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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Results from the geographic isolation of a population
Speciation
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
Molds
Isolation
2. When the gene frequencies of a population are not changing - the gene pool is stable - and population is not evolving
Petrification
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Imprints
3. When groups within the branches develop in similar ways when exposed to similar environments -ex: fish and dolphins
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Population
Vestigial Structures
Convergent Evolution
4. Real populations have unstable gene pools and migrating populations -agents of this change are natural selection - mutation - assortive mating -genetic drift - and gene flow
Competition (struggle for survival)
Analogous Structures
Population
Microevolution
5. Colloidal protein molecules tend to clump together to form coacervate Droplets
Formation of Primitive Cells
Natural Selection
Development of Autotrophs
Variations
6. Only changes in the DNA of the sex cells can be inherited -changes acquired during an individual's life are changes in the characteristics and organization of somatic cells
Modern Genetics
Woolly Mammoth
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
Microevolution
7. Migration of individuals between populations that will result in a loss or gain of genes - thus changing the composition of a population's gene pool
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Gene Flow
Homologous Structures
Imprints
8. The emergence of a number of lineages from a single ancestral species -may diverge into a number of distinct species; the differences between them are those adaptive to a distinct lifestyle - or niche
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
Modern Genetics
Adaptive Radiation
Isolation
9. Primitive horse the size of a fox with four toes and short teeth with pointed cusps for feeding on soft leaves
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Fossils
Eohippus
10. Change in the genetic makeup of a population with time -explained by the constant propagation of new variations in the genes of a species - some of which impart an adaptive advantage
Evolution
Microevolution
Adaptive Radiation
Modern Genetics
11. More offspring are produced than can survive
Phylogeny
Development of New Species
Geographic Barriers
Overpopulation
12. Primitive heterotrophs slowly evolved complex biochemical pathways which enabled them to use a wider variety of nutrients -evolved anaerobic respiratory process to convert nutrients into energy -photosynthesis and autotrophic nutrition was developed
Amber
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
Comparative Embryology
Development of Autotrophs
13. Hairy elephant found in the Siberian ice
Woolly Mammoth
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Evolutionary History
Population
14. Most organisms demonstrate the same basic needs and metabolic processes -require the same nutrients and contain similar cellular organelles and energy storage forms
Imprints
Adaptive Radiation
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Speciation
15. Small local population -closely related genetically since mating between members of the same occurs more frequently =influenced by similar environmental factors and thus are subject to the same selection processes
Mutation (Microevolution)
Deme
Population
Convergent Evolution
16. Populations will become sufficiently different from each other to be able to reproduce
Development of New Species
Imprints
Mutation (Microevolution)
Reproductively Isolated
17. Stages of development of the embryo resemble the stages in an organism's evolutionary history
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
Comparative Embryology
Population
Microevolution
18. Individuals that survive (those with favorable variations) live to adulthood - reproduce their own kind - and thus transmit these favorable variations or adaptations to their offspring
Inheritance of the Variations
Convergent Evolution
Evolution
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
19. Offspring naturally show differences in their characteristics compared to their parents
Variations
Natural Selection
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Imprints
20. Appear to be useless but apparently had some ancestral functions
Vestigial Structures
Competition (struggle for survival)
Gene Pool
Molds
21. Developing population must compete for the necessities of life. many young must die - and the number of adults in the population generally remains constant from generation to generation
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Population
Convergent Evolution
Competition (struggle for survival)
22. The decimal fraction representing the presence of an allele for all members of a population that have this particular gene locus
Gene Frequency
Coacervate Droplets
Competition (struggle for survival)
Mutation (Microevolution)
23. The most direct evidence of evolutionary change -represent the remains of an extinct ancestor -generally found in sedimentary rocks
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Fossils
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Dinosaurs
24. Similar functions but may have different evolutionary origins and entirely different patterns of development
Mutation (Microevolution)
Natural Selection
Analogous Structures
Evolutionary History
25. Discredited theory held that new organs or changes in existing ones arose becaUse of the needs of the organism
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
Lamarckian Evolution
Variations
Fossils
26. The closer the organisms in the evolutionary scheme - the greater the similarity of their chemical constituents
Inheritance of the Variations
Microevolution
Genetic Information
Formation of Primitive Cells
27. Formed by minerals deposited in molds
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Casts
Development of New Species
Population
28. Ancient animals similar to both reptiles and birds and dominant in the Mesozoic era
Development of Autotrophs
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Dinosaurs
29. Genotypes with favorable variations are selected thorugh natural selection - and the frequency of favorable genes increases with the genepool. genotypes with low adaptive values tend to disappear
Amber
Natural Selection
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Adaptive Radiation
30. Mates are not randoomly chosen but rather selected according to criteria such as phenotype and proximity - the relative genotype ratios will be affected and will depart from the predictions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
Mutation (Microevolution)
Phylogeny
31. If gene pools within a species become sufficiently different so that two individuals can't mate and produce fertile offspring - two different species have developed
Imprints
Vestigial Structures
Development of New Species
Petrification
32. Change allele frequencies in a population - shifting gene equilibria -can either be favorable or detrimental for the offspring
Archaepteryx
Development of New Species
Actual Remains
Mutation (Microevolution)
33. Incude teeth - bones - etc. rock - tar pits - ice - and amber
Actual Remains
Casts
Petrification
Saber-Tooth Tigers
34. Preserved in asphalt tar pits
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Lamarckian Evolution
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Overpopulation
35. All members of a particular species inhabiting a given locations
Molds
Overpopulation
Gene Frequency
Population
36. The sum total of all the alleles for any given trait in the population
Comparative Embryology
Gene Pool
Casts
Competition (struggle for survival)
37. Common ancestor is found at the trunk and the modern species at the tips of the branches
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Development of Autotrophs
Adaptive Radiation
38. The evolution of new species - which are groups of individuals who can interbreed freely with each other but not with members of other speies
Fossils
Speciation
Competition (struggle for survival)
Lamarckian Evolution
39. Species multiplication is generally accompanied by migration to lessen intraspecific competition
Geographic Barriers
Reproductively Isolated
Fossils
Isolation
40. Population is very large -no mutations affect the gene pool -mating between individuals in the population is random -there is no net migration of individuals into or out of the populations -genes in the population are all equally successful at reprod
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Mutation (Microevolution)
Eohippus
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
41. Stanley L. Miller demonstrated the application of UV rays - heat or a combination of these to a mixture of methane - hydrogen - ammonia - and water could result in the formation of complex molecules -after circulation of the gases for one week - he a
Homologous Structures
Imprints
Development of Autotrophs
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
42. Primitive crustacean (relative to the lobster) - which was dominant form of the early Paleozoic era
Genetic Information
Imprints
Fossils
Trilobite
43. Missing link between reptiles (has teeth and scales) and birds (also has feathers)
Adaptive Radiation
Eohippus
Archaepteryx
Geographic Barriers
44. Dissimilar species ahve been found to have evolved from a common ancestor
Homologous Structures
Casts
Fossils
Evolutionary History
45. Evolutionary history and can be viewed asa branching tree
Overpopulation
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Phylogeny
Geographic Barriers
46. Pressures in the environment select for the organism most fit to survive and reproduce -concluded that a member of a particular species that is equipped with beneficial traits - allowing it to cope effectively with the immediate environment - will pr
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47. A cluster of colloidal molecules surrounded by a shell of water -tend to absorb and incorporate substances from the surrounding environment
Geographic Barriers
Dinosaurs
Development of Autotrophs
Coacervate Droplets
48. P^2+2pq+q^2=1 -p^2=frequency of TT (dominant homozygotes) -2pq=frequency of Tt (heterozygotes) -q^2=frequency of tt (recessive homozygotes)
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
Actual Remains
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
49. Form in hollow spaces of rocks - as the organisms within decay
Natural Selection
Molds
Development of Autotrophs
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
50. Organisms in a species have variations that give them an advantage over other members of the species -organisms may have adaptations that are advantageous for survival
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Natural Selection
Gene Pool
Development of Autotrophs