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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Changes in attitude - values - feelings (emotional)






2. Point of escape of the organism from the reservoir (Ex: Respiratory - GI - Genitourinary - break in skin)






3. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






4. Interval between pathogen's invasion of the body & the appearance of symptoms; organisms are growing & multiplying






5. Deep breathing (TCDB - Turn - Cough - Deep Breathing) - During surgery - cough reflex is suppresses - mucus accumulates - & lungs do not ventilate fully. After surgery - respirations are less effective due to anesthesia - pain meds - & pain - hyperv






6. Plantlike organisms - molds (Ex: Athlete's foot - Ringworm)






7. Mixture of serum & red blood cells






8. Integration of mental & muscular activity (physical)






9. Should be moist & red or pink if circulation is adequate - Pale or bluish indicates problem - bleeds easily (mucosa) but amount is minimal - Very edematous at first - but will shrink down to normal size as healing occurs (6-8 weeks) - Protrude above






10. supports & immobilizes a body part - helps a surgical incision helps with comfort and pain.






11. Specific signs & symptom






12. Urinary retention - inability to empty bladder






13. Inability to empty bladder






14. To restore function to traumatized or malfunctioning tissue (Ex: plastic surgery - breast reconstruction - skin graft)






15. North American Nursing Diagnosis Association is a way to define what nurses can diagnose in the nursing realm & a way to find interventions & outcomes. Nursing Diagnosis must be a NAndA approved diagnosis - NIC - Nursing Interventions Classification






16. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL






17. Medicate for pain - N/V - Rest periods before each meal - Offer mouth care prior to each meal - Be sure dentures are clean & in mouth - Offer foods patient likes & can eat - Cold - soft foods may be better tolerated - Smaller portions - More frequent






18. Recognized by others as well as patient (Ex: loss of job - spouse)






19. Diet - should include adequate fiber or bulk - Whole grains - fruits - vegetables - legumes - Eating at regular intervals helps stimulate peristalsis (gastrocolic reflex) - Food allergies or food poisoning may lead to diarrhea - Some foods cause






20. Anatomical position - Removal of soiled dressings & tubes - Who will bathe the body? - Identification tags - Personal items - Order to release body / mortuary notification - Special handling for communicable disease






21. Improves musculoskeletal system - Improves cardiovascular function - Improves circulation - tissues get oxygen & nutrients - Promotes relaxation


22. Hematest & guaiac test are chemical tests commonly used - False - positive results - from ingesting red meat - animal liver & kidneys - salmon - tuna - mackerel & sardines - tomatoes - cauliflower - horseradish - turnips - melon - bananas - & soybean






23. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






24. - Peel fruits & vegetables - Eat dry foods & foods that are piping hot & cooked thoroughly - avoid tap water - ice cubes - fruit juice - fresh salads - unpasteurized dairy products - cold sauces & toppings - open buffets - & undercooked or reheate


25. Two or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of action






26. Result of natural development






27. Legal document that protects patient - physician - & healthcare institution - Person who is performing procedure (physician) is responsible for securing consent & explaining procedure to patient - Nurse signs as a witness - signifying that patient si


28. Lecture or discussion - panel discussion - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials - programmed instruction - computer - assisted instruction programs






29. - Skin care - clean & dry - Oral & nasal care q 2 hr - Turn & reposition q 2 hr - Pain control - Maintain nutrition & hydration - Patent airway - Vision may diminish - control lighting in the room






30. Point where an organism enters a new host; GI - GU - Respiratory - break in skin or mucous membranes






31. Personal habits - Defecate at the same time each day - Privacy & time allotment - Positioning - sitting upright with feet on ground






32. Health - state of complete physical - mental - & social well being - not merely the absence of disease - Wellness - active state - oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual






33. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious






34. To make or confirm a diagnosis (Ex: breast biopsy - laparoscopy)






35. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place






36. Process of emptying the bladder






37. Collect from specimen port on drainage tubing - Cleanse with alcohol & use sterile syringe to pull out urine - Collect urine only from upper tubing - never from drainage bag - Urinalysis - collect 30 mL; Culture & Sensitivity (C&S) - collect 10 mL -






38. Equal care & rights for all






39. Health history & physical assessment within 24 hrs of surgery to identify risk factors & allergies - Identifying medications & treatments patient is currently receiving - surgery cancels all prior medication orders (Ex: no cumadin - Plavix - aspirin






40. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa






41. Provide specific instructions about kinds of healthcare that should be provide or forgone






42. Incontinence in child after toilet control expected






43. Provide information on What is happening - Provide private area to grieve - Allow family time alone with patient before & after death - if so desired - Assist with contacting mortician - May attend funeral services


44. Regular exercise






45. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca


46. Keep promises






47. Process by which healthcare providers give appropriate - uninterrupted care & facilitate the patient's transition between different setting & levels of care - Teaching patient & family - self - care - medications - Involve patient & family in care p






48. Demonstration - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials






49. Uses reagent substances to detect the enzyme peroxidase in the hemoglobin molecule






50. Wash gently with gauze or clean cloth & water - Pat dry