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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






2. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






3. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






4. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






5. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






6. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






7. To grind the food






8. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






9. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






10. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






11. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






12. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






13. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






14. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






15. Biting and chewing action of teeth






16. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






17. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






18. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






19. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






20. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






21. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






22. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






23. Secretes two substances: intrinsic factor and hydrchloric acid






24. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






25. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






26. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






27. Improve food digestion






28. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






29. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






30. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






31. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






32. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






33. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






34. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






35. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






36. Vessels of the lymphatic system






37. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






38. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






39. Enzymes are secreted to digest the fly and absorb the soluble end products






40. Place to store food






41. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






42. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for fat digestion






43. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






44. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






45. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






46. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






47. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






48. Lacking lactase enzyme






49. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






50. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion