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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Health history & physical assessment within 24 hrs of surgery to identify risk factors & allergies - Identifying medications & treatments patient is currently receiving - surgery cancels all prior medication orders (Ex: no cumadin - Plavix - aspirin






2. - Allow to verbalize feelings - fears - Do not leave alone - Include family






3. Recovery period; returns to a healty state; feeling better






4. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation to






5. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca


6. no harsh or abrasive cleansers - use mild soap & water - dry gently - use skin protectant products to toughen area & protect from irritating stool






7. Palliative - to relieve or reduce intensity of an illness; is not curative (Ex: colostomy - arthroscopy - balloon angioplasties)






8. Mixture of serum & red blood cells






9. Personal habits - Defecate at the same time each day - Privacy & time allotment - Positioning - sitting upright with feet on ground






10. Physical - genetic inheritance - age - developmental level - race - & gender - Emotional - how the mind affects body function & responds to body conditions - Intellectual - cognitive abilities - educational background - & past experiences - Environme






11. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent






12. For bowel diversions that bring portion of small or large intestine to abdominal surface for stool elimination - Permanent or temporary diversion - If permanent - may do abdominal - perineal resection to close off rectum & anal area (esp. if cancer i






13. So patient should be taught to splint the incision (support with pillow or folded bath blanket) & cough during period after pain medication has been administered






14. Teach patient & family that pain meds will be ordered by physician & administered by nurse - Patient should ask for pain meds before pain becomes severe - A different med can be ordered if the med does not control pain or has unpleasant side effects






15. Equal care & rights for all






16. Improves musculoskeletal system - Improves cardiovascular function - Improves circulation - tissues get oxygen & nutrients - Promotes relaxation


17. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






18. Primary commitment to the patient; Priority is good of individual patient rather than society in general;Evaluation of competing claims of patient's autonomy & patient well - being






19. Composed of white blood cells - liquefied dead tissue debris - & dead & live bacteria






20. Result of natural development






21. Bladder - nervous system damage






22. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious






23. In the case of cardiopulmonary or respiratory arrest - calling a code & resuscitating the patient are to be delayed until these measures will be ineffectual.






24. Keep promises






25. Rapid onset - lasts short period of time






26. Build - up of fat - cholesterol & calcium on inside of artery walls - Leads to hardening of walls with loss of elasticity or ability to expand fully - Plaque build up roughens walls so clotting factors can stick to walls - Plaque narrows lumen of art






27. Developmental considerations - child has limited understanding but needs to grieve - Family - Who has died - Socioeconomics - financial burden or loss; Cause of Death - Culture - Gender - Religion






28. Two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag without disturbing seal on skin - bag is changed only when it leaks or seal is lost - opening in karaya should be cut 1/8






29. ability to break down nitrogen to excrete






30. - Peel fruits & vegetables - Eat dry foods & foods that are piping hot & cooked thoroughly - avoid tap water - ice cubes - fruit juice - fresh salads - unpasteurized dairy products - cold sauces & toppings - open buffets - & undercooked or reheate


31. Fluid intake - at least 2000 mL daily






32. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






33. Uses reagent substances to detect the enzyme peroxidase in the hemoglobin molecule






34. Helps remove mucus & is usually taught with deep breathing (esp. important for patients with increased risk of respiratory complications)






35. Hand Hygiene - Wash - before & after touching patient; before & after wearing gloves - Alchohol - based handrubs - if hands are not visibly soiled - Soap & water - if hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids; wash for 15 sec






36. Demonstration - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials






37. Right of self - determination; informed choices for patients - right to choose






38. Inability to delay need to urinate






39. Regular exercise






40. Do - not - resuscitate - an order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest - Nurse is obligated to attempt CPR if there is no DNR order - Nurse should clarify the patient's code status: if th


41. Cholesterol: Heredity is biggest factor in how body produces - handles - & excretes cholesterol - Type & amount of fat in diet - Saturated fats: carry cholesterol and stimulate liver to make cholesterol - Higher fat diets can elevate cholesterol blo






42. North American Nursing Diagnosis Association is a way to define what nurses can diagnose in the nursing realm & a way to find interventions & outcomes. Nursing Diagnosis must be a NAndA approved diagnosis - NIC - Nursing Interventions Classification






43. Urinary retention - inability to empty bladder






44. Code of ethics; accountability






45. Process of emptying the bladder






46. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop






47. Oxygen; skin color - V/S - mental responsiveness; Intake & elimination of fluids;I & O - skin turgor - weight - mucous membranes; Food;weight - muscle mass - labs; Temperature;Physical activity;Rest & sleep


48. Patient's voluntary agreement to undergo a procedure or treatment after receiving the following information in layman's terms: Description of procedures & potential alternatives - Underlying disease process & its course - Name & qualifications of per


49. Sterile technique; practices that render & keep objects & areas free from microorganisms






50. Pain reported by patient is determining factor of pain control - Assess pain q 2 hrs after major surgery - Older patient is at risk for undertreatment & overtreatment of pain