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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Containing or mixed with blood






2. Activity - movement stimulates intestinal muscle action = peristalsis - abdominal & pelvic muscle exercises to maintain tone for intra - abdominal pressure






3. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge






4. Hematest & guaiac test are chemical tests commonly used - False - positive results - from ingesting red meat - animal liver & kidneys - salmon - tuna - mackerel & sardines - tomatoes - cauliflower - horseradish - turnips - melon - bananas - & soybean






5. Bowel sounds - auscultate every 4 hrs when patient is awake - reduced or absent; should return within 8-24 hrs after surgery - Distention - assess; esp. if bowel sounds are absent or high - pitched (could indicate paralytic ileus) - Is there an infe






6. Demonstration - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials






7. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa






8. Backrubs- Warm / cold compresses - Auditory / visual stimuli - TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) - Acupuncture - Placebos - Analgesics - Endorphins - natural analgesic activated by stress & pain - Medications - IV - PO - PCA - Epidu






9. Health history & physical assessment within 24 hrs of surgery to identify risk factors & allergies - Identifying medications & treatments patient is currently receiving - surgery cancels all prior medication orders (Ex: no cumadin - Plavix - aspirin






10. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop






11. Procedure that is preplanned & based on the patient's choice & availability of scheduling for the patient - surgeon - & facility; Non - urgent; does not have to be done immediately






12. Personal emotional involvement - Need to explore own beliefs about death - Burn - out from work in areas of frequent death - Critical Care - ER - Hospice - Long Term Care






13. Binds fat & cholesterol to decrease absorption into bloodstream from GI tract






14. Brings large intestine to surface Can be created anywhere along large intestine - Consistency of stool depends on how far stool travels through colon before diversion - May be able to train bowel to evacuate at same time each day - if solid stool






15. Gradual withdrawal of mechanical ventilation from a patient with a terminal illness or an irreversible condition with a poor prognosis.






16. For bowel diversions that bring portion of small or large intestine to abdominal surface for stool elimination - Permanent or temporary diversion - If permanent - may do abdominal - perineal resection to close off rectum & anal area (esp. if cancer i






17. Right of self - determination; informed choices for patients - right to choose






18. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care






19. Inability to empty bladder






20. skin should be intact - free of redness - Watch for any irritation - rash - signs of infection - Erosion around stoma can cause stoma to become flat or indented






21. A natural habitat of an organism (Ex: other humans - animals - soil - inanimate objects - water - milk - food)






22. Current Trends in Nursing - Nursing shortage - Evidence - based practice - Community- based nursing - Decreased length of hospital stay - Aging population - Increase in chronic care conditions - Independent nursing practice - Culturally competent ca






23. Benefit the patient.






24. Diet - should include adequate fiber or bulk - Whole grains - fruits - vegetables - legumes - Eating at regular intervals helps stimulate peristalsis (gastrocolic reflex) - Food allergies or food poisoning may lead to diarrhea - Some foods cause






25. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic






26. Composed of clear - serous portion of the blood & from serous membranes






27. Degree of resistance the potential host has to the pathogen






28. Integration of mental & muscular activity (physical)






29. Wash gently with gauze or clean cloth & water - Pat dry






30. no harsh or abrasive cleansers - use mild soap & water - dry gently - use skin protectant products to toughen area & protect from irritating stool






31. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious






32. Liquids can have color but must be able to see through (Coffee is ok) - No milk products - Nutritionally inadequate over time - Used as preparation for surgery - diagnostic studies - post - operative advancement - Hydrates - rests GI tract - N






33. Lab / Screenings - Chest x- ray - is there fluid or anything pressing on the heart? - ECG - heart health - circulatory - ischemia - CBC - WBC's - infection - RBC's - platelets - bleeding time - Chemistry profile - Urinalysis






34. Legal document that protects patient - physician - & healthcare institution - Person who is performing procedure (physician) is responsible for securing consent & explaining procedure to patient - Nurse signs as a witness - signifying that patient si

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35. In the case of cardiopulmonary or respiratory arrest - calling a code & resuscitating the patient are to be delayed until these measures will be ineffectual.






36. Only in animal products






37. Understanding & Acceptance: Involve family / friends in patient care - Establish trusting relationship - Refer to support groups

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38. Body part or function






39. So patient should be taught to splint the incision (support with pillow or folded bath blanket) & cough during period after pain medication has been administered






40. Leakage when coughing - sneezing - or increased intra - abdominal pressure






41. A tool nurses use to think critically - solve problems - & evaluate the way they care for patients. Dynamic - systematic or ever changing - depending on patient & all variables that impact patient - Helps nurse think about outcomes for patients & is






42. 1. Denial & Isolation 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance

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43. provided for people with limited life expectancy - often in the home - focuses on the needs of the dying - comfort & dignity; encompasses biomedical - psychosocial - & spiritual aspects






44. Frequency & amount of stools - history of diarrhea - constipation - impaction - Any abnormality of stool appearance - Use of laxatives or enemas - Dietary habits - food allergies - fluids - fiber - Amount of activity & exercise - Medications - Stress






45. Physical: protect from potential or actual harm Emotional: Free of fear - anxiety Allow independence Explanations

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46. Pain reported by patient is determining factor of pain control - Assess pain q 2 hrs after major surgery - Older patient is at risk for undertreatment & overtreatment of pain






47. Concern for the welfare of others; patient advocacy; respect for other cultures - perspectives






48. Anatomical position - Removal of soiled dressings & tubes - Who will bathe the body? - Identification tags - Personal items - Order to release body / mortuary notification - Special handling for communicable disease






49. Brings small intestine to surface - usually the ileum - stool is always liquid - may drain liquid stool without any control OR - can create inverted nipple & pouch 'continent ostomy' so stool is retained until catheter is inserted to drain OR - diver






50. - Peel fruits & vegetables - Eat dry foods & foods that are piping hot & cooked thoroughly - avoid tap water - ice cubes - fruit juice - fresh salads - unpasteurized dairy products - cold sauces & toppings - open buffets - & undercooked or reheate

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