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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






2. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






3. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






4. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






5. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






6. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






7. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






8. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






9. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






10. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






11. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






12. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






13. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






14. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






15. Branch into microscopic capillaries






16. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






17. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






18. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






19. Excess interstitial fluid






20. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






21. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






22. Branch into arterioles






23. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






24. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






25. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






26. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






27. Where blood flows through in arthropods






28. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






29. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






30. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






31. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






32. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






33. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






34. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






35. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






36. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






37. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






38. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






39. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






40. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






41. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






42. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






43. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






44. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






45. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






46. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






47. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






48. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






49. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






50. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine







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