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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fluid left after blood clotting






2. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






3. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






4. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






5. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






6. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






7. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






8. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






9. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






10. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






11. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






12. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






13. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






14. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






15. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






16. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






17. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






18. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






19. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






20. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






21. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






22. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






23. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






24. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






25. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






26. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






27. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






28. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






29. Blood is confined to blood vessel






30. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






31. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






32. Excess interstitial fluid






33. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






34. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






35. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






36. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






37. Branch into microscopic capillaries






38. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






39. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






40. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






41. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






42. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






43. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






44. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






45. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






46. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






47. The driving force of the circulatory system






48. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






49. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






50. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube