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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Secondary Radiation
The conditions required for the darkroom
Direct Injury
Median palatine suture
2. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Ridge
General Radiation
Rectangular and round PID
Anterior Nasal Spine
3. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Radiosensitive cells
Septum
Body of Mandible
Tubercle
4. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
General Radiation
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Coronoid Process
Conical PID
5. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Radiosensitive cells
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Latent Period
6. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Sinus
Foramen
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Lamina Dura
7. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Canal
Anterior Nasal Spine
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Inherent filtration
8. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Total dose
Free Radical Formation
Zygoma
Anterior Nasal Spine
9. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity
Stochastic effects
Genial Tubercles
Free Radical Formation
Zygomatic process of maxilla
10. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Mandibular Canal
Ramus
Periodontal Ligament Space
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
11. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Mylohyoid Ridge
Coronoid Process
Fixer Solution
Step-Down Transformer
12. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Characteristic Radiation
Amount of tissue irradiated
Ramus
Stochastic effects
13. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
Cell sensitivity
General Radiation
Ramus
Dose Rate
14. Coulombs per kilogram
Septum
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Somatic cells
Roentgen
15. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
Short-term effects
The conditions required for the darkroom
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Alveolar Crest
16. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Mandibular Canal
Suture
Lateral Fossa
Hamulus
17. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Cell sensitivity
Zygoma
Genetic cells
Primary Radiation
18. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Secondary Radiation
Canal
Lateral Fossa
Maxillary sinus
19. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Characteristic Radiation
Collimation
Internal Oblique Ridge
20. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
Indirect injury
Septum
Total dose
Cortical Bone
21. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Voltage
Maxillary Tuberosity
Step-Up Transformer
Genetic cells
22. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Mental Foramen
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Periodontal Ligament Space
23. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Ramus
Fixer Solution
Inherent filtration
Septa within maxillary sinus
24. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Compton Scatter
Tubercle
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Lingual Foramen
25. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Collimation
Radiosensitive cells
Lingual Foramen
Scatter Radiation
26. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Genetic cells
Milliamperage adjustment
Spine
Anterior Nasal Spine
27. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Short-term effects
Process
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Stochastic effects
28. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.
Septa within maxillary sinus
Fixer Solution
Submandibular Fossa
Coherent Scatter
29. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
Voltage
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Nutrient Canals
The conditions required for the darkroom
30. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Internal Oblique Ridge
Characteristic Radiation
Roentgen
Latent Period
31. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent
Nutrient Canals
Foramen
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Scatter Radiation
32. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Maxillary sinus
Milliamperage adjustment
Lingual Foramen
33. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.
The conditions required for the darkroom
Amount of tissue irradiated
Inverted Y
Ramus
34. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Lamina Dura
Nutrient Canals
Stochastic effects
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
35. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Lingual Foramen
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Short-term effects
36. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line
Characteristic Radiation
Median palatine suture
Inherent filtration
Added filtration
37. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Cancellous
Median palatine suture
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Zygoma
38. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Contrast
Hamulus
Characteristic Radiation
Ramus
39. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.
Process
Fixer Solution
Milliamperage adjustment
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
40. 68 Degrees F
Dose Rate
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Septum
Scatter Radiation
41. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Lateral Fossa
Nutrient Canals
Suture
Fossa
42. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Hamulus
Septa within maxillary sinus
Lateral Fossa
Ramus
43. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
External Oblique Ridge
Conical PID
Short-term effects
Radioresistant cells
44. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Milliamperage adjustment
Coherent Scatter
Maxillary Tuberosity
Density
45. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Mylohyoid Ridge
Radioresistant cells
Inherent filtration
Ridge
46. Gray
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Lamina Dura
Coronoid Process
Tubercle
47. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per
Contrast
Roentgen
Anterior Nasal Spine
Stochastic effects
48. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Step-Up Transformer
Inverted Y
External Oblique Ridge
Coronoid Process
49. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
External Oblique Ridge
Total dose
Maxillary sinus
Cortical Bone
50. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
Spine
Hamulus
Rectangular and round PID
Maxillary Tuberosity