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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Animal Behavior
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Subject
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pcat
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process in which environmental patterns or objects presented to a devleoping organism during a brief critical period in early life become accepted permanently as an element of their behavioral environment and included in an animal's behavioral respon
Territoriality
Olfactory Sense
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Imprinting
2. Daily cycles that when isolated from the natural phases of light and dark - they'll continue with approximate day-to-day phasing -have both internal/external
Territoriality function
Acquired Reflex
Circadian Rhythms
Releaser Phermones
3. Innate behavior that has evolved as a signal for communication between members of the same species
Imprinting
Internal Control
Habituation
Behavioral Display
4. Specific behaviors found in all animals which involve the evolution of a variety of complex actions that function as signals in preparation for mating
Reproductive Displays
Reticular Activating system
Olfactory Sense
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
5. Natural bodily rhythms of eating and satiation
Startle Response
Pseudoconditioning
Internal Control
Learning (lower animals)
6. Test of conditioning is the determination of whether the condition process is actually necessary for the production of a response by a previously 'neutral stimulus'
Pecking Order
Habituation
Critical Periods
Pseudoconditioning
7. Triggered by irritation of the wall of the nasal cavity
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Sneezing
Intraspecific Interactions
Negative Reinforcement
8. Response is diminished and finally eliminated in the absence of reinforcement
Releaser Phermones
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Imprinting
9. Inhibits the expiratory center and stimulates the inspirator center when the lungs are in danger of collapsing
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Olfactory Sense
Deflation Reflex
Reticular Activating system
10. Submission display -ex: happy dog wagging tail
Territoriality
Learning (lower animals)
Agnostic Displays
Primer Phermones
11. Composed of two different reflexes: the inflation and deflation reflexes
Stimulus Discrimination
Fixed-Action Patterns
Simple Reflex
Hering-Breuer Reflex
12. Affect systemic blood pressure and stimulate the respiratory rate when blood pressure declines
Startle Response
Barareceptor Reflexes
Spontaneous Recovery
Learning (lower animals)
13. Distributing members of the species so that environmental resources are not depleted in a small region - intraspecifc competition is reduced
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Territoriality function
Behavioral Display
Reproductive Displays
14. Involves adaptive responses to the environment
Territoriality function
Phermones
Learned behavior
Learning (lower animals)
15. Patterns of behavior that are established and maintained mainly by periodic situations -ex: response to a traffic light
Sneezing
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Reproductive Displays
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
16. Recovery of the conditioned response after extinction
Barareceptor Reflexes
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Stimulus Generalization
Spontaneous Recovery
17. Instinctual or innate behaviors that are predominant determinants of behavior patterns - and learning plays a relatively minor role in the modification of these predetermined behaviors
Dominant member
Habituation
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Learning (lower animals)
18. Trigger a reversible behavioral change in the recipient ex: sex attractant - alarm - toxic defensive
Protective Reflexes
Releaser Phermones
Circadian Rhythms
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
19. Established after the organism has been conditioned - whereby stimuli further and further away from the original conditioned stimulus elicit responses with decreasing magnitued
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Territoriality
Simple Reflex
Phermones
20. Specific time periods during an animal's early development when it is physiologically able to develop specific behavioral patterns
Reticular Activating system
Stimulus Discrimination
Coughing
Critical Periods
21. Include the elements of the environment that occur in familiar cyclic patterns
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Reflex
External Modulators
Barareceptor Reflexes
22. Alerts an animal to a significant stimulus -involves the interaction of reticular activating system
Pseudoconditioning
Stimulus Discrimination
Startle Response
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
23. Triggered by irritation of the larynx
Coughing
Releaser
Learning (higher animals)
Innate
24. Stimulated by changes in pH - PCO2 - and PO2
Dominant member
Phermones
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Sneezing
25. If the stimulus is no longer regularly applied - the response tends to recover over time
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Spontaneous Recovery
Phermones
Behavioral Display
26. Members of most land-dwelling species defend a limited area or territory from intrusion by other members of the species
Releaser Phermones
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Territoriality
Territoriality function
27. Occur as a means of communication between members of a species
Stimulus Generalization
Pecking Order
Intraspecific Interactions
Deflation Reflex
28. Consisting of threat displays and combat that settles disputes between individuals in population ex: dog growling
Antagonistic behavior
Dominant member
Reflex
Stimulus Generalization
29. Complex - coordinated - and innate behavior responses to specific patterns of stimulation in the environment -innate
Fixed-Action Patterns
Coughing
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
30. Involves the ability of th learning organism to respond differentially to slightly different stimuli
Stimulus Discrimination
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Coughing
Territoriality function
31. Complex reflex - learned motor pattern -ex: step on brakes when animal runs in front
Complex Reflexes
Intraspecific Interactions
Acquired Reflex
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
32. Unconditioned stimulus is removed or was never sufficiently paired with the conditioned stimulus
Critical Periods
Releaser Phermones
Olfactory Sense
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
33. Includes providing food - light - or electrical stimulation of the brain's 'pleasure centers.'
Imprinting
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Pecking Order
Hering-Breuer Reflex
34. Will prevail over a subordinate
Agnostic Displays
Reticular Activating system
Dominant member
Coughing
35. Substance secreted by animals that influence the behavior of other members of the same species
Phermones
Territoriality
Behavioral Display
Inflation Reflex
36. Controlled at the spinal chord -the reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Habituation
Coughing
Simple Reflex
37. The ability of a conditioned organism to respond to stimuli that are similar but not identical - to the original conditioned stimulus
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Pecking Order
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Stimulus Generalization
38. Produce long-term behavioral and physiological alterations in recipient animals ex: male mice may affect the estrous cycles of females
Antagonistic behavior
Olfactory Sense
Protective Reflexes
Primer Phermones
39. Involves stimulating the brain's pleasure centers with links the lack of pleasure
Negative Reinforcement
Releaser Phermones
External Modulators
Circadian Rhythms
40. The gradual elimination of conditioned responses in the absence of reinforcement
Reticular Activating system
External Modulators
Coughing
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
41. Relatively unlikely to be modified by learning
Learning (lower animals)
Spontaneous Recovery
Innate
Reticular Activating system
42. Prevents overexpansion of the lungs during forceful breathing
Antagonistic behavior
Intraspecific Interactions
Inflation Reflex
Internal Control
43. The major share of the response to the environment
External Modulators
Reflex
Learning (higher animals)
Punishment
44. Involves conditioning an organism so that it will stop exhibiting a given behavior pattern
Reticular Activating system
Fixed-Action Patterns
Barareceptor Reflexes
Punishment
45. Social hierarchy -minimizes violent intraspecific aggressions by defining stable relationships among members of the group
Pecking Order
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Spontaneous Recovery
Inflation Reflex
46. Stimulus that elicits the behavior of fixed action patterns
Releaser
Punishment
Innate
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
47. Animals secrete phermones
Olfactory Sense
Primer Phermones
Stimulus Generalization
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
48. The capacity of the nervous system - particularly the cebral cortex - for flexibility -correlated with the capacity for learning adaptive responses
Neurologic Development
Internal Control
Territoriality
Sneezing
49. Involves the association of a normally autonomic or visceral response with an environmental stimulus -aka Conditioned Reflex
Acquired Reflex
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Pecking Order
50. Involves neural integration at a higher level -ex: brainstem or even cerebrum
Protective Reflexes
Stimulus Generalization
Complex Reflexes
Learning (lower animals)