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Reproductive

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. can present as precocious puberty in kids - can cause endometrial hyperplasia/carinoma in adults - abnormal uterine bleeding
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Granulosa cell tumor
Diploid - 4N - 46 sister chromatids
Acute mastitis

2. distention of unruptured graafian follicle
Follicular cyst
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Chocolate cyst

3. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Osteoblastic in bone
Sertoli cell tumor
Differentiation of penis - scrotum and prostate
Partial

4. malignant - inc hCG - disordered syncytiotrophoblastic and cytotrophoblastic elements - hematogenous spread
Slight increase - 1.5 to 2
Inflammatory
DES in utero (DES is a sythetic estrogen)
Choriocarcinoma

5. blood from ruptured follicle causing peritoneal irritation that can mimic appendicitis
Mittelschmerz syndrome
4
Defective androgen receptor
Hyperestrogenism

6. What becomes the main source of hCG
Polyhydramnios
Androgen insensitivity syndrome - 46 XY
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta

7. Benign - looks like bladder
Dilation and curettage and methotrexate
Oligohydramnios
Brenner tumor
Invasive ductal

8. What is the treatment for preeclampsia
Invasive ductal
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Delivery of fetus
46 xx

9. Which system and nerve allow for erection in the male?
Puberty
Vagina
PANS - pelvic nerve
Fructose

10. Which side is varicocele more common on...
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Peripheral adipose tissue
20 to 40
Left

11. Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is usually caused By what kind of malignancy
Squamous cell carcinoma
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
HPV 16 - 18
Theca - leutin cysts

12. What is the genetic material in the ovum
Haploid - N - 23 single chromatids
Peripheral adipose tissue
Inflammatory
Upregulation - LH surge - ovulation

13. what metabolic disorder is assocaited with PCOS
Inhibition of HCG access
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis
Placenta acreta
Insulin resistance

14. pain with or without bleeding - inc in hCG - sudden lower abdominal pain - mistaken for appendicitis
PCOS - obesity - Asherman's - HPO axis defect - Pof - hyperprolactinemia - thryoid - eating disorders - cushging's - adrenal insuff
Ectopic preg
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Comedocarcinoma

15. androblastoma from sex cord stroma
Smooth muscle
Corpus luteum - placenta - adrenal cortex - testes
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Sertoli cell tumor

16. disagreement between the phenotypic and gonadal sex
Pseudohermaphroditism
Brenner tumor
Ligament of the ovary
Prematurity

17. What is the prognosis for seminoma
Estradiol
Good - late metastasis
Bicornute uterus
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor

18. histo: simple columnar epithelium - ciliated
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Complete
Fallopian tube
One of the centrioles

19. histological subtype of fibrocystic with inc number of epithelial cell lauers in terminal duct lobule - women over 30
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
Oligomenorrhea
Epithelial hyperplasia
Post menopausal

20. What does progesterone do to smooth muscle in the uterus
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Relaxation
Estradiol and possible growth promoting effects of DHT
Prior c section - multiparity

21. decreased estrogen - inc FSH - LH - signs of menopause after puberty but before 40
Varicocele
Inhibit cGMP breakdown
2nd week of proliferative phase
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)

22. When does endometiral carcinoma usually occur
55-65
Kallman
Prematurity
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile

23. what structures supplies the energy to the middle piece (neck)
Partial
Mitochondria
Testosterone
Inc AFP and hCG

24. What is the number 1 risk factor for cervical dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Seminoma
Follicular cyst

25. What does LH do
Puberty
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Estradiol > estrone > estriol
Stimulates testosterone release from leydig cells

26. What are the most common tumors in all females?
Myometrial tumors
Sertoli cells
Stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABP and inhibin
Round ligament of the uterus

27. blood containing cyst from ovarian endometriosis that varies with menstrual cycle
One of the centrioles
Chocolate cyst
Axillary node involvement
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse

28. Which gynecologic tumors have the worst prognosis?
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Turner's XO
Good - late metastasis

29. Risk factors for ectopic pregs
Milk letdown - uterine contractions?
Testosterone
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
History of infertility - salpingitis - ruptured appendix - prior tubal surgery

30. How many functional sperm does 1 germ cell creat?
Uterus
Epithelial hyperplasia
Squamo - columnar jxn
4

31. What is HELLP syndrome
Hemolysis - elevated liver enzymes - low platelets
Chocolate cyst
Mammary duct epithelium or lobular glands
The ampulla - occurs within 1 day of ovulation

32. What are the most common cause of anovluation

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33. What does progesterone do in the endometrium
Stimulate glandular secretions - and spiral artery development
Cerebral hemorrhage and ARDS
Estradiol
Inhibit cGMP breakdown

34. What is the venous drainage of the left ovary/testis?
Syncytiotrophoblasts of placenta
Left gonadal vein - left renal vein - IVC
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids

35. large cells in epidermis with clear halo
Good - late metastasis
51 yo
Paget cell
69 xxy

36. histo: simple columnar epithelium - pseudostratified tubular glands
Uterus
Testosterone secreting tumor - exogenous steroids
Upregulation
Endometrial carcinoma

37. Which teratoma - mature or immature - is aggresively malignant
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Immature
Polyhydramnios
Anovulatory cycles - hormone replacement therapy - PCOS - granulosa cell tumor

38. What is the best test to confirm menopause
Increased FSH
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Hydrocele
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis

39. what usually causes endometrial hyperplasia
Immature
Myometrial tumors
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Estrogen overstimulation

40. How does endometriosis cause infertility
Fat necrosis
Retrograde mentrual flow or ascending infection
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse

41. What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal 2/3 of the vagina/uterus
Female pseudoHerm
1000 times
Obdurator - exterinal iliac - hypogastic nodes
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy

42. What does hCG do in the first trimester to maintain the corpus luteum
Mimics LH
Inc freq of urination - nocturia - difficulty starting/stopping urination - dysuria
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs

43. Where does prostatic adenocarcinoma arise from?
Posterior lobe peripheral zone
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Placental insufficiency - bilateral renal agenesis - posterior urethral valves - potter's syndrome
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens

44. 90% of ovarian germ cells tumors - contains cells from 2 or 3 germ layers
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Teratoma
Complete

45. Prevention of seizures and in preeclampsia
IV mag sulfate - diazepam
Meigs syndrome
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'

46. What is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor
DRE - hard nodule and biopsy
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - low back pain
Mature teratoma
No

47. What does inhibin do?
Prematurity
Hydrocele
Intraductal papilloma
Inhibit FSH

48. hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum
Mucinous cystadenoma
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease
Corpus luteum cyst

49. Large bulky breast mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaf like projections
Complete
Phyllodes tumor
Trophoblasts
Uterus

50. Which nerve and nerve fibers control for ejaculation
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
5 alpha reductase - inhibited by finesteride
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Polymenorrhea