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Test your basic knowledge |
Radiology 3
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
radiology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Two small openings (radiolucent) found on floor of nasal cavity->common exit is incisive foramen
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Median palatine suture
Step-Down Transformer
Alveolar Process
2. V-shaped radiopacity at intersection of floor of nasal cavity and septum
External Oblique Ridge
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Anterior Nasal Spine
Fixer Solution
3. Rate which exposure to radiation occurs and absorption occurs (more damage occurs with high dose due to rapid delivery and does not allow for repair)
Dose Rate
Amperage
Added filtration
Step-Down Transformer
4. Occurs very little; most photons pass through cell with little or no damage
Short-term effects
Hamulus
Direct Injury
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
5. Produced when a high-speed electron dislodges an inner-shell electron from a tungsten atom and causes ionization of that atom. Occurs only at 70 kVp and above.
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Stochastic effects
Septa within maxillary sinus
Characteristic Radiation
6. Primary beam passes through glass window - insulating oil - tubehead seal. 0.5 to 1.0 mm of aluminum
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Cortical Bone
Inherent filtration
Primary Radiation
7. Restricts size and shape of beam to lower patient exposure - Round: cone shaped beam-2.75 inches in diameter - Rectangular: Rectangular beam slightly larger than size 2 film- lowers patient exposure
Added filtration
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Lingual Foramen
Collimation
8. Anterior ramus of mandible; attachment for muscle of mastication; superimposed around maxillary tuberosity.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Radioresistant cells
Coronoid Process
Body of Mandible
9. A direct function of the dose. No dose threshold; effects do not depend on the magnitude of the absorbed dose (Examples: cancer and genetic mutations)
Nutrient Canals
Stochastic effects
Body of Mandible
Fixer Solution
10. Linear prominence that appears radiopaque.
Radioresistant cells
Ridge
Coherent Scatter
Fixer Solution
11. Suggest that no matter how small the amount of radiation received - some biologic damage occurs.
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Mandibular Canal
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Roentgen
12. Mostly seen in mandibular nerve/blood supply vertical radiolucent lines
Stochastic effects
Genetic cells
Nonthreshold dose-response curve
Nutrient Canals
13. Encases/supports teeth
Milliamperage adjustment
Alveolar Process
Mylohyoid Ridge
Scatter Radiation
14. Somatic effects that have a threshold; effects increase in severity with increasing absorbed dose. (Examples: Erythema - loss of hair - cataracts - and decreased fertility)
Coherent Scatter
Fixer Solution
Nonstochastic (deterministic) effects
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
15. Bony wall that divides 2 spaces - radiopaque
Septum
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
Roentgen
Fixer Solution
16. U-shaped portion extending from ramus to ramus
Fixer Solution
Body of Mandible
Amperage
Inferior Nasal Conchae
17. Can increase or decrease the number of electrons passing through the cathode filament
Milliamperage adjustment
Inverted Y
Periodontal Ligament Space
Amperage
18. Cortical bone - radiopaque band above maxillary incisors
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Inverted Y
General Radiation
19. Area of body exposed total body produced more adverse effects
Free Radical Formation
Indirect injury
Amount of tissue irradiated
Total dose
20. A form of secondary radiation - the result of x-rays that has been deflected from its path by an interaction with matter.
Characteristic Radiation
Scatter Radiation
Nutrient Canals
External Oblique Ridge
21. Scooped out of depressed area of bone that appears radiolucent
Lingual Foramen
Fossa
Alveolar Process
Added filtration
22. Dental x-ray machines operating 70 kVp or below: minimum 1.5 mm aluminum filtration - Dental x-ray machines operating above 70 kVp: minimum of 2.5 mm. of aluminum filtration.
Cortical Bone
Step-Down Transformer
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Inferior Nasal Conchae
23. 8 inch and 16 inch; longer are preferred due to less divergence of beam - open ended and lead lined.
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Stochastic effects
Rectangular and round PID
24. The measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from a negative pole to a positive one. Measured in volts (V) or kilovolts (kV)
Conical PID
Zygoma
Voltage
Mental Foramen
25. Effects seen years - decades - or generations later
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Dose Rate
Submandibular Fossa
Long-term effects
26. Posterior to mandibular third molar
Cell sensitivity
Ramus
Nutrient Canals
Dose Rate
27. Bump of bone - muscle attachment; lingual aspect of mandible - 'ring shaped' radiopacitiy below mandibular incisors.
Short-term effects
Amperage
Genial Tubercles
Ramus
28. An x-ray photon that has its path altered by matter.
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
Mylohyoid Ridge
Step-Down Transformer
Coherent Scatter
29. Located at the midline of anterior portion of hard palate behind maxillary central incisors; round radiolucency between roots of centrals
Mylohyoid Ridge
Scatter Radiation
Inverted Y
Incisive (Nasopalatine) Foramen
30. Superior to internal oblique ridge; anterior border of ramus ends in external oblique ridge; radiopaque band
External Oblique Ridge
Cancellous
Floor of Nasal Cavity
Foramen
31. Sharp - thornlike projection that appears radiopaque.
Mental Foramen
Spine
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Step-Up Transformer
32. 68 Degrees F
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Anterior Nasal Spine
Conical PID
Free Radical Formation
33. Can control the current passing from the cathode to the anode.
Voltage
Contrast
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
General Radiation
34. Aluminum disks between collimator and tubehead seal. Aluminum disks filter long wavelength - low energy x-rays from x-ray beam. 0.5 mm increments
Added filtration
Ridge
Mylohyoid Ridge
Superior Foramina of incisive canal
35. Used to increase incoming voltage to 65 -000 to 100 -000 volts used by the high-voltage circuit.
Step-Up Transformer
Milliamperage adjustment
Somatic cells
Lamina Dura
36. Extends from alveolar bone between maxillary centrals to posterior hard palate; seen as a radiolucent line
Nutrient Canals
The optimum temperature for manual processing?
Median palatine suture
Mylohyoid Ridge
37. 'hooklike' - posterior to maxillary tuberosity; extension of medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone; radiopaque
Hamulus
Genial Tubercles
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Radiosensitive cells
38. Pear shaped compartment - appears above maxillary incisors. Appears as a large radiolucent area above the maxilla.
Roentgen
Ramus
Nasal Cavity/Fossa
Latent Period
39. 'Cortex'-> dense - outer layer; also called compact bone-appears radiopaque on film
Genetic cells
Free Radical Formation
Cortical Bone
Roentgen
40. Darkness or blackness on film. If kVp is increased film will be darker. If decreased - film will be lighter
Internal Oblique Ridge
Density
Cortical Bone
Rem (Roentgen equivalent (in) man)
41. Hollow space - cavity that appears radiolucent
Zygomatic process of maxilla
Sinus
Nutrient Canals
Cell sensitivity
42. Depression of bone; submandibular salivary gland found here; radiolucent; below mylohyoid ridge
Genial Tubercles
Submandibular Fossa
Total dose
Body of Mandible
43. The penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode
Primary Radiation
External Oblique Ridge
Cancellous
Compton Scatter
44. Tubes within maxillary sinus that carry nerves - blood supply - radiolucent band with boundary of two radiopaque cortical bony lines
Conical PID
Rad (Radiation absorbed dose)
Nutrient Canals
Tubercle
45. Surrounds root - cortical bone - radiopaque
Anterior Nasal Spine
Lamina Dura
Mental Foramen
Tubercle
46. Hole in bone below mandibular premolars - blood supply to lower lip exits here; radiolucent; often misdiagnosed for periapical pathology
Somatic cells
Ridge
Mental Foramen
Lateral Fossa
47. Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of observable clinical signs.
Total dose
Radioresistant cells
Latent Period
Short-term effects
48. Between canine and lateral incisor - depression is not always visible - radiolucent
Lateral Fossa
Short-term effects
Direct Injury
Stochastic effects
49. All cells except reproductive; effects are seen in person irradiated
Somatic cells
Total (inherent + added) filtration
Suture
Alveolar Process
50. Located above maxillary premolar/molar teeth - border is made up of cortical bone; sinus cavity is radiolucent compartment
Sinus
Kilovoltage peak adjustment
Fixer Solution
Maxillary sinus