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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent






2. Incontinence in child after toilet control expected






3. Right of self - determination; informed choices for patients - right to choose






4. Difficulty or painful urination






5. Dishonesty to alleviate patient anxiety or concern






6. Changes in attitude - values - feelings (emotional)






7. Appoints an agent that the person trusts to make decisions in the event of subsequent incapacity.






8. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place






9. Cultural - views on healthcare - Environmental - access to healthcare - Socioeconomic - financial resources - insurance - Physical - mobility






10. Diet - should include adequate fiber or bulk - Whole grains - fruits - vegetables - legumes - Eating at regular intervals helps stimulate peristalsis (gastrocolic reflex) - Food allergies or food poisoning may lead to diarrhea - Some foods cause






11. Can be harmful if taken in large amounts - All nutrients work with others to promote good health - Adding large amounts of one vitamin can make the body believe it is deficient in another vitamin - Food is the best source of nutrients - Supplements s






12. Provide information on What is happening - Provide private area to grieve - Allow family time alone with patient before & after death - if so desired - Assist with contacting mortician - May attend funeral services

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13. Should be cut 1/8 inch larger than stoma to protect skin & avoid stoma rub - may use charcoal or other deodorizer in bag to control odor - Bismuth subgallate oral also controls odor






14. Brings small intestine to surface - usually the ileum - stool is always liquid - may drain liquid stool without any control OR - can create inverted nipple & pouch 'continent ostomy' so stool is retained until catheter is inserted to drain OR - diver






15. Felt by person but intangible to others (Ex: loss of youth - independence)






16. Patient's voluntary agreement to undergo a procedure or treatment after receiving the following information in layman's terms: Description of procedures & potential alternatives - Underlying disease process & its course - Name & qualifications of per

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17. Gradual withdrawal of mechanical ventilation from a patient with a terminal illness or an irreversible condition with a poor prognosis.






18. Palliative - to relieve or reduce intensity of an illness; is not curative (Ex: colostomy - arthroscopy - balloon angioplasties)






19. Primary commitment to the patient; Priority is good of individual patient rather than society in general;Evaluation of competing claims of patient's autonomy & patient well - being






20. Ensure that food is safe for consumption & prepared & stored properly - Never purchase food with damaged packaging - Take items that require refrigeration home immediately - Never use raw eggs in any form - Cook ground meat thoroughly; should not hav






21. Bowel sounds - auscultate every 4 hrs when patient is awake - reduced or absent; should return within 8-24 hrs after surgery - Distention - assess; esp. if bowel sounds are absent or high - pitched (could indicate paralytic ileus) - Is there an infe






22. Inability to delay need to urinate






23. Taking care of the whole person - body - mind - spirit - heart - soul - Provide best quality of life by symptom management






24. Inability to get to toilet in time or inability to recognize need to urinate






25. Inability to swallow - Pitting edema - Decreased GI & GU activity - Incontinence - Loss of motion - sensation - reflexes - Elevated temp but cold - clammy skin - Cyanosis - Lowered BP - Noisy - irregular respirations - Cheyne - Stokes - May






26. Helps increase lung volume & inflation of alveoli which Facilitates venus return; Practice prior to surgery






27. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






28. Need to void without ability to hold or delay






29. Lab / Screenings - Chest x- ray - is there fluid or anything pressing on the heart? - ECG - heart health - circulatory - ischemia - CBC - WBC's - infection - RBC's - platelets - bleeding time - Chemistry profile - Urinalysis






30. Hematest & guaiac test are chemical tests commonly used - False - positive results - from ingesting red meat - animal liver & kidneys - salmon - tuna - mackerel & sardines - tomatoes - cauliflower - horseradish - turnips - melon - bananas - & soybean






31. Interval between pathogen's invasion of the body & the appearance of symptoms; organisms are growing & multiplying






32. Respect for inherent worth & uniqueness of the individual; patient privacy & confidentiality






33. Bladder - nervous system damage






34. Goal of treatment is a comfortable dignified death & that further life - sustaining measures are no longer indicated.






35. Health - state of complete physical - mental - & social well being - not merely the absence of disease - Wellness - active state - oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual






36. Risk factors for illness - Factors in the human dimensions that influence health - illness status - Beliefs and practice - Basic human needs - Self - concept






37. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien






38. Personal habits - Defecate at the same time each day - Privacy & time allotment - Positioning - sitting upright with feet on ground






39. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa






40. Backrubs- Warm / cold compresses - Auditory / visual stimuli - TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) - Acupuncture - Placebos - Analgesics - Endorphins - natural analgesic activated by stress & pain - Medications - IV - PO - PCA - Epidu






41. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






42. Retention with leakage that exceeds bladder capacity






43. Improves venus return - respiratory function - & peristalsis - relieves skin pressure. Patient should practice before surgery






44. no harsh or abrasive cleansers - use mild soap & water - dry gently - use skin protectant products to toughen area & protect from irritating stool






45. Give each his/her due & act fairly






46. Specific signs & symptom






47. skin should be intact - free of redness - Watch for any irritation - rash - signs of infection - Erosion around stoma can cause stoma to become flat or indented






48. Works to stimulate peristalsis by distending & irritating bowel - Used to remove stool and/or flatus - relieve constipation or fecal impaction - prevent escape of fecal material during surgical procedures - promote visualization of GI tract by radiog






49. - Skin care - clean & dry - Oral & nasal care q 2 hr - Turn & reposition q 2 hr - Pain control - Maintain nutrition & hydration - Patent airway - Vision may diminish - control lighting in the room






50. Anatomical position - Removal of soiled dressings & tubes - Who will bathe the body? - Identification tags - Personal items - Order to release body / mortuary notification - Special handling for communicable disease