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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






2. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






3. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






4. Branches into a series of arteries






5. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






6. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






7. Branch into arterioles






8. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






9. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






10. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






11. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






12. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






13. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






14. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






15. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






16. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






17. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






18. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






19. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






20. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






21. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






22. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






23. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






24. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






25. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






26. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






27. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






28. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






29. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






30. Where blood flows through in arthropods






31. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






32. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






33. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






34. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






35. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






36. Branch into microscopic capillaries






37. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






38. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






39. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






40. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






41. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






42. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






43. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






44. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






45. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






46. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






47. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






48. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






49. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






50. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate