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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
Voltage
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Lateral Fossa
Indirect injury
2. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Total dose
Ramus
Indirect injury
Spine
3. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Density
Periodontal Ligament Space
Internal Oblique Ridge
Collimation
4. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Inherent filtration
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Latent Period
Mandibular Canal
5. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Fixer Solution
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Median palatine suture
Alveolar Crest
6. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Characteristic Radiation
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Inherent filtration
Hamulus
7. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.
Coherent Scatter
Inverted Y
Radioresistant cells
Septa within maxillary sinus
8. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
Mental Foramen
The conditions required for the darkroom
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Cortical Bone
9. Gray
Fossa
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Density
Mental Foramen
10. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Coherent Scatter
Conical PID
Step-Down Transformer
Spine
11. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
Anterior Nasal Spine
Genetic cells
Latent Period
Compton Scatter
12. 68 Degrees F
Anterior Nasal Spine
Density
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Somatic cells
13. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque
Compton Scatter
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Tuberosity
Contrast
14. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line
Cell sensitivity
Characteristic Radiation
Median palatine suture
Mental Foramen
15. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Long-term effects
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Characteristic Radiation
Canal
16. Encases/supports teeth
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Coherent Scatter
Alveolar Process
Collimation
17. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Cell sensitivity
Septa within maxillary sinus
Free Radical Formation
Stochastic effects
18. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Step-Down Transformer
Amperage
General Radiation
Mandibular Canal
19. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Roentgen
Step-Down Transformer
Periodontal Ligament Space
20. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.
The conditions required for the darkroom
Nutrient Canals
Fixer Solution
Tubercle
21. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
General Radiation
Foramen
Cancellous
Cell sensitivity
22. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Nutrient Canals
Cortical Bone
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Mylohyoid Ridge
23. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Radioresistant cells
Inverted Y
Collimation
Indirect injury
24. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque
Coronoid Process
Alveolar Crest
Periodontal Ligament Space
Mandibular Canal
25. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Milliamperage adjustment
Developer Solution
Radioresistant cells
Ramus
26. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Periodontal Ligament Space
Septum
Spine
Body of Mandible
27. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Long-term effects
Radiosensitive cells
Amount of tissue irradiated
Sinus
28. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
Mandibular Canal
Milliamperage adjustment
External Oblique Ridge
Long-term effects
29. Space between root and the lamina dura - thin - radiolucent line - healthy PDL is uniform thickness
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Alveolar Process
Conical PID
Periodontal Ligament Space
30. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
Nutrient Canals
Long-term effects
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Radioresistant cells
31. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Body of Mandible
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Stochastic effects
32. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Foramen
Collimation
Lingual Foramen
Cancellous
33. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent
Voltage
Septa within maxillary sinus
Foramen
Suture
34. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Maxillary sinus
Ridge
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Sinus
35. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Stochastic effects
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Total dose
36. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Amperage
Hamulus
Coherent Scatter
Contrast
37. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Zygoma
Voltage
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Periodontal Ligament Space
38. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque
Radiosensitive cells
Long-term effects
Total dose
Maxillary Tuberosity
39. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge
Submandibular Fossa
Voltage
Nutrient Canals
Canal
40. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per
Coronoid Process
Total dose
Milliamperage adjustment
Contrast
41. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Lateral Fossa
Step-Up Transformer
Developer Solution
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
42. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Septum
Internal Oblique Ridge
Dose Rate
Tuberosity
43. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Amperage
Dose Rate
Coronoid Process
44. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Direct Injury
Foramen
Inferior Nasal Conchae
45. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Roentgen
Density
Developer Solution
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
46. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Periodontal Ligament Space
Scatter Radiation
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Added filtration
47. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Cell sensitivity
Tuberosity
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Maxillary Tuberosity
48. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Long-term effects
External Oblique Ridge
Periodontal Ligament Space
Inferior Nasal Conchae
49. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Direct Injury
Step-Up Transformer
Stochastic effects
Zygomatic process of maxilla
50. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Indirect injury
Nutrient Canals
Free Radical Formation
Nonthreshold dose-response curve