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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Plantlike organisms - molds (Ex: Athlete's foot - Ringworm)






2. Most significant & most commonly observed infection - causing agents in healthcare institutions






3. Point of escape of the organism from the reservoir (Ex: Respiratory - GI - Genitourinary - break in skin)






4. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop






5. Recognized by others as well as patient (Ex: loss of job - spouse)






6. Lecture or discussion - panel discussion - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials - programmed instruction - computer - assisted instruction programs






7. Helps increase lung volume & inflation of alveoli which Facilitates venus return; Practice prior to surgery






8. Retention with leakage that exceeds bladder capacity






9. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien






10. Sense of hopefulness - participation in decisions - expression of feelings & emotions - Not die alone - religious or spiritual needs - honesty

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11. ability to excrete excess nitrogen






12. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation






13. Containing or mixed with blood






14. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






15. Do - not - resuscitate - an order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest - Nurse is obligated to attempt CPR if there is no DNR order - Nurse should clarify the patient's code status: if th

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16. Diet - should include adequate fiber or bulk - Whole grains - fruits - vegetables - legumes - Eating at regular intervals helps stimulate peristalsis (gastrocolic reflex) - Food allergies or food poisoning may lead to diarrhea - Some foods cause






17. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






18. Body part or function






19. no harsh or abrasive cleansers - use mild soap & water - dry gently - use skin protectant products to toughen area & protect from irritating stool






20. Voiding too often but normal total amounts






21. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious






22. Delay or problem starting urinary stream






23. Helps remove mucus & is usually taught with deep breathing (esp. important for patients with increased risk of respiratory complications)






24. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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25. Loss of voluntary control of urination






26. Medicate for pain - N/V - Rest periods before each meal - Offer mouth care prior to each meal - Be sure dentures are clean & in mouth - Offer foods patient likes & can eat - Cold - soft foods may be better tolerated - Smaller portions - More frequent






27. Rapid onset - lasts short period of time






28. Process by which healthcare providers give appropriate - uninterrupted care & facilitate the patient's transition between different setting & levels of care - Teaching patient & family - self - care - medications - Involve patient & family in care p






29. Works to stimulate peristalsis by distending & irritating bowel - Used to remove stool and/or flatus - relieve constipation or fecal impaction - prevent escape of fecal material during surgical procedures - promote visualization of GI tract by radiog






30. Cultural - views on healthcare - Environmental - access to healthcare - Socioeconomic - financial resources - insurance - Physical - mobility






31. Brings small intestine to surface - usually the ileum - stool is always liquid - may drain liquid stool without any control OR - can create inverted nipple & pouch 'continent ostomy' so stool is retained until catheter is inserted to drain OR - diver






32. Build - up of fat - cholesterol & calcium on inside of artery walls - Leads to hardening of walls with loss of elasticity or ability to expand fully - Plaque build up roughens walls so clotting factors can stick to walls - Plaque narrows lumen of art






33. Equal care & rights for all






34. Gradual withdrawal of mechanical ventilation from a patient with a terminal illness or an irreversible condition with a poor prognosis.






35. Inability to swallow - Pitting edema - Decreased GI & GU activity - Incontinence - Loss of motion - sensation - reflexes - Elevated temp but cold - clammy skin - Cyanosis - Lowered BP - Noisy - irregular respirations - Cheyne - Stokes - May






36. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






37. Should be cut 1/8 inch larger than stoma to protect skin & avoid stoma rub - may use charcoal or other deodorizer in bag to control odor - Bismuth subgallate oral also controls odor






38. Must be done immediately to preserve life - a body part - or function






39. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic






40. Maintain patient confidentiality within legal & regulatory parameters - Act as patient advocates - Deliver care in nonjudgmental manner & are sensitive to diversity - Deliver care that protects patient autonomy - dignity - & rights - Seek available






41. Physical - genetic inheritance - age - developmental level - race - & gender - Emotional - how the mind affects body function & responds to body conditions - Intellectual - cognitive abilities - educational background - & past experiences - Environme






42. To restore function to traumatized or malfunctioning tissue (Ex: plastic surgery - breast reconstruction - skin graft)






43. Reach full potential through development of capabilities - Continues throughout life: Acceptance of self & others as they are -






44. Demonstration - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials






45. Keep promises






46. Bladder - nervous system damage






47. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent






48. Recovery period; returns to a healty state; feeling better






49. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place






50. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.