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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






2. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






3. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






4. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






5. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






6. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






7. The driving force of the circulatory system






8. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






9. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






10. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






11. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






12. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






13. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






14. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






15. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






16. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






17. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






18. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






19. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






20. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






21. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






22. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






23. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






24. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






25. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






26. Where blood flows through in arthropods






27. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






28. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






29. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






30. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






31. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






32. Branches into a series of arteries






33. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






34. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






35. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






36. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






37. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






38. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






39. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






40. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






41. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






42. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






43. Primary organ of transport in the plant






44. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






45. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






46. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






47. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






48. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






49. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






50. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair