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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






2. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






3. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






4. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






5. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






6. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






7. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






8. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






9. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






10. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






11. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






12. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






13. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






14. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






15. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






16. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






17. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






18. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






19. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






20. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






21. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






22. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






23. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






24. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






25. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






26. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






27. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






28. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






29. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






30. Branch into microscopic capillaries






31. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






32. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






33. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






34. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






35. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






36. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






37. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






38. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






39. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






40. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






41. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






42. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






43. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






44. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






45. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






46. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






47. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






48. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






49. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






50. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)