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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2nd most malignant tumor of bone - men 10-20 - cancer - and primary malignant tumor bone
Osteosarcoma - multiple myeloma
Ephelis
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
2. What syndrome of the NMJ is a paraneoplastic syndrome and What are the antibodies directed against
3rd finger
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness
Wheal
85% - advanced paternal age - or auto dominant inheritance
3. What is the TX for acute gout
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
Median nerve - lunate bone
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
Down T tubule
4. premalignant lesions caused by sun exposure - small rough - erythematous or brownish papules - cutaenous horns - Name and risk of carcinoma
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
After a large meal or EtOH conspumption
Nevocellular nevus
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
5. What causes golf or tennis elbow
Osteogenic carcinoma
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
Axillary nerve
Degenerative injury due to repeated use - tiny tears in the tendons and muscles - may be inflammatory - lateral epicondyle is tennis - medial epicondyle is golf
6. What is the Auspitz sign
Keratoacanthoma
Ulnar nerve
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off
7. subchondreal cysts - sclerosis - osteophytes - joint space narrowing - eburnation - hebereden's nodes (DIP) bouchard nodes (PIP) - characteristic findings of this dz
GC and cGMP and inhibition of MLCK
Anti Smith
Osteoarthritis
Sites of tibial attachment
8. How is diffuse scleroderma characterized
Axillary nerve
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Widespread skin involvment - rapid progression - early visceral involvement
Osteoid osteoma
9. common mole - benign
Immunoglobulins - malar rash - discoid rash - ANA - mucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) - neurologic disorders - serositis (pleuritis - pericarditis) - hematologic disorders - arthritis - renal - photosensitivity
Upper trunk compression - biceps - brachialis - corachobrachialis - flexion of arm at elbow - sensory = lateraly forearm
Nevocellular nevus
Long thoracic nerve
10. normal melanocyte number with dec melanin production due to inactivity of tyrosine
Albinism
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
11. Seronegative spondyloarthropathis have what HLA association - and why are they seronegative - and who do they more often occur in
HI shrinks - A stays same
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off
Cervical disk lesion
B27 - no RF - males
12. What enzyme is necessary for smooth muscle relaxation after contraction
Rigor mortis
Vesicle
Myosin light chain phosphotase
EtOH metabolites compete for same excretion site in kidney as uric acid - causing dec uric acid secretion and subsequent buildup
13. How does gonococcal arthritis present
Tight jxn - prevents diffusion across paracellular space - composed of claudins and occludins
Steroids
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
STD presents as a monarticular - migratory arthritis with an asynmetrical pattern - affected joint is painful - red and swollen
14. Tumor occuring mostly at epiphyseal end of long bones - occuring btw 20 and 40 - locally aggressive bening tumor around distal femur and proximal tibia - tumor and characteristic xray findings
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
Radial nerve
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
15. How does the radial nerve in the spiral groove become injured
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Flex at the MCP
16. Which muscle is the most common rotator cuff injury and What does it do
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
Men and women > 70 - senile osteporosis
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
Infraspinatus - laterally rotates arm
17. What cancer in particular are associated with LE syndrome - what happens to symptoms with muscle use or ACH esterase inhibs
Median nerve - lunate bone
Carbonic anhydrase II
Psoriasis
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs
18. elevated skin lesion <1cm seen in acne vulgaris
Plaque
Binds myosin head and releases actin filament allowing cross - bridge cycling and shortening to occur
Pseudogout
Papule
19. What kind of jxn is in the zona adherens and Where is it - What is it composed of - and what ion does it does it depend on...
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Erythema multiforme - can be macules - papules vesicles - target lesions -
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
Intermediate jxn - just below zona occludens - cadherins and actin filaments - cadherins are dependent on Ca2+
20. What supplies innervation to the thenar muscles
Anti Smith
Dermatitis
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Gout
21. Which nerve is compressed in deep forearm
Anterior interosseous nerve
Type 1 - inc mitochondria and myoglobin conc - inc OXPHOS leading to sustained conctraction
Large goints (knee)
Flex at the MCP
22. herald path followed by days later christmas tree distribution - multiple papular eruptions; remits spontaneously
Lesch - nyhan - PRPP excess - dec exretion of uric acid (thiazide) inc cell turnover - von Gierke's dz - 90% due to underexcretion - 10% to overproduction
Squamous cell carcinoma
Nl - thickened dense bones
Pityriasis rosea
23. most common benign tumor - mature bone with cartilaginous cap - men <25 - origintate froms long metaphysis
Mesenchymal stem cells in periosteum
Anti - histone
Osteoarthritis
Osteochondroma - exostosis
24. What does IM reveal in pemphigus vulgaris
Flex at the MCP
Antibodies around cells of the epidermis in a reticular or netlike pattern
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
Rheumatoid arthritis
25. What does injury to the distal ulnar nerve cause
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Strawberry hemangioma
Myosin releases bound ADP and is displaced on the actin filament
Loss of medial lumbrical fxn; 4th and 5th digits are clawed - when try to open hand - pinky and ring finger stay clawed
26. What is the characteristic appearance of bone - the common translocation - area of - and bones affected
Acute back pain - loss of height - and kyphosis
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - infection - extramedullary hematopoiesis
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
Onion skin - 11:22 - diaphysis of long bones - pelvis - scapula - ribs
27. locally invasive but rarely mets skin cancer - rolled edges - with central ulceration - cancer and gross path
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Ulnar deviation - subluxation - bakers cysts (behind knee)
Boutonniere - swan neck - zthumb
Basal cell carcinoma - pearly papules - commonly with telangiectasias
28. What are the signs of ulnar nerve injury
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29. irregular areas of complete depigmentation - condition and cause
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3) inhibits chondrocyte proliferation
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
30. inflammation of the skin
Actin
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
Dermatitis
31. skin cancer associatd associated with excessive exposure to sunlight and arsenic
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Squamous cell carcinoma
Ribonucleoprotein antigents - SS- A and SS- B (Ro and La)
Papule
32. Through what pathway does NO work and What is the downstream effect
Inc blood flow from AV shunts can cause high output heart failure
Adduct the fingers
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
GC and cGMP and inhibition of MLCK
33. small fluid containing blister seen in chickenpox
Osteoma (gardners syndrome) - new piece of bone grows on another bone - often skull
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Urticaria
Vesicle
34. What lesion causes dec in thumb fxn 'ape hand'
Type III - RF
Macule
Serum ca - phos - PTH are nl alk phos elevated
Median nerve
35. What causes osteoporosis type 1 and When does it typically occur
Actin
Phosphorylates myosin light chain which leads to cross bridge formation
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal
36. bening cartilaginous neoplasm found in intramedullary bone - usually distal extremities
Flex the MCP joints and extend both the DIP and PIP joints
Median nerve - lunate bone
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Endochondroma
37. What antibody is less sensitive than RF but more specific and What is the HLA association
Inc Ca - dec phos - inc alk phos - inc PTH - brown tumors
Anti - CCP - HLA- DR4
Infraspinatus - laterally rotates arm
Axilla
38. What is the classic traid of sjogrens syndrome
Chondrosarcoma - pelvis - spine - scapula - humerus - tibia - or femur
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Musculocutaneous
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis
39. What is CREST syndrome and What antibody is it associated with
Patch
Ulnar deviation - subluxation - bakers cysts (behind knee)
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
Sites of tibial attachment
40. What lesion causes deltoid paralysis
Axillary nerve
Lichen planus
Myosin light chain phosphotase
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
41. Warts - soft - tan - colored - cauliflower type lesions - epidermal hyperplasia - hyperkeratosis - koilocytosis
Verrucae
Bullous pemphigoid - linear immunofluorescence - eosinphils within blisters - similar to but less severed thatn pemphigus vulgaris - spares oral mucosa - negaitve nikolsky's sign
Teres minor
Pain in weight bearing joints at the end of the day and improving with rest
42. pruritic - purple - polygonal papules - sawtooth infiltrate of lymphocytes at dermal - epidermal jxn - associated with hep C
Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes - foot dropPED; tibial inverts and plantarflexes - can't stand on Tip toes
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Keratoacanthoma
Lichen planus
43. What kind of endocrine abnl are associated with McCune Albright
Ulnar nerve
Anti Smith
Precocious puberty
McCune - Albright syndrome
44. What causes compression of the C7 nerve root
Paralysis of lateral rotators
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
Cervical disk lesion
Onion skin - 11:22 - diaphysis of long bones - pelvis - scapula - ribs
45. mechanical wear and tear of joints leading to destruction of articular cartilage
Immunoglobulins - malar rash - discoid rash - ANA - mucositis (oropharyngeal ulcers) - neurologic disorders - serositis (pleuritis - pericarditis) - hematologic disorders - arthritis - renal - photosensitivity
Osteoarthritis
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes
46. What are predisposing factors for osteosarcoma - xray finding
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47. What is a very specific test for lupus
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
Osteoid osteoma
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
48. Besides the skin - what other organ systems are commonly affected by scleroderma and who is primarily affected
Adduct the fingers
Carbonic anhydrase II
Renal - pulm - CV - GI - 75% female
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
49. What organisms can cause chronic infectious arthritis
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
Gout
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
Binds myosin head and releases actin filament allowing cross - bridge cycling and shortening to occur
50. What does acantholysis show in pemphigus vulgaris
Phosphate is liberated from the myosin head
Peroneal everts and dorsiflexes - foot dropPED; tibial inverts and plantarflexes - can't stand on Tip toes
Intraepidermal bullae involving the skin and oral mucosa
Actinic keratosis