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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






2. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






3. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






4. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






5. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






6. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






7. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






8. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






9. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






10. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






11. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






12. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






13. Blood is confined to blood vessel






14. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






15. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






16. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






17. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






18. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






19. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






20. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






21. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






22. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






23. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






24. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






25. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






26. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






27. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






28. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






29. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






30. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






31. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






32. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






33. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






34. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






35. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






36. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






37. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






38. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






39. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)






40. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






41. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






42. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






43. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






44. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






45. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






46. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






47. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






48. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






49. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






50. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers







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