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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






2. Primary organ of transport in the plant






3. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






4. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






5. The driving force of the circulatory system






6. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






7. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






8. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






9. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






10. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






11. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






12. Fluid left after blood clotting






13. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






14. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






15. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






16. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






17. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






18. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






19. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






20. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






21. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






22. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






23. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






24. Branch into arterioles






25. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






26. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






27. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






28. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






29. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






30. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






31. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






32. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






33. The period during which the ventricles contract






34. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






35. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






36. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






37. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






38. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






39. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






40. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






41. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






42. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






43. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






44. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






45. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






46. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






47. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






48. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






49. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






50. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps