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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants
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Subjects
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pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system
Left Ventricle
Mechanism and Control
Lymphocytes
Sinuses
2. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin
Thromboplastin
Protozoans
Parasympathetic system
Sinoatrial (SA) node
3. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Immunosuppressing drugs
Plasma
Mucous-Coated Epithelia
4. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms
Cell-Meediated Immunity
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Human Cardiovascular System
Lymphocytes
5. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment
Thrombin
Annelids
Cambium
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
6. Branch into microscopic capillaries
Fibring
Humoral Immunity
Antibodies
Arterioles
7. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant
Lymphatic System
Cambium
Root
Arteries
8. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
Pulmonary veins
Fibring
Systole
Capillaries
9. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)
Pulmonary veins
Cardiac Output
Capillary action
Aortic Loops
10. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps
Closed Circulatory System
Rh+ Fetus
Plasma
Mitral Valve
11. Blood is confined to blood vessel
Tricuspid Valve
Closed Circulatory System
Dorsal Vessel
Arterioles
12. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets
Sinuses
Plasma
Type O
Parasympathetic system
13. Engulf and detroy foreign particles
Macrophages
Interferons
Rh factor
Plasma
14. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries
Root
Blood Vessels
Humoral Immunity
Capillary action
15. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Thromboplastin
Fibrovascular Bundle
Active Immunity
16. Fluid left after blood clotting
Secrum
Pulmonary veins
Stem
Rh+ Fetus
17. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Cardiac Output
Root
Lymphatic System
18. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers
Diastole
Lymphatic System
Cardiac Output
Lymphocytes
19. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem
Semilunar valves
Lymph nodes
Interferons
Cambium
20. Branches into a series of arteries
Left Side of Heart
Lymphocytes
Capillaries
Aorta
21. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it
Stem
Passive Immunity
Capillary action
Vaccination
22. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system
Lymphocytes
Dorsal Vessel
Heart
Cnidarians
23. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor
Secrum
Humoral Immunity
Lymph nodes
Antigens
24. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support
Functions of Circulatory System
Pith
Antibodies
Granulocytes
25. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria
Closed Circulatory System
Antibodies
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Gamma Globulin
26. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells
Vascular Bundles
Cambium
Rh factor
Root
27. Physical barier against bacterial invasion
Lymph
Root Hairs
Skin
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
28. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Sinuses
Right Side of Heart
Immune System
29. The period during which the ventricles contract
Root Pressure
Systole
Arterioles
Stem
30. Serve protective functions -aka WBC
Thromboplastin
Pulmonary veins
Sapwood
Leukocytes
31. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)
Type O
Tricuspid Valve
Left Side of Heart
Passive Immunity
32. Where blood flows through in arthropods
Xylem
Heart
Clots
Dorsal Vessel
33. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting
Lymphocytes
Fibring
Functions of Circulatory System
Stem
34. Modifies the rate of heart contraction
Autonomic Nervous System
Secrum
Cambium
Macrophages
35. Branch into arterioles
Arteries
Oxyhemoglobin
Aorta
Vascular Bundles
36. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled
Annelids
Platelet Plug
Cambium
Atria
37. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens
Left Side of Heart
Secrum
Pith
Humoral Immunity
38. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens
Apical Meristem
Leukocytes
Active Immunity
Arteries
39. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells
Antibodies
Phloem
Mitral Valve
Passive Immunity
40. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection
Capillaries
Immunosuppressing drugs
Tricuspid Valve
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
41. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements
Arthropods
Antigens
Lymph
Right Side of Heart
42. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart
Arteries
Left Side of Heart
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Parasympathetic system
43. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length
Apical Meristem
Pulmonary Arteries
Root Pressure
Transpiration Pull
44. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
Arthropods
Capillaries
Pulmonary Arteries
Transport Systems in Plants
45. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells
Atrioventricular Valves
Heart
Immune System
Macrophages
46. Where exchange occurs in arthropods
Passive Immunity
Sinuses
Phloem
Left Side of Heart
47. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Fibring
Mucous-Coated Epithelia
Mechanism and Control
48. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection
Cambium
Passive Immunity
Lymphocytes
Vaccination
49. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this
Capillary Walls
Arthropods
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Sapwood
50. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube
Stem
Capillary Walls
Autonomic Nervous System
Capillary action
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