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Test your basic knowledge |
Perl Programming
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. _________ $#arrayName give value of last index available in the array. Ex an array of size 5 will have its $#arrayName = 4
Special array
each(%hash)
print(FILEHANDLE "Data to outputn");
substr($string, $startindex, $numchars)
2. < - > - == - <= - >= - !=
Expression character classes
%ENV hash array
interpreter
arithmetic comparison operators
3. Returns a copy of the string as all lower case
Array variables
%ENV hash array
use moduleName; Ex: use Roman;
lc($string)
4. ________ in perl - A collection of data (static data or scalar variables or arrays or hashes can all be stored in an array element)
Array variables
(@array)
keys(%hash)
hash functions
5. Explain how to read a line from a file handle
Expression Quantifiers
$line=<FILEHANDLE>
$#arrayName
hash functions
6. Stores information about the current users environment. You can print this from the command line using printenv
%ENV hash array
comments
like functions
access modes
7. Sort and array alphabetically
length($string)
flow-control
hash functions
sort(@array)
8. _________ in perl - Singular variable - starts with "$" - Number or characer or string- Perl does automatic type conversion of these
newline
hash functions
scalar context (Ex: $myArray[4] = 2)
Scalar variables
9. The two phases of creating a PERL program _______ - Execution
sort(@array)
last index
Editing
Expression character classes
10. The use of "if" "if-else" and "if-elsif-else"
similar data types
access modes
flow-control
$#arrayName
11. Returns a copy of the string as all upper case
delete($hashName{key})
uc($string)
keys(%hash)
system commands
12. Add a new element to the from of the array with the value $newwValue
hash functions
unshift(@array, $newValue)
lc($string)
last index
13. Delete the hash entry with the key given
delete($hashName{key})
access modes
%hashname = (key1=>"value1", key2=>"value2", key3=>"Value3")
join(':', @array)
14. The _______ in perl: - used to execute an external command - will output results of command to terminal - returns the exit status of the program that ran - use this for commands that you dont care about SAVING the output to a variable
interpreter
use moduleName; Ex: use Roman;
basic binding operators
system() function
15. To read an entire file into an array (one line per element)
Assignment
@entireFile=<FILEHANDLE>
Array variables
(@array)
16. The three basic ________ of the open() function: > write - >> append - < read file
access modes
chomp(@string)
arithmetic comparison operators
hash functions
17. Reverses the elements of the array
last index
@ARGV
each(%hash)
reverse(@array)
18. Remove trailing newline from each element in the array
Array variables
exists($hashName{keyName})
delete($hashName{key})
chomp(@string)
19. Adds a new element to end of the array with value $newValue
exists($hashName{keyName})
substr($string, $startindex, $numchars)
each(%hash)
push(@array, $newValue)
20. ________ in perl - can be scalar array or hash context - tells the interpreter what you are looking for (Ex: "$arrayname[$index_number]")
Variable context
$#arrayName
chomp(@string)
keys(%hash)
21. Modules in perl - Synonymous with header files in C - Collection of ______ and variables that may be used in your program
sort(@array)
reverse(%hashName)
array functions
like functions
22. Two ____________ in regular expressions: =~ Contains - !~ Does not contain
arithmetic comparison operators
size string comparison operators
print(FILEHANDLE "Data to outputn");
basic binding operators
23. Split string into an array using spaces as delimeter
Scalar variables
scalar context (Ex: $myArray[4] = 2)
split(/\s/, $string)
string manipulation functions
24. Removes the first element of the array shift
(@array)
@entireFile=<FILEHANDLE>
Scalar variables
delete($hashName{key})
25. Returns a copy of the string with the first letter lower case
lcfirst($string)
substr($string, $startindex, $numchars)
newline
foreach
26. scalar(@arrayName) returns the ______ of the array names
@arrayName size
$hashName{keyName}="Value to Add"
%hashname = (key1=>"value1", key2=>"value2", key3=>"Value3")
reverse(@array)
27. Swap keys for values and values for keys. Will cause issues if there are multiple hash entries with the same value
reverse(%hashName)
access modes
exists($hashName{keyName})
Hash variables
28. The four types of loops in perl: while - until - for - ________
command substitution
system commands
foreach
hash functions
29. The purpose of {} in an "if" statement: To Define the __________ of the if statement. Unlike C the {} braces ARE REQUIRED
interpreter
(@array)
execution block
sort(@array)
30. Common ________: pop(@array) - push(@array, $new Value) - shift(@array) - unshift(@array, $newValue) - sort(@array) - reverse(@array)
last index
scalar context (Ex: $myArray[4] = 2)
Expression Quantifiers
array functions
31. Arrays can be assigned or read in _________
Scalar variables
string manipulation functions
last index
scalar context (Ex: $myArray[4] = 2)
32. To get rid of the ________ in $line you could now chomp() (Ex: chomp($line);)
system commands
Assignment
newline
Array variables
33. In perl the _______ will recognize syntax errors and halt execution BEFORE it begins - and will output statements; it does not understand and the line which it encountered the error on
interpreter
each(%hash)
length($string)
reverse(@array)
34. The __________ in perl: - uses grave marks `command args`- returns the output of the command to the variable you specify - if $output = `command arg` the output is stored all in one variable (all lines seperated by n) - if @output = `command arg` the
command substitution
reverse(%hashName)
last index
exists($hashName{keyName})
35. Returns a copy of the string with the first letter upper case
Expression character classes
chomp(@string)
unshift(@array, $newValue)
ucfirst($string)
36. Regular __________: * - 0 or more characters - + - 1 or more characters - ? - 0 or 1 characters
Assignment
flow-control
array functions
Expression Quantifiers
37. _________ in perl - An associative array
Hash variables
ucfirst($string)
lc($string)
size string comparison operators
38. A special system variable used to pass arguments to script
@ARGV
system commands
execution block
array functions
39. Common ________: keys(%hash) - values(%hash) - each(%hash) - delete($hash{keyName}) - exists($hash{keyName}) - reverse(%hash)
like functions
hash functions
$line=<FILEHANDLE>
print(FILEHANDLE "Data to outputn");
40. Assignment of hash variables in perl (when oringally defining the hash)
each(%hash)
%hashname = (key1=>"value1", key2=>"value2", key3=>"Value3")
Variable context
values(%hash)
41. To write to a filehandle
Array variables
print(FILEHANDLE "Data to outputn");
command substitution
reverse(@array)
42. In arrays elements need not be __________
values(%hash)
(@array)
similar data types
scalar
43. $#arrayName returns the value of the ______ of the array (NOT the data stored in that array element)
last index
unshift(@array, $newValue)
Hash variables
Special array
44. Does the hash key with "keyName" exists
access modes
lcfirst($string)
exists($hashName{keyName})
use moduleName; Ex: use Roman;
45. Removes trailing newline
chomp($string)
scalar context (Ex: $myArray[4] = 2)
Expression character classes
$hashName{keyName}="Value to Add"
46. The use of ______ in perl - Documenting code - Created by placing a "#" on a line. - are not multi-line
Editing
lc($string)
comments
join(':', @array)
47. _________ of scalar variables in perl - using "=" - Ex: $myVariable = 5;
each(%hash)
Assignment
keys(%hash)
uc($string)
48. _________ @arrayName) returns the size of the array
FILEHANDLE
scalar
$line=<FILEHANDLE>
Expression Quantifiers
49. Regular ____________: w - alphanumeric word including underscor - d - digits 0-9 - s any whitespace - . - any character
Expression character classes
scalar
reverse(%hashName)
$#arrayName
50. Join the elements of the array seperating the elements with the ':' character
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