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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Lateral Fossa
Cell sensitivity
Inherent filtration
Maxillary Tuberosity
2. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Hamulus
Radiosensitive cells
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
General Radiation
3. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Compton Scatter
Genetic cells
Developer Solution
Direct Injury
4. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Step-Up Transformer
Nutrient Canals
Fossa
Somatic cells
5. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Cell sensitivity
Coronoid Process
Indirect injury
Developer Solution
6. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Cancellous
Scatter Radiation
Total dose
Total (inherent + added) filtration
7. 68 Degrees F
Fixer Solution
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Amperage
8. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity
Lingual Foramen
Somatic cells
General Radiation
Zygomatic process of maxilla
9. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Compton Scatter
Zygoma
Body of Mandible
Zygomatic process of maxilla
10. Coulombs per kilogram
Ridge
Roentgen
Alveolar Process
Latent Period
11. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.
Indirect injury
Inherent filtration
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Genetic cells
12. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Density
Direct Injury
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Mylohyoid Ridge
13. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Lateral Fossa
Ridge
Short-term effects
Fixer Solution
14. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Step-Down Transformer
Maxillary sinus
Conical PID
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
15. Encases/supports teeth
Lamina Dura
Conical PID
Alveolar Process
External Oblique Ridge
16. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Inverted Y
Stochastic effects
Step-Down Transformer
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
17. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent
Inverted Y
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Radiosensitive cells
Foramen
18. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Latent Period
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Spine
19. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Median palatine suture
Coherent Scatter
Latent Period
Lamina Dura
20. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
Cell sensitivity
Maxillary Tuberosity
Scatter Radiation
Total dose
21. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Genetic cells
Rectangular and round PID
Tuberosity
Collimation
22. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Process
Mental Foramen
Latent Period
Zygomatic process of maxilla
23. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Roentgen
Tuberosity
Periodontal Ligament Space
Zygoma
24. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Long-term effects
Scatter Radiation
Maxillary Tuberosity
Radioresistant cells
25. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Zygoma
Stochastic effects
Developer Solution
Amount of tissue irradiated
26. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Septum
Maxillary Tuberosity
Somatic cells
Tuberosity
27. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
General Radiation
Cell sensitivity
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Fossa
28. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Amperage
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Fixer Solution
Ridge
29. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
Step-Up Transformer
Ramus
Inverted Y
Voltage
30. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Lingual Foramen
Maxillary sinus
Nutrient Canals
31. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects
Body of Mandible
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Milliamperage adjustment
Amount of tissue irradiated
32. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Maxillary sinus
Primary Radiation
Developer Solution
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
33. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Median palatine suture
Lingual Foramen
Added filtration
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
34. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.
Mental Foramen
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Zygoma
35. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
Scatter Radiation
Direct Injury
Nutrient Canals
Short-term effects
36. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Somatic cells
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Spine
Alveolar Process
37. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Ramus
Tuberosity
Mental Foramen
Long-term effects
38. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Genial Tubercles
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Characteristic Radiation
39. Gray
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Rectangular and round PID
Septa within maxillary sinus
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
40. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
External Oblique Ridge
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Conical PID
Roentgen
41. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Mental Foramen
Coronoid Process
Secondary Radiation
Ramus
42. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Collimation
Septum
Spine
Internal Oblique Ridge
43. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Voltage
Internal Oblique Ridge
Inherent filtration
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
44. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Scatter Radiation
Radiosensitive cells
Zygoma
Sinus
45. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Lateral Fossa
Sinus
Anterior Nasal Spine
Conical PID
46. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Compton Scatter
External Oblique Ridge
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Density
47. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
The conditions required for the darkroom
Characteristic Radiation
Septum
Amount of tissue irradiated
48. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Amperage
General Radiation
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Sinus
49. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Spine
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Cortical Bone
50. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Genetic cells
Dose Rate
Conical PID
Density