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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Suture
Inherent filtration
Genial Tubercles
Ridge
2. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Somatic cells
Internal Oblique Ridge
Lamina Dura
Foramen
3. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Nutrient Canals
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Latent Period
4. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Inverted Y
Tubercle
Zygoma
Mandibular Canal
5. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Septum
Radiosensitive cells
Median palatine suture
Ramus
6. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Process
Genetic cells
Free Radical Formation
7. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Milliamperage adjustment
Short-term effects
Foramen
8. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Voltage
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Body of Mandible
Coronoid Process
9. Gray
Coherent Scatter
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Mylohyoid Ridge
Inferior Nasal Conchae
10. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Nutrient Canals
Direct Injury
Roentgen
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
11. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Amount of tissue irradiated
Developer Solution
12. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Amount of tissue irradiated
Sinus
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Scatter Radiation
13. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Ridge
Sinus
Cell sensitivity
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
14. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.
Median palatine suture
Rectangular and round PID
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
15. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Mylohyoid Ridge
Cancellous
Step-Down Transformer
Body of Mandible
16. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Tuberosity
Amount of tissue irradiated
Step-Down Transformer
Mandibular Canal
17. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Canal
Lateral Fossa
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
18. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Long-term effects
Ramus
Submandibular Fossa
19. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
Foramen
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Spine
Added filtration
20. Coulombs per kilogram
Body of Mandible
Submandibular Fossa
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Roentgen
21. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Body of Mandible
Cortical Bone
Genial Tubercles
Somatic cells
22. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.
Indirect injury
Mental Foramen
Suture
Density
23. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Septa within maxillary sinus
Cancellous
Suture
24. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque
Alveolar Crest
Fixer Solution
Lingual Foramen
Body of Mandible
25. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Median palatine suture
Radiosensitive cells
Added filtration
Rectangular and round PID
26. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.
Somatic cells
Inverted Y
Radiosensitive cells
Contrast
27. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Lamina Dura
Lateral Fossa
Anterior Nasal Spine
Fixer Solution
28. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent
Lamina Dura
Tubercle
Compton Scatter
Foramen
29. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Alveolar Process
Direct Injury
Canal
Fossa
30. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
Coherent Scatter
Cortical Bone
Voltage
Fixer Solution
31. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Internal Oblique Ridge
Characteristic Radiation
Conical PID
32. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Contrast
Body of Mandible
Roentgen
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
33. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Fixer Solution
Step-Up Transformer
The conditions required for the darkroom
Coherent Scatter
34. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Tuberosity
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Latent Period
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
35. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Direct Injury
Suture
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
36. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Secondary Radiation
Radioresistant cells
Added filtration
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
37. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Primary Radiation
Step-Up Transformer
Fossa
Inherent filtration
38. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Alveolar Process
Conical PID
Anterior Nasal Spine
Coronoid Process
39. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line
Nutrient Canals
Median palatine suture
Genetic cells
Periodontal Ligament Space
40. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge
Submandibular Fossa
Stochastic effects
Nutrient Canals
Tuberosity
41. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Coronoid Process
Zygoma
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
42. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Secondary Radiation
Fixer Solution
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Alveolar Process
43. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Scatter Radiation
Cell sensitivity
Periodontal Ligament Space
Total dose
44. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Ridge
Coronoid Process
External Oblique Ridge
Mental Foramen
45. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Indirect injury
Contrast
Genetic cells
Added filtration
46. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Septum
General Radiation
Dose Rate
Latent Period
47. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Mental Foramen
Lateral Fossa
Total dose
Characteristic Radiation
48. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Radiosensitive cells
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Mylohyoid Ridge
Dose Rate
49. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Density
Tuberosity
Maxillary Tuberosity
Ridge
50. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Sinus
Compton Scatter
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Process