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Radiology 3

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure






2. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.






3. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line






4. Mature bone - muscle - nerve






5. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated






6. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent






7. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum






8. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per






9. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque






10. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.






11. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent






12. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.






13. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film






14. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.






15. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors






16. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line






17. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)






18. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum






19. Do not occur in dentistry






20. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired






21. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque






22. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells






23. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band






24. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode






25. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible






26. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen






27. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.






28. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage






29. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter






30. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments






31. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent






32. Encases/supports teeth






33. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later






34. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum






35. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.






36. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.






37. Coulombs per kilogram






38. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament






39. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.






40. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.






41. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque






42. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.






43. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve






44. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus






45. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines






46. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque






47. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band






48. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.






49. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)






50. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque