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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Evolution
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Primitive horse the size of a fox with four toes and short teeth with pointed cusps for feeding on soft leaves
Natural Selection
Eohippus
Evolutionary History
Homologous Structures
2. Migration of individuals between populations that will result in a loss or gain of genes - thus changing the composition of a population's gene pool
Lamarckian Evolution
Variations
Genetic Information
Gene Flow
3. A cluster of colloidal molecules surrounded by a shell of water -tend to absorb and incorporate substances from the surrounding environment
Inheritance of the Variations
Coacervate Droplets
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
Actual Remains
4. Same basic anatomical features and evolutionary origins -demonstrate similar evolutionary patterns with late divergence of form due to differences in exposure to evolutioinary forces
Amber
Evolutionary History
Homologous Structures
Gene Frequency
5. Primitive heterotrophs slowly evolved complex biochemical pathways which enabled them to use a wider variety of nutrients -evolved anaerobic respiratory process to convert nutrients into energy -photosynthesis and autotrophic nutrition was developed
Development of Autotrophs
Trilobite
Gene Frequency
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
6. Evolutionary history and can be viewed asa branching tree
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Imprints
Overpopulation
Phylogeny
7. Results from the geographic isolation of a population
Geographic Barriers
Amber
Actual Remains
Isolation
8. Pressures in the environment select for the organism most fit to survive and reproduce -concluded that a member of a particular species that is equipped with beneficial traits - allowing it to cope effectively with the immediate environment - will pr
9. Fossil resin of trees
Amber
Microevolution
Gene Flow
Molds
10. Refers to changes in the composition of the gene pool due to chance -tend to be more pronounced in small populations - where it is sometimes called the founder effect
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Mutation (Microevolution)
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Convergent Evolution
11. Individuals that survive (those with favorable variations) live to adulthood - reproduce their own kind - and thus transmit these favorable variations or adaptations to their offspring
Comparative Embryology
Evolution of New Species
Inheritance of the Variations
Convergent Evolution
12. Change in the genetic makeup of a population with time -explained by the constant propagation of new variations in the genes of a species - some of which impart an adaptive advantage
Evolution
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Amber
Casts
13. Small local population -closely related genetically since mating between members of the same occurs more frequently =influenced by similar environmental factors and thus are subject to the same selection processes
Comparative Embryology
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Deme
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
14. P^2+2pq+q^2=1 -p^2=frequency of TT (dominant homozygotes) -2pq=frequency of Tt (heterozygotes) -q^2=frequency of tt (recessive homozygotes)
Casts
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Competition (struggle for survival)
Microevolution
15. Appear to be useless but apparently had some ancestral functions
Molds
Competition (struggle for survival)
Vestigial Structures
Reproductively Isolated
16. The sum total of all the alleles for any given trait in the population
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
Overpopulation
Gene Pool
Heterotroph Hypothesis
17. Population is very large -no mutations affect the gene pool -mating between individuals in the population is random -there is no net migration of individuals into or out of the populations -genes in the population are all equally successful at reprod
Convergent Evolution
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Coacervate Droplets
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
18. Most organisms demonstrate the same basic needs and metabolic processes -require the same nutrients and contain similar cellular organelles and energy storage forms
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Development of New Species
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
19. Impressions left by an organism ex: footprints
Gene Frequency
Adaptive Radiation
Imprints
Vestigial Structures
20. Common ancestor is found at the trunk and the modern species at the tips of the branches
Casts
Development of Autotrophs
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Evolution of New Species
21. Primitive crustacean (relative to the lobster) - which was dominant form of the early Paleozoic era
Geographic Barriers
Gene Frequency
Gene Pool
Trilobite
22. Similar functions but may have different evolutionary origins and entirely different patterns of development
Evolution
Population
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Analogous Structures
23. The evolution of new species - which are groups of individuals who can interbreed freely with each other but not with members of other speies
Casts
Population
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Speciation
24. The process in which minerals replace the cells of an organism
Gene Frequency
Variations
Petrification
Eohippus
25. The emergence of a number of lineages from a single ancestral species -may diverge into a number of distinct species; the differences between them are those adaptive to a distinct lifestyle - or niche
Gene Flow
Adaptive Radiation
Microevolution
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
26. Ancient animals similar to both reptiles and birds and dominant in the Mesozoic era
Evolution
Dinosaurs
Evolutionary History
Isolation
27. First forms of life lacked the ability to synthesize their own nutrients; they required performed molecules which made them heterotrophs -energy was present in the form of heat - electricity - solar radiation - including x rays and ultraviolet light
Heterotroph Hypothesis
Archaepteryx
Evolution of New Species
Mutation (Microevolution)
28. When groups within the branches develop in similar ways when exposed to similar environments -ex: fish and dolphins
Saber-Tooth Tigers
Convergent Evolution
Speciation
Geographic Barriers
29. Dissimilar species ahve been found to have evolved from a common ancestor
Gene Frequency
Homologous Structures
Evolutionary History
Variations
30. When the gene frequencies of a population are not changing - the gene pool is stable - and population is not evolving
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Dinosaurs
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Imprints
31. Real populations have unstable gene pools and migrating populations -agents of this change are natural selection - mutation - assortive mating -genetic drift - and gene flow
Microevolution
Casts
Convergent Evolution
Overpopulation
32. Change allele frequencies in a population - shifting gene equilibria -can either be favorable or detrimental for the offspring
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Geographic Barriers
Reproductively Isolated
Mutation (Microevolution)
33. Formed by minerals deposited in molds
Evolutionary History
Homologous Structures
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
Casts
34. Developing population must compete for the necessities of life. many young must die - and the number of adults in the population generally remains constant from generation to generation
Evolutionary History
Trilobite
Reproductively Isolated
Competition (struggle for survival)
35. Organisms in a species have variations that give them an advantage over other members of the species -organisms may have adaptations that are advantageous for survival
Natural Selection
Coacervate Droplets
Gene Frequency
Adaptive Radiation
36. Discredited theory held that new organs or changes in existing ones arose becaUse of the needs of the organism
Eohippus
Dinosaurs
Lamarckian Evolution
Woolly Mammoth
37. Genotypes with favorable variations are selected thorugh natural selection - and the frequency of favorable genes increases with the genepool. genotypes with low adaptive values tend to disappear
Natural Selection (Microevolution)
Development of Autotrophs
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Casts
38. More offspring are produced than can survive
Comparative Biochemistry (Physiology)
Branching Evolutionary Tree
Convergent Evolution
Overpopulation
39. The closer the organisms in the evolutionary scheme - the greater the similarity of their chemical constituents
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Genetic Information
Homologous Structures
Trilobite
40. Colloidal protein molecules tend to clump together to form coacervate Droplets
Adaptive Radiation
Convergent Evolution
Mutation (Microevolution)
Formation of Primitive Cells
41. All members of a particular species inhabiting a given locations
Population
Development of Autotrophs
Eohippus
Deme
42. Missing link between reptiles (has teeth and scales) and birds (also has feathers)
Gene Pool
Archaepteryx
Deme
Hardy-Weinberg conditions
43. Offspring naturally show differences in their characteristics compared to their parents
Eohippus
Actual Remains
Genetic Drift (Microevolution)
Variations
44. Stages of development of the embryo resemble the stages in an organism's evolutionary history
Comparative Embryology
Homologous Structures
Development of New Species
Adaptive Radiation
45. Over many generations of natural selection - the favorable changes eventually results in such significant changes of the gene pool that we can say a new species has evolved
Microevolution
Formation of Primitive Cells
Evolution of New Species
Inheritance of the Variations
46. The decimal fraction representing the presence of an allele for all members of a population that have this particular gene locus
Gene Frequency
Variations
Evolution
Evidence of Organic Synthesis
47. Species multiplication is generally accompanied by migration to lessen intraspecific competition
Deme
Geographic Barriers
Competition (struggle for survival)
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection
48. Form in hollow spaces of rocks - as the organisms within decay
Coacervate Droplets
Archaepteryx
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Molds
49. The most direct evidence of evolutionary change -represent the remains of an extinct ancestor -generally found in sedimentary rocks
Molds
Competition (struggle for survival)
Fossils
Evolution of New Species
50. Mates are not randoomly chosen but rather selected according to criteria such as phenotype and proximity - the relative genotype ratios will be affected and will depart from the predictions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Natural Selection
Dinosaurs
Hardy-Weinberg Equation
Assortive Mating (Microevolution)