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PCAT Biology Digestion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large particles of food into small particles begins by cutting and grinding in the mouth and churning in the digestive tract






2. A typical saprophyte that lives on dead organic material - that secrete enzymes into the external environment (on bread)






3. 1.5m long -functions in the absorption of salts and the absorption of any water not already absorbed by the small intestine






4. Biting and chewing action of teeth






5. Decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure is not always associated with the development of GERD; however - the majority of patients






6. Lubricates food to facilitate swallowing and provides a solvent for food particles =secreted in response toa nervous reflex triggered by the presence of food in the oral cavity






7. Produced by the pancreas for fat digestion






8. Accomplished by enzymatic hydrolysis -nutrients pass through the semipermeable plasma membrane of the gut cells to be further metabolized or transported






9. Synthesized and stored in the S cells of the upper intestine -stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-containing substances from the pancreas and inhibits gastric emptying and gastric acid production






10. Line the gastrovascular cavity secrete enzymes into the cavity






11. Secreted by the glands of the stomach which protects the stomach lining from the harshly acidic juices present in the stomach






12. Food is moved down the esophagus by this rhythmic waves of involuntary muscular contraction






13. Enzyme in saliva which hydrolyzes starch to maltose






14. Secretion of the parietal cells that facilitates the absorption of vitamin b12 across the intestinal lining






15. Begins with oral cavity and continues with the pharynx - the esophagus - stomach - small inestine - large intestive - then anus






16. Fuse with the food vacuole and release their digestive enzymes that act upon the nutrients






17. The breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles through mastication






18. Produces enzymes such as amylase - trypsin - lipase






19. Completes chemical digestion -divided into three section: duodenum - jejunum - and the ileum -highly adapted to absorption






20. Occurs within the cell - usually in membrane-bound vesicles






21. Have one way digestive tract with both a mouth and an anus






22. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for fat digestion






23. Degradation of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used directly by cells






24. Stimulates the parietal cells to produce a substance (HCl) that denatures proteins and activates digestive enzymes






25. (Insects) have a digestive system similar to that of the earthworm






26. Refers to the enzymatic breakdown of macromolecules into smaller molecules and begins in the mouth when the salivary glands secrete saliva






27. Secreted by the stomach that is a protein-hydrloyzing enzyme - and hydrochloric acd - which kills bacteria - dissolves the intercellular 'glue' holding food tissues together - and activates certain proteins






28. A large - muscular organ located in the upper abdomen - stores and partially digests food






29. Pseudopods surround and engulf food and enclose it in food vacuoles






30. Produced by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates






31. Improve food digestion






32. Produced by the pancreas for protein digestion






33. When nutrients are required for plants - the storage polymers are broken down to simpler molecules by enzyme hydrolysis






34. Finger like projections that extend out of the intestinal wall -contain capillaries and lacteals






35. Place to store food






36. Uses intracellular and extracellular digestion






37. Secreted from the intestinal mucosa for polypeptide digestion






38. Patients usually have a decreased lower esophageal reflux pressure - leading to an increased passage of stomach contents into the esophagus






39. Can occur after spontaneous transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations not associated with swallowing






40. Secreted from intestinal mucos for digestion of lactose






41. Restin pressures of the lower esophageal sphincter normally range from 15-35mmHg above gastric baseline pressure






42. Provides for transient storage of feces before elimination through the anus






43. Refers to a digestive process that occurs outside of the cell - within a lumen or tract






44. To grind the food






45. Enzymes are secreted - hydrolyzing complex nutrients into simpler molecules - which are then absorbed






46. The muscular tube leading from the mouth to the stomach






47. An acidic - semifluid mixture of partially digested food produced from the churning of the stomach






48. Emulsifies fats - breaking down large globules into small droplets (contains no enzymes)






49. Bring food to the mouth (ingestion) and release the particles intoa cup-like sac






50. Enzymes are secreted to digest the fly and absorb the soluble end products