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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Branch into microscopic capillaries






2. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






3. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






4. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






5. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






6. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






7. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






8. Relatively thinly walled - inelastic vessels that conduct deoxygenated blood toward the heart






9. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






10. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






11. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






12. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






13. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






14. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






15. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






16. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






17. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






18. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






19. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






20. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






21. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






22. Branches into a series of arteries






23. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






24. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






25. The period during which the ventricles contract






26. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






27. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






28. Another antigen that may be present on the surface of red blood cells






29. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






30. Branch into arterioles






31. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






32. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






33. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection






34. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






35. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






36. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






37. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






38. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






39. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






40. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






41. Fluid left after blood clotting






42. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






43. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






44. The production of antibodies during an immune response -can be conferred by vaccination






45. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






46. Responsible for the proliferationof antibodies after exposure to antigens






47. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






48. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






49. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






50. Systole and diastole - which together make a heartbeat