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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Fixer Solution
Mandibular Canal
Stochastic effects
2. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Periodontal Ligament Space
Direct Injury
Alveolar Crest
Scatter Radiation
3. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
General Radiation
Voltage
Step-Up Transformer
Characteristic Radiation
4. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Dose Rate
Tubercle
Added filtration
Mental Foramen
5. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.
Median palatine suture
Roentgen
Developer Solution
Indirect injury
6. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Ridge
Coronoid Process
Tubercle
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
7. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Direct Injury
Nutrient Canals
Coherent Scatter
Inferior Nasal Conchae
8. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Direct Injury
Anterior Nasal Spine
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Median palatine suture
9. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Rectangular and round PID
Voltage
Maxillary sinus
Primary Radiation
10. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Alveolar Crest
Fossa
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Mandibular Canal
11. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Short-term effects
Direct Injury
Septa within maxillary sinus
Tuberosity
12. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Long-term effects
Cancellous
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Zygoma
13. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Genial Tubercles
Cell sensitivity
Maxillary sinus
Voltage
14. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Foramen
External Oblique Ridge
Mental Foramen
Inverted Y
15. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Amperage
Lingual Foramen
External Oblique Ridge
Coronoid Process
16. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Radiosensitive cells
Lamina Dura
Coronoid Process
Submandibular Fossa
17. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Alveolar Crest
Process
Maxillary sinus
Median palatine suture
18. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Step-Down Transformer
Ramus
External Oblique Ridge
Lingual Foramen
19. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque
Maxillary Tuberosity
Nutrient Canals
Septa within maxillary sinus
Stochastic effects
20. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.
Voltage
Alveolar Process
Scatter Radiation
Coherent Scatter
21. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
The conditions required for the darkroom
Conical PID
Cortical Bone
Tuberosity
22. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Total dose
Mylohyoid Ridge
Contrast
23. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects
Hamulus
Sinus
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Amount of tissue irradiated
24. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Cortical Bone
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Submandibular Fossa
25. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Rectangular and round PID
Total dose
Milliamperage adjustment
Sinus
26. 68 Degrees F
Coronoid Process
Characteristic Radiation
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
General Radiation
27. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Lingual Foramen
Mylohyoid Ridge
Latent Period
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
28. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Roentgen
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Suture
29. Encases/supports teeth
Collimation
Contrast
Compton Scatter
Alveolar Process
30. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
Genetic cells
Spine
Step-Down Transformer
Nutrient Canals
31. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Coherent Scatter
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Foramen
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
32. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.
Suture
Septum
Latent Period
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
33. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Developer Solution
Ramus
Periodontal Ligament Space
Genetic cells
34. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Cancellous
Coronoid Process
Collimation
Floor of Nasal Cavity
35. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Short-term effects
Process
Developer Solution
Conical PID
36. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
External Oblique Ridge
Spine
Conical PID
37. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Long-term effects
Density
Compton Scatter
38. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Hamulus
Maxillary sinus
Primary Radiation
Amount of tissue irradiated
39. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Conical PID
Periodontal Ligament Space
Anterior Nasal Spine
Nutrient Canals
40. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Cell sensitivity
Long-term effects
Coronoid Process
Mandibular Canal
41. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line
Suture
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Contrast
42. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Fossa
Free Radical Formation
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Septum
43. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Density
Tubercle
Nutrient Canals
44. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.
Inverted Y
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Latent Period
Canal
45. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
Nutrient Canals
Process
Lingual Foramen
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
46. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Somatic cells
Lateral Fossa
Ridge
Process
47. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Cell sensitivity
Cortical Bone
Lamina Dura
Long-term effects
48. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Mylohyoid Ridge
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Latent Period
Voltage
49. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Maxillary sinus
Coronoid Process
Sinus
Ridge
50. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Periodontal Ligament Space
Characteristic Radiation
Sinus
Cortical Bone
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