SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Reproductive
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
health-sciences
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are common causes of hyperestrogenism
2. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Proliferation
Endometriosis
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Fibrosis
3. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
No
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Sertoli cell tumor
4. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
No
Complete
Granulosa cell tumor
5. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with inc acini and intralobular fibrosis
Sclerosing adenosis
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Delivery of fetus
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
6. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Mimics LH
Ectocervix
DIC
7. malignant - inc hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Hydatidiform mole
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Choriocarcinoma
Call exner bodies
8. Where is androstenedione made?
Adrenal gland
Phyllodes tumor
Smooth muscle
Pseudohermaphroditism
9. dilated vein in pampiniform plexus - bag of worms
Varicocele
Calcifications
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Osteoblastic in bone
10. 2 sperm + empty egg
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Complete
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
11. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
Chromosomal abnormalities
PANS - pelvic nerve
No
12. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Aortic bicuspid valve
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Follicular cyst
Endometrial carcinoma
13. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
14. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Leydig cell tumor
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Male pseudoHerm
15. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
Complete
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
46 xx
16. Which side is varicocele more common on...
Left
Immature
Testosterone
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
17. defect in androgen receptor resulting in normal appearing female - rudimentry vagina - no uterus or uterine tubes
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Down regulation
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
18. What do leydig cells secrete?
Upregulation
Fructose
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Testosterone
19. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
DIC
Paget cell
20. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Metrorrhagia
Pseudohermaphroditism
Intraductal papilloma
4
21. What is the genetic material in the secondary oocyte?
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Intraductal papilloma
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
During fetal life
22. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Inhibition of HCG access
Upregulation
23. Which cells secrete beta hCG
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Trophoblasts
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
46 xx
24. tumor with orderly row of cells - often multiple and bilateral
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Invasive lobular
Myometrial invasion
25. Where is SCC of the penis more common and What is it associated with
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Inc AFP and hCG
26. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Squamo - columnar jxn
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
27. tumor is fleshy - cellular - with a lymphocytic infiltrate - good prognosis
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Leydig cell tumor
Medullary
28. how does BPH present
Kallman
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Intraductal papilloma
29. What pathologic states cause increases in hCG
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Inhibition of HCG access
30. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Increase
Chromosomal abnormalities
31. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Hyperestrogenism
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
32. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Corpus luteum cyst
Kallman
Peripheral adipose tissue
33. hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Corpus luteum cyst
Aortic bicuspid valve
34. inc fluid secondary to incomplete fustion with processus vaginalis
Follicular cyst
Round ligament of the uterus
Down regulation
Hydrocele
35. connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Cardinal ligament
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
36. What is the treatment for hydatidiform mole
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
E coli
Choriocarcinoma
37. How does progesterone inhibit sperm entry to uterus
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Inhibition of HCG access
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
38. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
46 xx
Maintenance
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Adolescents
39. What is the main source of energy for spermatozoa
Prematurity
Male pseudoHerm
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Fructose
40. What does estrogen stimulate in the endometrium
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Proliferation
41. What is the karyotype of a complete mole
Vagina
No
46 xx
1000 times
42. hyperplasia - not hypertrophy of the prostate gland
BPH
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Primary hypogonadism
Polymenorrhea
43. Red velvety plaques - usually involving the glans - similar to Bowen's
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
44. < 21 day cycle
Polymenorrhea
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Hydatidiform mole
45. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Sertoli cells
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
46. Connects uterus - fallopian tubes and ovaries to pelvic side wall - contains ovaries - fallapian tubes - and round ligaments of uterus
Broad ligament
Tubular carcinoma
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
47. small follicles filled with eosinphilic secretions
Fructose
Polymenorrhea
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Call exner bodies
48. attachment of palceta to lower uterine segment that may occlude internal os - painless bleeding in any trimester
Sertoli cell tumor
Placenta previa
Post menopausal bleeding
Koilocytitic
49. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Abruptio placentae
Suckling - inc oxytocin - prolactin
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
50. tumor is ductal with caseous necrosis
Comedocarcinoma
BPH
Choriocarcinoma
2nd week of proliferative phase