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Reproductive

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What causes preeclampsia
Broad ligament
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
1 week - 2 weeks

2. What is DHT responsible for in late development
Sclerosing adenosis
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Mimics LH

3. histo: simple columnar epithelium - ciliated
5 alpha reductase def
Fallopian tube
Turner's XO
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause

4. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Phyllodes tumor
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
The semiT and the blood vessels

5. What is the risk for carcinoma among patients with intraductal papilloma
Call exner bodies
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Increased FSH
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY

6. What is the clinical manifestation of PCOS
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Serous cystadenoma
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Sertoli cell tumor

7. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
Menopause
Preductal coarctication
Para - aortic lymph nodes
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility

8. Which androgens are responsible for the growth spurt of the penis - seminal vesicles - sperm - muscle - RBCs
Testosterone
Varicocele
Turner's XO
SANS - hypogastric nerve

9. What is the main source of energy for spermatozoa
Myometrial tumors
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Fructose

10. tumor is ductal with caseous necrosis
55-65
Krukenburg tumor
Comedocarcinoma
Tight junctions between sertoli cells

11. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Intraductal papilloma
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Right gonadal vein - IVC

12. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Cardinal ligament
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Estrogen overstimulation

13. What are causes of female pseudoHerm
Increased FSH
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Axillary node involvement

14. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Aortic bicuspid valve
The centrioles

15. What is indicative of a poor prognosis for endometrial carcinoma
55-65
Myometrial invasion
Teratoma
Delivery of fetus

16. What is the average age of onset for menopause
BPH
Fibroadenoma
51 yo
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage

17. is fibroadenoma a precursor to breast cancer
Increase
Adolescents
No
Aortic bicuspid valve

18. What does SEVEN Up stand for in regards to the pathway of sperm
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Fallopian tube
Partial
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone

19. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Testosterone
Teratoma
Chocolate cyst
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA

20. inc AFP - schiller duvel bodies - yellow mucinous
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Round ligament of the uterus
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Estradiol

21. What is the typical cell change in HPV infection
Koilocytitic
Mucinous cystadenoma
Testosterone
Endometrial carcinoma

22. heavy - irregular menstruation at irregular intervals
Menometrorrhagia
Endometrial carcinoma
Broad ligament
Polymenorrhea

23. Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation

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24. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
Ectopic preg
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Chocolate cyst
Mittelschmerz syndrome

25. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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26. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Low back pain with increased serum alk phos
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Peripheral adipose tissue
Increase

27. premature detachment of placenta from implantation site leading to fetal death
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
Primary hypogonadism
Abruptio placentae

28. Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is usually caused By what kind of malignancy
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Squamous cell carcinoma
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile

29. What does progesterone do to myometrial excitability
Squamous cell carcinoma
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Inc risk for carcinoma
Decrease

30. What are the effects of prolactin?
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
No
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)

31. What is the karyotype of a partial mole
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
69 xxy

32. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Osteoblastic in bone
E coli
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy

33. Which system and nerve allow for erection in the male?
PANS - pelvic nerve
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Sclerosing adenosis

34. >1.5 -2 L of amniotic fluid
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Relaxation
2 months
Polyhydramnios

35. What is the source of estrogen after menopause
During fetal life
Immature
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

36. Which androgen is responsible for the closing of the epiphyseal plate
Preeclampsia
Klinefelter's - XXY
Testosterone
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY

37. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - inc freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Myometrial invasion
Choriocarcinoma
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate

38. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Serous cystadenoma
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
S aureus

39. What does progesterone do in the endometrium
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
Preductal coarctication
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

40. What does inhibin do?
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
HPV 16 - 18
Inhibit FSH
Partial

41. What is the genetic material in the secondary oocyte?
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Complete

42. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Mitochondria
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Embryonal carcinoma
Hydatidiform mole

43. What is the genetic material in the primary oocyte?
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
20 to 40
Myometrial invasion

44. testes present with non male external genitals
Ectopic preg
Male pseudoHerm
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Round ligament of uterus

45. histo: stratified sqamous epithelium
Kallman
Prior c section - multiparity
Ectocervix
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL

46. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios

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47. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Seminoma
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
DCIS
Androgen insensitivity syndrome

48. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
Hydrocele
Follicular cyst
Estrogen overstimulation
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone

49. hyperplasia - not hypertrophy of the prostate gland
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
BPH
Inhibition LH and FSH
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes

50. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
Choriocarcinoma
Malignant in males not in females
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Abacterial