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Reproductive

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Delivery of fetus
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
17beta estradiol
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa

2. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
Epithelial hyperplasia
Partial
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Sertoli cells

3. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Female pseudoHerm
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Delivery of fetus

4. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Menopause
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile

5. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
1000 times
Ectocervix
Complete

6. Connects uterus - fallopian tubes and ovaries to pelvic side wall - contains ovaries - fallapian tubes - and round ligaments of uterus
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Complete
DCIS
Broad ligament

7. What becomes the main source of hCG
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Trophoblasts
Follicular cyst
Cervix

8. what metabolic disorder is assocaited with PCOS
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Vagina
Preductal coarctication
Insulin resistance

9. What are the 4 sources of progesterone
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Primary hypogonadism
Inflammatory
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes

10. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Partial
Myometrial tumors
Paget cell

11. What does the histo show for prostate cancer
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Defective androgen receptor
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal

12. Benign - looks like bladder
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Brenner tumor
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant

13. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Bicornute uterus
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
No
Varicocele

14. When does spermatogenesis begin?
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Puberty
Spermatocele
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile

15. testicular masses that can be transilluminated
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Uterus
The semiT and the blood vessels
Aortic bicuspid valve

16. What is the lymphatic drainage of the distal 1/3 of the vagina/scrotum/vulva
Fat necrosis
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

17. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
One of the centrioles
Menometrorrhagia
Preeclampsia clinical

18. complications of BPH
Peripheral adipose tissue
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant

19. What does progesterone do in the endometrium
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Increase
E coli

20. What changes in the aorta are common in Turner's?
Calcifications
1 week - 2 weeks
Preductal coarctication
Prior c section - multiparity

21. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
50 times
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Aortic bicuspid valve
PANS - pelvic nerve

22. How is dyslpasi and carcinoma in situ of the cervix classified
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain

23. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Leydig cell tumor
Testis determining factor
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens

24. Where is testosterone secreted into?
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
The semiT and the blood vessels
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity

25. What are the most common cause of anovluation

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26. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Theca - leutin cysts
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus

27. what increases the risk of cryptorchidism
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Broad ligament
Upregulation
Prematurity

28. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
No
Broad ligament
Fibrocystic disease
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant

29. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
No
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Leydig cell tumor
Invasive ductal

30. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
95%
Inhibit FSH
Partial
4

31. breast path - diseases of the lactiferous sinus
Inc risk for carcinoma
Inflammatory
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis

32. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Chocolate cyst
In the 6th decade of life
Choriocarcinoma
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor

33. What are causes of female pseudoHerm
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Peripheral adipose tissue
2 months

34. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
Endometriosis
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate

35. How does progesterone inhibit sperm entry to uterus
In the 6th decade of life
Adenomyosis
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Production of a thick cervical mucus

36. What are the 3 androgens
Squamous cell carcinoma
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Prior c section - multiparity

37. What is the prognosis for seminoma
Good - late metastasis
Adrenal gland
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Mucinous cystadenoma

38. Where is the enlargement found in BPH
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Endometrial carcinoma
Increased FSH
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle

39. malignant - painful - often glandular/papillary morphology testicular germ cell tumor that can differentiate into other tumors
Embryonal carcinoma
Myometrial invasion
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease

40. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Intraductal papilloma
Invasive ductal
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta

41. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Relaxation
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Prophase
Decrease

42. What does progesterone do for pregnancy
Maintenance
Testicular lymphoma
Inhibition of HCG access
Calcifications

43. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Post menopausal bleeding
Puberty

44. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Post menopausal bleeding
S aureus
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli

45. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Theca - leutin cysts
Prior c section - multiparity
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate

46. What are the treatments for PCOS
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Comedocarcinoma
PANS - pelvic nerve
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery

47. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Medullary
Fallopian tube
Golgi
Paget's disease - breast abscess

48. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Sertoli cell tumor
Immature
Feedback inhibition
Inflammatory

49. breast path - diseases of the stroma
Invasive ductal
Primary hypogonadism
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Puberty

50. What is a true hermaphrodite
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Preeclampsia
Menometrorrhagia
Inhibit FSH