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PCAT Biology Excretion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Divded into three regions: outer cortex - inner medulla - renal pelvis






2. Anatomic arrangement of permits the reabsorption of ((% of the filtrate in the collecting tubules -makes the production of concentrated urine possible






3. Created when exiting and reentering at different segments of the nephron - with tissue osmolarity increasing from cortex to inner medulla






4. Surrounds nephron to facilitate reabsorption of amino acids - glucose - salts - and water






5. Proximal convoluted tubule - the loop of Henle - the distal convoluted tubule - and the collecting duct


6. Pores in leaves






7. Exit of water vapor through leaf stomates






8. Filtration - secretion - and reabsorption are the three process






9. Two pairs of nephridia in each body segment excret water - mineral salts - and nitrogenous wastes in the form of urea






10. Carbon dioxide is released from the tissues into adjacent tracheae through spiracles






11. Water is removed by capillaries flowing in the medulla






12. Clean the blood plasma of unwanted substances as it passes throught he kidney






13. Excrete water and dissolved salts






14. Water-solube wstes - such as ammonia and carbon dioxide - can exit the cells by simple diffusion through the cell membrane






15. In the liver - leads to the production of nitrogenous wastes such as urea and ammonia






16. Concentrated urine in the collecting tubules flows into the pelvis of the kidney - a funnel-like region that opens directly into this






17. Lungs - liver - skin - and kidneys






18. Openings of tracheae






19. Capillary bed embraced by Bowman's capsule






20. Urine collects until it is expelled via the urethra






21. Hypertonic to the blood






22. The removal of metabolic wastes produced in the body






23. Function to maintain the osmolarity of the blood -excrete numerous waste products and toxic chemicals -conserve glucose - salt - and water






24. The reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water






25. Through the selective permeability of its walls and the maintenance of an osmolarity gradient - the nephron reabsorbs nutrienets - salts - and water from the filtrate and returns them to the body - thus maintaining the bloodstream's solute concentrat






26. Nephron secretes substances such as acids - bases - and ions like potassium and phosphate from the interstitial fluid into the filtrate by both passive and active transport






27. No specific excretory system in plants -any excess CO2 - O2 - and H2O vapor - leaves the lant by diffusion through stomata and lenticels






28. As the filtrate flowing in the collecting tubules passes through this region of the kidney - on its way to the pelvis and ureter - water flows out of the collecting tubules by osmosis






29. Essential substances and water are reabsorbed from the filtrate and returned to the blood -occurs primarily in the proximal convuluted tubule and is an active process






30. Increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water - allowing more water to be absorbed and more concentrated urine to be formed






31. The fluid and small solutes entering the nephron -isotonic with blood plasm






32. Tubelike things which are continuous with the external air






33. Accumulates mineral salts and uric acid in arthropods then transported to the intestine to be expelled with the solid wastes of digestion






34. Bulb of nephro -leads into a long - coiled tubule tht is divided into functionally distinct units


35. An organelle specialized for water excretion by active transport






36. Regulate the concentration of salt and water in the blood through the formation and excretion of urine






37. Processes nitrogenous wastes - blood pigment wastes - and other chemicals for excretion






38. Leads to the production of carbon dioxide and water






39. A hormone that causes an increased exchange transport of sodium and potassium ions along the distal convoluted tubule - the collecting tubule - and the collecting duct - resulting in a decreased excretion of sodium ions in the urine and an increased






40. Regulation of the permeability of the collecting tubule to water is accomplished by the hormone ADH (vasopressin)






41. The removal of indigestible material






42. Passive process where Blood pressure forces 20% of the blood plasma entering the glomerulus through the capillary walls and into the surrounding Bowman's capsule






43. Carbon dioxide and water vapor diffuse from the blood and are continually exhaled






44. Affect the blood acidity by causing changes in the HCO3-






45. Pores in stems






46. Remains relatively constant at 7.4






47. Affect the blood acidity by causing changes in the PCO2






48. Consists the Bowman's capsule - which embraces the glomerulus






49. Serves to regulate body temperature - since the evaporation of sweat produces cooling






50. Counter-current system causes the medium in the medulla of the kidney to be hyperosmolar with respect to the dilute filtrate flowing in the collecting tubule