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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Absence of basic human needs results in illness - Presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health - Meeting basic human needs restores health - One feels something missing when needs are unmet - One feels satisfaction when need

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2. Increase venus return and helps prevent complications of thrombophlebitis & resultant emboli






3. Recovery period; returns to a healty state; feeling better






4. North American Nursing Diagnosis Association is a way to define what nurses can diagnose in the nursing realm & a way to find interventions & outcomes. Nursing Diagnosis must be a NAndA approved diagnosis - NIC - Nursing Interventions Classification






5. Respect for inherent worth & uniqueness of the individual; patient privacy & confidentiality






6. Dishonesty to alleviate patient anxiety or concern






7. Role modeling - discussion - panel discussion - audiovisual materials - role playing - printed materials






8. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien






9. Process of emptying the bladder






10. Regular exercise






11. Physical: protect from potential or actual harm Emotional: Free of fear - anxiety Allow independence Explanations

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12. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL






13. Composed of white blood cells - liquefied dead tissue debris - & dead & live bacteria






14. To make or confirm a diagnosis (Ex: breast biopsy - laparoscopy)






15. Cholesterol: Heredity is biggest factor in how body produces - handles - & excretes cholesterol - Type & amount of fat in diet - Saturated fats: carry cholesterol and stimulate liver to make cholesterol - Higher fat diets can elevate cholesterol blo






16. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






17. Need to void without ability to hold or delay






18. Statement of ethical obligations & duties of every person who enters practice of nursing; Non - negotiable ethical standard; Expression of nursing's own understanding of commitment to society






19. Personal emotional involvement - Need to explore own beliefs about death - Burn - out from work in areas of frequent death - Critical Care - ER - Hospice - Long Term Care






20. identify factors that may place the patient at greater risk for complications during & after surgery - often conducted several days before surgery as part of pre - operative laboratory screening & teaching






21. Physical - genetic inheritance - age - developmental level - race - & gender - Emotional - how the mind affects body function & responds to body conditions - Intellectual - cognitive abilities - educational background - & past experiences - Environme






22. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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23. Diet - should include adequate fiber or bulk - Whole grains - fruits - vegetables - legumes - Eating at regular intervals helps stimulate peristalsis (gastrocolic reflex) - Food allergies or food poisoning may lead to diarrhea - Some foods cause






24. Complete lack of control over urination






25. - Allow to verbalize feelings - fears - Do not leave alone - Include family






26. Goal of treatment is a comfortable dignified death & that further life - sustaining measures are no longer indicated.






27. Pain reported by patient is determining factor of pain control - Assess pain q 2 hrs after major surgery - Older patient is at risk for undertreatment & overtreatment of pain






28. Nurse knows the right thing to do but factors make it difficult to follow correct course of action.






29. O Spiritual / Religious needs - Know & respect special ceremonies - rituals - Contact clergy to visit if patient desires






30. Interval between pathogen's invasion of the body & the appearance of symptoms; organisms are growing & multiplying






31. Most significant & most commonly observed infection - causing agents in healthcare institutions






32. Cultural - views on healthcare - Environmental - access to healthcare - Socioeconomic - financial resources - insurance - Physical - mobility






33. Equal care & rights for all






34. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






35. Disposable one - piece bags may be used at first - will have karaya or stomahesive attached - After stoma is stable - two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag w






36. Risk factors for illness - Factors in the human dimensions that influence health - illness status - Beliefs and practice - Basic human needs - Self - concept






37. Teach patient & family that pain meds will be ordered by physician & administered by nurse - Patient should ask for pain meds before pain becomes severe - A different med can be ordered if the med does not control pain or has unpleasant side effects






38. Hand Hygiene - Wash - before & after touching patient; before & after wearing gloves - Alchohol - based handrubs - if hands are not visibly soiled - Soap & water - if hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids; wash for 15 sec






39. Incontinence in child after toilet control expected






40. Should be moist & red or pink if circulation is adequate - Pale or bluish indicates problem - bleeds easily (mucosa) but amount is minimal - Very edematous at first - but will shrink down to normal size as healing occurs (6-8 weeks) - Protrude above






41. no harsh or abrasive cleansers - use mild soap & water - dry gently - use skin protectant products to toughen area & protect from irritating stool






42. Keep promises






43. Activity - movement stimulates intestinal muscle action = peristalsis - abdominal & pelvic muscle exercises to maintain tone for intra - abdominal pressure






44. Medications - narcotics - iron preparations - chronic use of stimulant laxatives - antibiotics - Constipation or diarrhea is common side effect of meds Treat Constipation: - increasing fiber - fluids - activity - allowing time daily - may use bulk






45. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic






46. Improves venus return - respiratory function - & peristalsis - relieves skin pressure. Patient should practice before surgery






47. Works to stimulate peristalsis by distending & irritating bowel - Used to remove stool and/or flatus - relieve constipation or fecal impaction - prevent escape of fecal material during surgical procedures - promote visualization of GI tract by radiog






48. Code of ethics; accountability






49. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop






50. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks