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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






2. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






3. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






4. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






5. The driving force of the circulatory system






6. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






7. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






8. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






9. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






10. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






11. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






12. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






13. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






14. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






15. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






16. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






17. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






18. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






19. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






20. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






21. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






22. Branch into microscopic capillaries






23. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






24. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






25. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






26. Branch into arterioles






27. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






28. Primary organ of transport in the plant






29. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






30. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






31. Excess interstitial fluid






32. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






33. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






34. The period during which the ventricles contract






35. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






36. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






37. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






38. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






39. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






40. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






41. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






42. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






43. Branches into a series of arteries






44. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






45. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






46. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






47. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






48. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






49. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






50. Outer layer of xylem that is alive







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