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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Latent Period
The conditions required for the darkroom
Periodontal Ligament Space
Primary Radiation
2. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Step-Up Transformer
Mental Foramen
Septum
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
3. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Indirect injury
Genial Tubercles
Cell sensitivity
4. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Body of Mandible
Ridge
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
5. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Rectangular and round PID
Lateral Fossa
Anterior Nasal Spine
Total (inherent + added) filtration
6. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Genetic cells
Latent Period
Nutrient Canals
Fixer Solution
7. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Zygoma
Radioresistant cells
Density
8. 68 Degrees F
Amount of tissue irradiated
Median palatine suture
Density
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
9. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
External Oblique Ridge
Direct Injury
Amount of tissue irradiated
Septum
10. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Total dose
Mandibular Canal
11. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Cancellous
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Step-Down Transformer
Total dose
12. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Ramus
Genetic cells
Inverted Y
Septa within maxillary sinus
13. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Radioresistant cells
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Periodontal Ligament Space
Fossa
14. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
Nutrient Canals
Spine
Voltage
Zygoma
15. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Nutrient Canals
Inherent filtration
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
16. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Milliamperage adjustment
Long-term effects
Direct Injury
Characteristic Radiation
17. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
The conditions required for the darkroom
Contrast
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Stochastic effects
18. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.
Coherent Scatter
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Tuberosity
Radioresistant cells
19. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Genetic cells
Contrast
Characteristic Radiation
Periodontal Ligament Space
20. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Roentgen
Body of Mandible
Canal
Lamina Dura
21. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
Density
Tuberosity
Nutrient Canals
Total dose
22. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Somatic cells
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Lingual Foramen
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
23. Gray
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Long-term effects
Coherent Scatter
Ridge
24. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Somatic cells
Radiosensitive cells
Sinus
25. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Added filtration
Secondary Radiation
Free Radical Formation
Characteristic Radiation
26. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Cancellous
Fixer Solution
Lateral Fossa
Lingual Foramen
27. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line
Suture
Spine
Ridge
Primary Radiation
28. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Maxillary sinus
Ramus
Alveolar Crest
Collimation
29. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Short-term effects
Conical PID
Genetic cells
Total (inherent + added) filtration
30. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.
Inverted Y
Fossa
Body of Mandible
Compton Scatter
31. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Free Radical Formation
Lamina Dura
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Cortical Bone
32. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects
Amount of tissue irradiated
Conical PID
Alveolar Crest
Roentgen
33. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Cell sensitivity
Body of Mandible
Step-Up Transformer
Total dose
34. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Alveolar Process
Maxillary Tuberosity
Voltage
35. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Alveolar Crest
Cancellous
Free Radical Formation
36. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Process
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Cortical Bone
37. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Genial Tubercles
Secondary Radiation
Lateral Fossa
Sinus
38. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Coronoid Process
Inverted Y
Alveolar Process
Amperage
39. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque
Alveolar Crest
Step-Up Transformer
Genetic cells
Collimation
40. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Step-Up Transformer
Long-term effects
Septum
Fixer Solution
41. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Fossa
Amount of tissue irradiated
Tubercle
Somatic cells
42. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Fossa
Mylohyoid Ridge
Sinus
Indirect injury
43. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Step-Up Transformer
Density
Hamulus
Cortical Bone
44. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Genetic cells
Scatter Radiation
Step-Down Transformer
Dose Rate
45. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
Free Radical Formation
Radioresistant cells
Stochastic effects
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
46. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Step-Down Transformer
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Internal Oblique Ridge
Stochastic effects
47. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Voltage
Added filtration
Step-Down Transformer
Ridge
48. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Cortical Bone
Nutrient Canals
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Fixer Solution
49. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
General Radiation
Ridge
Nutrient Canals
Mandibular Canal
50. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent
General Radiation
Lingual Foramen
Milliamperage adjustment
Radioresistant cells