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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Coronoid Process
Step-Down Transformer
Short-term effects
Indirect injury
2. Tube that travels length of mandible - radiolucent; has cortical walls - houses inferior alveolar nerve
Mandibular Canal
Coherent Scatter
The conditions required for the darkroom
Lamina Dura
3. Internal ridge of mandible muscle attachment - continuous with internal oblique ridge; radiopaque line
Mylohyoid Ridge
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Primary Radiation
4. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Mandibular Canal
Septa within maxillary sinus
Step-Down Transformer
Nutrient Canals
5. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Maxillary sinus
Genial Tubercles
Inferior Nasal Conchae
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
6. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Ramus
Amount of tissue irradiated
Cancellous
Added filtration
7. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Mental Foramen
Roentgen
Long-term effects
8. Closed - pointed cone-high production of scatter - not used any longer.
Mylohyoid Ridge
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Conical PID
Zygomatic process of maxilla
9. Small lymphocyte - bone marrow - reproductive cells - immature bone
Coronoid Process
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Foramen
Radiosensitive cells
10. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Spine
Direct Injury
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Lamina Dura
11. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Genial Tubercles
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Alveolar Crest
Conical PID
12. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
Cell sensitivity
Characteristic Radiation
Voltage
Collimation
13. Gray
Density
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Dose Rate
The conditions required for the darkroom
14. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Contrast
Hamulus
Added filtration
Ramus
15. Thin - curved areas of bone - radiopacities within nasal cavity and septum
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Amount of tissue irradiated
Contrast
Conical PID
16. Opening/hole in bone that allows the passage of blood vessels/nerves and appears radiolucent
Ridge
Inverted Y
Foramen
The conditions required for the darkroom
17. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Contrast
Body of Mandible
The conditions required for the darkroom
Nutrient Canals
18. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Cell sensitivity
Maxillary sinus
Density
Developer Solution
19. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Total dose
Nutrient Canals
Periodontal Ligament Space
Long-term effects
20. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Sinus
Ridge
Mylohyoid Ridge
Septum
21. Produced when an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or passes very close to the nucleus of a tungsten atom.
Added filtration
General Radiation
Mylohyoid Ridge
Septum
22. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Septum
Stochastic effects
Milliamperage adjustment
Submandibular Fossa
23. Reproductive (ova - sperm). Effects are passed on to generations. Genetic damage cannot be repaired
Inferior Nasal Conchae
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Amperage
Genetic cells
24. More damage can occur in younger or rapidly dividing cells
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Rectangular and round PID
External Oblique Ridge
Cell sensitivity
25. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Compton Scatter
Median palatine suture
26. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Stochastic effects
Density
27. Reduces exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver a makes dark/black areas on film; unexposed silver halide crystals are unaffected by developer
Genetic cells
Process
Developer Solution
Spine
28. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Conical PID
Nutrient Canals
Maxillary Tuberosity
Cortical Bone
29. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Periodontal Ligament Space
General Radiation
Direct Injury
Sinus
30. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge
Lamina Dura
Ramus
Submandibular Fossa
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
31. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Radiosensitive cells
Conical PID
Step-Down Transformer
Scatter Radiation
32. Cell damage occurs through formation of 'free radicals'. Free radicals are formed when an x-ray photon ionizes water.
Free Radical Formation
Median palatine suture
Density
Tuberosity
33. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Contrast
Fixer Solution
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Mylohyoid Ridge
34. 68 Degrees F
External Oblique Ridge
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Coherent Scatter
Compton Scatter
35. 'Arranged like a lattice'->soft - spongy bone located between 2 layers of cortical bone; spaces are trabeculae that are filled with bone marrow.
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Density
Tubercle
Cancellous
36. Sievart
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Mylohyoid Ridge
Canal
Periodontal Ligament Space
37. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Periodontal Ligament Space
Scatter Radiation
Primary Radiation
38. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Somatic cells
Added filtration
Mental Foramen
Septa within maxillary sinus
39. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
Tuberosity
Compton Scatter
Cell sensitivity
Spine
40. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Lateral Fossa
Developer Solution
Genetic cells
Ridge
41. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Fixer Solution
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Maxillary Tuberosity
Characteristic Radiation
42. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Septa within maxillary sinus
Inherent filtration
Long-term effects
Density
43. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Submandibular Fossa
Coronoid Process
Septum
44. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Mylohyoid Ridge
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Lateral Fossa
Inverted Y
45. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Submandibular Fossa
Dose Rate
Mylohyoid Ridge
Alveolar Crest
46. Coulombs per kilogram
Direct Injury
Hamulus
Roentgen
Floor of Nasal Cavity
47. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Hamulus
Step-Up Transformer
Stochastic effects
External Oblique Ridge
48. The measurement of the number of electrons moving through a conductor. Measured in amperes (A) or milliamperes (mA)
Amperage
External Oblique Ridge
Latent Period
Lateral Fossa
49. Used to decrease voltage from the incoming 110- or 220-line voltage to the 3 to 5 volts used by the filament circuit.
Step-Down Transformer
Developer Solution
Roentgen
Mandibular Canal
50. Tube that passes through bone - contains nerve canals/blood vessels/and appears radiolucent
Canal
Step-Up Transformer
Short-term effects
Primary Radiation