SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Hemorrhage
Phyllodes tumor
Teratoma
2. hyperandrogenism due to deranged steroid synthesis by theca cells - inc LH leading to anovulation
PCOS
Krukenburg tumor
95%
Adrenal gland
3. Which system and nerve allow for erection in the male?
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
PANS - pelvic nerve
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
4. ecsematous patches on nipple and/or vulva - suggests underlying carcinoma
5. In what phase is meiosis II arrested
Metaphase
Meigs syndrome
No
46 xx
6. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Oligohydramnios
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
Round ligament of the uterus
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
7. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
8. When is follicular growth the fastest?
Invasive ductal
Oligomenorrhea
2nd week of proliferative phase
Testosterone
9. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Preeclampsia clinical
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
10. hyperplasia - not hypertrophy of the prostate gland
BPH
Malignant in males not in females
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Decreasing progesterone
11. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Koilocytitic
Testis determining factor
Ovary
12. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Partial
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Invasive lobular
Chromosomal abnormalities
13. What does the SRY gene do
1000 times
Increase (and LH)
Testis determining factor
Sclerosing adenosis
14. 20% of ovarian tumors - benign - lined with fallopian tube like epithelium
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Inflammatory
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Serous cystadenoma
15. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Inc AFP and hCG
DIC
Round ligament of the uterus
Adrenal gland
16. small follicles filled with eosinphilic secretions
Oligohydramnios
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
Call exner bodies
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
17. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
S aureus
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
18. distention of unruptured graafian follicle
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Follicular cyst
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
19. What is the karyotype of a partial mole
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Placenta acreta
69 xxy
20. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Serous cystadenoma
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
21. What are the associated risk factors for malignant breast tumors
Teratoma
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Comedocarcinoma
22. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
51 yo
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Golgi
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
23. Wher does dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix usually begin
Squamo - columnar jxn
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
17beta estradiol
24. What converts testosterone to DHT
Post menopausal bleeding
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Endometrial carcinoma
Klinefelter's - XXY
25. What is the most common cause of breast lumps from age 25 to menopause
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Fibrocystic disease
Cardinal ligament
Ovary
26. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Call exner bodies
Osteoblastic in bone
Inhibition LH and FSH
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
27. What are the 4 sources of progesterone
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
Paget cell
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
28. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Medullary
DIC
Theca - leutin cysts
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
29. What is DHT responsible for in early development?
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
30. eclampsia
Preeclampsia + siezures
DIC
Hydatidiform mole
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
31. What increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
Feedback inhibition
Mucinous cystadenoma
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
PCOS
32. breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Acute mastitis
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Estrogen overstimulation
33. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Trophoblasts
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Good - late metastasis
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
34. What is the common presentation of metastasis in prostate cancer
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
PSA
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Estrogen overstimulation
35. How many days after fertilization does implantation occur?
Broad ligament
Acute mastitis
6
Complete
36. Which androgen is responsible for libido
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Testosterone
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Osteoblastic in bone
37. What is mortality due to in preeclampsia
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Primary hypogonadism
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
38. Vaginal sqamous cell carcinoma is most often seconday From which site?
Menometrorrhagia
Cervix
Meigs syndrome
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
39. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Cardinal ligament
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
40. What is the genetic material in the secondary oocyte?
Female pseudoHerm
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Sclerosing adenosis
2 months
41. predisposing factor to clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
Paget cell
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Cystic
42. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Bicornute uterus
Malignant in males not in females
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
43. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
Mucinous cystadenoma
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Maintenance
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
44. What is the flaggelum derived from
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
One of the centrioles
45. What does estrogen stimulate in the endometrium
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Proliferation
Placenta previa
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
46. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Vagina
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
47. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Mature teratoma
Sertoli cell tumor
Aortic bicuspid valve
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
48. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple
49. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Uterus
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
The centrioles
Pseudohermaphroditism
50. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Testosterone
Inflammatory
E coli