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Radiology 3

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus






2. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells






3. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.






4. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent






5. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.






6. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired






7. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.






8. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line






9. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area






10. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)






11. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent






12. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.






13. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines






14. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque






15. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.






16. Sievart






17. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.






18. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque






19. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.






20. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.






21. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band






22. Mature bone - muscle - nerve






23. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum






24. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter






25. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment






26. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge






27. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per






28. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum






29. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)






30. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)






31. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter






32. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage






33. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure






34. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament






35. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)






36. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque






37. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible






38. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque






39. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.






40. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later






41. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.






42. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer






43. Coulombs per kilogram






44. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque






45. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter






46. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.






47. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.






48. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated






49. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.






50. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.