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Test your basic knowledge |
Programming
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
it-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A change in the state of a program made by calling a function that is not a result of reading the return value from the function. Can only be produced by modifiers.
side effect
traverse
semantic error
infinite loop
2. An operator that takes two operands.
binary operator
abstraction
instantiate
queue
3. A program development plan intended to avoid debugging by adding and testing only a small amount of code at a time.
link
object
incremental development
prompt
4. One of the basic elements of the syntactic structure of a program - analogous to a word in a natural language.
linked queue
token
random
base case
5. A way of writing mathematical expressions with the operators after the operands.
docstring
delimiter
header
postfix
6. A set of values. The type of a value determines how it can be used in expressions. So far the types you have seen are integers (type int) and floating-point numbers (type float) and strings (type str).
data type
state diagram
increment
logical operator
7. A compound data type that is often used to model a thing or concept in the real world.
whitespace
object
wrapping code in a function
value
8. The boolean expression in a conditional statement that determines which branch is executed.
condition
development plan
abstract data type (ADT)
object code
9. An expression in parentheses that acts as a single operand in a larger expression.
fundamental ambiguity theorem
key-value pair
subexpression
overflow
10. A special character that causes the cursor to move to the beginning of the next line.
file system
newline
prompt
postorder
11. A statement that consists of two parts: header - which begins with a keyword determining the statement type and ends with a colon. body - containing one or more statements indented the same amount from the header.
compound statement
operator
list
logical operator
12. Any one of the languages that people have designed for specific purposes - such as representing mathematical ideas or computer programs; all programming languages are formal languages.
formal language
priority queue
wrapper
fruitful function
13. One of the operators that compares two values: == or != or > or < or >= and <=.
linked queue
comparison operator
prototype development
script
14. A statement which makes the objects contained in a module available for use within another module.
import statement
tuple
constant time
pure function
15. A way of developing programs starting with a prototype and gradually testing and improving it.
exception
child
body
prototype development
16. An intermediate language between source code and object code. Many modern languages first compile source code into byte code and then interpret the byte code with a program called a virtual machine.
prefix notation
scaffolding
byte code
parse
17. A general process for solving a category of problems.
interface
algorithm
pure function
local variable
18. A method that is not invoked directly by a caller but is used by another method to perform part of an operation.
bug
helper
embedded reference
mutable data type
19. A loop in which the terminating condition is never satisfied.
infinite loop
wrapper
inheritance
condition
20. The node that refers to a given node.
script
Priority Queue
path
parent
21. Both as a noun and as a verb - it means to increase by 1.
singleton
implementation
value
increment
22. An operation whose runtime is a linear function of the size of the data structure.
side effect
import statement
linear time
index
23. An assignment to all of the elements in a tuple using a single assignment statement. Useful for swapping values.
siblings
tuple assignment
generic data structure
low-level language
24. A name that refers to a value.
object
variable
linear time
import statement
25. The process of calling the function that is currently executing.
trace
body
recursion
node
26. A variable or value used to select a member of an ordered set - such as a character from a string.
mapping type
overflow
program
index
27. A variable used to store an intermediate value in a complex calculation.
temporary variable
function call
operand
namespace
28. To ________ a variable is to give it an initial value - usually in the context of multiple assignment.
text file
prompt
parent
initialization (of a variable)
29. An assertion that must be true in order for a method to work correctly.
test-driven development (TDD)
inorder
veneer
precondition
30. The order in which statements are executed during a program run.
body
operator overloading
flow of execution
modulus operator
31. To replace something unnecessarily specific (like a constant value) with something appropriately general (like a variable or parameter). It makes code more versatile - more likely to be reused and sometimes even easier to write.
child
generalize
file
mutable type
32. A name used inside a function to refer to the value passed as an argument.
parse
constant
parameter
incremental development
33. A way to traverse a tree - visiting each node before its children.
block
preorder
rules of precedence
pure function
34. A numerical result that is too large to be represented in a numerical format.
fruitful function
interface
docstring
overflow
35. The rules that determine which member of a queue is removed next.
queueing policy
import statement
child class
tab
36. The value given to an optional parameter if no argument for it is provided in the function call.
recursive call
byte code
default value
value
37. An object that belongs to a class.
encode
body
instance
modifier
38. A data type which can be modified.
sequence
mutable data type
linked list
tab
39. A program in a high-level language before being compiled.
evaluate
source code
class
executable
40. A program that translates higher level programming languages into basic instructions the CPU can understand.
problem solving
logical operator
type conversion
compiler
41. A program stored in a file (usually one that will be interpreted).
script
random
dictionary
scalar multiplication
42. An escape character '' followed by one or more printable characters used to designate a nonprintable character.
portability
generic data structure
escape sequence
subexpression
43. A data structure that implements a collection using a sequence of linked nodes.
value
file system
dot notation
linked list
44. A statement that creates a new function specifying its name and parameters and the statements it executes.
traverse
recursive call
parameter
function definition
45. A graphical representation of a set of variables and the values to which they refer.
prototype development
list
traverse
state diagram
46. A compound data type whose elements cannot be assigned new values.
development plan
base case
interpret
immutable
47. A function that returns a boolean value.
continue statement
unit testing
stack diagram
boolean function
48. Information in a program that is meant for other programmers (or anyone reading the source code) and has no effect on the execution of the program.
compound data type
delimiter
comment
value
49. A value provided to a function when the function is called. This value is assigned to the corresponding parameter in the function.
prefix notation
argument
cargo
abstraction
50. A method that acts as a middleman between a caller and a helper method - often making the method easier or less error-prone to invoke.
wrapper
postorder
index
scaffolding
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