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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. To restore function to traumatized or malfunctioning tissue (Ex: plastic surgery - breast reconstruction - skin graft)






2. Procedure that is preplanned & based on the patient's choice & availability of scheduling for the patient - surgeon - & facility; Non - urgent; does not have to be done immediately






3. Difficulty or painful urination






4. Deep breathing (TCDB - Turn - Cough - Deep Breathing) - During surgery - cough reflex is suppresses - mucus accumulates - & lungs do not ventilate fully. After surgery - respirations are less effective due to anesthesia - pain meds - & pain - hyperv






5. Lecture or discussion - panel discussion - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials - programmed instruction - computer - assisted instruction programs






6. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL






7. Health - state of complete physical - mental - & social well being - not merely the absence of disease - Wellness - active state - oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual


8. ability to excrete excess nitrogen






9. Fluid intake - at least 2000 mL daily






10. Loss that is yet to come






11. Inability to swallow - Pitting edema - Decreased GI & GU activity - Incontinence - Loss of motion - sensation - reflexes - Elevated temp but cold - clammy skin - Cyanosis - Lowered BP - Noisy - irregular respirations - Cheyne - Stokes - May






12. Sterile technique; practices that render & keep objects & areas free from microorganisms






13. Frequency that occurs during sleeping hours






14. ability to break down nitrogen to excrete






15. 1. Denial & Isolation 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance


16. Reach full potential through development of capabilities - Continues throughout life: Acceptance of self & others as they are -






17. Disposable one - piece bags may be used at first - will have karaya or stomahesive attached - After stoma is stable - two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag w






18. Specific signs & symptom






19. To remove a diseased body part (Ex: appendectomy - amputation)






20. Two or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of action






21. Medications - narcotics - iron preparations - chronic use of stimulant laxatives - antibiotics - Constipation or diarrhea is common side effect of meds Treat Constipation: - increasing fiber - fluids - activity - allowing time daily - may use bulk






22. A tool nurses use to think critically - solve problems - & evaluate the way they care for patients. Dynamic - systematic or ever changing - depending on patient & all variables that impact patient - Helps nurse think about outcomes for patients & is






23. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic






24. Frequency & amount of stools - history of diarrhea - constipation - impaction - Any abnormality of stool appearance - Use of laxatives or enemas - Dietary habits - food allergies - fluids - fiber - Amount of activity & exercise - Medications - Stress






25. Helps remove mucus & is usually taught with deep breathing (esp. important for patients with increased risk of respiratory complications)






26. Can be harmful if taken in large amounts - All nutrients work with others to promote good health - Adding large amounts of one vitamin can make the body believe it is deficient in another vitamin - Food is the best source of nutrients - Supplements s






27. Process of emptying the bladder






28. skin should be intact - free of redness - Watch for any irritation - rash - signs of infection - Erosion around stoma can cause stoma to become flat or indented






29. Point where an organism enters a new host; GI - GU - Respiratory - break in skin or mucous membranes






30. Understanding & Acceptance: Involve family / friends in patient care - Establish trusting relationship - Refer to support groups


31. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






32. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






33. Physical: protect from potential or actual harm Emotional: Free of fear - anxiety Allow independence Explanations


34. Recognized by others as well as patient (Ex: loss of job - spouse)






35. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent






36. - Allow to verbalize feelings - fears - Do not leave alone - Include family






37. Allow individual to state in advance What their choices would be should certain circumstances develop






38. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.






39. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca


40. Most significant & most commonly observed infection - causing agents in healthcare institutions






41. Act for patient without their consent; Overrides patient autonomy; Nurse decides What is in best interest of patient






42. Bowel sounds - auscultate every 4 hrs when patient is awake - reduced or absent; should return within 8-24 hrs after surgery - Distention - assess; esp. if bowel sounds are absent or high - pitched (could indicate paralytic ileus) - Is there an infe






43. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa






44. Interval between pathogen's invasion of the body & the appearance of symptoms; organisms are growing & multiplying






45. Palliative - to relieve or reduce intensity of an illness; is not curative (Ex: colostomy - arthroscopy - balloon angioplasties)






46. Goal of treatment is a comfortable dignified death & that further life - sustaining measures are no longer indicated.






47. Two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag without disturbing seal on skin - bag is changed only when it leaks or seal is lost - opening in karaya should be cut 1/8






48. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






49. Death expected within a limited period of time - What patient needs to know - how disease will progress; go through stages of grief; support in decision making; right to consent to or refuse any & all treatment - What family needs to know - how disea






50. Provide specific instructions about kinds of healthcare that should be provide or forgone