Test your basic knowledge |

Musculoskeletal

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are characteristic findings of gout
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness
Expansile glistening mass within the medullary cavity
Head - trunk - extremities - common benign neoplasm in older persons

2. What is the Auspitz sign
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Cervical disk lesion
Serum ca - phos - PTH are nl alk phos elevated
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off

3. What are the lab findings in osteoporosis
Age - obesity and joint deformity
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release
Acanthosis
Nl - decreased bone mass

4. What nerve become injured in the incorrect use of a crutch
Axillary nerve
Femoral - thing flexion and leg extension - anterior thigh and medial leg
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness

5. In a fracture of the midshaft of the humerus - or extended compression of axilla - nerve - motor - sensory - sign
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Ligand binding leads to muscle depol
Adductor policis brevis
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop

6. What are the motor - sensory deficits and sign of carpal tunnel syndrome
Keloid
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness

7. What does soft bones result from and What is the dz called in adults and children
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
Actin
Inc alk phos - abnl bone architecture
Pemphigus vulgaris

8. What does lack of ATP cause
Musculocutaneous
Rigor mortis
Strawberry hemangioma
Gout

9. How is chondrosarcoma described
Expansile glistening mass within the medullary cavity
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Gout

10. Where is C7 dermatome
Mesenchymal stem cells in periosteum
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
3rd finger

11. What kind of jxn is the zona occludens andw What is is composed of...
Tight jxn - prevents diffusion across paracellular space - composed of claudins and occludins
Pagets dz - bone infarcts - radiation - familial retinoblastoma - codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum - poor prognsosis
Parakeratosis
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand

12. What kind of bone tumor is associated with FAP and What is the finding
Intraepidermal bullae involving the skin and oral mucosa
Osteoma (gardners syndrome) - new piece of bone grows on another bone - often skull
Myosin light chain phosphotase
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus

13. What nerve is compressed by supracondylar fracture of humerus
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
Anterior interosseous nerve
Flex the MCP joints and extend both the DIP and PIP joints
Median nerve

14. anaplastic small blue cell malignant tumor - most common in boys < 15 - dz and prognosis
Dysplastic nevus
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
Osteoarthritis
Pityriasis rosea

15. What lesion causes claw hand and What are the muscles involved
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Vesicle
Ulnar

16. What causes a lesion in the upper trunk of the brachial plexus
B27 - no RF - males
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Trauma

17. Loss of what muslces in Erbs causes the limb to hang by side
Paralysis of abductors
Rheumatoid arthritis
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
Ribonucleoprotein antigents - SS- A and SS- B (Ro and La)

18. What lesion causes Saturday night wrist drop
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
Lichen planus
Radial nerve

19. deep tissue injury - crepitus from methane and CO2 production 'flesh eating bacteria' - condition and orgs
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Torn MCL

20. osteochondrosis has rare malignant transformation into what cancer
Ulnar nerve
Degenerative injury due to repeated use - tiny tears in the tendons and muscles - may be inflammatory - lateral epicondyle is tennis - medial epicondyle is golf
Chondrosarcoma
Ephelis

21. Damage to what 3 structures is common for the unhappy triad
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
Nl - thickened dense bones
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)
Nl - decreased bone mass

22. What are the most common symtpoms of SLE
Anti - CCP - HLA- DR4
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds
Elevated 1 alpha hydroxylase mediated vit D activation in epithloid macrophages
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody

23. What are the lab findings in pagets disease
McCune - Albright syndrome
HI shrinks - A stays same
Inc alk phos - abnl bone architecture
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody

24. On the palmar side of the hand - what dermatone covers the most of the thumb - 2nd - 3rd - and medial half of the 4th digits and What does it cover on the dorsal side
The dermis
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
Recurrent branch of the medain nerve
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test

25. In which form is myosin light chain active
GC and cGMP and inhibition of MLCK
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Phosphorylated
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids

26. What enzyme is necessary for smooth muscle relaxation after contraction
Nl - thickened dense bones
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
Myosin light chain phosphotase
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases

27. What nerve is injured in a posterior hip dislocation or polio and What are the motor defs
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
Infraspinatus - laterally rotates arm
Posterior hip dislocation - can't jump - climb stairs or rise from seated positions

28. What is the TX for chronic gout
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
Ephelis
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
Allopurinaol - uricosurics (probenicid)

29. Administration of what kind of compound causes reversal of symptoms and What is used to distringuish under from over dosing
Widespread skin involvment - rapid progression - early visceral involvement
Endochondroma
Teres minor
ACH esterase inhibitors - edrophonium test - improvement of sx after edro means the patient is underdosed

30. What is the landmark for an LP
Iliac crest
Lower trunk of brachial plexus
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
Rigor mortis

31. What are the subQ rheumatoid nodules made of...
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Outer arm
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes

32. What are the potential causes of gout

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

33. normal melanocyte number with dec melanin production due to inactivity of tyrosine
Verrucae vulgaris
Mesenchymal stem cells in periosteum
Pseudogout
Albinism

34. What do lupus pts falsely test positive for syphillis
Hyperkeratosis
False positives on syphillis test (RPR/VRDL) due to antiphospholipid antibodies - cross react with cardiolipin
Dermatomyositis
Endochondroma

35. What nerve controls ab and adduction of the interossei muscles and What does it for the thumb and 4th and 5th lumbricals
Biceps
Men and women > 70 - senile osteporosis
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Lung

36. What TX prophylax against osteoporisi
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis - urethritis and arthritis
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
Inc alk phos - abnl bone architecture

37. Decrease marrow space in osteopetrosis leads to what?
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
Pagets dz - bone infarcts - radiation - familial retinoblastoma - codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum - poor prognsosis
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head

38. Through what pathway does NO work and What is the downstream effect
GC and cGMP and inhibition of MLCK
Pseudogout
Wheal
Outer arm

39. What kind of nuclei do basal cell tumors have
Palisading
Median nerve
Femoral - thing flexion and leg extension - anterior thigh and medial leg
Parakeratosis

40. How does the radial nerve in the spiral groove become injured
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Verrucae vulgaris
Sites of tibial attachment
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons

41. What nerve and branch are stretche by subluxation of the radius
Deep branch of radial nerve
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
Phosphate is liberated from the myosin head
Iliac crest

42. pruritic eruption - commonly on skin flexures - of associated with asthma - allergic rhinitis
Verrucae vulgaris
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern

43. What is the TX for acute gout
Pseudogout
After a large meal or EtOH conspumption
Intermediate jxn - just below zona occludens - cadherins and actin filaments - cadherins are dependent on Ca2+
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine

44. What are the the common causes of Erb palsy - and What are the associated findings
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Loss of medial lumbrical fxn; 4th and 5th digits are clawed - when try to open hand - pinky and ring finger stay clawed

45. In a fractured surgical neck of humerus or dislocation of humeral head - What is the nerve injury - motor deficit - sensory deficit
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+

46. What are the borders of the superficial branch of the radial nerve dermatone
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
Serum ca - phos - PTH are nl alk phos elevated
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits
Anti - histone

47. bening cartilaginous neoplasm found in intramedullary bone - usually distal extremities
Phosphorylated
Myosin
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
Endochondroma

48. inflammation of the skin
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Phosphorylated
Dermatitis
Parakeratosis

49. yellow when perpendicular and blue when parallel
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Pseudogout
McCune - Albright syndrome
Phosphorylated

50. Where is C8 dermatome
4th and 5th finger
Phosphorylates myosin light chain which leads to cross bridge formation
Intermediate jxn - just below zona occludens - cadherins and actin filaments - cadherins are dependent on Ca2+
Type 2 - dec mitochondria and myoglobin - inc anaerobic glycolysis