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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






2. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






3. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






4. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






5. Responsible for both of these immune mechanisms






6. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






7. Cells that are thick walled - often hollow cells located on the inside of the vascular bundle that carry water and minerals up the plant - and their thick walls give the plant its rigid support






8. Fraction of the blood containing a wide variety of antibodies - that can be used to confer temporary protection against hepatitis and other diseases by passive immunity






9. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






10. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens






11. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






12. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






13. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






14. Carries impuls of AV node which branches into the right and left bundle branches - and through the Purkinje fibers in the walls of ventircles - generating a strong contraction






15. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






16. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






17. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






18. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






19. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






20. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






21. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






22. Two lower chambers of the heart -extremely muscular






23. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






24. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






25. AKA immunoglobulins (Igs) -defense mechanism that are complex proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens and trigger the immune system to remove them -either attract other cells to phagocytize the antigen or cause the antigens to clump tog






26. Blood is confined to blood vessel






27. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






28. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






29. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






30. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






31. Branch into arterioles






32. Conducts impulse slowly - allowing enough time for atrial contraction and for the ventricles to fill with blood






33. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






34. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






35. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






36. The driving force of the circulatory system






37. Swellins along lyph vessels containing phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






38. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






39. Excess interstitial fluid






40. Primary organ of transport in the plant






41. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






42. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






43. Universal recipient as it has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies






44. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






45. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






46. Fluid left after blood clotting






47. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






48. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






49. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






50. Used to lower the immune response to transplants and decrease the likelihood of rejection