Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Vascular Systems In Animals And Plants

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Innervates the heart via the vagus nerve and causes a decrease in the heart rate






2. Fetal red blood cells (which will have the Rh factor) enter maternal circulation during birth which cause the anti-Rh antibodies she produced when sensitized by the first birth may cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells






3. Severe anemia for the fetus caused by Rh+ fetus






4. Initiated by the body in response to physical damage and often accompanied by fever






5. Cell-surface proteins that are macromolecules that are foreign to the host organism and trigger an immune response ex: ABO group and the Rh factor






6. Liquid portion of the blood -aqueous mixture of nutrients - salts - respiratory gases - wastes - hormones - and blood proteins -components are erythrocytes - leukocytes - and platelets






7. Cell fragments that lack nuclei and are involved in clot formation -involved in injury repair






8. The period during which the ventricles contract






9. Modifies the rate of heart contraction






10. Two layers thick and are the actively dividing - undifferentiated cells that give rise to xylem and phloem cell layers; as they divide - the cells near the phloem differentiate into phloem cells - and the cells near the xylem differentiate into xylem






11. Prevent extensive blood loss while the damaged vessel heals itself






12. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart






13. When hemoglobin bind to oxygen






14. Include arteries - veins - and capilleries






15. Functions to absorb materials through the root hairs and anchor the plant -provide storage for energy reserves






16. Located at the tips of roots and stems where division leads to increase in length






17. Involves the production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity






18. Tissue involved in storage of nutrients and plant support






19. Have body walls that are two cells thick -all cels are direct contact with either the internal or external environments so there is no need for a specialized circulatory system






20. Physical barier against bacterial invasion






21. Exchange of gases - nutrients - and cellular waste products occurs via diffusion across this






22. Cardiac muscle contracts rhythmically without stimulation from the nervous system - producing impulses that spread through its internal conducting system






23. Have three cusps and are located between the left ventricle and the aorta and between the right ventricle and the pumonary artery (the pulmonic valve)






24. When platelets come into contact with the exposed collagen of a damaged vessel - they release a chemical chemical that causes neighboring platelets to adherer to one another






25. Smallest diameter of all three types of vessels; red blood cells must often travel through them single file






26. Valve on the right side of the heart has three cusps






27. Converge into venules and eventually into veins - leading deoxygenated blood back toward the heart






28. Branch into arterioles






29. As water evaporates from the leaves of plants - a vacuum is created pulls water up the stem






30. With the aid of its cofactors calcium and Vitamin K - converts the inactive plasma protein prothrombin to its active form - thrombin






31. (earthworm) uses a closed circulatory system to deliver materials to cells that are not in direct contact with the external environment






32. Defined as the total volume of blood the left ventricle pumps out per minute = heart rate (number of BPM) x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per contraction)






33. A small mass of specialized tissue located in the wall of the right atrium regulates/originates an ordinary cardiac contraction -spreads impulses through both atria - stimulating them to contract simultaneously






34. Located between the atria and ventricles on both sides of the heart - prevent backflow of blood into the atria






35. Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (throughout the body)






36. Blood transports nutrients and O2 to tissue and wastes and CO2 from tissue -transport of gases - transport of nutrients and wste - and clotting






37. Phloem - cambium - and xylem layers






38. Engulf and detroy foreign particles






39. Supply plant cells with nutrients and remove waste products






40. Skin - mucous-coated epithelia - macrophages - inflammatory - interferons






41. Thin walled cells on the outside of the vascular bundle that transport nutrients down the stem -are living and include sieve tube cells and companion cells






42. An individual is injected witha weakened - inactive - or related form of a particular antigen - which stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against it






43. Actively dividing - undifferentiated cells of a plant






44. Valve on the left side of the heart that has two cusps






45. Responsible for generating the force that propels systematic circulation and pumps against a higher resistance






46. Released by injured cells - which causes blood vessels to dilate - thereby increasing blood flow to the damaged region






47. Fluid left after blood clotting






48. Coat the damaged area and trap blood cells to form a clot






49. Have open circulatory systems in which blood (interstitial fluid) is in direct contact with the body tissues -blood is circulated primarily by body movements






50. Universal donor since it will not elicit a response from the recipient's immune system because it does not possess any surface antigens