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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






2. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






3. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






4. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






5. Where blood flows through in arthropods






6. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






7. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






8. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






9. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






10. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






11. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






12. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






13. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






14. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






15. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






16. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






17. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






18. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






19. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






20. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






21. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






22. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






23. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






24. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






25. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






26. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






27. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






28. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






29. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






30. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






31. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






32. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






33. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






34. Fluid left after blood clotting






35. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






36. Primary organ of transport in the plant






37. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






38. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






39. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






40. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






41. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






42. Branch into arterioles






43. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






44. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






45. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






46. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






47. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






48. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






49. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






50. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus