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Reproductive

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. testes present with non male external genitals
Male pseudoHerm
Aortic bicuspid valve
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Turner's XO

2. breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Abruptio placentae
Acute mastitis
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Serous cystadenoma

3. Short stature - ovarian dysgenesis - shield chest - no barr body - webbing of the neck

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4. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Teratoma
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Mitochondria
Aortic bicuspid valve

5. Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation

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6. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
Increased FSH
Post menopausal
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
PSA

7. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Kallman
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Preeclampsia clinical

8. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Theca - leutin cysts
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Invasive ductal
69 xxy

9. decreased estrogen production due to age linked decline in the number of ovarian follices
Varicocele
One of the centrioles
Menopause
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation

10. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
Dysgerminoma
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Choriocarcinoma

11. benign painless lump - forms as a result of injury to breast tissue - possible history of trauma
Adrenal gland
Uterus
Fibrosis
Fat necrosis

12. breast path - diseases of the terminal duct
Tubular carcinoma
Polyhydramnios
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
2 months

13. how can struma ovarri present?
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Good - late metastasis
Fibroadenoma

14. inc AFP - schiller duvel bodies - yellow mucinous
Spermatocele
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Squamo - columnar jxn

15. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Preeclampsia
Testosterone
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Ectocervix

16. How is dyslpasi and carcinoma in situ of the cervix classified
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Call exner bodies
Leydig cell tumor
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli

17. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Kallman
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Production of a thick cervical mucus

18. what metabolic disorder is assocaited with PCOS
Polyhydramnios
Primary hypogonadism
Comedocarcinoma
Insulin resistance

19. What substances other than inhibin do sertoli cells produce?
2nd week of proliferative phase
Teratoma
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone

20. What stimulation after labor induces lactation
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Adrenal gland
Decreasing progesterone
Call exner bodies

21. leiomyoma and leiosarcoma have an increased incidence in which ethnic group
Blacks
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Endometrial carcinoma
E coli

22. What is HELLP syndrome
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Primary hypogonadism
Complete
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23. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Testis determining factor
Ovary
Endometriosis
Inflammatory

24. atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
Sertoli cells
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Inc risk for carcinoma
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors

25. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
Inc risk for carcinoma
Chocolate cyst
Male pseudoHerm
Trophoblasts

26. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Polyhydramnios
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
51 yo

27. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
50 times
Estrogen overstimulation
Theca - leutin cysts
Serous cystadenoma

28. Connects ovaries to lateral pelvic wall - contains ovarian vessels
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Suspensory ligament of ovaries

29. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
DIC
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor

30. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
17beta estradiol
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Polyhydramnios
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause

31. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
Maintenance
69 xxy
Testosterone
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus

32. What converts testosterone to DHT
Male pseudoHerm
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Varicocele

33. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
Choriocarcinoma
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
No
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2

34. What causes preeclampsia
Intraductal papilloma
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Inc AFP and hCG
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone

35. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Golgi
5 alpha reductase def
Endometriosis

36. tumor is ductal with caseous necrosis
The centrioles
Comedocarcinoma
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Meigs syndrome

37. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Follicular cyst
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Intraductal papilloma

38. What is a concern of early menopause
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Teratoma

39. In what phase is meiosis II arrested
Menometrorrhagia
Oligohydramnios
Prophase
Metaphase

40. Where does LH work - what enzyme works there and what product is secreted
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Post menopausal bleeding
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos

41. What do leydig cells secrete?
Testosterone
Krukenburg tumor
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids

42. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Serous cystadenoma
Smooth muscle
No

43. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Peyronie's dz
Granulosa cell tumor
Feedback inhibition
Hydrocele

44. Between What two phases does the sperm acquire the acrosome - flagellum - and middle piece
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Inhibition of HCG access
2 months
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa

45. What is the presentation of prostatitis
Sertoli cells
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Fat necrosis
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain

46. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
Leydig cell tumor
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Osteoblastic in bone

47. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Koilocytitic
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos

48. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple

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49. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Epithelial hyperplasia
Good - late metastasis
Increased FSH
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

50. What are the 3 androgens
Paget's disease
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
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