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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






2. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






3. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






4. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






5. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






6. Blood is confined to blood vessel






7. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






8. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






9. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






10. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






11. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






12. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






13. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






14. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






15. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






16. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






17. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






18. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






19. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






20. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






21. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






22. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






23. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






24. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






25. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






26. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






27. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






28. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






29. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






30. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






31. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






32. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






33. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






34. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






35. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






36. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






37. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






38. The driving force of the circulatory system






39. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






40. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






41. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






42. The period during which the ventricles contract






43. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






44. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






45. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






46. Primary organ of transport in the plant






47. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






48. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






49. Branch into microscopic capillaries






50. Where exchange occurs in arthropods