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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






2. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






3. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






4. Secretes two substances: intrinsic factor and hydrchloric acid






5. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






6. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






7. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






8. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






9. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






10. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






11. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






12. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






13. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






14. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






15. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






16. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






17. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






18. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






19. Stimulates the parietal cells to produce a substance (HCl) that denatures proteins and activates digestive enzymes






20. Lacking lactase enzyme






21. Vessels of the lymphatic system






22. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






23. Biting and chewing action of teeth






24. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






25. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






26. Enzyme in saliva which hydrolyzes starch to maltose






27. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






28. To grind the food






29. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






30. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






31. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






32. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






33. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






34. Improve food digestion






35. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






36. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






37. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






38. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






39. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






40. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






41. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






42. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






43. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






44. Enzymes are secreted to digest the fly and absorb the soluble end products






45. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






46. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for fat digestion






47. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






48. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






49. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






50. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac