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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






2. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






3. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






4. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






5. Where blood flows through in arthropods






6. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






7. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






8. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






9. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






10. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






11. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






12. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






13. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






14. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






15. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






16. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






17. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






18. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






19. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






20. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






21. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






22. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






23. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






24. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






25. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






26. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






27. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






28. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






29. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






30. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






31. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






32. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






33. Excess interstitial fluid






34. Blood is confined to blood vessel






35. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






36. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






37. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






38. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






39. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






40. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






41. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






42. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






43. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






44. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






45. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






46. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






47. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






48. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






49. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






50. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat