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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






2. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






3. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






4. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






5. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






6. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






7. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






8. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






9. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






10. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






11. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






12. Branch into arterioles






13. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






14. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






15. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






16. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






17. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






18. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






19. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






20. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






21. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






22. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






23. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






24. Fluid left after blood clotting






25. The driving force of the circulatory system






26. Lying between the phloem and xylem - is a type of meristem called lateral meristem that provides for lateral growth of the stem by adding to the phloem or xylem






27. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






28. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






29. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






30. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






31. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






32. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






33. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






34. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






35. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






36. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






37. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






38. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






39. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






40. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






41. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






42. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






43. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






44. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






45. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






46. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






47. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






48. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






49. Branch into microscopic capillaries






50. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements