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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
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Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What does subscapularis do
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
Thymoma
Medially rotates and adducts arm
2. Where is T2 dermatome
Axilla
Pemphigus vulgaris
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3) inhibits chondrocyte proliferation
Dry eyes - dry mouth - nasal and vaginal dryness - chronic bronchitis - reflux esophagitis and No arthritis
3. What causes total claw
Lesion to lower trunk of brachial plexus - loss of fxn of all lumbricals - forearm finger flexors - finger extensors are unopposed (radial nerve)
Median nerve - lunate bone
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Inc alk phos - abnl bone architecture
4. What is contained within epithelial granulomas of pts with sarcoid
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Tear of the ACL
Sites of tibial attachment
5. What are the potential causes of gout
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6. hives - intensely pruritic wheals that form after mast cell degranulation
Binds troponin C causing a conformational change leading to tropomyosin to move out of the way allowing for actin/myosin cycling
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Urticaria
Scleroderma
7. What receptor is constitutively activated in achondroplasia and What does it do
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3) inhibits chondrocyte proliferation
Pityriasis rosea
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
Trauma
8. interlacing trabeculae of woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts
Osteoid osteoma
S. aureus - streptococcus
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds
Acantholysis
9. What does the positive anterior drawer sign test indicate
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
Tear of the ACL
ANA - sensitive but not specific
10. premalignant lesions caused by sun exposure - small rough - erythematous or brownish papules - cutaenous horns - Name and risk of carcinoma
Allopurinaol - uricosurics (probenicid)
The dermis
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
11. What is the classic traid of sjogrens syndrome
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
4th and 5th finger
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs
Phosphate is liberated from the myosin head
12. What supplies innervation to the thenar muscles
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Age - obesity and joint deformity
Phosphorylated
Nl - thickened dense bones
13. What causes golf or tennis elbow
Ulnar nerve
Axilla
Degenerative injury due to repeated use - tiny tears in the tendons and muscles - may be inflammatory - lateral epicondyle is tennis - medial epicondyle is golf
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
14. What disease is caused by autoantibodies to desomosmes - What area of the cell would it occur - and what molecules are connecting
Gout
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
Long thoracic nerve
Mosiac bone pattern - long bone chalk stick fractures - increased hat size or hearing loss due to auditory foramen narrowing
15. Tumor occuring mostly at epiphyseal end of long bones - occuring btw 20 and 40 - locally aggressive bening tumor around distal femur and proximal tibia - tumor and characteristic xray findings
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
Middle bicep down - cuts lateral at cuboidal foass and runs distally to include the thumb and 2nd digit
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
Median nerve
16. Anterior hip dislocation causes injury to what nerve and What are the motor and sensory defs
Obturator - thigh adduction - medial thigh
Pustule
Cherry hemangioma
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
17. On the palmar side of the hand - what dermatone covers the most of the thumb - 2nd - 3rd - and medial half of the 4th digits and What does it cover on the dorsal side
Conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis - urethritis and arthritis
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
Large goints (knee)
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
18. What nerve controls ab and adduction of the interossei muscles and What does it for the thumb and 4th and 5th lumbricals
Conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis - urethritis and arthritis
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Renal - pulm - CV - GI - 75% female
19. inc thickness of stratum corneum seen in psoriasis
Hyperkeratosis
Polymyaglia rheumatica associated with temporal (giant cell) arteritis
Dermatomyositis
Osteoid osteoma
20. What are the motor defs of a proximal ulnar nerve injury
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
Dysplastic nevus
Boutonniere - swan neck - zthumb
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
21. What does IM reveal in pemphigus vulgaris
Lichen planus
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
22. What do the lumbrical muscles do
Elevated ESR and nl CK - prednisone
Flex at the MCP
Phosphorylates myosin light chain which leads to cross bridge formation
Dec Ca - dec phos - nl alk phos - inc PTH - soft bones
23. What organisms can cause chronic infectious arthritis
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
Polymyositis - shoulders - perifasicular inflammation
Deep branch of radial nerve
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
24. What are the predisposing factors for osteoarthritis
Osteochondroma - exostosis
B27 - no RF - males
Age - obesity and joint deformity
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
25. white painless plaques on the tongue that cannot be scraped off - dz - population - implicated virus
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds
Sarcoidosis - black females - ACE
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
26. What form of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia has multiple unilateral bones lesions associated with endocrine abnl and unilateral pigmented skin lesions - caf
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness
McCune - Albright syndrome
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
The dermis
27. anaplastic small blue cell malignant tumor - most common in boys < 15 - dz and prognosis
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
Strawberry hemangioma
Endochondroma
Pagets dz - bone infarcts - radiation - familial retinoblastoma - codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum - poor prognsosis
28. What causes osteomalacia/ricketts - why - and What therapy can reverse the symptoms
Restrictive lung disease - bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy - erythema nodosum - Bell's palsy
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
29. What are predisposing factors for osteosarcoma - xray finding
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30. most common benign tumor - mature bone with cartilaginous cap - men <25 - origintate froms long metaphysis
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
Dermatitis
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
31. What is the Auspitz sign
Down T tubule
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
32. Which muscle fiber type is slow twitch and why are fibers red
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
Flex at the MCP
Type 1 - inc mitochondria and myoglobin conc - inc OXPHOS leading to sustained conctraction
33. pelvic fracture can cause injury to which nerve - and What are the motor and sens def
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
Femoral - thing flexion and leg extension - anterior thigh and medial leg
Lower trunk of brachial plexus
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
34. What cancer in particular are associated with LE syndrome - what happens to symptoms with muscle use or ACH esterase inhibs
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs
Strawberry hemangioma
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)
Post GI infxn or chlamydia
35. What lesion causes claw hand and What are the muscles involved
Posterior cord
After a large meal or EtOH conspumption
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
36. In which form is myosin light chain active
Pustule
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
Paralysis of abductors
Phosphorylated
37. Which type of muscle fiber is hypertrophied during weight training
Median nerve
Type 2
McCune - Albright syndrome
Down T tubule
38. What other lesion can cause the appearnce of the ulnar claw
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
Compressed by cervical rib or pancoasts tumor - leads to klumpke's
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
39. irregular raised lesion resulting from scar tissue hypertrophy - follows trauma to skin - common to african americans see in T. pertenue (yaws)
Cervical disk lesion
Keloid
Dermatomyositis
Parakeratosis
40. What are the possible origins of the paget's disease
Cherry hemangioma
4th and 5th finger
Rigor mortis
Viral - maybe paramyxovirus
41. Where does the muscle contraction travel after leaving the motor end plate
Down T tubule
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
Rheumatoid arthritis
Serum ca - phos - PTH are nl alk phos elevated
42. What happens in the power stroke of skeletal muscle contraction
Phosphate is liberated from the myosin head
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
Keloid
Axillary nerve
43. What are common features of lupus
Wheal
Gout
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Binds troponin C causing a conformational change leading to tropomyosin to move out of the way allowing for actin/myosin cycling
44. blister containing pus
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
Pseudogout
Pustule
B27 - no RF - males
45. What causes heart failure in with Paget's disease
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Pseudogout
Inc blood flow from AV shunts can cause high output heart failure
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
46. What molecule maintatins integrity of basement membrane and What does it bind
Biceps
Integrin binds laminin in BM
Anti Smith
Deep branch of radial nerve
47. deep tissue injury - crepitus from methane and CO2 production 'flesh eating bacteria' - condition and orgs
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
Seborrheic keratosis
Ulnar deviation - subluxation - bakers cysts (behind knee)
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
48. What is the characteristic appearance of bone - the common translocation - area of - and bones affected
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Onion skin - 11:22 - diaphysis of long bones - pelvis - scapula - ribs
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
Median nerve
49. What do anterior and posterior in ACL and PCL refer to...
Crust
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
Sites of tibial attachment
50. Decrease marrow space in osteopetrosis leads to what?
Posterior hip dislocation - can't jump - climb stairs or rise from seated positions
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
In pemphis vulgaris - separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin
Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion - ulnar claw hand - pope's blessing
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