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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






2. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






3. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






4. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






5. Stimulates the parietal cells to produce a substance (HCl) that denatures proteins and activates digestive enzymes






6. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






7. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






8. Enzymes are secreted to digest the fly and absorb the soluble end products






9. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






10. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






11. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






12. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






13. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






14. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






15. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






16. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






17. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






18. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






19. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






20. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






21. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






22. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






23. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






24. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






25. Finger like projections that extend out of the intestinal wall -contain capillaries and lacteals






26. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






27. Vessels of the lymphatic system






28. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






29. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






30. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






31. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






32. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






33. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






34. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






35. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






36. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






37. Enzyme in saliva which hydrolyzes starch to maltose






38. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






39. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






40. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






41. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






42. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






43. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






44. To grind the food






45. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






46. Place to store food






47. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






48. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






49. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






50. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis