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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Respiration
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Regulated by neurons located in the medulla oblongata
External Respiration
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Ventilation
Medulla Oblongata
2. Isomerized into PGAL (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) so that it can be used in subsequent reactions
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Internal Respiration
Respiration in Humans
3. Complex carrier mechanism located on the inside of the inner mitochondrial membrane -During oxidative phosphorylation - ATP is produced when high-energy potential electrons are transferred from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen by a series of carrier molecule
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Electron Transport Chain
Inhalation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
4. Disaccharides are hydrolyzed into monosaccharides - most of which can be converted into glucose or glycolytic intermediates
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Internal Respiration
Carbohydrates
5. The conversion of the chemical energy in these bonds into the usable energy needed to drive the processes of living cells
Respiration
Respiration in Humans
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Alternative Energy Sources
6. The pyruvate formed during glycolysis is transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix where it is decarboxylated (loses a CO2) - and the acetyl group that remains is transferred to coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA; NAD+ is reduced to NAD
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Anaerobic Conditions
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
7. Diaphragm contracts and flattens - and the external intercostal muscles contract - pushing the rib cage and chest wall up and out
Inhalation
Cytochromes
Electron Transport Chain
External Respiration
8. Electron carriers that resemble hemoglobin in the structure of their active site
Cytochromes
External Respiration
Internal Respiration
Photosynthesis
9. In living cells - carbohydrates and fats
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Fats
Ammonia
Fuel
10. Occurs only in yeast and some bacteria -the pyruvate produced in glycolysis is converted to ethanol -NAD+ is regenerated and glycolysis can continue
Carbohydrates
External Respiration
Fuel
Alcohol Fermentation
11. The exchange of gas exchange between the blood and the cells and the intracellular processes of respiration
Photosynthesis
Internal Respiration
Fats
Cellular Respiration
12. Organ whose rhythmic discharges stimulate the intercostal muscles or the diaphragm to contract
Medulla Oblongata
Glycolysis
Internal Respiration
Alveol
13. Toxic substance in vertebrates
Carbohydrates
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Ammonia
Lactic Acid Fermentation
14. The entrance of air into the lungs and the gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood
External Respiration
Respiration
Internal Respiration
Medulla Oblongata
15. Aerobic process; oxygen acts as the final acceptor of electrons that are passed from carrier to carrier during the final stage of glucose oxidation -can be divided into three stages: pyruvate decarboxylation - the citric acid cycle - and the electron
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Anaerobic Conditions
Cellular Respiration
Internal Respiration
16. Degraded only wen not enough carbohydrate or fat is available
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Cytochromes
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Proteins
17. The ionized form of pyruvic acid
Transamination Reaction
Anaerobic Conditions
Pyruvate
External Respiration
18. Air enters the lungs after traveling througha series of respiratory airways -gas exchange between the lungs and the circulatory system occurs across the very thin walls of the alveol -primary function is to provide the necessary energy for growth - m
Anaerobic Conditions
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Respiration in Humans
Respiration in Annelids
19. Converts the energy of the sun into the chemical energy of bonds in comopunds such as glucose
Cytochromes
Photosynthesis
Ventilation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
20. Trachaea open to the surface in openings called spiracles which permits the intake - distribution - and removal of respiratory gases directly between the air and the body cells by diffusion
Respiration in Humans
Inhalation
Proteins
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
21. The process that produces more than 90% of the ATP used by the cells in our body
Internal Respiration
Carbohydrates
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Oxidative Phosphorylation
22. Pyruvate is reduced during the process of fermentation in the absence of oxygen
Inhalation
Anaerobic Conditions
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Aerobic conditions
23. Glycolysis yields 2 ATP/glucose -cell respiration yields 36-38 ATP
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Fats
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Electron Transport Chain
24. Reductions occur in a series of these steps
Electron Transport Chain
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Photosynthesis
25. First stage of glucose catabolism that is a series of reactions that lead to the oxidative breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate - the production of ATP - and the reduction of NAD+ into NADH and occurs in cytoplasm
External Respiration
Oxidative Deamination
Glycolysis
Fuel
26. Air filled sacs at the terminals of the airway branches
Cellular Respiration
Cytochromes
Fermentation
Alveol
27. Cycle begins when the two carbon acetyl group from acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate - a four-carbon molecule - to form the six carbon citrate -For each turn - one ATP is produced by substrate level phosphorylation via a GTP intermediate (e- are
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Fermentation
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Alternative Energy Sources
28. Stored in adipose tissue in the form of triglyceride -must be activated in the cytoplasm; this process requires two ATP -transported into the mitochondrion and taken through a series of beta-oxidation cycles that convert it into two- carbon fragments
Fats
Aerobic conditions
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Ventilation
29. Refers to all of the reactions involved in this process (i.e. - glycolysis and the additional steps leading to the formation of ethanol or lactic acid) and only produces only two ATP per glucose molecule
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Dehydrogenation
Internal Respiration
Fermentation
30. Every cell is in contact with the external environment (water) - and respiratory gases can be exchanged between the cell and the environment by simple diffusion through the cell membrane
Carbohydrates
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Electron Transport Chain
Inhalation
31. Degradation of one glucose molecules yields a net of two ATP from glycolysis and one ATP for each turn of the Krebs cycle. thus - a total of four ATP are produced by substrate level phosphorylation
Fuel
Electron Transport Chain
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Oxidative Phosphorylation
32. When amino acids lose an amino group to form an a-keto acid
Transamination Reaction
Internal Respiration
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Electron Transport Chain
33. Occurs in certain fungi and bacteria and in human muscle cells during strenuous activity -glycolysis is regenerated when pyruvte is reduced
Electron Transport Chain
Medulla Oblongata
Pyruvate
Lactic Acid Fermentation
34. Oxidation reaction that - during respiration - high-energy hydrogen atoms are removed from organic molecules
Proteins
Pyruvate
Glycolysis
Dehydrogenation
35. Pyruvate is further oxidized during cell respiration in the mitochondria in the presence of oxygen
Respiration in Humans
Alcohol Fermentation
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Aerobic conditions
36. These sources are used by the body in the following preferential order: other carbohydrates - fats - and proteins
Anaerobic Conditions
Alternative Energy Sources
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
External Respiration
37. Generally a passive process where the lungs and chest wall are highly elastic and tend to recoil to their original positions after inhalation
Exhalation
Cellular Respiration
Carbohydrates
External Respiration
38. ATP synthesis is directly coupled with the degradation of glucose without the participation of an intermediate molecule such as NAD+
Aerobic conditions
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Transamination Reaction
39. Removes an ammonia molecule directly from the amino acid
Ventilation
Oxidative Deamination
Anaerobic Conditions
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
40. Mucus secreted by cells on the external surface of the earthworm's body provides a moist surface for gaseous exchange by diffusion
Dehydrogenation
Cytochromes
Photosynthesis
Respiration in Annelids