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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Activity - movement stimulates intestinal muscle action = peristalsis - abdominal & pelvic muscle exercises to maintain tone for intra - abdominal pressure






2. Loss that is yet to come






3. supports & immobilizes a body part - helps a surgical incision helps with comfort and pain.






4. Fluid intake - at least 2000 mL daily






5. Recognized by others as well as patient (Ex: loss of job - spouse)






6. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






7. Diet - should include adequate fiber or bulk - Whole grains - fruits - vegetables - legumes - Eating at regular intervals helps stimulate peristalsis (gastrocolic reflex) - Food allergies or food poisoning may lead to diarrhea - Some foods cause






8. HDL - 'good' type






9. Urinary retention - inability to empty bladder






10. Delay or problem starting urinary stream






11. Should be moist & red or pink if circulation is adequate - Pale or bluish indicates problem - bleeds easily (mucosa) but amount is minimal - Very edematous at first - but will shrink down to normal size as healing occurs (6-8 weeks) - Protrude above






12. Integration of mental & muscular activity (physical)






13. Binds fat & cholesterol to decrease absorption into bloodstream from GI tract






14. Complete lack of control over urination






15. Regular exercise






16. Assess for: - illness - fever - fatigue - N/V - medications - can alter taste or decrease appetite (chemo - steroids) - poor fitting dentures - no teeth - bad teeth - mouth problems - lesions - inflamed mucosa - pain - dislike of certain foods - unfa






17. Should be cut 1/8 inch larger than stoma to protect skin & avoid stoma rub - may use charcoal or other deodorizer in bag to control odor - Bismuth subgallate oral also controls odor






18. O Spiritual / Religious needs - Know & respect special ceremonies - rituals - Contact clergy to visit if patient desires






19. Smallest of all microorganisms - visible only with an electron microscope (Ex: common cold - AIDS)






20. Inspect






21. Liquids can have color but must be able to see through (Coffee is ok) - No milk products - Nutritionally inadequate over time - Used as preparation for surgery - diagnostic studies - post - operative advancement - Hydrates - rests GI tract - N






22. Sterile technique; practices that render & keep objects & areas free from microorganisms






23. Palliative - to relieve or reduce intensity of an illness; is not curative (Ex: colostomy - arthroscopy - balloon angioplasties)






24. Helps increase lung volume & inflation of alveoli which Facilitates venus return; Practice prior to surgery






25. 1. Denial & Isolation 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance

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26. Leakage when coughing - sneezing - or increased intra - abdominal pressure






27. Frequency that occurs during sleeping hours






28. Build - up of fat - cholesterol & calcium on inside of artery walls - Leads to hardening of walls with loss of elasticity or ability to expand fully - Plaque build up roughens walls so clotting factors can stick to walls - Plaque narrows lumen of art






29. Must be done immediately to preserve life - a body part - or function






30. Deep breathing (TCDB - Turn - Cough - Deep Breathing) - During surgery - cough reflex is suppresses - mucus accumulates - & lungs do not ventilate fully. After surgery - respirations are less effective due to anesthesia - pain meds - & pain - hyperv






31. ability to break down nitrogen to excrete






32. Health history & physical assessment within 24 hrs of surgery to identify risk factors & allergies - Identifying medications & treatments patient is currently receiving - surgery cancels all prior medication orders (Ex: no cumadin - Plavix - aspirin






33. Obtaining complete proteins - soy products






34. Mixture of serum & red blood cells






35. Rapid onset - lasts short period of time






36. Maintain patient confidentiality within legal & regulatory parameters - Act as patient advocates - Deliver care in nonjudgmental manner & are sensitive to diversity - Deliver care that protects patient autonomy - dignity - & rights - Seek available






37. Retention with leakage that exceeds bladder capacity






38. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care






39. Difficulty or painful urination






40. Collect from specimen port on drainage tubing - Cleanse with alcohol & use sterile syringe to pull out urine - Collect urine only from upper tubing - never from drainage bag - Urinalysis - collect 30 mL; Culture & Sensitivity (C&S) - collect 10 mL -






41. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.






42. Containing or mixed with blood






43. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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44. Cholesterol: Heredity is biggest factor in how body produces - handles - & excretes cholesterol - Type & amount of fat in diet - Saturated fats: carry cholesterol and stimulate liver to make cholesterol - Higher fat diets can elevate cholesterol blo






45. Do - not - resuscitate - an order specifying that there be no attempt to resuscitate a patient in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest - Nurse is obligated to attempt CPR if there is no DNR order - Nurse should clarify the patient's code status: if th

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46. Dishonesty to alleviate patient anxiety or concern






47. Hand Hygiene - Wash - before & after touching patient; before & after wearing gloves - Alchohol - based handrubs - if hands are not visibly soiled - Soap & water - if hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids; wash for 15 sec






48. Improves musculoskeletal system - Improves cardiovascular function - Improves circulation - tissues get oxygen & nutrients - Promotes relaxation

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49. Two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag without disturbing seal on skin - bag is changed only when it leaks or seal is lost - opening in karaya should be cut 1/8






50. Risk factors for illness - Factors in the human dimensions that influence health - illness status - Beliefs and practice - Basic human needs - Self - concept