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Reproductive

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. breast path - diseases of the terminal duct
Tubular carcinoma
Cervix
Just prior to ovulation
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria

2. is fibroadenoma a precursor to breast cancer
No
In the 6th decade of life
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development

3. dilated epididymal duct
Mittelschmerz syndrome
PCOS
Female pseudoHerm
Spermatocele

4. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Immature
Granulosa cell tumor
Vagina

5. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Polyhydramnios
Sertoli cell tumor
Medullary

6. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
2 months
Leydig cell tumor
Feedback inhibition
Sarcoma botryoides - a rhabdomyosarcoma variant

7. complications of BPH
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Meigs syndrome
Estradiol

8. eclampsia
No
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Preeclampsia + siezures
Spermatogonia (germ cells)

9. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
The centrioles
HPV 16 - 18

10. leiomyoma and leiosarcoma have an increased incidence in which ethnic group
Fallopian tube
Male pseudoHerm
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Blacks

11. Does a leiomyoma progress to leiosarcoma
Myometrial tumors
No
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis

12. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Round ligament of the uterus
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
2nd week of proliferative phase
Sertoli cell tumor

13. What is the karyotype of a complete mole
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
46 xx
Endometrial carcinoma
Endometrial carcinoma

14. What is the genetic material in the secondary oocyte?
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Testosterone

15. What are risk factors for placenta acreta
Abacterial
Koilocytitic
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate

16. What sequelae are associated with leiomyoma
Low progesterone
4
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse

17. What does increasing estrogen do to GnRH receptors on ant pit - and What does this lead to...
No
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
During fetal life
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation

18. malignant - painless homogenous testicular enlargement - most common testicular tumor - affecting males ages 15 to 3 - large cells in lobules with watery cytoplasm and a 'fried egg' appearnace
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Placenta previa
Seminoma

19. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Medullary
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery

20. What are causes of female pseudoHerm
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Hemorrhage
Relaxation

21. What are the functions of oxytocin - maybe
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Call exner bodies
Down regulation
Sertoli cells

22. What is the serum marker for BPH
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
PSA
Turner's XO
17beta estradiol

23. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
Broad ligament
Inflammatory
Endometrial carcinoma
Placenta previa

24. what structures supplies the energy to the middle piece (neck)
Golgi
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Mitochondria
IV mag sulfate - diazepam

25. small breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts - typically beneath the areola with serous or bloody nipple discharge
Intraductal papilloma
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Acute mastitis
95%

26. What do leydig cells secrete?
Just prior to ovulation
Prophase
Estradiol
Testosterone

27. In what group are malignant breast tumors most commonly seen
Follicular cyst
Relaxation
Post menopausal
Adolescents

28. Connects uterus - fallopian tubes and ovaries to pelvic side wall - contains ovaries - fallapian tubes - and round ligaments of uterus
Oligohydramnios
Broad ligament
Phyllodes tumor
Blacks

29. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Fibrocystic disease
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Meigs syndrome
51 yo

30. What is the presentation of prostatitis
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
51 yo
Delivery of fetus

31. histologic type of fibrocystic with fluid filled - blue dome and ductal dilation
20 to 40
Fallopian tube
Cardinal ligament
Cystic

32. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
55-65
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Golgi

33. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Increased FSH
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Estrogen overstimulation
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

34. What does inhibin do?
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Ectocervix
Inhibit FSH

35. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Granulosa cell tumor

36. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Fat necrosis
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride

37. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Intraductal papilloma
Round ligament of uterus
Hydatidiform mole

38. breast path - diseases of the major duct
No
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
PCOS

39. decreased estrogen - inc FSH - LH - signs of menopause after puberty but before 40
Preeclampsia clinical
Fat necrosis
Klinefelter's - XXY
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

40. When does the secondary oocyte complete meosis II

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41. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Endometriosis
HPV 16 - 18
SANS - hypogastric nerve

42. inability to convert testosterone to DHT - limited to genetic males - penis at 12
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
5 alpha reductase def
Malignant in males not in females
Dysgerminoma

43. Connects ovaries to lateral pelvic wall - contains ovarian vessels
Acute mastitis
Polymenorrhea
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Broad ligament

44. What virus is dyslapsia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix associated with
Fibrosis
HPV 16 - 18
Female pseudoHerm
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery

45. Where does LH work - what enzyme works there and what product is secreted
Insulin resistance
Testosterone
Embryonal carcinoma
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione

46. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios

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47. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
No
Complete
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Adolescents

48. connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Testis determining factor
Cardinal ligament
Spermatocele
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride

49. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Post menopausal bleeding
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Turner's XO
Spermatogonia (germ cells)

50. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
Oligomenorrhea
Inc AFP and hCG
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Abruptio placentae