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Test your basic knowledge |
Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Spermatocele
Bicornute uterus
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Testosterone
2. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Endocervix
Increase
Adenomyosis
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
3. Benign - looks like bladder
Smooth muscle
Fibroadenoma
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Brenner tumor
4. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
Upregulation
1 week - 2 weeks
Call exner bodies
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
5. leiomyoma and leiosarcoma have an increased incidence in which ethnic group
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Testosterone
Estradiol
Blacks
6. What does the tail go onto to form
Krukenburg tumor
Menopause
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
The centrioles
7. What causes preeclampsia
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
8. premature detachment of placenta from implantation site leading to fetal death
Chocolate cyst
Complete
Abruptio placentae
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
9. attachment of palceta to lower uterine segment that may occlude internal os - painless bleeding in any trimester
Seminoma
Sclerosing adenosis
Klinefelter's - XXY
Placenta previa
10. testes present with non male external genitals
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Male pseudoHerm
Polymenorrhea
Increase
11. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Acute mastitis
Ovary
Immature
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
12. hyperplasia - not hypertrophy of the prostate gland
BPH
Abruptio placentae
Cervix
Peripheral conversion of androgens
13. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
No
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
14. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and secrete inhibin
Round ligament of uterus
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Sertoli cells
15. What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
DIC
Corpus luteum cyst
Metrorrhagia
16. ovaries plus virilized external genitalia due to excessive and inappropriate exposure to androgenic steroids during early gestation
Intraductal papilloma
95%
Female pseudoHerm
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
17. What is the most common cause of breast lumps from age 25 to menopause
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Ectopic preg
Pseudohermaphroditism
Fibrocystic disease
18. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Teratoma
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
19. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
95%
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
20. in males - are mature teratomas malignant? What is the case for females
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Malignant in males not in females
Inhibition of HCG access
Comedocarcinoma
21. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Complete
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Leydig cell tumor
22. breast path - diseases of the lactiferous sinus
2nd week of proliferative phase
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Testosterone
Paget's disease
23. can present as precocious puberty in kids - can cause endometrial hyperplasia/carinoma in adults - abnormal uterine bleeding
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Granulosa cell tumor
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
17beta estradiol
24. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
Mitochondria
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Adolescents
Low progesterone
25. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple
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26. dilated epididymal duct
Pseudohermaphroditism
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Spermatocele
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
27. What is a concern of early menopause
Squamo - columnar jxn
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Leydig cell tumor
HPV 16 - 18
28. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Dysgerminoma
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
29. What is the main source of energy for spermatozoa
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Metrorrhagia
Fructose
Aortic bicuspid valve
30. < 21 day cycle
DIC
Myometrial invasion
Ectocervix
Polymenorrhea
31. breast path - diseeases of the lobules
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Testosterone
Oligohydramnios
32. breast path - diseases of the major duct
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Prior c section - multiparity
Hydrocele
33. Uterin fundus to labia majora
Round ligament of uterus
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Prematurity
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
34. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Trophoblasts
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Osteoblastic in bone
35. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Fat necrosis
Comedocarcinoma
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
36. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Placenta acreta
Hydrocele
Male pseudoHerm
Prophase
37. how can struma ovarri present?
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Low progesterone
Increase (and LH)
38. Complication of retained placental tissue
Increase
17beta estradiol
Hemorrhage
The centrioles
39. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Partial
50 times
Mature teratoma
Testicular lymphoma
40. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
Endometrial carcinoma
17beta estradiol
51 yo
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
41. tumor is ductal with caseous necrosis
Comedocarcinoma
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Bicornute uterus
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
42. breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Acute mastitis
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
55-65
SANS - hypogastric nerve
43. atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Inc risk for carcinoma
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
44. Where does LH work - what enzyme works there and what product is secreted
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Serous cystadenoma
45. what structures supplies the energy to the middle piece (neck)
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Mitochondria
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Hydatidiform mole
46. malignant - painless homogenous testicular enlargement - most common testicular tumor - affecting males ages 15 to 3 - large cells in lobules with watery cytoplasm and a 'fried egg' appearnace
Male pseudoHerm
Vagina
Seminoma
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
47. inc fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
6
Hydrocele
Menopause
48. What is the pattern seen in leiomyoma
Fallopian tube
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Mucinous cystadenoma
Hydrocele
49. Dermal lymphatic invasion by breast carcinoma - peu d orange
Inflammatory
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Follicular cyst
Ligament of the ovary
50. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Comedocarcinoma
Insulin resistance
Aortic bicuspid valve