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Test your basic knowledge |
Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What causes preeclampsia
Pseudohermaphroditism
No
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
2. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
Endometrial carcinoma
Just prior to ovulation
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
3. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Krukenburg tumor
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
4. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Complete
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Post menopausal bleeding
HPV 16 - 18
5. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
S aureus
Maintenance
6. What does the tail go onto to form
The centrioles
Complete
Oligomenorrhea
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
7. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Partial
Mimics LH
Preeclampsia
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
8. inc AFP - schiller duvel bodies - yellow mucinous
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Complete
Ectopic preg
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
9. disagreement between the phenotypic and gonadal sex
Embryonal carcinoma
Increased FSH
Maintenance
Pseudohermaphroditism
10. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
95%
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
11. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Relaxation
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
12. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Choriocarcinoma
Blacks
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
13. breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Sertoli cells
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Acute mastitis
14. How does exogenous testosterone create azoospermia
Inhibition of HCG access
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Adolescents
15. in chronic prostatitis is bacterial or abacterial more common
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Left
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Abacterial
16. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
Placenta acreta
Feedback inhibition
Spermatocele
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
17. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Oligohydramnios
Testosterone
Krukenburg tumor
Round ligament of the uterus
18. What are the effects of prolactin?
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Chocolate cyst
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
19. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
Turner's XO
Spermatocele
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Chromosomal abnormalities
20. What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus
Ectocervix
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Leydig cell tumor
21. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Round ligament of the uterus
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Testosterone
Menometrorrhagia
22. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Maintenance
Meigs syndrome
Insulin resistance
23. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
PANS - pelvic nerve
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Epithelial hyperplasia
24. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Seminoma
Chromosomal abnormalities
Squamo - columnar jxn
Vagina
25. A leimyoma is overgrowth of what cell
Osteoblastic in bone
Fallopian tube
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Smooth muscle
26. premature detachment of placenta from implantation site leading to fetal death
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Complete
Fibrocystic disease
Abruptio placentae
27. Which androgen is responsible for the deepening of the voice
Inflammatory
Cystic
Testosterone
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
28. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Peripheral adipose tissue
Epithelial hyperplasia
Proliferation
29. Vaginal sqamous cell carcinoma is most often seconday From which site?
No
Cervix
Brenner tumor
Koilocytitic
30. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Delivery of fetus
Chromosomal abnormalities
Testosterone
Immature
31. What does hCG do in the first trimester to maintain the corpus luteum
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Mimics LH
Myometrial invasion
32. What is a potential complication of endometrial hyperplasia
Hemorrhage
Endometrial carcinoma
Vagina
Round ligament of uterus
33. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
34. What increase in estriol is an indicator offetal well being in pregnancy
55-65
Just prior to ovulation
1000 times
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
35. 2 sperm + empty egg
Calcifications
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Complete
Choriocarcinoma
36. endometrium within the myometrium
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Adenomyosis
Metrorrhagia
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
37. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Aortic bicuspid valve
Inhibition LH and FSH
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Fructose
38. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Decreasing progesterone
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Seminoma
39. Where is SCC of the penis more common and What is it associated with
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
40. What is the single most important prognostic factor for malignant breast tumors
Sertoli cells
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Paget's disease
Axillary node involvement
41. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Trophoblasts
Testosterone
1 week - 2 weeks
Partial
42. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Endometriosis
Testosterone
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
43. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
Preductal coarctication
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Proliferation
44. Why does the skin resemble an orange peel in inflammatory type of maligantn breast tumor
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Intraductal papilloma
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
45. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function
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46. What are the treatments for PCOS
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
47. > 35 day cycle
Oligomenorrhea
Fibrocystic disease
Choriocarcinoma
Preeclampsia clinical
48. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Post menopausal
Inflammatory
Theca - leutin cysts
No
49. Which side is varicocele more common on...
2nd week of proliferative phase
No
Left
Low progesterone
50. What is HELLP syndrome
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets