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Osteopathic Principles

Subjects : health-sciences, osteopathy

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In the standing position a test which gives a high degree of reliability for determing an anatomical short leg is...
Difference in iliac crest heighths
T10-T11
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
For temperature sense

2. Somatic dysfunction of the sacroiliac functional untis can produce symtoms of dysmenorrhea. This relationship is an example of a
Horizontal - sagittal - coronal
Thinning of skin - smooth shiny appearance - dryness and loss of hair
Musculoskeletal
Somato-visceral reflex

3. Somatic dysfunction of the midthoracic spine can cause gastrointestinal symptoms. This is an example of ________
Somato-visceral reflex
Sidebent to the left and rotated to the right
Different in every plane of motion
Sympathetics via celiac plexus

4. Why is the first rib not classified as a typical rib?
Musculoskeletal
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Fascia
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.

5. The three cardinal (standard) planes of reference for the body are the....
Palpating right vs. left and above vs. below
Horizontal - sagittal - coronal
Motion in a sagittal plane in relation to a transverse axis.
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes

6. Typical accomodation to an anatomically short left leg would be expected to be associated with what?
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas
Soft tissue treatment.
Deep sacral suclus left - lubar lateral curve convex left - low iliac crest left.
Mobility changes

7. The best criterion of successful therapeutic application of a direct trust technique is determined by what?
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
Re-evaluation of motion of the treated area.
External rotator muscles.
Mid-sagittal plane

8. Existence of somatic dysfunction is clinically significant because it is...
Difference in iliac crest heighths
Anterior to the sacral base
Site predisposing to disease
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied

9. Palmar aspects of the hands or fingers are most sensitive...
Evert the foot
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
Site predisposing to disease
For temperature sense

10. A projection of the mid-heel line in a normal patient is the same as the what?
Horizontal - sagittal - coronal
External rotator muscles.
Mid-sagittal plane
Re-evaluate diagnosis

11. In a normally compensated scoliosis of the lumbar spine - the atructural rrelationship usually found is...
Re-evaluation of motion of the treated area.
At its extremes
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
Internal rotator

12. When the occiput is consdiered posterior on the right - the occiput is considered
At the apex
Groups
Sidebent to the left and rotated to the right
Costo-transverse area

13. The vasomotor nerve supply for the upper extremity originates a the spinal segement level of...
Soft tissue treatment.
Groups
Spondylolisthesis
C7-T1

14. The detection of tissue texture abnormality is best achieved by
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Palpating right vs. left and above vs. below
Site predisposing to disease
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex

15. Bilateral spondylolsis of L-5 predisposes to...
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Site predisposing to disease
Spondylolisthesis
Soft tissue treatment.

16. When the resting membrane potential of a neuron requires less stimulation to reach the threshold of excitation - it is called what?
Facilitation
Posterior articular facet approximation.
T5-T9
Difference in iliac crest heighths

17. Straight leg raising is a test for shortening or restriction of ____________
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO
At its extremes
Soft tissue treatment.
Hamstring muscles

18. A patient has been given specific manipulation twice for an acute tissue change at T3 on the right. The response has been equivocal. What would be the next step?
Negative intrathoracic pressure
Re-evaluate diagnosis
Unpaired cranial bone
For temperature sense

19. In testing for adductor muscle contracture - you....
Evert the foot
Spondylolisthesis
Flex the knee on the thigh
At the apex

20. Osteopathic manipulative treatment is to be done how?
The major motions of the joint.
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.
T10-T11

21. Proprioceptive impulses which may be responsible for the facilitated segment do not come from where?
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Batwing deformity
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.
Fascia

22. Intervertebral somatic dysfunctions is named for the upper in relation to what?
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas
The lower segment.
Musculoskeletal
At its extremes

23. Andrew Taylor Still was
Musculoskeletal
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas
Spondylolisthesis
For temperature sense

24. Proper execution of direct thrust technique involves...
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
Cuboid

25. What is the primary mechanism responsible for the maintenace of skeletal muscle tone?
Deep sacral suclus left - lubar lateral curve convex left - low iliac crest left.
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Palpating right vs. left and above vs. below
Unpaired cranial bone

26. Chronic somatic dysfunction is best related to a palpatory finding of what?
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
Mid-sagittal plane
Firm - fibrotic changes
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.

27. Involvement of the greater splanchnic nerves directly modifies what?
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas

28. In the lumbar spine - an increased lumbosacral angel is associated with a...
Re-evaluate diagnosis
Posterior articular facet approximation.
External rotator muscles.
Thinning of skin - smooth shiny appearance - dryness and loss of hair

29. Involvement of the greater splanchnic nerves directly modifies the....
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
For temperature sense

30. The assessment of spinous processes is very useful in determining what?
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.
Unpaired cranial bone
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Negative intrathoracic pressure

31. When the spine is in neutral and side bending is introduced - the segments move in ______.
Mid-sagittal plane
Different in every plane of motion
Site predisposing to disease
Groups

32. A physical finding as 'rotated right' would imply what?
Re-evaluate diagnosis
For temperature sense
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.
Firm - fibrotic changes

33. When resting membrane potential of a neuron requires less stimulation to reach the threshold of excitation it is called _____
At the apex
Facilitation
Evert the foot
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust

34. The first professional organized school of Osteopathy.
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO
Somato-visceral reflex
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex

35. What is the term for a congential enlargement of the transverse processes?
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Spondylolisthesis
Batwing deformity
Cuboid

36. There are 10 gluteal muscles in the hip - seven of them are external rotators and three are internal rotators of the hip. The gluteus medius is part of which group?
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas
The major motions of the joint.
Soft tissue treatment.
Internal rotator

37. The resistance to spinal movement observed in joint dysfunctions is...
Re-evaluation of motion of the treated area.
Different in every plane of motion
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.
Soft tissue treatment.

38. Intervertebral somatic dysfunction is named for what?
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
Re-evaluation of motion of the treated area.
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower

39. Palpable tissue change ina spinal segment area relatng to acute viscero somatic reflex is most evident at the _________
Costo-transverse area
Batwing deformity
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Musculoskeletal

40. When flexion or extension is sufficient to localize force to a single segment the vertebrae....
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
At its extremes
Costo-transverse area
T10-T11

41. In lateral curves - the maximal rotation will occur where?
Abduct the leg
At the apex
The lower segment.
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex

42. The major upper abdominal viscera receive their sympathetic efferents via the great splanchnic nerve whose segemnts of origin are
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
T5-T9
Flex the knee on the thigh

43. The maxilla is considered an...
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
Internal rotator
Unpaired cranial bone
Forward bending of the lumbar spine

44. The function of the gastrocnemius-plantaris-soleus muscle comibation is to...
Costo-transverse area
Evert the foot
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Posterior articular facet approximation.

45. Examination of the shoulder reveals restriction of internal rotation of gleno-humeral joint. Soft tissue stretching treatment of the shoulder should be directed toward what muscles?
Deep sacral suclus left - lubar lateral curve convex left - low iliac crest left.
External rotator muscles.
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
T5-T9

46. The ligaments of the vertebral column...
Facilitation
Evert the foot
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
Forward bending of the lumbar spine

47. The 'keystone' of the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot is what?
Cuboid
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Posterior articular facet approximation.
Different in every plane of motion

48. Psoas major is responsible for...
The major motions of the joint.
Difference in iliac crest heighths
Deep sacral suclus left - lubar lateral curve convex left - low iliac crest left.
Forward bending of the lumbar spine

49. A fulcrum and/or axis
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Somato-visceral reflex
Posterior articular facet approximation.
External rotator muscles.

50. What relaxes or stimulates - depending on how it is applied?
Soft tissue treatment.
At its extremes
Palpating right vs. left and above vs. below
Sympathetics via celiac plexus