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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Interval between pathogen's invasion of the body & the appearance of symptoms; organisms are growing & multiplying






2. Complete lack of control over urination






3. Health history & physical assessment within 24 hrs of surgery to identify risk factors & allergies - Identifying medications & treatments patient is currently receiving - surgery cancels all prior medication orders (Ex: no cumadin - Plavix - aspirin






4. Hand Hygiene - Wash - before & after touching patient; before & after wearing gloves - Alchohol - based handrubs - if hands are not visibly soiled - Soap & water - if hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids; wash for 15 sec






5. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL






6. Two or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of action






7. Risk factors for illness - Factors in the human dimensions that influence health - illness status - Beliefs and practice - Basic human needs - Self - concept






8. Social support systems - Community healthcare structure - Economic resources - Environmental factors - Nursing in the community






9. Point where an organism enters a new host; GI - GU - Respiratory - break in skin or mucous membranes






10. Absence of basic human needs results in illness - Presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health - Meeting basic human needs restores health - One feels something missing when needs are unmet - One feels satisfaction when need


11. Ensure that food is safe for consumption & prepared & stored properly - Never purchase food with damaged packaging - Take items that require refrigeration home immediately - Never use raw eggs in any form - Cook ground meat thoroughly; should not hav






12. - Peel fruits & vegetables - Eat dry foods & foods that are piping hot & cooked thoroughly - avoid tap water - ice cubes - fruit juice - fresh salads - unpasteurized dairy products - cold sauces & toppings - open buffets - & undercooked or reheate


13. Retention with leakage that exceeds bladder capacity






14. Appoints an agent that the person trusts to make decisions in the event of subsequent incapacity.






15. Respect values & beliefs - Role change - Body image change - Encourage to set attainable goals - Facilitate support from family / friends






16. Process by which healthcare providers give appropriate - uninterrupted care & facilitate the patient's transition between different setting & levels of care - Teaching patient & family - self - care - medications - Involve patient & family in care p






17. Code of ethics; accountability






18. Urinary retention - inability to empty bladder






19. Death expected within a limited period of time - What patient needs to know - how disease will progress; go through stages of grief; support in decision making; right to consent to or refuse any & all treatment - What family needs to know - how disea






20. Result of unpredictable event (Ex: injury - disaster)






21. Uses reagent substances to detect the enzyme peroxidase in the hemoglobin molecule






22. Activity - movement stimulates intestinal muscle action = peristalsis - abdominal & pelvic muscle exercises to maintain tone for intra - abdominal pressure






23. Physical: protect from potential or actual harm Emotional: Free of fear - anxiety Allow independence Explanations


24. Primary commitment to the patient; Priority is good of individual patient rather than society in general;Evaluation of competing claims of patient's autonomy & patient well - being






25. Fluid intake - at least 2000 mL daily






26. ability to break down nitrogen to excrete






27. 1. Denial & Isolation 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance


28. Frequency & amount of stools - history of diarrhea - constipation - impaction - Any abnormality of stool appearance - Use of laxatives or enemas - Dietary habits - food allergies - fluids - fiber - Amount of activity & exercise - Medications - Stress






29. Changes in attitude - values - feelings (emotional)






30. Demonstration - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials






31. Physical - genetic inheritance - age - developmental level - race - & gender - Emotional - how the mind affects body function & responds to body conditions - Intellectual - cognitive abilities - educational background - & past experiences - Environme






32. Kills organisms but not spores & is bacteriocidal - Betadine - alcohol - chlorine - Depends On what organisms & How many are present - Type of item being disinfected - Time & strength of disinfecting agent is critical






33. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa






34. Right of self - determination; informed choices for patients - right to choose






35. Backrubs- Warm / cold compresses - Auditory / visual stimuli - TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) - Acupuncture - Placebos - Analgesics - Endorphins - natural analgesic activated by stress & pain - Medications - IV - PO - PCA - Epidu






36. Integration of mental & muscular activity (physical)






37. HDL - 'good' type






38. Gradual withdrawal of mechanical ventilation from a patient with a terminal illness or an irreversible condition with a poor prognosis.






39. - Allow to verbalize feelings - fears - Do not leave alone - Include family






40. Dishonesty to alleviate patient anxiety or concern






41. Personal habits - Defecate at the same time each day - Privacy & time allotment - Positioning - sitting upright with feet on ground






42. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca


43. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






44. Body part or function






45. Disposable one - piece bags may be used at first - will have karaya or stomahesive attached - After stoma is stable - two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag w






46. Composed of clear - serous portion of the blood & from serous membranes






47. Two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag without disturbing seal on skin - bag is changed only when it leaks or seal is lost - opening in karaya should be cut 1/8






48. Nurse knows the right thing to do but factors make it difficult to follow correct course of action.






49. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious






50. Give each his/her due & act fairly