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Test your basic knowledge |
Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Corpus luteum cyst
Vagina
Sertoli cell tumor
Intraductal papilloma
2. frequent bu irregular cycles
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Metrorrhagia
3. breast path - diseases of the stroma
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Vagina
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
4. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Post menopausal bleeding
Ectopic preg
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
5. Benign - looks like bladder
Testosterone
Brenner tumor
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Cardinal ligament
6. What are the 3 androgens
Prophase
Mimics LH
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
7. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
Preductal coarctication
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Mucinous cystadenoma
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
8. What changes in the aorta are common in Turner's?
Preductal coarctication
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Maintenance
Inhibition LH and FSH
9. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Endometrial carcinoma
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
10. What is the lymphatic drainage of the distal 1/3 of the vagina/scrotum/vulva
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Invasive lobular
Preeclampsia + siezures
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
11. What is a concern of early menopause
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
12. What is DHT responsible for in late development
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
5 alpha reductase def
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Insulin resistance
13. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Fibroadenoma
Pseudohermaphroditism
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Cystic
14. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Klinefelter's - XXY
Partial
Estrogen overstimulation
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
15. pain with or without bleeding - inc in hCG - sudden lower abdominal pain - mistaken for appendicitis
Ligament of the ovary
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Sertoli cells
Ectopic preg
16. What does estrogen to do prolaction
Endometrial carcinoma
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
PSA
17. When does spermatogenesis begin?
Puberty
Krukenburg tumor
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
18. equivalent to seminoma in the ovary and forms a sheet of uniform cells - marked by hCG and LDH
Cystic
5 alpha reductase def
Dysgerminoma
Preeclampsia
19. What are the four functions of estrogen
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Endometrial carcinoma
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
20. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
No
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Complete
21. What does progesterone do to body temp
Fibroadenoma
Increase
Para - aortic lymph nodes
No
22. in chronic prostatitis is bacterial or abacterial more common
Abacterial
Immature
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
23. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
PSA
Endometriosis
Calcifications
Corpus luteum cyst
24. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
S aureus
Myometrial tumors
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
25. What causes preeclampsia
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Fructose
During fetal life
26. What is HELLP syndrome
Maintenance
Inc risk for carcinoma
Placenta acreta
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
27. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Spermatocele
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
28. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Krukenburg tumor
20 to 40
Metrorrhagia
Tunica vaginalis lesions
29. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Theca - leutin cysts
Embryonal carcinoma
Cystic
Right gonadal vein - IVC
30. What is the typical cell change in HPV infection
Increase
Decreasing progesterone
Estradiol
Koilocytitic
31. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Complete
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Chromosomal abnormalities
SANS - hypogastric nerve
32. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Embryonal carcinoma
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
33. large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Paget cell
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Paget's disease
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
34. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Fibroadenoma
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Koilocytitic
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
35. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Choriocarcinoma
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Choriocarcinoma
S aureus
36. histo: simple columnar epithelium - pseudostratified tubular glands
Uterus
Paget's disease
Inhibition LH and FSH
Metrorrhagia
37. What is the karyotype of a partial mole
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Dysgerminoma
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
69 xxy
38. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Low progesterone
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
39. < 21 day cycle
Placenta previa
Theca - leutin cysts
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Polymenorrhea
40. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Upregulation
Varicocele
41. complications of BPH
Squamo - columnar jxn
Upregulation
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Placenta previa
42. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
Sertoli cells
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
The centrioles
No
43. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
Granulosa cell tumor
Ovary
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
44. How does exogenous testosterone create azoospermia
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Inhibition of HCG access
Koilocytitic
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
45. breast path - diseases of the major duct
Prior c section - multiparity
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Acute mastitis
Preductal coarctication
46. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
47. breast path - diseases of the terminal duct
Tubular carcinoma
Mature teratoma
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Inhibit FSH
48. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Polymenorrhea
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
49. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
Menometrorrhagia
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
6
Paget cell
50. what increases the risk of cryptorchidism
Malignant in males not in females
Hydatidiform mole
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Prematurity