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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inability to get to toilet in time or inability to recognize need to urinate






2. To make or confirm a diagnosis (Ex: breast biopsy - laparoscopy)






3. Health - state of complete physical - mental - & social well being - not merely the absence of disease - Wellness - active state - oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual






4. Helps remove mucus & is usually taught with deep breathing (esp. important for patients with increased risk of respiratory complications)






5. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien






6. Can be harmful if taken in large amounts - All nutrients work with others to promote good health - Adding large amounts of one vitamin can make the body believe it is deficient in another vitamin - Food is the best source of nutrients - Supplements s






7. Containing or mixed with blood






8. So patient should be taught to splint the incision (support with pillow or folded bath blanket) & cough during period after pain medication has been administered






9. Lecture or discussion - panel discussion - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials - programmed instruction - computer - assisted instruction programs






10. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent






11. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place






12. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care






13. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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14. Result of natural development






15. Two or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of action






16. Risk factors for illness - Factors in the human dimensions that influence health - illness status - Beliefs and practice - Basic human needs - Self - concept






17. Legal document that protects patient - physician - & healthcare institution - Person who is performing procedure (physician) is responsible for securing consent & explaining procedure to patient - Nurse signs as a witness - signifying that patient si

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18. Should be moist & red or pink if circulation is adequate - Pale or bluish indicates problem - bleeds easily (mucosa) but amount is minimal - Very edematous at first - but will shrink down to normal size as healing occurs (6-8 weeks) - Protrude above






19. Provide specific instructions about kinds of healthcare that should be provide or forgone






20. Procedure that is preplanned & based on the patient's choice & availability of scheduling for the patient - surgeon - & facility; Non - urgent; does not have to be done immediately






21. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge






22. Equal care & rights for all






23. Delay or problem starting urinary stream






24. Improves venus return - respiratory function - & peristalsis - relieves skin pressure. Patient should practice before surgery






25. Felt by person but intangible to others (Ex: loss of youth - independence)






26. Disposable one - piece bags may be used at first - will have karaya or stomahesive attached - After stoma is stable - two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag w






27. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious






28. Dysuria - urinary frequency or urgency - cloudy urine with foul odor






29. Body part or function






30. Understanding & Acceptance: Involve family / friends in patient care - Establish trusting relationship - Refer to support groups

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31. Nurse knows the right thing to do but factors make it difficult to follow correct course of action.






32. Give each his/her due & act fairly






33. Bladder - nervous system damage






34. Helps increase lung volume & inflation of alveoli which Facilitates venus return; Practice prior to surgery






35. Wash gently with gauze or clean cloth & water - Pat dry






36. Activity - movement stimulates intestinal muscle action = peristalsis - abdominal & pelvic muscle exercises to maintain tone for intra - abdominal pressure






37. Total Parenteral Nutrition - nutritional therapy that bypasses the GI tract for patients who are unable to take food orally; meets patient's nutritional needs by way of nutrient - filled solutions administered intravenously through a central vein






38. Physical: protect from potential or actual harm Emotional: Free of fear - anxiety Allow independence Explanations

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39. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop






40. HDL - 'good' type






41. Gradual withdrawal of mechanical ventilation from a patient with a terminal illness or an irreversible condition with a poor prognosis.






42. Cultural - views on healthcare - Environmental - access to healthcare - Socioeconomic - financial resources - insurance - Physical - mobility






43. Maintain patient confidentiality within legal & regulatory parameters - Act as patient advocates - Deliver care in nonjudgmental manner & are sensitive to diversity - Deliver care that protects patient autonomy - dignity - & rights - Seek available






44. Respect values & beliefs - Role change - Body image change - Encourage to set attainable goals - Facilitate support from family / friends






45. Salmonella bacillus from raw eggs or chicken - Bacterial enteropathogens - viruses - or parasites - cause Traveler's diarrhea - Undercooked meat






46. Altered self - image






47. Sterile technique; practices that render & keep objects & areas free from microorganisms






48. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation






49. Developmental considerations - child has limited understanding but needs to grieve - Family - Who has died - Socioeconomics - financial burden or loss; Cause of Death - Culture - Gender - Religion






50. Palliative - to relieve or reduce intensity of an illness; is not curative (Ex: colostomy - arthroscopy - balloon angioplasties)