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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






2. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






3. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






4. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






5. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






6. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






7. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






8. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






9. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






10. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






11. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






12. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






13. Fluid left after blood clotting






14. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






15. Blood is confined to blood vessel






16. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






17. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






18. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






19. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






20. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






21. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






22. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






23. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






24. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






25. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






26. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






27. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






28. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






29. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






30. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






31. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






32. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






33. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






34. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






35. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






36. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






37. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






38. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






39. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






40. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






41. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






42. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






43. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






44. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






45. Excess interstitial fluid






46. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






47. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






48. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






49. Where blood flows through in arthropods






50. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens