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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Animal Behavior
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Subject
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pcat
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process in which environmental patterns or objects presented to a devleoping organism during a brief critical period in early life become accepted permanently as an element of their behavioral environment and included in an animal's behavioral respon
Simple Reflex
Learned behavior
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Imprinting
2. Innate behavior that has evolved as a signal for communication between members of the same species
Reproductive Displays
Behavioral Display
Circadian Rhythms
Reticular Activating system
3. Ex: coughing and sneezing -operate on the exposure to chemical irritants - toxic vapors - or mechanical stimulation of the respiratory system
Internal Control
Territoriality function
Protective Reflexes
Imprinting
4. Trigger a reversible behavioral change in the recipient ex: sex attractant - alarm - toxic defensive
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Barareceptor Reflexes
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Releaser Phermones
5. Specific time periods during an animal's early development when it is physiologically able to develop specific behavioral patterns
Innate
Intraspecific Interactions
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Critical Periods
6. Distributing members of the species so that environmental resources are not depleted in a small region - intraspecifc competition is reduced
Territoriality function
Pseudoconditioning
Imprinting
Reproductive Displays
7. The ability of a conditioned organism to respond to stimuli that are similar but not identical - to the original conditioned stimulus
Circadian Rhythms
Innate
Territoriality function
Stimulus Generalization
8. Prevents overexpansion of the lungs during forceful breathing
Imprinting
Inflation Reflex
Intraspecific Interactions
Olfactory Sense
9. Will prevail over a subordinate
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Behavioral Display
Dominant member
Complex Reflexes
10. Rapid automatic response to a stimulus
Dominant member
Releaser
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Reflex
11. Include the elements of the environment that occur in familiar cyclic patterns
Reflex
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Punishment
External Modulators
12. Involves conditioning an organism so that it will stop exhibiting a given behavior pattern
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Releaser
Punishment
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
13. Relatively unlikely to be modified by learning
Stimulus Generalization
Simple Reflex
Stimulus Discrimination
Innate
14. System of interactions of many neurons involving the startle response
Reticular Activating system
Sneezing
Primer Phermones
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
15. Produce long-term behavioral and physiological alterations in recipient animals ex: male mice may affect the estrous cycles of females
Internal Control
Deflation Reflex
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Primer Phermones
16. Occur as a means of communication between members of a species
Intraspecific Interactions
Complex Reflexes
Protective Reflexes
Circadian Rhythms
17. Response is diminished and finally eliminated in the absence of reinforcement
Stimulus Discrimination
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
18. Recovery of the conditioned response after extinction
Spontaneous Recovery
Circadian Rhythms
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Releaser
19. Involves stimulating the brain's pleasure centers with links the lack of pleasure
Critical Periods
Primer Phermones
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Negative Reinforcement
20. Members of most land-dwelling species defend a limited area or territory from intrusion by other members of the species
Territoriality
Circadian Rhythms
Acquired Reflex
Dominant member
21. Involves the association of a normally autonomic or visceral response with an environmental stimulus -aka Conditioned Reflex
Intraspecific Interactions
Agnostic Displays
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Territoriality function
22. Substance secreted by animals that influence the behavior of other members of the same species
Barareceptor Reflexes
Critical Periods
Phermones
Internal Control
23. Composed of two different reflexes: the inflation and deflation reflexes
Behavioral Display
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Learning (lower animals)
Pseudoconditioning
24. Involves neural integration at a higher level -ex: brainstem or even cerebrum
Learning (higher animals)
Habituation
Sneezing
Complex Reflexes
25. Test of conditioning is the determination of whether the condition process is actually necessary for the production of a response by a previously 'neutral stimulus'
Complex Reflexes
Olfactory Sense
Sneezing
Pseudoconditioning
26. Includes providing food - light - or electrical stimulation of the brain's 'pleasure centers.'
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Releaser
Intraspecific Interactions
27. Unconditioned stimulus is removed or was never sufficiently paired with the conditioned stimulus
Olfactory Sense
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Learning (higher animals)
Neurologic Development
28. Specific behaviors found in all animals which involve the evolution of a variety of complex actions that function as signals in preparation for mating
Primer Phermones
Circadian Rhythms
Learned behavior
Reproductive Displays
29. Affect systemic blood pressure and stimulate the respiratory rate when blood pressure declines
Barareceptor Reflexes
Negative Reinforcement
Reticular Activating system
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
30. Social hierarchy -minimizes violent intraspecific aggressions by defining stable relationships among members of the group
Pecking Order
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Hering-Breuer Reflex
31. Involves the suppression of the normal startle responses to stimuli -repeated stimulation will results in decreased resonsiveness to that stimulus
Complex Reflexes
External Modulators
Imprinting
Habituation
32. Inhibits the expiratory center and stimulates the inspirator center when the lungs are in danger of collapsing
Olfactory Sense
Critical Periods
Antagonistic behavior
Deflation Reflex
33. Animals secrete phermones
Olfactory Sense
Fixed-Action Patterns
Learning (lower animals)
Reticular Activating system
34. Stimulated by changes in pH - PCO2 - and PO2
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Intraspecific Interactions
Negative Reinforcement
Releaser
35. Instinctual or innate behaviors that are predominant determinants of behavior patterns - and learning plays a relatively minor role in the modification of these predetermined behaviors
Learned behavior
Learning (lower animals)
Pseudoconditioning
Primer Phermones
36. Involves adaptive responses to the environment
Learned behavior
Reflex
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Complex Reflexes
37. Triggered by irritation of the wall of the nasal cavity
Spontaneous Recovery
Sneezing
Pecking Order
Antagonistic behavior
38. Stimulus that elicits the behavior of fixed action patterns
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Intraspecific Interactions
Pecking Order
Releaser
39. Alerts an animal to a significant stimulus -involves the interaction of reticular activating system
Olfactory Sense
Primer Phermones
Phermones
Startle Response
40. Involves the ability of th learning organism to respond differentially to slightly different stimuli
Reproductive Displays
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Stimulus Discrimination
Internal Control
41. Consisting of threat displays and combat that settles disputes between individuals in population ex: dog growling
Protective Reflexes
Antagonistic behavior
Phermones
External Modulators
42. Controlled at the spinal chord -the reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water
Learning (lower animals)
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Complex Reflexes
Simple Reflex
43. If the stimulus is no longer regularly applied - the response tends to recover over time
Inflation Reflex
Punishment
Spontaneous Recovery
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
44. Triggered by irritation of the larynx
Spontaneous Recovery
Behavioral Display
Coughing
Releaser
45. Patterns of behavior that are established and maintained mainly by periodic situations -ex: response to a traffic light
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Stimulus Discrimination
Coughing
Learning (lower animals)
46. The capacity of the nervous system - particularly the cebral cortex - for flexibility -correlated with the capacity for learning adaptive responses
Neurologic Development
Reticular Activating system
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Reproductive Displays
47. Complex reflex - learned motor pattern -ex: step on brakes when animal runs in front
Stimulus Discrimination
Fixed-Action Patterns
Acquired Reflex
Circadian Rhythms
48. The major share of the response to the environment
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Spontaneous Recovery
Learning (higher animals)
Dominant member
49. Daily cycles that when isolated from the natural phases of light and dark - they'll continue with approximate day-to-day phasing -have both internal/external
Circadian Rhythms
Innate
Antagonistic behavior
Habituation
50. Involves conditioning responses to stimuli with the Use of reward or reinforcement
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Learning (lower animals)
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Coughing