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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Maxillary sinus
Scatter Radiation
Added filtration
Characteristic Radiation
2. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Cortical Bone
Free Radical Formation
Density
Hamulus
3. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Voltage
Compton Scatter
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Ramus
4. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Collimation
Inverted Y
External Oblique Ridge
Radioresistant cells
5. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Mental Foramen
Milliamperage adjustment
Foramen
Mandibular Canal
6. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Lateral Fossa
Nutrient Canals
Long-term effects
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
7. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Cortical Bone
Internal Oblique Ridge
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Direct Injury
8. Gray
Step-Up Transformer
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Maxillary Tuberosity
Genetic cells
9. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Milliamperage adjustment
Coronoid Process
Conical PID
Cortical Bone
10. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
Cortical Bone
The conditions required for the darkroom
Median palatine suture
Density
11. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Nutrient Canals
Developer Solution
Mandibular Canal
Long-term effects
12. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Somatic cells
Ridge
Dose Rate
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
13. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Total dose
External Oblique Ridge
Genetic cells
Tubercle
14. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
General Radiation
Lateral Fossa
Spine
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
15. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per
Body of Mandible
Fixer Solution
Contrast
Direct Injury
16. Do not occur in dentistry
Lateral Fossa
Septa within maxillary sinus
Short-term effects
General Radiation
17. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Ridge
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Median palatine suture
Compton Scatter
18. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Added filtration
Compton Scatter
Rectangular and round PID
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
19. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Ramus
Cortical Bone
Cell sensitivity
Step-Up Transformer
20. Encases/supports teeth
Internal Oblique Ridge
Alveolar Process
Total dose
Ramus
21. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Genial Tubercles
Tubercle
General Radiation
22. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Nutrient Canals
Rectangular and round PID
Long-term effects
Primary Radiation
23. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Mylohyoid Ridge
Process
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Maxillary sinus
24. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
Radioresistant cells
Free Radical Formation
Nutrient Canals
Roentgen
25. 68 Degrees F
Radioresistant cells
Voltage
Lateral Fossa
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
26. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Hamulus
Latent Period
Anterior Nasal Spine
Lateral Fossa
27. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Cell sensitivity
Anterior Nasal Spine
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Dose Rate
28. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent
Lingual Foramen
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Body of Mandible
External Oblique Ridge
29. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
Added filtration
Radioresistant cells
Zygoma
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
30. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Coherent Scatter
Long-term effects
Inherent filtration
Compton Scatter
31. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Direct Injury
Tubercle
Compton Scatter
Step-Up Transformer
32. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Internal Oblique Ridge
Step-Down Transformer
Compton Scatter
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
33. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Body of Mandible
Fixer Solution
General Radiation
34. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Dose Rate
Added filtration
Lateral Fossa
Inferior Nasal Conchae
35. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Mandibular Canal
Tubercle
Mental Foramen
Radioresistant cells
36. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Scatter Radiation
Somatic cells
Lamina Dura
Foramen
37. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Genetic cells
Milliamperage adjustment
Sinus
Maxillary Tuberosity
38. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Coronoid Process
Body of Mandible
Median palatine suture
Step-Down Transformer
39. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Genetic cells
Rectangular and round PID
Fixer Solution
40. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Spine
Canal
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
41. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
Free Radical Formation
Conical PID
Voltage
Inherent filtration
42. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
General Radiation
Sinus
Maxillary Tuberosity
Tuberosity
43. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Maxillary Tuberosity
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Latent Period
44. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Cancellous
Direct Injury
Coronoid Process
45. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Primary Radiation
Body of Mandible
Indirect injury
Developer Solution
46. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Zygoma
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Cancellous
47. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Dose Rate
Alveolar Process
Fossa
Nutrient Canals
48. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Cancellous
Cortical Bone
Lamina Dura
Suture
49. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Lamina Dura
Anterior Nasal Spine
Coronoid Process
Process
50. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge
Latent Period
Mental Foramen
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Submandibular Fossa