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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






2. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






3. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






4. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






5. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






6. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






7. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






8. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






9. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






10. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






11. Improve food digestion






12. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






13. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






14. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






15. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






16. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






17. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






18. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






19. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






20. Vessels of the lymphatic system






21. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






22. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






23. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






24. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






25. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






26. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






27. Place to store food






28. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






29. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






30. Biting and chewing action of teeth






31. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






32. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






33. Lacking lactase enzyme






34. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






35. Stimulates the parietal cells to produce a substance (HCl) that denatures proteins and activates digestive enzymes






36. Have one way digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus






37. Finger like projections that extend out of the intestinal wall -contain capillaries and lacteals






38. Secretes two substances: intrinsic factor and hydrchloric acid






39. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






40. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






41. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






42. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






43. To grind the food






44. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






45. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






46. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






47. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






48. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






49. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






50. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production