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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
Cancellous
Total dose
Amount of tissue irradiated
Latent Period
2. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Lamina Dura
Fixer Solution
Body of Mandible
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
3. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
External Oblique Ridge
Milliamperage adjustment
Zygoma
General Radiation
4. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Indirect injury
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Step-Up Transformer
Cell sensitivity
5. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Latent Period
Lamina Dura
Stochastic effects
Hamulus
6. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Radioresistant cells
Nutrient Canals
Fixer Solution
Mental Foramen
7. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.
Milliamperage adjustment
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Radiosensitive cells
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
8. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Compton Scatter
Rectangular and round PID
Hamulus
Process
9. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Stochastic effects
Alveolar Crest
Body of Mandible
10. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Developer Solution
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Cell sensitivity
Maxillary sinus
11. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Characteristic Radiation
Lamina Dura
Added filtration
Amount of tissue irradiated
12. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge
Submandibular Fossa
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Step-Up Transformer
Total (inherent + added) filtration
13. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Inherent filtration
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Dose Rate
Cancellous
14. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Primary Radiation
Short-term effects
Compton Scatter
15. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Fixer Solution
Internal Oblique Ridge
Stochastic effects
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
16. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
Lamina Dura
Voltage
Zygoma
Fossa
17. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Long-term effects
Added filtration
General Radiation
Sinus
18. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Ramus
Conical PID
Tubercle
Fossa
19. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line
Spine
Median palatine suture
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Scatter Radiation
20. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Conical PID
Step-Down Transformer
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Dose Rate
21. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Amperage
Long-term effects
22. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Indirect injury
Lateral Fossa
Foramen
23. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Latent Period
Added filtration
Inherent filtration
Tuberosity
24. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Suture
Cell sensitivity
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
External Oblique Ridge
25. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.
Inverted Y
Dose Rate
Added filtration
Coherent Scatter
26. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Amount of tissue irradiated
Spine
Lateral Fossa
Tuberosity
27. Do not occur in dentistry
Fossa
Short-term effects
Ridge
Suture
28. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
General Radiation
Tuberosity
Stochastic effects
Long-term effects
29. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Fixer Solution
Total dose
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Ramus
30. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Alveolar Process
Contrast
Mental Foramen
Milliamperage adjustment
31. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Ridge
Voltage
Cancellous
Internal Oblique Ridge
32. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Compton Scatter
Alveolar Crest
Cancellous
Voltage
33. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Canal
Median palatine suture
Coronoid Process
Mylohyoid Ridge
34. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Somatic cells
Sinus
Direct Injury
Fossa
35. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Added filtration
Genetic cells
Alveolar Crest
Amperage
36. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Zygoma
Fossa
The conditions required for the darkroom
Inferior Nasal Conchae
37. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Long-term effects
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Cancellous
Genial Tubercles
38. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
Indirect injury
Step-Down Transformer
General Radiation
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
39. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Mandibular Canal
Amount of tissue irradiated
Secondary Radiation
40. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Free Radical Formation
Ridge
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Mylohyoid Ridge
41. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Tubercle
Fossa
Fixer Solution
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
42. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Radiosensitive cells
Compton Scatter
Mandibular Canal
Milliamperage adjustment
43. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Conical PID
Tubercle
Secondary Radiation
Compton Scatter
44. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque
Alveolar Crest
Zygoma
Maxillary Tuberosity
Lamina Dura
45. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Cortical Bone
Latent Period
Direct Injury
46. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Collimation
Septa within maxillary sinus
Tubercle
Direct Injury
47. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Foramen
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Mylohyoid Ridge
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
48. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Lateral Fossa
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Ridge
Cortical Bone
49. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Internal Oblique Ridge
Inverted Y
External Oblique Ridge
50. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
Nutrient Canals
Hamulus
Collimation
Ridge