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Osteopathic Principles

Subjects : health-sciences, osteopathy

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The 'keystone' of the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot is what?
Cuboid
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO
Flex the knee on the thigh
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied

2. Osteopathic manipulative treatment is to be done how?
Forward bending of the lumbar spine
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.
The lower segment.
The major motions of the joint.

3. A physical finding as 'rotated right' would imply what?
External rotator muscles.
The major motions of the joint.
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.

4. What is the term for a congential enlargement of the transverse processes?
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Thinning of skin - smooth shiny appearance - dryness and loss of hair
Batwing deformity
Mobility changes

5. Flexion-extension is...
Groups
Motion in a sagittal plane in relation to a transverse axis.
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Firm - fibrotic changes

6. In testing for adductor muscle contracture - you....
Negative intrathoracic pressure
Musculoskeletal
Flex the knee on the thigh
Groups

7. The ligaments of the vertebral column...
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
Unpaired cranial bone
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas

8. When the spine is in neutral and side bending is introduced - the segments move in ______.
Groups
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust
Evert the foot
Different in every plane of motion

9. Chronic somatic dysfunction is best related to a palpatory finding of what?
Batwing deformity
Site predisposing to disease
Firm - fibrotic changes
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex

10. In the lumbar spine - an increased lumbosacral angel is associated with a...
Facilitation
Posterior articular facet approximation.
Thinning of skin - smooth shiny appearance - dryness and loss of hair
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes

11. Proprioceptive impulses which may be responsible for the facilitated segment do not come from where?
Fascia
Batwing deformity
Mobility changes
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower

12. A fulcrum and/or axis
Site predisposing to disease
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower

13. The major upper abdominal viscera receive their sympathetic efferents via the great splanchnic nerve whose segemnts of origin are
Facilitation
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.
Difference in iliac crest heighths
T5-T9

14. Adrenal disturbances are related to somatic dysfuntion at what spinal segmental level?
Mid-sagittal plane
T10-T11
Difference in iliac crest heighths
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.

15. Why is the first rib not classified as a typical rib?
External rotator muscles.
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.
Groups
Somato-visceral reflex

16. The detection of tissue texture abnormality is best achieved by
Evert the foot
Palpating right vs. left and above vs. below
Groups
The lower segment.

17. There are 10 gluteal muscles in the hip - seven of them are external rotators and three are internal rotators of the hip. The gluteus medius is part of which group?
Site predisposing to disease
At the apex
Mobility changes
Internal rotator

18. When the occiput is consdiered posterior on the right - the occiput is considered
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Sidebent to the left and rotated to the right
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.

19. In a patient who has a chronic lateral group curve of the thoracic spine - physical findings typically include what?
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.
Internal rotator
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.

20. Involvement of the greater splanchnic nerves directly modifies what?
For temperature sense
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Somato-visceral reflex
Facilitation

21. The resistance to spinal movement observed in joint dysfunctions is...
T10-T11
The major motions of the joint.
Different in every plane of motion
The lower segment.

22. The function of the gastrocnemius-plantaris-soleus muscle comibation is to...
Re-evaluation of motion of the treated area.
Evert the foot
Facilitation
Deep sacral suclus left - lubar lateral curve convex left - low iliac crest left.

23. In lateral curves - the maximal rotation will occur where?
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas
Batwing deformity
At the apex
Thoracic pump - resistive duction and muscle energy techniques - cervical soft tissue treatment - manipulation to improve sympathetic vasomotor function.

24. When the resting membrane potential of a neuron requires less stimulation to reach the threshold of excitation - it is called what?
Sidebent to the left and rotated to the right
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Facilitation
Batwing deformity

25. In a normally compensated scoliosis of the lumbar spine - the atructural rrelationship usually found is...
External rotator muscles.
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
Motion in a sagittal plane in relation to a transverse axis.
Sympathetics via celiac plexus

26. Intervertebral somatic dysfunctions is named for the upper in relation to what?
Somato-visceral reflex
The lower segment.
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes

27. Examination of the shoulder reveals restriction of internal rotation of gleno-humeral joint. Soft tissue stretching treatment of the shoulder should be directed toward what muscles?
External rotator muscles.
Unpaired cranial bone
Soft tissue treatment.
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.

28. If the Ferguson's lumbo-sacral angle is measure as 65 degrees - the line of weight bearing of the spine would be expected to pass______
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO
Anterior to the sacral base
Somato-visceral reflex

29. Involvement of the greater splanchnic nerves directly modifies the....
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
Hamstring muscles
Somato-visceral reflex
Sympathetics via celiac plexus

30. What relaxes or stimulates - depending on how it is applied?
Soft tissue treatment.
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
Anterior to the sacral base

31. Somatic dysfunction of the sacroiliac functional untis can produce symtoms of dysmenorrhea. This relationship is an example of a
At the apex
Somato-visceral reflex
Mid-sagittal plane
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied

32. Palmar aspects of the hands or fingers are most sensitive...
Anterior to the sacral base
Mid-sagittal plane
At the apex
For temperature sense

33. In foot and ankle dysfunction - restriction will generally be found in what?
The major motions of the joint.
Batwing deformity
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
Mid-sagittal plane

34. In applying stretching to the thoracic paravertebral muscles - care must be taken to introduce ________________.
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Posterior articular facet approximation.
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
Rotates and sidebends to the same side

35. Somactic dysfunction of the sacra-iliac functional units can produce symptoms of dysmenorrhea. This relationship is an example of what reflex?
For temperature sense
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.
External rotator muscles.
Somato-visceral reflex

36. Intervertebral somatic dysfunction is named for what?
Internal rotator
Difference in iliac crest heighths
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.

37. The ligaments of the vertebral column serve to help limit motion where?
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
The major motions of the joint.
At its extremes
C7-T1

38. Palpable tissue change ina spinal segment area relatng to acute viscero somatic reflex is most evident at the _________
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
The lower segment.
Mid-sagittal plane
Costo-transverse area

39. Bilateral spondylolsis of L-5 predisposes to...
Re-evaluate diagnosis
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas
Different in every plane of motion
Spondylolisthesis

40. In the standing position a test which gives a high degree of reliability for determing an anatomical short leg is...
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Somato-visceral reflex
For temperature sense
Difference in iliac crest heighths

41. When resting membrane potential of a neuron requires less stimulation to reach the threshold of excitation it is called _____
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
Facilitation
Difference in iliac crest heighths
T10-T11

42. The quick release component of the lymphatic pump technique as it is applied to the chse effects a ___________
Evert the foot
Negative intrathoracic pressure
T5-T9
Vasa nervorum

43. What is the largest organ system of the body?
At the apex
Site predisposing to disease
Soft tissue treatment.
Musculoskeletal

44. Psoas major is responsible for...
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust
Mobility changes
Thoracic pump - resistive duction and muscle energy techniques - cervical soft tissue treatment - manipulation to improve sympathetic vasomotor function.
Forward bending of the lumbar spine

45. In testing for adductor muscle shortening or restriction - you would do what?
External rotator muscles.
Musculoskeletal
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
Abduct the leg

46. The assessment of spinous processes is very useful in determining what?
Site predisposing to disease
Groups
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied

47. Existence of somatic dysfunction is clinically significant because it is...
Site predisposing to disease
Mobility changes
Forward bending of the lumbar spine
For temperature sense

48. Most reliable palpatory finding of a suspected disease process.
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Soft tissue treatment.
Mobility changes
Thoracic pump - resistive duction and muscle energy techniques - cervical soft tissue treatment - manipulation to improve sympathetic vasomotor function.

49. The best criterion of successful therapeutic application of a direct trust technique is determined by what?
Soft tissue treatment.
Somato-visceral reflex
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Re-evaluation of motion of the treated area.

50. The three cardinal (standard) planes of reference for the body are the....
Soft tissue treatment.
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Thinning of skin - smooth shiny appearance - dryness and loss of hair
Horizontal - sagittal - coronal