Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Result of natural development
Stoma Care Cleansing
Maturational loss
Definition of acute illness
Virus


2. Lab / Screenings - Chest x- ray - is there fluid or anything pressing on the heart? - ECG - heart health - circulatory - ischemia - CBC - WBC's - infection - RBC's - platelets - bleeding time - Chemistry profile - Urinalysis
Ways to help a patient manage pain
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare
What happens during the pre - op phase of surgery
How to prevent 'travelers diarrhea'


3. Do - not - resuscitate - an order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest - Nurse is obligated to attempt CPR if there is no DNR order - Nurse should clarify the patient's code status: if th

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4. Obtaining complete proteins - soy products
Current changes in the healthcare delivery system (chronic diseases - aging population - etc.)
What is adpie & why do we use it
Factors affecting a vegan diet
Post - operative complications Coughing


5. So patient should be taught to splint the incision (support with pillow or folded bath blanket) & cough during period after pain medication has been administered
Post - operative complications Often painful
Affective learning
Pallative Care
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs & Meeting Basic Human Needs and how it's used to treat patients.


6. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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7. Loss of voluntary control of urination
Overflow Incontinence
chronic illness
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern
Incontinence


8. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.
Maturational loss
Surgical classifications: Urgent
Perceived loss
'informed consent'


9. Felt by person but intangible to others (Ex: loss of youth - independence)
TPN
Portal of Entry
Living Wills
Perceived loss


10. Uses reagent substances to detect the enzyme peroxidase in the hemoglobin molecule
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Safety and Security
During Peristomal Bag or Applaince change - opening in karaya
Fecal Occult Blood Test
Questions to ask during an abdominal health history


11. To restore function to traumatized or malfunctioning tissue (Ex: plastic surgery - breast reconstruction - skin graft)
How one provides continuity of care
Reconstructive surgery
Ways to prevent food poisoning
Anticipatory loss


12. - Skin care - clean & dry - Oral & nasal care q 2 hr - Turn & reposition q 2 hr - Pain control - Maintain nutrition & hydration - Patent airway - Vision may diminish - control lighting in the room
How to prevent 'travelers diarrhea'
Nursing Interventions to promote post - operative bowel elimination needs.
How a nurse can meet the physical needs of a dying patient
Hospice Care


13. Frequency & amount of stools - history of diarrhea - constipation - impaction - Any abnormality of stool appearance - Use of laxatives or enemas - Dietary habits - food allergies - fluids - fiber - Amount of activity & exercise - Medications - Stress
Questions to ask during an abdominal health history
Portal of Entry
Factors affecting UTI's
Ways to help a patient manage pain


14. Retention with leakage that exceeds bladder capacity
Characteristics of a colostomy
Patient teaching regarding post operative pain management.
ostomy
Overflow Incontinence


15. Oxygen; skin color - V/S - mental responsiveness; Intake & elimination of fluids;I & O - skin turgor - weight - mucous membranes; Food;weight - muscle mass - labs; Temperature;Physical activity;Rest & sleep

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16. Delay or problem starting urinary stream
Actual loss
Stages of Kubler - Ross's psychosocial responses to grief & loss
Hesitancy - Altered urine pattern
Purulent wound drainage


17. Current Trends in Nursing - Nursing shortage - Evidence - based practice - Community- based nursing - Decreased length of hospital stay - Aging population - Increase in chronic care conditions - Independent nursing practice - Culturally competent ca
Dying patient's Bill of Rights
Current changes in the healthcare delivery system (chronic diseases - aging population - etc.)
Reservoir
Actual loss


18. Death expected within a limited period of time - What patient needs to know - how disease will progress; go through stages of grief; support in decision making; right to consent to or refuse any & all treatment - What family needs to know - how disea
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
What is length of stay & How do we control it?
Combination Directive
Terminal Illness


19. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)
Challenges to health care access
Fidelity
Post - operative complications Incentive Spirometry
Virus


20. - Allow to verbalize feelings - fears - Do not leave alone - Include family
Palliative surgery
How a nurse provides psychological support to a dying patient
Factors affecting UTI's
Nursing considerations for peristomal care.


21. Must be done immediately to preserve life - a body part - or function
Post - operative complications Often painful
Total (reflex) Incontinence
Surgical Classification - emergent
Abdominal physical assessment


22. Point of escape of the organism from the reservoir (Ex: Respiratory - GI - Genitourinary - break in skin)
Ethical dilemma
Surgicale Classification - elective
Where dietary intake of cholesterol can be found
Portal of Exit


23. North American Nursing Diagnosis Association is a way to define what nurses can diagnose in the nursing realm & a way to find interventions & outcomes. Nursing Diagnosis must be a NAndA approved diagnosis - NIC - Nursing Interventions Classification
Palliative surgery
Ways to help a patient manage pain
How to review - assess and develop a nursing diagnosis based on patients clinical presentation.
Factors affecting grief and dying


24. Inability to get to toilet in time or inability to recognize need to urinate
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self - Actualization
chronic illness
Factors Affecting Health Status - Beliefs - & Practices
Functional Incontinence


25. Provide information on What is happening - Provide private area to grieve - Allow family time alone with patient before & after death - if so desired - Assist with contacting mortician - May attend funeral services

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26. Should be moist & red or pink if circulation is adequate - Pale or bluish indicates problem - bleeds easily (mucosa) but amount is minimal - Very edematous at first - but will shrink down to normal size as healing occurs (6-8 weeks) - Protrude above
Stoma Care Cleansing
Hesitancy - Altered urine pattern
Patient Teaching necessary to prevent potential post - operative complications.
Stoma Care Assessments


27. Disposable one - piece bags may be used at first - will have karaya or stomahesive attached - After stoma is stable - two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag w
Affective teaching strategy
Peristomal Bag or Applicance changes
How to prevent 'travelers diarrhea'
Hospice Care


28. Absence of basic human needs results in illness - Presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health - Meeting basic human needs restores health - One feels something missing when needs are unmet - One feels satisfaction when need

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29. Inspect
Characteristics of a colostomy
Justice
Abdominal physical assessment
Effects of cholesterol on patients nutritional status


30. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge
Nonmaleficence
Pre - operative assessment includes
Cognitive learning
Actual loss


31. Cultural - views on healthcare - Environmental - access to healthcare - Socioeconomic - financial resources - insurance - Physical - mobility
Virus
Challenges to health care access
Factors affecting grief and dying
Nocturia - Altered urine pattern


32. Medications - narcotics - iron preparations - chronic use of stimulant laxatives - antibiotics - Constipation or diarrhea is common side effect of meds Treat Constipation: - increasing fiber - fluids - activity - allowing time daily - may use bulk
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Surgical Classification - emergent
Advance Directives
Overflow Incontinence


33. Hematest & guaiac test are chemical tests commonly used - False - positive results - from ingesting red meat - animal liver & kidneys - salmon - tuna - mackerel & sardines - tomatoes - cauliflower - horseradish - turnips - melon - bananas - & soybean
Stress Incontinence
Surgicale Classification - elective
Test used for determng blood in stool
Fungi


34. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic
Fecal Occult Blood Test
What antiseptic does
Post - operative complications Turning in bed
During Peristomal Bag or Applaince change - opening in karaya


35. Health - state of complete physical - mental - & social well being - not merely the absence of disease - Wellness - active state - oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual
Peristomal Skin Care Cleansing
Factors that affect a patients health state
Characteristics of a colostomy
How vitamins can affect a patients nutritional state


36. Patient's voluntary agreement to undergo a procedure or treatment after receiving the following information in layman's terms: Description of procedures & potential alternatives - Underlying disease process & its course - Name & qualifications of per

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37. Role modeling - discussion - panel discussion - audiovisual materials - role playing - printed materials
Factors affecting grief and dying
Autonomy
Bacteria
Affective teaching strategy


38. Two or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of action
Ethical dilemma
Urge Incontinence
Situational loss
Ablative surgery


39. Process by which healthcare providers give appropriate - uninterrupted care & facilitate the patient's transition between different setting & levels of care - Teaching patient & family - self - care - medications - Involve patient & family in care p
How one provides continuity of care
Susceptibility
TPN
Causes of food poisoning


40. Interval between pathogen's invasion of the body & the appearance of symptoms; organisms are growing & multiplying
Human dignity
Incubation period
Factors affecting grief and dying
Ways to prevent food poisoning


41. Increase venus return and helps prevent complications of thrombophlebitis & resultant emboli
Post - operative complications Leg exercises
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.
Signs of patient nearing death
Ethical distress


42. ability to break down nitrogen to excrete
Affective learning
Liver disease effects on nutritional status of a patient
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self - Actualization
Stoma Care Assessments


43. Medicate for pain - N/V - Rest periods before each meal - Offer mouth care prior to each meal - Be sure dentures are clean & in mouth - Offer foods patient likes & can eat - Cold - soft foods may be better tolerated - Smaller portions - More frequent
Incontinence
Human Dimensions of Health
How to stimulate a patients appetite
Full stage of illness


44. Pain reported by patient is determining factor of pain control - Assess pain q 2 hrs after major surgery - Older patient is at risk for undertreatment & overtreatment of pain
What antiseptic does
Patient teaching necessary for post - operative pain control - Management of acute surgical pain.
Terminal Illness
Portal of Entry


45. Loss that is yet to come
Actual loss
Ways to prevent food poisoning
What a nurse needs to do about the spiritual needs of a dying patient
Anticipatory loss


46. Inability to delay need to urinate
Urge Incontinence
Virus
urinary retention
Portal of Exit


47. Improves musculoskeletal system - Improves cardiovascular function - Improves circulation - tissues get oxygen & nutrients - Promotes relaxation

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48. Act for patient without their consent; Overrides patient autonomy; Nurse decides What is in best interest of patient
Nursing Ethics
Paternalism
Pre - operative assessment includes
Ways to prevent or treat constipation


49. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care
Cognitive teaching strategy
Autonomy
chronic illness
Patient Teaching necessary to prevent potential post - operative complications.


50. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien
Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen)
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
What is length of stay & How do we control it?
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.