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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Animal Behavior
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Subject
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pcat
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Members of most land-dwelling species defend a limited area or territory from intrusion by other members of the species
Territoriality
Learning (lower animals)
Startle Response
Dominant member
2. Includes providing food - light - or electrical stimulation of the brain's 'pleasure centers.'
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Sneezing
Intraspecific Interactions
3. Trigger a reversible behavioral change in the recipient ex: sex attractant - alarm - toxic defensive
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Learned behavior
Releaser Phermones
Olfactory Sense
4. Will prevail over a subordinate
Dominant member
Learning (higher animals)
Spontaneous Recovery
Territoriality
5. Inhibits the expiratory center and stimulates the inspirator center when the lungs are in danger of collapsing
Habituation
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Phermones
Deflation Reflex
6. Composed of two different reflexes: the inflation and deflation reflexes
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Negative Reinforcement
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
External Modulators
7. Triggered by irritation of the wall of the nasal cavity
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Dominant member
Sneezing
Neurologic Development
8. Involves adaptive responses to the environment
Deflation Reflex
Learned behavior
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Acquired Reflex
9. Ex: coughing and sneezing -operate on the exposure to chemical irritants - toxic vapors - or mechanical stimulation of the respiratory system
Barareceptor Reflexes
Protective Reflexes
Olfactory Sense
Releaser Phermones
10. Involves conditioning responses to stimuli with the Use of reward or reinforcement
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Inflation Reflex
Spontaneous Recovery
11. If the stimulus is no longer regularly applied - the response tends to recover over time
Spontaneous Recovery
Pecking Order
Learning (lower animals)
Stimulus Generalization
12. Submission display -ex: happy dog wagging tail
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Agnostic Displays
Sneezing
Coughing
13. Occur as a means of communication between members of a species
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Inflation Reflex
Intraspecific Interactions
External Modulators
14. Alerts an animal to a significant stimulus -involves the interaction of reticular activating system
Circadian Rhythms
Startle Response
Stimulus Generalization
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
15. Daily cycles that when isolated from the natural phases of light and dark - they'll continue with approximate day-to-day phasing -have both internal/external
Circadian Rhythms
Fixed-Action Patterns
Phermones
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
16. The capacity of the nervous system - particularly the cebral cortex - for flexibility -correlated with the capacity for learning adaptive responses
Neurologic Development
Stimulus Generalization
Critical Periods
Pecking Order
17. Involves neural integration at a higher level -ex: brainstem or even cerebrum
Complex Reflexes
Sneezing
Negative Reinforcement
Agnostic Displays
18. Prevents overexpansion of the lungs during forceful breathing
Neurologic Development
Critical Periods
Habituation
Inflation Reflex
19. System of interactions of many neurons involving the startle response
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Circadian Rhythms
Inflation Reflex
Reticular Activating system
20. The major share of the response to the environment
Complex Reflexes
Learning (lower animals)
Learning (higher animals)
Punishment
21. Test of conditioning is the determination of whether the condition process is actually necessary for the production of a response by a previously 'neutral stimulus'
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Internal Control
Barareceptor Reflexes
Pseudoconditioning
22. Triggered by irritation of the larynx
Circadian Rhythms
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Pseudoconditioning
Coughing
23. Patterns of behavior that are established and maintained mainly by periodic situations -ex: response to a traffic light
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Inflation Reflex
Stimulus Discrimination
Punishment
24. Unconditioned stimulus is removed or was never sufficiently paired with the conditioned stimulus
Punishment
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Reticular Activating system
Olfactory Sense
25. Recovery of the conditioned response after extinction
Spontaneous Recovery
Primer Phermones
Fixed-Action Patterns
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
26. Specific time periods during an animal's early development when it is physiologically able to develop specific behavioral patterns
Critical Periods
Olfactory Sense
Coughing
Imprinting
27. Controlled at the spinal chord -the reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water
Barareceptor Reflexes
Simple Reflex
Olfactory Sense
Imprinting
28. Involves the suppression of the normal startle responses to stimuli -repeated stimulation will results in decreased resonsiveness to that stimulus
Stimulus Generalization
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Releaser Phermones
Habituation
29. Stimulated by changes in pH - PCO2 - and PO2
Critical Periods
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Sneezing
Protective Reflexes
30. Social hierarchy -minimizes violent intraspecific aggressions by defining stable relationships among members of the group
Releaser Phermones
Imprinting
Pecking Order
Protective Reflexes
31. Relatively unlikely to be modified by learning
Critical Periods
Innate
Pecking Order
Territoriality
32. Animals secrete phermones
Stimulus Generalization
Olfactory Sense
Deflation Reflex
Reflex
33. Response is diminished and finally eliminated in the absence of reinforcement
Circadian Rhythms
Critical Periods
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Habituation
34. Substance secreted by animals that influence the behavior of other members of the same species
Intraspecific Interactions
Territoriality
Releaser
Phermones
35. Complex - coordinated - and innate behavior responses to specific patterns of stimulation in the environment -innate
Punishment
Intraspecific Interactions
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Fixed-Action Patterns
36. Complex reflex - learned motor pattern -ex: step on brakes when animal runs in front
Phermones
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Acquired Reflex
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
37. Involves stimulating the brain's pleasure centers with links the lack of pleasure
Startle Response
Agnostic Displays
Learned behavior
Negative Reinforcement
38. The gradual elimination of conditioned responses in the absence of reinforcement
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Releaser
Stimulus Generalization
39. Stimulus that elicits the behavior of fixed action patterns
Dominant member
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Critical Periods
Releaser
40. Affect systemic blood pressure and stimulate the respiratory rate when blood pressure declines
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Innate
Barareceptor Reflexes
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
41. Established after the organism has been conditioned - whereby stimuli further and further away from the original conditioned stimulus elicit responses with decreasing magnitued
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Simple Reflex
Sneezing
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
42. Instinctual or innate behaviors that are predominant determinants of behavior patterns - and learning plays a relatively minor role in the modification of these predetermined behaviors
Releaser Phermones
Startle Response
Learning (lower animals)
Territoriality
43. The ability of a conditioned organism to respond to stimuli that are similar but not identical - to the original conditioned stimulus
Learned behavior
Behavioral Display
Stimulus Generalization
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
44. Involves the association of a normally autonomic or visceral response with an environmental stimulus -aka Conditioned Reflex
Sneezing
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Agnostic Displays
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
45. Involves the ability of th learning organism to respond differentially to slightly different stimuli
Circadian Rhythms
Barareceptor Reflexes
Startle Response
Stimulus Discrimination
46. Produce long-term behavioral and physiological alterations in recipient animals ex: male mice may affect the estrous cycles of females
Primer Phermones
Reflex
Acquired Reflex
Learned behavior
47. Rapid automatic response to a stimulus
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Negative Reinforcement
Acquired Reflex
Reflex
48. Include the elements of the environment that occur in familiar cyclic patterns
Reticular Activating system
Fixed-Action Patterns
External Modulators
Learned behavior
49. Process in which environmental patterns or objects presented to a devleoping organism during a brief critical period in early life become accepted permanently as an element of their behavioral environment and included in an animal's behavioral respon
Stimulus Generalization
Phermones
Imprinting
Habituation
50. Involves conditioning an organism so that it will stop exhibiting a given behavior pattern
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Releaser Phermones
Punishment
Negative Reinforcement