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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Excess interstitial fluid






2. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






3. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






4. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






5. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






6. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






7. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






8. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






9. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






10. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






11. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






12. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






13. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






14. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






15. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






16. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






17. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






18. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






19. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






20. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






21. Primary organ of transport in the plant






22. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






23. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






24. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






25. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






26. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






27. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






28. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






29. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






30. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






31. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






32. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






33. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






34. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






35. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






36. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






37. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






38. Branches into a series of arteries






39. Where blood flows through in arthropods






40. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






41. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






42. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






43. Branch into microscopic capillaries






44. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)






45. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






46. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






47. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






48. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






49. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






50. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length