Test your basic knowledge |

Musculoskeletal

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. bening cartilaginous neoplasm found in intramedullary bone - usually distal extremities
Endochondroma
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
Myosin
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen

2. What are predisposing factors for osteosarcoma - xray finding

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

3. What signal initiates a muscle contraction
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
Deep branch of radial nerve

4. epidermal hyperplasia (inc spinosum)
Parakeratosis
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Acanthosis

5. What kind of bone tumor is associated with FAP and What is the finding
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Osteoma (gardners syndrome) - new piece of bone grows on another bone - often skull
Seborrheic keratosis

6. Where does squamous cell carcinoma of the skin typically appear - What is the histo - prognosis - and associations
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
Stevens johnson syndrome - associated with adverse drug reactions - more severe version called toxic epidermal necrolysis
Osteoblastoma

7. What does subscapularis do
Endochondroma
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis - urethritis and arthritis
Medially rotates and adducts arm

8. dried exudates from a vesicle - bulla or pustule seen impetigo
B27 - no RF - males
Crust
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop

9. What are the most common symtpoms of SLE
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Outer arm
Psoriasis
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds

10. What is CREST syndrome and What antibody is it associated with
Condyloma acuminatum - caused by HPV
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
Type III - RF
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix

11. What are the lab findings in osteoporosis
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Connects cells to underlying extracellular - bullous pemphigoid
Nl - decreased bone mass
Myosin light chain phosphotase

12. What lesion causes difficulty flexing elbow with variable sensory loss
Musculocutaneous
Nl - decreased bone mass
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Flex at the MCP

13. white painless plaques on the tongue that cannot be scraped off - dz - population - implicated virus
Median nerve - lunate bone
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release

14. What variant of squamous cells carcinoma of the skin grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Keratoacanthoma
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+

15. inflammation of the skin
Dermatitis
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Down T tubule
Embryologic - childbirth defect - cervical rib compression - atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences - atrophy of interosseous muscles - sensory deficits of the medial side of the forearm and hand - disappearance of the radial pulse upon movin

16. warts on hands
Osteoarthritis
Verrucae vulgaris
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Elevated 1 alpha hydroxylase mediated vit D activation in epithloid macrophages

17. progressive symmetric proximal muscle weakness cause by CD8+ T cell induced injury to myofibers - dz - most common area of involvement and pathgnomonic histological finding
Polymyositis - shoulders - perifasicular inflammation
Vesicle
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Tear of the ACL

18. Autoimmune disorder with IgG antibody against hemidesmosomes - dz - IM - other findings

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

19. What nerve is compressed by supracondylar fracture of humerus
Median nerve
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
Musculocutaneous
Upper trunk of brachial plexus

20. What is contained within epithelial granulomas of pts with sarcoid
S. aureus - streptococcus
Adduct the fingers
Myosin
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies

21. How is chondrosarcoma described
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
Expansile glistening mass within the medullary cavity
Anti - histone
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum

22. papules and plaques with silvery scaling - especially on knees and elbows - acanthosis with parakeratotic scaling (nuclei sill in stratun corneum - nail pitting and arthritis
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
Psoriasis
Ulnar nerve
Carbonic anhydrase II

23. What lesion causes dec in thumb fxn 'ape hand'
Upper trunk compression - biceps - brachialis - corachobrachialis - flexion of arm at elbow - sensory = lateraly forearm
Median nerve
Osteoporosis
Type 2 - dec mitochondria and myoglobin - inc anaerobic glycolysis

24. What are the layers of of the epidermis from surface to base
Erythema multiforme - can be macules - papules vesicles - target lesions -
Corneum - lucidum - granulosum - spinosum - basalis
Anti Smith
Basal cell carcinoma - pearly papules - commonly with telangiectasias

25. In smooth muscle contraction - What does Ca bind and What is the purpose
Calmodulin - complex activates myosin light chain kinase
Bullous pemphigoid - linear immunofluorescence - eosinphils within blisters - similar to but less severed thatn pemphigus vulgaris - spares oral mucosa - negaitve nikolsky's sign
Basal cell carcinoma - pearly papules - commonly with telangiectasias
Type 2 - dec mitochondria and myoglobin - inc anaerobic glycolysis

26. Seronegative spondyloarthropathis have what HLA association - and why are they seronegative - and who do they more often occur in
Pityriasis rosea
B27 - no RF - males
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes

27. What is the classic presentation of RA
Iliac crest
Morning stiffness for > 30 min improving with use - symmetry - systemic sx
Spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina

28. What protects the brachial plexus in clavicle fracture
Musculocutaneous
Subclavius
Abduct the fingers
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes

29. elevated skin lesion <1cm seen in acne vulgaris
Papule
Flex the MCP joints and extend both the DIP and PIP joints
Medial 1.5 fingers - hypothenar eminence
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid

30. What do anterior and posterior in ACL and PCL refer to...
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
Femoral - thing flexion and leg extension - anterior thigh and medial leg
Radial nerve
Sites of tibial attachment

31. pelvic fracture can cause injury to which nerve - and What are the motor and sens def
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
Pseudogout
Femoral - thing flexion and leg extension - anterior thigh and medial leg
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs

32. small fluid containing blister seen in chickenpox
Vesicle
ANA - sensitive but not specific
Viral - maybe paramyxovirus
Acanthosis

33. Thenar eminence - nerve and muscles
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Age - obesity and joint deformity
Median - opponens pollicis - abductors pollicis brevis - flexor pollicis brevis
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent

34. What are the predisposing factors for osteoarthritis
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
B27 - no RF - males
Age - obesity and joint deformity
Posterior cord

35. inc thickness of stratum corneum seen in psoriasis
Hyperkeratosis
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes - foot dropPED; tibial inverts and plantarflexes - can't stand on Tip toes

36. most common benign tumor - mature bone with cartilaginous cap - men <25 - origintate froms long metaphysis
GC and cGMP and inhibition of MLCK
Lower trunk of brachial plexus
Ligand binding leads to muscle depol
Osteochondroma - exostosis

37. What does ATP do in skeletal muscle contraction
Interossei and adductor policis
Inc blood flow from AV shunts can cause high output heart failure
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Binds myosin head and releases actin filament allowing cross - bridge cycling and shortening to occur

38. What is a very specific test for lupus
4th and 5th finger
Macule
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis

39. acute painful spreading infxn of dermis and subQ tissues - condition and orgs
Serum ca - phos - alk phos are NL
Cellulitis - s aureus - s pyogenes
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
Inc blood flow from AV shunts can cause high output heart failure

40. What are the systemic symptoms found in RA
Mosiac bone pattern - long bone chalk stick fractures - increased hat size or hearing loss due to auditory foramen narrowing
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts

41. What test if specific for lupus but doesn't indicate prognosis
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
Anti Smith

42. Which muscle fiber type is slow twitch and why are fibers red
Type III - RF
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
Cartilaginous by chondrocytes first - osteoclasts and osteoblasts later replace with women bone and remodel to lamellar bone - endochondrial ossification
Type 1 - inc mitochondria and myoglobin conc - inc OXPHOS leading to sustained conctraction

43. What lesion causes winged scapula
Femoral - thing flexion and leg extension - anterior thigh and medial leg
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Long thoracic nerve

44. In which joints does pseudogout typically occur
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
Large goints (knee)
Flat bone (skul - facial bones - axial skeleton) woven directly formed - no cartilage - later remodeled to lamellar
Verrucae vulgaris

45. What is a positive Nikolsky's sign
Integrin binds laminin in BM
Median nerve - lunate bone
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+
In pemphis vulgaris - separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin

46. What are common features of lupus
Osteoma (gardners syndrome) - new piece of bone grows on another bone - often skull
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend

47. 2nd most malignant tumor of bone - men 10-20 - cancer - and primary malignant tumor bone
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
Dysplastic nevus
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
Osteosarcoma - multiple myeloma

48. Depolarizaition causes what voltage sensitive receptor coupled to what other receptor to induce a conformational change In what structure - releasing what?
False positives on syphillis test (RPR/VRDL) due to antiphospholipid antibodies - cross react with cardiolipin
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+

49. What is the TX for chronic gout
Nl - decreased bone mass
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Allopurinaol - uricosurics (probenicid)

50. What nerve is injured in a fracture of the medial epicondyle of humerus - and What is a more distal lesion injuring the same nerve
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
Down T tubule
Outer arm
GC and cGMP and inhibition of MLCK