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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. View that science flourishes through observation and experiment.
negative correlation
empiricism
correlation coefficient
cohort effects
2. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
random sample
placebo effect
z score
experimental condition
3. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
null hypothesis
random selection
Hawthorne Effect
ANOVA
4. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
psychological test
operational definition
experimenter bias
cross-sectional research
5. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
extraneous variables
normal distribution
n
wording effects
6. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
case study
validity
experiment
confederates
7. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
positive correlation
theory
cohort effects
construct validity
8. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
wording effects
hindsight bias
negative (left) skew
frequency histogram
9. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
correlational study
placebo effect
quasi-experiment
experimental condition
10. Difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
illusory correlation
p<.05
range
criterion validity
11. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
quasi experiment
construct validity
criterion validity
wording effects
12. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
negative (left) skew
hypothesis
range
social desirability bias
13. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
percentile rank
quasi-experiment
empiricism
case study
14. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
debriefing
random assignment
hypothesis
reliability
15. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
longitudinal research
face validity
random assignment
double-blind procedure
16. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
psychological test
construct validity
placebo effect
dependent variable
17. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
cohort effects
case study
statistical significance
meta analysis
18. Extent to which a test yields consistent results - a measure is repeatable
nominal data
controls
reliability
frequency histogram
19. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
quasi experiment
deception
meta analysis
correlation
20. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
survey
mean
naturalistic observation
single-blind procedure
21. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
control condition
normal distribution
quasi-experiment
extraneous variables
22. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
nominal data
mode
reliability
ratio data
23. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
confounding of variables
placebo effect
false consensus effect
double-blind procedure
24. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
alternate form reliability
n
construct validity
correlation coefficient
25. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
reliability
theory
random assignment
z score
26. Condition of experiment that contrasts with experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
generalizability
control condition
ordinal data
reliability
27. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
quasi experiment
case study
percentile rank
experiment
28. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
debriefing
survey
wording effects
operational definition
29. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
hindsight bias
negative correlation
operational definition
type one error
30. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
scientific method
positive (right) skew
nominal data
cohort effects
31. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
Hawthorne Effect
frequency polygon
reliability
naturalistic observation
32. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
mode
reliability
control condition
negative correlation
33. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
negative (left) skew
correlational study
meta analysis
positive correlation
34. Procedure in which info that could introduce bias the result is withheld from participants - but experimenter will be in full possession of facts
single-blind procedure
positive correlation
p value
false consensus effect
35. Statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or define a particular term specifically in a study
positive correlation
criterion validity
validity
operational definition
36. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
overconfidence effect
operational definition
construct validity
generalizability
37. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
Hawthorne Effect
control condition
inter-rater reliability
random assignment
38. Perception of a correlation between variables where none exists.
illusory correlation
survey
range
inter-rater reliability
39. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
frequency polygon
type two error
quasi-experiment
correlational study
40. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
wording effects
scientific method
deception
positive (right) skew
41. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
correlation coefficient
percentile rank
negative correlation
correlational study
42. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
experimenter bias
population
median
random assignment
43. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
illusory correlation
survey
criterion validity
confederates
44. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
case study
mean
interval data
hypothesis
45. Skewed distribution where data has many more scores toward the lower end of the distribution
negative (left) skew
negative correlation
positive (right) skew
random assignment
46. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
random sample
r
experiment
psychological test
47. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
negative correlation
experimental condition
sampling bias
ratio data
48. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
generalizability
confederates
wording effects
random assignment
49. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
ANOVA
mode
alternate form reliability
confounding of variables
50. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
reliability
generalizability
correlational study
statistical significance