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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Animal Behavior
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Subject
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pcat
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Includes providing food - light - or electrical stimulation of the brain's 'pleasure centers.'
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Dominant member
Startle Response
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
2. Process in which environmental patterns or objects presented to a devleoping organism during a brief critical period in early life become accepted permanently as an element of their behavioral environment and included in an animal's behavioral respon
Reproductive Displays
Imprinting
Protective Reflexes
Stimulus Discrimination
3. The major share of the response to the environment
Phermones
Circadian Rhythms
Learning (higher animals)
External Modulators
4. Rapid automatic response to a stimulus
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Imprinting
Phermones
Reflex
5. Occur as a means of communication between members of a species
Intraspecific Interactions
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Reflex
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
6. Social hierarchy -minimizes violent intraspecific aggressions by defining stable relationships among members of the group
Pecking Order
Agnostic Displays
Startle Response
Reticular Activating system
7. Members of most land-dwelling species defend a limited area or territory from intrusion by other members of the species
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Deflation Reflex
Territoriality
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
8. Established after the organism has been conditioned - whereby stimuli further and further away from the original conditioned stimulus elicit responses with decreasing magnitued
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Pecking Order
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Circadian Rhythms
9. Complex reflex - learned motor pattern -ex: step on brakes when animal runs in front
Reproductive Displays
Phermones
Spontaneous Recovery
Acquired Reflex
10. Affect systemic blood pressure and stimulate the respiratory rate when blood pressure declines
Barareceptor Reflexes
Innate
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Critical Periods
11. Composed of two different reflexes: the inflation and deflation reflexes
Startle Response
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Pecking Order
Critical Periods
12. Complex - coordinated - and innate behavior responses to specific patterns of stimulation in the environment -innate
Territoriality function
Antagonistic behavior
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Fixed-Action Patterns
13. Involves conditioning responses to stimuli with the Use of reward or reinforcement
Releaser Phermones
Primer Phermones
Coughing
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
14. Involves stimulating the brain's pleasure centers with links the lack of pleasure
Negative Reinforcement
Reproductive Displays
Protective Reflexes
Learned behavior
15. Will prevail over a subordinate
Reflex
Reticular Activating system
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
Dominant member
16. Unconditioned stimulus is removed or was never sufficiently paired with the conditioned stimulus
Classical Conditioning (extinction)
Territoriality
Stimulus Discrimination
Learning (higher animals)
17. If the stimulus is no longer regularly applied - the response tends to recover over time
Pseudoconditioning
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Habituation
Spontaneous Recovery
18. Trigger a reversible behavioral change in the recipient ex: sex attractant - alarm - toxic defensive
Behavioral Display
Pecking Order
Barareceptor Reflexes
Releaser Phermones
19. Stimulated by changes in pH - PCO2 - and PO2
Fixed-Action Patterns
Chemoreceptor Reflexes
Intraspecific Interactions
Releaser
20. Recovery of the conditioned response after extinction
Spontaneous Recovery
Critical Periods
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Dominant member
21. Involves conditioning an organism so that it will stop exhibiting a given behavior pattern
Pecking Order
Punishment
Spontaneous Recovery
Dominant member
22. Submission display -ex: happy dog wagging tail
Reproductive Displays
Agnostic Displays
Learning (lower animals)
Phermones
23. Response is diminished and finally eliminated in the absence of reinforcement
Instrumental/Operant conditioning (extinction)
Learning (higher animals)
Pecking Order
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
24. Relatively unlikely to be modified by learning
Releaser Phermones
Fixed-Action Patterns
Releaser
Innate
25. Triggered by irritation of the larynx
Coughing
Intraspecific Interactions
Spontaneous Recovery
Dominant member
26. Consisting of threat displays and combat that settles disputes between individuals in population ex: dog growling
Pecking Order
Neurologic Development
Antagonistic behavior
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
27. Specific behaviors found in all animals which involve the evolution of a variety of complex actions that function as signals in preparation for mating
Barareceptor Reflexes
Territoriality
Reproductive Displays
Pecking Order
28. Animals secrete phermones
Olfactory Sense
Protective Reflexes
Pecking Order
Internal Control
29. Test of conditioning is the determination of whether the condition process is actually necessary for the production of a response by a previously 'neutral stimulus'
Protective Reflexes
Pseudoconditioning
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
Deflation Reflex
30. Alerts an animal to a significant stimulus -involves the interaction of reticular activating system
Startle Response
Simple Reflex
Punishment
Learning (higher animals)
31. Instinctual or innate behaviors that are predominant determinants of behavior patterns - and learning plays a relatively minor role in the modification of these predetermined behaviors
Learning (lower animals)
Startle Response
Negative Reinforcement
Acquired Reflex
32. Patterns of behavior that are established and maintained mainly by periodic situations -ex: response to a traffic light
Phermones
Spontaneous Recovery
Environmental Rhythms/Stimuli
Barareceptor Reflexes
33. Daily cycles that when isolated from the natural phases of light and dark - they'll continue with approximate day-to-day phasing -have both internal/external
Protective Reflexes
Circadian Rhythms
Learned behavior
Sneezing
34. Include the elements of the environment that occur in familiar cyclic patterns
Spontaneous Recovery
Phermones
Neurologic Development
External Modulators
35. Involves the association of a normally autonomic or visceral response with an environmental stimulus -aka Conditioned Reflex
Learning (lower animals)
Negative Reinforcement
Internal Control
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
36. Ex: coughing and sneezing -operate on the exposure to chemical irritants - toxic vapors - or mechanical stimulation of the respiratory system
Reflex
Complex Reflexes
Protective Reflexes
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
37. Inhibits the expiratory center and stimulates the inspirator center when the lungs are in danger of collapsing
Primer Phermones
Dominant member
Imprinting
Deflation Reflex
38. Distributing members of the species so that environmental resources are not depleted in a small region - intraspecifc competition is reduced
Learning (higher animals)
Territoriality function
Stimulus Generalization
Internal Control
39. The ability of a conditioned organism to respond to stimuli that are similar but not identical - to the original conditioned stimulus
Territoriality function
Stimulus Generalization
Pseudoconditioning
Coughing
40. Stimulus that elicits the behavior of fixed action patterns
Reflex
Releaser
Agnostic Displays
Pseudoconditioning
41. Involves adaptive responses to the environment
Learned behavior
Habituation
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Barareceptor Reflexes
42. The capacity of the nervous system - particularly the cebral cortex - for flexibility -correlated with the capacity for learning adaptive responses
Circadian Rhythms
Operant/Instrumental Conditioning
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Neurologic Development
43. Produce long-term behavioral and physiological alterations in recipient animals ex: male mice may affect the estrous cycles of females
Internal Control
Acquired Reflex
Behavioral Display
Primer Phermones
44. Prevents overexpansion of the lungs during forceful breathing
Territoriality
Hering-Breuer Reflex
Inflation Reflex
Internal Control
45. Specific time periods during an animal's early development when it is physiologically able to develop specific behavioral patterns
Acquired Reflex
Critical Periods
Territoriality function
Reproductive Displays
46. Involves neural integration at a higher level -ex: brainstem or even cerebrum
Reflex
Primer Phermones
Complex Reflexes
Sneezing
47. Triggered by irritation of the wall of the nasal cavity
Sneezing
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Behavioral Display
Coughing
48. The gradual elimination of conditioned responses in the absence of reinforcement
Intraspecific Interactions
Extinction (modification of conditioned behavior)
Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning
Stimulus Generalization Gradient
49. Involves the ability of th learning organism to respond differentially to slightly different stimuli
Positive Reinforcement/Reward
External Modulators
Spontaneous Recovery
Stimulus Discrimination
50. Natural bodily rhythms of eating and satiation
Critical Periods
Coughing
Internal Control
Circadian Rhythms