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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Animal Behavior
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Subject
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pcat
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Distributing members of the species so that environmental resources are not depleted in a small region - intraspecifc competition is reduced
Negative Reinforcement
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Intraspecific Interactions
Territoriality function
2. Involves adaptive responses to the environment
Learned behavior
Punishment
Spontaneous Recovery
Critical Periods
3. Established after the organism has been conditioned - whereby stimuli further and further away from the original conditioned stimulus elicit responses with decreasing magnitued
Territoriality function
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
External Modulators
4. Stimulated by changes in pH - PCO2 - and PO2
External Modulators
Protective Reflexes
Negative Reinforcement
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
5. Inhibits the expiratory center and stimulates the inspirator center when the lungs are in danger of collapsing
Innate
Learning (lower animals)
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Deflation Reflex
6. Involves the association of a normally autonomic or visceral response with an environmental stimulus -aka Conditioned Reflex
Learning (lower animals)
Deflation Reflex
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
7. Triggered by irritation of the larynx
Fixed-Action Patterns
Coughing
Protective Reflexes
Pecking Order
8. Recovery of the conditioned response after extinction
Reproductive Displays
Fixed-Action Patterns
Spontaneous Recovery
Sneezing
9. Composed of two different reflexes: the inflation and deflation reflexes
Releaser Phermones
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Imprinting
Territoriality function
10. Animals secrete phermones
Releaser
Spontaneous Recovery
Startle Response
Olfactory Sense
11. Relatively unlikely to be modified by learning
Critical Periods
Fixed-Action Patterns
Phermones
Innate
12. Patterns of behavior that are established and maintained mainly by periodic situations -ex: response to a traffic light
Inflation Reflex
Reticular Activating system
Behavioral Display
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
13. Test of conditioning is the determination of whether the condition process is actually necessary for the production of a response by a previously 'neutral stimulus'
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Dominant member
Spontaneous Recovery
Pseudoconditioning
14. Involves conditioning an organism so that it will stop exhibiting a given behavior pattern
Punishment
Barareceptor Reflexes
Pseudoconditioning
Neurologic Development
15. Controlled at the spinal chord -the reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Punishment
Simple Reflex
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
16. Include the elements of the environment that occur in familiar cyclic patterns
External Modulators
Startle Response
Punishment
Inflation Reflex
17. Specific behaviors found in all animals which involve the evolution of a variety of complex actions that function as signals in preparation for mating
Sneezing
Reproductive Displays
Stimulus Discrimination
Habituation
18. Specific time periods during an animal's early development when it is physiologically able to develop specific behavioral patterns
Punishment
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Innate
Critical Periods
19. Involves neural integration at a higher level -ex: brainstem or even cerebrum
Complex Reflexes
Inflation Reflex
Reflex
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
20. Social hierarchy -minimizes violent intraspecific aggressions by defining stable relationships among members of the group
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Pecking Order
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
21. If the stimulus is no longer regularly applied - the response tends to recover over time
Punishment
Acquired Reflex
Spontaneous Recovery
Startle Response
22. Natural bodily rhythms of eating and satiation
Intraspecific Interactions
Internal Control
Stimulus Generalization
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
23. Includes providing food - light - or electrical stimulation of the brain's 'pleasure centers.'
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Simple Reflex
Internal Control
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
24. Prevents overexpansion of the lungs during forceful breathing
Inflation Reflex
Antagonistic behavior
Coughing
Negative Reinforcement
25. The gradual elimination of conditioned responses in the absence of reinforcement
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Sneezing
Agnostic Displays
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
26. Instinctual or innate behaviors that are predominant determinants of behavior patterns - and learning plays a relatively minor role in the modification of these predetermined behaviors
Phermones
Stimulus Discrimination
Learning (lower animals)
Sneezing
27. Ex: coughing and sneezing -operate on the exposure to chemical irritants - toxic vapors - or mechanical stimulation of the respiratory system
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Negative Reinforcement
Protective Reflexes
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
28. Rapid automatic response to a stimulus
Releaser Phermones
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Reflex
Complex Reflexes
29. Innate behavior that has evolved as a signal for communication between members of the same species
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Learned behavior
Behavioral Display
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
30. The ability of a conditioned organism to respond to stimuli that are similar but not identical - to the original conditioned stimulus
Learning (higher animals)
Olfactory Sense
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Stimulus Generalization
31. Substance secreted by animals that influence the behavior of other members of the same species
Releaser
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Dominant member
Phermones
32. Members of most land-dwelling species defend a limited area or territory from intrusion by other members of the species
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Territoriality
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
33. Involves the suppression of the normal startle responses to stimuli -repeated stimulation will results in decreased resonsiveness to that stimulus
Phermones
Reticular Activating system
Habituation
Imprinting
34. Consisting of threat displays and combat that settles disputes between individuals in population ex: dog growling
Antagonistic behavior
Neurologic Development
Releaser Phermones
Intraspecific Interactions
35. Affect systemic blood pressure and stimulate the respiratory rate when blood pressure declines
Reflex
Coughing
Protective Reflexes
Barareceptor Reflexes
36. Submission display -ex: happy dog wagging tail
Agnostic Displays
Startle Response
Spontaneous Recovery
Hering-Breuer Reflex
37. The major share of the response to the environment
Simple Reflex
Sneezing
Learning (higher animals)
Punishment
38. Trigger a reversible behavioral change in the recipient ex: sex attractant - alarm - toxic defensive
Releaser Phermones
Behavioral Display
Antagonistic behavior
Spontaneous Recovery
39. Alerts an animal to a significant stimulus -involves the interaction of reticular activating system
Circadian Rhythms
Startle Response
Coughing
Innate
40. Will prevail over a subordinate
Reticular Activating system
Habituation
Dominant member
Negative Reinforcement
41. System of interactions of many neurons involving the startle response
Punishment
Sneezing
Reticular Activating system
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
42. Produce long-term behavioral and physiological alterations in recipient animals ex: male mice may affect the estrous cycles of females
Stimulus Discrimination
Primer Phermones
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Simple Reflex
43. Involves the ability of th learning organism to respond differentially to slightly different stimuli
Dominant member
Imprinting
Releaser Phermones
Stimulus Discrimination
44. Complex - coordinated - and innate behavior responses to specific patterns of stimulation in the environment -innate
Coughing
Neurologic Development
Startle Response
Fixed-Action Patterns
45. Triggered by irritation of the wall of the nasal cavity
Sneezing
Inflation Reflex
Complex Reflexes
Fixed-Action Patterns
46. Involves conditioning responses to stimuli with the Use of reward or reinforcement
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Circadian Rhythms
Coughing
Spontaneous Recovery
47. Complex reflex - learned motor pattern -ex: step on brakes when animal runs in front
Acquired Reflex
Innate
Intraspecific Interactions
External Modulators
48. Process in which environmental patterns or objects presented to a devleoping organism during a brief critical period in early life become accepted permanently as an element of their behavioral environment and included in an animal's behavioral respon
Imprinting
Internal Control
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Behavioral Display
49. Occur as a means of communication between members of a species
Intraspecific Interactions
Primer Phermones
Acquired Reflex
Negative Reinforcement
50. Stimulus that elicits the behavior of fixed action patterns
Releaser
Spontaneous Recovery
Olfactory Sense
Startle Response