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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Taking care of the whole person - body - mind - spirit - heart - soul - Provide best quality of life by symptom management






2. Brings large intestine to surface Can be created anywhere along large intestine - Consistency of stool depends on how far stool travels through colon before diversion - May be able to train bowel to evacuate at same time each day - if solid stool






3. Equal care & rights for all






4. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place






5. supports & immobilizes a body part - helps a surgical incision helps with comfort and pain.






6. Anatomical position - Removal of soiled dressings & tubes - Who will bathe the body? - Identification tags - Personal items - Order to release body / mortuary notification - Special handling for communicable disease






7. Inability to get to toilet in time or inability to recognize need to urinate






8. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.






9. Increase venus return and helps prevent complications of thrombophlebitis & resultant emboli






10. Code of ethics; accountability






11. Pain reported by patient is determining factor of pain control - Assess pain q 2 hrs after major surgery - Older patient is at risk for undertreatment & overtreatment of pain






12. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL






13. Helps increase lung volume & inflation of alveoli which Facilitates venus return; Practice prior to surgery






14. Difficulty or painful urination






15. Appoints an agent that the person trusts to make decisions in the event of subsequent incapacity.






16. Improves venus return - respiratory function - & peristalsis - relieves skin pressure. Patient should practice before surgery






17. O Spiritual / Religious needs - Know & respect special ceremonies - rituals - Contact clergy to visit if patient desires






18. no harsh or abrasive cleansers - use mild soap & water - dry gently - use skin protectant products to toughen area & protect from irritating stool






19. Total Parenteral Nutrition - nutritional therapy that bypasses the GI tract for patients who are unable to take food orally; meets patient's nutritional needs by way of nutrient - filled solutions administered intravenously through a central vein






20. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation






21. Understanding & Acceptance: Involve family / friends in patient care - Establish trusting relationship - Refer to support groups

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22. Voiding too often but normal total amounts






23. In the case of cardiopulmonary or respiratory arrest - calling a code & resuscitating the patient are to be delayed until these measures will be ineffectual.






24. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent






25. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien






26. Result of natural development






27. Incontinence in child after toilet control expected






28. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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29. Wash gently with gauze or clean cloth & water - Pat dry






30. Only in animal products






31. Most significant & most commonly observed infection - causing agents in healthcare institutions






32. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic






33. Give each his/her due & act fairly






34. - Peel fruits & vegetables - Eat dry foods & foods that are piping hot & cooked thoroughly - avoid tap water - ice cubes - fruit juice - fresh salads - unpasteurized dairy products - cold sauces & toppings - open buffets - & undercooked or reheate

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35. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa






36. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






37. Current Trends in Nursing - Nursing shortage - Evidence - based practice - Community- based nursing - Decreased length of hospital stay - Aging population - Increase in chronic care conditions - Independent nursing practice - Culturally competent ca






38. Should be cut 1/8 inch larger than stoma to protect skin & avoid stoma rub - may use charcoal or other deodorizer in bag to control odor - Bismuth subgallate oral also controls odor






39. Personal emotional involvement - Need to explore own beliefs about death - Burn - out from work in areas of frequent death - Critical Care - ER - Hospice - Long Term Care






40. Helps remove mucus & is usually taught with deep breathing (esp. important for patients with increased risk of respiratory complications)






41. Works to stimulate peristalsis by distending & irritating bowel - Used to remove stool and/or flatus - relieve constipation or fecal impaction - prevent escape of fecal material during surgical procedures - promote visualization of GI tract by radiog






42. Altered self - image






43. identify factors that may place the patient at greater risk for complications during & after surgery - often conducted several days before surgery as part of pre - operative laboratory screening & teaching






44. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






45. Loss of voluntary control of urination






46. Two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag without disturbing seal on skin - bag is changed only when it leaks or seal is lost - opening in karaya should be cut 1/8






47. Fluid intake - at least 2000 mL daily






48. Can be harmful if taken in large amounts - All nutrients work with others to promote good health - Adding large amounts of one vitamin can make the body believe it is deficient in another vitamin - Food is the best source of nutrients - Supplements s






49. Risk factors for illness - Factors in the human dimensions that influence health - illness status - Beliefs and practice - Basic human needs - Self - concept






50. Oxygen; skin color - V/S - mental responsiveness; Intake & elimination of fluids;I & O - skin turgor - weight - mucous membranes; Food;weight - muscle mass - labs; Temperature;Physical activity;Rest & sleep

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