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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Respiration
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refers to all of the reactions involved in this process (i.e. - glycolysis and the additional steps leading to the formation of ethanol or lactic acid) and only produces only two ATP per glucose molecule
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Electron Transport Chain
Fermentation
2. The ionized form of pyruvic acid
Electron Transport Chain
Respiration in Humans
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Pyruvate
3. Reductions occur in a series of these steps
Electron Transport Chain
Photosynthesis
Anaerobic Conditions
Pyruvate
4. Occurs in certain fungi and bacteria and in human muscle cells during strenuous activity -glycolysis is regenerated when pyruvte is reduced
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Ventilation
Alcohol Fermentation
Respiration
5. The process that produces more than 90% of the ATP used by the cells in our body
Alveol
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Pyruvate
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
6. Stored in adipose tissue in the form of triglyceride -must be activated in the cytoplasm; this process requires two ATP -transported into the mitochondrion and taken through a series of beta-oxidation cycles that convert it into two- carbon fragments
Alcohol Fermentation
Medulla Oblongata
Cellular Respiration
Fats
7. Toxic substance in vertebrates
Ammonia
Aerobic conditions
Glycolysis
Anaerobic Conditions
8. When amino acids lose an amino group to form an a-keto acid
Fats
Alternative Energy Sources
Pyruvate
Transamination Reaction
9. Air filled sacs at the terminals of the airway branches
Transamination Reaction
Internal Respiration
Alveol
Medulla Oblongata
10. Electron carriers that resemble hemoglobin in the structure of their active site
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Proteins
Cytochromes
Inhalation
11. Occurs only in yeast and some bacteria -the pyruvate produced in glycolysis is converted to ethanol -NAD+ is regenerated and glycolysis can continue
Electron Transport Chain
Fuel
Alcohol Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
12. The entrance of air into the lungs and the gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
External Respiration
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Ventilation
13. Aerobic process; oxygen acts as the final acceptor of electrons that are passed from carrier to carrier during the final stage of glucose oxidation -can be divided into three stages: pyruvate decarboxylation - the citric acid cycle - and the electron
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Transamination Reaction
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Cellular Respiration
14. Mucus secreted by cells on the external surface of the earthworm's body provides a moist surface for gaseous exchange by diffusion
Respiration in Annelids
Fuel
Cellular Respiration
Inhalation
15. Pyruvate is further oxidized during cell respiration in the mitochondria in the presence of oxygen
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Aerobic conditions
Electron Transport Chain
Cytochromes
16. Degraded only wen not enough carbohydrate or fat is available
Oxidative Deamination
Proteins
Inhalation
Alveol
17. The pyruvate formed during glycolysis is transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix where it is decarboxylated (loses a CO2) - and the acetyl group that remains is transferred to coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA; NAD+ is reduced to NAD
Ventilation
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Dehydrogenation
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
18. Complex carrier mechanism located on the inside of the inner mitochondrial membrane -During oxidative phosphorylation - ATP is produced when high-energy potential electrons are transferred from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen by a series of carrier molecule
Ammonia
Proteins
Dehydrogenation
Electron Transport Chain
19. The conversion of the chemical energy in these bonds into the usable energy needed to drive the processes of living cells
Fats
Respiration
External Respiration
Glycolysis
20. Regulated by neurons located in the medulla oblongata
Fats
Ventilation
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
21. Air enters the lungs after traveling througha series of respiratory airways -gas exchange between the lungs and the circulatory system occurs across the very thin walls of the alveol -primary function is to provide the necessary energy for growth - m
Exhalation
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Medulla Oblongata
Respiration in Humans
22. Organ whose rhythmic discharges stimulate the intercostal muscles or the diaphragm to contract
Medulla Oblongata
Oxidative Deamination
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Dehydrogenation
23. These sources are used by the body in the following preferential order: other carbohydrates - fats - and proteins
Ventilation
Alternative Energy Sources
Alveol
Anaerobic Conditions
24. ATP synthesis is directly coupled with the degradation of glucose without the participation of an intermediate molecule such as NAD+
Ammonia
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Electron Transport Chain
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
25. Trachaea open to the surface in openings called spiracles which permits the intake - distribution - and removal of respiratory gases directly between the air and the body cells by diffusion
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Glycolysis
Pyruvate
Ventilation
26. In living cells - carbohydrates and fats
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Fuel
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Exhalation
27. Diaphragm contracts and flattens - and the external intercostal muscles contract - pushing the rib cage and chest wall up and out
Inhalation
Transamination Reaction
Cytochromes
Respiration in Humans
28. Glycolysis yields 2 ATP/glucose -cell respiration yields 36-38 ATP
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Aerobic conditions
Respiration
29. Isomerized into PGAL (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) so that it can be used in subsequent reactions
Oxidative Deamination
Photosynthesis
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Inhalation
30. Disaccharides are hydrolyzed into monosaccharides - most of which can be converted into glucose or glycolytic intermediates
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Respiration in Humans
Anaerobic Conditions
Carbohydrates
31. Pyruvate is reduced during the process of fermentation in the absence of oxygen
Anaerobic Conditions
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Medulla Oblongata
Ventilation
32. Oxidation reaction that - during respiration - high-energy hydrogen atoms are removed from organic molecules
Dehydrogenation
Alcohol Fermentation
Electron Transport Chain
Aerobic conditions
33. First stage of glucose catabolism that is a series of reactions that lead to the oxidative breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate - the production of ATP - and the reduction of NAD+ into NADH and occurs in cytoplasm
Pyruvate
Glycolysis
Respiration
Exhalation
34. Cycle begins when the two carbon acetyl group from acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate - a four-carbon molecule - to form the six carbon citrate -For each turn - one ATP is produced by substrate level phosphorylation via a GTP intermediate (e- are
Medulla Oblongata
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Dehydrogenation
Photosynthesis
35. Converts the energy of the sun into the chemical energy of bonds in comopunds such as glucose
Anaerobic Conditions
Exhalation
Aerobic conditions
Photosynthesis
36. Generally a passive process where the lungs and chest wall are highly elastic and tend to recoil to their original positions after inhalation
Exhalation
External Respiration
Ammonia
Photosynthesis
37. The exchange of gas exchange between the blood and the cells and the intracellular processes of respiration
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Respiration in Annelids
Oxidative Deamination
Internal Respiration
38. Removes an ammonia molecule directly from the amino acid
Respiration
Ventilation
Anaerobic Conditions
Oxidative Deamination
39. Degradation of one glucose molecules yields a net of two ATP from glycolysis and one ATP for each turn of the Krebs cycle. thus - a total of four ATP are produced by substrate level phosphorylation
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Inhalation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Anaerobic Conditions
40. Every cell is in contact with the external environment (water) - and respiratory gases can be exchanged between the cell and the environment by simple diffusion through the cell membrane
Oxidative Deamination
Proteins
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Aerobic conditions