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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Need to void without ability to hold or delay






2. Provide specific instructions about kinds of healthcare that should be provide or forgone






3. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic






4. Helps increase lung volume & inflation of alveoli which Facilitates venus return; Practice prior to surgery






5. Disposable one - piece bags may be used at first - will have karaya or stomahesive attached - After stoma is stable - two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag w






6. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge






7. Absence of basic human needs results in illness - Presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health - Meeting basic human needs restores health - One feels something missing when needs are unmet - One feels satisfaction when need

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8. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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9. Appoints an agent that the person trusts to make decisions in the event of subsequent incapacity.






10. - Skin care - clean & dry - Oral & nasal care q 2 hr - Turn & reposition q 2 hr - Pain control - Maintain nutrition & hydration - Patent airway - Vision may diminish - control lighting in the room






11. skin should be intact - free of redness - Watch for any irritation - rash - signs of infection - Erosion around stoma can cause stoma to become flat or indented






12. Changes in attitude - values - feelings (emotional)






13. Integration of mental & muscular activity (physical)






14. Cultural - views on healthcare - Environmental - access to healthcare - Socioeconomic - financial resources - insurance - Physical - mobility






15. Do - not - resuscitate - an order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest - Nurse is obligated to attempt CPR if there is no DNR order - Nurse should clarify the patient's code status: if th

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16. Inability to empty bladder






17. Salmonella bacillus from raw eggs or chicken - Bacterial enteropathogens - viruses - or parasites - cause Traveler's diarrhea - Undercooked meat






18. Inability to swallow - Pitting edema - Decreased GI & GU activity - Incontinence - Loss of motion - sensation - reflexes - Elevated temp but cold - clammy skin - Cyanosis - Lowered BP - Noisy - irregular respirations - Cheyne - Stokes - May






19. Kills organisms but not spores & is bacteriocidal - Betadine - alcohol - chlorine - Depends On what organisms & How many are present - Type of item being disinfected - Time & strength of disinfecting agent is critical






20. Physical: protect from potential or actual harm Emotional: Free of fear - anxiety Allow independence Explanations

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21. Ensure that food is safe for consumption & prepared & stored properly - Never purchase food with damaged packaging - Take items that require refrigeration home immediately - Never use raw eggs in any form - Cook ground meat thoroughly; should not hav






22. Uses reagent substances to detect the enzyme peroxidase in the hemoglobin molecule






23. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






24. Lecture or discussion - panel discussion - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials - programmed instruction - computer - assisted instruction programs






25. Leakage when coughing - sneezing - or increased intra - abdominal pressure






26. 1. Denial & Isolation 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance

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27. Combination of Power of Attorney for Healthcare & Living Will






28. Process by which healthcare providers give appropriate - uninterrupted care & facilitate the patient's transition between different setting & levels of care - Teaching patient & family - self - care - medications - Involve patient & family in care p






29. Brings large intestine to surface Can be created anywhere along large intestine - Consistency of stool depends on how far stool travels through colon before diversion - May be able to train bowel to evacuate at same time each day - if solid stool






30. Taking care of the whole person - body - mind - spirit - heart - soul - Provide best quality of life by symptom management






31. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






32. Patients who require in - hospital care are more acutely ill or injured than in the past - Length of stay has decreased; Often leads to re - admissions - Nurses in hospitals must have knowledge & skills to perform complex care to very ill patients






33. Backrubs- Warm / cold compresses - Auditory / visual stimuli - TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) - Acupuncture - Placebos - Analgesics - Endorphins - natural analgesic activated by stress & pain - Medications - IV - PO - PCA - Epidu






34. In the case of cardiopulmonary or respiratory arrest - calling a code & resuscitating the patient are to be delayed until these measures will be ineffectual.






35. Body part or function






36. Incontinence in child after toilet control expected






37. Keep promises






38. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent






39. Regular exercise






40. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL






41. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care






42. no harsh or abrasive cleansers - use mild soap & water - dry gently - use skin protectant products to toughen area & protect from irritating stool






43. Point where an organism enters a new host; GI - GU - Respiratory - break in skin or mucous membranes






44. Plantlike organisms - molds (Ex: Athlete's foot - Ringworm)






45. Should be moist & red or pink if circulation is adequate - Pale or bluish indicates problem - bleeds easily (mucosa) but amount is minimal - Very edematous at first - but will shrink down to normal size as healing occurs (6-8 weeks) - Protrude above






46. ability to break down nitrogen to excrete






47. Brings small intestine to surface - usually the ileum - stool is always liquid - may drain liquid stool without any control OR - can create inverted nipple & pouch 'continent ostomy' so stool is retained until catheter is inserted to drain OR - diver






48. - Peel fruits & vegetables - Eat dry foods & foods that are piping hot & cooked thoroughly - avoid tap water - ice cubes - fruit juice - fresh salads - unpasteurized dairy products - cold sauces & toppings - open buffets - & undercooked or reheate

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49. Demonstration - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials






50. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place