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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






2. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






3. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






4. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






5. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






6. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






7. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






8. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






9. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






10. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






11. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






12. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






13. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






14. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






15. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






16. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






17. Fluid left after blood clotting






18. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






19. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






20. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






21. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






22. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






23. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






24. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






25. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






26. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






27. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






28. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






29. Where blood flows through in arthropods






30. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






31. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






32. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






33. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






34. Primary organ of transport in the plant






35. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






36. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






37. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






38. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






39. Branch into microscopic capillaries






40. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






41. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






42. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






43. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






44. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






45. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






46. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






47. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






48. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






49. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






50. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate