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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






2. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






3. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






4. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






5. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






6. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






7. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






8. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






9. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






10. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






11. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






12. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






13. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






14. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






15. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






16. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






17. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






18. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






19. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






20. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






21. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






22. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






23. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






24. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






25. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






26. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






27. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






28. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






29. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






30. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






31. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






32. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






33. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






34. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






35. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






36. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






37. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






38. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






39. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






40. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






41. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






42. Blood is confined to blood vessel






43. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






44. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






45. Branches into a series of arteries






46. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






47. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






48. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






49. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






50. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens