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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line
Rectangular and round PID
Suture
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Short-term effects
2. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Sinus
Ridge
Long-term effects
Submandibular Fossa
3. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge
Submandibular Fossa
Cell sensitivity
Foramen
Mandibular Canal
4. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Lateral Fossa
Added filtration
Contrast
Ridge
5. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects
Step-Up Transformer
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Amount of tissue irradiated
6. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Characteristic Radiation
Nutrient Canals
Rectangular and round PID
Submandibular Fossa
7. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.
Mylohyoid Ridge
Indirect injury
Mental Foramen
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
8. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
Genial Tubercles
Spine
Submandibular Fossa
Inherent filtration
9. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Nutrient Canals
Mental Foramen
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Total (inherent + added) filtration
10. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Free Radical Formation
Anterior Nasal Spine
External Oblique Ridge
Fossa
11. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Internal Oblique Ridge
Developer Solution
Cortical Bone
Septa within maxillary sinus
12. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Amount of tissue irradiated
Scatter Radiation
Hamulus
Total (inherent + added) filtration
13. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque
Maxillary Tuberosity
Canal
Amperage
Suture
14. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Hamulus
Compton Scatter
Secondary Radiation
Step-Up Transformer
15. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
The conditions required for the darkroom
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Latent Period
Ramus
16. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Lateral Fossa
Voltage
Density
Direct Injury
17. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Free Radical Formation
Suture
Compton Scatter
Tuberosity
18. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Cortical Bone
Inherent filtration
Coronoid Process
Alveolar Process
19. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Stochastic effects
Canal
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Radioresistant cells
20. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Latent Period
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Rectangular and round PID
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
21. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity
Ramus
Mandibular Canal
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Floor of Nasal Cavity
22. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Septa within maxillary sinus
General Radiation
Alveolar Crest
Mental Foramen
23. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Ramus
Periodontal Ligament Space
Inverted Y
Inherent filtration
24. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Canal
External Oblique Ridge
Roentgen
Spine
25. Sievart
Long-term effects
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Lingual Foramen
General Radiation
26. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Secondary Radiation
Genetic cells
Coronoid Process
Mandibular Canal
27. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent
Septa within maxillary sinus
Cell sensitivity
Scatter Radiation
Lingual Foramen
28. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Genial Tubercles
Mylohyoid Ridge
Density
Spine
29. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Added filtration
Mandibular Canal
Secondary Radiation
Indirect injury
30. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Tubercle
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Roentgen
Lateral Fossa
31. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Fossa
Added filtration
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
32. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Median palatine suture
Body of Mandible
Cancellous
Genetic cells
33. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Amperage
The conditions required for the darkroom
Contrast
34. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Process
Hamulus
Suture
Characteristic Radiation
35. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Amount of tissue irradiated
Cell sensitivity
Radiosensitive cells
Dose Rate
36. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Primary Radiation
Nutrient Canals
Density
Collimation
37. Gray
Spine
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Periodontal Ligament Space
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
38. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Coronoid Process
Lingual Foramen
Canal
Density
39. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Latent Period
Fossa
Alveolar Crest
Body of Mandible
40. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
External Oblique Ridge
Internal Oblique Ridge
Mylohyoid Ridge
41. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Inferior Nasal Conchae
The conditions required for the darkroom
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Short-term effects
42. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Radioresistant cells
Collimation
Developer Solution
Nutrient Canals
43. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Internal Oblique Ridge
Nutrient Canals
Scatter Radiation
Indirect injury
44. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)
General Radiation
Inherent filtration
Genial Tubercles
Amperage
45. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Contrast
Septa within maxillary sinus
Nutrient Canals
Added filtration
46. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Rectangular and round PID
Cell sensitivity
Floor of Nasal Cavity
47. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Primary Radiation
Amperage
Zygomatic process of maxilla
48. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Compton Scatter
Tubercle
Milliamperage adjustment
Spine
49. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Cortical Bone
Canal
Foramen
50. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Lamina Dura
Suture
Cell sensitivity
Voltage