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Radiology 3

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology






2. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity






3. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.






4. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.






5. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque






6. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum






7. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer






8. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)






9. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen






10. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone






11. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.






12. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent






13. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.






14. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per






15. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.






16. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments






17. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent






18. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.






19. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.






20. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter






21. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated






22. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals






23. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors






24. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area






25. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible






26. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode






27. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.






28. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines






29. Posterior to mandibular third molar






30. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)






31. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque






32. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament






33. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)






34. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment






35. Gray






36. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter






37. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired






38. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque






39. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum






40. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line






41. Do not occur in dentistry






42. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)






43. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band






44. Mature bone - muscle - nerve






45. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent






46. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage






47. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)






48. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter






49. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.






50. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.