SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. thickened - dense bones that are prone to fracture - dz and primary defect
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
The dermis
Medial aspect
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
2. elevated skin lesion <1cm seen in acne vulgaris
Embryologic - childbirth defect - cervical rib compression - atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences - atrophy of interosseous muscles - sensory deficits of the medial side of the forearm and hand - disappearance of the radial pulse upon movin
Elevated ESR and nl CK - prednisone
Papule
Stevens johnson syndrome - associated with adverse drug reactions - more severe version called toxic epidermal necrolysis
3. What kind of hypersens rxn is RA - and what serum marker is present in 80% of RA pts
Type III - RF
McCune - Albright syndrome
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
Ulnar nerve
4. dried exudates from a vesicle - bulla or pustule seen impetigo
Crust
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
Osteoid osteoma
Serum ca - phos - alk phos are NL
5. What nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome or a disclocation of this bone
Chondrosarcoma
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
Median nerve - lunate bone
Subclavius
6. inflammatory disorder affective synovial joints with pannus formation in joints
Dry eyes - dry mouth - nasal and vaginal dryness - chronic bronchitis - reflux esophagitis and No arthritis
Morning stiffness for > 30 min improving with use - symmetry - systemic sx
Rheumatoid arthritis
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
7. What is the characteristic appearance of bone - the common translocation - area of - and bones affected
False positives on syphillis test (RPR/VRDL) due to antiphospholipid antibodies - cross react with cardiolipin
Over deltoid
HI shrinks - A stays same
Onion skin - 11:22 - diaphysis of long bones - pelvis - scapula - ribs
8. What do lupus pts falsely test positive for syphillis
False positives on syphillis test (RPR/VRDL) due to antiphospholipid antibodies - cross react with cardiolipin
Long thoracic nerve
Type 2 - dec mitochondria and myoglobin - inc anaerobic glycolysis
Erythema nodosum
9. large fluid containing blisters seen in bullous pemphigoid
In pemphis vulgaris - separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin
Paralysis of lateral rotators
Staph scalded skin syndrome
Bulla
10. Seronegative spondyloarthropathis have what HLA association - and why are they seronegative - and who do they more often occur in
B27 - no RF - males
Corneum - lucidum - granulosum - spinosum - basalis
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
11. What do the branches of the deep ulnar nerve innervate
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Nevocellular nevus
Keloid
Interossei and adductor policis
12. What is the test for drug induced lupus
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Anti - histone
Compressed by cervical rib or pancoasts tumor - leads to klumpke's
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
13. first few weeks of life - grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously at 5 to 8 yrs of age
Anti - histone
Strawberry hemangioma
Cherry hemangioma
Thymoma
14. What is the tumor marker for melanoma - who is at risk - what correlates with risk of metastasis and What is the gross path
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
Long thoracic nerve
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
15. In which gender is gout more common and What does the crystals appear like microscopically
Serum ca - phos - alk phos are NL
Men - needle shaped and negatively birefringent = yellow crystals under parallel light
ACH esterase inhibitors - edrophonium test - improvement of sx after edro means the patient is underdosed
Integrin binds laminin in BM
16. What causes hypercalcemia in pts with sarcoid
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Elevated 1 alpha hydroxylase mediated vit D activation in epithloid macrophages
Men - needle shaped and negatively birefringent = yellow crystals under parallel light
17. What protects the brachial plexus in clavicle fracture
Median - opponens pollicis - abductors pollicis brevis - flexor pollicis brevis
Wheal
Subclavius
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
18. What nerve is injured in a fracutre of the hook of hamate
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Ulnar nerve
Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes - foot dropPED; tibial inverts and plantarflexes - can't stand on Tip toes
19. What antibodies is diffuse scleroderma associated with
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)
Anti Scl70 - anti DNA topoisomerase I antibody
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
20. white painless plaques on the tongue that cannot be scraped off - dz - population - implicated virus
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
Tear of the ACL
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
21. What causes the symptoms of MG to worsen - and What is used to diagnose
Pityriasis rosea
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds
22. What lesion causes total claw (klumpke's hand)
Erythema nodosum
Lung
Lower trunk of brachial plexus
Ulnar
23. How is diffuse scleroderma characterized
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
Type 2
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
Widespread skin involvment - rapid progression - early visceral involvement
24. What do xray show in osteopetrosis and What do potential CN abnl result from
Allopurinaol - uricosurics (probenicid)
Binds myosin head and releases actin filament allowing cross - bridge cycling and shortening to occur
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
25. bone replaced by fibroblasts and irregular bony trabeculae affecting many bones
Viral - maybe paramyxovirus
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
26. In which form is myosin light chain active
Compressed by cervical rib or pancoasts tumor - leads to klumpke's
Phosphorylated
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
27. yellow when parallel and blue when perpendicular
Gout
Keloid
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
28. What is the defect in Paget's disease
Adductor policis brevis
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
Increase in both osteoblast and osteoclast activity
29. What causes ape hand
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Anti Smith
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3) inhibits chondrocyte proliferation
30. Very superfiicial skin infection - honey colored crusting - very contagious - condition and organisms
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Over deltoid
Allopurinaol - uricosurics (probenicid)
Osteosarcoma - multiple myeloma
31. Where is T2 dermatome
Seborrheic keratosis
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
Axilla
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
32. What are the lab findings and TX in dermatomyositis
Osteoma (gardners syndrome) - new piece of bone grows on another bone - often skull
Loss of medial lumbrical fxn; 4th and 5th digits are clawed - when try to open hand - pinky and ring finger stay clawed
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
After a large meal or EtOH conspumption
33. Besides the skin - what other organ systems are commonly affected by scleroderma and who is primarily affected
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
Renal - pulm - CV - GI - 75% female
Loss of medial lumbrical fxn; 4th and 5th digits are clawed - when try to open hand - pinky and ring finger stay clawed
Osteoblastoma
34. What deformities of the hand are common in RA
Boutonniere - swan neck - zthumb
Osteoblastoma
Ribonucleoprotein antigents - SS- A and SS- B (Ro and La)
Long thoracic nerve
35. What is CREST syndrome and What antibody is it associated with
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
Intermediate jxn - just below zona occludens - cadherins and actin filaments - cadherins are dependent on Ca2+
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
36. What is the classic traid of sjogrens syndrome
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Glucocorticoids
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Fracture of surgical neck - dislocation of the humerus - intramuscular injections
37. How does the radial nerve in the spiral groove become injured
Dermatitis
Tight jxn - prevents diffusion across paracellular space - composed of claudins and occludins
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Boutonniere - swan neck - zthumb
38. Where does squamous cell carcinoma of the skin typically appear - What is the histo - prognosis - and associations
Median nerve
Palisading
Bullous pemphigoid - linear immunofluorescence - eosinphils within blisters - similar to but less severed thatn pemphigus vulgaris - spares oral mucosa - negaitve nikolsky's sign
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
39. What are the layers of of the epidermis from surface to base
Corneum - lucidum - granulosum - spinosum - basalis
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases
Upper trunk compression - biceps - brachialis - corachobrachialis - flexion of arm at elbow - sensory = lateraly forearm
Integrin binds laminin in BM
40. Deposition of calcium pyrophosphate cyrstals within the joint space
Down T tubule
Urticaria
Ulnar nerve - fracture of hook of hamate
Pseudogout
41. interlacing trabeculae of woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts
Osteoid osteoma
Nl - decreased bone mass
Intermediate jxn - just below zona occludens - cadherins and actin filaments - cadherins are dependent on Ca2+
Ulnar deviation - subluxation - bakers cysts (behind knee)
42. What are characteristic findings of gout
Flat bone (skul - facial bones - axial skeleton) woven directly formed - no cartilage - later remodeled to lamellar
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Radial - BEST extensors - posterior arm and dorsal hand/thumb - wrist drop
43. transiet vesicle seen in hives
Urticaria
Adductor policis brevis
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Wheal
44. How does gonococcal arthritis present
Boutonniere - swan neck - zthumb
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Paralysis of abductors
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
45. Associated with M. pneumonia - HSV - sulfa drugs - B lactams - phenytoin - cancers and autoimmune dz - skin disorder and description
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Erythema multiforme - can be macules - papules vesicles - target lesions -
Nevocellular nevus
46. What happens at the postsynaptic motor end plate
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
Bulla
Medially rotates and adducts arm
Ligand binding leads to muscle depol
47. Tumor occuring mostly at epiphyseal end of long bones - occuring btw 20 and 40 - locally aggressive bening tumor around distal femur and proximal tibia - tumor and characteristic xray findings
Median nerve - lunate bone
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
Teres minor
48. Where is T1 dermatome
Acanthosis
Down T tubule
Medial forearm and arm to just under the axilla
Teres minor
49. bening cartilaginous neoplasm found in intramedullary bone - usually distal extremities
Endochondroma
Adduct the fingers
4th and 5th finger
Precocious puberty
50. What are the lab findings in osteoporosis
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Ulnar - opponens digiti minimi - abductor digiti minimi - flexor digiti mimini
Nl - decreased bone mass