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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Finger like projections that extend out of the intestinal wall -contain capillaries and lacteals






2. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






3. Produced and stored in the I cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa






4. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






5. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






6. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






7. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






8. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






9. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






10. To grind the food






11. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






12. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






13. Have one way digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus






14. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






15. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






16. Vessels of the lymphatic system






17. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






18. Place to store food






19. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






20. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






21. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






22. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






23. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






24. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






25. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for fat digestion






26. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






27. Lacking lactase enzyme






28. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






29. Where mechanical and chemical digestion of food begins






30. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






31. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






32. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






33. Produces bile in the gall bladder before release into the small intestine






34. Secreted from intestinal mucosa for digestion of maltose - lactose - sucrose






35. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






36. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






37. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






38. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






39. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






40. Unable to synthesize their own nutrients






41. Secretes two substances: intrinsic factor and hydrchloric acid






42. Biting and chewing action of teeth






43. Converted to pepsin and synthesized by chief cells






44. Contains a typholosole to provide increased surface area for digestiona nd absorption






45. Stimulates the parietal cells to produce a substance (HCl) that denatures proteins and activates digestive enzymes






46. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






47. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






48. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






49. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






50. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining