Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Provide information on What is happening - Provide private area to grieve - Allow family time alone with patient before & after death - if so desired - Assist with contacting mortician - May attend funeral services

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2. Need to void without ability to hold or delay
Incubation period
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Urgency - Altered urine pattern
Cognitive teaching strategy


3. Collect from specimen port on drainage tubing - Cleanse with alcohol & use sterile syringe to pull out urine - Collect urine only from upper tubing - never from drainage bag - Urinalysis - collect 30 mL; Culture & Sensitivity (C&S) - collect 10 mL -
Fungi
Catheter Urine Specimen procedure
How a nurse provides psychological support to a dying patient
Hospice Care


4. Palliative - to relieve or reduce intensity of an illness; is not curative (Ex: colostomy - arthroscopy - balloon angioplasties)
Autonomy
Palliative surgery
cleasing enema
Susceptible Host


5. Diet - should include adequate fiber or bulk - Whole grains - fruits - vegetables - legumes - Eating at regular intervals helps stimulate peristalsis (gastrocolic reflex) - Food allergies or food poisoning may lead to diarrhea - Some foods cause
Bacteria
Cognitive learning
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.
Ways to prevent or treat constipation


6. Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen): obtain correct container & preservative or ice if needed - Instruct patient/family about collection - Begin with empty bladder - end with empty bladder - Have patient void before beginning - Have patien
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare
Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen)
Terminal Illness
Autonomy


7. Process by which healthcare providers give appropriate - uninterrupted care & facilitate the patient's transition between different setting & levels of care - Teaching patient & family - self - care - medications - Involve patient & family in care p
Reasons a patient not have an appetite.
How one provides continuity of care
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Physiologic Needs - essential to life
Surgical asepsis


8. Altered self - image
micturition - urination - or voiding
Psychological loss
Definition of acute illness
Cognitive learning


9. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge
Nonmaleficence
Ileostomy -
Factors that affect a patients health state
Challenges to health care access


10. Health history & physical assessment within 24 hrs of surgery to identify risk factors & allergies - Identifying medications & treatments patient is currently receiving - surgery cancels all prior medication orders (Ex: no cumadin - Plavix - aspirin
Current changes in the healthcare delivery system (chronic diseases - aging population - etc.)
Prodromal stage (most infectious stage)
Pre - operative assessment includes
Enuresis


11. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic
What antiseptic does
Stages of Kubler - Ross's psychosocial responses to grief & loss
Convalescent period
Nursing considerations for peristomal care.


12. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin
Clean Catch Specimen Collection
Peristomal Bag or Applicance changes
Full stage of illness
Post - operative complications Turning in bed


13. Total Parenteral Nutrition - nutritional therapy that bypasses the GI tract for patients who are unable to take food orally; meets patient's nutritional needs by way of nutrient - filled solutions administered intravenously through a central vein
Hesitancy - Altered urine pattern
How to review - assess and develop a nursing diagnosis based on patients clinical presentation.
TPN
What is length of stay & How do we control it?


14. Inability to delay need to urinate
Community Factors Affecting Health
Medical Asepsis - clean technique
Urge Incontinence
Stages of Kubler - Ross's psychosocial responses to grief & loss


15. Respect values & beliefs - Role change - Body image change - Encourage to set attainable goals - Facilitate support from family / friends
During Peristomal Bag or Applaince change - opening in karaya
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self Esteem
Maturational loss


16. Point where an organism enters a new host; GI - GU - Respiratory - break in skin or mucous membranes
Purulent wound drainage
Portal of Entry
Enuresis
Liver disease effects on nutritional status of a patient


17. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.
Social Justice
Catheter Urine Specimen procedure
Surgical classifications: Urgent
DNR and the nurse's duty


18. Lab / Screenings - Chest x- ray - is there fluid or anything pressing on the heart? - ECG - heart health - circulatory - ischemia - CBC - WBC's - infection - RBC's - platelets - bleeding time - Chemistry profile - Urinalysis
Nursing Interventions to promote post - operative urinary elimination needs.
Components of a clear liquid diet
How does renal disease affect a patients nutrional health
What happens during the pre - op phase of surgery


19. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent
Advocacy
Actual loss
Susceptible Host
Post - operative complications Leg exercises


20. Two or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of action
Ethical dilemma
Susceptible Host
Atherosclerosis effects on nutritional status of patient
Reservoir


21. Lecture or discussion - panel discussion - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials - programmed instruction - computer - assisted instruction programs
Cognitive teaching strategy
Pre - operative assessment includes
Peristomal Skin Care Cleansing
Ways to prevent food poisoning


22. Risk factors for illness - Factors in the human dimensions that influence health - illness status - Beliefs and practice - Basic human needs - Self - concept
Factors Affecting Health Status - Beliefs - & Practices
What antiseptic does
What is adpie & why do we use it
Sanguineous wound drainage


23. Recognized by others as well as patient (Ex: loss of job - spouse)
Susceptibility
Peristomal Skin Care Assessments
Ethical distress
Actual loss


24. Must be done immediately to preserve life - a body part - or function
Purulent wound drainage
Paternalism
Reconstructive surgery
Surgical Classification - emergent


25. skin should be intact - free of redness - Watch for any irritation - rash - signs of infection - Erosion around stoma can cause stoma to become flat or indented
Peristomal Skin Care Assessments
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Retention - Altered urine pattern
Signs of patient nearing death


26. Difficulty or painful urination
Perceived loss
What is length of stay & How do we control it?
Dysuria - Altered urine pattern
Clean Catch Specimen Collection


27. Changes in attitude - values - feelings (emotional)
Hesitancy - Altered urine pattern
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Affective learning
Urge Incontinence


28. Oxygen; skin color - V/S - mental responsiveness; Intake & elimination of fluids;I & O - skin turgor - weight - mucous membranes; Food;weight - muscle mass - labs; Temperature;Physical activity;Rest & sleep

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29. Loss of voluntary control of urination
Factors affecting grief and dying
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern
Incontinence
Dysuria - Altered urine pattern


30. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks
Surgical asepsis
Human dignity
Risk Factors for AlteresFmily health.
pre - operative assessments & screenings


31. Combination of Power of Attorney for Healthcare & Living Will
Combination Directive
Factors that affect a patients health state
What happens during the pre - op phase of surgery
Causes of food poisoning


32. Personal habits - Defecate at the same time each day - Privacy & time allotment - Positioning - sitting upright with feet on ground
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Pallative Care
Ways to prevent food poisoning


33. Helps increase lung volume & inflation of alveoli which Facilitates venus return; Practice prior to surgery
Convalescent period
Post - operative complications Incentive Spirometry
Hesitancy - Altered urine pattern
Timed specimen collections (24- hour specimen)


34. Current Trends in Nursing - Nursing shortage - Evidence - based practice - Community- based nursing - Decreased length of hospital stay - Aging population - Increase in chronic care conditions - Independent nursing practice - Culturally competent ca
Cognitive teaching strategy
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Stages of Kubler - Ross's psychosocial responses to grief & loss
Current changes in the healthcare delivery system (chronic diseases - aging population - etc.)


35. Most significant & most commonly observed infection - causing agents in healthcare institutions
Bacteria
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Physiologic Needs - essential to life
What a nurse needs to do about the spiritual needs of a dying patient
Current changes in the healthcare delivery system (chronic diseases - aging population - etc.)


36. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL
Most effective way to prevent spread of organisms
Advance Directives
Nursing Interventions to promote post - operative urinary elimination needs.
Ways to prevent food poisoning


37. Provide specific instructions about kinds of healthcare that should be provide or forgone
ANA code for nurses - ethical & professional standards for a nurse to follow.
What happens during the pre - op phase of surgery
Symptoms of UTI
Living Wills


38. Wash gently with gauze or clean cloth & water - Pat dry
Patient Teaching necessary to prevent potential post - operative complications.
Stoma Care Cleansing
Post - operative complications Often painful
Post - operative complications Coughing


39. Death expected within a limited period of time - What patient needs to know - how disease will progress; go through stages of grief; support in decision making; right to consent to or refuse any & all treatment - What family needs to know - how disea
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.
Stoma Bag/Appliance changes
Terminal Illness
Nursing Interventions to promote post - operative urinary elimination needs.


40. Leakage when coughing - sneezing - or increased intra - abdominal pressure
Stress Incontinence
Beneficence
What a nurse needs to do about the spiritual needs of a dying patient
Enuresis


41. Sterile technique; practices that render & keep objects & areas free from microorganisms
Social Justice
Community Factors Affecting Health
Autonomy
Surgical asepsis


42. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place
Community Factors Affecting Health
Nursing Consideratins for stoma care
What happens during the pre - op phase of surgery
Medical Asepsis - clean technique


43. A natural habitat of an organism (Ex: other humans - animals - soil - inanimate objects - water - milk - food)
Questions to ask during an abdominal health history
Clean Catch Specimen Collection
Symptoms of UTI
Reservoir


44. Health - state of complete physical - mental - & social well being - not merely the absence of disease - Wellness - active state - oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual

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45. Do - not - resuscitate - an order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest - Nurse is obligated to attempt CPR if there is no DNR order - Nurse should clarify the patient's code status: if th

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46. Give each his/her due & act fairly
Justice
Patient teaching regarding post operative pain management.
Characteristics of a colostomy
Prodromal stage (most infectious stage)


47. Patient's voluntary agreement to undergo a procedure or treatment after receiving the following information in layman's terms: Description of procedures & potential alternatives - Underlying disease process & its course - Name & qualifications of per

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48. Inspect
Sanguineous wound drainage
Abdominal physical assessment
Stages of Kubler - Ross's psychosocial responses to grief & loss
Patient teaching necessary for post - operative pain control - Management of acute surgical pain.


49. Degree of resistance the potential host has to the pathogen
Surgical Classification - emergent
'informed consent'
Susceptibility
Enuresis


50. Should be moist & red or pink if circulation is adequate - Pale or bluish indicates problem - bleeds easily (mucosa) but amount is minimal - Very edematous at first - but will shrink down to normal size as healing occurs (6-8 weeks) - Protrude above
Comfort Measures Only
Situational loss
Stoma Care Assessments
Post - operative complications Leg exercises