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Radiology 3

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per






2. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.






3. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum






4. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects






5. Do not occur in dentistry






6. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.






7. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments






8. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line






9. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.






10. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors






11. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.






12. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)






13. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness






14. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque






15. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film






16. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.






17. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque






18. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line






19. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter






20. Mature bone - muscle - nerve






21. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter






22. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament






23. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.






24. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque






25. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired






26. Gray






27. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area






28. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.






29. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode






30. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.






31. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.






32. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band






33. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage






34. Sievart






35. Encases/supports teeth






36. Coulombs per kilogram






37. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque






38. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent






39. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque






40. Posterior to mandibular third molar






41. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.






42. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.






43. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.






44. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent






45. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.






46. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals






47. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line






48. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.






49. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.






50. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent