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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






2. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






3. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






4. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






5. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






6. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






7. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






8. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






9. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






10. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






11. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






12. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






13. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






14. Where blood flows through in arthropods






15. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






16. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






17. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






18. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






19. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






20. Primary organ of transport in the plant






21. The period during which the ventricles contract






22. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






23. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






24. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






25. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






26. Branches into a series of arteries






27. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






28. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






29. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






30. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






31. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






32. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






33. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






34. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






35. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






36. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






37. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






38. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






39. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






40. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






41. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






42. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






43. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






44. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






45. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






46. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






47. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






48. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






49. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






50. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria