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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Anterior Nasal Spine
Total dose
Lateral Fossa
Rectangular and round PID
2. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Density
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Collimation
Hamulus
3. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque
Genetic cells
Maxillary Tuberosity
Added filtration
Zygoma
4. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Nutrient Canals
Internal Oblique Ridge
Mental Foramen
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
5. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Suture
Median palatine suture
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
6. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Body of Mandible
Developer Solution
Canal
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
7. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Cortical Bone
Stochastic effects
Developer Solution
Coronoid Process
8. 68 Degrees F
Amperage
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Cell sensitivity
Long-term effects
9. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Maxillary sinus
Process
Fixer Solution
Zygoma
10. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque
Alveolar Crest
Septa within maxillary sinus
Characteristic Radiation
Coronoid Process
11. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Coherent Scatter
Total dose
Cortical Bone
Alveolar Crest
12. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.
Free Radical Formation
Indirect injury
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
13. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Nutrient Canals
Rectangular and round PID
Genial Tubercles
Coronoid Process
14. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Stochastic effects
Scatter Radiation
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Canal
15. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Mental Foramen
Cell sensitivity
Coherent Scatter
16. Coulombs per kilogram
Cell sensitivity
Roentgen
Contrast
Mental Foramen
17. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
Conical PID
Short-term effects
Lateral Fossa
Total dose
18. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Maxillary Tuberosity
Step-Down Transformer
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Radioresistant cells
19. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Foramen
Alveolar Process
Genetic cells
20. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Latent Period
Dose Rate
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Lingual Foramen
21. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Septum
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Submandibular Fossa
Dose Rate
22. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line
Suture
Roentgen
Step-Down Transformer
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
23. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Secondary Radiation
Step-Up Transformer
Radiosensitive cells
Fixer Solution
24. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Roentgen
Fixer Solution
The conditions required for the darkroom
25. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Tuberosity
Lamina Dura
Contrast
26. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Anterior Nasal Spine
Maxillary Tuberosity
Short-term effects
Mandibular Canal
27. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Septum
Median palatine suture
Cancellous
Dose Rate
28. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Cell sensitivity
Ramus
Tubercle
Lingual Foramen
29. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Contrast
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Added filtration
Internal Oblique Ridge
30. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
General Radiation
Septa within maxillary sinus
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Direct Injury
31. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
The conditions required for the darkroom
Lingual Foramen
Direct Injury
Periodontal Ligament Space
32. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity
Cortical Bone
Inverted Y
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Submandibular Fossa
33. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Milliamperage adjustment
Lingual Foramen
Mylohyoid Ridge
34. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Genial Tubercles
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Milliamperage adjustment
Step-Down Transformer
35. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Ramus
Genial Tubercles
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
36. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
Primary Radiation
Fixer Solution
Radioresistant cells
Somatic cells
37. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Maxillary Tuberosity
Milliamperage adjustment
Lamina Dura
Step-Down Transformer
38. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Developer Solution
Anterior Nasal Spine
Voltage
39. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Fossa
Collimation
Maxillary Tuberosity
Scatter Radiation
40. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Nutrient Canals
Process
Secondary Radiation
Median palatine suture
41. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Tubercle
Density
Spine
Cancellous
42. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.
Fossa
Coherent Scatter
Ramus
Inverted Y
43. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Periodontal Ligament Space
Ridge
Long-term effects
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
44. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Alveolar Process
Inverted Y
Free Radical Formation
Coherent Scatter
45. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Suture
Lamina Dura
Primary Radiation
Process
46. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Anterior Nasal Spine
The conditions required for the darkroom
Mylohyoid Ridge
47. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Direct Injury
Stochastic effects
Rectangular and round PID
External Oblique Ridge
48. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Amount of tissue irradiated
Fossa
Hamulus
Canal
49. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Mental Foramen
Spine
50. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Indirect injury
Contrast
General Radiation