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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Roentgen
Added filtration
Somatic cells
Latent Period
2. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line
Somatic cells
Suture
Total dose
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
3. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
Ridge
Nutrient Canals
The conditions required for the darkroom
Direct Injury
4. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Genetic cells
Free Radical Formation
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Tubercle
5. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Nutrient Canals
Characteristic Radiation
Alveolar Crest
6. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Septa within maxillary sinus
Body of Mandible
Density
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
7. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Coherent Scatter
Anterior Nasal Spine
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
8. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Genial Tubercles
Septum
Step-Up Transformer
Canal
9. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Coherent Scatter
Submandibular Fossa
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Internal Oblique Ridge
10. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Free Radical Formation
Long-term effects
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Added filtration
11. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Primary Radiation
Stochastic effects
Spine
Alveolar Process
12. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Radiosensitive cells
Amperage
Spine
Process
13. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Periodontal Ligament Space
Process
Somatic cells
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
14. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Foramen
Median palatine suture
Milliamperage adjustment
Ramus
15. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Rectangular and round PID
Alveolar Crest
Zygoma
Mandibular Canal
16. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Scatter Radiation
Somatic cells
Alveolar Crest
Mental Foramen
17. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Somatic cells
Hamulus
External Oblique Ridge
Internal Oblique Ridge
18. Encases/supports teeth
Alveolar Process
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Free Radical Formation
Spine
19. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Lamina Dura
Suture
Process
Cortical Bone
20. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Lateral Fossa
Canal
Anterior Nasal Spine
21. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Coronoid Process
Density
Anterior Nasal Spine
Tubercle
22. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Primary Radiation
Lamina Dura
Nutrient Canals
Genetic cells
23. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Lingual Foramen
Developer Solution
Genetic cells
Long-term effects
24. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Cortical Bone
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Canal
Scatter Radiation
25. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per
Step-Up Transformer
Periodontal Ligament Space
Nutrient Canals
Contrast
26. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Genial Tubercles
Voltage
Added filtration
Scatter Radiation
27. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Fossa
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Characteristic Radiation
Tubercle
28. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Latent Period
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Cancellous
Ramus
29. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Median palatine suture
Spine
Step-Down Transformer
Mandibular Canal
30. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
External Oblique Ridge
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Inverted Y
Spine
31. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Stochastic effects
Sinus
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
32. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Compton Scatter
Developer Solution
Secondary Radiation
Mental Foramen
33. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Scatter Radiation
Mylohyoid Ridge
Hamulus
34. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Internal Oblique Ridge
External Oblique Ridge
Density
35. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Suture
Maxillary sinus
Spine
Maxillary Tuberosity
36. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Rectangular and round PID
Developer Solution
Stochastic effects
37. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Total dose
General Radiation
Secondary Radiation
Ridge
38. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Long-term effects
Lateral Fossa
Internal Oblique Ridge
Developer Solution
39. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Tuberosity
Step-Up Transformer
Maxillary sinus
Nutrient Canals
40. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Nutrient Canals
Radioresistant cells
Cortical Bone
Periodontal Ligament Space
41. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Total dose
Indirect injury
Septa within maxillary sinus
Zygomatic process of maxilla
42. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Septum
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Primary Radiation
Characteristic Radiation
43. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Primary Radiation
The conditions required for the darkroom
Hamulus
Spine
44. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque
Nutrient Canals
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Alveolar Crest
Milliamperage adjustment
45. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Contrast
Developer Solution
Mandibular Canal
Inferior Nasal Conchae
46. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Conical PID
Lingual Foramen
Foramen
Free Radical Formation
47. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Process
Tubercle
Cell sensitivity
Secondary Radiation
48. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Process
Long-term effects
Inherent filtration
Inverted Y
49. 68 Degrees F
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Nutrient Canals
Characteristic Radiation
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
50. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Milliamperage adjustment
Periodontal Ligament Space
Nutrient Canals
Indirect injury