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Nursing Fundamentals Theory

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Point of escape of the organism from the reservoir (Ex: Respiratory - GI - Genitourinary - break in skin)






2. Lecture or discussion - panel discussion - discovery - audiovisual materials - printed materials - programmed instruction - computer - assisted instruction programs






3. Developmental considerations - child has limited understanding but needs to grieve - Family - Who has died - Socioeconomics - financial burden or loss; Cause of Death - Culture - Gender - Religion






4. Goal of treatment is a comfortable dignified death & that further life - sustaining measures are no longer indicated.






5. HDL - 'good' type






6. Lab / Screenings - Chest x- ray - is there fluid or anything pressing on the heart? - ECG - heart health - circulatory - ischemia - CBC - WBC's - infection - RBC's - platelets - bleeding time - Chemistry profile - Urinalysis






7. Hand Hygiene - Wash - before & after touching patient; before & after wearing gloves - Alchohol - based handrubs - if hands are not visibly soiled - Soap & water - if hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood or body fluids; wash for 15 sec






8. Personal emotional involvement - Need to explore own beliefs about death - Burn - out from work in areas of frequent death - Critical Care - ER - Hospice - Long Term Care






9. Reach full potential through development of capabilities - Continues throughout life: Acceptance of self & others as they are -






10. Composed of white blood cells - liquefied dead tissue debris - & dead & live bacteria






11. skin should be intact - free of redness - Watch for any irritation - rash - signs of infection - Erosion around stoma can cause stoma to become flat or indented






12. Mixture of serum & red blood cells






13. Avoid causing harm (Nightengale Pledge






14. Helps increase lung volume & inflation of alveoli which Facilitates venus return; Practice prior to surgery






15. Equal care & rights for all






16. Appoints an agent that the person trusts to make decisions in the event of subsequent incapacity.






17. Liquids can have color but must be able to see through (Coffee is ok) - No milk products - Nutritionally inadequate over time - Used as preparation for surgery - diagnostic studies - post - operative advancement - Hydrates - rests GI tract - N






18. Diet - should include adequate fiber or bulk - Whole grains - fruits - vegetables - legumes - Eating at regular intervals helps stimulate peristalsis (gastrocolic reflex) - Food allergies or food poisoning may lead to diarrhea - Some foods cause






19. Must be done immediately to preserve life - a body part - or function






20. Urinary retention - inability to empty bladder






21. For bowel diversions that bring portion of small or large intestine to abdominal surface for stool elimination - Permanent or temporary diversion - If permanent - may do abdominal - perineal resection to close off rectum & anal area (esp. if cancer i






22. Degree of resistance the potential host has to the pathogen






23. Altered self - image






24. Concern for the welfare of others; patient advocacy; respect for other cultures - perspectives






25. Medicate for pain - N/V - Rest periods before each meal - Offer mouth care prior to each meal - Be sure dentures are clean & in mouth - Offer foods patient likes & can eat - Cold - soft foods may be better tolerated - Smaller portions - More frequent






26. - Skin care - clean & dry - Oral & nasal care q 2 hr - Turn & reposition q 2 hr - Pain control - Maintain nutrition & hydration - Patent airway - Vision may diminish - control lighting in the room






27. Sense of hopefulness - participation in decisions - expression of feelings & emotions - Not die alone - religious or spiritual needs - honesty

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28. In the case of cardiopulmonary or respiratory arrest - calling a code & resuscitating the patient are to be delayed until these measures will be ineffectual.






29. A natural habitat of an organism (Ex: other humans - animals - soil - inanimate objects - water - milk - food)






30. I & O - monitor for fluid volume deficit or overload - Bladder distention - assess by palpating above pubic symphysis if patient has not voided within 8 hrs after surgery or if patient has been voiding frequently in amounts less than 50 mL






31. Increase venus return and helps prevent complications of thrombophlebitis & resultant emboli






32. Respect for inherent worth & uniqueness of the individual; patient privacy & confidentiality






33. Frequency & amount of stools - history of diarrhea - constipation - impaction - Any abnormality of stool appearance - Use of laxatives or enemas - Dietary habits - food allergies - fluids - fiber - Amount of activity & exercise - Medications - Stress






34. Incontinence in child after toilet control expected






35. Patient's voluntary agreement to undergo a procedure or treatment after receiving the following information in layman's terms: Description of procedures & potential alternatives - Underlying disease process & its course - Name & qualifications of per

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36. ability to excrete excess nitrogen






37. Lifestyle - Psychosocial - Environmental - Developmental - Biologic risks






38. Retards growth of organisms & is bacteriostatic






39. Most common nosocomial infection (esp. in elderly) - may cause systemic infections in elderly - more common in females - urethra is shorter; urinary meatus is closer to anus - E. coli - cause of most UTI's - Risk Factors - Sexually active female - ca

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40. Bowel sounds - auscultate every 4 hrs when patient is awake - reduced or absent; should return within 8-24 hrs after surgery - Distention - assess; esp. if bowel sounds are absent or high - pitched (could indicate paralytic ileus) - Is there an infe






41. Helps remove mucus & is usually taught with deep breathing (esp. important for patients with increased risk of respiratory complications)






42. Inability to delay need to urinate






43. Inability to get to toilet in time or inability to recognize need to urinate






44. Disposable one - piece bags may be used at first - will have karaya or stomahesive attached - After stoma is stable - two - piece bag may be used - face plate attaches to skin around stoma - bag attaches to face plate - easy to remove & empty bag w






45. Only in animal products






46. collected during midstream - first small amount of urine voided helps to flush away any organisms near the meatus - urine voided at midstream is most characteristic of urine body is producing - patient voids & discards a small amount of urine; contin






47. Stool production will usually not begin for a few days after surgery - surgery inhibits peristalsis - patient has been NPO - enemas to cleanse prior - Mucus may be passed from stoma prior to production of stool - Colostomy may require irrigation






48. Provide specific instructions about kinds of healthcare that should be provide or forgone






49. Absence of basic human needs results in illness - Presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health - Meeting basic human needs restores health - One feels something missing when needs are unmet - One feels satisfaction when need

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50. Specific signs & symptom