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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Branch into microscopic capillaries






2. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






3. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






4. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






5. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






6. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






7. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






8. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






9. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






10. Blood is confined to blood vessel






11. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






12. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






13. Fluid left after blood clotting






14. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






15. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






16. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






17. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






18. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






19. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






20. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






21. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






22. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






23. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






24. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






25. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






26. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






27. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






28. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






29. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






30. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






31. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






32. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






33. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






34. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






35. Where blood flows through in arthropods






36. Primary organ of transport in the plant






37. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






38. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






39. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






40. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






41. Excess interstitial fluid






42. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






43. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






44. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






45. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






46. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






47. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






48. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






49. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






50. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate