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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Mental Foramen
Primary Radiation
Floor of Nasal Cavity
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
2. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Maxillary sinus
Nutrient Canals
Compton Scatter
3. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Maxillary Tuberosity
Total dose
4. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Mental Foramen
Conical PID
Tubercle
Scatter Radiation
5. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Tubercle
Contrast
Step-Down Transformer
Median palatine suture
6. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Ridge
Cell sensitivity
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Inverted Y
7. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Zygoma
Inverted Y
Developer Solution
Canal
8. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Stochastic effects
Primary Radiation
Lateral Fossa
Ramus
9. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Mandibular Canal
Radiosensitive cells
Free Radical Formation
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
10. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Radiosensitive cells
Fixer Solution
Septa within maxillary sinus
Tuberosity
11. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.
Coherent Scatter
Amount of tissue irradiated
General Radiation
Voltage
12. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Added filtration
Radiosensitive cells
Cortical Bone
Lateral Fossa
13. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Process
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Somatic cells
Tuberosity
14. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Contrast
Indirect injury
Genetic cells
15. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Long-term effects
Step-Up Transformer
Compton Scatter
Direct Injury
16. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Short-term effects
Coronoid Process
Added filtration
Septa within maxillary sinus
17. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Conical PID
Fossa
Added filtration
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
18. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Cancellous
Voltage
Scatter Radiation
Periodontal Ligament Space
19. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Direct Injury
Process
Free Radical Formation
20. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Scatter Radiation
Secondary Radiation
Cancellous
21. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Inverted Y
Somatic cells
Developer Solution
Collimation
22. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Latent Period
Compton Scatter
Free Radical Formation
23. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Short-term effects
Mylohyoid Ridge
General Radiation
Floor of Nasal Cavity
24. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
Sinus
The conditions required for the darkroom
Cortical Bone
Septa within maxillary sinus
25. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Genetic cells
Septa within maxillary sinus
Voltage
26. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Primary Radiation
Alveolar Process
Maxillary Tuberosity
27. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Latent Period
Coronoid Process
Radiosensitive cells
Inherent filtration
28. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Inverted Y
Nutrient Canals
Voltage
Step-Up Transformer
29. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Ramus
General Radiation
Cortical Bone
Short-term effects
30. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Coronoid Process
Primary Radiation
Lateral Fossa
31. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Hamulus
Total dose
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
32. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Conical PID
Scatter Radiation
Maxillary sinus
Milliamperage adjustment
33. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
Amount of tissue irradiated
Developer Solution
Total dose
Radiosensitive cells
34. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Somatic cells
Secondary Radiation
Spine
Maxillary sinus
35. Gray
Maxillary sinus
Anterior Nasal Spine
Process
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
36. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Developer Solution
Lingual Foramen
Compton Scatter
37. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Stochastic effects
Indirect injury
Genetic cells
Tubercle
38. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Secondary Radiation
Lamina Dura
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Suture
39. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Cortical Bone
Direct Injury
Anterior Nasal Spine
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
40. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Mylohyoid Ridge
Alveolar Process
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Ramus
41. Do not occur in dentistry
Short-term effects
Amperage
Genial Tubercles
Cell sensitivity
42. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Dose Rate
Conical PID
Hamulus
Mental Foramen
43. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Contrast
Coronoid Process
Secondary Radiation
Internal Oblique Ridge
44. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
Scatter Radiation
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Radioresistant cells
Cancellous
45. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Sinus
Ramus
Canal
Step-Up Transformer
46. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Direct Injury
Submandibular Fossa
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Anterior Nasal Spine
47. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)
Amperage
Secondary Radiation
Lamina Dura
Inferior Nasal Conchae
48. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Density
Rectangular and round PID
Somatic cells
49. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Short-term effects
Conical PID
Coronoid Process
Zygoma
50. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Septum
Mylohyoid Ridge
Genial Tubercles
Mandibular Canal