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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






2. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






3. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






4. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






5. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






6. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






7. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






8. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






9. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






10. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






11. Excess interstitial fluid






12. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






13. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






14. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






15. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)






16. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






17. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






18. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






19. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






20. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






21. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






22. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






23. Where blood flows through in arthropods






24. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






25. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






26. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






27. Primary organ of transport in the plant






28. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






29. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






30. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






31. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






32. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






33. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






34. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






35. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






36. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






37. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






38. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






39. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






40. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






41. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






42. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






43. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






44. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






45. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






46. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






47. Fluid left after blood clotting






48. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






49. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






50. Where exchange occurs in arthropods