed - no cartilage - later remodeled to lamellar
Keratoacanthoma
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
4. What does PED and Tip stand for
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5. interlacing trabeculae of woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts
Endochondroma
Lichen planus
Phosphorylated
Osteoid osteoma
6. precipitation of monosodium urate crystals into joints due to hyperuricemia
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Teres minor
Gout
Acute back pain - loss of height - and kyphosis
7. Administration of what kind of compound causes reversal of symptoms and What is used to distringuish under from over dosing
Posterior cord
Sites of tibial attachment
Rheumatoid arthritis
ACH esterase inhibitors - edrophonium test - improvement of sx after edro means the patient is underdosed
8. What associations go along with sarcoidosis
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9. dactylitis and pencil in cup deformity on xray - patchy skin rash and joint pain
Osteoma (gardners syndrome) - new piece of bone grows on another bone - often skull
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
Vesicle
Osteoblastoma
10. pruritic papules and vesicles - deposits of IgA a the tips of dermal papillae - associated with celiac
Osteoma (gardners syndrome) - new piece of bone grows on another bone - often skull
Posterior cord
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Dermatomyositis
11. What cancer in particular are associated with LE syndrome - what happens to symptoms with muscle use or ACH esterase inhibs
Osteoarthritis
Dermatomyositis
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs
Down T tubule
12. What are the histo findings in an osteoclastoma
Teres minor
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
13. osteochondrosis has rare malignant transformation into what cancer
Increase in both osteoblast and osteoclast activity
Chondrosarcoma
Anti Smith
Spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells
14. What other muscle in the thenar eminence adducts the thumb
Nl - decreased bone mass
Nevocellular nevus
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Adductor policis brevis
15. What are the signs of ulnar nerve injury
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16. What are predisposing factors for osteosarcoma - xray finding
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17. loss of what muscles in Erbs causes the medial rotation
Osteoporosis
Bulla
Paralysis of lateral rotators
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
18. On the palmar side of the hand - what dermatone covers the most of the thumb - 2nd - 3rd - and medial half of the 4th digits and What does it cover on the dorsal side
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
Dysplastic nevus
Anti - CCP - HLA- DR4
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
19. What are the subQ rheumatoid nodules made of...
Axillary nerve
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
20. immune mediated - widespread - non - caseating granulomas - dz - affected population and elevated serum level
Lesion to lower trunk of brachial plexus - loss of fxn of all lumbricals - forearm finger flexors - finger extensors are unopposed (radial nerve)
Endochondroma
Sarcoidosis - black females - ACE
In pemphis vulgaris - separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin
21. What causes osteomalacia/ricketts - why - and What therapy can reverse the symptoms
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
Palisading
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Degenerative injury due to repeated use - tiny tears in the tendons and muscles - may be inflammatory - lateral epicondyle is tennis - medial epicondyle is golf
22. Which nerve is compressed in deep forearm
Phosphorylated
Verrucae vulgaris
Anterior interosseous nerve
Large goints (knee)
23. What are the predisposing factors for osteoarthritis
Age - obesity and joint deformity
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Pustule
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
24. knee trauma - nerve - motor and sensory def
Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion - ulnar claw hand - pope's blessing
Verrucae vulgaris
Abduct the fingers
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
25. What does lack of ATP cause
Rigor mortis
Lesch - nyhan - PRPP excess - dec exretion of uric acid (thiazide) inc cell turnover - von Gierke's dz - 90% due to underexcretion - 10% to overproduction
Ligand binding leads to muscle depol
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
26. Where does the muscle contraction travel after leaving the motor end plate
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Myosin light chain phosphotase
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits
Down T tubule
27. What runs the distance of the A band
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Myosin
Long thoracic nerve
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
28. What variant of squamous cells carcinoma of the skin grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously
Fracture of surgical neck - dislocation of the humerus - intramuscular injections
Keratoacanthoma
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
Pemphigus vulgaris
29. Where does cartilage loss begin in osteoarthritis
4th and 5th finger
Staph scalded skin syndrome
Medial aspect
Ulnar nerve
30. What are the motor - sensory deficits and sign of carpal tunnel syndrome
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Scleroderma
Boutonniere - swan neck - zthumb
Torn MCL
31. Patients with pagets disease can develop what cancer
Down T tubule
Osteogenic carcinoma
Conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis - urethritis and arthritis
Flat bone (skul - facial bones - axial skeleton) woven directly formed - no cartilage - later remodeled to lamellar
32. What happens in the power stroke of skeletal muscle contraction
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
Inc Ca - dec phos - inc alk phos - inc PTH - brown tumors
Phosphate is liberated from the myosin head
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
33. Dermatomyositis places the pt at inc risk For what malignancy in particular
Post GI infxn or chlamydia
Viral - maybe paramyxovirus
Lung
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
34. What muscle the long thoracic nerve innervate - What does it do - and when can it be injured
Polymyositis - shoulders - perifasicular inflammation
Actinic keratosis
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
35. What is the clinically important landmark for pubendal nerve block and When is it used
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Interossei and adductor policis
36. What do palmar interosseous muscles do
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Urticaria
EtOH metabolites compete for same excretion site in kidney as uric acid - causing dec uric acid secretion and subsequent buildup
Adduct the fingers
37. In which gender is gout more common and What does the crystals appear like microscopically
Calmodulin - complex activates myosin light chain kinase
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
Men - needle shaped and negatively birefringent = yellow crystals under parallel light
38. potentially fatal autoimmune disorder with IgG antibody against desmosomes
Pemphigus vulgaris
Anti - histone
Middle bicep down - cuts lateral at cuboidal foass and runs distally to include the thumb and 2nd digit
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
39. What organisms can cause chronic infectious arthritis
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes - foot dropPED; tibial inverts and plantarflexes - can't stand on Tip toes
Precocious puberty
Gout
40. What are the characteristic bone findings in paget's disease
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Dermatitis
Osteosarcoma - multiple myeloma
Mosiac bone pattern - long bone chalk stick fractures - increased hat size or hearing loss due to auditory foramen narrowing
41. What is the power stroke of muscle contraction
Staph scalded skin syndrome
Osteoporosis
Myosin releases bound ADP and is displaced on the actin filament
Dry eyes - dry mouth - nasal and vaginal dryness - chronic bronchitis - reflux esophagitis and No arthritis
42. What muscles of the shoulder form the rotator cuff
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Lung
3rd finger
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
43. How does the radial nerve in the spiral groove become injured
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
Nl - thickened dense bones
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
44. What nerve is injured by a superficial laceration of the hand
Recurrent branch of the medain nerve
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3) inhibits chondrocyte proliferation
< 2mc found in proximal tibia and femur - men < 25
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
45. Where are most osteoid osteoma found and In what population
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
< 2mc found in proximal tibia and femur - men < 25
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness
Osteochondroma - exostosis
46. subchondreal cysts - sclerosis - osteophytes - joint space narrowing - eburnation - hebereden's nodes (DIP) bouchard nodes (PIP) - characteristic findings of this dz
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Palisading
Axillary nerve
Osteoarthritis
47. Macule greater than 1cm
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
Patch
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
48. deep tissue injury - crepitus from methane and CO2 production 'flesh eating bacteria' - condition and orgs
Musculocutaneous
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
Acanthosis nigcricans
Type III - RF
49. What medication is contraindicated in osteoporosis
Glucocorticoids
Intermediate jxn - just below zona occludens - cadherins and actin filaments - cadherins are dependent on Ca2+
Bullous pemphigoid - linear immunofluorescence - eosinphils within blisters - similar to but less severed thatn pemphigus vulgaris - spares oral mucosa - negaitve nikolsky's sign
Anti - histone
50. Decrease marrow space in osteopetrosis leads to what?
Deep branch of radial nerve
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
Verrucae
Dry eyes - dry mouth - nasal and vaginal dryness - chronic bronchitis - reflux esophagitis and No arthritis
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