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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Alveolar Crest
Body of Mandible
Coronoid Process
Compton Scatter
2. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Genetic cells
Density
Scatter Radiation
Cell sensitivity
3. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Short-term effects
Cortical Bone
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Indirect injury
4. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Sinus
Characteristic Radiation
Genetic cells
Maxillary Tuberosity
5. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Inverted Y
Lingual Foramen
Free Radical Formation
Ramus
6. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Genetic cells
Nutrient Canals
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Roentgen
7. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Conical PID
Indirect injury
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Collimation
8. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line
Added filtration
General Radiation
Scatter Radiation
Suture
9. 16-20 square feet (at least 4x4) - Light tight - Safelight must be at least 4 feet from the working area
The conditions required for the darkroom
Alveolar Crest
Collimation
Inverted Y
10. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)
Ridge
Total dose
Foramen
Tubercle
11. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Canal
Median palatine suture
Collimation
Zygoma
12. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Long-term effects
Characteristic Radiation
Added filtration
13. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Nutrient Canals
Dose Rate
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Coherent Scatter
14. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Spine
Lamina Dura
Secondary Radiation
Suture
15. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Short-term effects
Ridge
Added filtration
16. Sievart
Cortical Bone
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Compton Scatter
Radioresistant cells
17. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Zygoma
Voltage
Latent Period
Rectangular and round PID
18. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Hamulus
Cancellous
Tuberosity
Milliamperage adjustment
19. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
Fossa
Alveolar Process
General Radiation
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
20. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.
Zygoma
Short-term effects
Voltage
Suture
21. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band
Dose Rate
Internal Oblique Ridge
Total dose
Tuberosity
22. Mature bone - muscle - nerve
General Radiation
Inherent filtration
Lateral Fossa
Radioresistant cells
23. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Inherent filtration
Milliamperage adjustment
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Voltage
24. The x-ray photon is deflected from its path during its passage through matter
Genetic cells
Fossa
Compton Scatter
Periodontal Ligament Space
25. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Hamulus
Median palatine suture
Maxillary sinus
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
26. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge
Submandibular Fossa
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Coherent Scatter
Direct Injury
27. Sharper of dark and light areas and how they are separated on film. Low kVp results in high contrast (many white and black areas - very little gray). Useful when diagnosing decay. High kVp results in low contrast (many shades of grade) Useful for per
Canal
Contrast
The conditions required for the darkroom
Septum
28. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Free Radical Formation
Inferior Nasal Conchae
The conditions required for the darkroom
Contrast
29. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Stochastic effects
Mental Foramen
Process
Cancellous
30. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Dose Rate
Lateral Fossa
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Rectangular and round PID
31. X-radiation created when the primary beam interacts with a matter
Secondary Radiation
Cell sensitivity
Coronoid Process
Ramus
32. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Direct Injury
Radiosensitive cells
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Process
33. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Direct Injury
Collimation
Amperage
Inherent filtration
34. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Milliamperage adjustment
Indirect injury
Sinus
35. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)
Coronoid Process
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Amperage
Foramen
36. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque
Tubercle
Long-term effects
Short-term effects
Cell sensitivity
37. Within maxillary sinus; acts as a division - radiopaque lines sometimes not visible
Internal Oblique Ridge
Scatter Radiation
Septa within maxillary sinus
Hamulus
38. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque
Inherent filtration
Alveolar Process
Alveolar Crest
Canal
39. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Suture
Coronoid Process
Spine
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
40. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Periodontal Ligament Space
Mylohyoid Ridge
Maxillary Tuberosity
Long-term effects
41. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.
Alveolar Process
Radioresistant cells
Inverted Y
Genetic cells
42. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Mandibular Canal
Canal
Radiosensitive cells
Developer Solution
43. Coulombs per kilogram
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Roentgen
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Secondary Radiation
44. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Septum
Mental Foramen
Tuberosity
Mylohyoid Ridge
45. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Density
Latent Period
Dose Rate
Ramus
46. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Inverted Y
Primary Radiation
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Cancellous
47. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.
Septa within maxillary sinus
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Cancellous
Process
48. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Developer Solution
Somatic cells
Nutrient Canals
Radiosensitive cells
49. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Step-Down Transformer
Sinus
Septum
Fossa
50. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
General Radiation
Genial Tubercles
Ramus
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)