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Pre-History

Subject : history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AD 800-1500 -European contact -maize based agriculture - still hunting/gathering - but dependent on agriculture - large - fortified settlements - ceremonial centers such as Cahokia and Etowah.






2. 1900-1500 BC -cities abandoned with environmental changes including flooding and changes in river channels away from the existing populations. Site of Rojdi.






3. 5000-3500 BC- Located in arid delta of tigris and euphrates - hierarchical settlements - larger communities (2500-4000 people) ceremonial centers around temples. Communities linked through trade networks. More complex irrigation systems. Site of Erid






4. 4500-3000 BC -reliance upon ocean resources. Examine Moseley's Maritime Hypothesis.






5. 2600-1900 BC -several large - planned cities on artificial mounds (Harappa and Mohenjo Daro) - urban planning -citadels - grain storage facilities - markets - baths - etc. - local writing system - lack of monumental architecture typically associated






6. Decision making hierarchies






7. 3500-3100 BC -first cities and city-states such as Eridu - Ur - and Uruk - increasing social stratification and complexity - rapid population growth - role of temple (ziggurat) for ceremonial - bureaucratic - and redistribution centers - use of cunei






8. 2600-1900 BC -several large - planned cities on artificial mounds (Harappa and Mohenjo Daro) - urban planning -citadels - grain storage facilities - markets - baths - etc. - local writing system - lack of monumental architecture typically associated






9. 1800-900 BC -inland villages - beginning of irrigation agriculture. public architecture. U-shaped platform mounds. Site of El Paraiso -probably ceremonial centers. fine textiles.






10. 2134-1941 BC -shift to local power






11. AD 600-1000 - state of Tiwanku in southern Peru - utilized raised field agriculture - in the highland area - large llama herds - massive stone architecture and large trade in copper. Huari -located in the highlands - monumental architecture - investm






12. 3200-2600 BC -trade between lowland farmers and craft-producers in Indus Valley - villages located in the floodplain. Fortified towns with flood control. Site of Kot Diji.






13. 4500-3000 BC -reliance upon ocean resources. Examine Moseley's Maritime Hypothesis.






14. 3050-2134 BC -united under Narmer (look at Narmer Palette) - use of pyramids to legitimize authority - highly centralized government - priest/god/pharaoh - corvee labor. Royal tombs at Saqqara. Djoser and Imphotep.






15. 2000 BC -AD 250- early sedentary farming villages; slash and burn agriculture - local elites; appearance of monumental architecture.






16. 4200-4000 BC -rich cemetery - copper metallurgy - metal not utilitarian -a sumptuary good -used within a social (prestige) context.






17. 1941-1736 BC -shift of power south to Thebes - conquered Nubia - spread of trade networks farther into Africa.






18. 1600-600 BC -Miss. floodplain -still hunters and gatherers - large earthworks and population - long-distance trade.






19. 2000-1350 BC -eventually consolidated under rule of Babylon - codification of law by Hammurabi in 2790 BC. Beginning to use Bronze. Standardized farm implements and weaponry.






20. First unified political group in region with centralized political authority - consolidation of several river valleys - intricate ceramics - sumptuary goods - large temple complex.






21. Urbanized (rise of cities - settlement hierarchies) -Agri. Subsistence (irrigation common) -Craft Special. (full time - non food producing artisans) -Market Econ. (goods exchanged for profits - full time merchants) -Patron-Client relationships (elite






22. Contemporary with Merimbda -mud brick architecture - emmer wheat and barley - elaborate ceremonial burials.






23. 3200-2600 BC -trade between lowland farmers and craft-producers in Indus Valley - villages located in the floodplain. Fortified towns with flood control. Site of Kot Diji.






24. 5500-4700 BC- from Turkey to the zagros mountains- replaced hassuna - small villages linked to regional chiefdoms - widespead ceramic forms - luxury/status good.






25. Hydraulic hypothesis






26. Hierakonpolis - Nagada - and This -increasing complexity and stratification - irrigation - bureaucracy - hieroglyphic writing. Know the difference between Upper Egyptian (southern) and Lower Egyptian (north) kingdoms. Dynastic Unification- 3050 BC -U






27. Hyksos invasion 1635-1517 BC






28. These are states that emerged through contact with other states. examples include the roman empire - united states.






29. 3000-1800 BC -site of La Paloma -transition from hunters and gatherers to sedentary society. Site of Rio Seco -monumental architecture - social differentiation through house sizes.






30. AD 1476-1532- Inca -super state unifying highlands and lowlands - gradually added territory - massive architecture - split inheritance -pass position - but not wealth. Use of corvee labor - expansive roads - quipu. Sites of Cuzco and Machu Picchu






31. 2000 BC -AD 250- early sedentary farming villages; slash and burn agriculture - local elites; appearance of monumental architecture.






32. 1530-1070 BC -imperial dynasty - Valley of the Kings.






33. 2900-2000 BC -highly urbanized (80% of pop. in urban settings) - increasing rivalry among cities - division of secular and religious power - copper smelting.






34. 200 BC -AD 400 -widespread trade networks - development of the Hopewell Interaction Sphere.






35. 5500-4400 BC- middle tigris river valley- wheat - barley - and linseed - floodwater irrigation.






36. Where members of the same sex and age status do not have the same access to capital resources.






37. 800-0 BC -importance of trade - salt - grain - gold and pottery. Ability to increase agricultural production; continuing warfare.






38. 1500-500 BC -Gulf Coast of Mexico. rich in subsistence materials (terrestrial and aquatic resources). significant variation in house size. trade in exotic goods. 'Mother Culture'. Sites of San Lorenzo and La Venta.






39. Trade and Exchange






40. 1000 BC -evidence of shared religious ideologies. trade network. AD 250-900 -emergence of numerous. small competing centers. Sites of Palenque and Tikal. AD 900 -Maya collapse in the south and shift north to the Yucatan.






41. Floodplain agriculture - domesticated cattle - sheep - goats - and pigs - growing populations - shift to rectangular buildings - craft specialization.






42. 4200-4000 BC -rich cemetery - copper metallurgy - metal not utilitarian -a sumptuary good -used within a social (prestige) context.






43. 800-0 BC -importance of trade - salt - grain - gold and pottery. Ability to increase agricultural production; continuing warfare.






44. Hyksos invasion 1635-1517 BC






45. 3650 BC -13 ha. village - simple burials






46. AD 1476-1532- Inca -super state unifying highlands and lowlands - gradually added territory - massive architecture - split inheritance -pass position - but not wealth. Use of corvee labor - expansive roads - quipu. Sites of Cuzco and Machu Picchu






47. 1530-1070 BC -imperial dynasty - Valley of the Kings.






48. 5200 BC -Fayum depression - small farming villages - domesticated sheep and goats - flint sickles and weapons - baskets.






49. AD 1000-1476 - numerous - small competing kingdoms. Chimu -AD 1000-1476 - based in the Moche Valley - elaborate irrigation system -linked valleys - expansive roadways - site of Chan Chan.






50. 2000-1350 BC -eventually consolidated under rule of Babylon - codification of law by Hammurabi in 2790 BC. Beginning to use Bronze. Standardized farm implements and weaponry.






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