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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have one way digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus






2. Biting and chewing action of teeth






3. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






4. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






5. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






6. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






7. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






8. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






9. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






10. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






11. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






12. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






13. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






14. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






15. Secretes two substances: intrinsic factor and hydrchloric acid






16. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






17. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






18. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






19. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






20. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






21. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






22. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






23. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






24. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






25. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






26. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






27. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






28. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






29. Improve food digestion






30. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






31. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






32. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






33. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






34. Place to store food






35. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






36. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






37. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






38. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






39. Stimulates the parietal cells to produce a substance (HCl) that denatures proteins and activates digestive enzymes






40. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






41. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






42. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






43. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






44. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






45. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






46. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






47. Finger like projections that extend out of the intestinal wall -contain capillaries and lacteals






48. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






49. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






50. Vessels of the lymphatic system