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Test your basic knowledge |
Public Relations: PR Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Know the cost of what you propose - base budget on goals and objectives - use a spreadsheet to manage costs
situation Analysis( Internal and External)
colors associated with different crises
budgeting tips
strategic planning
2. The State controls the media and requires it to promote only what they think Example: Media in China and Cuba
80%
steps to creating an evaluation program at your organization
communist media
multiplier effect
3. Get to know the reporters and editors - understand the constraints under which they operate - and build trust with them--every interaction counts
to build a relationship with the media
formative evaluation
revolutionary media
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
4. What percentage of a PR campaign SHOULD be used for research??
ego-booster newspaper reader
formal research
10%
SMART decisions
5. _____ has the advantage of interactive conversation with its publics - and it has a personal appeal becuase it is the spoken word
radio
problem definition
quantitative research methods
strengths and opportunities strategies
6. A concise desciption of the situation
controlled media
instrumental newspaper reader
problem statement
strategic planning
7. They make decisions to either minimize negative forces or maximize positive forces - that is always their focus
world's largest international news agency
Management by objectives
force field analysis
guidelines for working with medi
8. People who are unaware of their connections with others due to an issue
common mistakes in handling crises
embargoed news
latent public
14%
9. An information line during a crisis - has 2 parts: one that deals directly with the public - one that obtains the information - and needs to be credible before crisis
information center
advantages of getting a story in print
authoritarian International media
world's largest international news agency
10. Conducted to measure one single point in time
communication audit?
cross sectional surveys
advertising
ways a company can use budgeting for PR
11. Identify thinsg that can go wrong and become highly visible - assign priorities - draft questions answers and solutions - focus on what do to and what to say - and develop a strategy to contain and counteract (not react and respond)
authoritarian International media
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
things that define stakeholders
guidelines for handling a PR crises
12. You have a say in what is said - how it is said - when it is said and to some extent to whom it is said
strategic planning
external factors of a situation analysis?
force field analysis
controlled media
13. Evaluation done after the program has finished-- 'how did we do?'
active public
cross sectional surveys
summative evaluation
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
14. Start with 'To' then use an accomplishment verb - Specify a key outcome to be achieved - State the outcome in quantitative terms - Set a target date for acheiving - Put it in writing and refer to it often
10%
guidelines for writing a program objective
revolutionary media
types of crises
15. The process of receiving - constructing meaning from - and responding to messages - Effective PR starts with this
listening
problem definition
revolutionary media
western media
16. Personal contacts - Key informants - community forums - advisory boards - monitor social media
PR effectivness
force field analysis
Management by Objectives and Results
kinds of Informal/Explorative research?
17. With uncontrolled media these people control if it is reported/what - when how - etc?
strengths and threats strategies
situation analysis
force field analysis
media Gatekeepers
18. How much money/time did it take to reach those goals
PR efficiency
guidelines for handling a PR crises
places where one could obtain secondary research
components of the SWOT analysis
19. Total income or funds available - competitive necessity - Task or goal driven (least preferable) - Profit
SMART decisions
ways a company can use budgeting for PR
summative evaluation
guidelines for handling a PR crises
20. Calculates how much money an org would have to pay to secure the same amount of space/time in the media as paid advertising
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
What to do
communist media
78%
21. MBO emphasizes goals and objectives
the PR process
Management by objectives
quantitative research methods
The PR practitioners
22. They read for varied reasons that don't belong in any other category
quantitative research methods
types of crises
scanner newspaper reader
world's largest international news agency
23. When a company uses AVE's to save money and look more credible
qualitative research methods
possible responses to crises
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
multiplier effect
24. MOR
mailed surveys
strengths and opportunities strategies
Management by Objectives and Results
guidelines for working with medi
25. Information shared with journalists who are not to share it on a wide scale until given permission
places where one could obtain secondary research
embargoed news
Management by Objectives and Results
Management by objectives
26. Their level of involvement is very low - they dont have any impact in the org. and vice versa
communist media
multiplier effect
nonpublic
strengths and threats strategies
27. Detection - Prevention/Preparation - Containment - Recovery - Learning
stages of crisis management
guidelines for working with medi
PR efficiency
putting news on a wire or syndicate
28. News media are free to report on whatever they wish - as long as they balance it with social responsibility Example: America
western media
guidelines for Good Media Relations
revolutionary media
authoritarian International media
29. Practitioners speak in terms of publicity - but media wants...?
news
potential audience
tips to writing a Program Outcome
active public
30. Number of people who attend to messages and attend events--measured by Readership - listenership - and viewership
types of crises
communication audit?
78%
attentive audience
31. Failure of employers to include the PR practitioner in decisions - perception of PR as 'communication support' - absence of 'agreed-upon' objectives - inadequate time - frustrations and delays
The PR practitioners
main obstacles in planning
internal factors of a situation analysis
authoritarian International media
32. A collection of all that is known about the situation
to build a relationship with the media
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
PR effectivness
situation analysis
33. They read to get information they think will be useful in daily living
communist media
strengths and opportunities strategies
putting news on a wire or syndicate
instrumental newspaper reader
34. Knowledge outcome - Predisposition (Opinion/attitude) outcome - and behavioral outcome
force field analysis
scanner newspaper reader
outcomes of a program
places where one could obtain secondary research
35. Specific activties that relate to strategies - have direct action - result from strategies
to build a relationship with the media
guidelines for Good Media Relations
advantages of getting a story in print
tactics
36. What percent of media relations is Preparation?
80%
attentive audience
ego-booster newspaper reader
common mistakes in handling crises
37. When people communicate and organize to do something about the situation they are involved in
secondary research
active public
summative evaluation
Examples of traditional media
38. Policies - procedures - and actions related to the problem
embargoed news
internal factors of a situation analysis
tactics
guidelines for Good Media Relations
39. Attempt to minimize organizational weaknesses by taking advantages of external opportunities
guidelines for handling a PR crises
types of surveys
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
strengths and threats strategies
40. Treating an abstraction as if it exists as a concrete material entity
reification
main obstacles in planning
quantitative research methods
research
41. Documentation of an organizations efforts for the purpose of understanding how it communicates with its publics
potential audience
formative evaluation
active public
communication audit?
42. Audience reach - Placement - Prominence - Share of Voice - Message Analysis - Visuals
main obstacles in planning
ways to analyze media coverage
tips to writing a Program Outcome
mailed surveys
43. Reuters (based in London)
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183
44. What aspect of PR undergirds every step of the process?
types of surveys
the PR process
newsworthy event criteria
research
45. ualitative and Quantitative research
information center
formal research
television
PR effectivness
46. How much do people use information in the problem situation? What kinds of information do people seek? How do people use information? What predicts information use?
opinion maker newspaper reader
methods to measure TV/radio audiences
possible responses to crises
additional questions that must be answered through research
47. On-going evaluation in-progress during the program-- 'How are we doing?'
colors associated with different crises
formative evaluation
advertising
situation analysis
48. Libraries - databases - Internet - Publications - websites - etcs.
advantages of getting a story in print
places where one could obtain secondary research
media Gatekeepers
78%
49. Specific - measurable - achievable - realistic - and time-bound decisions
SMART decisions
examples of crises
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
What to do
50. Immediate - like natural disasters or death - Emerging - like sexual harrassment or crime - and Sustained - rumors or down-sizing - scandals
types of crises
strategic planning
results of long-range planning
places where one could obtain secondary research