Test your basic knowledge |

Musculoskeletal

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. pruritic papules and vesicles - deposits of IgA a the tips of dermal papillae - associated with celiac
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia

2. warts on hands
Verrucae vulgaris
Anti ds DNA - poor prognosis
Boutonniere - swan neck - zthumb
Lichen planus

3. What lesion causes wrist drop
Defective mineralization/calcification of osteoid - osteomalacia in adults and ricketts in kids
Ankylosing spondylitis - uveitis - aortic regurg and bamboo spine
Actinic keratosis - risk proportional to epithelial dysplasia
Posterior cord

4. elevated skin lesion <1cm seen in acne vulgaris
Papule
Asymmetric - swollen - red - painful joint - often MTP (podagra) - tophus formation on external ear - olecranon bursa - achilles tendon
Anterior interosseous nerve
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome

5. bone replaced by fibroblasts and irregular bony trabeculae affecting many bones
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
Strawberry hemangioma
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Fracture of surgical neck - dislocation of the humerus - intramuscular injections

6. What does acantholysis show in pemphigus vulgaris
Torn MCL
Ulnar nerve - intrinsic muscles of hand
Osteoarthritis
Intraepidermal bullae involving the skin and oral mucosa

7. Where is T2 dermatome
Medial finger flexion - wrist flexion
Myosin
Axilla
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent

8. Dermatomyositis places the pt at inc risk For what malignancy in particular
Flex the MCP joints and extend both the DIP and PIP joints
Lung
Serum ca - phos - PTH are nl alk phos elevated
Tear of the ACL

9. Where does squamous cell carcinoma of the skin typically appear - What is the histo - prognosis - and associations
Hands and face - ulcerative red lesion - locally invasive bur rare metastasis - associated with chronic draining sinuses and keratin pearls
Over deltoid
Verrucae vulgaris
MCL - ACL - lateral meniscus (esp in athletes)

10. What are the associations for sjogrens syndrome
Cherry hemangioma
Parotid enlargement - inc risk of B cell lymphoma - dental caries
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
Inc alk phos - abnl bone architecture

11. common mole - benign
EtOH metabolites compete for same excretion site in kidney as uric acid - causing dec uric acid secretion and subsequent buildup
Nevocellular nevus
Lesion to lower trunk of brachial plexus - loss of fxn of all lumbricals - forearm finger flexors - finger extensors are unopposed (radial nerve)
In psoriasis - bleeding spots when scales are scraped off

12. What lesion causes deltoid paralysis
Ulnar - opponens digiti minimi - abductor digiti minimi - flexor digiti mimini
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
Axillary nerve
Serum ca - phos - alk phos are NL

13. osteochondrosis has rare malignant transformation into what cancer
Chondrosarcoma
S100 - associated with sunligh exposure - fair skinned at risk - depth of tumor correlates with risk of mets - dark with irregular borders
Osteopetrosis - abnl fxn of osteoclasts
Type III - RF

14. hyperpigmentation associated with pregnancy or OCP
Metaphysis of long bones - distal femur
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
Type 1 - inc mitochondria and myoglobin conc - inc OXPHOS leading to sustained conctraction
Melasma (chloasma)

15. What are the classic fractures in pts with osteoporosis

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

16. irregular areas of complete depigmentation - condition and cause
Erythema nodosum
Muslce use - nerve stim/compound muscle test
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
Dec estrogen causes inc bone resorption - postmenopausal

17. What causes golf or tennis elbow
Precocious puberty
Degenerative injury due to repeated use - tiny tears in the tendons and muscles - may be inflammatory - lateral epicondyle is tennis - medial epicondyle is golf
S. aureus - streptococcus
Corneum - lucidum - granulosum - spinosum - basalis

18. What is the classic traid of sjogrens syndrome
Allows adjacent cells to communicate for electric and metabolic fxns - connexons
Thymoma
Pseudogout
Xeropthalmia - xerostomia - arthritis

19. progressive symmetric proximal muscle weakness cause by CD8+ T cell induced injury to myofibers - dz - most common area of involvement and pathgnomonic histological finding
Outer arm
Inc spinosum - dec granulosum
The dermis
Polymyositis - shoulders - perifasicular inflammation

20. What are the motor - sensory deficits and sign of carpal tunnel syndrome
Embryologic - childbirth defect - cervical rib compression - atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences - atrophy of interosseous muscles - sensory deficits of the medial side of the forearm and hand - disappearance of the radial pulse upon movin
GC and cGMP and inhibition of MLCK
Actinic keratosis
Opposition of thumb - dorsal/palmar 3.5 fingers sensory - ulnar deviation upon wrist flexion

21. What do lumbricals do
Flex the MCP joints and extend both the DIP and PIP joints
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
Phosphorylates myosin light chain which leads to cross bridge formation
Myosin light chain phosphotase

22. What is the most common NMJ disorder - What causes it and What are common symptoms
Ulnar nerve - adduction of thumb - extension of 4th and 5th fingers (lumbricals)
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Sarcoidosis - black females - ACE

23. What nerve is injured in a posterior hip dislocation or polio and What are the motor defs
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)
Supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis - SItS
Median nerve
Large goints (knee)

24. What do lupus pts falsely test positive for syphillis
False positives on syphillis test (RPR/VRDL) due to antiphospholipid antibodies - cross react with cardiolipin
Inc CK - inc aldolase - and positive ANA and anti Jo -1 - steroids
Sarcoidosis - black females - ACE
Superior glut - thigh abduction - pos trendelenburg - hip drops when standing on the opposite foot (standing on the side of the lesion)

25. In skeletal and smooth muscle contraction - when Ca2+ enters the cytoplasm - What does it do
Exercise and Ca ingestion before age 30
Ulnar - opponens digiti minimi - abductor digiti minimi - flexor digiti mimini
Binds troponin C causing a conformational change leading to tropomyosin to move out of the way allowing for actin/myosin cycling
Lamber eaton - presynaptic Ca channels - dec ACH release leading to proximal muscle weakness

26. separation of epidermal cells
Acantholysis
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
NSAIDs (indomethacin) colchicine
Musculocutaneous

27. Very superfiicial skin infection - honey colored crusting - very contagious - condition and organisms
Endochondroma
Fever - fatigue - weight loss - nonbacterial verruucous (Liebman - Sacks) endocarditis - hilar adenopathy - Raynauds
Impetigo - s aureus - s pyogenes
Viral - maybe paramyxovirus

28. epi of SLE
Recurrent branch of the medain nerve
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid
Osteoarthritis
Female between 14 and 45 - mostly black

29. What are the signs of ulnar nerve injury

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

30. What does the hemidesmosome do and what disease is caused by autoantibodies to it
Bulla
Connects cells to underlying extracellular - bullous pemphigoid
Serum ca - phos - alk phos are NL
Pityriasis rosea

31. What other lesion can cause the appearnce of the ulnar claw
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Median - lateral finger and wrist flexion - dorsal palmar aspects of lateral 3.5 fingers/thenar eminence - ape hand - carpal tunnel syndrome
Making fist with a proximal median nerve lesion

32. Other than N. gono - what organisms can cause infectious - septic arthritis
S. aureus - streptococcus
The dermis
Erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out - narrowed foramina
Myasthenia gravis - autoAb against ACH receptors causing ptosis - diplopia - general weakness -

33. What are common features of lupus
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
Fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by palisading histiocytes
Wire - loop lesions in kidney with immune complex deposition - death from renal failure and infxns

34. What clinical features in vertebral crush fractures
Osteochondroma - exostosis
Acute back pain - loss of height - and kyphosis
Erythema nodosum
Torn MCL

35. What deformities of the hand are common in RA
Boutonniere - swan neck - zthumb
Papule
Calcinosis - raynauds - esophageal dysmotility - sclerodactyly - telangiectasia - anti centromere antibody
Dec Ca - dec phos - nl alk phos - inc PTH - soft bones

36. What is a positive Nikolsky's sign
Osteoma (gardners syndrome) - new piece of bone grows on another bone - often skull
HI shrinks - A stays same
In pemphis vulgaris - separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin
Voltage sens - dihydropiridine R coupled to ryanodine recpetor - conformational change in the SR - releasing Ca2+

37. papule > 1cm seen psoriasis
Osteoarthritis
Plaque
Dermatomyositis
Polymyaglia rheumatica associated with temporal (giant cell) arteritis

38. What does injury to the distal median nerve cause

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

39. dried exudates from a vesicle - bulla or pustule seen impetigo
Pustule
Outer arm
Crust
Lesioned by midshaft fracture of humerus

40. What are the borders of the superficial branch of the radial nerve dermatone
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Common peroneal - foot eversion and dorsiflexion - toe extention - foot drop - foot slap - stepped gaint - anterolateral leg and dorsal aspect of foot for sensory
Condyloma acuminatum - caused by HPV

41. deep tissue injury - crepitus from methane and CO2 production 'flesh eating bacteria' - condition and orgs
Medially rotates and adducts arm
Middle bicep down - cuts lateral at cuboidal foass and runs distally to include the thumb and 2nd digit
Crohns and ulcerative colitis
Necrotizing fasciitis - anaerobic bacteria or S. pyogenes

42. What is the sign of Leser - Trelat
Renal - pulm - CV - GI - 75% female
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
Onion skin - 11:22 - diaphysis of long bones - pelvis - scapula - ribs
Sudden appearance of multiple sebhorrheic keratosis lesions indicating underlying lesions - GI or lymphoid

43. Where is McBurney's point and What is there
Rheumatoid arthritis
2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spine - appendix
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Widespread skin involvment - rapid progression - early visceral involvement

44. What lesions causes Erb's palsy
Upper trunk of brachial plexus
Increase in both osteoblast and osteoclast activity
Basophilic - rhomboid crystals - weakly birefringent
AP depol opens voltage gated Ca channels - inducing NT release

45. What is the primary screening test for lupus
ANA - sensitive but not specific
Cartilaginous by chondrocytes first - osteoclasts and osteoblasts later replace with women bone and remodel to lamellar bone - endochondrial ossification
Intermediate jxn - just below zona occludens - cadherins and actin filaments - cadherins are dependent on Ca2+
Condyloma acuminatum - caused by HPV

46. What does ATP do in skeletal muscle contraction
Binds myosin head and releases actin filament allowing cross - bridge cycling and shortening to occur
Radial nerve becomes compressed in axilla
Vertebral crush fractures - femoral neck fractures - distal radius (Colles') fracture
Verrucae

47. inc thickness of stratum corneum seen in psoriasis
Cervical disk lesion
Supraspinatus - abducts the arm before the deltoid
MCP - PIP - no DIP
Hyperkeratosis

48. What organisms can cause chronic infectious arthritis
Vitiligo - dec number in melanocytes
Lower trunk of brachial plexus
TB from dissemination and lyme dz
Dorsal side of lateral hand - most of lateral surface of the thumb - no digits

49. Where does cartilage loss begin in osteoarthritis
Ischial spine - relieve pain during delivery
Inc blood flow from AV shunts can cause high output heart failure
Medial aspect
Actinic keratosis

50. What kind of hypersens rxn is RA - and what serum marker is present in 80% of RA pts
Type III - RF
Embryologic - childbirth defect - cervical rib compression - atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences - atrophy of interosseous muscles - sensory deficits of the medial side of the forearm and hand - disappearance of the radial pulse upon movin
Erythema multiforme - can be macules - papules vesicles - target lesions -
Spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells