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Reproductive

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. defect in androgen receptor resulting in normal appearing female - rudimentry vagina - no uterus or uterine tubes
Complete
Ectopic preg
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

2. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Meigs syndrome
69 xxy
Polymenorrhea

3. What substances other than inhibin do sertoli cells produce?
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Uterus
Ovary
Fibromas

4. What is the karyotype of a complete mole
Squamous cell carcinoma
Granulosa cell tumor
46 xx
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens

5. non neoplastic endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal locations outsdie the uterus
Blacks
Complete
Endometriosis
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?

6. What are risk factors for abruptio placentae?
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione

7. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Aortic bicuspid valve
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids
Malignant in males not in females
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase

8. What increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
Choriocarcinoma
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Complete
Mucinous cystadenoma

9. how does BPH present
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
The semiT and the blood vessels
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria

10. What does inhibin do?
Inhibit FSH
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Suspensory ligament of ovaries

11. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
Chocolate cyst
Ligament of the ovary
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Phyllodes tumor

12. Which side is varicocele more common on...
Peripheral conversion of androgens
Severe bleeding iron def anemia - miscarriage
Paget's disease
Left

13. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Theca cell - desmolase - androstenedione
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Osteoblastic in bone
PSA

14. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
Axillary node involvement
Prophase
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Inhibition of HCG access

15. dx with increased testosterone and dec LH
Endometrial carcinoma
Peyronie's dz
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

16. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Distention and hypertrophy of bladder - hydronephrosis - UTIs - not premalignant
Production of a thick cervical mucus
Aortic bicuspid valve
Hydatidiform mole

17. What does the histo show for prostate cancer
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Prior c section - multiparity
Calcifications
Tunica vaginalis lesions

18. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
Mucinous cystadenoma
Call exner bodies
Myometrial invasion
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary

19. What is DHT responsible for in late development
Mature teratoma
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

20. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Female pseudoHerm
Peripheral adipose tissue
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

21. What does progesterone do to body temp
Pseudohermaphroditism
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Increase

22. What serum markers are associated with embyronal carcinoma
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Inc AFP and hCG
Increase (and LH)

23. From What tissues to malignant breast tumors arise?
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

24. histo: stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
Trophoblasts
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Adrenal gland
Vagina

25. blood from ruptured follicle causing peritoneal irritation that can mimic appendicitis
Squamo - columnar jxn
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Ectocervix
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia

26. reinke crystals - androgen producing - gynecomastia in men - precocious puberty in boys - golden brown color
Partial
Choriocarcinoma
Fat necrosis
Leydig cell tumor

27. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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28. What is the most common gynecologic malignancy
Endometrial carcinoma
Partial
Sclerosing adenosis
Fibromas

29. What is the most common form of male pseudoHerm
Cardinal ligament
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Serous cystadenoma
Inhibition of HCG access

30. What is the expected increase of estradiol and estrone in pregnancy
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Acute mastitis
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
50 times

31. What is the right venous drainage of the ovary/testis
1 week - 2 weeks
Paget cell
Right gonadal vein - IVC
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2

32. in males - are mature teratomas malignant? What is the case for females
Paget cell
Primary hypogonadism
Complete
Malignant in males not in females

33. common cause of recurrent miscarriage in 2nd trimester
50 times
Trophoblasts
Bicornute uterus
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs

34. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
55-65
Corpus luteum cyst
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
95%

35. defective decidual later allows placenta to attach to myometrium - massive bleeding after delivery
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
Placenta acreta
Hypogondadotropic hypogonadism
20 to 40

36. In what phase is meiosis II arrested
Preductal coarctication
Metaphase
Krukenburg tumor
Sertoli cells

37. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
PCOS
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
The centrioles

38. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Sertoli cells
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Smooth muscle

39. What is indicative of a poor prognosis for endometrial carcinoma
Myometrial invasion
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Comedocarcinoma
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs

40. > 35 day cycle
Bicornute uterus
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
Oligomenorrhea
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen

41. Where is androstenedione made?
Ectocervix
One of the centrioles
Fibroadenoma
Adrenal gland

42. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Hemorrhage
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
Prostate growth - balding - and sebaceous gland activity
Embryonal carcinoma

43. histo: simple columnar epithelium - ciliated
Increased FSH
Fallopian tube
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Call exner bodies

44. When does spermatogenesis begin?
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
2 months
Puberty
Spermatocele

45. endometrium within the myometrium
Adenomyosis
Menometrorrhagia
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Partial

46. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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47. which cysts results from gonadotropin stimulation and is associated with choriocarcinoma and moles
Squamo - columnar jxn
Polyhydramnios
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Theca - leutin cysts

48. What does HHAVOC stand for in menopause
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
DCIS

49. increases in which hormone are associated with BPH
Inhibition of HCG access
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
DIC
Oligomenorrhea

50. What effect does NE have on smoothe muscle in the erectile tissues
Klinefelter's - XXY
Inc Ca in - smooth muscle contraction - vasocxn - antierectile
DIC
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation