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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






2. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






3. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






4. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






5. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






6. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






7. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






8. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






9. Excess interstitial fluid






10. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






11. Branches into a series of arteries






12. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






13. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






14. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






15. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






16. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






17. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






18. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






19. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






20. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






21. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






22. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






23. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






24. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






25. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






26. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






27. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






28. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






29. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






30. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






31. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






32. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






33. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






34. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






35. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






36. Branch into microscopic capillaries






37. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






38. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






39. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






40. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






41. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






42. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






43. The period during which the ventricles contract






44. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






45. Primary organ of transport in the plant






46. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






47. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






48. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






49. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






50. Outer layer of xylem that is alive