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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






2. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






3. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






4. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






5. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






6. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






7. Branch into microscopic capillaries






8. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






9. Where blood flows through in arthropods






10. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






11. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






12. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






13. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






14. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






15. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






16. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






17. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






18. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






19. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






20. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






21. Branch into arterioles






22. Fluid left after blood clotting






23. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






24. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






25. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






26. The driving force of the circulatory system






27. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






28. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






29. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






30. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






31. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






32. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






33. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






34. Excess interstitial fluid






35. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






36. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






37. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






38. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






39. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






40. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






41. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






42. Primary organ of transport in the plant






43. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






44. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






45. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






46. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






47. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






48. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






49. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






50. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens