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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tumor occuring mostly at epiphyseal end of long bones - occuring btw 20 and 40 - locally aggressive bening tumor around distal femur and proximal tibia - tumor and characteristic xray findings
Serum ca - phos - alk phos are NL
Biceps
Infraspinatus - laterally rotates arm
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
2. Where does squamous cell carcinoma of the skin typically appear - What is the histo - prognosis - and associations
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Tear of the ACL
3. elevated skin lesion <1cm seen in acne vulgaris
Adductor policis brevis
Nevocellular nevus
Papule
Lung
4. blister containing pus
In pemphis vulgaris - separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin
Torn MCL
Pustule
Dec Ca - dec phos - nl alk phos - inc PTH - soft bones
5. What does PED and Tip stand for
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6. what changes are seen in stratum spinosum and granulosum in psoriasis
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
Nl - decreased bone mass
Trauma
Morning stiffness for > 30 min improving with use - symmetry - systemic sx
7. interlacing trabeculae of woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts
Thymoma
Osteoid osteoma
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
4th and 5th finger
8. What are the common perpetrating infections for Reiters syndrome
Restrictive lung disease - bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy - erythema nodosum - Bell's palsy
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits
Post GI infxn or chlamydia
Osteogenic carcinoma
9. hyperplasia of stratum spinosum - associated with hyperinsulinemia (cushings - DM) and visceral malignancy
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
Anti - CCP - HLA- DR4
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
Acanthosis nigcricans
10. appreas in 30s to 40s - does not regress
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Cherry hemangioma
Crust
11. What kind of jxn is the zona occludens andw What is is composed of...
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
Erythema nodosum
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Tight jxn - prevents diffusion across paracellular space - composed of claudins and occludins
12. How is chondrosarcoma described
Expansile glistening mass within the medullary cavity
Ulnar
Condyloma acuminatum - caused by HPV
Nevocellular nevus
13. common mole - benign
Posterior cord
Hyperkeratosis
Nevocellular nevus
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
14. What do xray show in osteopetrosis and What do potential CN abnl result from
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
ACH esterase inhibitors - edrophonium test - improvement of sx after edro means the patient is underdosed
Pseudogout
15. What does IM reveal in pemphigus vulgaris
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
Plaque
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
Anti Smith
16. most common benign tumor - mature bone with cartilaginous cap - men <25 - origintate froms long metaphysis
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Urticaria
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
17. What are the lab findings in osteopetrosis
Flex at the MCP
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Nl - thickened dense bones
Patch
18. Where is C6 dermatome
Middle bicep down - cuts lateral at cuboidal foass and runs distally to include the thumb and 2nd digit
Ephelis
Loss of medial lumbrical fxn; 4th and 5th digits are clawed - when try to open hand - pinky and ring finger stay clawed
MCP - PIP - no DIP
19. What causes heart failure in with Paget's disease
Inc blood flow from AV shunts can cause high output heart failure
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
Osteoporosis
20. What is the power stroke of muscle contraction
Ulnar deviation - subluxation - bakers cysts (behind knee)
Middle bicep down - cuts lateral at cuboidal foass and runs distally to include the thumb and 2nd digit
Myosin releases bound ADP and is displaced on the actin filament
Trauma
21. What are the thin lines along the Z line
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
Ephelis
Actin
Median nerve - lunate bone
22. hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum seen in psoriasis
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
NC migration
Parakeratosis
Sites of tibial attachment
23. In longitudinal bone growth - what model is made first (and By what cell) and What is it later replaced by (and By what cells) - process name
Thymoma
Pseudogout
Myosin releases bound ADP and is displaced on the actin filament
Cartilaginous by chondrocytes first - osteoclasts and osteoblasts later replace with women bone and remodel to lamellar bone - endochondrial ossification
24. What causes the symptoms of MG to worsen - and What is used to diagnose
Gout
Nevocellular nevus
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Mesenchymal stem cells in periosteum
25. Decrease marrow space in osteopetrosis leads to what?
Dec Ca - dec phos - nl alk phos - inc PTH - soft bones
Dysplastic nevus
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
26. Damage to what 3 structures is common for the unhappy triad
Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion - ulnar claw hand - pope's blessing
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Cellulitis - s aureus - s pyogenes
27. Loss of what muslces in Erbs causes the limb to hang by side
Basal cell carcinoma - pearly papules - commonly with telangiectasias
Recurrent branch of the medain nerve
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Paralysis of abductors
28. freckle - normal number of melanocytes - inc melanin pigment
Ephelis
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Pagets dz - bone infarcts - radiation - familial retinoblastoma - codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum - poor prognsosis
29. normal melanocyte number with dec melanin production due to inactivity of tyrosine
Anti - histone
Bullous pemphigoid - linear immunofluorescence - eosinphils within blisters - similar to but less severed thatn pemphigus vulgaris - spares oral mucosa - negaitve nikolsky's sign
Albinism
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
30. What are predisposing factors for osteosarcoma - xray finding
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31. What are the characterstic joints affected in RA
Down T tubule
MCP - PIP - no DIP
Compressed by cervical rib or pancoasts tumor - leads to klumpke's
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
32. What nerve is compressed by supracondylar fracture of humerus
Median nerve
Posterior cord
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
Lung
33. What variant of squamous cells carcinoma of the skin grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously
McCune - Albright syndrome
Patch
Keratoacanthoma
Spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells
34. What is the most common NMJ disorder - What causes it and What are common symptoms
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
Head - trunk - extremities - common benign neoplasm in older persons
Immunoglobulins - malar rash - discoid rash - ANA - mucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) - neurologic disorders - serositis (pleuritis - pericarditis) - hematologic disorders - arthritis - renal - photosensitivity
Median - opponens pollicis - abductors pollicis brevis - flexor pollicis brevis
35. Ca2+ released from the SR binds what structure and What does it cause
Down T tubule
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
Gout
36. In which joints does pseudogout typically occur
Spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
Large goints (knee)
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
37. subchondreal cysts - sclerosis - osteophytes - joint space narrowing - eburnation - hebereden's nodes (DIP) bouchard nodes (PIP) - characteristic findings of this dz
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits
Nl - decreased bone mass
Osteoarthritis
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
38. dactylitis and pencil in cup deformity on xray - patchy skin rash and joint pain
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
Acantholysis
Gout
39. What is TX for osteoporosis
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases
Carbonic anhydrase II
Acantholysis
40. What nerve is injured in a fracutre of the hook of hamate
Trauma
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Ulnar nerve
41. Where is C5 dermatome
Pagets dz - bone infarcts - radiation - familial retinoblastoma - codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum - poor prognsosis
Outer arm
Thymoma
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off
42. first few weeks of life - grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously at 5 to 8 yrs of age
Lesion to lower trunk of brachial plexus - loss of fxn of all lumbricals - forearm finger flexors - finger extensors are unopposed (radial nerve)
Axilla
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
Strawberry hemangioma
43. What are the motor - sensory deficits and sign of carpal tunnel syndrome
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
ACH esterase inhibitors - edrophonium test - improvement of sx after edro means the patient is underdosed
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
44. thickened - dense bones that are prone to fracture - dz and primary defect
4th and 5th finger
Serum ca - phos - PTH are nl alk phos elevated
Loss of medial lumbrical fxn; 4th and 5th digits are clawed - when try to open hand - pinky and ring finger stay clawed
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
45. Very superfiicial skin infection - honey colored crusting - very contagious - condition and organisms
Ankylosing spondylitis - uveitis - aortic regurg and bamboo spine
Keratoacanthoma
Ulnar deviation - subluxation - bakers cysts (behind knee)
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
46. What nerve is injured by a fracture of the epicondyle of humerus or repeated minor traumas
Ulnar nerve
Thymoma
Posterior hip dislocation - can't jump - climb stairs or rise from seated positions
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
47. What development failure can results in albinism
Osteosarcoma - multiple myeloma
NC migration
Type 2 - dec mitochondria and myoglobin - inc anaerobic glycolysis
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
48. In a fracture of the midshaft of the humerus - or extended compression of axilla - nerve - motor - sensory - sign
Actin
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Abduct the fingers
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
49. inflammatory lesions of subQ fat - usually on anterior shins - associated with coccidioidomycosis - histoplasmosis - TB - leprosy - streptoccocal infxn - sarcoid
Erythema nodosum
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3) inhibits chondrocyte proliferation
Down T tubule
50. Depolarizaition causes what voltage sensitive receptor coupled to what other receptor to induce a conformational change In what structure - releasing what?
Upper trunk of brachial plexus
Rigor mortis
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion