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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
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Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. papule > 1cm seen psoriasis
Plaque
Pseudogout
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
HI shrinks - A stays same
2. yellow when perpendicular and blue when parallel
Pseudogout
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
NC migration
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
3. osteochondrosis has rare malignant transformation into what cancer
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Keratoacanthoma
Chondrosarcoma
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
4. skin cancer associatd associated with excessive exposure to sunlight and arsenic
Infraspinatus - laterally rotates arm
Squamous cell carcinoma
Sarcoidosis - black females - ACE
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
5. In a fractured surgical neck of humerus or dislocation of humeral head - What is the nerve injury - motor deficit - sensory deficit
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Nl - thickened dense bones
Acute back pain - loss of height - and kyphosis
6. How does gonococcal arthritis present
Degenerative injury due to repeated use - tiny tears in the tendons and muscles - may be inflammatory - lateral epicondyle is tennis - medial epicondyle is golf
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
Wheal
Middle bicep down - cuts lateral at cuboidal foass and runs distally to include the thumb and 2nd digit
7. On the palmar and dorsal sides of the hand - what dermatome covers the 5th finger and the lateral 1/2 of the 4th finger
Ulnar
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
Medial forearm and arm to just under the axilla
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
8. hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum seen in psoriasis
S. aureus - streptococcus
Acanthosis nigcricans
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Parakeratosis
9. What causes a lesion in the axillary nerve
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
Infraspinatus - laterally rotates arm
Fracture of surgical neck - dislocation of the humerus - intramuscular injections
10. Pain and stiffness in shoulders and hips - fever malaise and weight loss - no weakness - pts over 50 - associated with HA and jaw pain
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Polymyaglia rheumatica associated with temporal (giant cell) arteritis
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
11. What does lack of ATP cause
Widespread skin involvment - rapid progression - early visceral involvement
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
S. aureus - streptococcus
Rigor mortis
12. bening cartilaginous neoplasm found in intramedullary bone - usually distal extremities
Endochondroma
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
Flex at the MCP
13. Other than N. gono - what organisms can cause infectious - septic arthritis
Mosiac bone pattern - long bone chalk stick fractures - increased hat size or hearing loss due to auditory foramen narrowing
Type III - RF
S. aureus - streptococcus
Type 1 - inc mitochondria and myoglobin conc - inc OXPHOS leading to sustained conctraction
14. What medication is contraindicated in osteoporosis
Calmodulin - complex activates myosin light chain kinase
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Polymyositis - shoulders - perifasicular inflammation
Glucocorticoids
15. What kind of nuclei do basal cell tumors have
Osteogenic carcinoma
Palisading
Down T tubule
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
16. loss of what muscles in Erbs causes the medial rotation
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Paralysis of lateral rotators
Dry eyes - dry mouth - nasal and vaginal dryness - chronic bronchitis - reflux esophagitis and No arthritis
3rd finger
17. What does the hemidesmosome do and what disease is caused by autoantibodies to it
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
Ligand binding leads to muscle depol
Connects cells to underlying extracellular - bullous pemphigoid
18. What is the TX for acute gout
Abduct the fingers
Squamous cell carcinoma
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
The dermis
19. immune mediated - widespread - non - caseating granulomas - dz - affected population and elevated serum level
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Plaque
Dry eyes - dry mouth - nasal and vaginal dryness - chronic bronchitis - reflux esophagitis and No arthritis
Sarcoidosis - black females - ACE
20. How is diffuse scleroderma characterized
Polymyositis - shoulders - perifasicular inflammation
Keratoacanthoma
Widespread skin involvment - rapid progression - early visceral involvement
Age - obesity and joint deformity
21. What are the lab findings and TX in dermatomyositis
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid
Papule
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
22. inc thickness of stratum corneum seen in psoriasis
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
Hyperkeratosis
Osteoarthritis
23. What are predisposing factors for osteosarcoma - xray finding
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24. What enzyme defect in responsible for osteopetrosis
Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes - foot dropPED; tibial inverts and plantarflexes - can't stand on Tip toes
Carbonic anhydrase II
Morning stiffness for > 30 min improving with use - symmetry - systemic sx
NC migration
25. What percent of these mutations occur sporadically and what parental feature are they associated with
85% - advanced paternal age - or auto dominant inheritance
Type III - RF
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs
Lesion to lower trunk of brachial plexus - loss of fxn of all lumbricals - forearm finger flexors - finger extensors are unopposed (radial nerve)
26. What kind of injury can cause damage to the inferior gluteal nerve and What can it cause
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27. What kind of hypersens rxn is RA - and what serum marker is present in 80% of RA pts
Type III - RF
Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion - ulnar claw hand - pope's blessing
Loss of medial lumbrical fxn; 4th and 5th digits are clawed - when try to open hand - pinky and ring finger stay clawed
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
28. small fluid containing blister seen in chickenpox
Crust
Osteoarthritis
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits
Vesicle
29. What nerve and branch are stretche by subluxation of the radius
Thymoma
Lower trunk of brachial plexus
Deep branch of radial nerve
Albinism
30. interlacing trabeculae of woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts
Osteoid osteoma
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
Spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells
31. What are the motor - sensory deficits and sign of carpal tunnel syndrome
Recurrent branch of the medain nerve
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
32. common mole - benign
Dysplastic nevus
Nevocellular nevus
Trauma
Anti - histone
33. Who does osteoporosis type 2 effect
Myosin
Men and women > 70 - senile osteporosis
Lesch - nyhan - PRPP excess - dec exretion of uric acid (thiazide) inc cell turnover - von Gierke's dz - 90% due to underexcretion - 10% to overproduction
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
34. What does MLCK do in smooth muscle contraction
Acanthosis nigcricans
Phosphorylates myosin light chain which leads to cross bridge formation
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Immunoglobulins - malar rash - discoid rash - ANA - mucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) - neurologic disorders - serositis (pleuritis - pericarditis) - hematologic disorders - arthritis - renal - photosensitivity
35. Which muscle is the pitching injury and What does it do
Lung
MCP - PIP - no DIP
Dec Ca - dec phos - nl alk phos - inc PTH - soft bones
Infraspinatus - laterally rotates arm
36. What do lupus pts falsely test positive for syphillis
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds
Dermatitis herpetiformis
False positives on syphillis test (RPR/VRDL) due to antiphospholipid antibodies - cross react with cardiolipin
Dermatomyositis
37. thickened - dense bones that are prone to fracture - dz and primary defect
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Psoriasis
Urticaria
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
38. Very superfiicial skin infection - honey colored crusting - very contagious - condition and organisms
Increase in both osteoblast and osteoclast activity
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Elevated 1 alpha hydroxylase mediated vit D activation in epithloid macrophages
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
39. What do palmar interosseous muscles do
Boutonniere - swan neck - zthumb
Adduct the fingers
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Middle bicep down - cuts lateral at cuboidal foass and runs distally to include the thumb and 2nd digit
40. dried exudates from a vesicle - bulla or pustule seen impetigo
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
Crust
Conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis - urethritis and arthritis
Deep branch of radial nerve
41. What does ATP do in skeletal muscle contraction
Viral - maybe paramyxovirus
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
Binds myosin head and releases actin filament allowing cross - bridge cycling and shortening to occur
42. What is the landmark for an LP
Men and women > 70 - senile osteporosis
ACH esterase inhibitors - edrophonium test - improvement of sx after edro means the patient is underdosed
Iliac crest
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
43. What nerve controls ab and adduction of the interossei muscles and What does it for the thumb and 4th and 5th lumbricals
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
Connects cells to underlying extracellular - bullous pemphigoid
44. What do the branches of the deep ulnar nerve innervate
Dermatitis
Dysplastic nevus
Interossei and adductor policis
Type III - RF
45. What are the classic fractures in pts with osteoporosis
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46. What does abnl passive abduction of the knee indicate
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Torn MCL
Osteoid osteoma
Elevated 1 alpha hydroxylase mediated vit D activation in epithloid macrophages
47. Where is C7 dermatome
Gout
Cartilaginous by chondrocytes first - osteoclasts and osteoblasts later replace with women bone and remodel to lamellar bone - endochondrial ossification
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
3rd finger
48. Administration of what kind of compound causes reversal of symptoms and What is used to distringuish under from over dosing
ACH esterase inhibitors - edrophonium test - improvement of sx after edro means the patient is underdosed
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
Pustule
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
49. flat - greasy - pigmented - squamous epithelial proliferation with keratin - filled cyts (horn cysts) - looks pasted on...
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
Seborrheic keratosis
Dermatitis
Pseudogout
50. What lesion causes total claw (klumpke's hand)
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases
Palisading
Lower trunk of brachial plexus
Posterior cord
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