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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






2. Place to store food






3. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






4. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






5. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






6. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






7. Biting and chewing action of teeth






8. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






9. Have one way digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus






10. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






11. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






12. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






13. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






14. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






15. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






16. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






17. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






18. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






19. Vessels of the lymphatic system






20. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






21. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






22. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






23. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






24. Secretes two substances: intrinsic factor and hydrchloric acid






25. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






26. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






27. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






28. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for fat digestion






29. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






30. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






31. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






32. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






33. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






34. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






35. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






36. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






37. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






38. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






39. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






40. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






41. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






42. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






43. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






44. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






45. Enzyme in saliva which hydrolyzes starch to maltose






46. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






47. Lacking lactase enzyme






48. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






49. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






50. Finger like projections that extend out of the intestinal wall -contain capillaries and lacteals