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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
Periodontal Ligament Space
Fossa
Scatter Radiation
Nutrient Canals
2. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Lamina Dura
Added filtration
External Oblique Ridge
Coherent Scatter
3. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Ramus
Cancellous
Mandibular Canal
4. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Maxillary sinus
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Direct Injury
Inverted Y
5. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Spine
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Fossa
External Oblique Ridge
6. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Mental Foramen
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Step-Up Transformer
Free Radical Formation
7. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Mental Foramen
Septum
Radioresistant cells
Short-term effects
8. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Internal Oblique Ridge
Rectangular and round PID
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Mental Foramen
9. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Anterior Nasal Spine
Cancellous
Alveolar Process
Total (inherent + added) filtration
10. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Genetic cells
Direct Injury
The conditions required for the darkroom
11. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
General Radiation
Total dose
12. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Sinus
Septum
Genetic cells
Alveolar Crest
13. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Milliamperage adjustment
Amperage
Radioresistant cells
Secondary Radiation
14. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Coronoid Process
Tuberosity
Suture
15. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Ridge
Ramus
16. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.
Latent Period
Mandibular Canal
Septa within maxillary sinus
Indirect injury
17. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Genetic cells
Milliamperage adjustment
Mandibular Canal
Lateral Fossa
18. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Genial Tubercles
Anterior Nasal Spine
Septum
Conical PID
19. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Developer Solution
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Cell sensitivity
20. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects
Amount of tissue irradiated
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Process
Septum
21. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Nutrient Canals
Long-term effects
Ramus
Contrast
22. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Indirect injury
Inverted Y
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Long-term effects
23. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Stochastic effects
Rectangular and round PID
Hamulus
Added filtration
24. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.
Submandibular Fossa
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Tuberosity
25. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Free Radical Formation
Mandibular Canal
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Direct Injury
26. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Mylohyoid Ridge
Free Radical Formation
Genial Tubercles
27. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Mylohyoid Ridge
Radioresistant cells
Contrast
Lateral Fossa
28. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
General Radiation
Coronoid Process
Periodontal Ligament Space
Inverted Y
29. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Nutrient Canals
Submandibular Fossa
Genetic cells
Inherent filtration
30. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Radioresistant cells
Milliamperage adjustment
Coherent Scatter
Compton Scatter
31. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Coronoid Process
Rectangular and round PID
Density
Free Radical Formation
32. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Developer Solution
Conical PID
Direct Injury
33. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Free Radical Formation
Suture
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
General Radiation
34. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Periodontal Ligament Space
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Genetic cells
Short-term effects
35. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Inherent filtration
Zygoma
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Sinus
36. Do not occur in dentistry
Nutrient Canals
Short-term effects
Developer Solution
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
37. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Septum
Mylohyoid Ridge
Milliamperage adjustment
Fixer Solution
38. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Roentgen
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Direct Injury
Radiosensitive cells
39. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
Radioresistant cells
External Oblique Ridge
Septum
Ridge
40. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Added filtration
Nutrient Canals
Cell sensitivity
Radioresistant cells
41. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Characteristic Radiation
Body of Mandible
General Radiation
Suture
42. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Inverted Y
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Long-term effects
43. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Internal Oblique Ridge
Radioresistant cells
Contrast
Alveolar Process
44. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque
Periodontal Ligament Space
Amperage
Rectangular and round PID
Maxillary Tuberosity
45. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Stochastic effects
Internal Oblique Ridge
Scatter Radiation
Septa within maxillary sinus
46. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Cortical Bone
Hamulus
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Tuberosity
47. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Primary Radiation
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Radiosensitive cells
Inferior Nasal Conchae
48. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque
Primary Radiation
Body of Mandible
Alveolar Crest
Maxillary Tuberosity
49. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Contrast
Direct Injury
Nutrient Canals
Ramus
50. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Genial Tubercles
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Maxillary sinus
Collimation