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PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






2. Specialized of the root epidermis with thin-walled projections increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil






3. Oxygen carrying components of blood -formed from stem cells in the bone marrow where they lose their nuclei - mitochodnria - and membranous organelles






4. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






5. Branch into microscopic capillaries






6. Involves cells that combat fungal and viral infection






7. Functions as the main heart by coordinated contractions in annelids






8. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






9. The period during which the ventricles contract






10. Heterotrophic cells that generally consume other cells or food particles -movement of gases and nutrients is a ccomplished by simple diffusion within the cell






11. Attracted to the injury site phagocytize antigenic material






12. Phagocytic cells that filter the lymph - removing and destroying foreign particles and pathogens






13. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






14. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






15. Run up and down the stem at the center and contains xylem - phloem - and cambium cells






16. Branch into arterioles






17. Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation (toward the lungs)






18. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






19. Involves the transfer of antibodies produced by another individual or organism -acquired either passively or by injection






20. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






21. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






22. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






23. Primary organ of transport in the plant






24. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






25. Secrete sweat - which contains an enzyme that attacks bacterial cell walls






26. Outer layer of xylem that is alive






27. Produced by cells under viral attack and diffuse to other cells - where they help prevent the spread of the virus






28. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






29. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






30. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






31. Thick-walled - muscular - elastic vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart






32. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






33. In annelids - five pairs of vessels that connect the dorsal vessel to the ventral vessel and function as additional pumps






34. Leukocytes that migrate from the blood to tissue - where they mature into stationary cells






35. Converts fibrinogen (another plasma protein) into fibrin






36. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






37. Any liquid in a thin tube will rise becaUse of the surface tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube






38. Secondary circulatory system distinct from the cardiovascular circulation - =vessels transport lymph to the cardiovascular system - thereby keeping fluid levels in the body constant






39. Epidermis (outer-bark) - cortex - phloem - cambium - xylem - and pith






40. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






41. Composed of muscular - four-chambered heart - a network of blood vessels - and the blood itself






42. Leukocytes involved in immune response and the production of antibodies (B cells) or cytolysis of infected cells (T cells)






43. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






44. Water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem






45. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






46. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






47. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






48. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






49. Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs






50. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system







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