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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Respiration
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Isomerized into PGAL (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) so that it can be used in subsequent reactions
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Alveol
Pyruvate
Cellular Respiration
2. Air filled sacs at the terminals of the airway branches
Ventilation
Alveol
Carbohydrates
Alternative Energy Sources
3. The pyruvate formed during glycolysis is transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix where it is decarboxylated (loses a CO2) - and the acetyl group that remains is transferred to coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA; NAD+ is reduced to NAD
Pyruvate
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Cytochromes
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
4. The process that produces more than 90% of the ATP used by the cells in our body
Fermentation
Carbohydrates
Ventilation
Oxidative Phosphorylation
5. Toxic substance in vertebrates
Ammonia
Aerobic conditions
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Pyruvate
6. Disaccharides are hydrolyzed into monosaccharides - most of which can be converted into glucose or glycolytic intermediates
Respiration
Alcohol Fermentation
Carbohydrates
Lactic Acid Fermentation
7. Mucus secreted by cells on the external surface of the earthworm's body provides a moist surface for gaseous exchange by diffusion
Respiration in Annelids
Anaerobic Conditions
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Carbohydrates
8. Pyruvate is reduced during the process of fermentation in the absence of oxygen
Electron Transport Chain
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Anaerobic Conditions
Fats
9. Occurs in certain fungi and bacteria and in human muscle cells during strenuous activity -glycolysis is regenerated when pyruvte is reduced
Ammonia
Photosynthesis
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Medulla Oblongata
10. Aerobic process; oxygen acts as the final acceptor of electrons that are passed from carrier to carrier during the final stage of glucose oxidation -can be divided into three stages: pyruvate decarboxylation - the citric acid cycle - and the electron
Cellular Respiration
Alveol
Fats
Photosynthesis
11. Stored in adipose tissue in the form of triglyceride -must be activated in the cytoplasm; this process requires two ATP -transported into the mitochondrion and taken through a series of beta-oxidation cycles that convert it into two- carbon fragments
Respiration in Annelids
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Carbohydrates
Fats
12. First stage of glucose catabolism that is a series of reactions that lead to the oxidative breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate - the production of ATP - and the reduction of NAD+ into NADH and occurs in cytoplasm
Glycolysis
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Anaerobic Conditions
Inhalation
13. Refers to all of the reactions involved in this process (i.e. - glycolysis and the additional steps leading to the formation of ethanol or lactic acid) and only produces only two ATP per glucose molecule
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
Fermentation
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Alcohol Fermentation
14. The entrance of air into the lungs and the gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood
Alveol
Inhalation
Anaerobic Conditions
External Respiration
15. Pyruvate is further oxidized during cell respiration in the mitochondria in the presence of oxygen
Respiration in Humans
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Aerobic conditions
Inhalation
16. Electron carriers that resemble hemoglobin in the structure of their active site
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Cytochromes
Pyruvate
Inhalation
17. The ionized form of pyruvic acid
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Cellular Respiration
Pyruvate
Dehydrogenation
18. Reductions occur in a series of these steps
Exhalation
Ventilation
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Electron Transport Chain
19. Organ whose rhythmic discharges stimulate the intercostal muscles or the diaphragm to contract
Pyruvate
External Respiration
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Medulla Oblongata
20. The conversion of the chemical energy in these bonds into the usable energy needed to drive the processes of living cells
Respiration
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Glycolysis
21. Converts the energy of the sun into the chemical energy of bonds in comopunds such as glucose
Photosynthesis
Cytochromes
Oxidative Deamination
Fuel
22. These sources are used by the body in the following preferential order: other carbohydrates - fats - and proteins
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Cellular Respiration
Alternative Energy Sources
Photosynthesis
23. Air enters the lungs after traveling througha series of respiratory airways -gas exchange between the lungs and the circulatory system occurs across the very thin walls of the alveol -primary function is to provide the necessary energy for growth - m
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Medulla Oblongata
Respiration in Humans
Pyruvate
24. The exchange of gas exchange between the blood and the cells and the intracellular processes of respiration
Glycolysis
Internal Respiration
Respiration in Annelids
Ammonia
25. Oxidation reaction that - during respiration - high-energy hydrogen atoms are removed from organic molecules
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Dehydrogenation
Fats
Alternative Energy Sources
26. Removes an ammonia molecule directly from the amino acid
Fuel
Cellular Respiration
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Oxidative Deamination
27. Degradation of one glucose molecules yields a net of two ATP from glycolysis and one ATP for each turn of the Krebs cycle. thus - a total of four ATP are produced by substrate level phosphorylation
Exhalation
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Photosynthesis
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
28. Occurs only in yeast and some bacteria -the pyruvate produced in glycolysis is converted to ethanol -NAD+ is regenerated and glycolysis can continue
Pyruvate
Alcohol Fermentation
Dehydrogenation
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
29. Every cell is in contact with the external environment (water) - and respiratory gases can be exchanged between the cell and the environment by simple diffusion through the cell membrane
Respiration in Protozoa and Hydra
Alveol
Alternative Energy Sources
Fuel
30. Degraded only wen not enough carbohydrate or fat is available
Proteins
Dehydrogenation
Aerobic conditions
Electron Transport Chain
31. Complex carrier mechanism located on the inside of the inner mitochondrial membrane -During oxidative phosphorylation - ATP is produced when high-energy potential electrons are transferred from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen by a series of carrier molecule
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Electron Transport Chain
Ventilation
Medulla Oblongata
32. Regulated by neurons located in the medulla oblongata
Ventilation
Medulla Oblongata
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Transamination Reaction
33. Cycle begins when the two carbon acetyl group from acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate - a four-carbon molecule - to form the six carbon citrate -For each turn - one ATP is produced by substrate level phosphorylation via a GTP intermediate (e- are
External Respiration
Dehydrogenation
Carbohydrates
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
34. In living cells - carbohydrates and fats
Fuel
Fermentation
Pyruvate Decarboxylation
Alternative Energy Sources
35. Diaphragm contracts and flattens - and the external intercostal muscles contract - pushing the rib cage and chest wall up and out
Respiration in Humans
Inhalation
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Internal Respiration
36. Trachaea open to the surface in openings called spiracles which permits the intake - distribution - and removal of respiratory gases directly between the air and the body cells by diffusion
Respiration in Arthropod Phylum
Electron Transport Chain
Electron Transport Chain
Respiration in Annelids
37. ATP synthesis is directly coupled with the degradation of glucose without the participation of an intermediate molecule such as NAD+
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
Cytochromes
Pyruvate
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
38. Generally a passive process where the lungs and chest wall are highly elastic and tend to recoil to their original positions after inhalation
Respiration in Humans
Alcohol Fermentation
Inhalation
Exhalation
39. Glycolysis yields 2 ATP/glucose -cell respiration yields 36-38 ATP
Glycolysis vs. cell respiration
Respiration
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Aerobic conditions
40. When amino acids lose an amino group to form an a-keto acid
Respiration in Humans
External Respiration
Transamination Reaction
Substrate Level Phosphorylation