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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Respiration
Start Test
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Degradation of one glucose molecules yields a net of two ATP from glycolysis and one ATP for each turn of the Krebs cycle. thus - a total of four ATP are produced by substrate level phosphorylation
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Lactic Acid Fermentation
2. Degraded only wen not enough carbohydrate or fat is available
Alternative Energy Sources
Electron Transport Chain
External Respiration
Proteins
3. In living cells - carbohydrates and fats
Fuel
External Respiration
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Glycolysis
4. Occurs in certain fungi and bacteria and in human muscle cells during strenuous activity -glycolysis is regenerated when pyruvte is reduced
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Ammonia
Cellular Respiration
5. When amino acids lose an amino group to form an a-keto acid
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Photosynthesis
Transamination Reaction
6. The exchange of gas exchange between the blood and the cells and the intracellular processes of respiration
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Aerobic conditions
Internal Respiration
Electron Transport Chain
7. Generally a passive process where the lungs and chest wall are highly elastic and tend to recoil to their original positions after inhalation
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Exhalation
Transamination Reaction
Ventilation
8. Air enters the lungs after traveling througha series of respiratory airways -gas exchange between the lungs and the circulatory system occurs across the very thin walls of the alveol -primary function is to provide the necessary energy for growth - m
Respiration in Humans
Glycolysis
Cellular Respiration
External Respiration
9. Trachaea open to the surface in openings called spiracles which permits the intake - distribution - and removal of respiratory gases directly between the air and the body cells by diffusion
Respiration in Humans
Transamination Reaction
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
10. Glycolysis yields 2 ATP/glucose -cell respiration yields 36-38 ATP
Respiration in Humans
Dehydrogenation
Anaerobic Conditions
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
11. Diaphragm contracts and flattens - and the external intercostal muscles contract - pushing the rib cage and chest wall up and out
Internal Respiration
Inhalation
Dehydrogenation
Alcohol Fermentation
12. Regulated by neurons located in the medulla oblongata
External Respiration
Ventilation
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Inhalation
13. The ionized form of pyruvic acid
Pyruvate
Fuel
Alternative Energy Sources
Respiration in Annelids
14. Converts the energy of the sun into the chemical energy of bonds in comopunds such as glucose
Photosynthesis
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Dehydrogenation
Fuel
15. Pyruvate is further oxidized during cell respiration in the mitochondria in the presence of oxygen
Electron Transport Chain
Aerobic conditions
Alternative Energy Sources
Oxidative Deamination
16. ATP synthesis is directly coupled with the degradation of glucose without the participation of an intermediate molecule such as NAD+
Transamination Reaction
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Alternative Energy Sources
Respiration in Annelids
17. First stage of glucose catabolism that is a series of reactions that lead to the oxidative breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate - the production of ATP - and the reduction of NAD+ into NADH and occurs in cytoplasm
Glycolysis
Medulla Oblongata
Respiration in Humans
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
18. Mucus secreted by cells on the external surface of the earthworm's body provides a moist surface for gaseous exchange by diffusion
Medulla Oblongata
Respiration in Annelids
Alternative Energy Sources
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
19. Refers to all of the reactions involved in this process (i.e. - glycolysis and the additional steps leading to the formation of ethanol or lactic acid) and only produces only two ATP per glucose molecule
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Fermentation
Electron Transport Chain
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
20. Air filled sacs at the terminals of the airway branches
Glycolysis
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Pyruvate
Alveol
21. Disaccharides are hydrolyzed into monosaccharides - most of which can be converted into glucose or glycolytic intermediates
Carbohydrates
Medulla Oblongata
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Photosynthesis
22. Isomerized into PGAL (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) so that it can be used in subsequent reactions
Cytochromes
Pyruvate
Cellular Respiration
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
23. Toxic substance in vertebrates
Pyruvate
Electron Transport Chain
Ammonia
Oxidative Phosphorylation
24. Electron carriers that resemble hemoglobin in the structure of their active site
Ammonia
Electron Transport Chain
Cytochromes
Respiration in Annelids
25. Stored in adipose tissue in the form of triglyceride -must be activated in the cytoplasm; this process requires two ATP -transported into the mitochondrion and taken through a series of beta-oxidation cycles that convert it into two- carbon fragments
Oxidative Deamination
Fats
Anaerobic Conditions
Alternative Energy Sources
26. Pyruvate is reduced during the process of fermentation in the absence of oxygen
Anaerobic Conditions
Proteins
Medulla Oblongata
Alternative Energy Sources
27. The process that produces more than 90% of the ATP used by the cells in our body
Ventilation
External Respiration
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
28. Cycle begins when the two carbon acetyl group from acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate - a four-carbon molecule - to form the six carbon citrate -For each turn - one ATP is produced by substrate level phosphorylation via a GTP intermediate (e- are
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Respiration in Humans
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
External Respiration
29. Every cell is in contact with the external environment (water) - and respiratory gases can be exchanged between the cell and the environment by simple diffusion through the cell membrane
Fats
Carbohydrates
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Alveol
30. These sources are used by the body in the following preferential order: other carbohydrates - fats - and proteins
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Alternative Energy Sources
Fats
Cytochromes
31. Removes an ammonia molecule directly from the amino acid
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Oxidative Deamination
Fermentation
Internal Respiration
32. The pyruvate formed during glycolysis is transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix where it is decarboxylated (loses a CO2) - and the acetyl group that remains is transferred to coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA; NAD+ is reduced to NAD
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Cellular Respiration
Oxidative Deamination
Medulla Oblongata
33. Oxidation reaction that - during respiration - high-energy hydrogen atoms are removed from organic molecules
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Glycolysis
Ammonia
Dehydrogenation
34. Organ whose rhythmic discharges stimulate the intercostal muscles or the diaphragm to contract
Medulla Oblongata
Respiration
Proteins
Alternative Energy Sources
35. The conversion of the chemical energy in these bonds into the usable energy needed to drive the processes of living cells
Respiration in Annelids
Respiration
Electron Transport Chain
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
36. Complex carrier mechanism located on the inside of the inner mitochondrial membrane -During oxidative phosphorylation - ATP is produced when high-energy potential electrons are transferred from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen by a series of carrier molecule
Electron Transport Chain
Respiration in Annelids
Pyruvate
Respiration in Humans
37. Reductions occur in a series of these steps
Glycolysis
Electron Transport Chain
Ammonia
Carbohydrates
38. Occurs only in yeast and some bacteria -the pyruvate produced in glycolysis is converted to ethanol -NAD+ is regenerated and glycolysis can continue
Ventilation
Alcohol Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
39. Aerobic process; oxygen acts as the final acceptor of electrons that are passed from carrier to carrier during the final stage of glucose oxidation -can be divided into three stages: pyruvate decarboxylation - the citric acid cycle - and the electron
Carbohydrates
Electron Transport Chain
Cellular Respiration
Inhalation
40. The entrance of air into the lungs and the gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
External Respiration
Pyruvate
Electron Transport Chain