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Nutrition Diagnosis

Subjects : health-sciences, nursing, health-fitness-nutrition

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Inadequate enteral nutrition infusion
Carbohydrate - Dextrose solutions - Available in initial concentrations of 5% to 70% - Mixed with amino acids and other nutrients to form the final solution - Protein - Mixture of essential and nonessential crystalline amino acids - Available wi
Common for this diet to be ordered postoperatively - Permits patient's preferences and situations to be taken into consideration - Also allows for postoperative diet progression at the patient's tolerance
Reports or observations of energy intake more than needs - Lower physical activity - Planned change in mobility/physical activity - Meds increasing appetite - Knowledge deficit
Low cholesterol - Low Ca - High PTT - Low Cu/Zn/Fe - Weight loss - Dehydration

2. What is Soft Diet?
High chol - PO4 - GFR <90 - High BUN - Edema - Dx: kidney/liver
Based on - Patient's digestive and absorptive capabilities - Metabolic requirements - Need for fluid restriction - Done in conjunction with dietician who will calculate patients individual nutritional need and develop plan to initiate feedings
Renal disease or liver disease - Limit protein - Limit potassium - phosphorus - Sodium and Fluid restrictions - Emphasizes high biologic value - Minimum level of CHOs needed to spare protein
Foods that are easy to chew - digest - and absorb - Used during transition from liquid diets to regular or general diets - Foods low in fiber - Only lightly seasoned - Not appropriate for patients requiring mechanical soft diets

3. What are the 3 levels of Dysphagia?
Pureed - Mechanically altered - Advanced
Anthropometric data -Clinical data -Dietary intake assessment
Underweight-bmi<18.5 normal- 18.5-24.9 overweight-25.0-29.9 obese- bmi>30
High chol - amylase/lipase - liver function tests - Diet hx high fat

4. What else do you check with biochemical tests?
High serum vit. A -D -K - B6 - niacin - Physical signs of excess - Diet hx
Reports or observations of energy intake less than needs - Projected change in ability to procure or consume adequate energy - Knowledge deficit - Projected increase in physical activity
Prealbumin- (visceral protein status) Normal Value: 16-40 g/dl Compromised Protein status: 10-15 g/dl Possible protein malnutrition: <10 g/dl
Anthropometric data -Clinical data -Dietary intake assessment

5. What are the confirmations of tube placement?
Low serum mineral levels - Physical signs of deficiency - Diet hx of low intake - Celiac disease - SBS - IBD
Before Putting anything in - Radiography - pH of aspirated fluids - Air injection and ausculation - Visual assessment of aspiration
Serum Albumin- (visceral protein status) Normal Value: 3.5-5 g/dl 2.8-3.5- compromised protein status <2.4- possible protein malnutrition
High liver enzymes - Constipation - Diarrhea - CV changes - High intake of supplements/plant foods

6. What is Enteral Nutrition based on?

7. What is the short-term nutritional biochemical analysis? What are the values?
Renal disease or liver disease - Limit protein - Limit potassium - phosphorus - Sodium and Fluid restrictions - Emphasizes high biologic value - Minimum level of CHOs needed to spare protein
Diet hx of aberrant CHO intake - Steroids - DM - Inborn errors
Prealbumin- (visceral protein status) Normal Value: 16-40 g/dl Compromised Protein status: 10-15 g/dl Possible protein malnutrition: <10 g/dl
Low alb - Low BMI - Weight loss - Poor growth rate - Diet hx low PRO

8. What are the Anthropometric measures?
Prevents aspiration - Thickener added to liquids to created required thickness - Nectar/Syrup thick - Consistency of heavy syrup in canned fruit - Least restrictive - Cream based soups and most nutritional supplements - Honey thick - Consistency of h
Height/length -Weight -BMI -Body Measures (skin fold thickness)
High BUN - High BGL - High liver enzymes - Weight gain - Edema
Food allergy diet - Common: nuts - eggs - cow's milk - shellfish - wheat - Gluten-restricted diet - Celiac disease (malabsorption syndrome) - Omits wheat - rye - barley - oats - buckwheat - malt - Allows rice and corn - Lactose-restricted - Primary i

9. What is Dysphagia Nutritional Therapy?
Anthropometric data -Clinical data -Dietary intake assessment
Foods liquid at room or body temperature - Clear liquid plus milk - pudding - ice cream - soups - yogurt - Used to provide oral nourishment for patients - Difficulty chewing and swallowing solid foods - Commercial nutritional supplements often used
Abnormal liver function tests - Abnormal levels of nutrient - Weight gain or weight loss - Edema - Nausea - Intolerance
Individualized diets based on swallowing ability and food preference - Evaluate ability to swallow solids and liquids: often done by speech therapist who can also aid in teaching the patient swallowing techniques - Features of food to consider and mo

10. Excessive energy intake
Collecting food in the mouth - Spitting out food - Inability to control tongue - Coughing before or after swallowing - Choking - Excessive drooling - Regurgitation of food or liquid through nose - mouth or trach tube - Increased time required to eat
Weight gain - Diet hx of energy dense food intake
A- Anthropometric approach B- Biochemical Tests C- Clinical Observations D- Diet Evaluations (Kcal - 24 hr recall etc)
Foods that are easy to chew - digest - and absorb - Used during transition from liquid diets to regular or general diets - Foods low in fiber - Only lightly seasoned - Not appropriate for patients requiring mechanical soft diets

11. What is the other biochemical analysis and values?
High BGL - Weight gain - High Hgb A1C - diet hx of energy dense food intake - Excess eating away from home
Weight gain - Diet hx of energy dense food intake
Serum and urine creatinine and BUN (somatic muscle protein) -ELEVATED if muscle is broken down Normal Values: -Serum Creatinine: 0.5-1.2mg/100ml -BUN: 10-20 mg/ml
Reports or observations of energy intake more than needs - Lower physical activity - Planned change in mobility/physical activity - Meds increasing appetite - Knowledge deficit

12. Excessive intake
Individualized diets based on swallowing ability and food preference - Evaluate ability to swallow solids and liquids: often done by speech therapist who can also aid in teaching the patient swallowing techniques - Features of food to consider and mo
High/low BGL - Meds - Insulin use -
Low alb - Low BMI - Weight loss - Poor growth rate - Diet hx low PRO
High liver enzymes - Constipation - Diarrhea - CV changes - High intake of supplements/plant foods

13. What are some other Restricted Diets?

14. What are the assessments for Enteral Feedings?
Carbohydrate - Dextrose solutions - Available in initial concentrations of 5% to 70% - Mixed with amino acids and other nutrients to form the final solution - Protein - Mixture of essential and nonessential crystalline amino acids - Available wi
Assessment - Residuals - Weight - Lung sounds - Edema - I & O - Blood glucose monitoring - Blood chemistry
Used when patient has functioning GI tract - Used when patients unable to orally consume adequate nutrients and kcal - Preferred over parenteral nutrition - Physiologically beneficial in maintaining the integrity and function of the gut - Short-term
Diet hx of low plant food intake

15. Excessive parenteral nutrition infusion
Diet hx of low plant food intake
Elevated BUN:creatinine ratio - Hyperglycemia - Hypercapnia - Elevated liver enzymes - Weight gain - Edema - Meds that reduce energy requirements or impair metabolism
High chol - amylase/lipase - liver function tests - Diet hx high fat
Weight status and trends - BUN - creatinine - serum chemistries - proteins - Fluid status - intake and output

16. What is the classifications of BMI and numbers?
Underweight-bmi<18.5 normal- 18.5-24.9 overweight-25.0-29.9 obese- bmi>30
Method of feeding clients who do not have a functioning GI tract - Clinical disease (malabsorption) - surgical intervention - trauma/stress - malignancies - Energy and nutrients provided intravenously - Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) - Infused into
Low chol - alb - prealb - elytes/minerals - vitamins - Weight loss - Low BMI - Diet hx of low intake - fever - dx: Crohn's - AIDS - burns
CHO 55-60% - protein 10-20% - lipid <30% - fiber 20-35 grams - Evaluate glucose levels - serum lipids - kcalories - diet - insulin/medication

17. Inadequate fiber intake
Pudding Thick - Consistency of applesauce or smooth mashed potatoes - Most restrictive - Used with severe levels of dysphagia in which oral intake is still allowed - May require IV hydration - Necessary to closely monitor fluid intake to prevent dehy
Height/length -Weight -BMI -Body Measures (skin fold thickness)
Prealbumin- (visceral protein status) Normal Value: 16-40 g/dl Compromised Protein status: 10-15 g/dl Possible protein malnutrition: <10 g/dl
Diet hx of low fiber intake - Constipation/low stool volume

18. What are the complications of Parenteral Nutrition?
High BUN - High BGL - High liver enzymes - Weight gain - Edema
Common for this diet to be ordered postoperatively - Permits patient's preferences and situations to be taken into consideration - Also allows for postoperative diet progression at the patient's tolerance
Technical complications - Pneumothorax - Septic complications - Local or systemic - Metabolic complications - Most common complication - Most common is hyperglycemia
Weight status and trends - BUN - creatinine - serum chemistries - proteins - Fluid status - intake and output

19. How long should Nutritional screenings be done to residents being admitted?
Caused by disease
High liver enzymes - Constipation - Diarrhea - CV changes - High intake of supplements/plant foods
14 days of admission
Low cholesterol - Weight loss - Poor dentition - Self-feeding problems - Inadequate nutrition support

20. What are some swallowing aids?
High liver enzymes - Constipation - Diarrhea - CV changes - High intake of supplements/plant foods
Encourage patient to think/talk about food before meals - Can help stimulate flow of saliva - Aids in formation of bolus - Chewing and swallowing process - Tart or sour foods - Stimulate saliva production - Have patient lick jelly from the lips - puc
Weight gain - Diet hx of energy dense food intake
Low alb - Low BMI - Weight loss - Poor growth rate - Diet hx low PRO

21. Less than optimal parenteral infusion
Abnormal liver function tests - Abnormal levels of nutrient - Weight gain or weight loss - Edema - Nausea - Intolerance
Individualized diets based on swallowing ability and food preference - Evaluate ability to swallow solids and liquids: often done by speech therapist who can also aid in teaching the patient swallowing techniques - Features of food to consider and mo
Diet hx of low plant food intake
Common for this diet to be ordered postoperatively - Permits patient's preferences and situations to be taken into consideration - Also allows for postoperative diet progression at the patient's tolerance

22. Less than optimal enteral nutrition
Biochemical parameters indicating excessive nutrient intake - Knowledge deficit - Meds affecting appetite - Nutrition in Patient Care
Abnormal liver enzymes - Fatty liver - Weight gain/loss - Edema
Inadequate Intake
Weight loss (5% in 1 month; 10% in 6 months) - Increased activity - dx: Parkinsons - cerebral palsy - dementia

23. Why is it important to know primary/secondary nutritional risk?
High serum vit. A -D -K - B6 - niacin - Physical signs of excess - Diet hx
Biochemical parameters indicating suboptimal nutrient intake - Estimated intake less than needs - Cultural or religious practices - Knowledge deficit - Meds affecting appetite
Low cholesterol - Weight loss - Poor dentition - Self-feeding problems - Inadequate nutrition support
Poor nutrition prevents or delays recovery from injury.

24. What is Secondary Nutrition Risk?
Caused by disease
Height/length -Weight -BMI -Body Measures (skin fold thickness)
Poor nutrition prevents or delays recovery from injury.
Used when patient has functioning GI tract - Used when patients unable to orally consume adequate nutrients and kcal - Preferred over parenteral nutrition - Physiologically beneficial in maintaining the integrity and function of the gut - Short-term

25. What is the clinical assessments?
Poor nutrition prevents or delays recovery from injury.
14 days of admission
Socioeconomic status -comorbid disease states -Age adults: =< 75 children<5 PHYSICAL -stress and trauma- metabolic demands -mechanical ventilation-unable to eat -therapeutic bowel rest
CHO 55-60% - protein 10-20% - lipid <30% - fiber 20-35 grams - Evaluate glucose levels - serum lipids - kcalories - diet - insulin/medication

26. What are the Dietary Evaluations?
Kcal count -24 hr recall -Food records
Monitor patient's nutritional status - Monitor I&O - Fluid balance - lung sounds - s/s dehydration - etc. - Monitor IV - Change solution bag every 24 hours to decrease infection rate - CVC dressing change q 72 hours - Monitor Blood Chemistry - Fluid
Biochemical parameters indicating excessive nutrient intake - Knowledge deficit - Meds affecting appetite - Nutrition in Patient Care
Management of malabsorption - chronic pancreatitis - gallbladder disease - Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) utilized with high intake of CHO and protein - Easy to digest - Restricts - High fat - additional fat in cooking - Enzyme replacement may be

27. Excessive vitamin intake
Allows body to heal -To prepare diagnostic test -To prepare Surgical Procedure
Reports or observations of energy intake less than needs - Projected change in ability to procure or consume adequate energy - Knowledge deficit - Projected increase in physical activity
Low cholesterol - Weight loss - Poor dentition - Self-feeding problems - Inadequate nutrition support
High serum vit. A -D -K - B6 - niacin - Physical signs of excess - Diet hx

28. What is Carb-controlled Diet?
Potential to become malnourished
IV lipid emulsions - Used as a concentrated energy source and to prevent the development of essential fatty acid deficiency - Kcal density of lipid solutions is useful when volume restriction is necessary
Method of feeding clients who do not have a functioning GI tract - Clinical disease (malabsorption) - surgical intervention - trauma/stress - malignancies - Energy and nutrients provided intravenously - Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) - Infused into
CHO 55-60% - protein 10-20% - lipid <30% - fiber 20-35 grams - Evaluate glucose levels - serum lipids - kcalories - diet - insulin/medication

29. How do you feed patients with Dysphagia?
Pudding Thick - Consistency of applesauce or smooth mashed potatoes - Most restrictive - Used with severe levels of dysphagia in which oral intake is still allowed - May require IV hydration - Necessary to closely monitor fluid intake to prevent dehy
High serum vit. A -D -K - B6 - niacin - Physical signs of excess - Diet hx
High/low BGL - Meds - Insulin use -
Abnormal liver enzymes - Fatty liver - Weight gain/loss - Edema

30. Inadequate oral food/ beverage intake
Biochemical parameters indicating suboptimal nutrient intake - Estimated intake less than needs - Cultural or religious practices - Knowledge deficit - Meds affecting appetite
Low alb - Low BMI - Weight loss - Poor growth rate - Diet hx low PRO
Dry skin - Weight loss - diet hx of low intake - dx: AIDS - TB - AN - sepsis - infection - xs ETOH
Pudding Thick - Consistency of applesauce or smooth mashed potatoes - Most restrictive - Used with severe levels of dysphagia in which oral intake is still allowed - May require IV hydration - Necessary to closely monitor fluid intake to prevent dehy

31. Predicted Suboptimal Nutrient Intake
Weight gain - Diet hx of energy dense food intake
High serum vit. A -D -K - B6 - niacin - Physical signs of excess - Diet hx
Biochemical parameters indicating suboptimal nutrient intake - Estimated intake less than needs - Cultural or religious practices - Knowledge deficit - Meds affecting appetite
Foods liquid at room or body temperature - Clear liquid plus milk - pudding - ice cream - soups - yogurt - Used to provide oral nourishment for patients - Difficulty chewing and swallowing solid foods - Commercial nutritional supplements often used

32. Excessive fluid intake
Food allergy diet - Common: nuts - eggs - cow's milk - shellfish - wheat - Gluten-restricted diet - Celiac disease (malabsorption syndrome) - Omits wheat - rye - barley - oats - buckwheat - malt - Allows rice and corn - Lactose-restricted - Primary i
Caused by disease
Serum and urine creatinine and BUN (somatic muscle protein) -ELEVATED if muscle is broken down Normal Values: -Serum Creatinine: 0.5-1.2mg/100ml -BUN: 10-20 mg/ml
Low serum osmolality - Weight gain - Edema - Excess salt intake

33. Imbalance of nutrients
Individualized diets based on swallowing ability and food preference - Evaluate ability to swallow solids and liquids: often done by speech therapist who can also aid in teaching the patient swallowing techniques - Features of food to consider and mo
Weight status and trends - BUN - creatinine - serum chemistries - proteins - Fluid status - intake and output
High liver enzymes - Constipation - Diarrhea - CV changes - High intake of supplements/plant foods
Diet hx of high intake - Diarrhea - Constipation - GI distress

34. What is Dysphagia? What are some of the acute/progressive causes?

35. Excessive alcohol intake
Low chol - alb - prealb - elytes/minerals - vitamins - Weight loss - Low BMI - Diet hx of low intake - fever - dx: Crohn's - AIDS - burns
High AST/GGT - Blood ETOH - diet hx of > 2 drinks/day - liver dx
Prealbumin- (visceral protein status) Normal Value: 16-40 g/dl Compromised Protein status: 10-15 g/dl Possible protein malnutrition: <10 g/dl
Abnormal liver function tests - Abnormal levels of nutrient - Weight gain or weight loss - Edema - Nausea - Intolerance

36. What is the long-term nutritional biochemical analysis? What are the values?
Elevated BUN:creatinine ratio - Hyperglycemia - Hypercapnia - Elevated liver enzymes - Weight gain - Edema - Meds that reduce energy requirements or impair metabolism
Serum Albumin- (visceral protein status) Normal Value: 3.5-5 g/dl 2.8-3.5- compromised protein status <2.4- possible protein malnutrition
High chol - PO4 - GFR <90 - High BUN - Edema - Dx: kidney/liver
Weight Loss - dx: AIDS - TB - AN

37. What is Fat-Controlled Diet?
>Moderate nutritional risk: transition from restrictive therapeutic to regular dietary intake >High Nutritional Risk: -Parenteral feeding -Tube Feeding -NPO -Clear liquids for more than 3 days
Management of malabsorption - chronic pancreatitis - gallbladder disease - Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) utilized with high intake of CHO and protein - Easy to digest - Restricts - High fat - additional fat in cooking - Enzyme replacement may be
High BGL - Weight gain - High Hgb A1C - diet hx of energy dense food intake - Excess eating away from home
Diet hx of low intake

38. What is Primary Nutrition Risk?
Allows body to heal -To prepare diagnostic test -To prepare Surgical Procedure
Serum and urine creatinine and BUN (somatic muscle protein) -ELEVATED if muscle is broken down Normal Values: -Serum Creatinine: 0.5-1.2mg/100ml -BUN: 10-20 mg/ml
Inadequate Intake
Low chol - alb - prealb - elytes/minerals - vitamins - Weight loss - Low BMI - Diet hx of low intake - fever - dx: Crohn's - AIDS - burns

39. Excessive oral food/beverage intake
High/low BGL - Meds (steroids) - Diet hx
CHO 55-60% - protein 10-20% - lipid <30% - fiber 20-35 grams - Evaluate glucose levels - serum lipids - kcalories - diet - insulin/medication
Food allergy diet - Common: nuts - eggs - cow's milk - shellfish - wheat - Gluten-restricted diet - Celiac disease (malabsorption syndrome) - Omits wheat - rye - barley - oats - buckwheat - malt - Allows rice and corn - Lactose-restricted - Primary i
High BGL - Weight gain - High Hgb A1C - diet hx of energy dense food intake - Excess eating away from home

40. What are Dysphagia 'warning signs'?
Weight gain - Diet hx of energy dense food intake
Management of malabsorption - chronic pancreatitis - gallbladder disease - Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) utilized with high intake of CHO and protein - Easy to digest - Restricts - High fat - additional fat in cooking - Enzyme replacement may be
Collecting food in the mouth - Spitting out food - Inability to control tongue - Coughing before or after swallowing - Choking - Excessive drooling - Regurgitation of food or liquid through nose - mouth or trach tube - Increased time required to eat
Serum Albumin- (visceral protein status) Normal Value: 3.5-5 g/dl 2.8-3.5- compromised protein status <2.4- possible protein malnutrition

41. Inadequate protein-energy intake
Low alb - Low BMI - Weight loss - Poor growth rate - Diet hx low PRO
Low HDL - High TSH - High Mg - High PO4 - Diet hx of xs intake - Liver damage - GI distress
Abnormal liver function tests - Abnormal levels of nutrient - Weight gain or weight loss - Edema - Nausea - Intolerance
Assessment - Residuals - Weight - Lung sounds - Edema - I & O - Blood glucose monitoring - Blood chemistry

42. Inadequate intake
High BUN - High BGL - High liver enzymes - Weight gain - Edema
Kcal count -24 hr recall -Food records
TJC requires screenings within 48hrs
Diet hx of low plant food intake

43. What is Protein-Controlled Diet?
High BUN - High BGL - High liver enzymes - Weight gain - Edema
Diet hx of low plant food intake
Renal disease or liver disease - Limit protein - Limit potassium - phosphorus - Sodium and Fluid restrictions - Emphasizes high biologic value - Minimum level of CHOs needed to spare protein
GI problems - Diarrhea - Nausea and vomiting - Cramping - Distention - Constipation - Mechanical complications - Tube displacement - Tube obstruction - Pulmonary aspiration - Mucosal damage

44. Excessive mineral intake
Biochemical parameters indicating excessive nutrient intake - Knowledge deficit - Meds affecting appetite - Nutrition in Patient Care
Low HDL - High TSH - High Mg - High PO4 - Diet hx of xs intake - Liver damage - GI distress
Regular diet with attention to texture - Consistency of food can be varied according to the patient's ability to chew and swallow - Foods chopped - ground - mashed - or pureed - Patient's needs should be evaluated - Modifying consistency according to
High BUN - High BGL - High liver enzymes - Weight gain - Edema

45. How long does TJC require resident screenings to be done during admission?
Assessment - Residuals - Weight - Lung sounds - Edema - I & O - Blood glucose monitoring - Blood chemistry
TJC requires screenings within 48hrs
High BUN - High serum osmolality - High Na - Weight loss - Thirst
Low alb - Low BMI - Weight loss - Poor growth rate - Diet hx low PRO

46. What is Enteral Nutrition? Why preferred over Parenteral Nutrition?
Low HDL - High TSH - High Mg - High PO4 - Diet hx of xs intake - Liver damage - GI distress
CHO 55-60% - protein 10-20% - lipid <30% - fiber 20-35 grams - Evaluate glucose levels - serum lipids - kcalories - diet - insulin/medication
High/low BGL - Meds (steroids) - Diet hx
Used when patient has functioning GI tract - Used when patients unable to orally consume adequate nutrients and kcal - Preferred over parenteral nutrition - Physiologically beneficial in maintaining the integrity and function of the gut - Short-term

47. Predicted excessive energy intake
Weight Loss - dx: AIDS - TB - AN
Indirect calorimetry measurement - Vitamin/mineral abnormalities in lab values - Inadequate weight gain - or unintentional weight loss Clinical evidence of vitamin/mineral deficiency
Reports or observations of energy intake more than needs - Lower physical activity - Planned change in mobility/physical activity - Meds increasing appetite - Knowledge deficit
Encourage patient to think/talk about food before meals - Can help stimulate flow of saliva - Aids in formation of bolus - Chewing and swallowing process - Tart or sour foods - Stimulate saliva production - Have patient lick jelly from the lips - puc

48. What is Regular/General Diet?
Prevents aspiration - Thickener added to liquids to created required thickness - Nectar/Syrup thick - Consistency of heavy syrup in canned fruit - Least restrictive - Cream based soups and most nutritional supplements - Honey thick - Consistency of h
Dry skin - Weight loss - diet hx of low intake - dx: AIDS - TB - AN - sepsis - infection - xs ETOH
IV lipid emulsions - Used as a concentrated energy source and to prevent the development of essential fatty acid deficiency - Kcal density of lipid solutions is useful when volume restriction is necessary
Designed to attain or maintain optimal nutritional status in those who do not require modified or therapeutic diets - Used to promote health and reduce risks for developing chronic diet-related diseases

49. Excessive carbohydrate intake
GI problems - Diarrhea - Nausea and vomiting - Cramping - Distention - Constipation - Mechanical complications - Tube displacement - Tube obstruction - Pulmonary aspiration - Mucosal damage
Serum and urine creatinine and BUN (somatic muscle protein) -ELEVATED if muscle is broken down Normal Values: -Serum Creatinine: 0.5-1.2mg/100ml -BUN: 10-20 mg/ml
Weight status and trends - BUN - creatinine - serum chemistries - proteins - Fluid status - intake and output
Diet hx of aberrant CHO intake - Steroids - DM - Inborn errors

50. What is Full-Liquid Diet?
Pureed - Mechanically altered - Advanced
Diet hx of high intake - Diarrhea - Constipation - GI distress
Foods liquid at room or body temperature - Clear liquid plus milk - pudding - ice cream - soups - yogurt - Used to provide oral nourishment for patients - Difficulty chewing and swallowing solid foods - Commercial nutritional supplements often used
Individualized diets based on swallowing ability and food preference - Evaluate ability to swallow solids and liquids: often done by speech therapist who can also aid in teaching the patient swallowing techniques - Features of food to consider and mo