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Radiology 3

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)






2. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum






3. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology






4. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.






5. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per






6. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque






7. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen






8. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.






9. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.






10. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.






11. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.






12. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.






13. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent






14. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)






15. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent






16. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.






17. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible






18. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque






19. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness






20. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)






21. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.






22. Do not occur in dentistry






23. Mature bone - muscle - nerve






24. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent






25. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum






26. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)






27. Coulombs per kilogram






28. Posterior to mandibular third molar






29. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent






30. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque






31. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)






32. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode






33. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament






34. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus






35. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.






36. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated






37. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.






38. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film






39. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque






40. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band






41. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque






42. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects






43. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer






44. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter






45. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent






46. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines






47. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments






48. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired






49. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum






50. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals







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