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Osteopathic Principles

Subjects : health-sciences, osteopathy

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In the lumbar spine - an increased lumbosacral angel is associated with a...
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
Posterior articular facet approximation.
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO
Difference in iliac crest heighths

2. Examination of the shoulder reveals restriction of internal rotation of gleno-humeral joint. Soft tissue stretching treatment of the shoulder should be directed toward what muscles?
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Fascia
Re-evaluate diagnosis
External rotator muscles.

3. In foot and ankle dysfunction - restriction will generally be found in what?
Thinning of skin - smooth shiny appearance - dryness and loss of hair
Evert the foot
The major motions of the joint.
Facilitation

4. Bilateral spondylolsis of L-5 predisposes to...
Spondylolisthesis
Re-evaluate diagnosis
Somato-visceral reflex
Batwing deformity

5. When flexion or extension is sufficient to localize force to a single segment the vertebrae....
Internal rotator
Evert the foot
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.

6. Chronic somatic dysfunction is best related to a palpatory finding of what?
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Firm - fibrotic changes
Costo-transverse area
Re-evaluate diagnosis

7. Proper execution of direct thrust technique involves...
Musculoskeletal
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust
Somato-visceral reflex
Abduct the leg

8. The three cardinal (standard) planes of reference for the body are the....
Horizontal - sagittal - coronal
Soft tissue treatment.
Forward bending of the lumbar spine
Mobility changes

9. Involvement of the greater splanchnic nerves directly modifies the....
Vasa nervorum
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Mid-sagittal plane
Fascia

10. What are the four skin changes that are most often signs of chronic somatic dysfunction?
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Thinning of skin - smooth shiny appearance - dryness and loss of hair
Thoracic pump - resistive duction and muscle energy techniques - cervical soft tissue treatment - manipulation to improve sympathetic vasomotor function.
Motion in a sagittal plane in relation to a transverse axis.

11. What is the arterial supply network to the major nerve trunks and their branches?
Vasa nervorum
Somato-visceral reflex
Different in every plane of motion
Soft tissue treatment.

12. What is the primary mechanism responsible for the maintenace of skeletal muscle tone?
Firm - fibrotic changes
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Unpaired cranial bone

13. Intervertebral somatic dysfunctions is named for the upper in relation to what?
T10-T11
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
The lower segment.
Abduct the leg

14. When resting membrane potential of a neuron requires less stimulation to reach the threshold of excitation it is called _____
Vasa nervorum
Facilitation
Soft tissue treatment.
Rotates and sidebends to the same side

15. A fulcrum and/or axis
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.
The lower segment.
Facilitation

16. Somatic dysfunction of the midthoracic spine can cause gastrointestinal symptoms. This is an example of ________
Costo-transverse area
Re-evaluate diagnosis
Motion in a sagittal plane in relation to a transverse axis.
Somato-visceral reflex

17. Somactic dysfunction of the sacra-iliac functional units can produce symptoms of dysmenorrhea. This relationship is an example of what reflex?
Deep sacral suclus left - lubar lateral curve convex left - low iliac crest left.
At the apex
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust
Somato-visceral reflex

18. Straight leg raising is a test for shortening or restriction of ____________
Hamstring muscles
Forward bending of the lumbar spine
External rotator muscles.
Re-evaluate diagnosis

19. In a patient who has a chronic lateral group curve of the thoracic spine - physical findings typically include what?
Musculoskeletal
C7-T1
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.
T5-T9

20. In the standing position a test which gives a high degree of reliability for determing an anatomical short leg is...
Hamstring muscles
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas
For temperature sense
Difference in iliac crest heighths

21. What is the largest organ system of the body?
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Musculoskeletal
The lower segment.
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO

22. Adrenal disturbances are related to somatic dysfuntion at what spinal segmental level?
T10-T11
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Batwing deformity

23. What relaxes or stimulates - depending on how it is applied?
Soft tissue treatment.
At its extremes
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO

24. The detection of tissue texture abnormality is best achieved by
Palpating right vs. left and above vs. below
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
Somato-visceral reflex

25. What is the term for a congential enlargement of the transverse processes?
T5-T9
Negative intrathoracic pressure
Batwing deformity
Soft tissue treatment.

26. Intervertebral somatic dysfunction is named for what?
External rotator muscles.
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.

27. In applying stretching to the thoracic paravertebral muscles - care must be taken to introduce ________________.
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO
And release force slowly and to avoid rolling the hands over spinous processes.
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Facilitation

28. Why is the first rib not classified as a typical rib?
The major motions of the joint.
Mid-sagittal plane
The head of the rib does not articulate with the demifacet of the segment above.
Sympathetics via celiac plexus

29. The function of the gastrocnemius-plantaris-soleus muscle comibation is to...
Evert the foot
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.
Soft tissue treatment.
Palpating right vs. left and above vs. below

30. The resistance to spinal movement observed in joint dysfunctions is...
T10-T11
Soft tissue treatment.
Costo-transverse area
Different in every plane of motion

31. The quick release component of the lymphatic pump technique as it is applied to the chse effects a ___________
Hamstring muscles
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity
T10-T11
Negative intrathoracic pressure

32. Typical accomodation to an anatomically short left leg would be expected to be associated with what?
T10-T11
Deep sacral suclus left - lubar lateral curve convex left - low iliac crest left.
Forward bending of the lumbar spine
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.

33. What is the manipulative method utilized to assist in the movement of fluids?
Soft tissue treatment.
Is stationary relative to the lever though which force is applied
Thoracic pump - resistive duction and muscle energy techniques - cervical soft tissue treatment - manipulation to improve sympathetic vasomotor function.
Abduct the leg

34. Proprioceptive impulses which may be responsible for the facilitated segment do not come from where?
At the apex
Hamstring muscles
Fascia
Rotates and sidebends to the same side

35. In a normally compensated scoliosis of the lumbar spine - the atructural rrelationship usually found is...
Somato-visceral reflex
At its extremes
Negative intrathoracic pressure
Vertebral body is rotated into the convexity

36. There are 10 gluteal muscles in the hip - seven of them are external rotators and three are internal rotators of the hip. The gluteus medius is part of which group?
Palpating right vs. left and above vs. below
Sidebent to the left and rotated to the right
Internal rotator
The major motions of the joint.

37. Flexion-extension is...
Motion in a sagittal plane in relation to a transverse axis.
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.
T10-T11

38. The assessment of spinous processes is very useful in determining what?
Freedom of forward/backward bending
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust
Serve to thelp limit motion at the extremes
Groups

39. A projection of the mid-heel line in a normal patient is the same as the what?
T10-T11
Spondylolisthesis
Mid-sagittal plane
Rotates and sidebends to the same side

40. Andrew Taylor Still was
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust
T5-T9
Prominence of the concave side transverse processes due to vertebral rotation.

41. When the occiput is consdiered posterior on the right - the occiput is considered
T5-T9
Negative intrathoracic pressure
Sidebent to the left and rotated to the right
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex

42. In testing for adductor muscle contracture - you....
The upper vertebral body in relation to the lower
Flex the knee on the thigh
Thoracic pump - resistive duction and muscle energy techniques - cervical soft tissue treatment - manipulation to improve sympathetic vasomotor function.
Somato-visceral reflex

43. The maxilla is considered an...
Musculoskeletal
Rotates and sidebends to the same side
Unpaired cranial bone
Somato-visceral reflex

44. Somatic dysfunction of the sacroiliac functional untis can produce symtoms of dysmenorrhea. This relationship is an example of a
A Virginian whose family migrated to Missouri and Kansas
Somato-visceral reflex
Mid-sagittal plane
Conservatively in proportion to the amount of tissue damage which is suspected.

45. In lateral curves - the maximal rotation will occur where?
Freedom of forward/backward bending
For temperature sense
At the apex
External rotator muscles.

46. Most reliable palpatory finding of a suspected disease process.
Evert the foot
Mobility changes
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Cuboid

47. A physical finding as 'rotated right' would imply what?
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust
Anterior to the sacral base
Musculoskeletal

48. The first professional organized school of Osteopathy.
Fascia
Spondylolisthesis
American School of Osteopathy - Kirksville - MO
Right roation is freer than left rotation and left rotation is restricted.

49. Involvement of the greater splanchnic nerves directly modifies what?
Proprioceptive muscle spindle reflex
Sympathetics via celiac plexus
Mobility changes
Difference in iliac crest heighths

50. The ligaments of the vertebral column serve to help limit motion where?
Facilitation
Groups
Engaging the barrier - followed by a short - quick thrust
At its extremes