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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






2. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






3. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






4. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






5. Biting and chewing action of teeth






6. Secretes two substances: intrinsic factor and hydrchloric acid






7. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






8. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






9. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






10. Enzyme in saliva which hydrolyzes starch to maltose






11. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






12. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






13. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






14. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






15. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






16. Finger like projections that extend out of the intestinal wall -contain capillaries and lacteals






17. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






18. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






19. Stimulates the parietal cells to produce a substance (HCl) that denatures proteins and activates digestive enzymes






20. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






21. Place to store food






22. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






23. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for fat digestion






24. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






25. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






26. Lacking lactase enzyme






27. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






28. Have one way digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus






29. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






30. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






31. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






32. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






33. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






34. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






35. To grind the food






36. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






37. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






38. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






39. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






40. Improve food digestion






41. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






42. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






43. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






44. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






45. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






46. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






47. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






48. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






49. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






50. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine