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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the classic fractures in pts with osteoporosis
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2. What do the lumbrical muscles do
Actinic keratosis
Flex at the MCP
S. aureus - streptococcus
Lung
3. What causes heart failure in with Paget's disease
Paralysis of lateral rotators
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
Inc blood flow from AV shunts can cause high output heart failure
4. precipitation of monosodium urate crystals into joints due to hyperuricemia
Osteoarthritis
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
Gout
Myosin light chain phosphotase
5. papule > 1cm seen psoriasis
Age - obesity and joint deformity
Papule
Plaque
Dysplastic nevus
6. In smooth muscle contraction - What does Ca bind and What is the purpose
Calmodulin - complex activates myosin light chain kinase
Ribonucleoprotein antigents - SS- A and SS- B (Ro and La)
Strawberry hemangioma
Macule
7. potentially fatal autoimmune disorder with IgG antibody against desmosomes
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Posterior cord
Pemphigus vulgaris
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
8. Where is C6 dermatome
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
Middle bicep down - cuts lateral at cuboidal foass and runs distally to include the thumb and 2nd digit
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
9. anaplastic small blue cell malignant tumor - most common in boys < 15 - dz and prognosis
Men and women > 70 - senile osteporosis
Binds troponin C causing a conformational change leading to tropomyosin to move out of the way allowing for actin/myosin cycling
Urticaria
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
10. What are the thin lines along the Z line
Nl - thickened dense bones
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
Actin
Morning stiffness for > 30 min improving with use - symmetry - systemic sx
11. What is the classic traid of sjogrens syndrome
Intermediate jxn - just below zona occludens - cadherins and actin filaments - cadherins are dependent on Ca2+
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)
12. What percent of these mutations occur sporadically and what parental feature are they associated with
Phosphorylates myosin light chain which leads to cross bridge formation
Allopurinaol - uricosurics (probenicid)
85% - advanced paternal age - or auto dominant inheritance
Paralysis of abductors
13. Warts - soft - tan - colored - cauliflower type lesions - epidermal hyperplasia - hyperkeratosis - koilocytosis
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Verrucae
Dry eyes - dry mouth - nasal and vaginal dryness - chronic bronchitis - reflux esophagitis and No arthritis
Femoral - thing flexion and leg extension - anterior thigh and medial leg
14. What causes the symptoms of MG to worsen - and What is used to diagnose
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Posterior hip dislocation - can't jump - climb stairs or rise from seated positions
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
Condyloma acuminatum - caused by HPV
15. Other than characteristic joints and subQ nodules - What are the other findings classicly in RA
Acanthosis
Ulnar deviation - subluxation - bakers cysts (behind knee)
Dermatomyositis
Posterior hip dislocation - can't jump - climb stairs or rise from seated positions
16. excessive fibrosis and collagen deposition throughout the body - common in skin manifesting as puffy taut skin with absence of wrinkles
Scleroderma
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
Allopurinaol - uricosurics (probenicid)
Nl - decreased bone mass
17. inflammatory disorder affective synovial joints with pannus formation in joints
Pemphigus vulgaris
Rheumatoid arthritis
Median nerve
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
18. What do xray show in osteopetrosis and What do potential CN abnl result from
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Hyperkeratosis
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
19. pruritic - purple - polygonal papules - sawtooth infiltrate of lymphocytes at dermal - epidermal jxn - associated with hep C
Lichen planus
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Posterior cord
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
20. transiet vesicle seen in hives
Men - needle shaped and negatively birefringent = yellow crystals under parallel light
After a large meal or EtOH conspumption
Wheal
Acantholysis
21. first few weeks of life - grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously at 5 to 8 yrs of age
Osteoid osteoma
Type 2
Strawberry hemangioma
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
22. What antibodies is diffuse scleroderma associated with
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
Radial nerve
23. Very superfiicial skin infection - honey colored crusting - very contagious - condition and organisms
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Macule
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
24. What are the layers of of the epidermis from surface to base
Corneum - lucidum - granulosum - spinosum - basalis
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
Chondrosarcoma
Restrictive lung disease - bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy - erythema nodosum - Bell's palsy
25. Administration of what kind of compound causes reversal of symptoms and What is used to distringuish under from over dosing
Men - needle shaped and negatively birefringent = yellow crystals under parallel light
ACH esterase inhibitors - edrophonium test - improvement of sx after edro means the patient is underdosed
Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion - ulnar claw hand - pope's blessing
Axillary nerve
26. Depolarizaition causes what voltage sensitive receptor coupled to what other receptor to induce a conformational change In what structure - releasing what?
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Mosiac bone pattern - long bone chalk stick fractures - increased hat size or hearing loss due to auditory foramen narrowing
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+
27. What are the borders of the superficial branch of the radial nerve dermatone
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
Nl - decreased bone mass
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits
28. What causes total claw
In pemphis vulgaris - separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin
Lesion to lower trunk of brachial plexus - loss of fxn of all lumbricals - forearm finger flexors - finger extensors are unopposed (radial nerve)
Osteosarcoma - multiple myeloma
Basal cell carcinoma - pearly papules - commonly with telangiectasias
29. Who does osteoporosis type 2 effect
Men and women > 70 - senile osteporosis
Immunoglobulins - malar rash - discoid rash - ANA - mucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) - neurologic disorders - serositis (pleuritis - pericarditis) - hematologic disorders - arthritis - renal - photosensitivity
Deep branch of radial nerve
Biceps
30. What are the causes of inferior trunk plexus compression and What are the findings
Allopurinaol - uricosurics (probenicid)
Pseudogout
Embryologic - childbirth defect - cervical rib compression - atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences - atrophy of interosseous muscles - sensory deficits of the medial side of the forearm and hand - disappearance of the radial pulse upon movin
Condyloma acuminatum - caused by HPV
31. What lesion causes claw hand and What are the muscles involved
Phosphate is liberated from the myosin head
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Lesch - nyhan - PRPP excess - dec exretion of uric acid (thiazide) inc cell turnover - von Gierke's dz - 90% due to underexcretion - 10% to overproduction
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
32. immune mediated - widespread - non - caseating granulomas - dz - affected population and elevated serum level
Fracture of surgical neck - dislocation of the humerus - intramuscular injections
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)
Sarcoidosis - black females - ACE
Lesion to lower trunk of brachial plexus - loss of fxn of all lumbricals - forearm finger flexors - finger extensors are unopposed (radial nerve)
33. What nerve and branch are stretche by subluxation of the radius
Deep branch of radial nerve
Acute back pain - loss of height - and kyphosis
Men and women > 70 - senile osteporosis
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
34. What kind of endocrine abnl are associated with McCune Albright
Precocious puberty
Degenerative injury due to repeated use - tiny tears in the tendons and muscles - may be inflammatory - lateral epicondyle is tennis - medial epicondyle is golf
ANA - sensitive but not specific
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
35. Trauma to lateral aspect of leg or fibula neck fracture - nerve - motor and sens def
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Lesion to lower trunk of brachial plexus - loss of fxn of all lumbricals - forearm finger flexors - finger extensors are unopposed (radial nerve)
Erythema nodosum
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
36. Which type of muscle fiber is hypertrophied during weight training
Adduct the fingers
Type 2
Morning stiffness for > 30 min improving with use - symmetry - systemic sx
Bullous pemphigoid - linear immunofluorescence - eosinphils within blisters - similar to but less severed thatn pemphigus vulgaris - spares oral mucosa - negaitve nikolsky's sign
37. yellow when perpendicular and blue when parallel
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
Gout
Pseudogout
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
38. Autoimmune disorder with IgG antibody against hemidesmosomes - dz - IM - other findings
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39. Reduction of primarily trabecular (spongy) bone mass despite nl bone mineralization lab values
S. aureus - streptococcus
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
Chondrosarcoma
Osteoporosis
40. subchondreal cysts - sclerosis - osteophytes - joint space narrowing - eburnation - hebereden's nodes (DIP) bouchard nodes (PIP) - characteristic findings of this dz
Upper trunk of brachial plexus
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Osteoarthritis
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
41. Where is osteosarcoma found in the bone
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
Squamous cell carcinoma
Rheumatoid arthritis
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
42. mechanical wear and tear of joints leading to destruction of articular cartilage
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Osteoarthritis
ANA - sensitive but not specific
Myosin light chain phosphotase
43. dried exudates from a vesicle - bulla or pustule seen impetigo
Crust
Bulla
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
44. What is the Sicca syndrome
Dry eyes - dry mouth - nasal and vaginal dryness - chronic bronchitis - reflux esophagitis and No arthritis
Papule
Myosin releases bound ADP and is displaced on the actin filament
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
45. irregular raised lesion resulting from scar tissue hypertrophy - follows trauma to skin - common to african americans see in T. pertenue (yaws)
Keloid
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Renal - pulm - CV - GI - 75% female
Wheal
46. What causes osteomalacia/ricketts - why - and What therapy can reverse the symptoms
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Actinic keratosis
47. In a fracture of the midshaft of the humerus - or extended compression of axilla - nerve - motor - sensory - sign
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
Serum ca - phos - PTH are nl alk phos elevated
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
Endochondroma
48. What is the classic presentation of RA
Head - trunk - extremities - common benign neoplasm in older persons
Inc alk phos - abnl bone architecture
Morning stiffness for > 30 min improving with use - symmetry - systemic sx
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
49. What is contained within epithelial granulomas of pts with sarcoid
Chondrosarcoma
Lung
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Head - trunk - extremities - common benign neoplasm in older persons
50. What lesion causes difficulty flexing elbow with variable sensory loss
85% - advanced paternal age - or auto dominant inheritance
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
Musculocutaneous
Median nerve - lunate bone
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