Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. - Allow to verbalize feelings - fears - Do not leave alone - Include family
Characteristics of a colostomy
Total (reflex) Incontinence
Risk Factors for Altered Family Health
How a nurse provides psychological support to a dying patient


2. Primary commitment to the patient; Priority is good of individual patient rather than society in general;Evaluation of competing claims of patient's autonomy & patient well - being
Nurses role with 'informed consent'
Advocacy
Medical Asepsis - clean technique
Risk Factors for AlteresFmily health.


3. - Skin care - clean & dry - Oral & nasal care q 2 hr - Turn & reposition q 2 hr - Pain control - Maintain nutrition & hydration - Patent airway - Vision may diminish - control lighting in the room
TPN
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.
How a nurse can meet the physical needs of a dying patient
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs & Meeting Basic Human Needs and how it's used to treat patients.


4. Binds fat & cholesterol to decrease absorption into bloodstream from GI tract
solube fiber
Medical Asepsis - clean technique
Factors affecting grief and dying
Urge Incontinence


5. Oxygen; skin color - V/S - mental responsiveness; Intake & elimination of fluids;I & O - skin turgor - weight - mucous membranes; Food;weight - muscle mass - labs; Temperature;Physical activity;Rest & sleep

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6. For bowel diversions that bring portion of small or large intestine to abdominal surface for stool elimination - Permanent or temporary diversion - If permanent - may do abdominal - perineal resection to close off rectum & anal area (esp. if cancer i
Terminal weaning from ventilator
Patient teaching necessary for post - operative pain control - Management of acute surgical pain.
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Love and belonging
ostomy


7. Kills organisms but not spores & is bacteriocidal - Betadine - alcohol - chlorine - Depends On what organisms & How many are present - Type of item being disinfected - Time & strength of disinfecting agent is critical
Nursing considerations for peristomal care.
Factors Affecting Health Status - Beliefs - & Practices
Autonomy
What disinfectant does


8. Role modeling - discussion - panel discussion - audiovisual materials - role playing - printed materials
micturition - urination - or voiding
Medical Asepsis - clean technique
Affective teaching strategy
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern


9. Sense of hopefulness - participation in decisions - expression of feelings & emotions - Not die alone - religious or spiritual needs - honesty

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10. Provide specific instructions about kinds of healthcare that should be provide or forgone
Living Wills
Factors Affecting Health Status - Beliefs - & Practices
Post - operative complications Coughing
Components of a clear liquid diet


11. Keep promises
Cognitive learning
Fidelity
Beneficence
Urgency - Altered urine pattern


12. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop
Advance Directives
Factors that affect a patient's health state.
Perceived loss
Peristomal Skin Care Assessments


13. Understanding & Acceptance: Involve family / friends in patient care - Establish trusting relationship - Refer to support groups

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14. Appoints an agent that the person trusts to make decisions in the event of subsequent incapacity.
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self - Actualization
Causes of food poisoning
Postmortem Care
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare


15. Integration of mental & muscular activity (physical)
Total (reflex) Incontinence
Ethical dilemma
Psychomotor learning
Atherosclerosis effects on nutritional status of patient


16. Leakage when coughing - sneezing - or increased intra - abdominal pressure
Patient teaching necessary for post - operative pain control - Management of acute surgical pain.
Stress Incontinence
Psychomotor teaching strategy
Ileostomy -


17. Absence of basic human needs results in illness - Presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health - Meeting basic human needs restores health - One feels something missing when needs are unmet - One feels satisfaction when need

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18. Loss of voluntary control of urination
micturition - urination - or voiding
Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen)
Living Wills
Incontinence


19. Plantlike organisms - molds (Ex: Athlete's foot - Ringworm)
Fungi
Overflow Incontinence
chronic illness
Reasons a patient not have an appetite.


20. Concern for the welfare of others; patient advocacy; respect for other cultures - perspectives
Overflow Incontinence
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Safety and Security
Ways to help a patient manage pain
Altruism


21. Brings small intestine to surface - usually the ileum - stool is always liquid - may drain liquid stool without any control OR - can create inverted nipple & pouch 'continent ostomy' so stool is retained until catheter is inserted to drain OR - diver
Living Wills
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Ileostomy -
Community Factors Affecting Health


22. - Peel fruits & vegetables - Eat dry foods & foods that are piping hot & cooked thoroughly - avoid tap water - ice cubes - fruit juice - fresh salads - unpasteurized dairy products - cold sauces & toppings - open buffets - & undercooked or reheate

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23. Inability to get to toilet in time or inability to recognize need to urinate
Functional Incontinence
Incubation period
Stoma Care Cleansing
Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen)


24. Disposable one - piece bags may be used at first - will have karaya or stomahesive attached - After stoma is stable - two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag w
Peristomal Bag or Applicance changes
Autonomy
Ways to help a patient manage pain
Sanguineous wound drainage


25. Wash gently with gauze or clean cloth & water - Pat dry
Stoma Care Cleansing
What a nurse needs to do about the spiritual needs of a dying patient
Nurses role with 'informed consent'
Post - operative complications Coughing


26. Do - not - resuscitate - an order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest - Nurse is obligated to attempt CPR if there is no DNR order - Nurse should clarify the patient's code status: if th

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27. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.
Most effective way to prevent spread of organisms
Fungi
Definition of acute illness
Surgical classifications: Urgent


28. Reach full potential through development of capabilities - Continues throughout life: Acceptance of self & others as they are -
Factors affecting a vegan diet
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self - Actualization
Dying patient's Bill of Rights
Surgical asepsis


29. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation to
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Love and belonging
Nursing Consideratins for stoma care
Terminal weaning from ventilator
Risk Factors for Altered Family Health


30. Patient's voluntary agreement to undergo a procedure or treatment after receiving the following information in layman's terms: Description of procedures & potential alternatives - Underlying disease process & its course - Name & qualifications of per

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31. Composed of clear - serous portion of the blood & from serous membranes
Bacteria
Incontinence
During Peristomal Bag or Applaince change - opening in karaya
Serous wound drainage


32. Lab / Screenings - Chest x- ray - is there fluid or anything pressing on the heart? - ECG - heart health - circulatory - ischemia - CBC - WBC's - infection - RBC's - platelets - bleeding time - Chemistry profile - Urinalysis
What happens during the pre - op phase of surgery
Justice
cleasing enema
Community Factors Affecting Health


33. 1. Denial & Isolation 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance

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34. Most significant & most commonly observed infection - causing agents in healthcare institutions
Portal of Entry
Bacteria
Symptoms of UTI
Susceptible Host


35. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa
Cognitive learning
Combination Directive
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs & Meeting Basic Human Needs and how it's used to treat patients.
Reasons a patient not have an appetite.


36. Improves musculoskeletal system - Improves cardiovascular function - Improves circulation - tissues get oxygen & nutrients - Promotes relaxation

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37. Altered self - image
Nonmaleficence
Signs of patient nearing death
Psychological loss
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self - Actualization


38. Can be harmful if taken in large amounts - All nutrients work with others to promote good health - Adding large amounts of one vitamin can make the body believe it is deficient in another vitamin - Food is the best source of nutrients - Supplements s
How vitamins can affect a patients nutritional state
Incontinence
Post - operative complications Turning in bed
Dying patient's Bill of Rights


39. Specific signs & symptom
Patient Teaching necessary to prevent potential post - operative complications.
Factors affecting grief and dying
Sanguineous wound drainage
Full stage of illness


40. Collect from specimen port on drainage tubing - Cleanse with alcohol & use sterile syringe to pull out urine - Collect urine only from upper tubing - never from drainage bag - Urinalysis - collect 30 mL; Culture & Sensitivity (C&S) - collect 10 mL -
Perceived loss
Most effective way to prevent spread of organisms
Catheter Urine Specimen procedure
ostomy


41. Hand Hygiene - Wash - before & after touching patient; before & after wearing gloves - Alchohol - based handrubs - if hands are not visibly soiled - Soap & water - if hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids; wash for 15 sec
Fungi
Post - operative complications Turning in bed
Deception
Most effective way to prevent spread of organisms


42. Risk factors for illness - Factors in the human dimensions that influence health - illness status - Beliefs and practice - Basic human needs - Self - concept
Factors affecting a vegan diet
Factors Affecting Health Status - Beliefs - & Practices
Surgicale Classification - elective
Ways to help a patient manage pain


43. Combination of Power of Attorney for Healthcare & Living Will
Bacteria
Reasons a patient not have an appetite.
Where dietary intake of cholesterol can be found
Combination Directive


44. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge
Nonmaleficence
Psychomotor learning
Frequency - Altered urine pattern
Ways to prevent or treat constipation


45. Backrubs- Warm / cold compresses - Auditory / visual stimuli - TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) - Acupuncture - Placebos - Analgesics - Endorphins - natural analgesic activated by stress & pain - Medications - IV - PO - PCA - Epidu
Cognitive learning
Ways to help a patient manage pain
How to stimulate a patients appetite
Nurses role with 'informed consent'


46. Teach patient & family that pain meds will be ordered by physician & administered by nurse - Patient should ask for pain meds before pain becomes severe - A different med can be ordered if the med does not control pain or has unpleasant side effects
Affective teaching strategy
Stages of Kubler - Ross's psychosocial responses to grief & loss
Perceived loss
Patient teaching regarding post operative pain management.


47. Respect for inherent worth & uniqueness of the individual; patient privacy & confidentiality
Symptoms of UTI
Stoma Care Cleansing
Human dignity
Ways to help a patient manage pain


48. Liquids can have color but must be able to see through (Coffee is ok) - No milk products - Nutritionally inadequate over time - Used as preparation for surgery - diagnostic studies - post - operative advancement - Hydrates - rests GI tract - N
Nonmaleficence
Peristomal Skin Care Assessments
Factors that affect a patient's health state.
Components of a clear liquid diet


49. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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50. Interval between pathogen's invasion of the body & the appearance of symptoms; organisms are growing & multiplying
Reasons a patient not have an appetite.
Incubation period
Post - operative complications Coughing
Dying patient's Bill of Rights