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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






2. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






3. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






4. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






5. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






6. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






7. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






8. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






9. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






10. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






11. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






12. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






13. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






14. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






15. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






16. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






17. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






18. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






19. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






20. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






21. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






22. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






23. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






24. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






25. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






26. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






27. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






28. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






29. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






30. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






31. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






32. Fluid left after blood clotting






33. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






34. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






35. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






36. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






37. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






38. Primary organ of transport in the plant






39. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






40. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






41. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






42. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






43. Where blood flows through in arthropods






44. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






45. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






46. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






47. The period during which the ventricles contract






48. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






49. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






50. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells