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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






2. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






3. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






4. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






5. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






6. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






7. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






8. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






9. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






10. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






11. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






12. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






13. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






14. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






15. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






16. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






17. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






18. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






19. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






20. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






21. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






22. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






23. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






24. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






25. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






26. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






27. The period during which the ventricles contract






28. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






29. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






30. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






31. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






32. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






33. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






34. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






35. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






36. Blood is confined to blood vessel






37. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






38. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






39. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






40. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






41. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






42. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






43. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






44. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






45. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






46. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






47. Fluid left after blood clotting






48. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






49. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






50. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin