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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop






2. Statement of ethical obligations & duties of every person who enters practice of nursing; Non - negotiable ethical standard; Expression of nursing's own understanding of commitment to society






3. Primary commitment to the patient; Priority is good of individual patient rather than society in general;Evaluation of competing claims of patient's autonomy & patient well - being






4. Taking care of the whole person - body - mind - spirit - heart - soul - Provide best quality of life by symptom management






5. Absence of basic human needs results in illness - Presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health - Meeting basic human needs restores health - One feels something missing when needs are unmet - One feels satisfaction when need

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6. Medications - narcotics - iron preparations - chronic use of stimulant laxatives - antibiotics - Constipation or diarrhea is common side effect of meds Treat Constipation: - increasing fiber - fluids - activity - allowing time daily - may use bulk






7. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






8. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place






9. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious






10. Containing or mixed with blood






11. Most significant & most commonly observed infection - causing agents in healthcare institutions






12. Delay or problem starting urinary stream






13. supports & immobilizes a body part - helps a surgical incision helps with comfort and pain.






14. Rapid onset - lasts short period of time






15. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






16. Need to void without ability to hold or delay






17. Leakage when coughing - sneezing - or increased intra - abdominal pressure






18. Liquids can have color but must be able to see through (Coffee is ok) - No milk products - Nutritionally inadequate over time - Used as preparation for surgery - diagnostic studies - post - operative advancement - Hydrates - rests GI tract - N






19. Mixture of serum & red blood cells






20. Kills organisms but not spores & is bacteriocidal - Betadine - alcohol - chlorine - Depends On what organisms & How many are present - Type of item being disinfected - Time & strength of disinfecting agent is critical






21. Helps remove mucus & is usually taught with deep breathing (esp. important for patients with increased risk of respiratory complications)






22. Result of unpredictable event (Ex: injury - disaster)






23. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.






24. Regular exercise






25. Health - state of complete physical - mental - & social well being - not merely the absence of disease - Wellness - active state - oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual

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26. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






27. Procedure that is preplanned & based on the patient's choice & availability of scheduling for the patient - surgeon - & facility; Non - urgent; does not have to be done immediately






28. Right of self - determination; informed choices for patients - right to choose






29. O Spiritual / Religious needs - Know & respect special ceremonies - rituals - Contact clergy to visit if patient desires






30. Lab / Screenings - Chest x- ray - is there fluid or anything pressing on the heart? - ECG - heart health - circulatory - ischemia - CBC - WBC's - infection - RBC's - platelets - bleeding time - Chemistry profile - Urinalysis






31. Maintain patient confidentiality within legal & regulatory parameters - Act as patient advocates - Deliver care in nonjudgmental manner & are sensitive to diversity - Deliver care that protects patient autonomy - dignity - & rights - Seek available






32. Legal document that protects patient - physician - & healthcare institution - Person who is performing procedure (physician) is responsible for securing consent & explaining procedure to patient - Nurse signs as a witness - signifying that patient si

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33. Keep promises






34. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation to






35. Physical - genetic inheritance - age - developmental level - race - & gender - Emotional - how the mind affects body function & responds to body conditions - Intellectual - cognitive abilities - educational background - & past experiences - Environme






36. Uses reagent substances to detect the enzyme peroxidase in the hemoglobin molecule






37. Brings large intestine to surface Can be created anywhere along large intestine - Consistency of stool depends on how far stool travels through colon before diversion - May be able to train bowel to evacuate at same time each day - if solid stool






38. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






39. Salmonella bacillus from raw eggs or chicken - Bacterial enteropathogens - viruses - or parasites - cause Traveler's diarrhea - Undercooked meat






40. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa






41. Total Parenteral Nutrition - nutritional therapy that bypasses the GI tract for patients who are unable to take food orally; meets patient's nutritional needs by way of nutrient - filled solutions administered intravenously through a central vein






42. ability to excrete excess nitrogen






43. Altered self - image






44. Brings small intestine to surface - usually the ileum - stool is always liquid - may drain liquid stool without any control OR - can create inverted nipple & pouch 'continent ostomy' so stool is retained until catheter is inserted to drain OR - diver






45. Wash gently with gauze or clean cloth & water - Pat dry






46. Increase venus return and helps prevent complications of thrombophlebitis & resultant emboli






47. Do - not - resuscitate - an order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest - Nurse is obligated to attempt CPR if there is no DNR order - Nurse should clarify the patient's code status: if th

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48. Point of escape of the organism from the reservoir (Ex: Respiratory - GI - Genitourinary - break in skin)






49. Physical: protect from potential or actual harm Emotional: Free of fear - anxiety Allow independence Explanations

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50. Inability to empty bladder