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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






2. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






3. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






4. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






5. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






6. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






7. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






8. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






9. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






10. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






11. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






12. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






13. Branches into a series of arteries






14. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






15. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






16. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






17. Blood is confined to blood vessel






18. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






19. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






20. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






21. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






22. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






23. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






24. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






25. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






26. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






27. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






28. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






29. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






30. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






31. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






32. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






33. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






34. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






35. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






36. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






37. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






38. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






39. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






40. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






41. Branch into arterioles






42. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






43. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






44. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






45. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






46. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






47. Where blood flows through in arthropods






48. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






49. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






50. Fluid left after blood clotting