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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






2. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






3. Where blood flows through in arthropods






4. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






5. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






6. The period of cardiac muscle relaxation during which blood drains into all four chambers






7. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






8. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






9. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






10. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






11. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






12. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






13. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






14. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






15. Branches into a series of arteries






16. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






17. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






18. The period during which the ventricles contract






19. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






20. Two upper chambers of the heart -thin walled






21. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






22. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






23. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






24. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






25. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






26. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






27. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






28. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






29. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






30. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






31. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat






32. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






33. Inappropriate response to certain foods and pollen that cause the body to form antibodies and release histamine






34. Lined in passages - which filter and trap foreign particles






35. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






36. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






37. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






38. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






39. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






40. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






41. Leukocytes that phagocytize foreign matter and organisms such as bacteria






42. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






43. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






44. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






45. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






46. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






47. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






48. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






49. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






50. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens