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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Should be moist & red or pink if circulation is adequate - Pale or bluish indicates problem - bleeds easily (mucosa) but amount is minimal - Very edematous at first - but will shrink down to normal size as healing occurs (6-8 weeks) - Protrude above
Risk Factors for Altered Family Health
Abdominal physical assessment
Postmortem Care
Stoma Care Assessments

2. Result of unpredictable event (Ex: injury - disaster)
Situational loss
Urgency - Altered urine pattern
Dying patient's Bill of Rights
Serosanguineous wound drainage

3. Loss that is yet to come
How to prevent 'travelers diarrhea'
Cognitive learning
Anticipatory loss
Affective learning

4. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation
splinting and its use in the health care setting
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Nursing considerations for peristomal care.
Abdominal physical assessment

5. Physical - genetic inheritance - age - developmental level - race - & gender - Emotional - how the mind affects body function & responds to body conditions - Intellectual - cognitive abilities - educational background - & past experiences - Environme
DNR and the nurse's duty
Stress Incontinence
Human Dimensions of Health
chronic illness

6. Medications - narcotics - iron preparations - chronic use of stimulant laxatives - antibiotics - Constipation or diarrhea is common side effect of meds Treat Constipation: - increasing fiber - fluids - activity - allowing time daily - may use bulk
Challenges to health care access
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
What a nurse needs to do about the spiritual needs of a dying patient

7. ability to break down nitrogen to excrete
Living Wills
Most effective way to prevent spread of organisms
Nursing role with grief and death
Liver disease effects on nutritional status of a patient

8. skin should be intact - free of redness - Watch for any irritation - rash - signs of infection - Erosion around stoma can cause stoma to become flat or indented
Factors that affect a patients health state
Full stage of illness
Peristomal Skin Care Assessments
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Love and belonging

9. Ensure that food is safe for consumption & prepared & stored properly - Never purchase food with damaged packaging - Take items that require refrigeration home immediately - Never use raw eggs in any form - Cook ground meat thoroughly; should not hav
Causes of food poisoning
Ways to prevent food poisoning
Perceived loss
Portal of Exit

10. Role modeling - discussion - panel discussion - audiovisual materials - role playing - printed materials
Factors affecting UTI's
solube fiber
What a nurse needs to do about the spiritual needs of a dying patient
Affective teaching strategy

11. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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12. Medicate for pain - N/V - Rest periods before each meal - Offer mouth care prior to each meal - Be sure dentures are clean & in mouth - Offer foods patient likes & can eat - Cold - soft foods may be better tolerated - Smaller portions - More frequent
Full stage of illness
How to stimulate a patients appetite
Nursing Consideratins for stoma care
Stoma Care Cleansing

13. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop
Autonomy
Advance Directives
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs & Meeting Basic Human Needs and how it's used to treat patients.
Full stage of illness

14. Deep breathing (TCDB - Turn - Cough - Deep Breathing) - During surgery - cough reflex is suppresses - mucus accumulates - & lungs do not ventilate fully. After surgery - respirations are less effective due to anesthesia - pain meds - & pain - hyperv
Paternalism
Medical Asepsis - clean technique
Patient Teaching necessary to prevent potential post - operative complications.
Patient teaching regarding post operative pain management.

15. Hematest & guaiac test are chemical tests commonly used - False - positive results - from ingesting red meat - animal liver & kidneys - salmon - tuna - mackerel & sardines - tomatoes - cauliflower - horseradish - turnips - melon - bananas - & soybean
Test used for determng blood in stool
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern
Where dietary intake of cholesterol can be found
Autonomy

16. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL
Nursing Interventions to promote post - operative urinary elimination needs.
Factors affecting UTI's
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
During Peristomal Bag or Applaince change - opening in karaya

17. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks
Advocacy
Risk Factors for AlteresFmily health.
Affective teaching strategy
Hospice Care

18. Composed of white blood cells - liquefied dead tissue debris - & dead & live bacteria
Susceptible Host
How to prevent 'travelers diarrhea'
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Purulent wound drainage

19. Plantlike organisms - molds (Ex: Athlete's foot - Ringworm)
'informed consent'
How to prevent 'travelers diarrhea'
Fungi
How vitamins can affect a patients nutritional state

20. Respect for inherent worth & uniqueness of the individual; patient privacy & confidentiality
Nursing Ethics
Human dignity
urinary retention
Deception

21. Nurse knows the right thing to do but factors make it difficult to follow correct course of action.
Ethical distress
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Ethical dilemma
Ways to prevent or treat constipation

22. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)
Incontinence
Clean Catch Specimen Collection
Virus
Ways to help a patient manage pain

23. Helps remove mucus & is usually taught with deep breathing (esp. important for patients with increased risk of respiratory complications)
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern
Effects of cholesterol on patients nutritional status
Social Justice
Post - operative complications Coughing

24. Two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag without disturbing seal on skin - bag is changed only when it leaks or seal is lost - opening in karaya should be cut 1/8
Bacteria
Virus
Post - operative complications Coughing
Stoma Bag/Appliance changes

25. Improves musculoskeletal system - Improves cardiovascular function - Improves circulation - tissues get oxygen & nutrients - Promotes relaxation

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26. Respect values & beliefs - Role change - Body image change - Encourage to set attainable goals - Facilitate support from family / friends
Prodromal stage (most infectious stage)
Affective teaching strategy
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self Esteem
Portal of Exit

27. Inability to delay need to urinate
Factors that affect a patient's health state.
Advocacy
Urge Incontinence
Symptoms of UTI

28. provided for people with limited life expectancy - often in the home - focuses on the needs of the dying - comfort & dignity; encompasses biomedical - psychosocial - & spiritual aspects
Serous wound drainage
Stoma Care Cleansing
Ways to help a patient manage pain
Hospice Care

29. Teach patient & family that pain meds will be ordered by physician & administered by nurse - Patient should ask for pain meds before pain becomes severe - A different med can be ordered if the med does not control pain or has unpleasant side effects
Hesitancy - Altered urine pattern
Nursing Consideratins for stoma care
Surgical Classification - emergent
Patient teaching regarding post operative pain management.

30. Body part or function
Physical loss
Stoma Bag/Appliance changes
Social Justice
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self Esteem

31. Loss of voluntary control of urination
Catheter Urine Specimen procedure
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Incontinence
Serosanguineous wound drainage

32. Kills organisms but not spores & is bacteriocidal - Betadine - alcohol - chlorine - Depends On what organisms & How many are present - Type of item being disinfected - Time & strength of disinfecting agent is critical
Ways to prevent food poisoning
What disinfectant does
Comfort Measures Only
Social Justice

33. Fluid intake - at least 2000 mL daily
Nursing Consideratins for stoma care
DNR and the nurse's duty
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Effects of cholesterol on patients nutritional status

34. Personal habits - Defecate at the same time each day - Privacy & time allotment - Positioning - sitting upright with feet on ground
How one provides continuity of care
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Nursing Consideratins for stoma care
Factors that affect a patients health state

35. Improves venus return - respiratory function - & peristalsis - relieves skin pressure. Patient should practice before surgery
What is length of stay & How do we control it?
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self Esteem
Bacteria
Post - operative complications Turning in bed

36. Give each his/her due & act fairly
How a nurse can meet the physical needs of a dying patient
Justice
urinary retention
Effects of cholesterol on patients nutritional status

37. Inspect
Hesitancy - Altered urine pattern
Abdominal physical assessment
Nursing Interventions to promote post - operative bowel elimination needs.
Slow Code

38. Frequency that occurs during sleeping hours
urinary retention
Frequency - Altered urine pattern
Signs of patient nearing death
Nocturia - Altered urine pattern

39. Result of natural development
Postmortem Care
Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen)
Smoking destroys What type of fat
Maturational loss

40. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self - Actualization
ANA code for nurses - ethical & professional standards for a nurse to follow.
Sanguineous wound drainage
Surgical classifications: Urgent

41. Backrubs- Warm / cold compresses - Auditory / visual stimuli - TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) - Acupuncture - Placebos - Analgesics - Endorphins - natural analgesic activated by stress & pain - Medications - IV - PO - PCA - Epidu
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.
Ways to help a patient manage pain
How does renal disease affect a patients nutrional health
Portal of Entry

42. Appoints an agent that the person trusts to make decisions in the event of subsequent incapacity.
'informed consent'
Abdominal physical assessment
Incubation period
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare

43. A natural habitat of an organism (Ex: other humans - animals - soil - inanimate objects - water - milk - food)
splinting and its use in the health care setting
Reservoir
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare
Stress Incontinence

44. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa
Reasons a patient not have an appetite.
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern
Ethical dilemma
Serosanguineous wound drainage

45. Increase venus return and helps prevent complications of thrombophlebitis & resultant emboli
Post - operative complications Leg exercises
Integrity
Patient Teaching necessary to prevent potential post - operative complications.
Post - operative complications Turning in bed

46. Benefit the patient.
Beneficence
Nocturia - Altered urine pattern
Purulent wound drainage
Surgical Classification - emergent

47. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien
Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen)
Stress Incontinence
Advocacy
Causes of food poisoning

48. Procedure that is preplanned & based on the patient's choice & availability of scheduling for the patient - surgeon - & facility; Non - urgent; does not have to be done immediately
Surgical asepsis
Surgicale Classification - elective
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Physiologic Needs - essential to life
Ablative surgery

49. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Altruism
solube fiber
chronic illness

50. Sense of hopefulness - participation in decisions - expression of feelings & emotions - Not die alone - religious or spiritual needs - honesty

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