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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






2. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






3. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






4. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






5. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






6. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






7. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






8. Blood is confined to blood vessel






9. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






10. The period during which the ventricles contract






11. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






12. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






13. Branches into a series of arteries






14. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






15. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






16. Branch into microscopic capillaries






17. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






18. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






19. The driving force of the circulatory system






20. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






21. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






22. Primary organ of transport in the plant






23. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






24. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






25. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






26. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






27. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






28. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






29. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






30. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






31. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






32. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






33. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






34. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






35. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






36. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






37. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






38. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






39. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






40. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






41. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






42. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






43. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






44. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






45. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






46. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






47. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






48. Where blood flows through in arthropods






49. Excess interstitial fluid






50. Physical barier against bacterial invasion