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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pressures in the environment select for the organism most fit to survive and reproduce -concluded that a member of a particular species that is equipped with beneficial traits - allowing it to cope effectively with the immediate environment - will pr
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2. The evolution of new species - which are groups of individuals who can interbreed freely with each other but not with members of other speies
Geographic Barriers
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Lamarckian Evolution
Speciation
3. Incude teeth - bones - etc. rock - tar pits - ice - and amber
Reproductively Isolated
Actual Remains
Casts
Vestigial Structures
4. Offspring naturally show differences in their characteristics compared to their parents
Actual Remains
Comparative Embryology
Variations
Adaptive Radiation
5. Small local population -closely related genetically since mating between members of the same occurs more frequently =influenced by similar environmental factors and thus are subject to the same selection processes
Deme
Reproductively Isolated
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Amber
6. The decimal fraction representing the presence of an allele for all members of a population that have this particular gene locus
Overpopulation
Mutation (Microevolution)
Gene Frequency
Convergent Evolution
7. Primitive heterotrophs slowly evolved complex biochemical pathways which enabled them to use a wider variety of nutrients -evolved anaerobic respiratory process to convert nutrients into energy -photosynthesis and autotrophic nutrition was developed
Development of Autotrophs
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Gene Flow
Evolution of New Species
8. A cluster of colloidal molecules surrounded by a shell of water -tend to absorb and incorporate substances from the surrounding environment
Coacervate Droplets
Development of New Species
Evolutionary History
Reproductively Isolated
9. Real populations have unstable gene pools and migrating populations -agents of this change are natural selection - mutation - assortive mating -genetic drift - and gene flow
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Microevolution
Genetic Information
Evolution
10. Only changes in the DNA of the sex cells can be inherited -changes acquired during an individual's life are changes in the characteristics and organization of somatic cells
Casts
Natural Selection
Woolly Mammoth
Modern Genetics
11. Primitive crustacean (relative to the lobster) - which was dominant form of the early Paleozoic era
Trilobite
Deme
Evolutionary History
Genetic Information
12. Hairy elephant found in the Siberian ice
Woolly Mammoth
Convergent Evolution
Modern Genetics
Inheritance of the Variations
13. Stanley L. Miller demonstrated the application of UV rays - heat or a combination of these to a mixture of methane - hydrogen - ammonia - and water could result in the formation of complex molecules -after circulation of the gases for one week - he a
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
14. The closer the organisms in the evolutionary scheme - the greater the similarity of their chemical constituents
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Molds
Genetic Information
Branching Evolutionary Tree
15. Similar functions but may have different evolutionary origins and entirely different patterns of development
Inheritance of the Variations
Molds
Population
Analogous Structures
16. All members of a particular species inhabiting a given locations
Population
Casts
Competition (struggle for survival)
Evolutionary History
17. Impressions left by an organism ex: footprints
Gene Pool
Woolly Mammoth
Imprints
Eohippus
18. Stages of development of the embryo resemble the stages in an organism's evolutionary history
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
Comparative Embryology
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Molds
19. Over many generations of natural selection - the favorable changes eventually results in such significant changes of the gene pool that we can say a new species has evolved
Lamarckian Evolution
Evolution of New Species
Coacervate Droplets
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
20. Common ancestor is found at the trunk and the modern species at the tips of the branches
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Dinosaurs
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
21. Results from the geographic isolation of a population
Isolation
Evolution
Analogous Structures
Coacervate Droplets
22. The process in which minerals replace the cells of an organism
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Petrification
Homologous Structures
Heterotroph Hypothesis
23. Refers to changes in the composition of the gene pool due to chance -tend to be more pronounced in small populations - where it is sometimes called the founder effect
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Competition (struggle for survival)
Petrification
Imprints
24. Dissimilar species ahve been found to have evolved from a common ancestor
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
Isolation
Evolutionary History
Fossils
25. Genotypes with favorable variations are selected thorugh natural selection - and the frequency of favorable genes increases with the genepool. genotypes with low adaptive values tend to disappear
Dinosaurs
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Molds
Inheritance of the Variations
26. The most direct evidence of evolutionary change -represent the remains of an extinct ancestor -generally found in sedimentary rocks
Coacervate Droplets
Imprints
Mutation (Microevolution)
Fossils
27. Preserved in asphalt tar pits
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Natural Selection
Evolutionary History
Development of Autotrophs
28. Form in hollow spaces of rocks - as the organisms within decay
Molds
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Lamarckian Evolution
Variations
29. Colloidal protein molecules tend to clump together to form coacervate Droplets
Lamarckian Evolution
Formation of Primitive Cells
Mutation (Microevolution)
Competition (struggle for survival)
30. The sum total of all the alleles for any given trait in the population
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
Gene Frequency
Gene Pool
31. Discredited theory held that new organs or changes in existing ones arose becaUse of the needs of the organism
Lamarckian Evolution
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
Inheritance of the Variations
Evolutionary History
32. If gene pools within a species become sufficiently different so that two individuals can't mate and produce fertile offspring - two different species have developed
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
Lamarckian Evolution
Development of New Species
Variations
33. More offspring are produced than can survive
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Formation of Primitive Cells
Overpopulation
34. Population is very large -no mutations affect the gene pool -mating between individuals in the population is random -there is no net migration of individuals into or out of the populations -genes in the population are all equally successful at reprod
Evolution
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Trilobite
Analogous Structures
35. Populations will become sufficiently different from each other to be able to reproduce
Dinosaurs
Reproductively Isolated
Mutation (Microevolution)
Homologous Structures
36. Developing population must compete for the necessities of life. many young must die - and the number of adults in the population generally remains constant from generation to generation
Gene Flow
Eohippus
Comparative Embryology
Competition (struggle for survival)
37. Species multiplication is generally accompanied by migration to lessen intraspecific competition
Evolutionary History
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Speciation
Geographic Barriers
38. Ancient animals similar to both reptiles and birds and dominant in the Mesozoic era
Dinosaurs
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Convergent Evolution
Gene Pool
39. When groups within the branches develop in similar ways when exposed to similar environments -ex: fish and dolphins
Trilobite
Mutation (Microevolution)
Lamarckian Evolution
Convergent Evolution
40. Evolutionary history and can be viewed asa branching tree
Imprints
Phylogeny
Speciation
Convergent Evolution
41. Same basic anatomical features and evolutionary origins -demonstrate similar evolutionary patterns with late divergence of form due to differences in exposure to evolutioinary forces
Homologous Structures
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Comparative Embryology
Phylogeny
42. Change in the genetic makeup of a population with time -explained by the constant propagation of new variations in the genes of a species - some of which impart an adaptive advantage
Gene Frequency
Population
Evolution
Mutation (Microevolution)
43. Formed by minerals deposited in molds
Analogous Structures
Casts
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
44. Mates are not randoomly chosen but rather selected according to criteria such as phenotype and proximity - the relative genotype ratios will be affected and will depart from the predictions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Overpopulation
Evolution of New Species
Amber
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
45. When the gene frequencies of a population are not changing - the gene pool is stable - and population is not evolving
Genetic Information
Casts
Gene Flow
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
46. P^2+2pq+q^2=1 -p^2=frequency of TT (dominant homozygotes) -2pq=frequency of Tt (heterozygotes) -q^2=frequency of tt (recessive homozygotes)
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Geographic Barriers
Gene Frequency
47. Change allele frequencies in a population - shifting gene equilibria -can either be favorable or detrimental for the offspring
Reproductively Isolated
Variations
Mutation (Microevolution)
Evolutionary History
48. Missing link between reptiles (has teeth and scales) and birds (also has feathers)
Modern Genetics
Competition (struggle for survival)
Actual Remains
Archaepteryx
49. Individuals that survive (those with favorable variations) live to adulthood - reproduce their own kind - and thus transmit these favorable variations or adaptations to their offspring
Inheritance of the Variations
Petrification
Convergent Evolution
Vestigial Structures
50. Primitive horse the size of a fox with four toes and short teeth with pointed cusps for feeding on soft leaves
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Eohippus
Genetic Information
Development of Autotrophs