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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Point where an organism enters a new host; GI - GU - Respiratory - break in skin or mucous membranes






2. Should be moist & red or pink if circulation is adequate - Pale or bluish indicates problem - bleeds easily (mucosa) but amount is minimal - Very edematous at first - but will shrink down to normal size as healing occurs (6-8 weeks) - Protrude above






3. Changes in attitude - values - feelings (emotional)






4. Kills organisms but not spores & is bacteriocidal - Betadine - alcohol - chlorine - Depends On what organisms & How many are present - Type of item being disinfected - Time & strength of disinfecting agent is critical






5. Increase venus return and helps prevent complications of thrombophlebitis & resultant emboli






6. Urinary retention - inability to empty bladder






7. Process by which healthcare providers give appropriate - uninterrupted care & facilitate the patient's transition between different setting & levels of care - Teaching patient & family - self - care - medications - Involve patient & family in care p






8. Medications - narcotics - iron preparations - chronic use of stimulant laxatives - antibiotics - Constipation or diarrhea is common side effect of meds Treat Constipation: - increasing fiber - fluids - activity - allowing time daily - may use bulk






9. Death expected within a limited period of time - What patient needs to know - how disease will progress; go through stages of grief; support in decision making; right to consent to or refuse any & all treatment - What family needs to know - how disea






10. Total Parenteral Nutrition - nutritional therapy that bypasses the GI tract for patients who are unable to take food orally; meets patient's nutritional needs by way of nutrient - filled solutions administered intravenously through a central vein






11. Understanding & Acceptance: Involve family / friends in patient care - Establish trusting relationship - Refer to support groups

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12. Two or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of action






13. Composed of clear - serous portion of the blood & from serous membranes






14. Delay or problem starting urinary stream






15. Teach patient & family that pain meds will be ordered by physician & administered by nurse - Patient should ask for pain meds before pain becomes severe - A different med can be ordered if the med does not control pain or has unpleasant side effects






16. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien






17. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge






18. Role modeling - discussion - panel discussion - audiovisual materials - role playing - printed materials






19. provided for people with limited life expectancy - often in the home - focuses on the needs of the dying - comfort & dignity; encompasses biomedical - psychosocial - & spiritual aspects






20. Taking care of the whole person - body - mind - spirit - heart - soul - Provide best quality of life by symptom management






21. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic






22. supports & immobilizes a body part - helps a surgical incision helps with comfort and pain.






23. Nurse knows the right thing to do but factors make it difficult to follow correct course of action.






24. A tool nurses use to think critically - solve problems - & evaluate the way they care for patients. Dynamic - systematic or ever changing - depending on patient & all variables that impact patient - Helps nurse think about outcomes for patients & is






25. Risk factors for illness - Factors in the human dimensions that influence health - illness status - Beliefs and practice - Basic human needs - Self - concept






26. Absence of basic human needs results in illness - Presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health - Meeting basic human needs restores health - One feels something missing when needs are unmet - One feels satisfaction when need

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27. Brings large intestine to surface Can be created anywhere along large intestine - Consistency of stool depends on how far stool travels through colon before diversion - May be able to train bowel to evacuate at same time each day - if solid stool






28. Difficulty or painful urination






29. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop






30. Hand Hygiene - Wash - before & after touching patient; before & after wearing gloves - Alchohol - based handrubs - if hands are not visibly soiled - Soap & water - if hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids; wash for 15 sec






31. Right of self - determination; informed choices for patients - right to choose






32. A natural habitat of an organism (Ex: other humans - animals - soil - inanimate objects - water - milk - food)






33. Code of ethics; accountability






34. Goal of treatment is a comfortable dignified death & that further life - sustaining measures are no longer indicated.






35. ability to excrete excess nitrogen






36. Patients who require in - hospital care are more acutely ill or injured than in the past - Length of stay has decreased; Often leads to re - admissions - Nurses in hospitals must have knowledge & skills to perform complex care to very ill patients






37. Process of emptying the bladder






38. Can be harmful if taken in large amounts - All nutrients work with others to promote good health - Adding large amounts of one vitamin can make the body believe it is deficient in another vitamin - Food is the best source of nutrients - Supplements s






39. To remove a diseased body part (Ex: appendectomy - amputation)






40. Keep promises






41. Retention with leakage that exceeds bladder capacity






42. skin should be intact - free of redness - Watch for any irritation - rash - signs of infection - Erosion around stoma can cause stoma to become flat or indented






43. Respect values & beliefs - Role change - Body image change - Encourage to set attainable goals - Facilitate support from family / friends






44. ability to break down nitrogen to excrete






45. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care






46. no harsh or abrasive cleansers - use mild soap & water - dry gently - use skin protectant products to toughen area & protect from irritating stool






47. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation






48. Works to stimulate peristalsis by distending & irritating bowel - Used to remove stool and/or flatus - relieve constipation or fecal impaction - prevent escape of fecal material during surgical procedures - promote visualization of GI tract by radiog






49. Interval between pathogen's invasion of the body & the appearance of symptoms; organisms are growing & multiplying






50. Health - state of complete physical - mental - & social well being - not merely the absence of disease - Wellness - active state - oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual

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