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Radiology 3

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals






2. Mature bone - muscle - nerve






3. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent






4. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.






5. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines






6. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.






7. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired






8. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.






9. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment






10. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.






11. 68 Degrees F






12. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure






13. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)






14. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band






15. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later






16. Coulombs per kilogram






17. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology






18. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage






19. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)






20. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.






21. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.






22. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)






23. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.






24. Posterior to mandibular third molar






25. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.






26. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.






27. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.






28. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque






29. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity






30. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.






31. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum






32. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque






33. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)






34. Sievart






35. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent






36. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge






37. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent






38. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.






39. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent






40. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter






41. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.






42. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque






43. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque






44. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.






45. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments






46. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)






47. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode






48. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible






49. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer






50. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque







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