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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Respiration
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pyruvate is further oxidized during cell respiration in the mitochondria in the presence of oxygen
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Aerobic conditions
Pyruvate
Lactic Acid Fermentation
2. Degraded only wen not enough carbohydrate or fat is available
Oxidative Deamination
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Respiration in Humans
Proteins
3. Electron carriers that resemble hemoglobin in the structure of their active site
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Pyruvate
Alternative Energy Sources
Cytochromes
4. Air filled sacs at the terminals of the airway branches
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Alveol
Fermentation
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
5. The process that produces more than 90% of the ATP used by the cells in our body
Fuel
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
6. Toxic substance in vertebrates
Dehydrogenation
Ammonia
Internal Respiration
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
7. These sources are used by the body in the following preferential order: other carbohydrates - fats - and proteins
Electron Transport Chain
Fats
Oxidative Deamination
Alternative Energy Sources
8. Reductions occur in a series of these steps
Fuel
Electron Transport Chain
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Exhalation
9. Air enters the lungs after traveling througha series of respiratory airways -gas exchange between the lungs and the circulatory system occurs across the very thin walls of the alveol -primary function is to provide the necessary energy for growth - m
Exhalation
Carbohydrates
Respiration in Humans
Cytochromes
10. Organ whose rhythmic discharges stimulate the intercostal muscles or the diaphragm to contract
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Inhalation
Medulla Oblongata
Pyruvate
11. The ionized form of pyruvic acid
Cytochromes
Electron Transport Chain
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Pyruvate
12. Trachaea open to the surface in openings called spiracles which permits the intake - distribution - and removal of respiratory gases directly between the air and the body cells by diffusion
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Fuel
Alternative Energy Sources
Pyruvate
13. Complex carrier mechanism located on the inside of the inner mitochondrial membrane -During oxidative phosphorylation - ATP is produced when high-energy potential electrons are transferred from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen by a series of carrier molecule
Respiration
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Electron Transport Chain
14. In living cells - carbohydrates and fats
Ammonia
Cellular Respiration
Fuel
Alveol
15. Occurs only in yeast and some bacteria -the pyruvate produced in glycolysis is converted to ethanol -NAD+ is regenerated and glycolysis can continue
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Alcohol Fermentation
Pyruvate
16. Cycle begins when the two carbon acetyl group from acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate - a four-carbon molecule - to form the six carbon citrate -For each turn - one ATP is produced by substrate level phosphorylation via a GTP intermediate (e- are
Medulla Oblongata
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Alternative Energy Sources
Respiration in Annelids
17. Disaccharides are hydrolyzed into monosaccharides - most of which can be converted into glucose or glycolytic intermediates
Carbohydrates
Respiration in Humans
Cytochromes
Transamination Reaction
18. Stored in adipose tissue in the form of triglyceride -must be activated in the cytoplasm; this process requires two ATP -transported into the mitochondrion and taken through a series of beta-oxidation cycles that convert it into two- carbon fragments
Medulla Oblongata
Fats
Fuel
Fermentation
19. Glycolysis yields 2 ATP/glucose -cell respiration yields 36-38 ATP
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Respiration in Annelids
Alternative Energy Sources
20. Degradation of one glucose molecules yields a net of two ATP from glycolysis and one ATP for each turn of the Krebs cycle. thus - a total of four ATP are produced by substrate level phosphorylation
Dehydrogenation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Glycolysis
Respiration in Humans
21. The conversion of the chemical energy in these bonds into the usable energy needed to drive the processes of living cells
Respiration
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Anaerobic Conditions
Electron Transport Chain
22. Refers to all of the reactions involved in this process (i.e. - glycolysis and the additional steps leading to the formation of ethanol or lactic acid) and only produces only two ATP per glucose molecule
Fermentation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Electron Transport Chain
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
23. The exchange of gas exchange between the blood and the cells and the intracellular processes of respiration
Pyruvate
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Internal Respiration
24. The entrance of air into the lungs and the gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood
Glycolysis
Ventilation
Respiration in Annelids
External Respiration
25. Aerobic process; oxygen acts as the final acceptor of electrons that are passed from carrier to carrier during the final stage of glucose oxidation -can be divided into three stages: pyruvate decarboxylation - the citric acid cycle - and the electron
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Cytochromes
Cellular Respiration
Alcohol Fermentation
26. Isomerized into PGAL (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) so that it can be used in subsequent reactions
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Fats
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
27. First stage of glucose catabolism that is a series of reactions that lead to the oxidative breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate - the production of ATP - and the reduction of NAD+ into NADH and occurs in cytoplasm
Glycolysis
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
28. Regulated by neurons located in the medulla oblongata
Electron Transport Chain
Ventilation
Fats
Respiration in Annelids
29. Converts the energy of the sun into the chemical energy of bonds in comopunds such as glucose
Photosynthesis
Transamination Reaction
Ammonia
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
30. ATP synthesis is directly coupled with the degradation of glucose without the participation of an intermediate molecule such as NAD+
Aerobic conditions
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Photosynthesis
Fats
31. When amino acids lose an amino group to form an a-keto acid
Medulla Oblongata
Transamination Reaction
Exhalation
Internal Respiration
32. Diaphragm contracts and flattens - and the external intercostal muscles contract - pushing the rib cage and chest wall up and out
Alternative Energy Sources
Respiration
Inhalation
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
33. Generally a passive process where the lungs and chest wall are highly elastic and tend to recoil to their original positions after inhalation
Alcohol Fermentation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Exhalation
Fuel
34. Occurs in certain fungi and bacteria and in human muscle cells during strenuous activity -glycolysis is regenerated when pyruvte is reduced
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Ammonia
Fermentation
Transamination Reaction
35. The pyruvate formed during glycolysis is transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix where it is decarboxylated (loses a CO2) - and the acetyl group that remains is transferred to coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA; NAD+ is reduced to NAD
Pyruvate
Alcohol Fermentation
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Exhalation
36. Every cell is in contact with the external environment (water) - and respiratory gases can be exchanged between the cell and the environment by simple diffusion through the cell membrane
Alternative Energy Sources
Proteins
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
37. Pyruvate is reduced during the process of fermentation in the absence of oxygen
Anaerobic Conditions
External Respiration
Fuel
Cytochromes
38. Removes an ammonia molecule directly from the amino acid
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Proteins
Oxidative Deamination
Alcohol Fermentation
39. Mucus secreted by cells on the external surface of the earthworm's body provides a moist surface for gaseous exchange by diffusion
Transamination Reaction
Respiration in Annelids
Medulla Oblongata
Fermentation
40. Oxidation reaction that - during respiration - high-energy hydrogen atoms are removed from organic molecules
Aerobic conditions
Dehydrogenation
Electron Transport Chain
Respiration