NCLEX Medications

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• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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• Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is an example of a cerebral stimulant?
Aspirin (incr. bleed) - Coumadin (incr. bleed) - Dilantin (seizure) - Flagyl - Isoniazid (INH) (liver damage) - tranquilizers (sedation) - and Tylenol.
Ritalin
(analgesic) 600 mg Q6H
(Psych med) 5-10 mg-6H


2. What is important to know about Codeine? (SE - check - use - diet)
It is a vitamin given with iron foods to help absorption.
4:00 pm (mid afternoon)
Pryidium
It is an opiate analgesic. SE include constipation. Monitor bowel movements. And it is the only med for head injuries. Pt should be on a high fiber diet.


3. What are 2 examples of antipyretic/antiplatelet/antiinflammatory/analgesic?
Nifedinpine (procardia) - Verapamil - and Toprol (metoprolol/lopressor).
Aspirin (ASA) and Tylenol
Pregnant women bc it can cause dental problems and black/brown teeth discoloration for the baby.
4:00 pm (mid afternoon)


4. What does olestra do?
Nausea - Sleep disturbances - constipation - gas - and vomiting.
Prevents absorption of fat from the GI tract.
MAGNESIUM SULFATE
It is an isotretinoin used for an acne patient. Teach will have red peeling face for 2 weeks after treatment. SE include depression - psychosis - and decreased wrinkles.


5. hat is important to know about a clonidine patch?

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6. What is an example of a potassium removing resin?
Kayexelate
It is an antiviral used to treat herpes. It is toxic to the kidneys
Avoid tyramine containing foods such as Avocado - sausage - fava beans - cheeses - wine - chocolate - coffee - cola - bananas - salami - sour cream - and fruit (overripe). CAN'T HAVE TYRAMINE FOR 2 WEEKS AFTER The MEDICATION Is STOPPED BC STILL In S
Advil - Aspirin - Feldene - Motrin - Naprosyn (Naproxen) - steroids - NSAIDs and Tagamet.


7. What is impt to know about reglan? (action - when to take)
Allopurinol and COLCHICINE
It is an antiemetic that slows emptying of the stomach and should be taken before meals.
29.573 mls
Just bc the patch is removed doesn't stop the drugs release into the bloodstream.


8. What is an example of an antipsychotic/neuroleptic?
It is an anticonvulsant that is used for seizure - neuropathy - and migraine headaches. Teach to increase fluids to avoid kidney stones - no driving until effects known - and decreases effect of birth control meds.
Clozapine
Questran
2 #3 tylenols because it contains the same amount of codeine.


9. What teaching should be done regarding Chantix?

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10. What is an example of a parathyroid agent?
Calcitonin - Salmon
2.2046 pounds
Penicillin - Amoxicillin - Ampicillin - and Augmentin.
It is an antibiotic in which you should avoid milk products and DO Not give to pregnant women.


11. What are 3 examples of Ca channel blockers (antihypertensives)?
Nifedinpine (procardia) - Verapamil - and Toprol (metoprolol/lopressor).
They are antilipidemics used to help manage/decrease cholesterol levels. For All DO Not take when pregnant or nursing. Check liver studies. Can take with or without food.
Zyban (wellbutrin) to help combat depressed mood associated with quitting smoking.
It is an erythromycin antibiotic that is used to decrease HELICOBACTER PYLORI and for gastric ulcer treatment.


12. What medication may be prescribed in conjunction with Chantix and why?
Zyban (wellbutrin) to help combat depressed mood associated with quitting smoking.
29.573 mls
Prostigmin
10 am (midmorning)


13. What is a normal adult dose of meperidine?
It is an antibiotic (aminoglycoside) in which SE include ototoxicity - nephrotoxicity - and vertigo. Check I&O & serum creatinine. DO Not give to patients with chronic renal failure.
(analgesic) 50-100 mg-8H
Consume foods high in potassium: chocolate - broccoli - potatoes - fruits and veggies - and nuts.
Glucagon


14. What is impt to know about amphojel? (base - SE - prevents?)
It is a sulfa antibiotic and you should avoid Vit. C and sun with use. Fluids should be increased during use.
It is an antacid. ALUMINUM based side effects include constipation and binds phosphate. MAGNESIUM based side effects include diarrhea (give 30 mins after meals). Prevents absorption of other medications.
It is an NSAID. The MAX DOSE is 2400 mg/24 hours.
Potassium chloride and potassium


15. What is important to know about a nicotine patch?

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16. What is impt to know about cardizem/calan? (use - action - SE)
2 pints
Do not give if patient has liver disease and it's not useful for anti - inflammatory. There are 4 kinds each with the same amount of tylenol and different amounts of codeine. (1=325 T and 8mg C - 2= 325 T and 15 mg C - 3= 325 T and 30 mg C - and 4= 3
It is a beta blocker (antihypertensive) used to treat angina and decrease BP. It increases oxygenation to the myocardium. SE includes hypotension.
Vitamin K counteracts its effect. PT level should be 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 times normal value =expected (< 1 1/2 = increased clotting - > 2 1/2= hemorrhage). DO Not consume large amounts of salad ginkgo or garlic while on.


17. What is an example of an antiprotozoal?
They are antiplatelet drugs. DO Not give with GARLIC or coumadin and never take the two together or with ASA.
It is an herb used to increase memory for alzheimers and as an anticoagulant.
It is an erectile/impotence agent not to be taken with nitrates as BP can decrease quickly. SE include HA - flushed feeling upset stomach - trouble telling blue and green apart and seeing blue tinge to things - eyes more sensitive to light - blurred
Nebupent


18. What are 2 examples of a antiretroviral?
Zofran and Reglan
2 #3 tylenols because it contains the same amount of codeine.
AZT/Retrovir and Norvir
If a slight tingling occurs stop chewing the gum until the sensation subsides - should not eat or drink 15 mins before or during - and chew one piece for about 30 mins.


19. If NPH is given in the AM when might you see S&S of hypoglycemia?
It is an opiate analgesic. SE include constipation. Monitor bowel movements. And it is the only med for head injuries. Pt should be on a high fiber diet.
(analgesic) 600 mg QID (with RAH)
Mannitol
4:00 pm (mid afternoon)


20. How long does it take the dyes/contrast from tests to clear the body?
Hypertension - PID - Oral or pharyngeal inflammation - gastritis - stomatitis - hyperthyroidism - insulin dependent diabetes - and pheochromocytoma.
It is an antigluacoma/diuretic med that is used to decrease the aqueaous humor caused by glaucoma.
One day
Loose stools - vaginitis - or thrush


21. What is a normal adult dose of Furosemide?
(cardiac med) 40-80 mg QD
Persantine and Plavix
It is an emetic used to induce vomiting. The patient must be awake and it should not be given with milk or carbonated beverages.
Propylthiouracil/PTU


22. How often are fentanyl patches for pain applied?
Aqua Mephyton/Vitamin K - Niacin - Vitamin B6 - and Vitamin C
It is a thyroid hormone that is used lifelong after a thyroidectomy or for hypothyroidism. Teach patients to report signs of overdose (incr. HR) and avoid stimulant (coffee - tea - etc.).
Q3 days
They are antibiotics. Don't give with cephalosporins (ancef - keflex - and ceclor) and watch for thrush.


23. What is an appropriate injection volume for a subcutaneous injection?
0.5-1 ml
It is an antiparkinson agent used to decrease tremors and improve gait. SE include nystagmus and hypotension. Use ted hose and avoid vitamin B6.
Dilantin - Neurontin - Tegretol - and Topamax
It is an opiate analgesic. The normal dose is 25-100 mg-4 hrs.


24. What are 5 examples of herbs?

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25. What is important to know about levodopa? (use - SE - avoid)
INH - Vitamin B6 - and Rifampin
Prostigmin
It is an antiparkinson agent used to decrease tremors and improve gait. SE include nystagmus and hypotension. Use ted hose and avoid vitamin B6.
It is a tricyclic antidepressant that needs at least 2 weeks for meds to take effect. SE include hypotension - dry mouth leading to constipation. Diet high in fiber and take meds in PM.


26. How do you know that mannitol is working effectively?
It is a vitamin given with iron foods to help absorption.
Symmetrel
Increased urine output - decr. ICP - decreased eye pain (glaucoma) - and stable vitals.
They are antilipidemics used to help manage/decrease cholesterol levels. For All DO Not take when pregnant or nursing. Check liver studies. Can take with or without food.


27. What is EMLA cream used for?
It is a tricyclic antidepressant that needs at least 2 weeks for meds to take effect. SE include hypotension - dry mouth leading to constipation. Diet high in fiber and take meds in PM.
It reduces pain or various procedures including venipuncture - heel lances - and circumcision. It anesthetizes nerve endings for up to four hours and should be applied an hour prior to the procedure (although studies show it still reduces pain even 5
It is an antiprotozoal used to treat protozoa infections like PCP. Pentamidine (nebupent) treats PCP (pneumocystis carnii pneumonia) IV - IM & Inhaled. Check for low BP - kidney function - and temp.
It is a bronchodilator/spasmolytic. The NORMAL LEVEL Is 10-20 mcg/ml. Avoid coffee - tea - chocolate - and cola. Give with care to patient with heart disease. Toxicity in adult= tachycardia. In Child= nervousness.


28. What is the only diuretic that will pull fluid from the brain or the eyes?
Mannitol
It is an antipsychotic used to treat psychotic symptoms. Monitor blood sugar - temp - and liver enzymes. Not safe for kids. SE is NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME. Avoid over heating.
Anafranil and elavil
It is an ovulation stimulant used to increase fertility.


29. What is important to know about Chantix and Zyban? (use - teach - SE)
Blood sugar
It should be covered by an occlusive dressing to keep it in place and assist absorption.
They are used to stop smoking. Know Teaching. SE include N&V - sleep disturbances - constipation - gas - depressed mood - or suicidal thoughts.
It is an anticonvulsant that is used to PREVENT SEIZURES And DECREASE NERVE PAIN. Check CBC. It suppresses bone marrow (RBC - WBC - & platelets) So at risk for infection - anemia - and bleeding. Need to PREVENT INFECTION.


30. What is important to know about lactalose? (use)
Nebupent
BIAXIN - zithromax (aka z - max - z - pack - or zycam).
Neupogen
It is a laxative/ammonia detoxicant used to decrease ammonia leading to increased LOC (expected outcome). If ammonia level is increasing give PRN dose of lactalose. Used as a laxative for cirrhosis also.


31. Who should not take tetracycline?
The NORMAL LEVEL Is 0.5-2.0.If level is too low=SOB - dec. output - incr. edema. If level is too high= toxicity= N&V - yellow green vision - bradycardia - and anorexia. That amount of free med is What causes toxicity. D/T low serum protein NEVER give
Pregnant women bc it can cause dental problems and black/brown teeth discoloration for the baby.
Singulair
It is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor used for alzheimer's. It should be taken at bedtime.


32. What is an example of a med used to increase sugar?
It is a potassium sparing diuretic. Do Not give with renal failure and check output.
NO!!!
The patient needs to consume 8-10 glasses of water a day.
Glucagon


33. What is important to know about Atropine? (use - contraindications)
Singulair
It is a drug used to dry secretions prior to surgery. Do Not give to patients with glaucoma.
Pryidium
BRADYCARDIA (CHECK PULSE BEFORE And AFTER ADMINISTRATION) - lethargy - GI disturbance - CHF - decr. BP - and depression.


34. What is important to know about lidocaine? (use)
Flomax
Ipecac syrup
Pregnant women bc it can cause dental problems and black/brown teeth discoloration for the baby.
It is an antidysrhythmic that is the drug of choice for dysrhythmias.


35. What is important to know about neupogen? (use)
It is a biologic modifier that improves a persons immune system so that they may have less infections.
Diamox
Upper arms - abdomen - upper thighs - top of buttocks - back by shoulder blades.
It is an opiate analgesic. Check BP and respirations. Dose= 2-10 mg. Do Not give with kidney stones - gallstones - increased ICP - myasthenia gravis - or pancreatitis.


36. What is important to know about singulair? (use)
It is an antidysrhythmic that is the drug of choice for dysrhythmias.
It is a bronchodilator used to prevent asthma attacks and prophylaxis.
2 #3 tylenols because it contains the same amount of codeine.
It is a thrombolytic enzyme used for MI - CVA - & PE. It must be started within 6 hours and PT and PTT levels should be checked.


37. What locations should be avoided when placing transdermal patches?

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38. What is important to know about kayexelate? (time to work)
They are beta blockers (antihypertensives) used to decreased BP and treat angina. DO Not give to DM bc it will mask low blood sugar and DO Not give to asthma patients bc it will cause bronchospasms.
It is a potassium removing resin that takes 6-8 hours to work.
It is a diuretic that is used for an increased ICP or glaucoma patient. Patient LOC will improve and vital signs will return to normal if effective.
AMINOPHYLLINE (TheOPHYLLINE)


39. Can digoxin and epinephrine given together?
Fluorocytosine/5 FU
DIGOXIN
29.573 mls
No because they have opposing actions and would cancel each other out.


40. What are 2 examples of antidysrhythmic medications?
Mannitol
They are bisphosphonates. They are used for osteoporosis. The teaching is to sit upright for 30 mins after taking to prevent irritation. SE include trouble swallowing - chest pain - and severe or worsening heart burn.
It is a diuretic used to decrease circulating volume. CHECK K+ And MONITOR EKG. IT LastS SIX HOURS. SCHEDULE ACTIVITIES FOR 6 HOURS AFTER The MED WAS Taken. Will have low specific gravity. Do Not give with Bumex and Do Not use with ICP or glaucoma.
Lidocaine and Quinidine


41. What is important to know about Niacin? (how to take)
(analgesic) 2-10 mgH PRN
2.0 ng/ml and up (therapeutic range is .5-1.9 ng)
It is an opiate analgesic. Check BP and respirations. Dose= 2-10 mg. Do Not give with kidney stones - gallstones - increased ICP - myasthenia gravis - or pancreatitis.
It is a vitamin and can be taken after food to reduce flushing.


42. What is Echinacea and its uses? Who Shouldn't use it?
It should be covered by an occlusive dressing to keep it in place and assist absorption.
It is an herb that stimulates the immune system used for infections and wound healing. Patients with HIV - MS - or autoimmune diseases SHOULD Not USE!
Imdur (Isosorbide)
They are opiate analgesics. Percoce(T) is tylenol based and Percoda(N) is aspirin based. Stomach problems (gastric ulcer)= Percocet over Percodan bc less hard on the stomach than ASA. Dilantin hard on liver/tylenol is hard on liver so give percodan i


43. What is important to know about Paxil? (Use - teach)
Azulfidine
It is an SSRI antidepressant used for anxiety. Teach that no driving until used to med effects.
Actonel and Boniva
It is an erythromycin antibiotic that is used to decrease HELICOBACTER PYLORI and for gastric ulcer treatment.


44. If someone wants to know how to measure out 1oz of medication at home What can they use?
Allopurinol and COLCHICINE
1 shot glass=1 oz
Ancef - keflex - and ceclor
4:00 pm (mid afternoon)


45. With whom should nicotine be used cautiously in?
Hypertension - PID - Oral or pharyngeal inflammation - gastritis - stomatitis - hyperthyroidism - insulin dependent diabetes - and pheochromocytoma.
IT Is A SMOOTH MUSCLE RELAXER USED for asthma patients And TO STOP PREMATURE LABOR. (if it doesn't stop premature labor then the patient must come into the ER).
It is an anticonvulsant that is used to prevent seizures and decrease pain of neuropathy.
BRADYCARDIA (CHECK PULSE BEFORE And AFTER ADMINISTRATION) - lethargy - GI disturbance - CHF - decr. BP - and depression.


46. Can an LPN administer all medications?
No. They can administer all but IV meds. It is understood that the RN will cover those IV meds for the LPNs patients.
It is an antipsychotic that is used to treat schizophrenia and psychotic symptoms. It lasts many weeks after being d/ced.
Remove before bedtime - mild headaches are common - and don't use the patch to treat an anginal attack (they are used to prevent not treat).
0.5-1 ml


47. In What type of patient should high potassium foods be avoided?

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48. hat is an example of a biologic modifier?
Codeine - Demerol - Percodan/Percocet - and Morphine.
They are beta blockers (antihypertensives) used to decreased BP and treat angina. DO Not give to DM bc it will mask low blood sugar and DO Not give to asthma patients bc it will cause bronchospasms.
Acutane
Neupogen


49. What is important to know about persantine and plavix? (contraindications)
Antabuse
NO!!!
(cardiac med) .125- .250 mg QD
They are antiplatelet drugs. DO Not give with GARLIC or coumadin and never take the two together or with ASA.


50. What are 2 types of SSRI antidepressants?
Zofran and Reglan
Chantix and Zyban
Paxil and Prozac/fluoxetine
It is an herb used for PTSD - sleeping disorders - anxiety - restlessness - URI - and acne. Should not be used in glaucoma pts and shouldn't be taken with sleeping pills and antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. Takes 2 weeks to kick in and take at ni