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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Characteristic Radiation
Genetic cells
Process
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
2. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque
Canal
Periodontal Ligament Space
Submandibular Fossa
Alveolar Crest
3. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.
Somatic cells
Indirect injury
Radioresistant cells
Nutrient Canals
4. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects
Collimation
Spine
Foramen
Amount of tissue irradiated
5. Coulombs per kilogram
Short-term effects
Roentgen
Suture
Coronoid Process
6. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Primary Radiation
Sinus
Indirect injury
Periodontal Ligament Space
7. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Nutrient Canals
Tuberosity
Mental Foramen
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
8. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Sinus
Direct Injury
Collimation
Coherent Scatter
9. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Genetic cells
Submandibular Fossa
Roentgen
Compton Scatter
10. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent
Free Radical Formation
Lingual Foramen
Cortical Bone
Step-Up Transformer
11. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Tuberosity
Coronoid Process
Ridge
12. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Genetic cells
Mylohyoid Ridge
Free Radical Formation
Maxillary sinus
13. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Genial Tubercles
Nutrient Canals
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Scatter Radiation
14. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent
Foramen
Roentgen
Amperage
Sinus
15. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Radiosensitive cells
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Compton Scatter
Suture
16. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Cancellous
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Mandibular Canal
Fossa
17. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
Nutrient Canals
Maxillary Tuberosity
Somatic cells
Floor of Nasal Cavity
18. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Inherent filtration
Step-Down Transformer
Lamina Dura
Foramen
19. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Periodontal Ligament Space
Collimation
Septa within maxillary sinus
Canal
20. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Somatic cells
Maxillary sinus
Alveolar Crest
Total (inherent + added) filtration
21. Encases/supports teeth
Alveolar Process
Body of Mandible
Lateral Fossa
Conical PID
22. Do not occur in dentistry
Milliamperage adjustment
General Radiation
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Short-term effects
23. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Internal Oblique Ridge
Maxillary sinus
Ramus
Nutrient Canals
24. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Cortical Bone
Stochastic effects
Nutrient Canals
Septum
25. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Density
Radioresistant cells
26. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Genial Tubercles
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Hamulus
Alveolar Crest
27. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Septa within maxillary sinus
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Genetic cells
Maxillary Tuberosity
28. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Density
Fossa
Milliamperage adjustment
29. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Rectangular and round PID
The conditions required for the darkroom
Lamina Dura
Collimation
30. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Alveolar Crest
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Mylohyoid Ridge
Septa within maxillary sinus
31. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line
Submandibular Fossa
Ramus
Suture
Anterior Nasal Spine
32. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.
Mylohyoid Ridge
Dose Rate
Indirect injury
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
33. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Nutrient Canals
Step-Down Transformer
Roentgen
Cancellous
34. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Radiosensitive cells
Secondary Radiation
Milliamperage adjustment
Conical PID
35. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Anterior Nasal Spine
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Zygoma
Long-term effects
36. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Lateral Fossa
General Radiation
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Stochastic effects
37. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Septum
Primary Radiation
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Tubercle
38. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Nutrient Canals
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Sinus
Milliamperage adjustment
39. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)
Amperage
Inherent filtration
Total dose
Floor of Nasal Cavity
40. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.
Direct Injury
Anterior Nasal Spine
Inverted Y
Septa within maxillary sinus
41. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Stochastic effects
Coherent Scatter
Contrast
Conical PID
42. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Inverted Y
Ridge
The conditions required for the darkroom
Zygoma
43. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.
Step-Up Transformer
Coherent Scatter
Milliamperage adjustment
Free Radical Formation
44. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Nutrient Canals
Fixer Solution
Septa within maxillary sinus
Direct Injury
45. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Mylohyoid Ridge
Characteristic Radiation
Septa within maxillary sinus
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
46. 68 Degrees F
Lingual Foramen
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Milliamperage adjustment
Tubercle
47. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Nutrient Canals
Mental Foramen
External Oblique Ridge
Inherent filtration
48. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Anterior Nasal Spine
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Step-Up Transformer
Amount of tissue irradiated
49. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Nutrient Canals
Step-Up Transformer
Inverted Y
50. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Zygoma
Scatter Radiation
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Superior Foramina of incisive canal