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Reproductive

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. when do primary oocytes complete meiosis I
Just prior to ovulation
Prior c section - multiparity
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile

2. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
Round ligament of uterus
E coli
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Klinefelter's - XXY

3. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
The centrioles
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Smoking - HTN - cocaine

4. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
95%
Medullary
Ectocervix
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation

5. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Krukenburg tumor
Abacterial
Maintenance
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes

6. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
Squamo - columnar jxn
Testosterone
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis

7. > 35 day cycle
Oligomenorrhea
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Squamo - columnar jxn
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis

8. What are the 4 sources of progesterone
Ligament of the ovary
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Granulosa cell tumor
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate

9. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Koilocytitic
Teratoma
Inhibit cGMP breakdown

10. What is a true hermaphrodite
Turner's XO
Tubular carcinoma
Kallman
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY

11. What substances other than inhibin do sertoli cells produce?
Prematurity
Complete
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Menometrorrhagia

12. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria

13. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
55-65
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Male pseudoHerm

14. What do leydig cells secrete?
Testosterone
Oligohydramnios
Hemorrhage
In the 6th decade of life

15. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Immature
Endometriosis
Ectocervix

16. How is prostatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
No
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

17. What does gynecomastia result from?
Menometrorrhagia
Fallopian tube
Hyperestrogenism
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity

18. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Ectocervix
Complete
Immature
Good - late metastasis

19. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
The semiT and the blood vessels
E coli
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease

20. how can struma ovarri present?
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Complete
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue

21. defective decidual later allows placenta to attach to myometrium - massive bleeding after delivery
Placenta acreta
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur

22. 20% of ovarian tumors - benign - lined with fallopian tube like epithelium
Hydrocele
Testis determining factor
Serous cystadenoma
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism

23. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
Down regulation
Medullary
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
During fetal life

24. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Testosterone
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Theca - leutin cysts

25. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Meigs syndrome
95%
Brenner tumor

26. What is indicative of a poor prognosis for endometrial carcinoma
Sertoli cells
Myometrial invasion
Adenomyosis
Peyronie's dz

27. eclampsia
Testosterone
Broad ligament
Myometrial invasion
Preeclampsia + siezures

28. What is the lymphatic drainage of the distal 1/3 of the vagina/scrotum/vulva
Female pseudoHerm
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Decreasing progesterone
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

29. What is the most common form of male pseudoHerm
Maintenance
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Fibrocystic disease
Myometrial invasion

30. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
Estrogen overstimulation
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Partial
Hydatidiform mole

31. attachment of palceta to lower uterine segment that may occlude internal os - painless bleeding in any trimester
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Ectocervix
Placenta previa
Insulin resistance

32. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
Mature teratoma
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Insulin resistance
Fibromas

33. Where is androstenedione made?
Adrenal gland
No
No
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis

34. connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Cardinal ligament
Left
HPV 16 - 18
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis

35. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Peripheral adipose tissue
BPH
Metrorrhagia

36. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Testosterone
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Golgi

37. A leimyoma is overgrowth of what cell
Round ligament of uterus
Partial
No
Smooth muscle

38. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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39. How does progesterone inhibit sperm entry to uterus
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Complete
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

40. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Embryonal carcinoma
Blacks
Feedback inhibition

41. What are the functions of oxytocin - maybe
Placenta previa
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Post menopausal
Smoking - HTN - cocaine

42. What changes in the aorta are common in Turner's?
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Preductal coarctication
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin

43. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Insulin resistance
Preeclampsia clinical
Hemorrhage

44. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Spermatogonia (germ cells)

45. pain with or without bleeding - inc in hCG - sudden lower abdominal pain - mistaken for appendicitis
Ectopic preg
Hemorrhage
Trophoblasts
Inhibition of HCG access

46. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
Varicocele
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal

47. decreased synthesis of gonadotropin in the ant pit - anosmia - lack of secondary sex characteristics
PCOS
Cardinal ligament
Kallman
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery

48. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Preductal coarctication
Testosterone

49. What is the main source of energy for spermatozoa
Oligomenorrhea
Decrease
Vagina
Fructose

50. Where does prostatic adenocarcinoma arise from?
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Fibrocystic disease
Estradiol
Upregulation