Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






2. The driving force of the circulatory system






3. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






4. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






5. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






6. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






7. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






8. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






9. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






10. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






11. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






12. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






13. Excess interstitial fluid






14. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






15. Where blood flows through in arthropods






16. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






17. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






18. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






19. Branch into arterioles






20. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






21. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






22. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






23. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






24. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






25. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






26. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






27. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






28. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






29. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






30. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






31. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






32. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






33. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






34. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






35. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)






36. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






37. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






38. The period during which the ventricles contract






39. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






40. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






41. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






42. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






43. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






44. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






45. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






46. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






47. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






48. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






49. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






50. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system