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Reproductive

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Preductal coarctication
Preeclampsia
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'

2. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Round ligament of the uterus
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Invasive ductal
Myometrial tumors

3. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
S aureus
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Endometrial carcinoma

4. What does inhibin do?
Inhibition of HCG access
Preeclampsia
Inhibit FSH
Intraductal papilloma

5. What is the genetic material in the secondary oocyte?
6
69 xxy
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
5 alpha reductase def

6. Where is the enlargement found in BPH
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
DIC

7. What causes preeclampsia
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Decreasing progesterone

8. When does the secondary oocyte complete meosis II

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9. Does a leiomyoma progress to leiosarcoma
Spermatocele
Metaphase
1000 times
No

10. bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts - pulling sensation in the groin
Fibromas
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Fallopian tube
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

11. blood from ruptured follicle causing peritoneal irritation that can mimic appendicitis
Calcifications
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Intraductal papilloma
Mittelschmerz syndrome

12. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
Trophoblasts
Post menopausal
Theca - leutin cysts
Turner's XO

13. Wher does dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix usually begin
Squamo - columnar jxn
Oligohydramnios
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
No

14. What does progesterone do in the endometrium
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors

15. < 21 day cycle
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Cystic
Polymenorrhea

16. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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17. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Female pseudoHerm
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
46 xx

18. What increase in estriol is an indicator offetal well being in pregnancy
Tubular carcinoma
Fibroadenoma
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
1000 times

19. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
The semiT and the blood vessels
Ligament of the ovary
Endometrial carcinoma
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen

20. What is the average age of onset for menopause
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
4
Peyronie's dz
51 yo

21. Which androgen is responsible for the deepening of the voice
Testosterone
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Complete
Choriocarcinoma

22. What cellular structure is the acrosome derived from?
Epithelial hyperplasia
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Golgi
No

23. can present as precocious puberty in kids - can cause endometrial hyperplasia/carinoma in adults - abnormal uterine bleeding
Increase (and LH)
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Granulosa cell tumor

24. What is the expected increase of estradiol and estrone in pregnancy
Bicornute uterus
Smooth muscle
50 times
Hydatidiform mole

25. Where does LH work - what enzyme works there and what product is secreted
Placenta acreta
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation

26. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Delivery of fetus
Defective androgen receptor
95%

27. Which hydatidiform mole has the greater risk for malignancy
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Complete
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone

28. histo: simple columnar epithelium
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Testicular lymphoma
Cardinal ligament
Endocervix

29. is fibroadenoma a precursor to breast cancer
No
Peripheral conversion of androgens
DCIS
Abruptio placentae

30. What converts testosterone to DHT
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Squamous cell carcinoma
Bicornute uterus

31. When are phyllodes tumors most common
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Metrorrhagia
In the 6th decade of life
Theca - leutin cysts

32. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Osteoblastic in bone
One of the centrioles
S aureus
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase

33. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Teratoma
Preeclampsia
Ovary

34. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Theca - leutin cysts
Inflammatory
Inhibit cGMP breakdown

35. What does LH do
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle

36. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
Abacterial
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Down regulation
Kallman

37. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Medullary
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Prophase
Increase (and LH)

38. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
55-65

39. Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is usually caused By what kind of malignancy
DCIS
Squamous cell carcinoma
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Inhibit FSH

40. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Theca - leutin cysts

41. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
Fallopian tube
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Serous cystadenocarcinoma

42. What is the main source of energy for spermatozoa
Fructose
Upregulation
Maintenance
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL

43. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Metrorrhagia
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Increase

44. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Complete
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Menometrorrhagia
Primary hypogonadism

45. What hematologic condition is associated with abruptio placentae
Fibroadenoma
Testosterone
PSA
DIC

46. defect in androgen receptor resulting in normal appearing female - rudimentry vagina - no uterus or uterine tubes
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Decreasing progesterone
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY

47. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
Fallopian tube
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Complete

48. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Uterus
Immature

49. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Invasive ductal
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity

50. defective decidual later allows placenta to attach to myometrium - massive bleeding after delivery
Testosterone
Placenta acreta
Mitochondria
Choriocarcinoma