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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






2. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






3. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






4. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






5. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)






6. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






7. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






8. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






9. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






10. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






11. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






12. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






13. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






14. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






15. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






16. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






17. Excess interstitial fluid






18. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






19. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






20. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






21. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






22. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






23. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






24. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






25. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






26. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






27. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






28. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






29. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






30. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






31. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






32. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






33. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






34. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






35. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






36. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






37. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






38. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






39. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






40. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






41. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






42. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






43. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






44. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






45. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






46. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






47. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






48. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






49. The driving force of the circulatory system






50. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart