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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






2. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






3. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






4. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






5. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






6. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






7. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






8. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






9. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






10. The period during which the ventricles contract






11. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






12. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






13. Branch into arterioles






14. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






15. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






16. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






17. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






18. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






19. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






20. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






21. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






22. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






23. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






24. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






25. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






26. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






27. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






28. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






29. The driving force of the circulatory system






30. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






31. Branch into microscopic capillaries






32. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






33. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






34. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






35. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






36. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






37. Blood is confined to blood vessel






38. Fluid left after blood clotting






39. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






40. Branches into a series of arteries






41. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






42. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






43. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






44. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






45. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






46. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






47. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






48. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






49. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






50. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers