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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






2. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






3. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






4. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






5. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






6. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






7. The driving force of the circulatory system






8. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






9. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






10. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






11. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






12. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






13. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






14. Fluid left after blood clotting






15. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






16. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






17. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






18. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






19. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






20. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






21. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






22. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






23. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






24. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






25. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






26. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






27. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






28. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






29. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






30. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






31. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






32. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






33. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






34. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






35. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






36. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






37. Branch into microscopic capillaries






38. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






39. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






40. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






41. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






42. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






43. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






44. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






45. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






46. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






47. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






48. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






49. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






50. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair







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