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Reproductive

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is associated with sclerosing adenosis?
Testosterone
Fibrosis
Calcifications
Granulosa cell tumor

2. What does SEVEN Up stand for in regards to the pathway of sperm
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Complete
Estrogen overstimulation
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease

3. Endometriosis is characterized By what clinical picture?
Fertilization 'an egg met a sperm'
Inhibition of HCG access
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Intraductal papilloma

4. What is a true hermaphrodite
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - exogenous administration of steroids
Tight junctions between sertoli cells
Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles

5. What effect does NO have on smooth muscle in erectile tissues
Peripheral adipose tissue
Inc cGMP - smooth muscle relax - vasodltn - proerectile
Abacterial
Granulosa cell tumor

6. List the estrogens in order of decreasing potency
Turner's XO
Prematurity
Hemorrhage
Estradiol > estrone > estriol

7. What is the order of events in the menstrual cycle
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Multiple sexual partners - also HIV and early sexual intercourse
Menometrorrhagia
Prematurity

8. Which side is varicocele more common on...
Asia - Africa - S. America - HPV - lack of circumcision
Klinefelter's - XXY
Myometrial tumors
Left

9. What can happen with no sertoli cell or lack of anti mullerian hormone
Turner's XO
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
Left

10. What does progesterone do to myometrial excitability
Decrease
Testosterone
Hemorrhage
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor

11. What happens to a leiomyoma in pregs and menopause and why
Good - late metastasis
Small infiltrating glands with prominent nucleoli
Increase in size in pregs - decrease in size meno - estrogen sens
Adenomyosis

12. tumor that fills ductal lumen - arises from ductal hyperplasia - early malignancy without BM penetration
Malignant in males not in females
Hydatidiform mole
Sertoli cells
DCIS

13. when do primary oocytes begin meiosis I
Leydig cell tumor
During fetal life
69 xxy
Aortic bicuspid valve

14. hyperandrogenism due to deranged steroid synthesis by theca cells - inc LH leading to anovulation
PCOS
55-65
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Proliferation

15. histo: simple cuboidal epithelium
Develop both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia
55-65
Ovary
Kallman

16. In What age group are ovarian germ cell tumors most common
Stimulation of secretion - but blocks its action at the breast
Bicornute uterus
6
Adolescents

17. Uterin fundus to labia majora
Round ligament of uterus
No
Hyperthyroidism - contains functional thyroid tissue
Adenomyosis

18. What metastasis is most common with prostatic adenocarcinoma
Menopause
Trophoblasts
Osteoblastic in bone
Induces and maintains lactation - decreases reproductive function

19. Large bulky breast mass of connective tissue and cysts with leaf like projections
Paget's disease - breast abscess
Cyclic bleeding - chocolate cysts - severe menstrual related pain - infertility
Phyllodes tumor
Brenner tumor

20. is fibroadenoma a precursor to breast cancer
Adrenal gland
No
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Granulosa cell - aromatase - androstenedione - estrogen

21. disagreement between the phenotypic and gonadal sex
Cardinal ligament
GnRH from hypoTh - LH and FSH from ant pituitary
Pseudohermaphroditism
Osteoblastic in bone

22. tumor with firm fibrous - 'rock hard' mass with sharp margins and small glandular duct like cells - worst prognosis and most common
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Invasive ductal
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
S aureus

23. What complications are associated with polyhydramnios

24. Does a leiomyoma progress to leiosarcoma
No
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Inc AFP and hCG
Testis determining factor

25. Between What two phases does the sperm acquire the acrosome - flagellum - and middle piece
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone
Inhibition of HCG access
Final stage of spermatogenesis - spermiogenesis - spermatid to spermatozoa
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor

26. Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is usually caused By what kind of malignancy
Inc AFP and hCG
Squamous cell carcinoma
50 times
Seminoma

27. What are the pathologic features of leiosarcoma
Comedocarcinoma
Testosterone
Necrosis - hemorrhage - can protrude from the cervix and bleed - tendency to recur
Vagina

28. What increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
Unopposed estrogen - obesity - diabetes - HTN - nulliparity - late menopause
Endometrial carcinoma
Testosterone
Sclerosing adenosis

29. How is beta hCG detectable in blood or urine for a home pregnancy test
Partial
Tunica vaginalis lesions
1 week - 2 weeks
Trophoblasts

30. When does the secondary oocyte complete meosis II

31. What changes are seen with total PSA and fraction of free PSA
Relaxation
Spermatocele
Inc in total - and dec in free fraction
Sertoli cells

32. What virus is dyslapsia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix associated with
Prophase
Fallopian tube
Premature ovarian failure (Pof)
HPV 16 - 18

33. What are predisposing factors for placenta previa
Inc AFP and hCG
Prior c section - multiparity
Medullary
Sertoli cell tumor

34. Which androgen is responsible for differentiation of epididymis - vas deferens - seminal vesicles - internal genitalia (except prostate)
Low progesterone
Testosterone
Both ovary and testicular tissue present - ambiguous genitals - rare 46 XX - 47XXY
Cirrhosis - testicular tumor - puberty - old age - klinefelter's syndrome - drugs

35. 50% of ovarian tumors - malignant and frequently bilateral
Preductal coarctication
2 months
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
DIC

36. How does endometrial hyperplasia manifest clinically
Seminiferous tubules - epididymis - vas deferens - ejaculatory ducts - nothing - urethra - penis
Post menopausal bleeding
The semiT and the blood vessels
95%

37. HTN - proteinuria and edema
Hydatidiform mole
Turner's XO
Preeclampsia
Haploid - 2N - 23 sister chromatids

38. breast abscess - during breast feeding with increased risk of bacterial infxn through cracks in the nipple
Intraductal papilloma - breast abscess - mastitis
Round ligament of the uterus
Inc AFP and hCG
Acute mastitis

39. What is hydatidiform mole and precurosor of...
Choriocarcinoma
Fallopian tube
Estrogen - LH surge - ovulation - progesterone from CL - menstruation
Hyperestrogenism

40. Which androgen is responsible for libido
Testosterone
Yolk sac - endodermal sinus - tumor
Tunica vaginalis lesions
Polymenorrhea

41. What is the expected increase of estradiol and estrone in pregnancy
Weight loss - OCP - gonadotropin analogs - clomiphene - sprinolactone - surgery
50 times
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

42. marked increased hCG - complete or partial
Complete
Preeclampsia clinical
Hydatidiform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
Sertoli cell tumor

43. large - hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblasts cells - inc freq theca leutin cysts - develops during pregnancy in mom or baby - marked by hCG
Choriocarcinoma
Periurethral lobes - lateral and middle
Metaphase
Hirsutism - hot flashes - atrophy of the vagina - osteoporosis - coronary artery disease

44. breast path - diseeases of the lobules
Endometrial > ovarian> cervical (in US)
Defective androgen receptor
Follicular phase varies - luteal phase is 14
Lobular carcinoma - sclerosing adenosis

45. What are the useful tumor parkers in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Estrogen/progesterone receptors - erb - B2 - HER2 an EGF receptrs
DHT - testosterone - androstenedione
Prostatic acid phosphatase and PSA
Placental ischemia due to impaired vasodltn of spiral arteries resulting in increased vasc tone

46. What is the serum marker for BPH
No
Andogren binding protein - anti mullerian hormone
Spermatogonia (germ cells)
PSA

47. What does inhibin do?
Malignant in males not in females
Inhibit FSH
Hydatidiform mole
Neoplastic cells block lymphatic drainage

48. frequent bu irregular cycles
Invasive lobular
SANS - hypogastric nerve
Metrorrhagia
Female pseudoHerm

49. Which ligament is the derivative of the gubernaculum and travels through the inguinal canal
Visceral - somatic nerves in pudendal
Round ligament of the uterus
95%
Increase

50. malignancy in ovaries - testis - sacrococcygeal area of young children - yellow friable solid masses with 50% having schiller - duval bodies
Yolk sace - endodermal sinus - tumor
Intraductal papilloma
CIN 1 - 2 - 3
Inc estrogen - inc total nunmber of cycles - older age at 1st live birth - obesity