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Test your basic knowledge |
Musculoskeletal
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What development failure can results in albinism
Conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis - urethritis and arthritis
Viral - maybe paramyxovirus
NC migration
Inc alk phos - abnl bone architecture
2. epidermal hyperplasia (inc spinosum)
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
Acanthosis
3. What does the positive anterior drawer sign test indicate
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
Dec Ca - dec phos - nl alk phos - inc PTH - soft bones
Tear of the ACL
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
4. What nerve is injured by a fracture of the epicondyle of humerus or repeated minor traumas
Ulnar nerve
Acantholysis
Head - trunk - extremities - common benign neoplasm in older persons
Troponin C - conformational change that moves tropomyosin out the myosin binding groove on actin filaments
5. interlacing trabeculae of woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts
Small cell cancer of the lung - improve with muscle use - no change with ACHE inhibs
Corneum - lucidum - granulosum - spinosum - basalis
Osteoid osteoma
Median - opponens pollicis - abductors pollicis brevis - flexor pollicis brevis
6. premalignant lesions caused by sun exposure - small rough - erythematous or brownish papules - cutaenous horns - Name and risk of carcinoma
Cherry hemangioma
Albinism
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
7. What does lack of ATP cause
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
Rigor mortis
8. What organisms can cause chronic infectious arthritis
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
Failure of longitudinal growth (endochondrial ossification) leading to short limbs - membranous is unaffected - large head
Calmodulin - complex activates myosin light chain kinase
Medial 1.5 fingers - hypothenar eminence
9. Where are most osteoid osteoma found and In what population
Bulla
< 2mc found in proximal tibia and femur - men < 25
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
Erythema nodosum
10. What autoantibodies are formed in sjogrens syndrome
Pseudogout
Medial forearm and arm to just under the axilla
Ribonucleoprotein antigents - SS- A and SS- B (Ro and La)
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
11. What is the power stroke of muscle contraction
Long thoracic nerve
Myosin releases bound ADP and is displaced on the actin filament
Acanthosis
Proximal median nerve lesion - loss of opponens pollicis muscle fxn leading to unopposoble thumb
12. first few weeks of life - grows rapidly and regresses spontaneously at 5 to 8 yrs of age
Pemphigus vulgaris
Seborrheic keratosis
Renal - pulm - CV - GI - 75% female
Strawberry hemangioma
13. What causes the symptoms of MG to worsen - and What is used to diagnose
Precocious puberty
Type 2
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
14. flat - greasy - pigmented - squamous epithelial proliferation with keratin - filled cyts (horn cysts) - looks pasted on...
Integrin binds laminin in BM
Seborrheic keratosis
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds
15. Flat discloration <1cm seen in tinea versicolor
Verrucae vulgaris
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
Macule
Iliac crest
16. What nerve become injured in the incorrect use of a crutch
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
Embryologic - childbirth defect - cervical rib compression - atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences - atrophy of interosseous muscles - sensory deficits of the medial side of the forearm and hand - disappearance of the radial pulse upon movin
Teres minor
17. What kind of jxn is in the zona adherens and Where is it - What is it composed of - and what ion does it does it depend on...
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Intermediate jxn - just below zona occludens - cadherins and actin filaments - cadherins are dependent on Ca2+
Thymoma
Median nerve
18. In which joints does pseudogout typically occur
GC and cGMP and inhibition of MLCK
Axillary - deltoid - skin over deltoid - flattened deltoid
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
Large goints (knee)
19. Where is McBurney's point and What is there
Crohns and ulcerative colitis
Endochondroma
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
20. What are the signs of ulnar nerve injury
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21. Autoimmune disorder with IgG antibody against hemidesmosomes - dz - IM - other findings
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22. What other lesion can cause the appearnce of the ulnar claw
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) - double bubble or soap bubble
Vesicle
Fracture of surgical neck - dislocation of the humerus - intramuscular injections
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion
23. Very superfiicial skin infection - honey colored crusting - very contagious - condition and organisms
Steroids
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
Condyloma acuminatum - caused by HPV
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
24. white painless plaques on the tongue that cannot be scraped off - dz - population - implicated virus
Staph scalded skin syndrome
Hairy leukoplakia - HIV population - EBV mediated
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
Cellulitis - s aureus - s pyogenes
25. What molecule maintatins integrity of basement membrane and What does it bind
Flex the MCP joints and extend both the DIP and PIP joints
Squamous cell carcinoma
Seborrheic keratosis
Integrin binds laminin in BM
26. What is the precursor to melanom
Squamous cell carcinoma
Acantholysis
Dysplastic nevus
Acanthosis
27. Reduction of primarily trabecular (spongy) bone mass despite nl bone mineralization lab values
Schaumann (calcium and protein inclusions inside Langhans giant cells) and asteroid bodies
Mesenchymal stem cells in periosteum
Anti Smith
Osteoporosis
28. What causes a lesion in the upper trunk of the brachial plexus
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Trauma
29. Sarcoid TX
Ulnar
Steroids
Psoriatic arthritis - occurs is less than 1/3 of psoriasis pts
Sites of tibial attachment
30. larger osteoid osteoma found in vertebral column
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Cartilaginous by chondrocytes first - osteoclasts and osteoblasts later replace with women bone and remodel to lamellar bone - endochondrial ossification
Osteoblastoma
Ulnar - opponens digiti minimi - abductor digiti minimi - flexor digiti mimini
31. What is the Auspitz sign
Precocious puberty
Urticaria
Musculocutaneous
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off
32. most common benign tumor - mature bone with cartilaginous cap - men <25 - origintate froms long metaphysis
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Ulnar
Ephelis
33. What nerve is injured by a superficial laceration of the hand
Recurrent branch of the medain nerve
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
Deep branch of radial nerve
Medial forearm and arm to just under the axilla
34. What are the bone mineralization lab findings in osteopetrosis
S. aureus - streptococcus
Ankylosing spondylitis - uveitis - aortic regurg and bamboo spine
Serum ca - phos - alk phos are NL
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
35. What receptor is constitutively activated in achondroplasia and What does it do
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3) inhibits chondrocyte proliferation
Ewings sarcoma - aggressive with early mets - but responsive to chemo
Type 2 - dec mitochondria and myoglobin - inc anaerobic glycolysis
36. fever - bulla formation and necrosis - sloughing of skin and high mortality - syndrome and associations
Infraspinatus - laterally rotates arm
Loss of lateral lumbrical fxn - 2nd and 3d digits are clawed and can't extend
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Stevens johnson syndrome - associated with adverse drug reactions - more severe version called toxic epidermal necrolysis
37. Contraction results in shortening of what bands - and what band remains the same length
Sarcoidosis - black females - ACE
Post GI infxn or chlamydia
Basal cell carcinoma - pearly papules - commonly with telangiectasias
HI shrinks - A stays same
38. What are the lab findings and TX in dermatomyositis
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
Ulnar nerve
Median nerve
Gout
39. Besides the skin - what other organ systems are commonly affected by scleroderma and who is primarily affected
Renal - pulm - CV - GI - 75% female
Thymoma
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
Biceps
40. What do the branches of the deep ulnar nerve innervate
Atopic dermatitis - eczema
Interossei and adductor policis
Flex at the MCP
Musculocutaneous
41. irregular raised lesion resulting from scar tissue hypertrophy - follows trauma to skin - common to african americans see in T. pertenue (yaws)
Keloid
Median nerve - same fingers but not on the hand
Blow to the shoulder - trauma during delivery; limb hangs by side - medially rotated - forearm is pronated
SERMs - calcitonin - bisphosphates or pulsatile PTH for severe cases
42. small fluid containing blister seen in chickenpox
4th and 5th finger
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
Pityriasis rosea
Vesicle
43. What nerve is injured in a posterior hip dislocation or polio and What are the motor defs
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
Cherry hemangioma
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus
Interossei and adductor policis
44. warts on hands
Flat bone (skul - facial bones - axial skeleton) woven directly formed - no cartilage - later remodeled to lamellar
McCune - Albright syndrome
Cherry hemangioma
Verrucae vulgaris
45. What kind of hypersens rxn is RA - and what serum marker is present in 80% of RA pts
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Polymyaglia rheumatica associated with temporal (giant cell) arteritis
Type III - RF
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
46. What disease is caused by autoantibodies to desomosmes - What area of the cell would it occur - and what molecules are connecting
Iliac crest
Nl - thickened dense bones
Pemphigus vulgaris - macula adherens where cadherins attach to intermediate filaments
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
47. mechanical wear and tear of joints leading to destruction of articular cartilage
4th and 5th finger
Type 2
Carbonic anhydrase II
Osteoarthritis
48. What is a very specific test for lupus
Flex the MCP joints and extend both the DIP and PIP joints
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
Precocious puberty
49. Other than N. gono - what organisms can cause infectious - septic arthritis
Medial forearm and arm to just under the axilla
Dermatitis
Obturator - thigh adduction - medial thigh
S. aureus - streptococcus
50. What does injury to the distal ulnar nerve cause
S. aureus - streptococcus
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Loss of medial lumbrical fxn; 4th and 5th digits are clawed - when try to open hand - pinky and ring finger stay clawed
Calmodulin - complex activates myosin light chain kinase