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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Roentgen
Zygoma
2. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Spine
Sinus
Step-Up Transformer
Total dose
3. Coulombs per kilogram
Roentgen
Genetic cells
Inverted Y
Coronoid Process
4. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Conical PID
Septa within maxillary sinus
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Internal Oblique Ridge
5. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Lamina Dura
Long-term effects
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Maxillary sinus
6. Encases/supports teeth
Floor of Nasal Cavity
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Alveolar Process
Cancellous
7. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Tuberosity
Cancellous
8. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Maxillary sinus
Tubercle
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Total (inherent + added) filtration
9. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Dose Rate
Coherent Scatter
Septum
10. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Conical PID
Internal Oblique Ridge
Somatic cells
11. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Genetic cells
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
12. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Septa within maxillary sinus
Process
Fixer Solution
Amperage
13. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Mylohyoid Ridge
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Total dose
Conical PID
14. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent
Cell sensitivity
Step-Up Transformer
Foramen
Inherent filtration
15. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Tuberosity
Conical PID
Rectangular and round PID
Fixer Solution
16. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line
Long-term effects
Suture
Radioresistant cells
Hamulus
17. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Radioresistant cells
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Added filtration
Genetic cells
18. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Step-Down Transformer
Compton Scatter
Lingual Foramen
19. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Free Radical Formation
Suture
Stochastic effects
Zygoma
20. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Roentgen
Step-Up Transformer
Total dose
Latent Period
21. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Density
Alveolar Process
Dose Rate
Scatter Radiation
22. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)
Median palatine suture
External Oblique Ridge
Fixer Solution
Amperage
23. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Dose Rate
Internal Oblique Ridge
Roentgen
Septum
24. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Body of Mandible
Latent Period
Tubercle
Radioresistant cells
25. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Dose Rate
Cortical Bone
Added filtration
Floor of Nasal Cavity
26. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Amperage
Tubercle
Fossa
Process
27. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Sinus
Internal Oblique Ridge
Tubercle
Anterior Nasal Spine
28. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Direct Injury
External Oblique Ridge
Conical PID
Inverted Y
29. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Coronoid Process
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Added filtration
Body of Mandible
30. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Ridge
Alveolar Crest
Zygoma
Milliamperage adjustment
31. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Milliamperage adjustment
Process
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Long-term effects
32. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects
Amperage
Amount of tissue irradiated
Voltage
Hamulus
33. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Compton Scatter
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Internal Oblique Ridge
34. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Submandibular Fossa
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Mandibular Canal
Conical PID
35. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Milliamperage adjustment
Genetic cells
Compton Scatter
Cell sensitivity
36. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Periodontal Ligament Space
Somatic cells
Tubercle
37. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
Lamina Dura
Zygoma
Septa within maxillary sinus
Total dose
38. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Zygoma
Hamulus
Inherent filtration
Scatter Radiation
39. 68 Degrees F
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Maxillary sinus
Foramen
Step-Down Transformer
40. Gray
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Hamulus
Developer Solution
General Radiation
41. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Median palatine suture
Mental Foramen
Inherent filtration
Internal Oblique Ridge
42. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Long-term effects
Septum
Radiosensitive cells
Body of Mandible
43. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
General Radiation
Septa within maxillary sinus
Rectangular and round PID
Process
44. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Latent Period
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Lateral Fossa
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
45. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Total dose
Fossa
Inferior Nasal Conchae
46. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Maxillary sinus
Maxillary Tuberosity
Step-Down Transformer
Process
47. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Stochastic effects
Collimation
The conditions required for the darkroom
Maxillary sinus
48. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
General Radiation
Periodontal Ligament Space
Milliamperage adjustment
Inferior Nasal Conchae
49. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Mental Foramen
Anterior Nasal Spine
Lingual Foramen
Body of Mandible
50. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Developer Solution
Density
Nutrient Canals