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Reproductive

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which system and nerve are responsible for emission
SANS - hypogastric nerve
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens

2. What changes in the aorta are common in Turner's?
Preductal coarctication
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
One of the centrioles

3. breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation
Acute mastitis
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
55-65

4. Breast path - disease that occurs at the nipple

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5. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Sertoli cell tumor
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14

6. breast path - diseases of the major duct
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Ovary
Female pseudoHerm

7. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
Serous cystadenoma
Increased FSH
Fibrosis

8. What are the treatments for PCOS
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Fallopian tube
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

9. What does progesterone do to estrogen receptors
Down regulation
Klinefelter's - XXY
Kallman
Myometrial invasion

10. Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation

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11. gray - soliarty - crusty plaque - usually on the shaft of the penis or on the scrotum - peak incidence in 5th decade of life - can progress to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases

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12. What becomes the main source of hCG
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Estradiol
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen

13. What causes preeclampsia
Fibrocystic disease
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone

14. Is fertility compromised in double Y males?
Abruptio placentae
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
No
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands

15. What do leydig cells secrete?
6
Testosterone
Cervix
4

16. What is a true hermaphrodite
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Aortic bicuspid valve
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione

17. What are the effects of prolactin?
Ovary
Bicornute uterus
Upregulation
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

18. is fibroadenoma a precursor to breast cancer
Serous cystadenoma
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
No
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation

19. small - mobile - firm breast mass with sharp edges - most common in <25
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Spermatocele
Vagina
Fibroadenoma

20. pain with or without bleeding - inc in hCG - sudden lower abdominal pain - mistaken for appendicitis
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Upregulation
Menopause
Ectopic preg

21. What hematologic condition is associated with abruptio placentae
Ligament of the ovary
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
DIC
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids

22. In what phase is meiosis I arrested
Abruptio placentae
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Cystic
Prophase

23. What complications are associated with oligohydramnios

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24. How many functional sperm does 1 germ cell creat?
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Primary hypogonadism
4

25. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Broad ligament
Preeclampsia
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
PCOS

26. What is the typical cell change in HPV infection
Choriocarcinoma
Koilocytitic
Primary hypogonadism
Varicocele

27. What virus is dyslapsia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix associated with
Myometrial tumors
HPV 16 - 18
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Adolescents

28. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Feedback inhibition
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
Spermatocele
Para - aortic lymph nodes

29. What stimulation after labor induces lactation
Pseudohermaphroditism
Metaphase
Left
Decreasing progesterone

30. What is a potential complication of endometrial hyperplasia
Erythroplasia of Queyrat - carcinoma in situ of penis
Bicornute uterus
Endometrial carcinoma
Round ligament of uterus

31. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Partial
PANS - pelvic nerve
Tubular carcinoma
Choriocarcinoma

32. What does SEVEN Up stand for in regards to the pathway of sperm
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Malignant in males not in females
Fibrocystic disease

33. connects cervix to side wall of pelvis - contains uterine vessels
Adolescents
Cardinal ligament
Myometrial invasion
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA

34. What increase in estriol is an indicator offetal well being in pregnancy
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Sclerosing adenosis
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
1000 times

35. what increases the risk of cryptorchidism
Prematurity
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
In the 6th decade of life
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens

36. What structures does testosterone negatively feedback on?
Enlarged bilateral cystic ovaries - amenorrhea - infertility - obesity - and hirsutism
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
Fibroadenoma
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands

37. When is the peak occurrence of leiomyoma
20 to 40
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Testis determining factor

38. Where does prostatic adenocarcinoma arise from?
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Post menopausal
Ovary
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

39. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
Oligomenorrhea
Broad ligament
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery

40. Connects ovaries to lateral pelvic wall - contains ovarian vessels
PCOS
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Para - aortic lymph nodes
1000 times

41. What is the presentation of fibrocystic dz
Prior c section - inflammation - placenta previa
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Testosterone
Calcifications

42. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Post menopausal bleeding
Left
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Tight junctions between sertoli cells

43. in postmenopausal women Where is androstenedione converted to estrone
Peripheral adipose tissue
Esophogeal/duodenal atresia - can't swallow - anencephaly
Pseudohermaphroditism
Prophase

44. What is the treatment for preeclampsia
Fibromas
Delivery of fetus
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Placenta previa

45. What estrogen does the ovary secrete
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
17beta estradiol
Spermatogonia (germ cells)

46. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Krukenburg tumor

47. What does the tail go onto to form
6
The centrioles
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor

48. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Myometrial invasion
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
S aureus

49. predisposing factor to clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Endometriosis
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer

50. Multiple papular lesions on the penis - affects younger age group - usually does not become invasive
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Oligohydramnios
Follicular cyst