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Osteopathic Principles

Subjects : health-sciences, osteopathy

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Psoas major is responsible for...
Batwing deformity
Forward bending of the lumbar spine
Horizontal - sagittal - coronal
T5-T9

2. When flexion or extension is sufficient to localize force to a single segment the vertebrae....
Forward bending of the lumbar spine
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
Unpaired cranial bone
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO

3. In the lumbar spine - an increased lumbosacral angel is associated with a...
Posterior articular facet approximation.
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
For temperature sense

4. Why is the first rib not classified as a typical rib?
Unpaired cranial bone
Sidebent to the left and rotated to the right
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity

5. Somatic dysfunction of the sacroiliac functional untis can produce symtoms of dysmenorrhea. This relationship is an example of a
Soft tissue treatment.
Firm - fibrotic changes
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Somato-visceral reflex

6. Andrew Taylor Still was
Re-evaluate diagnosis
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.
Vasa nervorum
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas

7. In the standing position a test which gives a high degree of reliability for determing an anatomical short leg is...
T10-T11
Difference in iliac crest heighths
Firm - fibrotic changes
Somato-visceral reflex

8. Proprioceptive impulses which may be responsible for the facilitated segment do not come from where?
Mid-sagittal plane
Fascia
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Vasa nervorum

9. The ligaments of the vertebral column...
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
The lower segment.
Facilitation
Somato-visceral reflex

10. The major upper abdominal viscera receive their sympathetic efferents via the great splanchnic nerve whose segemnts of origin are
Somato-visceral reflex
T5-T9
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied

11. What is the primary mechanism responsible for the maintenace of skeletal muscle tone?
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Mid-sagittal plane
The major motions of the joint.
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.

12. Chronic somatic dysfunction is best related to a palpatory finding of what?
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Firm - fibrotic changes
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity

13. What is the arterial supply network to the major nerve trunks and their branches?
For temperature sense
Posterior articular facet approximation.
Different in every plane of motion
Vasa nervorum

14. Somatic dysfunction of the midthoracic spine can cause gastrointestinal symptoms. This is an example of ________
Somato-visceral reflex
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Cuboid
Fascia

15. The maxilla is considered an...
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Unpaired cranial bone
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.

16. What is the term for a congential enlargement of the transverse processes?
Batwing deformity
Sidebent to the left and rotated to the right
Somato-visceral reflex
Mobility changes

17. The first professional organized school of Osteopathy.
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO
Fascia
Facilitation
Mid-sagittal plane

18. Intervertebral somatic dysfunction is named for what?
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
Mobility changes
Re-evaluation of motion of the treated area.
Somato-visceral reflex

19. The assessment of spinous processes is very useful in determining what?
Groups
Thoracic pump - resistive duction and muscle energy techniques - cervical soft tissue treatment - manipulation to improve sympathetic vasomotor function.
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Posterior articular facet approximation.

20. In testing for adductor muscle shortening or restriction - you would do what?
Evert the foot
Abduct the leg
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Costo-transverse area

21. When the resting membrane potential of a neuron requires less stimulation to reach the threshold of excitation - it is called what?
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
Soft tissue treatment.
Facilitation
T5-T9

22. When the spine is in neutral and side bending is introduced - the segments move in ______.
Re-evaluate diagnosis
Thoracic pump - resistive duction and muscle energy techniques - cervical soft tissue treatment - manipulation to improve sympathetic vasomotor function.
At the apex
Groups

23. The best criterion of successful therapeutic application of a direct trust technique is determined by what?
Negative intrathoracic pressure
Palpating right vs. left and above vs. below
Re-evaluation of motion of the treated area.
C7-T1

24. Involvement of the greater splanchnic nerves directly modifies the....
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
T10-T11
T5-T9

25. Existence of somatic dysfunction is clinically significant because it is...
At its extremes
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
External rotator muscles.
Site predisposing to disease

26. A patient has been given specific manipulation twice for an acute tissue change at T3 on the right. The response has been equivocal. What would be the next step?
Musculoskeletal
At its extremes
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Re-evaluate diagnosis

27. In applying stretching to the thoracic paravertebral muscles - care must be taken to introduce ________________.
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
Batwing deformity

28. If the Ferguson's lumbo-sacral angle is measure as 65 degrees - the line of weight bearing of the spine would be expected to pass______
Vasa nervorum
Anterior to the sacral base
Evert the foot
Musculoskeletal

29. Bilateral spondylolsis of L-5 predisposes to...
Spondylolisthesis
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Deep sacral suclus left - lubar lateral curve convex left - low iliac crest left.

30. Straight leg raising is a test for shortening or restriction of ____________
Hamstring muscles
The major motions of the joint.
Musculoskeletal
Spondylolisthesis

31. When resting membrane potential of a neuron requires less stimulation to reach the threshold of excitation it is called _____
C7-T1
Mobility changes
Facilitation
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes

32. The resistance to spinal movement observed in joint dysfunctions is...
For temperature sense
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
At its extremes
Different in every plane of motion

33. Most reliable palpatory finding of a suspected disease process.
Cuboid
At the apex
Mobility changes
Difference in iliac crest heighths

34. Involvement of the greater splanchnic nerves directly modifies what?
The major motions of the joint.
Evert the foot
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.
Sympathetics via celiac plexus

35. Osteopathic manipulative treatment is to be done how?
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.
Cuboid
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
Forward bending of the lumbar spine

36. What are the four skin changes that are most often signs of chronic somatic dysfunction?
Posterior articular facet approximation.
Thinning of skin - smooth shiny appearance - dryness and loss of hair
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO

37. The ligaments of the vertebral column serve to help limit motion where?
Groups
At its extremes
Musculoskeletal
Spondylolisthesis

38. There are 10 gluteal muscles in the hip - seven of them are external rotators and three are internal rotators of the hip. The gluteus medius is part of which group?
Internal rotator
Flex the knee on the thigh
The major motions of the joint.
Somato-visceral reflex

39. The function of the gastrocnemius-plantaris-soleus muscle comibation is to...
Musculoskeletal
At its extremes
Evert the foot
C7-T1

40. Intervertebral somatic dysfunctions is named for the upper in relation to what?
The lower segment.
Motion in a sagittal plane in relation to a transverse axis.
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied

41. In a patient who has a chronic lateral group curve of the thoracic spine - physical findings typically include what?
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
Unpaired cranial bone
The lower segment.

42. A fulcrum and/or axis
At its extremes
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
Re-evaluation of motion of the treated area.

43. In lateral curves - the maximal rotation will occur where?
At the apex
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Re-evaluate diagnosis
Firm - fibrotic changes

44. In testing for adductor muscle contracture - you....
Mid-sagittal plane
Facilitation
For temperature sense
Flex the knee on the thigh

45. A physical finding as 'rotated right' would imply what?
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.
Horizontal - sagittal - coronal
Somato-visceral reflex
T5-T9

46. The quick release component of the lymphatic pump technique as it is applied to the chse effects a ___________
Difference in iliac crest heighths
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO
Posterior articular facet approximation.
Negative intrathoracic pressure

47. Flexion-extension is...
Forward bending of the lumbar spine
Anterior to the sacral base
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
Motion in a sagittal plane in relation to a transverse axis.

48. A projection of the mid-heel line in a normal patient is the same as the what?
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Sidebent to the left and rotated to the right
Facilitation
Mid-sagittal plane

49. The three cardinal (standard) planes of reference for the body are the....
T10-T11
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
Horizontal - sagittal - coronal

50. Typical accomodation to an anatomically short left leg would be expected to be associated with what?
Vasa nervorum
Deep sacral suclus left - lubar lateral curve convex left - low iliac crest left.
Mobility changes
The major motions of the joint.