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Test your basic knowledge |
Public Relations: PR Basics
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Reach older demographics - opinion leaders tend to read the newspaper - impressive breadth in audience - has a large impact on public issues
advantages of getting a story in print
internal factors of a situation analysis
outcomes of a program
western media
2. A collection of all that is known about the situation
situation analysis
common mistakes in handling crises
SMART decisions
situation Analysis( Internal and External)
3. Making decisions about program goals and objectives - identifying key publics - setting policies or rules to guide selection of strategies - and determining those strategies
components of a budget
latent public
strategic planning
opinion maker newspaper reader
4. Any announcement that promotes programs and services of the government and voluntary agencies--no payment is made to the station for broadcasting it
external factors of a situation analysis?
What to do
publice service announcement
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
5. What percentage of crises are unexpected?
tips to writing a Program Outcome
putting news on a wire or syndicate
14%
Management by objectives
6. Number of people exposed to your program messages
nonpublic
revolutionary media
potential audience
stakeholder analysis?
7. Evaluation done after the program has finished-- 'how did we do?'
summative evaluation
tips to writing a Program Outcome
Examples of traditional media
guidelines for writing a program objective
8. They read newspapers to receive advice and guidance for forming and validating an opinion
colors associated with different crises
Examples of traditional media
opinion maker newspaper reader
guidelines on giving the media the news they want
9. Hesitation - Obfuscation - Retaliation - Being Ambiguous - To be Pompous - Confrontation - and Litigations
aware public
Management by Objectives and Results
common mistakes in handling crises
10%
10. What financially supports cable television?
situation Analysis( Internal and External)
ways to analyze media coverage
advertising
Management by objectives
11. Whether or not your reached your goals
80%
problem statement
communication audit?
PR effectivness
12. An information line during a crisis - has 2 parts: one that deals directly with the public - one that obtains the information - and needs to be credible before crisis
Management by objectives
western media
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
information center
13. In-person surveys - telephone surveys - self-administered surveys - mailed surveys
primary research
types of surveys
radio
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
14. With uncontrolled media these people control if it is reported/what - when how - etc?
common mistakes in handling crises
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
media Gatekeepers
PR effectivness
15. Number of people who attend to messages and attend events--measured by Readership - listenership - and viewership
attentive audience
PR effectivness
Management by objectives
nonpublic
16. Give focus/direction - provide guidance/motivation - spell out the outcome criteria to be evaluated
tips to writing a Program Outcome
budgeting tips
colors associated with different crises
mailed surveys
17. What percent of media relations is Preparation?
80%
force field analysis
qualitative research methods
situation analysis
18. Predicting or establishing a desired future goal state - determining what forces will help or hinder movement toward te goal - and formulating a plan for achieving the desired state
revolutionary media
primary research
strategic thinking
outcomes of a program
19. Problem statement - purpose statement - audience analysis - recommendation plans - time frame - projected costs - and evaluation design
situation Analysis( Internal and External)
components of a budget
Management by Objectives and Results
cross sectional surveys
20. Policies - procedures - and actions related to the problem
summative evaluation
internal factors of a situation analysis
stages of crisis management
research
21. The process of identifying who is involved and affected by the situation
SMART decisions
strategic thinking
advertising
stakeholder analysis?
22. Evening TV news - major network news - local newspaper
stages of crisis management
Examples of traditional media
budgeting tips
10%
23. Start with 'To' then use an accomplishment verb - Specify a key outcome to be achieved - State the outcome in quantitative terms - Set a target date for acheiving - Put it in writing and refer to it often
guidelines for writing a program objective
authoritarian International media
components of the SWOT analysis
potential audience
24. Use present tense - describe situation in measurable terms - do not imply solution or blame for problem - Step 1: Define the Problem. What question do we ask? What is happening now?
places where one could obtain secondary research
things that define stakeholders
pleasure newspaper reader
guidelines to writing useful problem statements
25. Best for counting - predicting and analyzing. Methods include content analysis and survey research
guidelines on giving the media the news they want
strengths and threats strategies
quantitative research methods
tips to writing a Program Outcome
26. _____ has the advantage of interactive conversation with its publics - and it has a personal appeal becuase it is the spoken word
communist media
qualitative research methods
components of the circular PR Management Process
radio
27. The media are subordinate to the state - which controls the press and restricts coverage. Example: Iraq under Hussein
Examples of traditional media
80%
The PR practitioners
authoritarian International media
28. Attempt to minimize organizational weaknesses by taking advantages of external opportunities
embargoed news
The PR practitioners
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
communication audit?
29. MOR
internal factors of a situation analysis
mailed surveys
Management by Objectives and Results
common mistakes in handling crises
30. Define your objectives/mission - Define audience/what motivated them - Define metrics/critera to use - Compare yourself with the competition - Pick your measurement tool - Analyze results and make this a regular occurence
world's largest international news agency
steps to creating an evaluation program at your organization
Examples of traditional media
reification
31. Immediate - like natural disasters or death - Emerging - like sexual harrassment or crime - and Sustained - rumors or down-sizing - scandals
mailed surveys
types of crises
SMART decisions
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
32. They make decisions to either minimize negative forces or maximize positive forces - that is always their focus
tread-panel surveys
results of long-range planning
force field analysis
embargoed news
33. PR now tells an org how to say - what to say and...
What to do
additional questions that must be answered through research
controlled media
colors associated with different crises
34. Documentation of an organizations efforts for the purpose of understanding how it communicates with its publics
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
communication audit?
main obstacles in planning
colors associated with different crises
35. Conducted to measure one single point in time
primary research
the PR process
cross sectional surveys
strengths and threats strategies
36. Media is relatively free - as long as it supports national goals and heads toward development Example: India
uncontrolled media
places where one could obtain secondary research
developmental media
ways a company can use budgeting for PR
37. Conducted over a long period of time
weakness and threats strategies
qualitative research methods
advantages of getting a story in print
tread-panel surveys
38. Know the cost of what you propose - base budget on goals and objectives - use a spreadsheet to manage costs
78%
common mistakes in handling crises
budgeting tips
potential audience
39. A concise desciption of the situation
ways a company can use budgeting for PR
controlled media
places where one could obtain secondary research
problem statement
40. They read because they see it as a source of enjoyment and a habit
results of long-range planning
additional questions that must be answered through research
attentive audience
pleasure newspaper reader
41. MBO emphasizes goals and objectives
newsworthy event criteria
strengths and threats strategies
Management by objectives
latent public
42. They read to get information they think will be useful in daily living
guidelines for handling a PR crises
primary research
instrumental newspaper reader
summative evaluation
43. Strengths (internal) Weaknesses (Internal) Opportunities (external) and Threats (external)
methods to measure TV/radio audiences
weakness and threats strategies
tactics
components of the SWOT analysis
44. Media that tried to push against restrictions made by the State. Examples: undercover websites in China that get shut down
revolutionary media
stakeholder analysis?
problem definition
interactive communication (all about building and maintaining relationships with the public)
45. Build on organizational strengths to take advantage of opportunities in the external environment
controlled media
strengths and opportunities strategies
14%
ways a company can use budgeting for PR
46. Calculates how much money an org would have to pay to secure the same amount of space/time in the media as paid advertising
ego-booster newspaper reader
components of the SWOT analysis
80%
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
47. They read to enhance their self-image and status with others
summative evaluation
78%
ego-booster newspaper reader
cross sectional surveys
48. AP (Associated Press) and The United Press International
big wires in the U.S
tread-panel surveys
revolutionary media
information center
49. Shoot squarely (be honest) - Give Service (give them what they want) - Do not beg for a story - Do not ask for 'kills' (suppressing a story) - Do not Flood the media (stick to what is news only)
guidelines for Good Media Relations
potential audience
situation analysis
results of long-range planning
50. The process of receiving - constructing meaning from - and responding to messages - Effective PR starts with this
multiplier effect
listening
What to do
interactive communication (all about building and maintaining relationships with the public)
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