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PCAT Biology Excretion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Clean the blood plasma of unwanted substances as it passes throught he kidney






2. As the filtrate flowing in the collecting tubules passes through this region of the kidney - on its way to the pelvis and ureter - water flows out of the collecting tubules by osmosis






3. Increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water - allowing more water to be absorbed and more concentrated urine to be formed






4. Bulb of nephro -leads into a long - coiled tubule tht is divided into functionally distinct units


5. Essential substances and water are reabsorbed from the filtrate and returned to the blood -occurs primarily in the proximal convuluted tubule and is an active process






6. Processes nitrogenous wastes - blood pigment wastes - and other chemicals for excretion






7. Urine collects until it is expelled via the urethra






8. Regulate the concentration of salt and water in the blood through the formation and excretion of urine






9. Through the selective permeability of its walls and the maintenance of an osmolarity gradient - the nephron reabsorbs nutrienets - salts - and water from the filtrate and returns them to the body - thus maintaining the bloodstream's solute concentrat






10. No specific excretory system in plants -any excess CO2 - O2 - and H2O vapor - leaves the lant by diffusion through stomata and lenticels






11. Two pairs of nephridia in each body segment excret water - mineral salts - and nitrogenous wastes in the form of urea






12. Affect the blood acidity by causing changes in the HCO3-






13. Surrounds nephron to facilitate reabsorption of amino acids - glucose - salts - and water






14. Consists the Bowman's capsule - which embraces the glomerulus






15. Carbon dioxide and water vapor diffuse from the blood and are continually exhaled






16. Pores in stems






17. The reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water






18. In the liver - leads to the production of nitrogenous wastes such as urea and ammonia






19. The removal of metabolic wastes produced in the body






20. Divded into three regions: outer cortex - inner medulla - renal pelvis






21. Produced by the deamination of amino acids in the liver and diffuses into the blood for ultimate excretion in the kidneys






22. Accumulates mineral salts and uric acid in arthropods then transported to the intestine to be expelled with the solid wastes of digestion






23. Regulation of the permeability of the collecting tubule to water is accomplished by the hormone ADH (vasopressin)






24. Serves to regulate body temperature - since the evaporation of sweat produces cooling






25. Function to maintain the osmolarity of the blood -excrete numerous waste products and toxic chemicals -conserve glucose - salt - and water






26. Tubelike things which are continuous with the external air






27. Passive process where Blood pressure forces 20% of the blood plasma entering the glomerulus through the capillary walls and into the surrounding Bowman's capsule






28. Pores in leaves






29. Created when exiting and reentering at different segments of the nephron - with tissue osmolarity increasing from cortex to inner medulla






30. Filtration - secretion - and reabsorption are the three process






31. Proximal convoluted tubule - the loop of Henle - the distal convoluted tubule - and the collecting duct


32. Excrete water and dissolved salts






33. The fluid and small solutes entering the nephron -isotonic with blood plasm






34. An organelle specialized for water excretion by active transport






35. Water is removed by capillaries flowing in the medulla






36. Exit of water vapor through leaf stomates






37. Water-solube wstes - such as ammonia and carbon dioxide - can exit the cells by simple diffusion through the cell membrane






38. Anatomic arrangement of permits the reabsorption of ((% of the filtrate in the collecting tubules -makes the production of concentrated urine possible






39. A hormone that causes an increased exchange transport of sodium and potassium ions along the distal convoluted tubule - the collecting tubule - and the collecting duct - resulting in a decreased excretion of sodium ions in the urine and an increased






40. Nephron secretes substances such as acids - bases - and ions like potassium and phosphate from the interstitial fluid into the filtrate by both passive and active transport






41. The removal of indigestible material






42. Capillary bed embraced by Bowman's capsule






43. Carbon dioxide is released from the tissues into adjacent tracheae through spiracles






44. Concentrated urine in the collecting tubules flows into the pelvis of the kidney - a funnel-like region that opens directly into this






45. Counter-current system causes the medium in the medulla of the kidney to be hyperosmolar with respect to the dilute filtrate flowing in the collecting tubule






46. Remains relatively constant at 7.4






47. Openings of tracheae






48. Lungs - liver - skin - and kidneys






49. Hypertonic to the blood






50. Leads to the production of carbon dioxide and water