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Reproductive

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Blacks
Paget cell
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Inc AFP and hCG

2. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Complete
Estradiol > estrone > estriol

3. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Abacterial
Fallopian tube
E coli
Osteoblastic in bone

4. histo: stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
DCIS
Vagina
Estrogen overstimulation
Polymenorrhea

5. Which side is varicocele more common on...
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Left
Testosterone
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY

6. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
Post menopausal bleeding
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Adolescents
Menopause

7. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Tubular carcinoma
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage

8. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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9. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Defective androgen receptor

10. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Invasive ductal
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
DCIS

11. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
Mature teratoma
50 times
Testosterone
No

12. What are the associated risk factors for malignant breast tumors
Myometrial invasion
Klinefelter's - XXY
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity

13. Which phase varies and in length and Which is usually 14 days (menstrual cycle)
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
S aureus

14. inc fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
Hydrocele
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Adrenal gland
Granulosa cell tumor

15. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Polymenorrhea
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA

16. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Inhibition of HCG access
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant

17. histo: simple columnar epithelium
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Mature teratoma
Endocervix
Proliferation

18. What are the treatments for PCOS
Partial
Inc AFP and hCG
Insulin resistance
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery

19. complications of BPH
Female pseudoHerm
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
The semiT and the blood vessels
Phyllodes tumor

20. What is the source of estrogen after menopause
17beta estradiol
Mitochondria
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage

21. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Teratoma
Menometrorrhagia
Squamo - columnar jxn
Phyllodes tumor

22. What is the typical cell change in HPV infection
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Koilocytitic
Female pseudoHerm
Invasive ductal

23. 20% of ovarian tumors - benign - lined with fallopian tube like epithelium
Adenomyosis
Serous cystadenoma
Down regulation
DIC

24. predisposing factor to clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Round ligament of the uterus
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Comedocarcinoma

25. >1.5 -2 L of amniotic fluid
Pseudohermaphroditism
Polyhydramnios
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
1000 times

26. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
Female pseudoHerm
PANS - pelvic nerve
Oligohydramnios
95%

27. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
Metaphase
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Phyllodes tumor

28. dx with decreased testosterone - increased LH
Primary hypogonadism
2 months
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Squamo - columnar jxn

29. What does the histo show for prostate cancer
Medullary
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole

30. breast path - diseases of the terminal duct
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
6
Tubular carcinoma
Koilocytitic

31. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
No
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial

32. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Complete
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Preeclampsia clinical

33. breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Abacterial
Acute mastitis
Testosterone
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen

34. What does LH do
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

35. benign painless lump - forms as a result of injury to breast tissue - possible history of trauma
Fat necrosis
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
PSA
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease

36. breast path - diseases of the stroma
Oligomenorrhea
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

37. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Comedocarcinoma
Increased FSH
Inc AFP and hCG
Koilocytitic

38. histo: simple columnar epithelium - pseudostratified tubular glands
Endometrial carcinoma
Oligomenorrhea
Leydig cell tumor
Uterus

39. histological subtype of fibrocystic with inc number of epithelial cell lauers in terminal duct lobule - women over 30
Epithelial hyperplasia
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Mittelschmerz syndrome
No

40. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
DIC
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage

41. What does progesterone do to gonadotropins
Testosterone
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Inhibition LH and FSH

42. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Down regulation
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant

43. frequent bu irregular cycles
Metrorrhagia
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Fallopian tube
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14

44. Where is the enlargement found in BPH
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Inc risk for carcinoma
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

45. Red velvety plaques - usually involving the glans - similar to Bowen's
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary

46. Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is usually caused By what kind of malignancy
Squamous cell carcinoma
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Abacterial
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary

47. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Prematurity
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Inc risk for carcinoma

48. disagreement between the phenotypic and gonadal sex
95%
Relaxation
Pseudohermaphroditism
Delivery of fetus

49. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Post menopausal
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

50. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
Just prior to ovulation
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Sertoli cells