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Pre-History

Subject : history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Warfare and Circumscription






2. 200 BC -AD 400 -widespread trade networks - development of the Hopewell Interaction Sphere.






3. Floodplain agriculture - domesticated cattle - sheep - goats - and pigs - growing populations - shift to rectangular buildings - craft specialization.






4. Decision making hierarchies






5. 2600-1900 BC -several large - planned cities on artificial mounds (Harappa and Mohenjo Daro) - urban planning -citadels - grain storage facilities - markets - baths - etc. - local writing system - lack of monumental architecture typically associated






6. 3000 BC -edge of steppe -cord marked pottery - megalithic tombs - single family dwellings replace long-houses - chariots - copper axes (no surprise considering the name).






7. 800-0 BC -importance of trade - salt - grain - gold and pottery. Ability to increase agricultural production; continuing warfare.






8. 2500 BC in Czech Republic -early part-time specialists -use of a smelting kin. Gradual accumulation of changes - 2200 BC -plow agriculture - increased clearing of forests - increasing populations and social complexity - 1300 BC -many local centers us






9. 5500-4400 BC- middle tigris river valley- wheat - barley - and linseed - floodwater irrigation.






10. 900-200 BC -site of Chavin de Huantar -'Mother Culture' -broad art style. change in textiles and metal working. Soldering of metal. continuance of U-shaped platform mounds. Llamas used for trade.






11. Contemporary with Merimbda -mud brick architecture - emmer wheat and barley - elaborate ceremonial burials.






12. Hydraulic hypothesis






13. These are states that emerged through contact with other states. examples include the roman empire - united states.






14. Role of priesthood






15. Role of priesthood






16. 3650 BC -13 ha. village - simple burials






17. 4200-4000 BC -rich cemetery - copper metallurgy - metal not utilitarian -a sumptuary good -used within a social (prestige) context.






18. 1600-600 BC -Miss. floodplain -still hunters and gatherers - large earthworks and population - long-distance trade.






19. 2900-2000 BC -highly urbanized (80% of pop. in urban settings) - increasing rivalry among cities - division of secular and religious power - copper smelting.






20. 2000-1350 BC -eventually consolidated under rule of Babylon - codification of law by Hammurabi in 2790 BC. Beginning to use Bronze. Standardized farm implements and weaponry.






21. 3650 BC -13 ha. village - simple burials






22. First unified political group in region with centralized political authority - consolidation of several river valleys - intricate ceramics - sumptuary goods - large temple complex.






23. 1900-1500 BC -cities abandoned with environmental changes including flooding and changes in river channels away from the existing populations. Site of Rojdi.






24. 3000-1800 BC -site of La Paloma -transition from hunters and gatherers to sedentary society. Site of Rio Seco -monumental architecture - social differentiation through house sizes.






25. Where members of the same sex and age status do not have the same access to capital resources.






26. Urban Revolution






27. AD 1476-1532- Inca -super state unifying highlands and lowlands - gradually added territory - massive architecture - split inheritance -pass position - but not wealth. Use of corvee labor - expansive roads - quipu. Sites of Cuzco and Machu Picchu






28. 3200-2600 BC -trade between lowland farmers and craft-producers in Indus Valley - villages located in the floodplain. Fortified towns with flood control. Site of Kot Diji.






29. 1500-500 BC -Gulf Coast of Mexico. rich in subsistence materials (terrestrial and aquatic resources). significant variation in house size. trade in exotic goods. 'Mother Culture'. Sites of San Lorenzo and La Venta.






30. 5200 BC -Fayum depression - small farming villages - domesticated sheep and goats - flint sickles and weapons - baskets.






31. 6000-5250 BC- northern tigris river valley- dry farming - pottery common






32. Urbanized (rise of cities - settlement hierarchies) -Agri. Subsistence (irrigation common) -Craft Special. (full time - non food producing artisans) -Market Econ. (goods exchanged for profits - full time merchants) -Patron-Client relationships (elite






33. 1530-1070 BC -imperial dynasty - Valley of the Kings.






34. AD 800-1500 -European contact -maize based agriculture - still hunting/gathering - but dependent on agriculture - large - fortified settlements - ceremonial centers such as Cahokia and Etowah.






35. 6300-5300 BC -mud brick farming villages in the hilly flanks and along trade routes. Early domestication of cattle - water buffaloes - pigs - and sheep. Plants such as peas - barley - and lentils. Trade of copper items (primarily prestige goods). Sit






36. 1000-200 BC -growing trade in exotic goods - increasingly elaborate burials.






37. 1500 BC -earliest farming communities. San Jose Mogote -initially a 7 ha site. Appears relatively egalitarian - religious/public structures -later (1150 BC) increase to 70 ha in size. Social differentiation indicated by house size and burials. more e






38. 4800-4400 BC -24 ha village - semi-regular plan - storage units - domesticated dogs - pigs - and cattle.






39. 1500-500 BC -Gulf Coast of Mexico. rich in subsistence materials (terrestrial and aquatic resources). significant variation in house size. trade in exotic goods. 'Mother Culture'. Sites of San Lorenzo and La Venta.






40. 1000 BC -evidence of shared religious ideologies. trade network. AD 250-900 -emergence of numerous. small competing centers. Sites of Palenque and Tikal. AD 900 -Maya collapse in the south and shift north to the Yucatan.






41. These are states that emerged through contact with other states. examples include the roman empire - united states.






42. Hydraulic hypothesis






43. 6300-5300 BC -mud brick farming villages in the hilly flanks and along trade routes. Early domestication of cattle - water buffaloes - pigs - and sheep. Plants such as peas - barley - and lentils. Trade of copper items (primarily prestige goods). Sit






44. 200 BC -AD 600 -Nazca -importance of textiles and ceramics -sites of Paracas and Cahuachi.






45. AD 800-1500 -European contact -maize based agriculture - still hunting/gathering - but dependent on agriculture - large - fortified settlements - ceremonial centers such as Cahokia and Etowah.






46. 2134-1941 BC -shift to local power






47. 1400 BC -early farming. 650-300 BC -emergence of the state. Use of irrigation agriculture. Several competing regional centers including Cuicuilco and Teotihuacan -buffer zone between Cuicuilco and Teotihuacan. Cuicuilco buried by a volcano in 150 BC.






48. Hyksos invasion 1635-1517 BC






49. AD 600-1000 - state of Tiwanku in southern Peru - utilized raised field agriculture - in the highland area - large llama herds - massive stone architecture and large trade in copper. Huari -located in the highlands - monumental architecture - investm






50. Complex - state-level society- collection of specialized institutions that maintain stratification.







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