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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






2. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






3. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






4. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






5. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






6. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






7. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






8. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






9. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






10. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






11. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






12. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






13. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






14. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






15. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






16. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






17. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






18. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






19. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






20. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






21. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






22. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






23. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






24. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






25. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






26. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






27. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






28. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






29. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






30. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






31. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






32. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






33. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






34. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






35. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






36. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






37. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






38. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






39. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






40. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






41. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






42. Blood is confined to blood vessel






43. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






44. The driving force of the circulatory system






45. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






46. Where blood flows through in arthropods






47. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






48. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






49. Branches into a series of arteries






50. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets