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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






2. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






3. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






4. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






5. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






6. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






7. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






8. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






9. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






10. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






11. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






12. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






13. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






14. Where blood flows through in arthropods






15. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






16. The period during which the ventricles contract






17. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






18. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






19. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






20. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






21. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






22. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






23. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






24. The driving force of the circulatory system






25. Fluid left after blood clotting






26. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






27. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






28. Blood is confined to blood vessel






29. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






30. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






31. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






32. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






33. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






34. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






35. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






36. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






37. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






38. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






39. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






40. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






41. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






42. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






43. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






44. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






45. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






46. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






47. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






48. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






49. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






50. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate