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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants
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Subjects
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pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog
Lymph
Antibodies
Gamma Globulin
Meristem
2. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate
Macrophages
Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Sympathetic System
Vaccination
3. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells
Vascular Bundles
Histamine
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Meristem
4. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers
Arthropods
Fibrovascular Bundle
Rh+ Fetus
Lymph
5. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps
Stem
Skin
Aortic Loops
Veins
6. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood
Plasma
Atrioventricular Valves
Secrum
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
7. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself
Clots
Macrophages
Autonomic Nervous System
Immune System
8. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself
Capillary Walls
Human Cardiovascular System
Capillaries
Tricuspid Valve
9. Excess interstitial fluid
Lymph
Heart
Lymphocytes
Immune System
10. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles
Left Side of Heart
Granulocytes
Mucous-Coated Epithelia
Leukocytes
11. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length
Lymphatic System
Heart
Apical Meristem
Arthropods
12. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens
Humoral Immunity
Interferons
Arteries
Sympathetic System
13. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin
Veins
Thromboplastin
Root
Erthrocytes (red blood cells RBC)
14. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material
Passive Immunity
Granulocytes
Skin
Adrenal Medulla
15. Branch into microscopic capillaries
Capillary Walls
Arterioles
Sinuses
Cambium
16. Branches into a series of arteries
Stem
Aorta
Platelets
Left Ventricle
17. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells
Immunosuppressing drugs
Lymphocytes
Rh+ Fetus
Arteries
18. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin
Lymphocytes
Thrombin
Sympathetic System
Cell-Meediated Immunity
19. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting
Closed Circulatory System
Tricuspid Valve
Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Functions of Circulatory System
20. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity
Humoral Immunity
Cell-Meediated Immunity
Antigens
Skin
21. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens
Closed Circulatory System
Vascular Bundles
Lymph nodes
Protozoans
22. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria
Secrum
Cell-Meediated Immunity
Atrioventricular Valves
Meristem
23. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support
Erthrocytes (red blood cells RBC)
Pith
Antibodies
Macrophages
24. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)
Cardiac Output
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Capillaries
Type O
25. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements
Capillary Walls
Arthropods
Transport Systems in Plants
Autonomic Nervous System
26. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria
Secrum
Dorsal Vessel
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Pulmonary Arteries
27. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system
Immunosuppressing drugs
Cambium
Lymph nodes
Cnidarians
28. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls
Allergic reactions
Pores
Cnidarians
Apical Meristem
29. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
Contraction Phases
Lymph
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Pulmonary Arteries
30. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen
Parasympathetic system
Oxyhemoglobin
Cnidarians
Erthrocytes (red blood cells RBC)
31. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers
Type AB
Passive Immunity
Diastole
Stem
32. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem
Transpiration Pull
Autonomic Nervous System
Left Side of Heart
Sympathetic System
33. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem
Cambium
Protozoans
Mechanism and Control
Platelets
34. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)
Plasma
Arterioles
Lymph nodes
Lymphocytes
35. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products
Cambium
Gamma Globulin
Transport Systems in Plants
Immunosuppressing drugs
36. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file
Xylem
Active Immunity
Pores
Capillaries
37. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells
Capillary action
Pores
Sinuses
Macrophages
38. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves
Contraction Phases
Root
Root Hairs
Adrenal Medulla
39. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate
Parasympathetic system
Transport Systems in Plants
Thromboplastin
Cnidarians
40. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection
Immunosuppressing drugs
Type AB
Capillary action
Transpiration Pull
41. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids
Transport Systems in Plants
Dorsal Vessel
Platelets
Semilunar valves
42. Primary organ of transport in the plant
Autonomic Nervous System
Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Stem
Transport Systems in Plants
43. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant
Clots
Lymphatic System
Arteries
Veins
44. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith
Structure of a Woody Stem
Functions of Circulatory System
Apical Meristem
Aortic Loops
45. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system
Root
Capillaries
Functions of Circulatory System
Mechanism and Control
46. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled
Functions of Circulatory System
Capillary action
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Atria
47. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps
Protozoans
Tricuspid Valve
Mechanism and Control
Thromboplastin
48. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms
Closed Circulatory System
Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Immune System
Active Immunity
49. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously
Capillary Walls
Cnidarians
Inflammatory Response
Sinoatrial (SA) node
50. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies
Lymphocytes
Capillaries
Type AB
Capillary Walls
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