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PCAT Biology Vertebrate Embryology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 34 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process that - by the end of gastrulation - regions of the germ layers begin to develop into a rudimentary nervous system






2. A rod of mesodermal cells that develops along the longitudinal axis just under the dorsal layer of ectoderm






3. If more than one egg is fertilized






4. Major organs begin to develop -cartilaginous skeleton begins to turn into bone by the seventh week -organs will form - brain is fairly developed - and the embryo is referred to as a fetus






5. Cells at the tip of each neural fold and give rise to sensory ganglia - autonomic ganglia - adrenal medulla - and Schwann cells






6. Membrane encloses the amniotic fluid. amniotic fluid provides an aqueous environment that protects the developing embryo from shock






7. Epithelial linings of the digestive and respiratory tracts (including the lungs) and parts of the liver - pancreas - thyroid - and bladder lining






8. Integument (including the epidermis - hair - nails - and epithelium of the nose - mouth - and anal canal) - the lens of the eye - the retina and the nervous system






9. Encloses the yolk. blood vessels in the yolk sac transfer food to the developing embryo






10. Includes organogenesis - growth - gametogenesis






11. The body organs begin to form. in this process - the cells interact - differentiate - change physical shape - proliferate - and migrate






12. Musculoskeletal system - circulatory system - excretory system - gonads - connective tissue throughout the body - and portions of digestive and respiratory organs






13. A series of strong uterine contractions






14. A series of rapid mitotic divisions in early embryonic development -lead to an increase in cell number without a corresponding growth in cell protoplasm






15. The embryo develops within the egg - feeding on nutrients stored in the yolk






16. Cervix thins out and dilates - and the amniotic sac ruptures - releasing its fluids -contractions are relatively mild






17. Lines the inside of the shell. it is a moist membrane that permits gas exchange






18. Hollow sphere of cells of cells which is the blastocoel on the fourth day -the stage of the embryo that implants in the uterus






19. Accomplished by labor






20. Eggs develop in women and sperm develop in men - which results in the possibility of reproduction occuring






21. This system not only supplies oxygen and nutrients to the fetus but removes CO2 and metabolic wastes as well -two components of this system are the placenta and umbilical cord - which both develop in the first few weeks after fertilization






22. The fetus does a termendous amount of growing -begins to move around in the amniotic fluid - its face appears human - and its toes and fingers elongate






23. Occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the oviduct when sperm traveling from the vagina encounter an egg -can occur within 12-24 hours after ovulation






24. Characterized by continued rapid growth and further brain development -antibodies are transported by highly selective active transport from the mother to the fetus for protection against foreign matter






25. Uterus contracts - expelling the placenta and the umbilical cord






26. The study of the development of a unicellular zygote into a complete - multicellular organism






27. Organs increase in size - which is a continual process from infancy to childhood to adulthood






28. Three-layered structure that is created when cell migrations - once implanted in the uterus - transform the single-cell layer of blastula






29. Fluid-filled cavity developed through blastulation






30. Solid ball of embryonic cells when cell division occurs






31. Begins when the morula develops a blastocoel






32. Sac-like structure is involved in respiration and excretion and contains numerous blood vessels to transport (2 - CO2 - water - salt - and N wastes






33. Ex: marsupials and some tropical fish -without a placenta - exchange of food and oxygen between the young and the mother is limited






34. Characterized by rapid contractions - resulting in the birth of the baby - folllowed by the cutting of the umbilical cord