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Test your basic knowledge |
Public Relations: PR Basics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. MOR
formative evaluation
Management by Objectives and Results
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
pleasure newspaper reader
2. _____ has the advantage of interactive conversation with its publics - and it has a personal appeal becuase it is the spoken word
to build a relationship with the media
guidelines for Good Media Relations
newsworthy event criteria
radio
3. Audience reach - Placement - Prominence - Share of Voice - Message Analysis - Visuals
ways to analyze media coverage
developmental media
nonpublic
examples of crises
4. What percentage of crises are 'smoldering?' (building over time)
PR effectivness
ego-booster newspaper reader
78%
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
5. With uncontrolled media these people control if it is reported/what - when how - etc?
information center
media Gatekeepers
tread-panel surveys
ways a company can use budgeting for PR
6. The process of receiving - constructing meaning from - and responding to messages - Effective PR starts with this
tactics
listening
SMART decisions
10%
7. AP (Associated Press) and The United Press International
types of surveys
examples of crises
big wires in the U.S
colors associated with different crises
8. Strengths (internal) Weaknesses (Internal) Opportunities (external) and Threats (external)
components of the SWOT analysis
tips to writing a Program Outcome
big wires in the U.S
internal factors of a situation analysis
9. Making decisions about program goals and objectives - identifying key publics - setting policies or rules to guide selection of strategies - and determining those strategies
ways to analyze media coverage
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
latent public
strategic planning
10. Knowledge outcome - Predisposition (Opinion/attitude) outcome - and behavioral outcome
budgeting tips
examples of crises
outcomes of a program
interactive communication (all about building and maintaining relationships with the public)
11. Calculates how much money an org would have to pay to secure the same amount of space/time in the media as paid advertising
putting news on a wire or syndicate
possible responses to crises
methods to measure TV/radio audiences
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
12. Evening TV news - major network news - local newspaper
revolutionary media
cross sectional surveys
instrumental newspaper reader
Examples of traditional media
13. Timeliness - Impact - Proximity - Unusualness - Conflict/Controversy (TIPUC)
common mistakes in handling crises
14%
opinion maker newspaper reader
newsworthy event criteria
14. Media that tried to push against restrictions made by the State. Examples: undercover websites in China that get shut down
problem definition
components of the circular PR Management Process
revolutionary media
components of a budget
15. Conducted over a long period of time
tips to writing a Program Outcome
tread-panel surveys
the PR process
guidelines for Good Media Relations
16. Identify thinsg that can go wrong and become highly visible - assign priorities - draft questions answers and solutions - focus on what do to and what to say - and develop a strategy to contain and counteract (not react and respond)
guidelines for handling a PR crises
What to do
summative evaluation
active public
17. Defining the Problem (Or Opportunity) - Planning and Programming - Taking Action and Communication - and Evaluating the program
components of the circular PR Management Process
strengths and opportunities strategies
cross sectional surveys
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
18. A concise desciption of the situation
active public
problem statement
14%
radio
19. Start with 'To' then use an accomplishment verb - Specify a key outcome to be achieved - State the outcome in quantitative terms - Set a target date for acheiving - Put it in writing and refer to it often
formative evaluation
secondary research
guidelines for writing a program objective
pleasure newspaper reader
20. MBO emphasizes goals and objectives
guidelines for working with medi
Management by objectives
guidelines on giving the media the news they want
external factors of a situation analysis?
21. A collection of all that is known about the situation
ways a company can use budgeting for PR
situation analysis
strategic thinking
nonpublic
22. Problem statement - purpose statement - audience analysis - recommendation plans - time frame - projected costs - and evaluation design
components of a budget
guidelines for writing a program objective
Management by Objectives and Results
media Gatekeepers
23. Immediate - like natural disasters or death - Emerging - like sexual harrassment or crime - and Sustained - rumors or down-sizing - scandals
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
types of crises
components of the SWOT analysis
newsworthy event criteria
24. Practitioners speak in terms of publicity - but media wants...?
mailed surveys
news
nonpublic
types of crises
25. Reach older demographics - opinion leaders tend to read the newspaper - impressive breadth in audience - has a large impact on public issues
nonpublic
world's largest international news agency
advantages of getting a story in print
media Gatekeepers
26. What questions do we ask? What is involved/affected? What positive and negative forces are operating?
situation analysis
ways to analyze media coverage
situation Analysis( Internal and External)
attentive audience
27. Specific - measurable - achievable - realistic - and time-bound decisions
secondary research
SMART decisions
strengths and threats strategies
pleasure newspaper reader
28. They make decisions to either minimize negative forces or maximize positive forces - that is always their focus
AVE (Advertising value equivalency)
force field analysis
types of crises
active public
29. The key for public relations is that the new technology promotes what?
interactive communication (all about building and maintaining relationships with the public)
14%
examples of crises
summative evaluation
30. Define your objectives/mission - Define audience/what motivated them - Define metrics/critera to use - Compare yourself with the competition - Pick your measurement tool - Analyze results and make this a regular occurence
common mistakes in handling crises
steps to creating an evaluation program at your organization
radio
reification
31. People who are unaware of their connections with others due to an issue
listening
tips to writing a Program Outcome
results of long-range planning
latent public
32. Best for counting - predicting and analyzing. Methods include content analysis and survey research
examples of crises
PR efficiency
steps to creating an evaluation program at your organization
quantitative research methods
33. Secondary analysis - content analysis (whats in the media) and surveys
34. History of the situation - study of who is involved/affected/gathering information about stakeholders
kinds of Informal/Explorative research?
scanner newspaper reader
types of crises
external factors of a situation analysis?
35. Original research
primary research
Management by Objectives and Results
examples of crises
western media
36. Use present tense - describe situation in measurable terms - do not imply solution or blame for problem - Step 1: Define the Problem. What question do we ask? What is happening now?
putting news on a wire or syndicate
methods to measure TV/radio audiences
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
guidelines to writing useful problem statements
37. On-going evaluation in-progress during the program-- 'How are we doing?'
guidelines for handling a PR crises
uncontrolled media
formative evaluation
components of a budget
38. Policies - procedures - and actions related to the problem
internal factors of a situation analysis
western media
nonpublic
additional questions that must be answered through research
39. Conducted to measure one single point in time
weaknesses and opportinities strategies
cross sectional surveys
common mistakes in handling crises
nonpublic
40. How much do people use information in the problem situation? What kinds of information do people seek? How do people use information? What predicts information use?
Management by objectives
additional questions that must be answered through research
types of crises
information center
41. Shoot squarely (be honest) - Give Service (give them what they want) - Do not beg for a story - Do not ask for 'kills' (suppressing a story) - Do not Flood the media (stick to what is news only)
guidelines for Good Media Relations
to build a relationship with the media
possible responses to crises
controlled media
42. You have a say in what is said - how it is said - when it is said and to some extent to whom it is said
instrumental newspaper reader
things that define stakeholders
controlled media
opinion maker newspaper reader
43. Denial - Excuse - Justfication - Corrective Action - Apology (but with no change of action)
formal research
formative evaluation
possible responses to crises
qualitative research methods
44. Product recall - fatal accidents - natural disasters - sexual harrassment
instrumental newspaper reader
components of the circular PR Management Process
aware public
examples of crises
45. What's going on here and why? Methods include in depth interviewing - focus groups - ethnogrpahy
common mistakes in handling crises
qualitative research methods
problem definition
quantitative research methods
46. What percentage of a PR campaign SHOULD be used for research??
colors associated with different crises
pleasure newspaper reader
types of surveys
10%
47. Whether or not your reached your goals
multiplier effect
PR effectivness
guidelines on giving the media the news they want
places where one could obtain secondary research
48. Integrated program with definite plans towards goals - increased management participation - emphasis thats positive - not defensive - and careful deliberation when making choices
common mistakes in handling crises
active public
results of long-range planning
summative evaluation
49. Detection - Prevention/Preparation - Containment - Recovery - Learning
components of the circular PR Management Process
stages of crisis management
forms of analysis used when informal methods of research aren't enough
pleasure newspaper reader
50. When people communicate and organize to do something about the situation they are involved in
active public
results of long-range planning
opinion maker newspaper reader
qualitative research methods