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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Genotypes with favorable variations are selected thorugh natural selection - and the frequency of favorable genes increases with the genepool. genotypes with low adaptive values tend to disappear
Isolation
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Competition (struggle for survival)
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
2. Organisms in a species have variations that give them an advantage over other members of the species -organisms may have adaptations that are advantageous for survival
Formation of Primitive Cells
Geographic Barriers
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
3. The evolution of new species - which are groups of individuals who can interbreed freely with each other but not with members of other speies
Speciation
Isolation
Lamarckian Evolution
Comparative Embryology
4. Most organisms demonstrate the same basic needs and metabolic processes -require the same nutrients and contain similar cellular organelles and energy storage forms
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Development of Autotrophs
Petrification
5. Formed by minerals deposited in molds
Formation of Primitive Cells
Casts
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
6. A cluster of colloidal molecules surrounded by a shell of water -tend to absorb and incorporate substances from the surrounding environment
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Development of New Species
Gene Flow
Coacervate Droplets
7. Common ancestor is found at the trunk and the modern species at the tips of the branches
Modern Genetics
Archaepteryx
Casts
Branching Evolutionary Tree
8. Appear to be useless but apparently had some ancestral functions
Woolly Mammoth
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Vestigial Structures
Petrification
9. Individuals that survive (those with favorable variations) live to adulthood - reproduce their own kind - and thus transmit these favorable variations or adaptations to their offspring
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Adaptive Radiation
Inheritance of the Variations
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
10. Only changes in the DNA of the sex cells can be inherited -changes acquired during an individual's life are changes in the characteristics and organization of somatic cells
Population
Eohippus
Modern Genetics
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
11. Primitive crustacean (relative to the lobster) - which was dominant form of the early Paleozoic era
Trilobite
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Speciation
Woolly Mammoth
12. The process in which minerals replace the cells of an organism
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Evolution of New Species
Vestigial Structures
Petrification
13. Evolutionary history and can be viewed asa branching tree
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Phylogeny
Analogous Structures
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
14. When the gene frequencies of a population are not changing - the gene pool is stable - and population is not evolving
Microevolution
Eohippus
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Formation of Primitive Cells
15. More offspring are produced than can survive
Comparative Embryology
Overpopulation
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
16. Population is very large -no mutations affect the gene pool -mating between individuals in the population is random -there is no net migration of individuals into or out of the populations -genes in the population are all equally successful at reprod
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Development of New Species
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Phylogeny
17. Preserved in asphalt tar pits
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Isolation
Reproductively Isolated
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
18. Over many generations of natural selection - the favorable changes eventually results in such significant changes of the gene pool that we can say a new species has evolved
Deme
Evolution of New Species
Mutation (Microevolution)
Comparative Embryology
19. Populations will become sufficiently different from each other to be able to reproduce
Reproductively Isolated
Woolly Mammoth
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Petrification
20. Change in the genetic makeup of a population with time -explained by the constant propagation of new variations in the genes of a species - some of which impart an adaptive advantage
Imprints
Gene Flow
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Evolution
21. Refers to changes in the composition of the gene pool due to chance -tend to be more pronounced in small populations - where it is sometimes called the founder effect
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Natural Selection
Isolation
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
22. Real populations have unstable gene pools and migrating populations -agents of this change are natural selection - mutation - assortive mating -genetic drift - and gene flow
Overpopulation
Natural Selection
Microevolution
Trilobite
23. All members of a particular species inhabiting a given locations
Isolation
Population
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
Molds
24. Mates are not randoomly chosen but rather selected according to criteria such as phenotype and proximity - the relative genotype ratios will be affected and will depart from the predictions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Molds
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
Dinosaurs
25. Species multiplication is generally accompanied by migration to lessen intraspecific competition
Geographic Barriers
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Coacervate Droplets
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
26. Ancient animals similar to both reptiles and birds and dominant in the Mesozoic era
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Microevolution
Dinosaurs
Mutation (Microevolution)
27. Offspring naturally show differences in their characteristics compared to their parents
Variations
Gene Flow
Analogous Structures
Woolly Mammoth
28. Missing link between reptiles (has teeth and scales) and birds (also has feathers)
Evolution of New Species
Isolation
Archaepteryx
Competition (struggle for survival)
29. Small local population -closely related genetically since mating between members of the same occurs more frequently =influenced by similar environmental factors and thus are subject to the same selection processes
Convergent Evolution
Deme
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
Development of New Species
30. Dissimilar species ahve been found to have evolved from a common ancestor
Actual Remains
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Evolutionary History
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
31. The decimal fraction representing the presence of an allele for all members of a population that have this particular gene locus
Geographic Barriers
Gene Frequency
Trilobite
Inheritance of the Variations
32. Migration of individuals between populations that will result in a loss or gain of genes - thus changing the composition of a population's gene pool
Gene Flow
Isolation
Vestigial Structures
Geographic Barriers
33. P^2+2pq+q^2=1 -p^2=frequency of TT (dominant homozygotes) -2pq=frequency of Tt (heterozygotes) -q^2=frequency of tt (recessive homozygotes)
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Evolutionary History
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
34. The closer the organisms in the evolutionary scheme - the greater the similarity of their chemical constituents
Dinosaurs
Amber
Genetic Information
Analogous Structures
35. Same basic anatomical features and evolutionary origins -demonstrate similar evolutionary patterns with late divergence of form due to differences in exposure to evolutioinary forces
Homologous Structures
Phylogeny
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Lamarckian Evolution
36. Fossil resin of trees
Lamarckian Evolution
Evolution
Amber
Genetic Information
37. First forms of life lacked the ability to synthesize their own nutrients; they required performed molecules which made them heterotrophs -energy was present in the form of heat - electricity - solar radiation - including x rays and ultraviolet light
Overpopulation
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Trilobite
Deme
38. Developing population must compete for the necessities of life. many young must die - and the number of adults in the population generally remains constant from generation to generation
Competition (struggle for survival)
Dinosaurs
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Mutation (Microevolution)
39. Incude teeth - bones - etc. rock - tar pits - ice - and amber
Homologous Structures
Speciation
Actual Remains
Variations
40. Form in hollow spaces of rocks - as the organisms within decay
Imprints
Molds
Evolution
Gene Flow
41. If gene pools within a species become sufficiently different so that two individuals can't mate and produce fertile offspring - two different species have developed
Development of New Species
Casts
Reproductively Isolated
Evolutionary History
42. Similar functions but may have different evolutionary origins and entirely different patterns of development
Imprints
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Development of Autotrophs
Analogous Structures
43. Colloidal protein molecules tend to clump together to form coacervate Droplets
Speciation
Woolly Mammoth
Formation of Primitive Cells
Overpopulation
44. When groups within the branches develop in similar ways when exposed to similar environments -ex: fish and dolphins
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Amber
Speciation
Convergent Evolution
45. Results from the geographic isolation of a population
Gene Pool
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Isolation
Reproductively Isolated
46. Impressions left by an organism ex: footprints
Imprints
Actual Remains
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Population
47. Primitive horse the size of a fox with four toes and short teeth with pointed cusps for feeding on soft leaves
Eohippus
Imprints
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Branching Evolutionary Tree
48. Stages of development of the embryo resemble the stages in an organism's evolutionary history
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Comparative Embryology
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Modern Genetics
49. Discredited theory held that new organs or changes in existing ones arose becaUse of the needs of the organism
Speciation
Casts
Geographic Barriers
Lamarckian Evolution
50. Change allele frequencies in a population - shifting gene equilibria -can either be favorable or detrimental for the offspring
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
Molds
Mutation (Microevolution)
Actual Remains