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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






2. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






3. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






4. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






5. The driving force of the circulatory system






6. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






7. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






8. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






9. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






10. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






11. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






12. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






13. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






14. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






15. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






16. Branches into a series of arteries






17. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






18. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






19. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






20. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






21. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






22. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






23. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






24. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






25. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






26. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






27. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






28. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






29. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






30. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






31. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






32. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






33. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






34. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






35. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






36. Branch into arterioles






37. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






38. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






39. Branch into microscopic capillaries






40. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






41. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






42. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






43. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






44. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






45. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






46. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






47. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






48. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






49. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






50. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support