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PCAT Biology Excretion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Water-solube wstes - such as ammonia and carbon dioxide - can exit the cells by simple diffusion through the cell membrane






2. Regulation of the permeability of the collecting tubule to water is accomplished by the hormone ADH (vasopressin)






3. Through the selective permeability of its walls and the maintenance of an osmolarity gradient - the nephron reabsorbs nutrienets - salts - and water from the filtrate and returns them to the body - thus maintaining the bloodstream's solute concentrat






4. Increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water - allowing more water to be absorbed and more concentrated urine to be formed






5. The reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water






6. Clean the blood plasma of unwanted substances as it passes throught he kidney






7. Tubelike things which are continuous with the external air






8. Water is removed by capillaries flowing in the medulla






9. Lungs - liver - skin - and kidneys






10. Affect the blood acidity by causing changes in the HCO3-






11. Capillary bed embraced by Bowman's capsule






12. As the filtrate flowing in the collecting tubules passes through this region of the kidney - on its way to the pelvis and ureter - water flows out of the collecting tubules by osmosis






13. The removal of metabolic wastes produced in the body






14. No specific excretory system in plants -any excess CO2 - O2 - and H2O vapor - leaves the lant by diffusion through stomata and lenticels






15. Nephron secretes substances such as acids - bases - and ions like potassium and phosphate from the interstitial fluid into the filtrate by both passive and active transport






16. A hormone that causes an increased exchange transport of sodium and potassium ions along the distal convoluted tubule - the collecting tubule - and the collecting duct - resulting in a decreased excretion of sodium ions in the urine and an increased






17. Processes nitrogenous wastes - blood pigment wastes - and other chemicals for excretion






18. Nitrogenous wastes of arthropods






19. Counter-current system causes the medium in the medulla of the kidney to be hyperosmolar with respect to the dilute filtrate flowing in the collecting tubule






20. Produced by the deamination of amino acids in the liver and diffuses into the blood for ultimate excretion in the kidneys






21. Essential substances and water are reabsorbed from the filtrate and returned to the blood -occurs primarily in the proximal convuluted tubule and is an active process






22. In the liver - leads to the production of nitrogenous wastes such as urea and ammonia






23. Excrete water and dissolved salts






24. Filtration - secretion - and reabsorption are the three process






25. Two pairs of nephridia in each body segment excret water - mineral salts - and nitrogenous wastes in the form of urea






26. Exit of water vapor through leaf stomates






27. Urine collects until it is expelled via the urethra






28. Anatomic arrangement of permits the reabsorption of ((% of the filtrate in the collecting tubules -makes the production of concentrated urine possible






29. Leads to the production of carbon dioxide and water






30. Remains relatively constant at 7.4






31. Divded into three regions: outer cortex - inner medulla - renal pelvis






32. Passive process where Blood pressure forces 20% of the blood plasma entering the glomerulus through the capillary walls and into the surrounding Bowman's capsule






33. Affect the blood acidity by causing changes in the PCO2






34. An organelle specialized for water excretion by active transport






35. Function to maintain the osmolarity of the blood -excrete numerous waste products and toxic chemicals -conserve glucose - salt - and water






36. Openings of tracheae






37. The fluid and small solutes entering the nephron -isotonic with blood plasm






38. Accumulates mineral salts and uric acid in arthropods then transported to the intestine to be expelled with the solid wastes of digestion






39. The removal of indigestible material






40. Serves to regulate body temperature - since the evaporation of sweat produces cooling






41. Proximal convoluted tubule - the loop of Henle - the distal convoluted tubule - and the collecting duct


42. Pores in leaves






43. Concentrated urine in the collecting tubules flows into the pelvis of the kidney - a funnel-like region that opens directly into this






44. Pores in stems






45. Surrounds nephron to facilitate reabsorption of amino acids - glucose - salts - and water






46. Bulb of nephro -leads into a long - coiled tubule tht is divided into functionally distinct units


47. Hypertonic to the blood






48. Regulate the concentration of salt and water in the blood through the formation and excretion of urine






49. Created when exiting and reentering at different segments of the nephron - with tissue osmolarity increasing from cortex to inner medulla






50. Consists the Bowman's capsule - which embraces the glomerulus