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Reproductive

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Phyllodes tumor
Invasive ductal
Testosterone - DHT - androstenedione
Peripheral adipose tissue

2. multilocular cyst lined by mucus secreting epi - benign - intestine like
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Mucinous cystadenoma

3. testicular atrophy - eunochoid body shape - tall - long extremities - gynecomastia - inactivated X chromosome - dysgenesis of seminiferous tubules - decreased inhibin - abnormal leydig cell function

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4. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
Chocolate cyst
No
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Proliferation

5. What forms the blood testis barrier?
Sertoli cells
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Invasive ductal
Menometrorrhagia

6. 2 sperm + 1 egg
Partial
Hemorrhage
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur

7. What is a complication of invasive carcinoma
17beta estradiol
Lateral invasion can block ureters causing renal failure
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Inc size and tenderness with inc estrogen

8. How is dyslpasi and carcinoma in situ of the cervix classified
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
The centrioles
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Invasive ductal

9. What is the most common pathogen in acute mastitis
Female pseudoHerm
Preeclampsia + siezures
Preeclampsia clinical
S aureus

10. GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries causing a mucin secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma
Krukenburg tumor
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
Menopause
Sertoli cell tumor

11. decreased estrogen - inc FSH - LH - signs of menopause after puberty but before 40
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
5 alpha reductase def
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

12. < 21 day cycle
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Inhibition LH and FSH
Polymenorrhea
Fibromas

13. Where is androstenedione made?
Estrogen overstimulation
2 months
Adrenal gland
Endocervix

14. What hormones regulate sperm creation?
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Suspensory ligament of ovaries
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary

15. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Teratoma
Pseudohermaphroditism
Varicocele
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

16. Where does FSH work - what enzyme works there - what substrate comes in and what leaves
Relaxation
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen
PSA
Right gonadal vein - IVC

17. histologic subtype of fibrocystic with inc acini and intralobular fibrosis
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Sprinolactone - digitalis - cimetidine - alchohol - ketoconazole
Axillary node involvement
Sclerosing adenosis

18. What does LH do
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells
Defective androgen receptor
Hyperestrogenism
Production of a thick cervical mucus

19. histo: simple columnar epithelium - ciliated
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Fallopian tube
Fibrosis

20. Arrange the androgens in order of most potent to least potent
Fibrosis
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Broad ligament

21. What does the SRY gene do
Testis determining factor
Inhibition LH and FSH
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Choriocarcinoma

22. dx with increased testosterone and inc LH
Defective androgen receptor
Choriocarcinoma
6
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli

23. What common valvular abnormality is common in Turner's
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Left
Delivery of fetus
Aortic bicuspid valve

24. <0.5 L of amniotic fluid
Smooth muscle
Prementsrual breast pain and multiple lesions
Oligohydramnios
S aureus

25. What is the treatment for hydatidiform mole
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Kallman
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis

26. triad of ovarian fibroma - ascites - hydrothorax
Testosterone
PSA
Increase
Meigs syndrome

27. What is the source of estrogen after menopause
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Peripheral conversion of androgens

28. breast path - diseeases of the lobules
PSA
Preductal coarctication
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Trophoblasts

29. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Increased FSH
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
DCIS
Invasive ductal

30. ecsematous patches on nipple and/or vulva - suggests underlying carcinoma

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31. cystic swelling of chorionic villi and proliferation of chorionic epithelium that presents with abnormal vaginal bleeding
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Bowen's dz - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Hydatidiform mole
55-65

32. What is the average age of onset for menopause
Cardinal ligament
51 yo
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Osteoblastic in bone

33. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs
Alpha1 antagonists - terazosin - tamsulosin - finasteride
DCIS
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor

34. in males - are mature teratomas malignant? What is the case for females
Increase
Malignant in males not in females
Preeclampsia
The centrioles

35. What are the risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
95%

36. What are the functions of oxytocin - maybe
Fibroadenoma
Increase
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs

37. breast path - diseases of the stroma
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
1000 times
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles
Choriocarcinoma

38. Where does fertilization most commonly occur?
Right gonadal vein - IVC
PCOS
Defective androgen receptor
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation

39. bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts - pulling sensation in the groin
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Mucinous cystadenoma
Klinefelter's - XXY
Fibromas

40. What does FSH do
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
50 times
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue

41. Where is testosterone converted to estrogen
Bowenoid papulosis - carcinoma in situ of the penis
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Sertoli cells - and adipose tissue via aromatase
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast

42. What percentage of testicular tumors are germ cell
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
95%
Mittelschmerz syndrome
Theca - leutin cysts

43. malignant - pseudomyxoma pertonei - intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor
Ectopic preg
Immature
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT

44. What does gynecomastia result from?
Turner's XO
Hyperestrogenism
Testosterone
Leydig cell tumor

45. What does estrogen do to FSH and LH
Feedback inhibition
Granulosa cell tumor
Follicular cyst
Seminoma

46. What increase in estriol is an indicator offetal well being in pregnancy
Smoking - HTN - cocaine
Development of genitalia and breast - growth of follicle - hormonal interactions with HPG accesss - and inc transport proteins like SHBG inc HDL and dec LDL
Squamo - columnar jxn
1000 times

47. malignant - inc hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Just prior to ovulation
Choriocarcinoma
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation

48. dilated epididymal duct
Call exner bodies
Lack of spermatogenesis due to inc temp of testis inside body and associated risk of germ cell tumors
Spermatocele
Cystic

49. What does estrogen stimulate in the endometrium
Fibroadenoma - phyllodes tumor
Fibrcystic change - ductal cancer
Proliferation
6

50. What is the treatment for preeclampsia
Para - aortic lymph nodes
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery
Delivery of fetus
The anterior pituitary and hypothalamus

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Reproductive

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