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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






2. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






3. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






4. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






5. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






6. Branch into microscopic capillaries






7. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






8. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






9. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






10. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






11. Blood is confined to blood vessel






12. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






13. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






14. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






15. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






16. Fluid left after blood clotting






17. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






18. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






19. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






20. Branches into a series of arteries






21. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






22. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






23. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






24. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






25. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






26. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






27. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






28. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






29. The period during which the ventricles contract






30. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






31. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)






32. Where blood flows through in arthropods






33. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






34. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






35. Branch into arterioles






36. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






37. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






38. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






39. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






40. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






41. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






42. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






43. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






44. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






45. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






46. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






47. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






48. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






49. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






50. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube







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