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Psychiatry

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Hallucination
milder form of depression lasting at least 2 years
distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated - expansive - irritable mood lasting at least 1 week
fixed persistent - nonbizarre belief system lasting >1 month not impaired - self limited
perceptions in the absence of external stimulus

2. Separation anxiety disorder
overwhelming fear of separation from home or loss of attachment figure that can lead to factitious physical complaints to avoid going to school
chronic factitious disorder with physical signs and symptoms - mutliple hospital admissions and invasive procedures
olfactory hallucinations common
intox = impaired judgement - pup dilation - prolonged wakefulness and attention - delusions - hallucinations - fever. Withdrawal = stomach cramps - hunger - hypersomnolence

3. Schizophrenia
tactile hallucinations common
When to hypnopompic hallucinations take place
auditory hallucinations common
the types of cluster B personality disorder

4. Like manic but without marked impairement in fxning - no pyschotic features
a hypomanic episode
misinterpretations of actual external stimulus
cyclothymia disorder
suboxone and the rational of adding an antagonist

5. Transsexualism
intox = ataxia - minor respiratory depression
desire to live as the opposite sex - through surgery or hormone tx
Parkinsons
fixed persistent - nonbizarre belief system lasting >1 month not impaired - self limited

6. Bilateral destruction of mammilary bodies - some retrograde amnesia - alcholics - and assoc with confabulations

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7. 1 month
patient conciously creates physical and or psychological symptoms in order to assume the sick role and get medical attention - primary gain
dramatic - emotional or erratic
gender autism is more common in
How long marijuana is detectable in the urine after last use

8. Dec bone density - severe weight loss - metatarsal stress fractures - amenorrhea - anemia - lytes disturbances - depression
How long infant deprivation can last before it leads to irreversible changes
Chronic mental disorder with periods of pyschosis - disturbed behavior and though and decline in fxn that lasts > 6 months
the complications/associations of anorexia nervosa
milder form of depression lasting at least 2 years

9. 7 to 9
recurring - intrussive thoughts - feelings or sensations that cause severe distress - relieved in part by performance of repeititive actions
When separation anxiety disorder usually presents
Postpartum delusions - confusion - unusual behavior - homicidal/suicidal ideations or attempts - lasts 4 to 6 weeks
false beliefs not shared with other members of culture/subcutlure that are firmly maintained in spite of obvoius proof to the contrary

10. Factitious disorder
removal of aversive stimulus elicits behavior - mouse presses button to avoid shock
patient conciously creates physical and or psychological symptoms in order to assume the sick role and get medical attention - primary gain
Stanford - binet
desire to live as the opposite sex - through surgery or hormone tx

11. Depression
in elderly patients who present with dementia - the concern
learning in which a natural response is elicited by a conditioned - or learned stimulus that previously was presented in conjuction with an unconditioned stimulus
disorders in the form of through - the way ideas are tied together
partially remaining at more childish level of development

12. Boys
gender autism is more common in
Depression
bing eating +/- purging self induced vomiting - use of laxatives - diuretics or emetics
milder form of depression lasting at least 2 years

13. Negative reinforcement
x- linked disorder in girls - sx apparent 1-4 - regression - MR - loss of verbal abilities - ataxia - and hand wringing
gender autism is more common in
chronic factitious disorder with physical signs and symptoms - mutliple hospital admissions and invasive procedures
removal of aversive stimulus elicits behavior - mouse presses button to avoid shock

14. Gamma glutamyltransferase - GGT - AST 2x ALT
the serum markers of alcohol use
patient conciously creates physical and or psychological symptoms in order to assume the sick role and get medical attention - primary gain
waxing and waning level of conciousness with acute onset leading to rapid decrease in attention span/level of arousal - acute changes in mental status - disorganized thinking - hallucinations etc
intox = impaired judgement - pup dilation - hallucinations (tactile) - paranoid ideations - angina - sudden cardiac death. Withdrawal = suicidality - hypersomnolence - malaise - severe psychological craving

15. PCP
the tx for bipolar disorder
intox = belligerence - impulsiveness - fever - psychomotor agitation - vertical and horizontal nystagmus - tachycardia - homicidality - psychosis - delirium. Withdrawal = depression - anxiety - irritability - restlessness - anergia - disturbances of
at least 2 weeks of stable mood with psychotic sx plus a major depressive - manic or mixed episode
emotional symptoms causing impairment following an identifiable stressor (divorce - illness) and lasting <6 months

16. Maternal blues 50 to 85%
SAD PERSONS
preoccupation with minor or imagined defect in appearance leading to significant emotional distress or impaired functioning
process whereby one replaces an unacceptable wish with a course of action that is similar to the wish but does not conflict with ones value system
postpartum depressed affect - tearfullness fatigue - usually resolves within 10 days - disorder + incidence

17. Manic episdoe
distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated - expansive - irritable mood lasting at least 1 week
the typical abuser in sexual abuse
discontinuation of reinforcement eliminates behavior
hypersomnia - overeating - mood reactivity - weight gain and sensitivity to rejection

18. Calculates IQ as mental age/chronological age x 100
Stanford - binet
patient conciously fakes or claims to have a disorder in order to gain a specific secondary gain and avoids medical treatmen - complaints cease after gain
gender autism is more common in
odd or eccentric; inability to develop meaningful social relationships

19. ECT - disorientation amnesia - usually resolves in 6 months
treatment option for MDD refractory to opther treatment - produces painelss seizure in anesthetized patient - tx and major adverse affects
repeated stimulation leads to decrease response
process whereby a warded off idea or feeling is replaced by an unconsiously derived emphasis on its opposite
behavioral - physiologic - cognitive state caused by cessation or reduction of heavy and prolonged substance use - clinical signs

20. Parotitis - enamel erosion - lytes disturbances - alkalosis - dorsal hand calluses from inducing vomit
How long infant deprivation can last before it leads to irreversible changes
the associations/complications of bulimia nervosa
olfactory hallucinations common
SAD PERSONS

21. Munchausen's syndrome
chronic factitious disorder with physical signs and symptoms - mutliple hospital admissions and invasive procedures
process whereby avoided ideas and feelings are transferred to some neutral person or object
presence of 2 or more distinct identities or personality states - most common in women - associated with a history of sexual abuse
intox = CNS depression - N/V - constipation - pup cxn - seizures withdrawal = sweating - pup diltaed - piloerection - rever - rhinorrhea - N - stomach cramps - diarrhea

22. Irreversible memory loss - confabulation - personality change

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23. Paranoid - disorganized - catatonic - undifferentiated - residual
inability to remember things that occurred after CNS insult
When to hypnopompic hallucinations take place
Drugs with what kind of affect can lead to a state of delirium
the 5 types of schizophrenia

24. Hepatitis - abscesses - OD - hemorrhoids - AIDS - right sided endocarditits
Drugs with what kind of affect can lead to a state of delirium
the complications/associations of anorexia nervosa
chronic factitious disorder with physical signs and symptoms - mutliple hospital admissions and invasive procedures
heroin users at increased risk of...

25. Aspergers
milder form of autism with normal intel - repetitive behavior and problems with social relationships - no language impairment
disorders in the form of through - the way ideas are tied together
behavior achieved following reward of closer and closer approximations of desired behavior
the concern with use of antidepressants in pts with bipoloar disorder

26. Aura of psychomotor epilepsy and in brain tumors
belief that people are either all good or all bad at different times due to intolerance or ambiguity
postpartum depressed affect - tearfullness fatigue - usually resolves within 10 days - disorder + incidence
anxious - fearful
olfactory hallucinations common

27. Fixation - men fixating on sports games
partially remaining at more childish level of development
maladaptive pattern of substance use with 3 or more of these 7 criteria
SAD PERSONS
suboxone and the rational of adding an antagonist

28. Seasonal affective disorder
process whereby avoided ideas and feelings are transferred to some neutral person or object
associated with winter season - improves in response to full spectrum light exposure
mediator between primal urges and accepted behavior
the tx for GAD

29. Paranoid - pervasive distrust - schizoid - voluntary social withdrawal - schitzotypal - eccentric appearance and magical thinking - interpersonal awkwardness
the complications/associations of anorexia nervosa
the various types of cluster A personality disorder
patient projects feelings about formative or other important persons onto physician
development of delusions in a person in a close relationship with delusional disorder

30. Mood elevation - decrease anxiety - sedation - behavior disinhibition - respiratory depression
depressant intoxication - nonspecific
less than what percentage of ideal body weight is common in anorexia nervosa
chronic factitious disorder with physical signs and symptoms - mutliple hospital admissions and invasive procedures
In ADHD - typical intelligence and school performance

31. Illusion
anterograde amnesia caused by thiamine deficiency
the epi of sexual abuse
misinterpretations of actual external stimulus
discontinuation of reinforcement eliminates behavior

32. In what disease does NE increase - GABA decrease - and 5HT decrease?
Number of major depressive episodes constitute major depressive disorder
Anxiety
the 5 types of schizophrenia
partially remaining at more childish level of development

33. Unconcious mental processes to resolve conflict and prevent feelings of anxiety and depression
the treatments for ADHD
the goal of the ego defenses
discontinuation of reinforcement eliminates behavior
perceptions in the absence of external stimulus

34. OCD
heroin users at increased risk of...
patient conciously fakes or claims to have a disorder in order to gain a specific secondary gain and avoids medical treatmen - complaints cease after gain
recurring - intrussive thoughts - feelings or sensations that cause severe distress - relieved in part by performance of repeititive actions
patients ability to know who he or she is - what date and time is and wht his or her present circumstances are...

35. Cluster A personality disorder
enduring pattern of hostile - defiant behavior towards authority figures in the absence of serious violations of social norms
odd or eccentric; inability to develop meaningful social relationships
distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated - expansive - irritable mood lasting at least 1 week
the serum markers of alcohol use

36. Supression - not thinking about the USMLE until the week of the exam
child neglect
voluntary withholding of an idea or feeling fromk concious awareness
persistent re - experiencing of a previous traumatic event
process whereby a warded off idea or feeling is replaced by an unconsiously derived emphasis on its opposite

37. PTSD
dramatic - emotional or erratic
persistent re - experiencing of a previous traumatic event
overwhelming fear of separation from home or loss of attachment figure that can lead to factitious physical complaints to avoid going to school
sudden loss of sensory or motor fxn often following an acute stressor - pt is aware but indifferent

38. Positive reinforcement
whenmen vs women present with schizophrenia
desired reward produces action - mouse presses button for food
Parkinsons
an enduring repetitive pattern of perceiving - relating to - and thinking about about the environment and oneself

39. Splitting - a pt that says all nurses are nice and all doctors are bad
belief that people are either all good or all bad at different times due to intolerance or ambiguity
This gross neurological finding is associated with ADHD
pieces of evidence of physical child abuse
process whereby one replaces an unacceptable wish with a course of action that is similar to the wish but does not conflict with ones value system

40. Continuous reinforcement schedule
whenmen vs women present with schizophrenia
the tx for bipolar disorder
depressant intoxication - nonspecific
reward received after every response - rapidly extinguished - vending machine

41. Autism
intox = ataxia - minor respiratory depression
fear that is excessive or unreasonable and interferes with with nl fxn - cued by presence or antiicipation of a specific object or situatio - person recognizes fear is excessive
severe language impairment and poor social interactions - greater focus on objects than people - repetitive behavior - below normal intelligence
the evidence for child neglect

42. 85 percent
distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated - expansive - irritable mood lasting at least 1 week
fixed persistent - nonbizarre belief system lasting >1 month not impaired - self limited
less than what percentage of ideal body weight is common in anorexia nervosa
potential tx for nicotine withdrawal

43. Personality trait
intox = impaired judgement - pup dilation - prolonged wakefulness and attention - delusions - hallucinations - fever. Withdrawal = stomach cramps - hunger - hypersomnolence
an enduring repetitive pattern of perceiving - relating to - and thinking about about the environment and oneself
gender autism is more common in
involunatary withholding of an idea or feeling from conscious awareness

44. Transference
psychiatric disorder associated with tourrettes - and the treatment
Under these conditions do children regress to younger patterns of behavior
patient projects feelings about formative or other important persons onto physician
the common sx of PTSD

45. Atypical depression
associated with winter season - improves in response to full spectrum light exposure
marked regression in multiple areas of fxn after at least 2 years of nl development - loss of expressive or receptive language skills - social - adaptive behavior - bowel or bladder control - more common in boys
hypersomnia - overeating - mood reactivity - weight gain and sensitivity to rejection
the definition of alcoholism

46. Depersonalization disorder

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47. Sensitization
repeated stimulation lead sot increase response
the triad of Wernicke's encephalopathy
the EEG findings in dementia
Postpartum delusions - confusion - unusual behavior - homicidal/suicidal ideations or attempts - lasts 4 to 6 weeks

48. Naloxone + buprenorphine - naloxone not active when taken orally only when injected - withdrawal sx only occur if injected cuts down abuse
How long marijuana is detectable in the urine after last use
the typical abuser in sexual abuse
less than what percentage of ideal body weight is common in anorexia nervosa
suboxone and the rational of adding an antagonist

49. Habituation - simple learning
Causes of dementia
primal urges - freud
Is body weight maintained within nl range in bulimia nervosa
repeated stimulation leads to decrease response

50. Repression - not remebering a conflictual or traumatic experience
this drug is a risk factor for schizophrenia in teens
intox is marked respiratory depression - intox = delerium - life threatening CV collapse
both illness and motivation are subconcious - sx not intentionally produced or feigned
involunatary withholding of an idea or feeling from conscious awareness