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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus
Platelet Plug
Interferons
Root
Antigens
2. Primary organ of transport in the plant
Stem
Root Pressure
Platelets
Dorsal Vessel
3. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms
Arteries
Lymphocytes
Transpiration Pull
Root
4. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)
Antigens
Active Immunity
Lymphocytes
Capillaries
5. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells
Phloem
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Dorsal Vessel
Capillary action
6. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance
Xylem
Left Ventricle
Leukocytes
AV bundle (bundle of His)
7. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant
Lymphatic System
Active Immunity
Veins
Root Pressure
8. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps
Mitral Valve
Structure of a Woody Stem
Capillary Walls
Pith
9. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles
Capillaries
Erthrocytes (red blood cells RBC)
Tricuspid Valve
Humoral Immunity
10. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction
Secrum
AV bundle (bundle of His)
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Veins
11. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps
Interferons
Plasma
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Aortic Loops
12. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith
Structure of a Woody Stem
Cambium
Stem
Root Hairs
13. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)
Left Side of Heart
Platelets
Lymphocytes
Vascular Bundles
14. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens
Protozoans
Lymphocytes
Type O
Systole
15. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria
Atrioventricular Valves
Oxyhemoglobin
Rh+ Fetus
Parasympathetic system
16. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen
Type O
Platelets
Oxyhemoglobin
Cambium
17. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Type AB
Atrioventricular Valves
18. Branch into microscopic capillaries
Arterioles
Interferons
Cnidarians
Veins
19. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination
Left Ventricle
Annelids
Fibrovascular Bundle
Active Immunity
20. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube
Capillary action
Semilunar valves
Diastole
Sinuses
21. Engulf and detroy foreign particles
Antigens
Functions of Circulatory System
Sapwood
Macrophages
22. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog
Antibodies
Pores
Autonomic Nervous System
Granulocytes
23. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
Annelids
Pulmonary veins
Cardiac Output
Sympathetic System
24. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart
Root Hairs
Pith
Arteries
Vascular Bundles
25. The driving force of the circulatory system
Right Side of Heart
Heart
Parasympathetic system
Arterioles
26. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system
Aortic Loops
Secrum
Antibodies
Mechanism and Control
27. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem
Sympathetic System
Immune System
Cambium
Antigens
28. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
Macrophages
Root Hairs
Aortic Loops
Pulmonary Arteries
29. Physical barier against bacterial invasion
Cambium
Skin
Capillaries
Autonomic Nervous System
30. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region
Blood Vessels
Phloem
Thrombin
Histamine
31. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons
Arthropods
Type O
Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Atria
32. Blood is confined to blood vessel
Atria
Arteries
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Closed Circulatory System
33. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin
Thrombin
Pulmonary Arteries
Sapwood
Adrenal Medulla
34. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin
Root Hairs
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Aorta
Thromboplastin
35. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length
Root
Apical Meristem
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Thromboplastin
36. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells
Aortic Loops
Atria
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Rh factor
37. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant
Erthrocytes (red blood cells RBC)
Granulocytes
Meristem
Adrenal Medulla
38. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine
Allergic reactions
Fibrovascular Bundle
Heart
Lymph nodes
39. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)
Fibring
Cnidarians
Semilunar valves
Macrophages
40. Fluid left after blood clotting
Stem
Lymph nodes
Heart
Secrum
41. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat
Right Side of Heart
Macrophages
Contraction Phases
Autonomic Nervous System
42. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)
Mucous-Coated Epithelia
Cardiac Output
Tricuspid Valve
Macrophages
43. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms
Atria
Veins
Phloem
Immune System
44. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file
Plasma
Skin
Capillaries
Blood Vessels
45. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood
Arthropods
Transpiration Pull
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Plasma
46. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem
Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Transpiration Pull
Atrioventricular Valves
47. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support
Functions of Circulatory System
Antigens
Cell-Meediated Immunity
Xylem
48. Excess interstitial fluid
Pith
Left Ventricle
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Lymph
49. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular
Ventricles
Sapwood
Type AB
Lymph
50. Where blood flows through in arthropods
Mitral Valve
Stem
Dorsal Vessel
Rh+ Fetus
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