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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






2. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






3. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






4. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






5. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






6. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






7. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






8. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






9. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






10. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






11. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






12. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






13. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






14. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






15. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






16. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






17. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






18. Enzymes are secreted to digest the fly and absorb the soluble end products






19. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






20. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






21. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






22. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






23. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






24. To grind the food






25. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






26. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






27. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






28. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






29. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






30. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






31. Biting and chewing action of teeth






32. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






33. Lacking lactase enzyme






34. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






35. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






36. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






37. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for fat digestion






38. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






39. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






40. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






41. Have one way digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus






42. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






43. Improve food digestion






44. Enzyme in saliva which hydrolyzes starch to maltose






45. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






46. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






47. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






48. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






49. Stimulates the parietal cells to produce a substance (HCl) that denatures proteins and activates digestive enzymes






50. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)