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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Excess interstitial fluid






2. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






3. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






4. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






5. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






6. Serve protective functions -aka WBC






7. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






8. Fluid left after blood clotting






9. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






10. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






11. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






12. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






13. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






14. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)






15. Exerts hormonal control via epinepherine (adrenaline) secretion - which causes an increase in heart rate






16. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






17. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






18. Blood is confined to blood vessel






19. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






20. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






21. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






22. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






23. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






24. Innervates the heart via the cervical and upper thoracic ganglia and causes an increase in the ehart rate






25. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






26. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






27. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






28. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






29. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






30. Composed of nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms






31. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






32. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






33. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






34. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






35. Where exchange occurs in arthropods






36. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






37. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






38. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






39. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






40. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






41. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






42. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






43. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






44. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






45. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






46. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






47. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






48. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






49. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






50. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens