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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Primitive crustacean (relative to the lobster) - which was dominant form of the early Paleozoic era
Analogous Structures
Woolly Mammoth
Evolutionary History
Trilobite
2. Over many generations of natural selection - the favorable changes eventually results in such significant changes of the gene pool that we can say a new species has evolved
Microevolution
Evolution of New Species
Development of Autotrophs
Speciation
3. Genotypes with favorable variations are selected thorugh natural selection - and the frequency of favorable genes increases with the genepool. genotypes with low adaptive values tend to disappear
Actual Remains
Inheritance of the Variations
Coacervate Droplets
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
4. A cluster of colloidal molecules surrounded by a shell of water -tend to absorb and incorporate substances from the surrounding environment
Homologous Structures
Amber
Eohippus
Coacervate Droplets
5. Refers to changes in the composition of the gene pool due to chance -tend to be more pronounced in small populations - where it is sometimes called the founder effect
Trilobite
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Lamarckian Evolution
Inheritance of the Variations
6. Migration of individuals between populations that will result in a loss or gain of genes - thus changing the composition of a population's gene pool
Competition (struggle for survival)
Population
Isolation
Gene Flow
7. Change in the genetic makeup of a population with time -explained by the constant propagation of new variations in the genes of a species - some of which impart an adaptive advantage
Evolution
Microevolution
Development of New Species
Lamarckian Evolution
8. Hairy elephant found in the Siberian ice
Natural Selection
Formation of Primitive Cells
Woolly Mammoth
Mutation (Microevolution)
9. Ancient animals similar to both reptiles and birds and dominant in the Mesozoic era
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Casts
Overpopulation
Dinosaurs
10. Species multiplication is generally accompanied by migration to lessen intraspecific competition
Lamarckian Evolution
Geographic Barriers
Petrification
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
11. Similar functions but may have different evolutionary origins and entirely different patterns of development
Gene Frequency
Vestigial Structures
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Analogous Structures
12. Population is very large -no mutations affect the gene pool -mating between individuals in the population is random -there is no net migration of individuals into or out of the populations -genes in the population are all equally successful at reprod
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Formation of Primitive Cells
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Archaepteryx
13. P^2+2pq+q^2=1 -p^2=frequency of TT (dominant homozygotes) -2pq=frequency of Tt (heterozygotes) -q^2=frequency of tt (recessive homozygotes)
Coacervate Droplets
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Genetic Information
Petrification
14. All members of a particular species inhabiting a given locations
Development of New Species
Gene Frequency
Geographic Barriers
Population
15. The evolution of new species - which are groups of individuals who can interbreed freely with each other but not with members of other speies
Phylogeny
Competition (struggle for survival)
Eohippus
Speciation
16. Dissimilar species ahve been found to have evolved from a common ancestor
Casts
Adaptive Radiation
Eohippus
Evolutionary History
17. Stanley L. Miller demonstrated the application of UV rays - heat or a combination of these to a mixture of methane - hydrogen - ammonia - and water could result in the formation of complex molecules -after circulation of the gases for one week - he a
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
Natural Selection
Coacervate Droplets
Imprints
18. The decimal fraction representing the presence of an allele for all members of a population that have this particular gene locus
Lamarckian Evolution
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Gene Frequency
Natural Selection
19. Small local population -closely related genetically since mating between members of the same occurs more frequently =influenced by similar environmental factors and thus are subject to the same selection processes
Evolution
Deme
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
Petrification
20. Results from the geographic isolation of a population
Isolation
Dinosaurs
Development of Autotrophs
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
21. Incude teeth - bones - etc. rock - tar pits - ice - and amber
Actual Remains
Reproductively Isolated
Vestigial Structures
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
22. Pressures in the environment select for the organism most fit to survive and reproduce -concluded that a member of a particular species that is equipped with beneficial traits - allowing it to cope effectively with the immediate environment - will pr
23. Populations will become sufficiently different from each other to be able to reproduce
Adaptive Radiation
Reproductively Isolated
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Comparative Embryology
24. Preserved in asphalt tar pits
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Evolution
Development of Autotrophs
25. When the gene frequencies of a population are not changing - the gene pool is stable - and population is not evolving
Development of Autotrophs
Development of New Species
Fossils
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
26. When groups within the branches develop in similar ways when exposed to similar environments -ex: fish and dolphins
Convergent Evolution
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
Analogous Structures
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
27. Stages of development of the embryo resemble the stages in an organism's evolutionary history
Comparative Embryology
Evolution of New Species
Homologous Structures
Variations
28. Formed by minerals deposited in molds
Homologous Structures
Isolation
Casts
Overpopulation
29. Organisms in a species have variations that give them an advantage over other members of the species -organisms may have adaptations that are advantageous for survival
Natural Selection
Population
Gene Pool
Dinosaurs
30. The most direct evidence of evolutionary change -represent the remains of an extinct ancestor -generally found in sedimentary rocks
Dinosaurs
Woolly Mammoth
Analogous Structures
Fossils
31. Appear to be useless but apparently had some ancestral functions
Vestigial Structures
Petrification
Microevolution
Genetic Information
32. Primitive horse the size of a fox with four toes and short teeth with pointed cusps for feeding on soft leaves
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
Coacervate Droplets
Eohippus
Imprints
33. Developing population must compete for the necessities of life. many young must die - and the number of adults in the population generally remains constant from generation to generation
Competition (struggle for survival)
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
Gene Pool
Microevolution
34. Fossil resin of trees
Amber
Isolation
Lamarckian Evolution
Gene Pool
35. More offspring are produced than can survive
Phylogeny
Casts
Inheritance of the Variations
Overpopulation
36. Most organisms demonstrate the same basic needs and metabolic processes -require the same nutrients and contain similar cellular organelles and energy storage forms
Isolation
Eohippus
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Deme
37. Impressions left by an organism ex: footprints
Adaptive Radiation
Inheritance of the Variations
Imprints
Gene Pool
38. First forms of life lacked the ability to synthesize their own nutrients; they required performed molecules which made them heterotrophs -energy was present in the form of heat - electricity - solar radiation - including x rays and ultraviolet light
Vestigial Structures
Archaepteryx
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
39. The emergence of a number of lineages from a single ancestral species -may diverge into a number of distinct species; the differences between them are those adaptive to a distinct lifestyle - or niche
Imprints
Adaptive Radiation
Natural Selection
Modern Genetics
40. Discredited theory held that new organs or changes in existing ones arose becaUse of the needs of the organism
Lamarckian Evolution
Eohippus
Gene Frequency
Casts
41. Common ancestor is found at the trunk and the modern species at the tips of the branches
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Gene Pool
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Speciation
42. Same basic anatomical features and evolutionary origins -demonstrate similar evolutionary patterns with late divergence of form due to differences in exposure to evolutioinary forces
Dinosaurs
Fossils
Homologous Structures
Saber-Tooth Tigers
43. Evolutionary history and can be viewed asa branching tree
Vestigial Structures
Gene Frequency
Phylogeny
Trilobite
44. Change allele frequencies in a population - shifting gene equilibria -can either be favorable or detrimental for the offspring
Competition (struggle for survival)
Vestigial Structures
Fossils
Mutation (Microevolution)
45. If gene pools within a species become sufficiently different so that two individuals can't mate and produce fertile offspring - two different species have developed
Development of New Species
Evolution
Actual Remains
Imprints
46. Real populations have unstable gene pools and migrating populations -agents of this change are natural selection - mutation - assortive mating -genetic drift - and gene flow
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Microevolution
Inheritance of the Variations
Speciation
47. Colloidal protein molecules tend to clump together to form coacervate Droplets
Speciation
Mutation (Microevolution)
Woolly Mammoth
Formation of Primitive Cells
48. Missing link between reptiles (has teeth and scales) and birds (also has feathers)
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Archaepteryx
Evolution
49. Mates are not randoomly chosen but rather selected according to criteria such as phenotype and proximity - the relative genotype ratios will be affected and will depart from the predictions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Competition (struggle for survival)
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
50. The sum total of all the alleles for any given trait in the population
Vestigial Structures
Coacervate Droplets
Gene Pool
Casts