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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






2. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






3. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






4. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






5. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






6. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






7. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






8. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






9. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






10. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






11. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






12. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






13. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






14. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






15. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






16. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






17. The period during which the ventricles contract






18. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






19. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






20. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






21. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






22. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






23. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






24. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






25. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






26. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






27. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






28. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






29. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






30. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






31. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






32. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






33. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






34. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






35. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






36. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






37. Fluid left after blood clotting






38. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






39. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






40. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






41. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






42. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






43. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






44. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






45. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






46. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






47. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






48. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






49. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






50. Blood is confined to blood vessel