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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent






2. Hand Hygiene - Wash - before & after touching patient; before & after wearing gloves - Alchohol - based handrubs - if hands are not visibly soiled - Soap & water - if hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids; wash for 15 sec






3. Storing & recalling of new knowledge (brain)






4. Personal emotional involvement - Need to explore own beliefs about death - Burn - out from work in areas of frequent death - Critical Care - ER - Hospice - Long Term Care






5. Composed of white blood cells - liquefied dead tissue debris - & dead & live bacteria






6. Must be done immediately to preserve life - a body part - or function






7. Total Parenteral Nutrition - nutritional therapy that bypasses the GI tract for patients who are unable to take food orally; meets patient's nutritional needs by way of nutrient - filled solutions administered intravenously through a central vein






8. Inability to delay need to urinate






9. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation to






10. ability to excrete excess nitrogen






11. Respect for inherent worth & uniqueness of the individual; patient privacy & confidentiality






12. Procedure that is preplanned & based on the patient's choice & availability of scheduling for the patient - surgeon - & facility; Non - urgent; does not have to be done immediately






13. Provide information on What is happening - Provide private area to grieve - Allow family time alone with patient before & after death - if so desired - Assist with contacting mortician - May attend funeral services


14. Kills organisms but not spores & is bacteriocidal - Betadine - alcohol - chlorine - Depends On what organisms & How many are present - Type of item being disinfected - Time & strength of disinfecting agent is critical






15. Demonstration - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials






16. Build - up of fat - cholesterol & calcium on inside of artery walls - Leads to hardening of walls with loss of elasticity or ability to expand fully - Plaque build up roughens walls so clotting factors can stick to walls - Plaque narrows lumen of art






17. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






18. Point of escape of the organism from the reservoir (Ex: Respiratory - GI - Genitourinary - break in skin)






19. Ensure that food is safe for consumption & prepared & stored properly - Never purchase food with damaged packaging - Take items that require refrigeration home immediately - Never use raw eggs in any form - Cook ground meat thoroughly; should not hav






20. Medications - narcotics - iron preparations - chronic use of stimulant laxatives - antibiotics - Constipation or diarrhea is common side effect of meds Treat Constipation: - increasing fiber - fluids - activity - allowing time daily - may use bulk






21. Most significant & most commonly observed infection - causing agents in healthcare institutions






22. Death expected within a limited period of time - What patient needs to know - how disease will progress; go through stages of grief; support in decision making; right to consent to or refuse any & all treatment - What family needs to know - how disea






23. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






24. Goal of treatment is a comfortable dignified death & that further life - sustaining measures are no longer indicated.






25. Health history & physical assessment within 24 hrs of surgery to identify risk factors & allergies - Identifying medications & treatments patient is currently receiving - surgery cancels all prior medication orders (Ex: no cumadin - Plavix - aspirin






26. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien






27. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious






28. Respect values & beliefs - Role change - Body image change - Encourage to set attainable goals - Facilitate support from family / friends






29. Disposable one - piece bags may be used at first - will have karaya or stomahesive attached - After stoma is stable - two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag w






30. Role modeling - discussion - panel discussion - audiovisual materials - role playing - printed materials






31. Sense of hopefulness - participation in decisions - expression of feelings & emotions - Not die alone - religious or spiritual needs - honesty


32. provided for people with limited life expectancy - often in the home - focuses on the needs of the dying - comfort & dignity; encompasses biomedical - psychosocial - & spiritual aspects






33. Brings small intestine to surface - usually the ileum - stool is always liquid - may drain liquid stool without any control OR - can create inverted nipple & pouch 'continent ostomy' so stool is retained until catheter is inserted to drain OR - diver






34. Benefit the patient.






35. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care






36. HDL - 'good' type






37. Improves venus return - respiratory function - & peristalsis - relieves skin pressure. Patient should practice before surgery






38. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place






39. Statement of ethical obligations & duties of every person who enters practice of nursing; Non - negotiable ethical standard; Expression of nursing's own understanding of commitment to society






40. Can be harmful if taken in large amounts - All nutrients work with others to promote good health - Adding large amounts of one vitamin can make the body believe it is deficient in another vitamin - Food is the best source of nutrients - Supplements s






41. Nurse knows the right thing to do but factors make it difficult to follow correct course of action.






42. Mixture of serum & red blood cells






43. Body part or function






44. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa






45. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






46. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop






47. ability to break down nitrogen to excrete






48. Pain reported by patient is determining factor of pain control - Assess pain q 2 hrs after major surgery - Older patient is at risk for undertreatment & overtreatment of pain






49. Should be cut 1/8 inch larger than stoma to protect skin & avoid stoma rub - may use charcoal or other deodorizer in bag to control odor - Bismuth subgallate oral also controls odor






50. Altered self - image