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Reproductive

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. testes present with non male external genitals
Sertoli cells
HPV 16 - 18
Choriocarcinoma
Male pseudoHerm

2. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - inc freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Prematurity
The centrioles
Choriocarcinoma

3. Between What two phases does the sperm acquire the acrosome - flagellum - and middle piece
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Myometrial invasion

4. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

5. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Chromosomal abnormalities
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
During fetal life
5 alpha reductase def

6. What causes preeclampsia
Medullary
DCIS
Kallman
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone

7. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Aortic bicuspid valve

8. Where is androstenedione made?
Adrenal gland
Ectopic preg
Comedocarcinoma
Fibroadenoma

9. bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts - pulling sensation in the groin
Fibromas
Sertoli cell tumor
S aureus
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle

10. histological subtype of fibrocystic with inc number of epithelial cell lauers in terminal duct lobule - women over 30
Ovary
Epithelial hyperplasia
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Tight junctions between sertoli cells

11. blood from ruptured follicle causing peritoneal irritation that can mimic appendicitis
Comedocarcinoma
1000 times
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14

12. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Theca - leutin cysts
Cervix
20 to 40

13. What is the serum marker for BPH
Placenta acreta
PSA
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

14. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Leydig cell tumor
Relaxation

15. histologic type of fibrocystic with fluid filled - blue dome and ductal dilation
Testosterone
Epithelial hyperplasia
Cystic
Oligomenorrhea

16. breast path - diseeases of the lobules
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Round ligament of uterus
Production of a thick cervical mucus

17. What are the functions of oxytocin - maybe
Ovary
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Inc risk for carcinoma
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

18. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Cervix
Invasive ductal
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Testicular lymphoma

19. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor

20. malignant - inc hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Menopause
Choriocarcinoma
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs

21. malignant - painful - often glandular/papillary morphology testicular germ cell tumor that can differentiate into other tumors
2 months
Embryonal carcinoma
Endometrial carcinoma
Preductal coarctication

22. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Preeclampsia
Corpus luteum cyst
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Proliferation

23. Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation

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24. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
S aureus
Testosterone

25. What are the most common tumors in all females?
Prophase
Paget cell
Myometrial tumors
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

26. What does estrogen to do prolaction
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Insulin resistance
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone

27. predisposing factor to clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
Myometrial tumors
Paget cell
Teratoma
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)

28. What are the most common cause of anovluation

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29. What is a complication of cryptorchidism and why does it occur
Good - late metastasis
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
No
Leydig cell tumor

30. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
4
No
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

31. Which androgens are responsible for the growth spurt of the penis - seminal vesicles - sperm - muscle - RBCs
Testosterone
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Prematurity

32. complications of BPH
Low progesterone
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Metrorrhagia
Smoking - HTN - cocaine

33. What serum markers are associated with embyronal carcinoma
Golgi
Inc AFP and hCG
Estradiol
Preductal coarctication

34. Large bulky breast mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaf like projections
Preeclampsia clinical
Endometrial carcinoma
Insulin resistance
Phyllodes tumor

35. frequent bu irregular cycles
Metrorrhagia
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Squamous cell carcinoma
Serous cystadenocarcinoma

36. What virus is dyslapsia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix associated with
Adenomyosis
HPV 16 - 18
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Testis determining factor

37. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
S aureus
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Choriocarcinoma
1 week - 2 weeks

38. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Meigs syndrome
Testosterone
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Aortic bicuspid valve

39. How is dyslpasi and carcinoma in situ of the cervix classified
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Oligomenorrhea
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
CIN 1 - 2 - 3

40. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Round ligament of the uterus
Hemorrhage
Granulosa cell tumor
Trophoblasts

41. What is the expected increase of estradiol and estrone in pregnancy
Choriocarcinoma
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
50 times
Hydrocele

42. What hematologic condition is associated with abruptio placentae
Endometriosis
Krukenburg tumor
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
DIC

43. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Dysgerminoma
Ectocervix
Metaphase
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

44. What is associated with sclerosing adenosis?
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Pseudohermaphroditism
Calcifications

45. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
17beta estradiol
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Menometrorrhagia

46. > 35 day cycle
Puberty
Follicular cyst
Hemorrhage
Oligomenorrhea

47. What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus
DIC
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis

48. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Complete
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Hydrocele

49. In what phase is meiosis II arrested
No
Metaphase
Ovary
Call exner bodies

50. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Testis determining factor
Adrenal gland
Estrogen overstimulation