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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
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Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Mental Foramen
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Total dose
Stochastic effects
2. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Genetic cells
Dose Rate
Foramen
3. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
Fixer Solution
Cancellous
Total dose
Characteristic Radiation
4. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Added filtration
Fixer Solution
Scatter Radiation
Radioresistant cells
5. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
General Radiation
Long-term effects
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Alveolar Process
6. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Maxillary sinus
Long-term effects
Density
Developer Solution
7. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.
Alveolar Crest
Coherent Scatter
Ridge
Indirect injury
8. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Lateral Fossa
Collimation
Radiosensitive cells
Tuberosity
9. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Cortical Bone
Characteristic Radiation
Fossa
The conditions required for the darkroom
10. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Step-Up Transformer
Canal
Inferior Nasal Conchae
11. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Nutrient Canals
Periodontal Ligament Space
Step-Up Transformer
Milliamperage adjustment
12. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects
Maxillary Tuberosity
Free Radical Formation
Amount of tissue irradiated
Septum
13. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
Radioresistant cells
Lamina Dura
Nutrient Canals
Coherent Scatter
14. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
Radioresistant cells
Free Radical Formation
Direct Injury
Compton Scatter
15. Posterior to mandibular third molar
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Ramus
Somatic cells
Compton Scatter
16. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Lamina Dura
Conical PID
Tubercle
Cortical Bone
17. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Roentgen
Canal
Rectangular and round PID
Added filtration
18. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Lamina Dura
Coronoid Process
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Total (inherent + added) filtration
19. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Body of Mandible
Fixer Solution
Spine
Sinus
20. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Short-term effects
Cortical Bone
Suture
21. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
Long-term effects
Spine
Short-term effects
Roentgen
22. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Milliamperage adjustment
Free Radical Formation
Amount of tissue irradiated
Secondary Radiation
23. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity
Scatter Radiation
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Sinus
Roentgen
24. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent
Lingual Foramen
Mental Foramen
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Floor of Nasal Cavity
25. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Somatic cells
Fixer Solution
Mental Foramen
Tubercle
26. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Coherent Scatter
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Amperage
Ramus
27. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Long-term effects
Stochastic effects
Spine
28. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque
Radioresistant cells
Maxillary Tuberosity
Dose Rate
Short-term effects
29. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Developer Solution
Free Radical Formation
Amount of tissue irradiated
General Radiation
30. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Cancellous
Collimation
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Long-term effects
31. Coulombs per kilogram
Canal
Developer Solution
Roentgen
General Radiation
32. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Radioresistant cells
Cell sensitivity
Amount of tissue irradiated
Maxillary Tuberosity
33. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Process
Developer Solution
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Periodontal Ligament Space
34. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Foramen
Ramus
Roentgen
Collimation
35. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge
Submandibular Fossa
Short-term effects
Mylohyoid Ridge
Internal Oblique Ridge
36. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Density
Mandibular Canal
Lateral Fossa
Genetic cells
37. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Septa within maxillary sinus
Cell sensitivity
External Oblique Ridge
Added filtration
38. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
General Radiation
Step-Up Transformer
Cancellous
Dose Rate
39. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
External Oblique Ridge
Collimation
Fossa
40. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Stochastic effects
Compton Scatter
Density
Nutrient Canals
41. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Density
Latent Period
Nutrient Canals
Floor of Nasal Cavity
42. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Process
Direct Injury
Amperage
Genial Tubercles
43. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
Anterior Nasal Spine
Dose Rate
Inverted Y
General Radiation
44. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Density
Fixer Solution
Tuberosity
45. Sievart
Coherent Scatter
Inherent filtration
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Free Radical Formation
46. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Fossa
Hamulus
The conditions required for the darkroom
Developer Solution
47. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Zygoma
Step-Down Transformer
Characteristic Radiation
Nutrient Canals
48. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line
Primary Radiation
Maxillary Tuberosity
Septa within maxillary sinus
Median palatine suture
49. Gray
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Mandibular Canal
Somatic cells
Maxillary Tuberosity
50. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Anterior Nasal Spine
Inherent filtration
Cell sensitivity
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