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Nursing 101 Fundamentals 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Decision Making
Develop an individualized plan of nursing care. Identify patient strenghts that can be tapped to facilitate achievement of desired outcomes.
Purposeful - goal - directed effort applied in a systematic way to make a choice among alternatives.
Organize data - formal statement of strategies - efficient - aides in delivery of care that is holistic - goal oriented and individualized.
Direct understanding of a situation based on a background of experience - knowledge and skill that makes expert decision making possible.

2. How is the nursing process systematic?
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
Concept mapping.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.

3. What is the first step in developing a method of critical thinking?
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.
Five - step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing - diagnosing - planning - implementing and evaluating. A systematic - client - centered - goal oriented method of delivering care.
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p

4. A nurse who reports his/her employer's violation of law to law enforcement agencies outside the employers facilities is termed a
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Measurement of the extent to which the patient has achieved the goals specified in the plan of care; factors that positively or negatively influence goal achievement are identified - and the plan of care is terminated or revised.
Whistle - blower.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.

5. Critical Thinking Indicators
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.
Implementation.

6. What interpersonal skill is displayed by a nurse who is attentive and responsive to the healthcare needs of individual patients and ensures the continuity of care when leaving the patient?
Concept mapping.
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
Purposeful - goal - directed effort applied in a systematic way to make a choice among alternatives.
Developing Accountability.

7. What is the purpose of the Nursing Process?
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Organize data - formal statement of strategies - efficient - aides in delivery of care that is holistic - goal oriented and individualized.

8. How is the adequacy of knowledge relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Intellectual - technical - interpersonal - and ethical/legal skills as well as the willingness to use these skills creatively when working with patients.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.

9. How is the nursing process dynamic?
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.

10. What characteristic of the nursing process is defined as a great deal of overlapping interaction among the five steps - with each step being fluid and flowing into the next step?
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
Dynamic.
Implementation.

11. The steps of the nursing process were legitimized in 1973 when the ANA Congress for Nursing Practice Developed What to guide nursing performance?
The human being is always at the heart of nursing. The nursing process ensures that nurses are patient centered rather than task centered.
Standards of Practice.
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Develop an individualized plan of nursing care. Identify patient strenghts that can be tapped to facilitate achievement of desired outcomes.

12. When a nurse assists a patient to achieve desired goals such as promoting wellness - preventing disease and illness - restoring health - or facilitating coping with altered functioning - he/she is using Which part of the nursing process?
Implementation.
An ordered sequence of activities. Each activity depends on the accuracy of the previous activity - and influences the actions that follow it.
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.
Measurement of the extent to which the patient has achieved the goals specified in the plan of care; factors that positively or negatively influence goal achievement are identified - and the plan of care is terminated or revised.

13. What do Advocates or Intuition recommend?
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.

14. What are Activities with Evaluating in the Nursing Process?
This helps to discipline thinking by keeping all thoughts directed to the goal.
Each nursing task is a part of an ordered sequence of activities - and each activity depends on the accuracy of the activity that precedes it and influences the actions that follow it.
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.

15. Expected Outcomes
Specific - measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the patient goal has been met.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Intellectual - technical - interpersonal - and ethical/legal skills as well as the willingness to use these skills creatively when working with patients.
To help the nurse manage each patient's care scientifically - holistically - and creatively to promote wellness - prevent disease or illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered function.

16. How is the nursing process universally applicable?
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t

17. What is the third step in developing a method of critical thinking?
American Nurses Association Congress for Nursing Practice.
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
To systematically and continuously collect - validate - and communicate patient data.

18. What is the purpose of Assessing in the Nursing Process?
Ultimately you must identify alternative judgments or decisions - weigh their merits - and reach a conclusion.
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Universally applicable - outcome oriented - interpersonal - systematic - and dynamic.

19. The Nursing Process provides a framework that enables the nurse and patient to accomplish
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.

20. Critical Thinking
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.
Intellectual - technical - interpersonal - and ethical/legal skills as well as the willingness to use these skills creatively when working with patients.

21. What is the purpose of Planning in the Nursing Process?
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio
Develop an individualized plan of nursing care. Identify patient strenghts that can be tapped to facilitate achievement of desired outcomes.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.

22. Standards for Critical Thinking
Whistle - blower.
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Implementation.
Carry out the plan of care.

23. Systematic
An ordered sequence of activities. Each activity depends on the accuracy of the previous activity - and influences the actions that follow it.
Whistle - blower.
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.

24. How is critique of judgments/decisions relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.
Ultimately you must identify alternative judgments or decisions - weigh their merits - and reach a conclusion.

25. Nursing Process
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Ultimately you must identify alternative judgments or decisions - weigh their merits - and reach a conclusion.
Five - step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing - diagnosing - planning - implementing and evaluating. A systematic - client - centered - goal oriented method of delivering care.
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.

26. Dynamic
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th

27. What is the instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphically display and link key concepts?
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.
Concept mapping.
Develop an individualized plan of nursing care. Identify patient strenghts that can be tapped to facilitate achievement of desired outcomes.

28. Trial - and - Error Problem Solving
Dynamic.
Universally applicable - outcome oriented - interpersonal - systematic - and dynamic.
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).

29. Which group legitimized the steps of the nursing process in 1973 by developing standards of practice to guide nursing practice?
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
American Nurses Association Congress for Nursing Practice.
Once nurses have a working knowledge of the nursing process - they can apply it to well or ill patients - young or old patients - in any type of practice setting.
Implementation.

30. What are Activities with Planning in the Nursing Process?
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.

31. What is the purpose of Implementing in the Nursing Process?
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
No one step in the nursing process is a one - time phenomenon; each step flows into the next step. All five stages can occur almost simultaneously.
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.
Whistle - blower.

32. How is the nursing process interpersonal?
Developing Accountability.
The human being is always at the heart of nursing. The nursing process ensures that nurses are patient centered rather than task centered.
Five - step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing - diagnosing - planning - implementing and evaluating. A systematic - client - centered - goal oriented method of delivering care.
Concept mapping.

33. The three important ideas that must be linked together during clinical planning are
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.
This helps to discipline thinking by keeping all thoughts directed to the goal.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio

34. How is the nursing process goal oriented?
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
American Nurses Association Congress for Nursing Practice.
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.

35. What is the purpose of Diagnosing in the Nursing Process?
Continuity - collaboration - and enhanced patient outcomes.
To help the nurse manage each patient's care scientifically - holistically - and creatively to promote wellness - prevent disease or illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered function.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.

36. What are four good habits nurses should develop to help them master the manual competencies essential to quality nursing process?
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
Standards of Practice.

37. Plan
Established patient goals to prevent - reduce - or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.
Concept mapping.
Implementation.
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.

38. What is the second step in developing a method of critical thinking?
CTIs - evidence - based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate the knowledge - characteristics - and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice.
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
Adequacy of Knowledge - Judgment if you have accurate - complete - factual - timely - and relevant information.

39. Assess
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Practice a necessary skill until you feel confident in its execution before performing it on a patient. Take time to familiarize yourself with new equipment before using it in a clinical procedure. Identify nurses who are technical experts and ask th
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t
To systematically and continuously collect - validate - and communicate patient data.

40. Concept Mapping
Wise professionals are quick to recognize their limits and seek help in remedying their deficiencies.
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Establish priorities. Write outcomes - and develop an evaluative strategy. Select nursing interventions. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphicallly display and link key concepts.

41. Intuitive Problem Solving
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio
Direct understanding of a situation based on a background of experience - knowledge and skill that makes expert decision making possible.
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the

42. What are Activities with Assessing in the Nursing Process?
Establish the Database: Nursing History - Physical Assessment - Review of patient record and nursing literature - consultation with patients support people and healthcare professionals. Continuously update the Database. Validate Data. Communicate Dat
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the
Purpose of thinking - Identify the purpose or goal of your thinking.
It is important to judge whether the knowledge available to you is accurate - complete - and relevant. If you reason with false information or lack important data - it is impossible to draw a sound conclusion.

43. What are four areas a nurse should consider when seeking to develop a sense of legal and ethical accountability to a patient?
Continuity - collaboration - and enhanced patient outcomes.
Organize data - formal statement of strategies - efficient - aides in delivery of care that is holistic - goal oriented and individualized.
Do I know my legal boundaries of my practice? Do I own my personal strengths and weaknesses and seek assistance as needed? Am I knowledgeable about - and respectful of patient rights? Does my documentation provide a legally defensible account of my p
Develop a prioritized list of the nursing diagnoses.

44. How is the purpose of thinking relevant to the successful use of critical thinking competencies?
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
This helps to discipline thinking by keeping all thoughts directed to the goal.
An ordered sequence of activities. Each activity depends on the accuracy of the previous activity - and influences the actions that follow it.
Systematically collect patient data (assessing) - clearly identify patient strengths and actual and potential problems (diagnosing) - develop a holistic plan of individualized care that specifies the desired patient goals and related outcomes and the

45. What are the characteristics of the Nursing Process?
Developing Accountability.
Measurement of the extent to which the patient has achieved the goals specified in the plan of care; factors that positively or negatively influence goal achievement are identified - and the plan of care is terminated or revised.
Universally applicable - outcome oriented - interpersonal - systematic - and dynamic.
The nursing process offers a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals related to wellness promotion - disease and illness prevention - health restoration - and coping with altered functioning that are most important t

46. What are the benefits of Nursing Process?
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
Clear - precise - specific - accurate - relevant - plausible - consistent - logical - deep - broad - complete - significant - adequate (for the purpose) - and fair.
Actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present - Possible problem may be present - but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occ
Continuity - collaboration - and enhanced patient outcomes.

47. What are Activities with Diagnosing in the Nursing Process?
Interpret and analyze patient data - Identify patient strengths and health problems. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses.
Universally applicable - outcome oriented - interpersonal - systematic - and dynamic.
Instructional strategy that requires learners to identify - graphicallly display and link key concepts.
Thought that is disciplined - comprehensive - based on intellectual standards - and - as a result - well reasoned; a systematic way to form and shape ones thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.

48. Evaluate
There is a great interaction and overlapping among the five steps; no one step in the process is a one - time phenomenon; each step is fluid and flows into the next step.
Make a judgment about the patients health status - ability to manage his or her own healthcare - and need for nursing. Plan individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to changes in the patients conditions.
Measurement of the extent to which the patient has achieved the goals specified in the plan of care; factors that positively or negatively influence goal achievement are identified - and the plan of care is terminated or revised.
Assist patient to achieve desired outcomes -- promote wellness - prevent disease and illness - restore health - and facilitate coping with altered functioning.

49. What traits help nurses develop the attitudes and dispositions to think critically?
Method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problems.
Thinking independently - being intellectually humble - and being curious and persevering.
Medical diagnosis - nursing diagnosis - and all pertinent clinical data.
Measure how well the patient has achieved desired outcomes. Identify factors that contribute to the patients success or failure. Modify the plan of care (if indicated).

50. Scientific Problem Solving
Making assumptions - personal biases - habits and routines - anxiety - pressure and deadlines - lack of confidence - pride.
Welcoming flashes of intuition as additions to logical reasoning - rather than as disruptions. Validating intuitions: When an intuition cannot be validated (when a nurse senses something is wrong with her patient although no signs) - careful monitori
Potential Problems - Identifying and flagging - remedy the pitfalls to sound reasoning.
Systematic problem - solving process that involves 1. Problem Identification. 2. Data collection. 3. Hypothesis formulation. 4. Plan of Action. 5. Hypothesis testing. 6. Interpretation of Results - and 7. Evaluation resulting in conclusion or revisio