Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Acceptable environment for an infectious agent
Affective learning
Post - operative complications Often painful
Susceptible Host
micturition - urination - or voiding


2. Must be done immediately to preserve life - a body part - or function
Functional Incontinence
Human dignity
Anticipatory loss
Surgical Classification - emergent


3. Give each his/her due & act fairly
Justice
Affective teaching strategy
Anticipatory loss
Nurses role with 'informed consent'


4. Appoints an agent that the person trusts to make decisions in the event of subsequent incapacity.
Definition of acute illness
Pre - operative assessment includes
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare
Patient teaching regarding post operative pain management.


5. Statement of ethical obligations & duties of every person who enters practice of nursing; Non - negotiable ethical standard; Expression of nursing's own understanding of commitment to society
Post - operative complications Often painful
Nursing Ethics
Ethical distress
What elevates HDL


6. Physical: protect from potential or actual harm Emotional: Free of fear - anxiety Allow independence Explanations

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7. Improves venus return - respiratory function - & peristalsis - relieves skin pressure. Patient should practice before surgery
What disinfectant does
Post - operative complications Turning in bed
Factors affecting UTI's
Overflow Incontinence


8. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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9. provided for people with limited life expectancy - often in the home - focuses on the needs of the dying - comfort & dignity; encompasses biomedical - psychosocial - & spiritual aspects
Hospice Care
micturition - urination - or voiding
Maturational loss
chronic illness


10. Personal emotional involvement - Need to explore own beliefs about death - Burn - out from work in areas of frequent death - Critical Care - ER - Hospice - Long Term Care
Peristomal Bag or Applicance changes
Nursing role with grief and death
Ways to prevent food poisoning
DNR and the nurse's duty


11. Early signs & symptoms are present but are often vague & nonspecific; patient does not realize he is contagious
Beneficence
Urge Incontinence
Post - operative complications Coughing
Prodromal stage (most infectious stage)


12. Freedom from pathogenic organisms in a specific area - Clean' vs 'Soiled' - patient or in patient's room - Achieved by: Confining pathogens within a given area - Limiting growth & numbers of pathogens - Limiting transmission of pathogens from place
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.
Medical Asepsis - clean technique
Living Wills
Definition of acute illness


13. no harsh or abrasive cleansers - use mild soap & water - dry gently - use skin protectant products to toughen area & protect from irritating stool
Nurses role with 'informed consent'
How vitamins can affect a patients nutritional state
Peristomal Skin Care Cleansing
Fungi


14. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL
Stress Incontinence
Nursing Interventions to promote post - operative urinary elimination needs.
Symptoms of UTI
Factors Affecting Health Status - Beliefs - & Practices


15. Respect for inherent worth & uniqueness of the individual; patient privacy & confidentiality
Where dietary intake of cholesterol can be found
Human dignity
Ways to help a patient manage pain
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.


16. Demonstration - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials
Actual loss
Beneficence
Psychomotor teaching strategy
During Peristomal Bag or Applaince change - opening in karaya


17. Storing & recalling of new knowledge (brain)
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Justice
Paternalism
Cognitive learning


18. Palliative - to relieve or reduce intensity of an illness; is not curative (Ex: colostomy - arthroscopy - balloon angioplasties)
Incontinence
Actual loss
Palliative surgery
How a nurse can meet the physical needs of a dying patient


19. Medications - narcotics - iron preparations - chronic use of stimulant laxatives - antibiotics - Constipation or diarrhea is common side effect of meds Treat Constipation: - increasing fiber - fluids - activity - allowing time daily - may use bulk
Perceived loss
Advance Directives
Ways to prevent or treat constipation
Affective teaching strategy


20. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge
Nonmaleficence
Susceptibility
Retention - Altered urine pattern
Peristomal Skin Care Cleansing


21. Combination of Power of Attorney for Healthcare & Living Will
Combination Directive
Stress Incontinence
Fungi
Affective learning


22. Social support systems - Community healthcare structure - Economic resources - Environmental factors - Nursing in the community
Factors affecting UTI's
Situational loss
Community Factors Affecting Health
What is length of stay & How do we control it?


23. Hematest & guaiac test are chemical tests commonly used - False - positive results - from ingesting red meat - animal liver & kidneys - salmon - tuna - mackerel & sardines - tomatoes - cauliflower - horseradish - turnips - melon - bananas - & soybean
Test used for determng blood in stool
Characteristics of a colostomy
Fecal Occult Blood Test
Frequency - Altered urine pattern


24. A tool nurses use to think critically - solve problems - & evaluate the way they care for patients. Dynamic - systematic or ever changing - depending on patient & all variables that impact patient - Helps nurse think about outcomes for patients & is
What is adpie & why do we use it
Total (reflex) Incontinence
Stress Incontinence
Medical Asepsis - clean technique


25. Sense of hopefulness - participation in decisions - expression of feelings & emotions - Not die alone - religious or spiritual needs - honesty

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26. Salmonella bacillus from raw eggs or chicken - Bacterial enteropathogens - viruses - or parasites - cause Traveler's diarrhea - Undercooked meat
Convalescent period
Causes of food poisoning
What is adpie & why do we use it
Advance Directives


27. Sterile technique; practices that render & keep objects & areas free from microorganisms
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern
Surgical asepsis
Patient teaching necessary for post - operative pain control - Management of acute surgical pain.
How one provides continuity of care


28. Liquids can have color but must be able to see through (Coffee is ok) - No milk products - Nutritionally inadequate over time - Used as preparation for surgery - diagnostic studies - post - operative advancement - Hydrates - rests GI tract - N
Components of a clear liquid diet
Nursing Ethics
Post - operative complications Incentive Spirometry
What disinfectant does


29. HDL - 'good' type
How a nurse can meet the physical needs of a dying patient
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern
Smoking destroys What type of fat
Most effective way to prevent spread of organisms


30. Frequency & amount of stools - history of diarrhea - constipation - impaction - Any abnormality of stool appearance - Use of laxatives or enemas - Dietary habits - food allergies - fluids - fiber - Amount of activity & exercise - Medications - Stress
Urge Incontinence
Susceptible Host
Psychomotor teaching strategy
Questions to ask during an abdominal health history


31. supports & immobilizes a body part - helps a surgical incision helps with comfort and pain.
Psychomotor learning
Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - Self Esteem
splinting and its use in the health care setting
Physical loss


32. Felt by person but intangible to others (Ex: loss of youth - independence)
Perceived loss
Peristomal Bag or Applicance changes
Dying patient's Bill of Rights
Factors affecting grief and dying


33. Need to void without ability to hold or delay
Psychomotor teaching strategy
Nonmaleficence
Total (reflex) Incontinence
Urgency - Altered urine pattern


34. Health - state of complete physical - mental - & social well being - not merely the absence of disease - Wellness - active state - oriented toward maximizing the potential of the individual
Factors that affect a patients health state
Maturational loss
Slow Code
Fecal Occult Blood Test


35. Integration of mental & muscular activity (physical)
Components of a clear liquid diet
Post - operative complications Turning in bed
Psychomotor learning
Dysuria - Altered urine pattern


36. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation to
Ways to help a patient manage pain
Nursing Consideratins for stoma care
Benefits of exercise as it relates to a patient's ability to heal - rest - etc.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs & Meeting Basic Human Needs and how it's used to treat patients.


37. To make or confirm a diagnosis (Ex: breast biopsy - laparoscopy)
Nursing Ethics
Portal of Entry
ANA code for nurses - ethical & professional standards for a nurse to follow.
Diagnostic surgery


38. Leakage when coughing - sneezing - or increased intra - abdominal pressure
Stress Incontinence
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare
Serous wound drainage
Total (reflex) Incontinence


39. skin should be intact - free of redness - Watch for any irritation - rash - signs of infection - Erosion around stoma can cause stoma to become flat or indented
Terminal weaning from ventilator
Peristomal Skin Care Assessments
Maturational loss
What is length of stay & How do we control it?


40. Obtaining complete proteins - soy products
Factors affecting a vegan diet
Full stage of illness
Terminal weaning from ventilator
Virus


41. Permanent change - cause is irreversible alterations in normal anatomy & physiology - require long period of care
Physical loss
chronic illness
Catheter Urine Specimen procedure
Functional Incontinence


42. 1. Denial & Isolation 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance

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43. Medicate for pain - N/V - Rest periods before each meal - Offer mouth care prior to each meal - Be sure dentures are clean & in mouth - Offer foods patient likes & can eat - Cold - soft foods may be better tolerated - Smaller portions - More frequent
How to stimulate a patients appetite
Pre - operative assessment includes
Hesitancy - Altered urine pattern
Serous wound drainage


44. Oxygen; skin color - V/S - mental responsiveness; Intake & elimination of fluids;I & O - skin turgor - weight - mucous membranes; Food;weight - muscle mass - labs; Temperature;Physical activity;Rest & sleep

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45. In the case of cardiopulmonary or respiratory arrest - calling a code & resuscitating the patient are to be delayed until these measures will be ineffectual.
Enuresis
Slow Code
Surgical Classification - emergent
Factors that affect a patients health state


46. Uses reagent substances to detect the enzyme peroxidase in the hemoglobin molecule
Portal of Exit
Neurogenic - Altered urine pattern
Fecal Occult Blood Test
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Physiologic Needs - essential to life


47. Delay or problem starting urinary stream
Effects of cholesterol on patients nutritional status
Factors that affect a patients health state
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Safety and Security
Hesitancy - Altered urine pattern


48. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks
Sanguineous wound drainage
Human Dimensions of Health
pre - operative assessments & screenings
Risk Factors for AlteresFmily health.


49. Death expected within a limited period of time - What patient needs to know - how disease will progress; go through stages of grief; support in decision making; right to consent to or refuse any & all treatment - What family needs to know - how disea
Autonomy
Terminal Illness
Symptoms of UTI
Incubation period


50. Must be done within a reasonably short time frame to preserve health - but is not an emergency.
'informed consent'
Surgical classifications: Urgent
Maslow's Hierachy of Needs - Safety and Security
Hospice Care