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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






2. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






3. Place to store food






4. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






5. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






6. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






7. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






8. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






9. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






10. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






11. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






12. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






13. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






14. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






15. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






16. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






17. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






18. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






19. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






20. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






21. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






22. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






23. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






24. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






25. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






26. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






27. To grind the food






28. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






29. Improve food digestion






30. Enzyme in saliva which hydrolyzes starch to maltose






31. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






32. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






33. Secretes two substances: intrinsic factor and hydrchloric acid






34. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






35. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






36. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






37. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






38. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






39. Lacking lactase enzyme






40. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






41. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






42. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






43. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






44. Biting and chewing action of teeth






45. Vessels of the lymphatic system






46. Enzymes are secreted to digest the fly and absorb the soluble end products






47. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






48. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






49. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






50. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis