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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






2. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






3. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






4. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






5. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






6. Fluid left after blood clotting






7. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






8. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






9. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






10. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






11. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






12. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






13. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






14. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






15. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






16. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






17. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






18. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






19. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






20. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






21. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






22. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






23. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






24. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






25. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






26. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






27. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






28. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






29. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






30. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






31. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






32. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






33. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






34. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






35. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






36. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






37. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






38. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






39. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






40. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






41. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






42. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






43. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






44. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






45. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






46. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






47. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






48. Excess interstitial fluid






49. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






50. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart