SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Principles Of Design
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
design
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information. It splits a display medium into a primary optical area (top left) - terminal (bottom right) - strong fallow area (top righ
Gutenberg Diagram
Forgiveness
Closure
80/20 Rule
2. Elements are percieved as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field). Characteristics of figure include defined shape - seeming closer with a clear location - below the horizon line - and lower regional placement.
Signal-to-noise Ratio
Comparison
80/20 Rule
Figure-Ground Relationship
3. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. Good mapping between controls and their effects results in greater ease of use. pg 152 ex: segway controls
Mapping
Storytelling
Area Alignment
Anthropomorphic Form
4. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way. pg 52 ex infographics with more than one element.
Forgiveness
Mapping
Proximity
Comparison
5. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur. pg 104 ex: photoshop's history palette. NOTE: Good affordances - reversibility of actions - confermation of intent - warnings - and help are
Recognition Over Recall
Forgiveness
80/20 Rule
Law of Pragnanz
6. Elements that move in the same direction are percieved to be more related than elements that move in different ones or are stationary. pg 50 ex: radar tracking displays
Common Fate
Signal-to-noise Ratio
Weakest Link
Mapping
7. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information. It splits a display medium into a primary optical area (top left) - terminal (bottom right) - strong fallow area (top righ
Picture Superiority Effect
Proximity
Storytelling
Gutenberg Diagram
8. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or 'chunks' so that the info is easier to process and remember. pg 40 ex: section headers
Chunking
Iconic Representation
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
Legibility
9. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors. pg 174 ex: video games
Storytelling
Weakest Link
Operant Conditioning
Closure
10. Alignment based on the area of elements versus the edges of elements. pg 30 ex: sihlouettes in a line.
Comparison
Area Alignment
Forgiveness
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
11. A tendency to see a set of individual elements as a single rcognizable pattern - rather than multiple individual elements. pg 44 ex: wwf panda
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
Iconic Representation
Closure
Legibility
12. Alignment based on the area of elements versus the edges of elements. pg 30 ex: sihlouettes in a line.
Law of Pragnanz
Affordance
Gutenberg Diagram
Area Alignment
13. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way. pg 52 ex infographics with more than one element.
Comparison
Figure-Ground Relationship
Chunking
Visibility
14. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and complete - versus complex and incomplete. pg 144 ex: emoticons
Recognition Over Recall
Law of Pragnanz
Figure-Ground Relationship
Storytelling
15. A high percentage of effects in any large system are caused by a low percentage of variables. pg 14
Proximity
80/20 Rule
Visibility
Proximity
16. As the flexibility of a system increases - the usability of the system decreases. pg 102 ex: remote controls; #of buttons vs ease of use.
Alignment
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
Figure-Ground Relationship
Cognitive Dissonance
17. The placement of elements such that edges line up along common rows or columns - or their bodies along a common center. pg 24 ex: ballot
Alignment
Weakest Link
Storytelling
Recognition Over Recall
18. A property in which the physical characteristics of an object influence it's function. pg 22
Affordance
Legibility
Advance Organizer
Storytelling
19. A tendency to seek consistency among attitudes - thoughts - and beliefs. pg 46 ex: AOL
Cognitive Dissonance
Iconic Representation
Common Fate
Visibility
20. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used. pg 148
Gutenberg Diagram
Forgiveness
Alignment
Legibility
21. The use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements from damage. pg 262 ex crumple zones on a car
Von Restorff Effect
Von Restorff Effect
Proximity
Weakest Link
22. A property in which the physical characteristics of an object influence it's function. pg 22
80/20 Rule
Mapping
Affordance
Cognitive Dissonance
23. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than the items in the middle of a list. pg 220
Forgiveness
80/20 Rule
Proximity
Serial Position Effects
24. An instructional technique that helps people understand new information in terms of what they already know. There are two kinds - expository - and comparative. pg 18
Affordance
Law of Pragnanz
Area Alignment
Advance Organizer
25. The use of pictoral images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls. pg 132 ex: street signs
Visibility
Gutenberg Diagram
Chunking
Iconic Representation
26. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things. pg 200 ex: multiple choice tests
Advance Organizer
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
Recognition Over Recall
Signal-to-noise Ratio
27. An instructional technique that helps people understand new information in terms of what they already know. There are two kinds - expository - and comparative. pg 18
Mapping
Area Alignment
Advance Organizer
Visibility
28. Elements that are close together are perceived to be more related than the elements further apart. pg 196 ex: window controls
Advance Organizer
Visibility
Proximity
Figure-Ground Relationship
29. A tendency to find forms that appear humanoid or exhibit humanlike characteristics appealing. pg 26 ex: cocacola bottle
Alignment
Anthropomorphic Form
Visibility
Figure-Ground Relationship
30. The failure to cognatively process a stimulus that is presented in clear view - leaving the observer without any awareness or memory of the stimulus. pg 136 ex: basketball passing and the gorilla.
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
Serial Position Effects
Anthropomorphic Form
Inattentional Blindness
31. The usability of a system is improved when it's status and methods of use are clearly visible. pg 250 ex: three mile island
Iconic Representation
Area Alignment
Visibility
Closure
32. The usability of a system is improved when it's status and methods of use are clearly visible. pg 250 ex: three mile island
Visibility
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
Advance Organizer
80/20 Rule
33. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or 'chunks' so that the info is easier to process and remember. pg 40 ex: section headers
Figure-Ground Relationship
Anthropomorphic Form
Chunking
Von Restorff Effect
34. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience. pg 230
Iconic Representation
Storytelling
Visibility
Comparison
35. A tendency to seek consistency among attitudes - thoughts - and beliefs. pg 46 ex: AOL
Serial Position Effects
Weakest Link
Cognitive Dissonance
Von Restorff Effect
36. The failure to cognatively process a stimulus that is presented in clear view - leaving the observer without any awareness or memory of the stimulus. pg 136 ex: basketball passing and the gorilla.
Comparison
Mapping
Storytelling
Inattentional Blindness
37. Elements are percieved as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field). Characteristics of figure include defined shape - seeming closer with a clear location - below the horizon line - and lower regional placement.
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
Serial Position Effects
Advance Organizer
Figure-Ground Relationship
38. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and complete - versus complex and incomplete. pg 144 ex: emoticons
Chunking
Inattentional Blindness
Law of Pragnanz
Comparison
39. A tendency to find forms that appear humanoid or exhibit humanlike characteristics appealing. pg 26 ex: cocacola bottle
Forgiveness
Anthropomorphic Form
80/20 Rule
Operant Conditioning
40. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things. pg 200 ex: multiple choice tests
Weakest Link
Advance Organizer
Law of Pragnanz
Recognition Over Recall
41. The use of a weak element that will fail in order to protect other elements from damage. pg 262 ex crumple zones on a car
Von Restorff Effect
Weakest Link
Mapping
Iconic Representation
42. Pictures are remembered better than words. pg 184 ex: ads with pictures are easier to look at.
Recognition Over Recall
Picture Superiority Effect
Forgiveness
Legibility
43. The use of pictoral images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls. pg 132 ex: street signs
Comparison
Iconic Representation
Figure-Ground Relationship
Weakest Link
44. The placement of elements such that edges line up along common rows or columns - or their bodies along a common center. pg 24 ex: ballot
Alignment
Law of Pragnanz
Serial Position Effects
Figure-Ground Relationship
45. Ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. pg 224 ex: infographics
Signal-to-noise Ratio
Proximity
Storytelling
Affordance
46. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled than common things.
Comparison
Law of Pragnanz
Common Fate
Von Restorff Effect
47. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur. pg 104 ex: photoshop's history palette. NOTE: Good affordances - reversibility of actions - confermation of intent - warnings - and help are
Mapping
Law of Pragnanz
Proximity
Forgiveness
48. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled than common things.
Von Restorff Effect
Forgiveness
Serial Position Effects
Signal-to-noise Ratio
49. As the flexibility of a system increases - the usability of the system decreases. pg 102 ex: remote controls; #of buttons vs ease of use.
Common Fate
Storytelling
Picture Superiority Effect
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
50. Pictures are remembered better than words. pg 184 ex: ads with pictures are easier to look at.
Signal-to-noise Ratio
Picture Superiority Effect
Figure-Ground Relationship
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff