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Reproductive

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Testosterone
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Tunica vaginalis lesions
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery

2. What is DHT responsible for in early development?
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Polymenorrhea
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs

3. What is a true hermaphrodite
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Testosterone
Smooth muscle
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY

4. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Adenomyosis
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

5. how can struma ovarri present?
Abruptio placentae
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Embryonal carcinoma

6. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Maintenance
PANS - pelvic nerve
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
The centrioles

7. What are the effects of prolactin?
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Theca - leutin cysts
Prophase
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

8. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in the 1st week
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Low progesterone
Uterus

9. frequent bu irregular cycles
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
HPV 16 - 18
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Metrorrhagia

10. What is the karyotype of a partial mole
69 xxy
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Endocervix
The semiT and the blood vessels

11. large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Paget cell
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Osteoblastic in bone
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)

12. Uterin fundus to labia majora
Menometrorrhagia
20 to 40
Round ligament of uterus
Endometriosis

13. What are the functions of oxytocin - maybe
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Aortic bicuspid valve
Adrenal gland

14. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Relaxation
Prematurity

15. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Complete
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Partial
Preductal coarctication

16. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
Vagina
Call exner bodies
Adrenal gland
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus

17. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios

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18. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with inc acini and intralobular fibrosis
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Choriocarcinoma
Serous cystadenoma
Sclerosing adenosis

19. breast path - diseases of the major duct
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Sertoli cell tumor
Prior c section - multiparity
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis

20. decreased synthesis of gonadotropin in the ant pit - anosmia - lack of secondary sex characteristics
Decrease
The semiT and the blood vessels
Kallman
Sertoli cell tumor

21. multilocular cyst lined by mucus secreting epi - benign - intestine like
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Mucinous cystadenoma
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands

22. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
Preeclampsia
Insulin resistance
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Fibrosis

23. dilated vein in pampiniform plexus - bag of worms
Varicocele
Low progesterone
Invasive ductal
Menometrorrhagia

24. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
The semiT and the blood vessels
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride

25. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Immature
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Abacterial
Polymenorrhea

26. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Varicocele
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Para - aortic lymph nodes

27. breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
The semiT and the blood vessels
PSA
Acute mastitis

28. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Left
Round ligament of uterus

29. What increase in estriol is an indicator offetal well being in pregnancy
S aureus
1000 times
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen

30. What becomes the main source of hCG
Pseudohermaphroditism
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction

31. When does the secondary oocyte complete meosis II

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32. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
17beta estradiol
Testis determining factor
Intraductal papilloma

33. eclampsia
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Oligohydramnios
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Preeclampsia + siezures

34. What occurs to a fibroadenoma during pregnancy and menstruation and why
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Endometrial carcinoma
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur

35. attachment of palceta to lower uterine segment that may occlude internal os - painless bleeding in any trimester
Fibroadenoma
Testis determining factor
No
Placenta previa

36. What is the average age of onset for menopause
PANS - pelvic nerve
51 yo
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome

37. What does estrogen do to estrogen - LH and progesterone recepotrs
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Invasive ductal
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Upregulation

38. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Feedback inhibition
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Aortic bicuspid valve
Paget's disease

39. What effect does NE have on smoothe muscle in the erectile tissues
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Blacks
DCIS
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

40. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Varicocele
S aureus
Broad ligament

41. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Prior c section - multiparity
2nd week of proliferative phase
Varicocele

42. atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
Kallman
Inc risk for carcinoma
Estradiol
95%

43. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Brenner tumor
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation

44. What complications are associated with polyhydramnios

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45. What is the karyotype of a complete mole
46 xx
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Inc AFP and hCG
Adrenal gland

46. gynecological tumors from highest incidence to lowest
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Testicular lymphoma
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Fat necrosis

47. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
Estrogen overstimulation
Upregulation
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2

48. premature detachment of placenta from implantation site leading to fetal death
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
In the 6th decade of life
Inc risk for carcinoma
Abruptio placentae

49. What is the serum marker for BPH
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
PSA
Testosterone

50. Where is testosterone secreted into?
Testosterone
Cystic
The semiT and the blood vessels
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole