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Psychiatry

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. While going to sleep
whenhypnagogic hallucinations take place
intox = euphoria - anxiety - paranoid delusions - perception of slowed time - impaired judgment - social withdrawal - increase appetite - dry mouth hallucinations. Withdrawal = irritability - depression - insomnia - N - anorexia
desired reward produces action - mouse presses button for food
proclaiming logical reasons for actions actually performed for other reasons - to avoid self blame

2. BDZ - busiprone - SSRIs
prolonged pain with no physical findings - psychosocial factors play an important role in severity exacerbation or maintenance
intox = euphoria - anxiety - paranoid delusions - perception of slowed time - impaired judgment - social withdrawal - increase appetite - dry mouth hallucinations. Withdrawal = irritability - depression - insomnia - N - anorexia
the tx for GAD
intox = impaired judgement - pup dilation - prolonged wakefulness and attention - delusions - hallucinations - fever. Withdrawal = stomach cramps - hunger - hypersomnolence

3. Anterograde amnesia
milder form of autism with normal intel - repetitive behavior and problems with social relationships - no language impairment
inability to remember things that occurred after CNS insult
the EEG findings in dementia
enduring pattern of hostile - defiant behavior towards authority figures in the absence of serious violations of social norms

4. Marijuana
What ego dystonic means in relation to OCD
patient conciously creates physical and or psychological symptoms in order to assume the sick role and get medical attention - primary gain
child neglect
intox = euphoria - anxiety - paranoid delusions - perception of slowed time - impaired judgment - social withdrawal - increase appetite - dry mouth hallucinations. Withdrawal = irritability - depression - insomnia - N - anorexia

5. Hypochondriasis
fear that is excessive or unreasonable and interferes with with nl fxn - cued by presence or antiicipation of a specific object or situatio - person recognizes fear is excessive
intox = impaired judgement - pup dilation - hallucinations (tactile) - paranoid ideations - angina - sudden cardiac death. Withdrawal = suicidality - hypersomnolence - malaise - severe psychological craving
the 3 types of cluster C personality disorder
preoccupation with a fear of having a serious illness despite medical evaluation and assurance

6. In what disease does NE increase - GABA decrease - and 5HT decrease?
sudden loss of sensory or motor fxn often following an acute stressor - pt is aware but indifferent
the most common psychiatric illness on medical and surgical floors and the most common cause of this pyschiatric disorder
Anxiety
inflexible - maladaptive - and rigidly pervasive pattern of behavior causing subjective distress and/or impaired functioning - persons usually not aware of problem - presents early in adulthood

7. Savant
the time frame for brief pyschotic disorder
causes wernicke - korsakoff syndrome
autism with unusual abilities
exaggerated fear of embarrasment in social situations - disorder and tx

8. Barbituates
proclaiming logical reasons for actions actually performed for other reasons - to avoid self blame
doctor projects feelings about formative or other important persons onto patient
intox is marked respiratory depression - intox = delerium - life threatening CV collapse
anxious - fearful

9. Substance dependence - tolerance - withdrawal - substance taken in larger amounts over longer time than desired - persistant desire or unsuccesful attempts to cut down - lots of energy spet obtaining - using or recovering from substance - important s
process whereby avoided ideas and feelings are transferred to some neutral person or object
presence of 2 or more distinct identities or personality states - most common in women - associated with a history of sexual abuse
<40 and <20
maladaptive pattern of substance use with 3 or more of these 7 criteria

10. Illusion
the complications/associations of anorexia nervosa
misinterpretations of actual external stimulus
the common causes of lack or orientation
define bipolar disorder and distinguish I from II

11. Periventricular hemorrhage/necrosis of mamillary bodies
neurologic outcome associated with W- K syndrome
sudden loss of sensory or motor fxn often following an acute stressor - pt is aware but indifferent
behavioral - physiologic - cognitive state caused by cessation or reduction of heavy and prolonged substance use - clinical signs
the common causes of lack or orientation

12. Dissociative identity disorder
belief that people are either all good or all bad at different times due to intolerance or ambiguity
presence of 2 or more distinct identities or personality states - most common in women - associated with a history of sexual abuse
proclaiming logical reasons for actions actually performed for other reasons - to avoid self blame
overwhelming fear of separation from home or loss of attachment figure that can lead to factitious physical complaints to avoid going to school

13. Vit B1 - thiamine
intox = restlessness - increase diureis - muscle twitching
the tx of W- K syndrome
the tx for opiod intox and withdrawal
the goal of the ego defenses

14. Maternal blues 50 to 85%
postpartum depressed affect - tearfullness fatigue - usually resolves within 10 days - disorder + incidence
dramatic - emotional or erratic
mediator between primal urges and accepted behavior
prolonged pain with no physical findings - psychosocial factors play an important role in severity exacerbation or maintenance

15. Genital/anal trauma - STDs and UTIs
pieces of evidence for sexual child abuse
distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated - expansive - irritable mood lasting at least 1 week
the common sx of PTSD
the EEG findings in dementia

16. Precontemplation - contemplation - preparation - action - maintenance - relapse
behavior achieved following reward of closer and closer approximations of desired behavior
abrupt change in geographic location with inability to recall past - confusion about personal identity - or assumption of a new identity - associated with traumatic circumstances
the stages of change in overcoming substance addiction
This gross neurological finding is associated with ADHD

17. Irreversible memory loss - confabulation - personality change

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18. Conduct disorder <18 - antisocial personality disorder > 18
repetitive and pervasive behavior violating social norms - disorder - and name change after 18
learning in which a natural response is elicited by a conditioned - or learned stimulus that previously was presented in conjuction with an unconditioned stimulus
desire to live as the opposite sex - through surgery or hormone tx
appreciating the amusing nature of an anxiety provoking or adverse situation

19. Altruism - mafia boss makes a large donation to charity
guilty feelings alleviated by unsolicitied generosity towards others
factors are most important in the etiology of schizophrenia
How long marijuana is detectable in the urine after last use
intox = impaired judgement - pup dilation - hallucinations (tactile) - paranoid ideations - angina - sudden cardiac death. Withdrawal = suicidality - hypersomnolence - malaise - severe psychological craving

20. Paranoid - pervasive distrust - schizoid - voluntary social withdrawal - schitzotypal - eccentric appearance and magical thinking - interpersonal awkwardness
Separation of feelings from ideas and events
define bipolar disorder and distinguish I from II
the various types of cluster A personality disorder
reward received after random number of responses - slowly extinguished - slot machine

21. Rett's disorder
the typical abuser in physical child abuse
limited attention span and poor impulse control - hyperactivity - motor impairment - emotional lability
<40 and <20
x- linked disorder in girls - sx apparent 1-4 - regression - MR - loss of verbal abilities - ataxia - and hand wringing

22. Confusion - opthalmoplegia - and ataxia

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23. Dysthymia
the tx for bipolar disorder
milder form of depression lasting at least 2 years
Longitudinal lacerations of the gastroesophogeal junction caused by excessive vomiting
intox = ataxia - minor respiratory depression

24. Reaction formation - a patient with libidinous thoughts enters a monastery
dramatic - emotional or erratic
an unacceptable internal impulse is attributed to an external source
process whereby a warded off idea or feeling is replaced by an unconsiously derived emphasis on its opposite
Is body weight maintained within nl range in bulimia nervosa

25. Munchausen's syndrome by proxy
emotional symptoms causing impairment following an identifiable stressor (divorce - illness) and lasting <6 months
process whereby one replaces an unacceptable wish with a course of action that is similar to the wish but does not conflict with ones value system
persistent re - experiencing of a previous traumatic event
illness in a child is caused by a caregiver - motivation is to assume sick role by proxy

26. Korsakoff's amnesia
patient conciously fakes or claims to have a disorder in order to gain a specific secondary gain and avoids medical treatmen - complaints cease after gain
the typical abuser in sexual abuse
anterograde amnesia caused by thiamine deficiency
intense fear and discomfort peaking in 10 minutes

27. Mallory weiss syndrome
the concern with use of antidepressants in pts with bipoloar disorder
Longitudinal lacerations of the gastroesophogeal junction caused by excessive vomiting
intox is marked respiratory depression - intox = delerium - life threatening CV collapse
the tx for bipolar disorder

28. Autism
learning in which a particular ation is elicited because it produces a reward
associated with winter season - improves in response to full spectrum light exposure
severe language impairment and poor social interactions - greater focus on objects than people - repetitive behavior - below normal intelligence
process whereby one replaces an unacceptable wish with a course of action that is similar to the wish but does not conflict with ones value system

29. Delusions - hallucinations - disorganizaed speech - disorganized or catatonic behavior and negative sx
the 4 W's of deprived babies?
process whereby avoided ideas and feelings are transferred to some neutral person or object
the triad of Wernicke's encephalopathy
Diagnosis requres 2 of 5 of which sx

30. <1mo - usually stress related
bing eating +/- purging self induced vomiting - use of laxatives - diuretics or emetics
process whereby avoided ideas and feelings are transferred to some neutral person or object
When to hypnopompic hallucinations take place
the time frame for brief pyschotic disorder

31. Thiamine deficiency
In ADHD - typical intelligence and school performance
causes wernicke - korsakoff syndrome
appreciating the amusing nature of an anxiety provoking or adverse situation
Gradual change in cognition with no change in level of conciousness - memory deficits - aphasia - apraxia - loss of abstract thought

32. Blacks=whites - males = females - 1.5% lifetime prev
gets schizophrenia and the prev
This gross neurological finding is associated with ADHD
pattern of uncontrollable anxiety for at least 6 months - associated with sleep disturbances - fatigue - GI distirbance - difficulty concentrating
causes wernicke - korsakoff syndrome

33. Atypical depression
tantrums
hypersomnia - overeating - mood reactivity - weight gain and sensitivity to rejection
autism with unusual abilities
postpartum depressed affect - tearfullness fatigue - usually resolves within 10 days - disorder + incidence

34. Paranoid - disorganized - catatonic - undifferentiated - residual
intox = impaired judgement - pup dilation - hallucinations (tactile) - paranoid ideations - angina - sudden cardiac death. Withdrawal = suicidality - hypersomnolence - malaise - severe psychological craving
100 - 15
the 5 types of schizophrenia
define bipolar disorder and distinguish I from II

35. Palp - parasthesias - abdominal distress - nausea - intense fear of dying or losing control - lIght headedness - chest pain - chills - choking - disConnectedness - sweating - shaking - SOB
the common causes of lack or orientation
development of delusions in a person in a close relationship with delusional disorder
PANICS
the time frame for brief pyschotic disorder

36. Tourrette's
the various types of cluster A personality disorder
How long infant deprivation can last before it leads to irreversible changes
sudden rapid - recurrent - nonrhythmic stereotyped motor movements or vocalizations that persist for >1 yr
Depression

37. Before 7
fixed persistent - nonbizarre belief system lasting >1 month not impaired - self limited
recurring - intrussive thoughts - feelings or sensations that cause severe distress - relieved in part by performance of repeititive actions
How long marijuana is detectable in the urine after last use
the age of onset of ADHD

38. In what disease is GABA decrease and ACH decrease?
Longitudinal lacerations of the gastroesophogeal junction caused by excessive vomiting
Huntingtons
This gross neurological finding is associated with ADHD
intox = euphoria - anxiety - paranoid delusions - perception of slowed time - impaired judgment - social withdrawal - increase appetite - dry mouth hallucinations. Withdrawal = irritability - depression - insomnia - N - anorexia

39. Schizoaffective disorder
at least 2 weeks of stable mood with psychotic sx plus a major depressive - manic or mixed episode
the typical abuser in physical child abuse
intox - emotional liability - slurred speech - ataxia - coma - blackouts. Withdrawal - severe is delerium tremens
Parkinsons

40. Manic episdoe
intox = marked anxiety or depression - delusions - visual hallucinations - flashbacks and pup dilation
distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated - expansive - irritable mood lasting at least 1 week
the tx for bipolar disorder
repeated stimulation leads to decrease response

41. Autonomic system hyperactivity - psychotic symptoms - confusion
reward received after every response - rapidly extinguished - vending machine
delerium tremens symptoms
voluntary withholding of an idea or feeling fromk concious awareness
whenhypnagogic hallucinations take place

42. Orientation
patients ability to know who he or she is - what date and time is and wht his or her present circumstances are...
anxious - fearful
postpartum depressed affect - tearfullness fatigue - usually resolves within 10 days - disorder + incidence
What ego dystonic means in relation to OCD

43. LSD
intox = marked anxiety or depression - delusions - visual hallucinations - flashbacks and pup dilation
temporary - drastic changes in personality - memory or conciousness or motor behavior to avoid emotional stress
How long does the disturbance last in PTSD
an enduring repetitive pattern of perceiving - relating to - and thinking about about the environment and oneself

44. >1month
belief that people are either all good or all bad at different times due to intolerance or ambiguity
behavioral - physiologic - cognitive state caused by cessation or reduction of heavy and prolonged substance use - clinical signs
preoccupation with minor or imagined defect in appearance leading to significant emotional distress or impaired functioning
How long does the disturbance last in PTSD

45. To make the patient aware of hidden in their unconcious
Depression
discontinuation of reinforcement eliminates behavior
the central goa of freudian psychoanalysis
learning in which a natural response is elicited by a conditioned - or learned stimulus that previously was presented in conjuction with an unconditioned stimulus

46. Supression - not thinking about the USMLE until the week of the exam
Depression
voluntary withholding of an idea or feeling fromk concious awareness
olfactory hallucinations common
avoidance of awareness of a some painful reality

47. Postpartum depression - 10 to 15%
intox = marked anxiety or depression - delusions - visual hallucinations - flashbacks and pup dilation
postpartum depressed affect - anxiety - poor concentration - lasts 2 weeks to 2 months - disorder + incidence
involunatary withholding of an idea or feeling from conscious awareness
fixed persistent - nonbizarre belief system lasting >1 month not impaired - self limited

48. Sleep disturbances - loss of interest - guilt or feelings of worthlessness - loss of Energy - loss of Concentration - Appetite/weight changes - psychomotor retardation or agitation - suicidal ideations - depressed mood - 5 of 9 with anhedonia/depress
chronic factitious disorder with physical signs and symptoms - mutliple hospital admissions and invasive procedures
SIG E CAPS and the criteria for dx
olfactory hallucinations common
pattern of uncontrollable anxiety for at least 6 months - associated with sleep disturbances - fatigue - GI distirbance - difficulty concentrating

49. Alcoholic cirrhosis - hepatitis - pancreatitis - peripheral neuropathy - testicular atrophy
disorders in the form of through - the way ideas are tied together
define bipolar disorder and distinguish I from II
Huntingtons
the complications of alcoholism

50. Cluster A personality disorder
emotional symptoms causing impairment following an identifiable stressor (divorce - illness) and lasting <6 months
intox is marked respiratory depression - intox = delerium - life threatening CV collapse
odd or eccentric; inability to develop meaningful social relationships
severe language impairment and poor social interactions - greater focus on objects than people - repetitive behavior - below normal intelligence

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Psychiatry

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