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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Alveolar Process
Latent Period
Dose Rate
Inherent filtration
2. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Canal
Lamina Dura
Process
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
3. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Amperage
Internal Oblique Ridge
The conditions required for the darkroom
4. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Tuberosity
Free Radical Formation
5. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent
Somatic cells
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Foramen
Anterior Nasal Spine
6. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Alveolar Process
Mylohyoid Ridge
Zygoma
Septa within maxillary sinus
7. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Latent Period
Compton Scatter
Ramus
Zygoma
8. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Short-term effects
Mandibular Canal
Dose Rate
Compton Scatter
9. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Nutrient Canals
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Scatter Radiation
Inferior Nasal Conchae
10. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Process
Septum
Dose Rate
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
11. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Lingual Foramen
Ramus
Rectangular and round PID
Septa within maxillary sinus
12. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Free Radical Formation
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Ridge
Body of Mandible
13. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Genetic cells
Milliamperage adjustment
Septa within maxillary sinus
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
14. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Anterior Nasal Spine
Cell sensitivity
Tubercle
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
15. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Maxillary Tuberosity
Short-term effects
Scatter Radiation
Cortical Bone
16. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Hamulus
Conical PID
Tuberosity
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
17. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Amperage
Tuberosity
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Fossa
18. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Lateral Fossa
Milliamperage adjustment
Cancellous
Floor of Nasal Cavity
19. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
Inherent filtration
Milliamperage adjustment
Nutrient Canals
General Radiation
20. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
Septum
Contrast
Voltage
Fixer Solution
21. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Spine
Sinus
22. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Zygoma
Lateral Fossa
Milliamperage adjustment
Fixer Solution
23. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Foramen
Developer Solution
Alveolar Process
Total (inherent + added) filtration
24. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Body of Mandible
Compton Scatter
25. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Periodontal Ligament Space
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Latent Period
26. Coulombs per kilogram
Fossa
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Roentgen
Nutrient Canals
27. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Periodontal Ligament Space
Tubercle
Mandibular Canal
Characteristic Radiation
28. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
Radioresistant cells
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Characteristic Radiation
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
29. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Tuberosity
Step-Up Transformer
Added filtration
Alveolar Process
30. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Developer Solution
Anterior Nasal Spine
Genial Tubercles
Submandibular Fossa
31. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Lingual Foramen
External Oblique Ridge
Scatter Radiation
Secondary Radiation
32. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Nutrient Canals
Long-term effects
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
External Oblique Ridge
33. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Fixer Solution
Anterior Nasal Spine
Radiosensitive cells
Long-term effects
34. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Milliamperage adjustment
Somatic cells
Genial Tubercles
Conical PID
35. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Latent Period
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Periodontal Ligament Space
Collimation
36. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per
Foramen
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Contrast
Long-term effects
37. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Inverted Y
Septum
Radiosensitive cells
External Oblique Ridge
38. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Radiosensitive cells
Stochastic effects
Mental Foramen
Developer Solution
39. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Inherent filtration
Lingual Foramen
Contrast
Hamulus
40. 68 Degrees F
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Added filtration
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Spine
41. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent
Radiosensitive cells
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Lingual Foramen
Maxillary sinus
42. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
Fixer Solution
The conditions required for the darkroom
Cortical Bone
Direct Injury
43. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Coronoid Process
Lamina Dura
Characteristic Radiation
Scatter Radiation
44. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Submandibular Fossa
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Lateral Fossa
Lamina Dura
45. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Lateral Fossa
Inherent filtration
Genetic cells
Step-Up Transformer
46. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Characteristic Radiation
Alveolar Process
Step-Down Transformer
47. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Maxillary sinus
Short-term effects
Fossa
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
48. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Rectangular and round PID
Septum
Inverted Y
49. Gray
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Latent Period
Added filtration
Voltage
50. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Secondary Radiation
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Process
Short-term effects