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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
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Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. dried exudates from a vesicle - bulla or pustule seen impetigo
Crust
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
Binds myosin head and releases actin filament allowing cross - bridge cycling and shortening to occur
2. In skeletal and smooth muscle contraction - when Ca2+ enters the cytoplasm - What does it do
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Binds troponin C causing a conformational change leading to tropomyosin to move out of the way allowing for actin/myosin cycling
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Sites of tibial attachment
3. fracture of a supracondylar humerus - nerve - motor - sensory - sign and more distal lesion causing the same nerve
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
Chondrosarcoma
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
4. What is the sign of Leser - Trelat
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid
Osteoporosis
5. What is a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
Nl - decreased bone mass
Actinic keratosis
85% - advanced paternal age - or auto dominant inheritance
6. What runs the distance of the A band
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
Axilla
Myosin
Connects cells to underlying extracellular - bullous pemphigoid
7. What is the tumor marker for melanoma - who is at risk - what correlates with risk of metastasis and What is the gross path
Scleroderma
Medial aspect
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
Paralysis of lateral rotators
8. locally invasive but rarely mets skin cancer - rolled edges - with central ulceration - cancer and gross path
Basal cell carcinoma - pearly papules - commonly with telangiectasias
Gout
Palisading
In pemphis vulgaris - separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin
9. What is the classic traid of sjogrens syndrome
Pustule
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Osteochondroma - exostosis
10. What lesion causes wrist drop
Seborrheic keratosis
Verrucae vulgaris
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Posterior cord
11. On the palmar side of the hand - what dermatone covers the most of the thumb - 2nd - 3rd - and medial half of the 4th digits and What does it cover on the dorsal side
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Gout
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
12. How is diffuse scleroderma characterized
Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes - foot dropPED; tibial inverts and plantarflexes - can't stand on Tip toes
Restrictive lung disease - bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy - erythema nodosum - Bell's palsy
Plaque
Widespread skin involvment - rapid progression - early visceral involvement
13. bone replaced by fibroblasts and irregular bony trabeculae affecting many bones
Medial forearm and arm to just under the axilla
Carbonic anhydrase II
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Pagets dz - bone infarcts - radiation - familial retinoblastoma - codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum - poor prognsosis
14. Where is C7 dermatome
3rd finger
MCP - PIP - no DIP
Pagets dz - bone infarcts - radiation - familial retinoblastoma - codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum - poor prognsosis
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
15. What nerve is injured in a fracture of the medial epicondyle of humerus - and What is a more distal lesion injuring the same nerve
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
Men - needle shaped and negatively birefringent = yellow crystals under parallel light
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
16. elevated skin lesion <1cm seen in acne vulgaris
Papule
Fracture of surgical neck - dislocation of the humerus - intramuscular injections
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
Keloid
17. yellow when parallel and blue when perpendicular
Gout
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
Pemphigus vulgaris
ACH esterase inhibitors - edrophonium test - improvement of sx after edro means the patient is underdosed
18. knee trauma - nerve - motor and sensory def
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
Endochondroma
Paralysis of abductors
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
19. inflammatory disorder affective synovial joints with pannus formation in joints
Macule
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Nevocellular nevus
20. What enzyme is necessary for smooth muscle relaxation after contraction
Myosin light chain phosphotase
Acute back pain - loss of height - and kyphosis
Pustule
Outer arm
21. Where is McBurney's point and What is there
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
The dermis
Integrin binds laminin in BM
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
22. Macule greater than 1cm
Restrictive lung disease - bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy - erythema nodosum - Bell's palsy
Iliac crest
Bulla
Patch
23. appreas in 30s to 40s - does not regress
Keloid
Albinism
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
Cherry hemangioma
24. What causes ape hand
Long thoracic nerve
Lesch - nyhan - PRPP excess - dec exretion of uric acid (thiazide) inc cell turnover - von Gierke's dz - 90% due to underexcretion - 10% to overproduction
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
25. papule > 1cm seen psoriasis
Plaque
EtOH metabolites compete for same excretion site in kidney as uric acid - causing dec uric acid secretion and subsequent buildup
Inc Ca - dec phos - inc alk phos - inc PTH - brown tumors
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
26. Where is C4 dermatome
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Polymyositis - shoulders - perifasicular inflammation
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
Over deltoid
27. What is the source of osteoblast cells
Anti - histone
Mesenchymal stem cells in periosteum
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
28. What does the hemidesmosome do and what disease is caused by autoantibodies to it
Flat bone (skul - facial bones - axial skeleton) woven directly formed - no cartilage - later remodeled to lamellar
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Connects cells to underlying extracellular - bullous pemphigoid
Seborrheic keratosis
29. What medication is contraindicated in osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
Acanthosis
Glucocorticoids
30. What happens at the gap jxn and what molecules create them
Psoriasis
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
Keloid
Crust
31. irregular areas of complete depigmentation - condition and cause
Immunoglobulins - malar rash - discoid rash - ANA - mucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) - neurologic disorders - serositis (pleuritis - pericarditis) - hematologic disorders - arthritis - renal - photosensitivity
Bulla
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
32. Other than N. gono - what organisms can cause infectious - septic arthritis
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
Elevated 1 alpha hydroxylase mediated vit D activation in epithloid macrophages
S. aureus - streptococcus
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
33. What does the positive anterior drawer sign test indicate
Integrin binds laminin in BM
Over deltoid
Tear of the ACL
Iliac crest
34. progressive symmetric proximal muscle weakness cause by CD8+ T cell induced injury to myofibers - dz - most common area of involvement and pathgnomonic histological finding
Anti - CCP - HLA- DR4
Polymyositis - shoulders - perifasicular inflammation
Lung
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
35. What happens in the power stroke of skeletal muscle contraction
Embryologic - childbirth defect - cervical rib compression - atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences - atrophy of interosseous muscles - sensory deficits of the medial side of the forearm and hand - disappearance of the radial pulse upon movin
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
Phosphate is liberated from the myosin head
Patch
36. What lesions causes Erb's palsy
Increase in both osteoblast and osteoclast activity
Pseudogout
Endochondroma
Upper trunk of brachial plexus
37. What nerve and branch are stretche by subluxation of the radius
Seborrheic keratosis
Deep branch of radial nerve
Polymyaglia rheumatica associated with temporal (giant cell) arteritis
Erythema nodosum
38. What are the potential causes of gout
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39. What lesion causes Saturday night wrist drop
Post GI infxn or chlamydia
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release
Radial nerve
Ulnar
40. Depolarizaition causes what voltage sensitive receptor coupled to what other receptor to induce a conformational change In what structure - releasing what?
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
Nl - decreased bone mass
85% - advanced paternal age - or auto dominant inheritance
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+
41. heliotrope rash 'shawl and face' rash - Gotton's papules - 'mechanic's hands'
Lichen planus
Dermatomyositis
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
ANA - sensitive but not specific
42. herald path followed by days later christmas tree distribution - multiple papular eruptions; remits spontaneously
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
Pityriasis rosea
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Pseudogout
43. What are the lab findings in osteitis fibrosa cystica
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Inc Ca - dec phos - inc alk phos - inc PTH - brown tumors
Dermatomyositis
Seborrheic keratosis
44. Reduction of primarily trabecular (spongy) bone mass despite nl bone mineralization lab values
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
Osteoporosis
85% - advanced paternal age - or auto dominant inheritance
Obturator - thigh adduction - medial thigh
45. What are the signs of ulnar nerve injury
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46. inflammatory lesions of subQ fat - usually on anterior shins - associated with coccidioidomycosis - histoplasmosis - TB - leprosy - streptoccocal infxn - sarcoid
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
Rheumatoid arthritis
Erythema nodosum
Gout
47. What nerve is injured by a fracture of the epicondyle of humerus or repeated minor traumas
Subclavius
Ulnar nerve
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
Thymoma
48. What injury causes injury to the MC nerve and what motor and sensory defs dose it cause
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Upper trunk compression - biceps - brachialis - corachobrachialis - flexion of arm at elbow - sensory = lateraly forearm
Median nerve
49. flat - greasy - pigmented - squamous epithelial proliferation with keratin - filled cyts (horn cysts) - looks pasted on...
Elevated 1 alpha hydroxylase mediated vit D activation in epithloid macrophages
Torn MCL
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
Seborrheic keratosis
50. What are the bone mineralization lab findings in osteopetrosis
Serum ca - phos - alk phos are NL
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
Sorry!:) No result found.
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