SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the classic traid of sjogrens syndrome
Osteoporosis
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Fracture of surgical neck - dislocation of the humerus - intramuscular injections
Anti Smith
2. Trauma to lateral aspect of leg or fibula neck fracture - nerve - motor and sens def
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
Intraepidermal bullae involving the skin and oral mucosa
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
3. Flat discloration <1cm seen in tinea versicolor
Macule
Widespread skin involvment - rapid progression - early visceral involvement
85% - advanced paternal age - or auto dominant inheritance
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
4. When does membranous ossification occur and What is the difference between membranous and endochondrial
Myosin light chain phosphotase
Acantholysis
Scleroderma
Flat bone (skul - facial bones - axial skeleton) woven directly formed - no cartilage - later remodeled to lamellar
5. What variant of squamous cells carcinoma of the skin grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously
Tight jxn - prevents diffusion across paracellular space - composed of claudins and occludins
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
Connects cells to underlying extracellular - bullous pemphigoid
Keratoacanthoma
6. What causes ape hand
McCune - Albright syndrome
Torn MCL
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
Glucocorticoids
7. What are the potential causes of gout
8. Which muscle laterally rotates and adducts arm
Ulnar - opponens digiti minimi - abductor digiti minimi - flexor digiti mimini
Papule
Teres minor
NC migration
9. What muscle the long thoracic nerve innervate - What does it do - and when can it be injured
Carbonic anhydrase II
Serratus anterior - connects scapular to thoracic cage - abduction above horizontal position - injured in mastectomy - winged scapula and lymphedema
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
10. What lesion causes claw hand and What are the muscles involved
Osteogenic carcinoma
Type 1 - inc mitochondria and myoglobin conc - inc OXPHOS leading to sustained conctraction
After a large meal or EtOH conspumption
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
11. What are the systemic symptoms found in RA
Fever - fatigue - pleuritis - pericarditis
Nl - decreased bone mass
Subclavius
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
12. What causes compression of the C7 nerve root
GC and cGMP and inhibition of MLCK
Chondrosarcoma
Down T tubule
Cervical disk lesion
13. What do pseudogout crystals appear like microscopically
Parakeratosis
Basal cell carcinoma - pearly papules - commonly with telangiectasias
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
14. What runs the distance of the A band
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Myosin
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
Serum ca - phos - alk phos are NL
15. Warts - soft - tan - colored - cauliflower type lesions - epidermal hyperplasia - hyperkeratosis - koilocytosis
Verrucae
Large goints (knee)
Mosiac bone pattern - long bone chalk stick fractures - increased hat size or hearing loss due to auditory foramen narrowing
Dermatitis
16. What muscles of the shoulder form the rotator cuff
The dermis
Posterior cord
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
Ulnar nerve
17. What causes osteoporosis type 1 and When does it typically occur
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
Type 2
18. What development failure can results in albinism
Binds troponin C causing a conformational change leading to tropomyosin to move out of the way allowing for actin/myosin cycling
Flat bone (skul - facial bones - axial skeleton) woven directly formed - no cartilage - later remodeled to lamellar
Median nerve
NC migration
19. What does I'M DAMN SHARP stand for
Immunoglobulins - malar rash - discoid rash - ANA - mucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) - neurologic disorders - serositis (pleuritis - pericarditis) - hematologic disorders - arthritis - renal - photosensitivity
Medial 1.5 fingers - hypothenar eminence
Large goints (knee)
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
20. Which type of muscle fiber is hypertrophied during weight training
The dermis
Type 2
Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion - ulnar claw hand - pope's blessing
Glucocorticoids
21. Patients with pagets disease can develop what cancer
Osteogenic carcinoma
Medial forearm and arm to just under the axilla
Glucocorticoids
Recurrent branch of the medain nerve
22. What nerve is compressed by supracondylar fracture of humerus
Stevens johnson syndrome - associated with adverse drug reactions - more severe version called toxic epidermal necrolysis
Immunoglobulins - malar rash - discoid rash - ANA - mucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) - neurologic disorders - serositis (pleuritis - pericarditis) - hematologic disorders - arthritis - renal - photosensitivity
Ephelis
Median nerve
23. What happens at the postsynaptic motor end plate
Pseudogout
Ligand binding leads to muscle depol
Head - trunk - extremities - common benign neoplasm in older persons
Medially rotates and adducts arm
24. dried exudates from a vesicle - bulla or pustule seen impetigo
Vesicle
Crust
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
25. most common benign tumor - mature bone with cartilaginous cap - men <25 - origintate froms long metaphysis
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Ulnar deviation - subluxation - bakers cysts (behind knee)
26. What is the sign of Leser - Trelat
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+
27. What are the most common symtpoms of SLE
Biceps
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds
Loss of medial lumbrical fxn; 4th and 5th digits are clawed - when try to open hand - pinky and ring finger stay clawed
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
28. What are the lab findings in osteitis fibrosa cystica
Ulnar - opponens digiti minimi - abductor digiti minimi - flexor digiti mimini
Inc Ca - dec phos - inc alk phos - inc PTH - brown tumors
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
29. Where is osteosarcoma found in the bone
Verrucae
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion - ulnar claw hand - pope's blessing
Median nerve
30. yellow when perpendicular and blue when parallel
Type 1 - inc mitochondria and myoglobin conc - inc OXPHOS leading to sustained conctraction
Ankylosing spondylitis - uveitis - aortic regurg and bamboo spine
Pseudogout
Actinic keratosis
31. What are the histo findings in an osteoclastoma
Conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis - urethritis and arthritis
Tibial - foot inversioon and plantarflexion; toe flexion - sole of foot is sensory
Spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells
Restrictive lung disease - bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy - erythema nodosum - Bell's palsy
32. What is the power stroke of muscle contraction
Myosin releases bound ADP and is displaced on the actin filament
Intraepidermal bullae involving the skin and oral mucosa
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
3rd finger
33. What are the motor defs of a proximal ulnar nerve injury
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
Binds myosin head and releases actin filament allowing cross - bridge cycling and shortening to occur
Men - needle shaped and negatively birefringent = yellow crystals under parallel light
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
34. What is the test for drug induced lupus
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release
Vit D def - dec Ca - inc PTH - dec serum phos - reversible when vit D is replaced
Anti - histone
35. warts on genitals
Acanthosis nigcricans
Condyloma acuminatum - caused by HPV
Wheal
Age - obesity and joint deformity
36. Loss of what muslces in Erbs causes the limb to hang by side
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
EtOH metabolites compete for same excretion site in kidney as uric acid - causing dec uric acid secretion and subsequent buildup
Connects cells to underlying extracellular - bullous pemphigoid
Paralysis of abductors
37. What happens at the gap jxn and what molecules create them
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
Crust
Dermatitis
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
38. What are the borders of the superficial branch of the radial nerve dermatone
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Median - opponens pollicis - abductors pollicis brevis - flexor pollicis brevis
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits
39. What other lesion can cause the appearnce of the ulnar claw
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
B27 - no RF - males
40. Anterior hip dislocation causes injury to what nerve and What are the motor and sensory defs
Flat bone (skul - facial bones - axial skeleton) woven directly formed - no cartilage - later remodeled to lamellar
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Obturator - thigh adduction - medial thigh
41. Tumor occuring mostly at epiphyseal end of long bones - occuring btw 20 and 40 - locally aggressive bening tumor around distal femur and proximal tibia - tumor and characteristic xray findings
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion - ulnar claw hand - pope's blessing
42. What does soft bones result from and What is the dz called in adults and children
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
Deep branch of radial nerve
43. What are the the common causes of Erb palsy - and What are the associated findings
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
Degenerative injury due to repeated use - tiny tears in the tendons and muscles - may be inflammatory - lateral epicondyle is tennis - medial epicondyle is golf
Radial nerve
44. What form of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia has multiple unilateral bones lesions associated with endocrine abnl and unilateral pigmented skin lesions - caf
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Type 2 - dec mitochondria and myoglobin - inc anaerobic glycolysis
McCune - Albright syndrome
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
45. What lesion causes dec in thumb fxn 'ape hand'
Wheal
Median nerve
Lower trunk of brachial plexus
Osteoarthritis
46. Seronegative spondyloarthropathis have what HLA association - and why are they seronegative - and who do they more often occur in
B27 - no RF - males
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
Musculocutaneous
Head - trunk - extremities - common benign neoplasm in older persons
47. white painless plaques on the tongue that cannot be scraped off - dz - population - implicated virus
McCune - Albright syndrome
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Inc blood flow from AV shunts can cause high output heart failure
Renal - pulm - CV - GI - 75% female
48. bone replaced by fibroblasts and irregular bony trabeculae affecting many bones
Torn MCL
Type 2
3rd finger
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
49. What is TX for osteoporosis
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases
Myosin releases bound ADP and is displaced on the actin filament
Outer arm
50. What test if specific for lupus but doesn't indicate prognosis
Elevated 1 alpha hydroxylase mediated vit D activation in epithloid macrophages
After a large meal or EtOH conspumption
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
Anti Smith