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Reproductive

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Overexpression of which receptors is common iwht malignant breast tumors
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism

2. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
55-65
In the 6th decade of life
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Testosterone

3. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Oligomenorrhea
Choriocarcinoma
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Invasive ductal

4. Does a leiomyoma progress to leiosarcoma
Testis determining factor
Brenner tumor
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
No

5. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Adenomyosis
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Sertoli cell tumor
Round ligament of the uterus

6. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
Fat necrosis
Post menopausal
Choriocarcinoma
Sclerosing adenosis

7. breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
5 alpha reductase def
Acute mastitis
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Fat necrosis

8. What is the prognosis for seminoma
Ectocervix
Good - late metastasis
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
No

9. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 1st trimester
Chromosomal abnormalities
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Spermatocele

10. Where does prostatic adenocarcinoma arise from?
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Cystic

11. What do sildenafil and vardenafil do?
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Prematurity

12. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - inc freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Meigs syndrome
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Choriocarcinoma

13. When is follicular growth the fastest?
69 xxy
Inc risk for carcinoma
2nd week of proliferative phase
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection

14. dilated vein in pampiniform plexus - bag of worms
Varicocele
6
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Peyronie's dz

15. What is the karyotype of a complete mole
46 xx
Adrenal gland
Round ligament of the uterus
Testosterone

16. Which cells line the seminiferous tubules and maintain germ pool and produce primary spermatocytes
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Blacks
Peripheral adipose tissue

17. Where is androstenedione made?
Adrenal gland
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Tunica vaginalis lesions

18. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Increased FSH
Polymenorrhea
Aortic bicuspid valve
Inhibit cGMP breakdown

19. multilocular cyst lined by mucus secreting epi - benign - intestine like
Defective androgen receptor
S aureus
Pseudohermaphroditism
Mucinous cystadenoma

20. Connects uterus - fallopian tubes and ovaries to pelvic side wall - contains ovaries - fallapian tubes - and round ligaments of uterus
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Calcifications
Complete
Broad ligament

21. What are the treatments for PCOS
Round ligament of uterus
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure

22. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Theca - leutin cysts
Epithelial hyperplasia
Krukenburg tumor
Smoking - HTN - cocaine

23. how does BPH present
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Hemorrhage
Squamous cell carcinoma
Brenner tumor

24. malignant - inc hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Proliferation
Endometrial carcinoma
Choriocarcinoma

25. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
The semiT and the blood vessels
Testosterone
Osteoblastic in bone

26. What increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Polymenorrhea
Fibrosis
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes

27. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Complete
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Klinefelter's - XXY

28. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Squamous cell carcinoma
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal

29. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Preductal coarctication
DIC
Fibroadenoma

30. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Female pseudoHerm
Endometrial carcinoma
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Calcifications

31. What is the treatment for preeclampsia
Delivery of fetus
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Blacks

32. Which hydatidiform mole has the greater risk for malignancy
Complete
Testosterone
Granulosa cell tumor
Cystic

33. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
Estrogen overstimulation
Acute mastitis
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Ectocervix

34. headache - blurred vision - abdominal pain - edema of face and extremeties - altered mentation - hyperreflexia in pregnancy
Inflammatory
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Preeclampsia clinical
Call exner bodies

35. What effect does NE have on smoothe muscle in the erectile tissues
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism

36. What are the most common tumors in all females?
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
6
Aortic bicuspid valve
Myometrial tumors

37. 2 sperm + empty egg
Complete
Fallopian tube
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis

38. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
5 alpha reductase def
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)

39. What does gynecomastia result from?
Hyperestrogenism
E coli
Choriocarcinoma
Testis determining factor

40. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Bicornute uterus
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Broad ligament

41. What is the lymphatic drainage the ovaries/testis
Inc AFP and hCG
Preductal coarctication
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome

42. what stimulation is required to maintain milk production and What is the pathway
Testosterone
Fibroadenoma
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis

43. Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is usually caused By what kind of malignancy
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
BPH
Squamous cell carcinoma

44. dx with decreased testosterone and decreased LH
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle

45. What does the SRY gene do
Abacterial
Testis determining factor
Corpus luteum cyst
CIN 1 - 2 - 3

46. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Testosterone
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Maintenance

47. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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48. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Ovary
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos

49. connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Cardinal ligament
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Partial

50. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Hydatidiform mole
Mitochondria
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Immature