SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Nursing 101 Fundamentals 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Intuitive Problem Solving
Concept mapping.
Direct understanding of a situation based on a background of experience - knowledge and skill that makes expert decision making possible.
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.
2. What is the instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphically display and link key concepts?
Carry out the plan of care.
Concept mapping.
Specific - measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the patient goal has been met.
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
3. Plan
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
Universally applicable - outcome oriented - interpersonal - systematic - and dynamic.
This helps to discipline thinking by keeping all thoughts directed to the goal.
4. How is the nursing process universally applicable?
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
Direct understanding of a situation based on a background of experience - knowledge and skill that makes expert decision making possible.
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.
5. What are obstacles to Critical Thinking?
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
6. What interpersonal skill is displayed by a nurse who is attentive and responsive to the healthcare needs of individual patients and ensures the continuity of care when leaving the patient?
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Developing Accountability.
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
7. Implement
Carry out the plan of care.
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.
To systematically and continuously collect - validate - and communicate patient data.
8. Systematic
Dynamic.
An ordered sequence of activities. Each activity depends on the accuracy of the previous activity - and influences the actions that follow it.
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.
To systematically and continuously collect - validate - and communicate patient data.
9. What are the benefits of Nursing Process?
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
Continuity - collaboration - and enhanced patient outcomes.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
10. What are the goals of the nursing process?
11. How is critique of judgments/decisions relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
Ultimately you must identify alternative judgments or decisions - weigh their merits - and reach a conclusion.
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
12. What is the third step in developing a method of critical thinking?
Instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphicallly display and link key concepts.
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
13. How are helpful resources relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
14. Nursing Process
An ordered sequence of activities. Each activity depends on the accuracy of the previous activity - and influences the actions that follow it.
Five - step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing - diagnosing - planning - implementing and evaluating. A systematic - client - centered - goal oriented method of delivering care.
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
15. What are the characteristics of the Nursing Process?
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.
Universally applicable - outcome oriented - interpersonal - systematic - and dynamic.
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
16. How is the nursing process goal oriented?
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
17. What are four areas a nurse should consider when seeking to develop a sense of legal and ethical accountability to a patient?
Direct understanding of a situation based on a background of experience - knowledge and skill that makes expert decision making possible.
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
18. What is the first step in developing a method of critical thinking?
Instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphicallly display and link key concepts.
Dynamic.
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
19. Standards for Critical Thinking
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.
Implementation.
20. What is the purpose of the Nursing Process?
Organize data - formal statement of strategies - efficient - aides in delivery of care that is holistic - goal oriented and individualized.
Whistle - blower.
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
21. Critical Thinking
Whistle - blower.
Universally applicable - outcome oriented - interpersonal - systematic - and dynamic.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
22. What are four good habits nurses should develop to help them master the manual competencies essential to quality nursing process?
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
Dynamic.
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
Ultimately you must identify alternative judgments or decisions - weigh their merits - and reach a conclusion.
23. How is the nursing process interpersonal?
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Purposeful - goal - directed effort applied in a systematic way to make a choice among alternatives.
The human being is always at the heart of nursing. The nursing process ensures that nurses are patient centered rather than task centered.
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
24. Concept Mapping
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.
Instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphicallly display and link key concepts.
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
25. Decision Making
Purposeful - goal - directed effort applied in a systematic way to make a choice among alternatives.
Standards of Practice.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
26. What is the purpose of Planning in the Nursing Process?
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Universally applicable - outcome oriented - interpersonal - systematic - and dynamic.
Develop an individualized plan of nursing care. Identify patient strenghts that can be tapped to facilitate achievement of desired outcomes.
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
27. The steps of the nursing process were legitimized in 1973 when the ANA Congress for Nursing Practice Developed What to guide nursing performance?
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Intellectual - technical - interpersonal - and ethical/legal skills as well as the willingness to use these skills creatively when working with patients.
Standards of Practice.
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
28. The Nursing Process provides a framework that enables the nurse and patient to accomplish
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
The human being is always at the heart of nursing. The nursing process ensures that nurses are patient centered rather than task centered.
American Nurses Association Congress for Nursing Practice.
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
29. Assess
Standards of Practice.
To systematically and continuously collect - validate - and communicate patient data.
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
30. What is the purpose of Implementing in the Nursing Process?
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
Intellectual - technical - interpersonal - and ethical/legal skills as well as the willingness to use these skills creatively when working with patients.
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
31. What is the second step in developing a method of critical thinking?
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
32. Expected Outcomes
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.
Specific - measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the patient goal has been met.
33. What are Activities with Assessing in the Nursing Process?
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
34. What characteristic of the nursing process is defined as a great deal of overlapping interaction among the five steps - with each step being fluid and flowing into the next step?
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Dynamic.
35. Nursing Diagnoses
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
36. How is the nursing process systematic?
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
37. Critical Thinking Indicators
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
38. Dynamic
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
Dynamic.
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
39. Which group legitimized the steps of the nursing process in 1973 by developing standards of practice to guide nursing practice?
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
American Nurses Association Congress for Nursing Practice.
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.
40. The three important ideas that must be linked together during clinical planning are
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Five - step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing - diagnosing - planning - implementing and evaluating. A systematic - client - centered - goal oriented method of delivering care.
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
41. What are Activities with Diagnosing in the Nursing Process?
Implementation.
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.
This helps to discipline thinking by keeping all thoughts directed to the goal.
Purposeful - goal - directed effort applied in a systematic way to make a choice among alternatives.
42. What is the purpose of Diagnosing in the Nursing Process?
To help the nurse manage each patient's care scientifically - holistically - and creatively to promote wellness - prevent disease or illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered function.
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.
43. What are Activities with Evaluating in the Nursing Process?
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).
The human being is always at the heart of nursing. The nursing process ensures that nurses are patient centered rather than task centered.
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.
Organize data - formal statement of strategies - efficient - aides in delivery of care that is holistic - goal oriented and individualized.
44. What traits help nurses develop the attitudes and dispositions to think critically?
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
Standards of Practice.
45. A nurse who reports his/her employer's violation of law to law enforcement agencies outside the employers facilities is termed a
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Whistle - blower.
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.
46. What is the purpose of Assessing in the Nursing Process?
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Specific - measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the patient goal has been met.
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
47. What are the skills necessary to use the nursing process?
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.
Intellectual - technical - interpersonal - and ethical/legal skills as well as the willingness to use these skills creatively when working with patients.
48. How is the purpose of thinking relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
This helps to discipline thinking by keeping all thoughts directed to the goal.
49. When a nurse assists a patient to achieve desired goals such as promoting wellness - preventing disease and illness - restoring health - or facilitating coping with altered functioning - he/she is using Which part of the nursing process?
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).
Standards of Practice.
Implementation.
50. How is the nursing process dynamic?
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).