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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






2. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






3. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






4. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






5. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






6. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






7. Where blood flows through in arthropods






8. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






9. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






10. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






11. Fluid left after blood clotting






12. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






13. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






14. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






15. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






16. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






17. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






18. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






19. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






20. Branch into microscopic capillaries






21. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






22. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






23. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






24. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






25. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






26. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






27. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






28. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






29. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






30. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






31. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






32. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






33. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






34. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






35. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






36. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






37. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






38. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






39. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






40. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






41. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






42. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






43. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






44. Primary organ of transport in the plant






45. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






46. Branches into a series of arteries






47. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






48. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






49. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






50. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells