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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this
Lymph nodes
Aorta
Capillary Walls
Leukocytes
2. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells
Veins
Meristem
Left Ventricle
Macrophages
3. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself
Protozoans
Plasma
Stem
Clots
4. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection
Passive Immunity
Antibodies
Antigens
Stem
5. Fluid left after blood clotting
Secrum
Capillary action
Adrenal Medulla
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
6. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms
Lymphocytes
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Vaccination
Leukocytes
7. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
Pulmonary Arteries
Leukocytes
Macrophages
Immunosuppressing drugs
8. Where exchange occurs in arthropods
Erthrocytes (red blood cells RBC)
Phloem
Sinuses
Plasma
9. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells
Ventricles
Vascular Bundles
Immunosuppressing drugs
Fibring
10. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor
Tricuspid Valve
Atrioventricular Valves
Antigens
Mitral Valve
11. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms
Immune System
Platelets
Capillary Walls
Lymphatic System
12. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate
Sympathetic System
Immunosuppressing drugs
Cell-Meediated Immunity
Lymph
13. Modifies the rate of heart contraction
Transpiration Pull
Macrophages
Type AB
Autonomic Nervous System
14. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens
Humoral Immunity
Plasma
Semilunar valves
Vaccination
15. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin
Thromboplastin
Active Immunity
Erthrocytes (red blood cells RBC)
Platelet Plug
16. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids
Mucous-Coated Epithelia
Dorsal Vessel
Cell-Meediated Immunity
Pulmonary Arteries
17. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system
Meristem
Aortic Loops
Lymphocytes
Mechanism and Control
18. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)
Root
Cambium
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Semilunar valves
19. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies
Erthrocytes (red blood cells RBC)
Left Side of Heart
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Type AB
20. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls
Plasma
Pores
Pulmonary Arteries
Right Side of Heart
21. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers
Diastole
Platelets
Xylem
Blood Vessels
22. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair
Interferons
Fibring
Closed Circulatory System
Platelets
23. Where blood flows through in arthropods
Immunosuppressing drugs
Mechanism and Control
Inflammatory Response
Dorsal Vessel
24. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells
Thromboplastin
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Phloem
Antigens
25. Engulf and detroy foreign particles
Macrophages
Lymphocytes
Lymph nodes
Arteries
26. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length
Apical Meristem
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Allergic reactions
Pith
27. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction
Active Immunity
Arterioles
Aortic Loops
AV bundle (bundle of His)
28. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria
Immunosuppressing drugs
Thrombin
Atrioventricular Valves
Arterioles
29. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog
Autonomic Nervous System
Lymphocytes
Antibodies
Humoral Immunity
30. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria
Arteries
Right Side of Heart
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Vascular Bundles
31. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity
Humoral Immunity
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Histamine
32. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens
Pores
Right Side of Heart
Lymph nodes
Heart
33. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell
Protozoans
Thrombin
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Plasma
34. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem
Left Side of Heart
Cambium
Root Hairs
Mucous-Coated Epithelia
35. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file
Capillaries
Thromboplastin
Cambium
Human Cardiovascular System
36. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it
Thrombin
Mechanism and Control
Sympathetic System
Vaccination
37. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles
Sympathetic System
Rh+ Fetus
Mucous-Coated Epithelia
Type AB
38. Serve protective functions -aka WBC
Vaccination
Lymph nodes
Leukocytes
Allergic reactions
39. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)
Sympathetic System
Cardiac Output
Gamma Globulin
Arthropods
40. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells
Macrophages
Left Side of Heart
Rh factor
Functions of Circulatory System
41. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity
Immune System
Immunosuppressing drugs
Functions of Circulatory System
Gamma Globulin
42. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons
Lymph
Immunosuppressing drugs
Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Lymphatic System
43. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)
Left Side of Heart
Inflammatory Response
Aorta
Thrombin
44. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens
Type O
Arteries
Platelet Plug
Diastole
45. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat
Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms
Contraction Phases
Heart
Skin
46. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot
Fibring
Pulmonary veins
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Histamine
47. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps
Mechanism and Control
Aortic Loops
Meristem
Systole
48. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps
Mitral Valve
Left Side of Heart
Systole
Cell-Meediated Immunity
49. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine
Allergic reactions
Thromboplastin
Inflammatory Response
Leukocytes
50. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection
Pulmonary Arteries
Immunosuppressing drugs
Secrum
Rh+ Fetus