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Nursing 101 Fundamentals 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the purpose of Diagnosing in the Nursing Process?
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Concept mapping.
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.

2. How are helpful resources relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.
Specific - measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the patient goal has been met.

3. What is the second step in developing a method of critical thinking?
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
Implementation.
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat

4. Dynamic
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.

5. Evaluate
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphicallly display and link key concepts.
Measurement of the extent to which the patient has achieved the goals specified in the plan of care; factors that positively or negatively influence goal achievement are identified - and the plan of care is terminated or revised.
Dynamic.

6. How is the nursing process interpersonal?
Developing Accountability.
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
The human being is always at the heart of nursing. The nursing process ensures that nurses are patient centered rather than task centered.

7. What are obstacles to Critical Thinking?
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.

8. Standards for Critical Thinking
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Concept mapping.
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.

9. How is critique of judgments/decisions relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
Ultimately you must identify alternative judgments or decisions - weigh their merits - and reach a conclusion.
The human being is always at the heart of nursing. The nursing process ensures that nurses are patient centered rather than task centered.
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.
American Nurses Association Congress for Nursing Practice.

10. Nursing Diagnoses
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.

11. What characteristic of the nursing process is defined as a great deal of overlapping interaction among the five steps - with each step being fluid and flowing into the next step?
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.
Dynamic.
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.

12. Systematic
Implementation.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio
Specific - measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the patient goal has been met.
An ordered sequence of activities. Each activity depends on the accuracy of the previous activity - and influences the actions that follow it.

13. What are the benefits of Nursing Process?
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
Continuity - collaboration - and enhanced patient outcomes.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio
Developing Accountability.

14. Assess
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
To systematically and continuously collect - validate - and communicate patient data.

15. When a nurse assists a patient to achieve desired goals such as promoting wellness - preventing disease and illness - restoring health - or facilitating coping with altered functioning - he/she is using Which part of the nursing process?
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Carry out the plan of care.
Implementation.
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.

16. The three important ideas that must be linked together during clinical planning are
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.

17. How is the nursing process universally applicable?
Five - step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing - diagnosing - planning - implementing and evaluating. A systematic - client - centered - goal oriented method of delivering care.
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
To systematically and continuously collect - validate - and communicate patient data.

18. Concept Mapping
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphicallly display and link key concepts.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.

19. Nursing Process
Five - step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing - diagnosing - planning - implementing and evaluating. A systematic - client - centered - goal oriented method of delivering care.
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.

20. What is the first step in developing a method of critical thinking?
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
Ultimately you must identify alternative judgments or decisions - weigh their merits - and reach a conclusion.
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).

21. What are Activities with Evaluating in the Nursing Process?
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
Direct understanding of a situation based on a background of experience - knowledge and skill that makes expert decision making possible.

22. Critical Thinking Indicators
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Measurement of the extent to which the patient has achieved the goals specified in the plan of care; factors that positively or negatively influence goal achievement are identified - and the plan of care is terminated or revised.
This helps to discipline thinking by keeping all thoughts directed to the goal.

23. What is the purpose of Implementing in the Nursing Process?
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
Continuity - collaboration - and enhanced patient outcomes.
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.

24. What are Activities with Diagnosing in the Nursing Process?
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.
The human being is always at the heart of nursing. The nursing process ensures that nurses are patient centered rather than task centered.
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.

25. What are four areas a nurse should consider when seeking to develop a sense of legal and ethical accountability to a patient?
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Ultimately you must identify alternative judgments or decisions - weigh their merits - and reach a conclusion.
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the

26. How is the nursing process systematic?
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.

27. What is the instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphically display and link key concepts?
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
Concept mapping.
Developing Accountability.
Dynamic.

28. The Nursing Process provides a framework that enables the nurse and patient to accomplish
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.

29. What is the purpose of the Nursing Process?
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Organize data - formal statement of strategies - efficient - aides in delivery of care that is holistic - goal oriented and individualized.
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.

30. How is the purpose of thinking relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.
This helps to discipline thinking by keeping all thoughts directed to the goal.
Five - step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing - diagnosing - planning - implementing and evaluating. A systematic - client - centered - goal oriented method of delivering care.

31. What is the third step in developing a method of critical thinking?
Direct understanding of a situation based on a background of experience - knowledge and skill that makes expert decision making possible.
Instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphicallly display and link key concepts.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.

32. What are the goals of the nursing process?

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33. Implement
Standards of Practice.
Carry out the plan of care.
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th

34. A nurse who reports his/her employer's violation of law to law enforcement agencies outside the employers facilities is termed a
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Developing Accountability.
Whistle - blower.

35. How is the nursing process goal oriented?
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.
Ultimately you must identify alternative judgments or decisions - weigh their merits - and reach a conclusion.
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ

36. What are Activities with Planning in the Nursing Process?
Organize data - formal statement of strategies - efficient - aides in delivery of care that is holistic - goal oriented and individualized.
Whistle - blower.
Purposeful - goal - directed effort applied in a systematic way to make a choice among alternatives.
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.

37. Intuitive Problem Solving
Developing Accountability.
Standards of Practice.
Direct understanding of a situation based on a background of experience - knowledge and skill that makes expert decision making possible.
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).

38. What are four good habits nurses should develop to help them master the manual competencies essential to quality nursing process?
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
This helps to discipline thinking by keeping all thoughts directed to the goal.
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t

39. Critical Thinking
Carry out the plan of care.
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.

40. Scientific Problem Solving
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio
Measurement of the extent to which the patient has achieved the goals specified in the plan of care; factors that positively or negatively influence goal achievement are identified - and the plan of care is terminated or revised.
Specific - measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the patient goal has been met.
To help the nurse manage each patient's care scientifically - holistically - and creatively to promote wellness - prevent disease or illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered function.

41. How is the nursing process dynamic?
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.

42. Plan
The human being is always at the heart of nursing. The nursing process ensures that nurses are patient centered rather than task centered.
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.

43. How is the adequacy of knowledge relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.

44. What are the characteristics of the Nursing Process?
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.
Universally applicable - outcome oriented - interpersonal - systematic - and dynamic.

45. What interpersonal skill is displayed by a nurse who is attentive and responsive to the healthcare needs of individual patients and ensures the continuity of care when leaving the patient?
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Developing Accountability.
To help the nurse manage each patient's care scientifically - holistically - and creatively to promote wellness - prevent disease or illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered function.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio

46. Which group legitimized the steps of the nursing process in 1973 by developing standards of practice to guide nursing practice?
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.
American Nurses Association Congress for Nursing Practice.
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ

47. What is the purpose of Planning in the Nursing Process?
Develop an individualized plan of nursing care. Identify patient strenghts that can be tapped to facilitate achievement of desired outcomes.
Specific - measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the patient goal has been met.
Developing Accountability.
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.

48. What are the skills necessary to use the nursing process?
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Intellectual - technical - interpersonal - and ethical/legal skills as well as the willingness to use these skills creatively when working with patients.

49. Trial - and - Error Problem Solving
Intellectual - technical - interpersonal - and ethical/legal skills as well as the willingness to use these skills creatively when working with patients.
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.

50. What do Advocates or Intuition recommend?
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori