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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






2. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






3. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






4. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






5. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






6. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






7. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






8. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






9. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






10. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






11. To grind the food






12. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






13. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






14. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






15. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






16. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






17. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






18. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






19. Finger like projections that extend out of the intestinal wall -contain capillaries and lacteals






20. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






21. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






22. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






23. Vessels of the lymphatic system






24. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






25. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






26. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






27. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






28. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






29. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






30. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






31. Lacking lactase enzyme






32. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






33. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






34. Enzymes are secreted to digest the fly and absorb the soluble end products






35. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






36. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






37. Enzyme in saliva which hydrolyzes starch to maltose






38. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






39. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






40. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






41. Secretes two substances: intrinsic factor and hydrchloric acid






42. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






43. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






44. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






45. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






46. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






47. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






48. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for fat digestion






49. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






50. Have one way digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus