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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Animal Behavior
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Subject
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pcat
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specific time periods during an animal's early development when it is physiologically able to develop specific behavioral patterns
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Innate
Critical Periods
2. Involves conditioning responses to stimuli with the Use of reward or reinforcement
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Complex Reflexes
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Negative Reinforcement
3. System of interactions of many neurons involving the startle response
Reticular Activating system
Spontaneous Recovery
Intraspecific Interactions
Complex Reflexes
4. The gradual elimination of conditioned responses in the absence of reinforcement
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Sneezing
5. Instinctual or innate behaviors that are predominant determinants of behavior patterns - and learning plays a relatively minor role in the modification of these predetermined behaviors
Dominant member
Learning (lower animals)
Reflex
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
6. Involves adaptive responses to the environment
Protective Reflexes
Territoriality
Imprinting
Learned behavior
7. Innate behavior that has evolved as a signal for communication between members of the same species
Learning (higher animals)
Behavioral Display
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Olfactory Sense
8. Unconditioned stimulus is removed or was never sufficiently paired with the conditioned stimulus
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Punishment
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
9. Triggered by irritation of the wall of the nasal cavity
Innate
Sneezing
Reproductive Displays
Antagonistic behavior
10. Substance secreted by animals that influence the behavior of other members of the same species
Phermones
Reticular Activating system
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Neurologic Development
11. Trigger a reversible behavioral change in the recipient ex: sex attractant - alarm - toxic defensive
Habituation
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Olfactory Sense
Releaser Phermones
12. Distributing members of the species so that environmental resources are not depleted in a small region - intraspecifc competition is reduced
Pseudoconditioning
Territoriality function
Coughing
Intraspecific Interactions
13. Complex - coordinated - and innate behavior responses to specific patterns of stimulation in the environment -innate
Fixed-Action Patterns
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Reticular Activating system
Learning (higher animals)
14. Alerts an animal to a significant stimulus -involves the interaction of reticular activating system
Startle Response
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Dominant member
Olfactory Sense
15. Prevents overexpansion of the lungs during forceful breathing
Pecking Order
Inflation Reflex
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Habituation
16. Occur as a means of communication between members of a species
Territoriality function
Intraspecific Interactions
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Complex Reflexes
17. Relatively unlikely to be modified by learning
Innate
Circadian Rhythms
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Pecking Order
18. Ex: coughing and sneezing -operate on the exposure to chemical irritants - toxic vapors - or mechanical stimulation of the respiratory system
Protective Reflexes
Neurologic Development
Reflex
Learned behavior
19. Involves neural integration at a higher level -ex: brainstem or even cerebrum
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Primer Phermones
Complex Reflexes
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
20. Produce long-term behavioral and physiological alterations in recipient animals ex: male mice may affect the estrous cycles of females
Reflex
Barareceptor Reflexes
Primer Phermones
Inflation Reflex
21. Process in which environmental patterns or objects presented to a devleoping organism during a brief critical period in early life become accepted permanently as an element of their behavioral environment and included in an animal's behavioral respon
Innate
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Imprinting
Olfactory Sense
22. Triggered by irritation of the larynx
Coughing
Reproductive Displays
Intraspecific Interactions
Learning (lower animals)
23. Members of most land-dwelling species defend a limited area or territory from intrusion by other members of the species
Antagonistic behavior
Internal Control
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Territoriality
24. Involves the ability of th learning organism to respond differentially to slightly different stimuli
Stimulus Discrimination
Habituation
Pseudoconditioning
Agnostic Displays
25. Controlled at the spinal chord -the reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water
Critical Periods
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Simple Reflex
Phermones
26. Complex reflex - learned motor pattern -ex: step on brakes when animal runs in front
Learning (lower animals)
Acquired Reflex
Reflex
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
27. Established after the organism has been conditioned - whereby stimuli further and further away from the original conditioned stimulus elicit responses with decreasing magnitued
Inflation Reflex
Innate
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Acquired Reflex
28. Animals secrete phermones
Olfactory Sense
Dominant member
Coughing
Spontaneous Recovery
29. Natural bodily rhythms of eating and satiation
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Behavioral Display
Internal Control
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
30. Involves conditioning an organism so that it will stop exhibiting a given behavior pattern
Acquired Reflex
Punishment
Stimulus Discrimination
Negative Reinforcement
31. Stimulus that elicits the behavior of fixed action patterns
Releaser
Imprinting
Fixed-Action Patterns
External Modulators
32. Involves stimulating the brain's pleasure centers with links the lack of pleasure
Stimulus Generalization
Antagonistic behavior
Negative Reinforcement
Behavioral Display
33. Involves the suppression of the normal startle responses to stimuli -repeated stimulation will results in decreased resonsiveness to that stimulus
Habituation
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Pecking Order
Negative Reinforcement
34. Recovery of the conditioned response after extinction
Primer Phermones
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Spontaneous Recovery
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
35. Will prevail over a subordinate
Releaser Phermones
Circadian Rhythms
Dominant member
Acquired Reflex
36. Response is diminished and finally eliminated in the absence of reinforcement
Fixed-Action Patterns
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
37. Daily cycles that when isolated from the natural phases of light and dark - they'll continue with approximate day-to-day phasing -have both internal/external
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Startle Response
Neurologic Development
Circadian Rhythms
38. Include the elements of the environment that occur in familiar cyclic patterns
External Modulators
Fixed-Action Patterns
Simple Reflex
Barareceptor Reflexes
39. Rapid automatic response to a stimulus
Releaser Phermones
Barareceptor Reflexes
Reflex
Antagonistic behavior
40. Consisting of threat displays and combat that settles disputes between individuals in population ex: dog growling
External Modulators
Learning (lower animals)
Complex Reflexes
Antagonistic behavior
41. The capacity of the nervous system - particularly the cebral cortex - for flexibility -correlated with the capacity for learning adaptive responses
Neurologic Development
Internal Control
Antagonistic behavior
Sneezing
42. Involves the association of a normally autonomic or visceral response with an environmental stimulus -aka Conditioned Reflex
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Fixed-Action Patterns
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
43. Includes providing food - light - or electrical stimulation of the brain's 'pleasure centers.'
Reticular Activating system
Phermones
Complex Reflexes
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
44. Composed of two different reflexes: the inflation and deflation reflexes
Sneezing
Territoriality
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Complex Reflexes
45. Inhibits the expiratory center and stimulates the inspirator center when the lungs are in danger of collapsing
Pecking Order
Critical Periods
Deflation Reflex
Territoriality
46. Patterns of behavior that are established and maintained mainly by periodic situations -ex: response to a traffic light
Sneezing
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Learning (lower animals)
Fixed-Action Patterns
47. Test of conditioning is the determination of whether the condition process is actually necessary for the production of a response by a previously 'neutral stimulus'
Acquired Reflex
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Negative Reinforcement
Pseudoconditioning
48. Affect systemic blood pressure and stimulate the respiratory rate when blood pressure declines
Antagonistic behavior
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Territoriality function
Barareceptor Reflexes
49. Specific behaviors found in all animals which involve the evolution of a variety of complex actions that function as signals in preparation for mating
Learning (lower animals)
Sneezing
Startle Response
Reproductive Displays
50. Submission display -ex: happy dog wagging tail
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Agnostic Displays
Critical Periods
Fixed-Action Patterns