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PCAT Biology Excretion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Remains relatively constant at 7.4






2. Hypertonic to the blood






3. Pores in stems






4. Carbon dioxide is released from the tissues into adjacent tracheae through spiracles






5. Nitrogenous wastes of arthropods






6. Bulb of nephro -leads into a long - coiled tubule tht is divided into functionally distinct units


7. A hormone that causes an increased exchange transport of sodium and potassium ions along the distal convoluted tubule - the collecting tubule - and the collecting duct - resulting in a decreased excretion of sodium ions in the urine and an increased






8. Proximal convoluted tubule - the loop of Henle - the distal convoluted tubule - and the collecting duct


9. Serves to regulate body temperature - since the evaporation of sweat produces cooling






10. Anatomic arrangement of permits the reabsorption of ((% of the filtrate in the collecting tubules -makes the production of concentrated urine possible






11. Affect the blood acidity by causing changes in the HCO3-






12. Affect the blood acidity by causing changes in the PCO2






13. Through the selective permeability of its walls and the maintenance of an osmolarity gradient - the nephron reabsorbs nutrienets - salts - and water from the filtrate and returns them to the body - thus maintaining the bloodstream's solute concentrat






14. Carbon dioxide and water vapor diffuse from the blood and are continually exhaled






15. Consists the Bowman's capsule - which embraces the glomerulus






16. Essential substances and water are reabsorbed from the filtrate and returned to the blood -occurs primarily in the proximal convuluted tubule and is an active process






17. Passive process where Blood pressure forces 20% of the blood plasma entering the glomerulus through the capillary walls and into the surrounding Bowman's capsule






18. No specific excretory system in plants -any excess CO2 - O2 - and H2O vapor - leaves the lant by diffusion through stomata and lenticels






19. Processes nitrogenous wastes - blood pigment wastes - and other chemicals for excretion






20. Produced by the deamination of amino acids in the liver and diffuses into the blood for ultimate excretion in the kidneys






21. Leads to the production of carbon dioxide and water






22. The removal of metabolic wastes produced in the body






23. Clean the blood plasma of unwanted substances as it passes throught he kidney






24. Counter-current system causes the medium in the medulla of the kidney to be hyperosmolar with respect to the dilute filtrate flowing in the collecting tubule






25. Divded into three regions: outer cortex - inner medulla - renal pelvis






26. Created when exiting and reentering at different segments of the nephron - with tissue osmolarity increasing from cortex to inner medulla






27. Two pairs of nephridia in each body segment excret water - mineral salts - and nitrogenous wastes in the form of urea






28. An organelle specialized for water excretion by active transport






29. Accumulates mineral salts and uric acid in arthropods then transported to the intestine to be expelled with the solid wastes of digestion






30. Lungs - liver - skin - and kidneys






31. Nephron secretes substances such as acids - bases - and ions like potassium and phosphate from the interstitial fluid into the filtrate by both passive and active transport






32. As the filtrate flowing in the collecting tubules passes through this region of the kidney - on its way to the pelvis and ureter - water flows out of the collecting tubules by osmosis






33. Increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water - allowing more water to be absorbed and more concentrated urine to be formed






34. Concentrated urine in the collecting tubules flows into the pelvis of the kidney - a funnel-like region that opens directly into this






35. Regulation of the permeability of the collecting tubule to water is accomplished by the hormone ADH (vasopressin)






36. Filtration - secretion - and reabsorption are the three process






37. Openings of tracheae






38. Surrounds nephron to facilitate reabsorption of amino acids - glucose - salts - and water






39. Capillary bed embraced by Bowman's capsule






40. The removal of indigestible material






41. The fluid and small solutes entering the nephron -isotonic with blood plasm






42. Regulate the concentration of salt and water in the blood through the formation and excretion of urine






43. Function to maintain the osmolarity of the blood -excrete numerous waste products and toxic chemicals -conserve glucose - salt - and water






44. Water-solube wstes - such as ammonia and carbon dioxide - can exit the cells by simple diffusion through the cell membrane






45. In the liver - leads to the production of nitrogenous wastes such as urea and ammonia






46. Tubelike things which are continuous with the external air






47. Excrete water and dissolved salts






48. Pores in leaves






49. Exit of water vapor through leaf stomates






50. The reabsorption of water in this zone of the kidney - which permits the concentration of urine - dpeends on the permeability of the collecting tubules to water