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Test your basic knowledge |
Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
Placenta previa
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Koilocytitic
2. hyperandrogenism due to deranged steroid synthesis by theca cells - inc LH leading to anovulation
Klinefelter's - XXY
Choriocarcinoma
Estradiol
PCOS
3. malignant - inc hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Hemorrhage
6
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Choriocarcinoma
4. What increase in estriol is an indicator offetal well being in pregnancy
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
1000 times
No
Chocolate cyst
5. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Mature teratoma
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
DCIS
6. What does gynecomastia result from?
Female pseudoHerm
Hyperestrogenism
Kallman
Peyronie's dz
7. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Testosterone
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Choriocarcinoma
Sertoli cell tumor
8. When does spermatogenesis begin?
Puberty
Increased FSH
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Endocervix
9. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
Follicular cyst
Estrogen overstimulation
Relaxation
Good - late metastasis
10. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
Partial
69 xxy
Paget's disease
55-65
11. breast path - diseases of the terminal duct
Tubular carcinoma
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Mucinous cystadenoma
12. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Polyhydramnios
Krukenburg tumor
13. What is the serum marker for BPH
PSA
Hemorrhage
Ectocervix
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
14. How many functional sperm does 1 germ cell creat?
4
Inhibition of HCG access
Insulin resistance
Sertoli cell tumor
15. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in the 1st week
Osteoblastic in bone
Fibroadenoma
Low progesterone
Invasive lobular
16. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Trophoblasts
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Epithelial hyperplasia
Estradiol
17. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios
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18. How does exogenous testosterone create azoospermia
Low progesterone
Testosterone
Choriocarcinoma
Inhibition of HCG access
19. increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
The semiT and the blood vessels
Endocervix
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
20. What does the histo show for prostate cancer
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Metrorrhagia
Theca - leutin cysts
Hydrocele
21. breast path - diseeases of the lobules
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Kallman
Testosterone
22. inc fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Hydrocele
Metrorrhagia
Feedback inhibition
23. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
46 xx
Testosterone
1 week - 2 weeks
24. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Preeclampsia
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
1000 times
25. How is prostatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed
Aortic bicuspid valve
Post menopausal bleeding
Fallopian tube
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
26. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Fibrocystic disease
Sertoli cell tumor
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Menometrorrhagia
27. What are the effects of prolactin?
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Mature teratoma
Metaphase
Choriocarcinoma
28. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Hydatidiform mole
2 months
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Klinefelter's - XXY
29. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
Myometrial invasion
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Hydatidiform mole
No
30. distention of unruptured graafian follicle
95%
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Round ligament of uterus
Follicular cyst
31. What are the treatments for PCOS
Estradiol
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Endocervix
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
32. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Feedback inhibition
Axillary node involvement
Abruptio placentae
33. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Phyllodes tumor
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Brenner tumor
34. Where is testosterone secreted into?
The semiT and the blood vessels
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Bicornute uterus
35. in chronic prostatitis is bacterial or abacterial more common
Abacterial
Estrogen overstimulation
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Fibroadenoma
36. inability to convert testosterone to DHT - limited to genetic males - penis at 12
Prior c section - multiparity
5 alpha reductase def
Oligomenorrhea
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
37. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Hemorrhage
Inflammatory
38. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Endometriosis
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
39. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
PANS - pelvic nerve
Post menopausal
PSA
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
40. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Ectopic preg
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
41. how does BPH present
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Trophoblasts
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
42. How is dyslpasi and carcinoma in situ of the cervix classified
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
1 week - 2 weeks
Adenomyosis
43. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Testosterone
Inhibition LH and FSH
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
44. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Squamo - columnar jxn
Complete
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
45. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Increased FSH
Koilocytitic
DCIS
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
46. decreased synthesis of gonadotropin in the ant pit - anosmia - lack of secondary sex characteristics
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Kallman
Preeclampsia + siezures
47. Uterin fundus to labia majora
Round ligament of uterus
Golgi
5 alpha reductase def
No
48. What hematologic condition is associated with abruptio placentae
E coli
Insulin resistance
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
DIC
49. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
55-65
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
46 xx
50. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Oligomenorrhea
Serous cystadenoma
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue