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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fluid left after blood clotting






2. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






3. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






4. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






5. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






6. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






7. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






8. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






9. Blood is confined to blood vessel






10. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






11. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






12. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






13. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






14. Where blood flows through in arthropods






15. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






16. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






17. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






18. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






19. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






20. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






21. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






22. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






23. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






24. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






25. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






26. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






27. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






28. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






29. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






30. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






31. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






32. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






33. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






34. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






35. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






36. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






37. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






38. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






39. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






40. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






41. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






42. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






43. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






44. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






45. Primary organ of transport in the plant






46. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






47. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






48. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






49. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






50. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells