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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What lesion causes wrist drop
Papule
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
Posterior cord
2. warts on genitals
Condyloma acuminatum - caused by HPV
Anti Smith
Over deltoid
< 2mc found in proximal tibia and femur - men < 25
3. What are the signs of ulnar nerve injury
4. What cancer in particular are associated with LE syndrome - what happens to symptoms with muscle use or ACH esterase inhibs
Actinic keratosis
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs
5. What development failure can results in albinism
Actin
NC migration
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
Nevocellular nevus
6. What autoantibodies are formed in sjogrens syndrome
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
Keratoacanthoma
< 2mc found in proximal tibia and femur - men < 25
Ribonucleoprotein antigents - SS- A and SS- B (Ro and La)
7. What are the thin lines along the Z line
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off
Actin
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
8. In which gender is gout more common and What does the crystals appear like microscopically
Rheumatoid arthritis
Men - needle shaped and negatively birefringent = yellow crystals under parallel light
Dry eyes - dry mouth - nasal and vaginal dryness - chronic bronchitis - reflux esophagitis and No arthritis
Vesicle
9. What is the landmark for an LP
Nl - decreased bone mass
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Iliac crest
10. What is CREST syndrome and What antibody is it associated with
Paralysis of abductors
Fracture of surgical neck - dislocation of the humerus - intramuscular injections
ANA - sensitive but not specific
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
11. Associated with M. pneumonia - HSV - sulfa drugs - B lactams - phenytoin - cancers and autoimmune dz - skin disorder and description
Staph scalded skin syndrome
Erythema multiforme - can be macules - papules vesicles - target lesions -
Trauma
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
12. What nerve become injured in the incorrect use of a crutch
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
13. Loss of what muslces in Erbs causes the limb to hang by side
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Plaque
Paralysis of abductors
Type 1 - inc mitochondria and myoglobin conc - inc OXPHOS leading to sustained conctraction
14. flat - greasy - pigmented - squamous epithelial proliferation with keratin - filled cyts (horn cysts) - looks pasted on...
Seborrheic keratosis
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
Pseudogout
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
15. What are the lab findings in osteomalacia/rickets
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Dec Ca - dec phos - nl alk phos - inc PTH - soft bones
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Iliac crest
16. What is the power stroke of muscle contraction
Myosin releases bound ADP and is displaced on the actin filament
Median nerve - lunate bone
Precocious puberty
Crust
17. What disease is caused by autoantibodies to desomosmes - What area of the cell would it occur - and what molecules are connecting
Men - needle shaped and negatively birefringent = yellow crystals under parallel light
Tear of the ACL
ANA - sensitive but not specific
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
18. What are the lab findings in osteitis fibrosa cystica
Inc Ca - dec phos - inc alk phos - inc PTH - brown tumors
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Ephelis
NC migration
19. What nerve is injured in a fracutre of the hook of hamate
Pemphigus vulgaris
Ulnar
Phosphorylates myosin light chain which leads to cross bridge formation
Ulnar nerve
20. What kind of hypersens rxn is RA - and what serum marker is present in 80% of RA pts
Strawberry hemangioma
Type III - RF
Ulnar nerve
Cellulitis - s aureus - s pyogenes
21. What is the primary screening test for lupus
Pityriasis rosea
Calmodulin - complex activates myosin light chain kinase
Median nerve
ANA - sensitive but not specific
22. Why does EtOH consumption precipitate gout
EtOH metabolites compete for same excretion site in kidney as uric acid - causing dec uric acid secretion and subsequent buildup
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Posterior cord
Bullous pemphigoid - linear immunofluorescence - eosinphils within blisters - similar to but less severed thatn pemphigus vulgaris - spares oral mucosa - negaitve nikolsky's sign
23. dactylitis and pencil in cup deformity on xray - patchy skin rash and joint pain
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
Strawberry hemangioma
Osteoarthritis
24. What associations go along with sarcoidosis
25. What is a very specific test for lupus
Tear of the ACL
Upper trunk of brachial plexus
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Medially rotates and adducts arm
26. mechanical wear and tear of joints leading to destruction of articular cartilage
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Tear of the ACL
Osteoarthritis
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
27. What do xray show in osteopetrosis and What do potential CN abnl result from
Cellulitis - s aureus - s pyogenes
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Onion skin - 11:22 - diaphysis of long bones - pelvis - scapula - ribs
Actinic keratosis
28. How is chondrosarcoma described
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
Expansile glistening mass within the medullary cavity
Phosphate is liberated from the myosin head
Steroids
29. bening cartilaginous neoplasm found in intramedullary bone - usually distal extremities
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Endochondroma
Erythema multiforme - can be macules - papules vesicles - target lesions -
Integrin binds laminin in BM
30. What syndrome of the NMJ is a paraneoplastic syndrome and What are the antibodies directed against
Upper trunk of brachial plexus
Osteoporosis
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness
31. What is the Auspitz sign
Gout
Deep branch of radial nerve
Dermatomyositis
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off
32. Trauma to lateral aspect of leg or fibula neck fracture - nerve - motor and sens def
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
Keratoacanthoma
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
33. fever - bulla formation and necrosis - sloughing of skin and high mortality - syndrome and associations
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Wheal
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
Stevens johnson syndrome - associated with adverse drug reactions - more severe version called toxic epidermal necrolysis
34. What do the branches of the deep ulnar nerve innervate
Phosphorylates myosin light chain which leads to cross bridge formation
Binds troponin C causing a conformational change leading to tropomyosin to move out of the way allowing for actin/myosin cycling
Interossei and adductor policis
Head - trunk - extremities - common benign neoplasm in older persons
35. Autoimmune disorder with IgG antibody against hemidesmosomes - dz - IM - other findings
36. hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum seen in psoriasis
Bulla
Sarcoidosis - black females - ACE
Parakeratosis
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
37. What are the potential causes of gout
38. malignant cartilaginous tumor in men 30 to 60 - Name and common location
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Polymyaglia rheumatica associated with temporal (giant cell) arteritis
39. premalignant lesions caused by sun exposure - small rough - erythematous or brownish papules - cutaenous horns - Name and risk of carcinoma
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
Psoriasis
40. pruritic eruption - commonly on skin flexures - of associated with asthma - allergic rhinitis
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Macule
Endochondroma
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
41. What are the lab findings in pagets disease
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
Inc alk phos - abnl bone architecture
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
42. most common benign tumor - mature bone with cartilaginous cap - men <25 - origintate froms long metaphysis
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Bulla
Pemphigus vulgaris
Ulnar
43. What do lumbricals do
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
Flex the MCP joints and extend both the DIP and PIP joints
Subclavius
Osteoarthritis
44. progressive symmetric proximal muscle weakness cause by CD8+ T cell induced injury to myofibers - dz - most common area of involvement and pathgnomonic histological finding
S. aureus - streptococcus
Teres minor
Ligand binding leads to muscle depol
Polymyositis - shoulders - perifasicular inflammation
45. anaplastic small blue cell malignant tumor - most common in boys < 15 - dz and prognosis
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release
Tear of the ACL
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness
46. What are the the common causes of Erb palsy - and What are the associated findings
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
Down T tubule
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
47. What antibodies is diffuse scleroderma associated with
Down T tubule
Acanthosis
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
48. hyperplasia of stratum spinosum - associated with hyperinsulinemia (cushings - DM) and visceral malignancy
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Acanthosis nigcricans
Dermatitis
49. In smooth muscle contraction - What does Ca bind and What is the purpose
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
Acantholysis
Chondrosarcoma
Calmodulin - complex activates myosin light chain kinase
50. exotoxin destroys keratinocyte attachments in the stratum granulosum - fever - generalized erythematous rash with sloughing of the upper layers of the dermis - newborns and children
Medial forearm and arm to just under the axilla
Staph scalded skin syndrome
Viral - maybe paramyxovirus
Onion skin - 11:22 - diaphysis of long bones - pelvis - scapula - ribs