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Test your basic knowledge |
Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the prognosis for seminoma
Good - late metastasis
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Squamo - columnar jxn
6
2. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Mimics LH
Brenner tumor
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Ectocervix
3. how does BPH present
Complete
Choriocarcinoma
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
4. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Relaxation
Preeclampsia + siezures
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Endocervix
5. malignant - inc hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Choriocarcinoma
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Defective androgen receptor
Invasive ductal
6. What are the treatments for PCOS
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Preeclampsia clinical
Kallman
PSA
7. Which hydatidiform mole has the greater risk for malignancy
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Adrenal gland
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Complete
8. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Seminoma
9. What does progesterone do to gonadotropins
PCOS
Inhibition LH and FSH
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Decreasing progesterone
10. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Paget's disease - breast abscess
The semiT and the blood vessels
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Tunica vaginalis lesions
11. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Mature teratoma
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
12. eclampsia
Corpus luteum cyst
Preeclampsia clinical
Preeclampsia + siezures
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
13. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Immature
Phyllodes tumor
Adenomyosis
14. Does a leiomyoma progress to leiosarcoma
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Squamo - columnar jxn
Testosterone
No
15. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
Cervix
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Phyllodes tumor
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
16. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Preeclampsia clinical
Oligomenorrhea
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
17. large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Paget cell
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Comedocarcinoma
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
18. What stimulation after labor induces lactation
Decreasing progesterone
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Defective androgen receptor
Invasive ductal
19. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Preeclampsia clinical
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Serous cystadenoma
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
20. Large bulky breast mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaf like projections
Partial
Paget's disease
Fructose
Phyllodes tumor
21. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Ovary
Metaphase
Fructose
22. How is prostatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Fat necrosis
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
23. benign painless lump - forms as a result of injury to breast tissue - possible history of trauma
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Fat necrosis
Vagina
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
24. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Inflammatory
PSA
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Round ligament of the uterus
25. < 21 day cycle
Varicocele
Low progesterone
Polymenorrhea
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
26. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Ectocervix
Brenner tumor
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Metrorrhagia
27. How many functional sperm does 1 germ cell creat?
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
4
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
28. Where is the enlargement found in BPH
Preeclampsia clinical
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
29. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
DCIS
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Complete
30. distention of unruptured graafian follicle
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Post menopausal bleeding
Follicular cyst
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
31. breast path - diseases of the stroma
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Testosterone
32. What are the most common cause of anovluation
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33. How does exogenous testosterone create azoospermia
During fetal life
The centrioles
Paget cell
Inhibition of HCG access
34. atypical cells in epithelial hyperplasia
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Just prior to ovulation
Inc risk for carcinoma
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
35. histo: stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
Estrogen overstimulation
Vagina
Endometrial carcinoma
PCOS
36. premature detachment of placenta from implantation site leading to fetal death
Down regulation
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Abruptio placentae
Paget cell
37. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Metaphase
38. breast path - diseases of the major duct
Invasive ductal
Paget cell
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
39. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
Inhibit FSH
40. Connects ovary to lateral uterus
Estrogen overstimulation
Ligament of the ovary
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
41. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
Complete
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Left
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
42. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Prior c section - multiparity
5 alpha reductase def
Kallman
43. histological subtype of fibrocystic with inc number of epithelial cell lauers in terminal duct lobule - women over 30
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
6
Epithelial hyperplasia
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
44. gynecological tumors from highest incidence to lowest
DIC
Polyhydramnios
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Invasive lobular
45. leiomyoma and leiosarcoma have an increased incidence in which ethnic group
Blacks
Metrorrhagia
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
46. histo: simple columnar epithelium
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Endocervix
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Acute mastitis
47. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Mucinous cystadenoma
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
During fetal life
Axillary node involvement
48. vaginal carcinoma affecting girls < 4 spindle shaped tumors cells that are desmin positive
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant
Endometrial carcinoma
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Epithelial hyperplasia
49. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Theca - leutin cysts
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Decrease
50. can present as precocious puberty in kids - can cause endometrial hyperplasia/carinoma in adults - abnormal uterine bleeding
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Granulosa cell tumor