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Radiology 3

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.






2. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter






3. Bony prominence posterior to maxillary third molar; radiopaque






4. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines






5. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line






6. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent






7. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)






8. 68 Degrees F






9. 'Cheekbone'; cortical bone; radiopaque band extending from zygomatic process.






10. Coronal part of alveolar bone - between teeth - cortical bone - radiopaque






11. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film






12. Occurs frequently due to the high concentration of water in cells.






13. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.






14. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.






15. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.






16. Coulombs per kilogram






17. Quantity of radiation received or total amount absorbed (more damage with tissue absorbing large quantities of radiation)






18. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors






19. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired






20. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.






21. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque






22. A line of union between adjoining bones - found only in skull; appears as radiolucent line






23. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.






24. Removes unexposed silver halide crystals and creates white/clear areas on film; black metallic silver remains on film.






25. Rounded prominence that appears radiopaque






26. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum






27. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)






28. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells






29. Continues from ramus; radiopaque band






30. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)






31. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage






32. Cortical bone; J or U shaped radiopacity






33. Surrounded by genial tubercle - hole in bone near mandibular midline - radiolucent






34. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.






35. Posterior to mandibular third molar






36. Mature bone - muscle - nerve






37. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament






38. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer






39. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure






40. Marked prominence that appears radiopaque.






41. Bump or nodule that appears radiopaque






42. Intersection of maxillary sinus and nasal cavity - radiopaque - cortical bone; above maxillary canine.






43. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.






44. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.






45. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque






46. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line






47. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band






48. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent






49. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals






50. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.