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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Animal Behavior
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Subject
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pcat
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. System of interactions of many neurons involving the startle response
Startle Response
Critical Periods
Punishment
Reticular Activating system
2. Consisting of threat displays and combat that settles disputes between individuals in population ex: dog growling
Intraspecific Interactions
Internal Control
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Antagonistic behavior
3. Composed of two different reflexes: the inflation and deflation reflexes
Hering-Breuer Reflex
External Modulators
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Coughing
4. Alerts an animal to a significant stimulus -involves the interaction of reticular activating system
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Simple Reflex
Agnostic Displays
Startle Response
5. Process in which environmental patterns or objects presented to a devleoping organism during a brief critical period in early life become accepted permanently as an element of their behavioral environment and included in an animal's behavioral respon
Habituation
Inflation Reflex
Imprinting
Reticular Activating system
6. Stimulated by changes in pH - PCO2 - and PO2
Releaser Phermones
Learned behavior
Stimulus Generalization
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
7. The ability of a conditioned organism to respond to stimuli that are similar but not identical - to the original conditioned stimulus
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Antagonistic behavior
Dominant member
Stimulus Generalization
8. Trigger a reversible behavioral change in the recipient ex: sex attractant - alarm - toxic defensive
Coughing
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Releaser Phermones
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
9. Members of most land-dwelling species defend a limited area or territory from intrusion by other members of the species
Deflation Reflex
Intraspecific Interactions
Territoriality
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
10. Complex - coordinated - and innate behavior responses to specific patterns of stimulation in the environment -innate
Stimulus Discrimination
Complex Reflexes
Fixed-Action Patterns
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
11. Involves conditioning responses to stimuli with the Use of reward or reinforcement
Pecking Order
Fixed-Action Patterns
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Innate
12. If the stimulus is no longer regularly applied - the response tends to recover over time
Complex Reflexes
Behavioral Display
Learning (higher animals)
Spontaneous Recovery
13. Social hierarchy -minimizes violent intraspecific aggressions by defining stable relationships among members of the group
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Releaser Phermones
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Pecking Order
14. Test of conditioning is the determination of whether the condition process is actually necessary for the production of a response by a previously 'neutral stimulus'
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Coughing
Pseudoconditioning
Startle Response
15. Involves adaptive responses to the environment
Learned behavior
Pseudoconditioning
Complex Reflexes
Territoriality
16. Specific behaviors found in all animals which involve the evolution of a variety of complex actions that function as signals in preparation for mating
Primer Phermones
Coughing
Territoriality
Reproductive Displays
17. Produce long-term behavioral and physiological alterations in recipient animals ex: male mice may affect the estrous cycles of females
Primer Phermones
Barareceptor Reflexes
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Intraspecific Interactions
18. Inhibits the expiratory center and stimulates the inspirator center when the lungs are in danger of collapsing
Learning (higher animals)
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Deflation Reflex
Fixed-Action Patterns
19. Instinctual or innate behaviors that are predominant determinants of behavior patterns - and learning plays a relatively minor role in the modification of these predetermined behaviors
Critical Periods
Learning (lower animals)
Startle Response
Imprinting
20. Involves stimulating the brain's pleasure centers with links the lack of pleasure
Simple Reflex
Stimulus Discrimination
Negative Reinforcement
Inflation Reflex
21. Patterns of behavior that are established and maintained mainly by periodic situations -ex: response to a traffic light
Phermones
Punishment
Olfactory Sense
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
22. Involves the ability of th learning organism to respond differentially to slightly different stimuli
Pseudoconditioning
Stimulus Discrimination
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Barareceptor Reflexes
23. Occur as a means of communication between members of a species
Intraspecific Interactions
Learned behavior
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Stimulus Discrimination
24. Complex reflex - learned motor pattern -ex: step on brakes when animal runs in front
Punishment
Acquired Reflex
Intraspecific Interactions
Territoriality function
25. The gradual elimination of conditioned responses in the absence of reinforcement
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Releaser
Stimulus Discrimination
External Modulators
26. Unconditioned stimulus is removed or was never sufficiently paired with the conditioned stimulus
Barareceptor Reflexes
Learned behavior
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
27. Affect systemic blood pressure and stimulate the respiratory rate when blood pressure declines
Barareceptor Reflexes
Learned behavior
Punishment
Releaser Phermones
28. The capacity of the nervous system - particularly the cebral cortex - for flexibility -correlated with the capacity for learning adaptive responses
Deflation Reflex
Neurologic Development
Fixed-Action Patterns
Inflation Reflex
29. Innate behavior that has evolved as a signal for communication between members of the same species
Fixed-Action Patterns
Stimulus Generalization
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Behavioral Display
30. Specific time periods during an animal's early development when it is physiologically able to develop specific behavioral patterns
Critical Periods
Fixed-Action Patterns
Phermones
Sneezing
31. Include the elements of the environment that occur in familiar cyclic patterns
Primer Phermones
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
External Modulators
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
32. Ex: coughing and sneezing -operate on the exposure to chemical irritants - toxic vapors - or mechanical stimulation of the respiratory system
Inflation Reflex
Deflation Reflex
Protective Reflexes
Imprinting
33. Response is diminished and finally eliminated in the absence of reinforcement
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Behavioral Display
Pseudoconditioning
Territoriality
34. Stimulus that elicits the behavior of fixed action patterns
Startle Response
Releaser
Neurologic Development
Reflex
35. Established after the organism has been conditioned - whereby stimuli further and further away from the original conditioned stimulus elicit responses with decreasing magnitued
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Startle Response
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
36. Controlled at the spinal chord -the reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water
Startle Response
Behavioral Display
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Simple Reflex
37. Recovery of the conditioned response after extinction
Intraspecific Interactions
Internal Control
Spontaneous Recovery
Punishment
38. Rapid automatic response to a stimulus
Reticular Activating system
Reflex
Spontaneous Recovery
Learned behavior
39. Triggered by irritation of the larynx
Protective Reflexes
Territoriality function
Coughing
Learned behavior
40. Involves the suppression of the normal startle responses to stimuli -repeated stimulation will results in decreased resonsiveness to that stimulus
Habituation
External Modulators
Reticular Activating system
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
41. Substance secreted by animals that influence the behavior of other members of the same species
Spontaneous Recovery
Phermones
Coughing
Olfactory Sense
42. Relatively unlikely to be modified by learning
Innate
Simple Reflex
Deflation Reflex
Imprinting
43. Involves the association of a normally autonomic or visceral response with an environmental stimulus -aka Conditioned Reflex
Critical Periods
Circadian Rhythms
Pecking Order
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
44. Natural bodily rhythms of eating and satiation
Learning (higher animals)
Internal Control
Intraspecific Interactions
Complex Reflexes
45. Daily cycles that when isolated from the natural phases of light and dark - they'll continue with approximate day-to-day phasing -have both internal/external
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Circadian Rhythms
Primer Phermones
46. Involves neural integration at a higher level -ex: brainstem or even cerebrum
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Complex Reflexes
Learning (higher animals)
Territoriality
47. Distributing members of the species so that environmental resources are not depleted in a small region - intraspecifc competition is reduced
Stimulus Discrimination
Territoriality
Territoriality function
Reproductive Displays
48. Animals secrete phermones
Negative Reinforcement
Olfactory Sense
Reticular Activating system
Deflation Reflex
49. Prevents overexpansion of the lungs during forceful breathing
Stimulus Generalization
Learning (lower animals)
Inflation Reflex
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
50. Involves conditioning an organism so that it will stop exhibiting a given behavior pattern
Barareceptor Reflexes
Punishment
Deflation Reflex
Stimulus Generalization