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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Can be harmful if taken in large amounts - All nutrients work with others to promote good health - Adding large amounts of one vitamin can make the body believe it is deficient in another vitamin - Food is the best source of nutrients - Supplements s






2. Keep promises






3. Do - not - resuscitate - an order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest - Nurse is obligated to attempt CPR if there is no DNR order - Nurse should clarify the patient's code status: if th

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4. Loss of voluntary control of urination






5. Total Parenteral Nutrition - nutritional therapy that bypasses the GI tract for patients who are unable to take food orally; meets patient's nutritional needs by way of nutrient - filled solutions administered intravenously through a central vein






6. Bladder - nervous system damage






7. Diet - should include adequate fiber or bulk - Whole grains - fruits - vegetables - legumes - Eating at regular intervals helps stimulate peristalsis (gastrocolic reflex) - Food allergies or food poisoning may lead to diarrhea - Some foods cause






8. Composed of clear - serous portion of the blood & from serous membranes






9. Result of natural development






10. Death expected within a limited period of time - What patient needs to know - how disease will progress; go through stages of grief; support in decision making; right to consent to or refuse any & all treatment - What family needs to know - how disea






11. - Skin care - clean & dry - Oral & nasal care q 2 hr - Turn & reposition q 2 hr - Pain control - Maintain nutrition & hydration - Patent airway - Vision may diminish - control lighting in the room






12. Inability to empty bladder






13. Lab / Screenings - Chest x- ray - is there fluid or anything pressing on the heart? - ECG - heart health - circulatory - ischemia - CBC - WBC's - infection - RBC's - platelets - bleeding time - Chemistry profile - Urinalysis






14. Recovery period; returns to a healty state; feeling better






15. Oxygen; skin color - V/S - mental responsiveness; Intake & elimination of fluids;I & O - skin turgor - weight - mucous membranes; Food;weight - muscle mass - labs; Temperature;Physical activity;Rest & sleep

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16. Developmental considerations - child has limited understanding but needs to grieve - Family - Who has died - Socioeconomics - financial burden or loss; Cause of Death - Culture - Gender - Religion






17. Two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag without disturbing seal on skin - bag is changed only when it leaks or seal is lost - opening in karaya should be cut 1/8






18. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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19. Palliative - to relieve or reduce intensity of an illness; is not curative (Ex: colostomy - arthroscopy - balloon angioplasties)






20. Regular exercise






21. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






22. Hand Hygiene - Wash - before & after touching patient; before & after wearing gloves - Alchohol - based handrubs - if hands are not visibly soiled - Soap & water - if hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids; wash for 15 sec






23. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation to






24. Specific signs & symptom






25. To remove a diseased body part (Ex: appendectomy - amputation)






26. Sterile technique; practices that render & keep objects & areas free from microorganisms






27. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge






28. Storing & recalling of new knowledge (brain)






29. Act for patient without their consent; Overrides patient autonomy; Nurse decides What is in best interest of patient






30. Physical: protect from potential or actual harm Emotional: Free of fear - anxiety Allow independence Explanations

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31. Anatomical position - Removal of soiled dressings & tubes - Who will bathe the body? - Identification tags - Personal items - Order to release body / mortuary notification - Special handling for communicable disease






32. identify factors that may place the patient at greater risk for complications during & after surgery - often conducted several days before surgery as part of pre - operative laboratory screening & teaching






33. Respect values & beliefs - Role change - Body image change - Encourage to set attainable goals - Facilitate support from family / friends






34. Improves musculoskeletal system - Improves cardiovascular function - Improves circulation - tissues get oxygen & nutrients - Promotes relaxation

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35. HDL - 'good' type






36. Deep breathing (TCDB - Turn - Cough - Deep Breathing) - During surgery - cough reflex is suppresses - mucus accumulates - & lungs do not ventilate fully. After surgery - respirations are less effective due to anesthesia - pain meds - & pain - hyperv






37. To restore function to traumatized or malfunctioning tissue (Ex: plastic surgery - breast reconstruction - skin graft)






38. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care






39. Body part or function






40. Inability to get to toilet in time or inability to recognize need to urinate






41. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious






42. Brings small intestine to surface - usually the ileum - stool is always liquid - may drain liquid stool without any control OR - can create inverted nipple & pouch 'continent ostomy' so stool is retained until catheter is inserted to drain OR - diver






43. Collect from specimen port on drainage tubing - Cleanse with alcohol & use sterile syringe to pull out urine - Collect urine only from upper tubing - never from drainage bag - Urinalysis - collect 30 mL; Culture & Sensitivity (C&S) - collect 10 mL -






44. Voiding too often but normal total amounts






45. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation






46. Cholesterol: Heredity is biggest factor in how body produces - handles - & excretes cholesterol - Type & amount of fat in diet - Saturated fats: carry cholesterol and stimulate liver to make cholesterol - Higher fat diets can elevate cholesterol blo






47. Dysuria - urinary frequency or urgency - cloudy urine with foul odor






48. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






49. Plantlike organisms - molds (Ex: Athlete's foot - Ringworm)






50. Personal habits - Defecate at the same time each day - Privacy & time allotment - Positioning - sitting upright with feet on ground