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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






2. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






3. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






4. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






5. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






6. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






7. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






8. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






9. Where blood flows through in arthropods






10. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






11. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






12. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






13. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






14. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






15. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






16. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






17. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






18. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






19. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






20. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






21. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






22. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






23. The driving force of the circulatory system






24. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






25. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






26. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






27. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






28. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






29. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






30. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






31. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






32. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






33. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






34. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






35. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






36. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






37. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






38. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






39. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






40. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






41. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






42. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






43. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






44. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






45. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






46. Blood is confined to blood vessel






47. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






48. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






49. Branch into arterioles






50. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms