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Test your basic knowledge |
PA Bar Exam
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
law
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Marriage - in addition to the unities of time - title - interest and possession - is a necessary element in order for an estate to be held as tenants by the entireties.
Tenancy by the Entireties
Removal to Action to Federal Court
Fair Reporting Privilege
Landlord Duties
2. A public official must establish by clear and convincing evidence that a defamatory statement was made with 'actual malice'; that is it was made with actual knowledge that the statement was false or with reckless disregard of whether the statement wa
Revocation of Acceptance
Liquidated Damages
Sharehold Derivative Suit
1st Amendment Free Speech (Defamation
3. No petitioner is entitled to receive an award of alimony where the petitioner - subsequent to divorce - has entered into cohabitation with a person of the opposite sex who is not a family member. Cohabitation may be shown by evidence of financial - s
Jgmt on the Pleadings
Buyer's duties (rejected goods)
Board of Directors (Removal)
Alimony
4. A deed containing the phrase 'will warrant specially the property hereby conveyed' will be construed to be a special warranty deed. A deed of special warranty obligates a grantor to defend title only against those claiming superior title by - under o
Implied Warranty Construction Contract
Taxability of Sale of Residence
Special Warranty Deed
Negligence (Malpractice)
5. The value of property acquired prior to marriage is non-marital property. The increase in value of premarital assets during the marriage is marital property subject to equitable distribution. The value of property received by inheritance during the m
Fed Tax (Advancement)
Pat Down Search
Equitable Division
4th Amendment Govt Employers
6. Standing requires an injury to P fairly traceable to the Ds conduct. An organization may have standing to sue on behalf of its members if the members would have standing - the interests it seeks to protect are germane to its purpose - and neither the
Standing
Ademption
Proper Service of Complaint
Special Warranty Deed
7. Income from gambling constitutes gross taxable income - while losses may be deducted.
Unconcionable Contract Provision (UCC)
Summary Jugment
Supression of Evidence
Gambling Winnings and Losses
8. Generally - a promise to answer for the debts of another must be in writing to be enforceable. If the main object of the promisor is to serve his own pecuniary or business purpose - then SOF does not apply.
Fair Reporting Privilege
Restrictive Covenant (Enforcement)
Oral Agreements (SOF)
Codicil
9. T can incorporate by reference a document into her will so long as said document is in existence at the time at which the will is executed. Document to be incorporated by reference must be sufficiently identified in the will and its incorporation mus
Anticipatory Repudiation
Incorporation by Reference
Devise of Encumbered Property
Mitigation of Damages
10. Exists where uncertainty arises from extrinsic facts or circumstances in relation to the legatees named in the will. Where a latent ambiguity exists - extrinsic evidence is admissible to explainor clarify the ambiguity.
Damages
Age Discrimination
Dormant Commerce Clause
Latent Ambiguity
11. PA recording statute protects BFPs for value who record first. A BFP is one who pays valuable consideration for land without notice of prior unrecorded deeds or conveyances and acts in good faith.
Perjury
Estates (Advancement)
Recording Statute
Applicability of Express Warranty
12. Occurs when a person takes the property of another with intent to deprive them of it.
Theft
Oral Agreements (SOF)
Fair Reporting Privilege
Statute of Frauds
13. A search or seizure carried out in a residence without a search warrant is per se unreasonable subject to a few exceptions. An exception to the warrant requirement is consent which must be unequivocal - specific and voluntary. Consent will not be fou
Conditional Devise
Corporate Opportunity
Present-sense Impression
4th Amendment Search and Seizure
14. A privilege available to a newspaper for publication of accurate accounts of proceedings that may contain defamatory communications.
Incorporation by Reference
Criminal Conspiracy
Forgery
Fair Reporting Privilege
15. Marital misconduct may not be considered at an equitable division hearing. The Court should consider the parties' income as one factor in determining equitable property division.
Fair Reporting Privilege
Terroristic Threats
Burglary
Equitable Division
16. A contract for a testamentary bequest will not be enforced unless the will contains material provisions of the contract - or there is an express reference in the will to the contract plus extrinsic evidence thereof - or there is a separate non-testam
Duty to Minority Shareholders
Bequests
Entrapment
Joint Tenancy (Severance)
17. Parties must be merchants. Memo must contain additional terms. Additional terms are added if they do not materially alter the contract.
Merchants Confirming Memo
Latent Ambiguity
Treasure Trove
Unconcionable Contract Provision (UCC)
18. Reasonable expansion of use of prescriptive easement allowed if not too burdensome to servient estate. Factors to consider: 1) Increase in size distinguished from increased use; 2) change in purpose of use; 3) Increased burden on servient estate.
Bona Fide Purchaser
Criminal Conspiracy
RPC (Competence)
Prescriptive Easement (scope)
19. Use of force to aid in escape after committing a theft constitutes robbery.
Duty to Minority Shareholders
Bona Fide Purchaser
Robbery
Lawyer Advertising
20. A person who willfully and intentionally participates in the unlawful killing of another person shall not in any way acquire any property or receive any benefit as a result of the death of that person - and instead shall be deemed to have predeceased
21. Directors generally serve at the will of the shareholders and can be removed by the shareholders with or without cause. Directors may only be removed by the direcors for cause under limited circumstances.
Board of Directors (Removal)
Tax (Life Insurance Policy Proceeds)
Accord and Satisfaction
Treasure Trove
22. Accord is a contract whereby an obligee promises to accept a stated performance in satisfaction of the obligor's original duty. Where there is a dispute between the parties concerning the amount due - consideration for an accord is found when the cre
Criminal Trespass
Notice for Special Meeting
Accord and Satisfaction
Proper Service of Complaint
23. Landlord has a duty to maintain stairwell which is a common area in an apartment building. Landlord must have actual knowledge of a dangerous condition and a reasonable time to repair it.
Mitigation of Damages
Pretermitted Spouse
Board of Directors (Voting)
Landlord Duties
24. A payment by an intestate decedent to his beneficiary accompanied by a writing that the payment is an advancement will be considered as partial payment of that beneficiary's inheritance.
CP (New Matter/Answer)
Estates (Advancement)
Liquidated Damages
Terroristic Threats
25. Buyer must hold the goods and await instructions from the Seller. If no instructions are forthcoming - Buyer must sell the goods for the benefit of the Seller - withholding reasonable expenses and a commission.
26. Only actions which fall within original jurisdiction of the District Court can be removed. Identification of federal question and diversity of citizenship as grounds for jurisdiction.
Mutual Mistake
Gift of Stock
Defense of Minority
Removal to Action to Federal Court
27. Elements: 1) Does the restriction touch and concern the land; 2) is there intent to be bound (based on language - purposes and conditions surrounding the execution of the covenant). Actual notice to the successive owner of the existence of the covena
Defense of Minority
Equitable Division
Restrictive Covenant (Enforcement)
Summary Jugment
28. There is a constructive eviction where the implied covenant for the quiet enjoyment of leased premises is breached. To establish a constructive eviction - there must be substantial interference with quiet enjoyment of leased premises - such that it d
Fair Reporting Privilege
Kidnapping
Hearsay
Constructive Eviction
29. Generally - a parent is obligated to support his child who is under 18. If a court determines that a child under 18 is emancipated - support will terminate. In determining whether a child is emancipated - the Court will look at the child's age - mari
Emancipation
Corporate Opportunity
Procedural Due Process
Standing
30. Conditional devise must be strictly construed and reasonable construction of language must be given in favor of beneficiary. A condition to a devise must be express and not implied.
Theft by Deception
Conditional Devise
Removal to Action to Federal Court
Terroristic Threats
31. A verdict is against the weight of the evidence where the verdict constitutes a miscarriage of justice or shocks the conscience of the Court - or is such that no reasonable jury could have reached the same conclusion.
CP (Motion for New Trial)
Corporate Opportunity
Retraint on Alienation
Present-sense Impression
32. Restitution made is generally deductible in the year made.
Destruction of Identified Goods
Deductibility of Restitution
Receiving Stolen Property
Estates (Advancement)
33. A joint tenant can convey his interest or less than his entire interest in property held as joint tenancy with right of survivorship. A conveyance of joint tenant's interest to a third party severs the joint tenancy. Upon severance - joint tenancy wi
Joint Tenancy (Severance)
Deed (Delivery)
1st Amendment Free Association
Destruction of Identified Goods
34. Temporary detention of person by show of force for investigative purposes constitutes seizure - which must be based on reasonable suspicion rather than a warrant. Officer conducting investigative detention may conduct pat down search for weapons wher
Pat Down Search
2nd Degree Murder
Lawyer Advertising
Equitable Division
35. Work product doctrine protects work performed by an attorney in anticipation of litigation from disclosure. Attorney work product may be discovered if the party seeking discovery has a substantial need for the materials to prepare their case and is u
ADEA (shifting burdens)
Attorney Work Product
Deductibility of Restitution
CP (New Matter/Answer)
36. Occurs when one attempts by physical menace to put another in fear of imminent serious bodily injury.
1st Amendment Free Speech (Defamation
Criminal Trespass
Statute of Frauds
Simple Assault
37. In the absence of valid service of process - a court lacks personal jurisdiction over the party invalidly served - and is powerlessto enter judgment against that party.
Pretermitted Spouse
Proper Service of Complaint
Dying Declaration
Landlord Duties
38. Gain on sale or transfer of a home is generally a taxable event for seller. The gain equals the amount realized on sale less the adjusted basis of the property. The adjusted basis includes the original cost plus the cost of any improvements. The amou
Taxability of Sale of Residence
Alimony
Prescriptive Easement (scope)
Liability of Claims After Merger
39. An advancement of an inheritance under intestate laws is not includable in gross income because an inheritance is not includable in gross income. It is fundamentally an inter vivos gift. A payment which is designated as an advancement on an inheritan
Fed Tax (Advancement)
Deed (Delivery)
Impeachment
Latent Ambiguity
40. A direct or indirect threat to commit a crime with intent to terrorize.
Revocation of Acceptance
Terroristic Threats
Attorney Contact w/ Represented Party
Specially Manufactured Goods (SOF)
41. A 3rd party may enforce a contract if the recognition of a right to performance in the beneficiary will effectuate the intention of the parties and the performance will either (a) satisfy an obligation to pay money to the beneficiary; or (b) the circ
Recklessly Endangering
Applicability of Express Warranty
3rd Party Beneficiary
Unconcionable Contract Provision (UCC)
42. Competent representation requires the legal knowledge - skill - thoroughness - and preparation reasonably necessary for the representation.
Contract Formation
RPC (Competence)
Tax (Life Insurance Policy Proceeds)
Codicil
43. Once P establishes prima facie case of discrimination - the burden shifts to D to produce a legit nondiscriminatory reason for the action.
Oral Agreements (SOF)
ADEA (shifting burdens)
Excited Utterance
Negligence (Malpractice)
44. If both parties to a contract are mistaken as to the basis of the bargain or the basic assumption under which the contract was made - the mistake materially affects the parties' performance - and the adversely affected party msut not bear the risk of
Kidnapping
Alimony
Mutual Mistake
Fee Agreements
45. The ADA prohibits discrimination against a qualified individual with a disability because of the disability with respect to discharge or other terms and conditions of employment. The ADA also requires that an employer consider an accomodation which w
RPC (Prospective Client)
Robbery
Board of Directors (Voting)
Americans w/ Disabilites Act
46. Distributions may be authorized by directors with certain limitations such as the equity insolvency test and balance sheet test. Directors owe a duty of care and loyalty to the corporation that they serve. Directors who vote for an improper distribut
Special Warranty Deed
Bequests
Liability of Directors (improper distribution)
Constructive Eviction
47. The PFA law is intended to protect family or household members from future abuse based upon current or past abusive actions. The statute defines abuse as 'placing of another in reasonable fear of imminent serious bodily injury.'
Attorney-Client Communication
Usurpation of Corporate Opportunity (Remedies)
Protection From Abuse Order
Restrictive Covenant (Enforcement)
48. A document which is not admissible to probate as a document incorporated by reference because it was not in existence at the time of the execution of the will in question may nevertheless be admissible to probate as a codicil if in fact it was execut
4th Amendment Search and Seizure
Codicil
Theft
Damages
49. A statement relating to a startling event or condition made while the declarant was under the stress of excitement caused by the event or condition.
RPC (Prospective Client)
Gambling Winnings and Losses
Supression of Evidence
Excited Utterance
50. An attorney who knowingly assists a non-attorney in the unauthorized practice of law is in violation of PA RPC. An attorney may give a seminar on the law to non-lawyers in conjunction with their employment when such knowledge may be beneficial to the
Taxability of Sale of Residence
1st Amendment Free Speech
Unauthorized Practice of Law
Forgery