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Test your basic knowledge |
Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple
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2. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Endometriosis
Abacterial
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
3. Where is androstenedione made?
Adrenal gland
5 alpha reductase def
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Teratoma
4. What does progesterone do to myometrial excitability
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Paget cell
Decrease
Tunica vaginalis lesions
5. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
6. What are the treatments for BPH
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Cystic
7. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Estrogen overstimulation
8. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Endometrial carcinoma
9. multilocular cyst lined by mucus secreting epi - benign - intestine like
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Corpus luteum cyst
Mucinous cystadenoma
Trophoblasts
10. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Insulin resistance
Testosterone
Prophase
11. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Osteoblastic in bone
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Just prior to ovulation
12. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Granulosa cell tumor
Female pseudoHerm
Testosterone
Mimics LH
13. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
No
69 xxy
2nd week of proliferative phase
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
14. What is the average age of onset for menopause
51 yo
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
15. What is the most common cause of breast lumps from age 25 to menopause
Osteoblastic in bone
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Fibrocystic disease
16. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Corpus luteum cyst
No
Feedback inhibition
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
17. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Metaphase
Fibroadenoma
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Axillary node involvement
18. dilated epididymal duct
Spermatocele
Turner's XO
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
19. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Preeclampsia clinical
Ectocervix
Inhibition of HCG access
Peripheral adipose tissue
20. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Cervix
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Peyronie's dz
21. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
The semiT and the blood vessels
2nd week of proliferative phase
Fibrocystic disease
Post menopausal
22. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Testosterone
One of the centrioles
Para - aortic lymph nodes
23. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Placenta acreta
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
24. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Aortic bicuspid valve
No
Testis determining factor
25. increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Inc AFP and hCG
26. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Uterus
Mitochondria
Menometrorrhagia
27. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Fibroadenoma
HPV 16 - 18
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
28. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Preeclampsia + siezures
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
29. histologic type of fibrocystic with hyperplasia of breast stroma
Fibrosis
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Good - late metastasis
Peripheral adipose tissue
30. What are the functions of oxytocin - maybe
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Partial
Teratoma
31. bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts - pulling sensation in the groin
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Defective androgen receptor
Fibromas
32. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in the 1st week
Klinefelter's - XXY
Low progesterone
Just prior to ovulation
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
33. Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is usually caused By what kind of malignancy
Feedback inhibition
Squamous cell carcinoma
Ectocervix
Just prior to ovulation
34. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Testosterone
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
35. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Paget's disease
36. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Hemorrhage
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Krukenburg tumor
During fetal life
37. When does the secondary oocyte complete meosis II
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38. What are the 3 androgens
Male pseudoHerm
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Hyperestrogenism
39. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
SANS - hypogastric nerve
40. Large bulky breast mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaf like projections
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
S aureus
Phyllodes tumor
Intraductal papilloma
41. benign painless lump - forms as a result of injury to breast tissue - possible history of trauma
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Fat necrosis
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
42. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
17beta estradiol
Oligomenorrhea
Preeclampsia + siezures
Oligohydramnios
43. large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Prior c section - multiparity
Paget cell
Koilocytitic
44. Between What two phases does the sperm acquire the acrosome - flagellum - and middle piece
Chromosomal abnormalities
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Myometrial tumors
Fallopian tube
45. 2 sperm + empty egg
Metrorrhagia
Peripheral adipose tissue
Polymenorrhea
Complete
46. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Partial
Fibromas
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
47. Connects ovary to lateral uterus
Round ligament of the uterus
Prior c section - multiparity
Ligament of the ovary
Cardinal ligament
48. What does gynecomastia result from?
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Increase (and LH)
Hyperestrogenism
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
49. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
S aureus
Inhibit FSH
One of the centrioles
Fibrocystic disease
50. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Placenta acreta
Paget's disease
1 week - 2 weeks
Inhibit cGMP breakdown