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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






2. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






3. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






4. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






5. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






6. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






7. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






8. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






9. Vessels of the lymphatic system






10. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






11. Have one way digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus






12. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






13. Improve food digestion






14. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






15. Stimulates the parietal cells to produce a substance (HCl) that denatures proteins and activates digestive enzymes






16. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






17. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






18. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






19. Finger like projections that extend out of the intestinal wall -contain capillaries and lacteals






20. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






21. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






22. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






23. To grind the food






24. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






25. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






26. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






27. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






28. Lacking lactase enzyme






29. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






30. Biting and chewing action of teeth






31. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






32. Enzymes are secreted to digest the fly and absorb the soluble end products






33. Place to store food






34. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






35. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






36. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






37. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for fat digestion






38. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






39. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






40. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






41. Enzyme in saliva which hydrolyzes starch to maltose






42. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






43. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






44. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






45. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






46. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






47. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






48. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






49. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






50. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose