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Test your basic knowledge |
Public Relations: PR Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The key for public relations is that the new technology promotes what?
advertising
formal research
What to do
interactive communication (all about building and maintaining relationships with the public)
2. Attempt to minimize both organizational weaknesses and external threats
ways to analyze media coverage
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
weakness and threats strategies
3. They make decisions to either minimize negative forces or maximize positive forces - that is always their focus
formal research
putting news on a wire or syndicate
force field analysis
secondary research
4. The State controls the media and requires it to promote only what they think Example: Media in China and Cuba
controlled media
communist media
steps to creating an evaluation program at your organization
results of long-range planning
5. What percent of media relations is Preparation?
80%
the PR process
common mistakes in handling crises
developmental media
6. Audience reach - Placement - Prominence - Share of Voice - Message Analysis - Visuals
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
ways to analyze media coverage
radio
situation analysis
7. What aspect of PR undergirds every step of the process?
research
methods to measure TV/radio audiences
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
reification
8. Predicting or establishing a desired future goal state - determining what forces will help or hinder movement toward te goal - and formulating a plan for achieving the desired state
controlled media
radio
strategic thinking
types of surveys
9. Diary - meter - people-meter - and telephone interview
outcomes of a program
results of long-range planning
methods to measure TV/radio audiences
western media
10. A collection of all that is known about the situation
situation analysis
results of long-range planning
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
secondary research
11. Defining the Problem (Or Opportunity) - Planning and Programming - Taking Action and Communication - and Evaluating the program
components of the circular PR Management Process
developmental media
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
80%
12. People who are unaware of their connections with others due to an issue
big wires in the U.S
latent public
PR effectivness
qualitative research methods
13. Secondary analysis - content analysis (whats in the media) and surveys
14. How much do people use information in the problem situation? What kinds of information do people seek? How do people use information? What predicts information use?
problem statement
publice service announcement
additional questions that must be answered through research
opinion maker newspaper reader
15. Identify thinsg that can go wrong and become highly visible - assign priorities - draft questions answers and solutions - focus on what do to and what to say - and develop a strategy to contain and counteract (not react and respond)
uncontrolled media
active public
interactive communication (all about building and maintaining relationships with the public)
guidelines for handling a PR crises
16. Starts with someone making a value judgement that something is wrong - could be wrong - or could be better
latent public
additional questions that must be answered through research
instrumental newspaper reader
problem definition
17. Define your objectives/mission - Define audience/what motivated them - Define metrics/critera to use - Compare yourself with the competition - Pick your measurement tool - Analyze results and make this a regular occurence
active public
qualitative research methods
components of the circular PR Management Process
steps to creating an evaluation program at your organization
18. Media over which you have no direct role in decisions about media content
uncontrolled media
authoritarian International media
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
big wires in the U.S
19. On-going evaluation in-progress during the program-- 'How are we doing?'
weakness and threats strategies
types of surveys
budgeting tips
formative evaluation
20. Information shared with journalists who are not to share it on a wide scale until given permission
guidelines for writing a program objective
quantitative research methods
embargoed news
components of a budget
21. The media are subordinate to the state - which controls the press and restricts coverage. Example: Iraq under Hussein
aware public
communist media
authoritarian International media
newsworthy event criteria
22. Knowledge outcome - Predisposition (Opinion/attitude) outcome - and behavioral outcome
radio
big wires in the U.S
secondary research
outcomes of a program
23. Geographics - Demographics - Lifestyle/Pyshcological - Covert Power - Position - Reputation - Membership - Role in decsions - Communication behavior
things that define stakeholders
opinion maker newspaper reader
The PR practitioners
guidelines on giving the media the news they want
24. RACE AND ROPE Research - Action - Communication - Evaluation AND Research - Objectives - Programming - Evaluation
radio
developmental media
things that define stakeholders
the PR process
25. Treating an abstraction as if it exists as a concrete material entity
potential audience
steps to creating an evaluation program at your organization
reification
opinion maker newspaper reader
26. Total income or funds available - competitive necessity - Task or goal driven (least preferable) - Profit
ways a company can use budgeting for PR
force field analysis
external factors of a situation analysis?
methods to measure TV/radio audiences
27. Yellow = current crises - Green = emerging crises - Brown = old crises
guidelines for handling a PR crises
SMART decisions
colors associated with different crises
to build a relationship with the media
28. Making decisions about program goals and objectives - identifying key publics - setting policies or rules to guide selection of strategies - and determining those strategies
things that define stakeholders
What to do
strategic planning
types of surveys
29. With uncontrolled media these people control if it is reported/what - when how - etc?
10%
media Gatekeepers
instrumental newspaper reader
tactics
30. What's going on here and why? Methods include in depth interviewing - focus groups - ethnogrpahy
guidelines on giving the media the news they want
additional questions that must be answered through research
ways a company can use budgeting for PR
qualitative research methods
31. A concise desciption of the situation
putting news on a wire or syndicate
active public
problem statement
strategic thinking
32. Failure of employers to include the PR practitioner in decisions - perception of PR as 'communication support' - absence of 'agreed-upon' objectives - inadequate time - frustrations and delays
instrumental newspaper reader
main obstacles in planning
14%
communication audit?
33. Know the cost of what you propose - base budget on goals and objectives - use a spreadsheet to manage costs
budgeting tips
guidelines on giving the media the news they want
qualitative research methods
situation analysis
34. What percentage of crises are 'smoldering?' (building over time)
78%
information center
weakness and threats strategies
quantitative research methods
35. When a company uses AVE's to save money and look more credible
additional questions that must be answered through research
common mistakes in handling crises
Examples of traditional media
multiplier effect
36. Timeliness - Impact - Proximity - Unusualness - Conflict/Controversy (TIPUC)
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
newsworthy event criteria
guidelines for Good Media Relations
The PR practitioners
37. In-person surveys - telephone surveys - self-administered surveys - mailed surveys
developmental media
television
types of surveys
communication audit?
38. Use present tense - describe situation in measurable terms - do not imply solution or blame for problem - Step 1: Define the Problem. What question do we ask? What is happening now?
guidelines to writing useful problem statements
pleasure newspaper reader
stages of crisis management
television
39. Whose job is it to educate and train executives to deal with the press?
components of a budget
The PR practitioners
What to do
components of the SWOT analysis
40. Specific activties that relate to strategies - have direct action - result from strategies
budgeting tips
tactics
formal research
components of the SWOT analysis
41. Information must be newsworthy - It must be up to the standards of that media - Must be a timely report of the issue - Must be the right definition of news (you would need to research that company/organization)
advantages of getting a story in print
results of long-range planning
guidelines on giving the media the news they want
78%
42. Calculates how much money an org would have to pay to secure the same amount of space/time in the media as paid advertising
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
components of a budget
problem definition
multiplier effect
43. Whether or not your reached your goals
PR effectivness
to build a relationship with the media
secondary research
components of a budget
44. Attempt to minimize organizational weaknesses by taking advantages of external opportunities
components of the SWOT analysis
western media
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
summative evaluation
45. They save time/money - they don't have a bias - it is convenient BUT they have no control over who responds - low responses - may not be an accurate sample population
aware public
mailed surveys
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
46. Hesitation - Obfuscation - Retaliation - Being Ambiguous - To be Pompous - Confrontation - and Litigations
things that define stakeholders
common mistakes in handling crises
colors associated with different crises
outcomes of a program
47. An information line during a crisis - has 2 parts: one that deals directly with the public - one that obtains the information - and needs to be credible before crisis
situation analysis
weakness and threats strategies
results of long-range planning
information center
48. PR now tells an org how to say - what to say and...
What to do
to build a relationship with the media
results of long-range planning
methods to measure TV/radio audiences
49. Policies - procedures - and actions related to the problem
internal factors of a situation analysis
ego-booster newspaper reader
qualitative research methods
summative evaluation
50. They read to get information they think will be useful in daily living
situation Analysis( Internal and External)
components of a budget
instrumental newspaper reader
multiplier effect