SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Principles Of Design
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
design
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As the flexibility of a system increases - the usability of the system decreases. pg 102 ex: remote controls; #of buttons vs ease of use.
Picture Superiority Effect
Von Restorff Effect
Operant Conditioning
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
2. Alignment based on the area of elements versus the edges of elements. pg 30 ex: sihlouettes in a line.
Closure
80/20 Rule
Area Alignment
Recognition Over Recall
3. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled than common things.
Picture Superiority Effect
Von Restorff Effect
Area Alignment
Chunking
4. The failure to cognatively process a stimulus that is presented in clear view - leaving the observer without any awareness or memory of the stimulus. pg 136 ex: basketball passing and the gorilla.
Inattentional Blindness
Law of Pragnanz
Comparison
Storytelling
5. A property in which the physical characteristics of an object influence it's function. pg 22
Gutenberg Diagram
Advance Organizer
Inattentional Blindness
Affordance
6. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. Good mapping between controls and their effects results in greater ease of use. pg 152 ex: segway controls
Legibility
Common Fate
Mapping
Iconic Representation
7. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors. pg 174 ex: video games
Proximity
Legibility
Alignment
Operant Conditioning
8. A phenomenon of memory in which noticeably different things are more likely to be recalled than common things.
Figure-Ground Relationship
Law of Pragnanz
Von Restorff Effect
Inattentional Blindness
9. A relationship between controls and their movements or effects. Good mapping between controls and their effects results in greater ease of use. pg 152 ex: segway controls
Mapping
Weakest Link
Forgiveness
Alignment
10. The usability of a system is improved when it's status and methods of use are clearly visible. pg 250 ex: three mile island
Visibility
Cognitive Dissonance
Cognitive Dissonance
Area Alignment
11. The visual clarity of text - generally based on the size - typeface - contrast - text block - and spacing of the characters used. pg 148
Legibility
Signal-to-noise Ratio
Law of Pragnanz
Storytelling
12. A tendency to see a set of individual elements as a single rcognizable pattern - rather than multiple individual elements. pg 44 ex: wwf panda
Advance Organizer
Forgiveness
Closure
Serial Position Effects
13. Pictures are remembered better than words. pg 184 ex: ads with pictures are easier to look at.
Advance Organizer
Recognition Over Recall
Legibility
Picture Superiority Effect
14. The use of pictoral images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls. pg 132 ex: street signs
Iconic Representation
Figure-Ground Relationship
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
Comparison
15. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things. pg 200 ex: multiple choice tests
Recognition Over Recall
Advance Organizer
Anthropomorphic Form
Advance Organizer
16. A high percentage of effects in any large system are caused by a low percentage of variables. pg 14
80/20 Rule
Forgiveness
Storytelling
Recognition Over Recall
17. A tendency to seek consistency among attitudes - thoughts - and beliefs. pg 46 ex: AOL
Visibility
Cognitive Dissonance
Von Restorff Effect
Mapping
18. Pictures are remembered better than words. pg 184 ex: ads with pictures are easier to look at.
Comparison
Alignment
Serial Position Effects
Picture Superiority Effect
19. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and complete - versus complex and incomplete. pg 144 ex: emoticons
Law of Pragnanz
Chunking
Gutenberg Diagram
Figure-Ground Relationship
20. A property in which the physical characteristics of an object influence it's function. pg 22
Affordance
Visibility
Picture Superiority Effect
Comparison
21. A method of illustrating relationships and patterns in system behaviors by representing two or more system variables in a controlled way. pg 52 ex infographics with more than one element.
Chunking
Law of Pragnanz
Forgiveness
Comparison
22. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information. It splits a display medium into a primary optical area (top left) - terminal (bottom right) - strong fallow area (top righ
Operant Conditioning
Closure
Cognitive Dissonance
Gutenberg Diagram
23. Ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. pg 224 ex: infographics
Cognitive Dissonance
Von Restorff Effect
Signal-to-noise Ratio
Comparison
24. An instructional technique that helps people understand new information in terms of what they already know. There are two kinds - expository - and comparative. pg 18
Advance Organizer
Common Fate
Figure-Ground Relationship
Cognitive Dissonance
25. The placement of elements such that edges line up along common rows or columns - or their bodies along a common center. pg 24 ex: ballot
Weakest Link
Alignment
Visibility
Common Fate
26. Elements that move in the same direction are percieved to be more related than elements that move in different ones or are stationary. pg 50 ex: radar tracking displays
Von Restorff Effect
Iconic Representation
Anthropomorphic Form
Common Fate
27. Ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. pg 224 ex: infographics
Law of Pragnanz
Signal-to-noise Ratio
Proximity
Anthropomorphic Form
28. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur. pg 104 ex: photoshop's history palette. NOTE: Good affordances - reversibility of actions - confermation of intent - warnings - and help are
Forgiveness
Advance Organizer
Affordance
Visibility
29. A technique of combining many units of information into a limited number of units or 'chunks' so that the info is easier to process and remember. pg 40 ex: section headers
Chunking
Visibility
80/20 Rule
Alignment
30. A tendency to seek consistency among attitudes - thoughts - and beliefs. pg 46 ex: AOL
Storytelling
Von Restorff Effect
Cognitive Dissonance
Anthropomorphic Form
31. A tendency to interpret ambiguous images as simple and complete - versus complex and incomplete. pg 144 ex: emoticons
Law of Pragnanz
Forgiveness
Legibility
Iconic Representation
32. A method of creating imagery - emotions - and understanding of events through an interaction between a storyteller and an audience. pg 230
Closure
Von Restorff Effect
Storytelling
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
33. A high percentage of effects in any large system are caused by a low percentage of variables. pg 14
Chunking
Inattentional Blindness
80/20 Rule
Picture Superiority Effect
34. Elements are percieved as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field). Characteristics of figure include defined shape - seeming closer with a clear location - below the horizon line - and lower regional placement.
Figure-Ground Relationship
Recognition Over Recall
Storytelling
Recognition Over Recall
35. The usability of a system is improved when it's status and methods of use are clearly visible. pg 250 ex: three mile island
Visibility
Common Fate
Advance Organizer
Serial Position Effects
36. A phenomenon of memory in which items presented at the beginning and end of a list are more likely to be recalled than the items in the middle of a list. pg 220
Forgiveness
Serial Position Effects
Closure
Inattentional Blindness
37. Elements that move in the same direction are percieved to be more related than elements that move in different ones or are stationary. pg 50 ex: radar tracking displays
Forgiveness
Storytelling
Von Restorff Effect
Common Fate
38. Elements that are close together are perceived to be more related than the elements further apart. pg 196 ex: window controls
Legibility
Advance Organizer
Proximity
Von Restorff Effect
39. The use of pictoral images to improve the recognition and recall of signs and controls. pg 132 ex: street signs
Visibility
Iconic Representation
Mapping
Forgiveness
40. A tendency to see a set of individual elements as a single rcognizable pattern - rather than multiple individual elements. pg 44 ex: wwf panda
Legibility
Closure
Comparison
80/20 Rule
41. Elements are percieved as either figures (objects of focus) or ground (the rest of the perceptual field). Characteristics of figure include defined shape - seeming closer with a clear location - below the horizon line - and lower regional placement.
Weakest Link
Figure-Ground Relationship
Alignment
80/20 Rule
42. A technique used to modify behavior by reinforcing desired behaviors - and ignoring or punishing undesired behaviors. pg 174 ex: video games
Von Restorff Effect
Operant Conditioning
Weakest Link
Anthropomorphic Form
43. Designs should help people avoid errors and minimize the negative consequences of errors when they do occur. pg 104 ex: photoshop's history palette. NOTE: Good affordances - reversibility of actions - confermation of intent - warnings - and help are
Chunking
Affordance
Forgiveness
Picture Superiority Effect
44. A tendency to find forms that appear humanoid or exhibit humanlike characteristics appealing. pg 26 ex: cocacola bottle
Anthropomorphic Form
Area Alignment
Weakest Link
Von Restorff Effect
45. An instructional technique that helps people understand new information in terms of what they already know. There are two kinds - expository - and comparative. pg 18
Legibility
Weakest Link
Advance Organizer
Flexibiliby-Usability Tradeoff
46. Elements that are close together are perceived to be more related than the elements further apart. pg 196 ex: window controls
Proximity
Advance Organizer
Serial Position Effects
Common Fate
47. A diagram that describes the general pattern followed by the eyes when looking at evenly distributed - homogeneous information. It splits a display medium into a primary optical area (top left) - terminal (bottom right) - strong fallow area (top righ
Advance Organizer
Legibility
Gutenberg Diagram
Anthropomorphic Form
48. Alignment based on the area of elements versus the edges of elements. pg 30 ex: sihlouettes in a line.
Alignment
Area Alignment
Comparison
Alignment
49. Memory for recognizing things is better than memory for recalling things. pg 200 ex: multiple choice tests
Recognition Over Recall
Closure
Cognitive Dissonance
Figure-Ground Relationship
50. The failure to cognatively process a stimulus that is presented in clear view - leaving the observer without any awareness or memory of the stimulus. pg 136 ex: basketball passing and the gorilla.
Serial Position Effects
Inattentional Blindness
Visibility
Proximity