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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
percentile rank
r
experiment
independent variable
2. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
p<.05
experimenter bias
placebo effect
p value
3. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
correlational study
z score
quasi experiment
deception
4. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
sampling bias
hindsight bias
case study
mean
5. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
replication
correlation
z score
meta analysis
6. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
confederates
alternate form reliability
social desirability bias
correlational study
7. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
social desirability bias
longitudinal research
experiment
positive correlation
8. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
hindsight bias
correlational study
extraneous variables
sampling bias
9. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
operational definition
median
positive correlation
interval data
10. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
median
type one error
naturalistic observation
generalizability
11. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
generalizability
ratio data
independent variable
case study
12. If you take the same test 2x's & you get the same results it shows ______ reliability
test-retest reliability
type two error
criterion validity
type one error
13. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
p value
survey
nominal data
controls
14. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
random assignment
construct validity
quasi-experiment
face validity
15. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
frequency polygon
illusory correlation
overconfidence effect
confounding of variables
16. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
negative (left) skew
hindsight bias
r
survey
17. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
random sample
illusory correlation
longitudinal research
split half reliability
18. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
test-retest reliability
normal distribution
naturalistic observation
correlation coefficient
19. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
longitudinal research
random assignment
dependent variable
deception
20. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
hindsight bias
negative (left) skew
type two error
construct validity
21. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
z score
experimental condition
null hypothesis
experiment
22. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
criterion validity
mean
illusory correlation
debriefing
23. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
p<.05
case study
face validity
frequency polygon
24. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
standard deviation
population
median
face validity
25. A test is divided into 2 halves and scores on the halves are compared to see if test is consistent within itself. Ex. compare odds & evens
normal distribution
split half reliability
nominal data
cohort effects
26. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
false consensus effect
random sample
ordinal data
negative correlation
27. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
p value
quasi experiment
cohort effects
survey
28. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
operational definition
standard deviation
cross-sectional research
negative correlation
29. Procedure in which info that could introduce bias the result is withheld from participants - but experimenter will be in full possession of facts
controls
ANOVA
mean
single-blind procedure
30. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
replication
experimenter bias
hindsight bias
naturalistic observation
31. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
population
negative (left) skew
standard deviation
positive correlation
32. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
stratified sample
nominal data
experimental condition
illusory correlation
33. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
random assignment
cross-sectional research
random sample
controls
34. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
negative correlation
correlation
p<.05
hypothesis
35. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
positive correlation
dependent variable
frequency histogram
confounding of variables
36. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
inter-rater reliability
r
false consensus effect
z score
37. Bell-shaped curve that results when values of a trait in a population are plotted against their frequency
normal distribution
correlation
sampling bias
Hawthorne Effect
38. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
stratified sample
wording effects
psychological test
scientific method
39. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
r
Hawthorne Effect
case study
cohort effects
40. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
n
normal distribution
correlation coefficient
positive correlation
41. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
construct validity
percentile rank
debriefing
social desirability bias
42. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
random selection
statistical significance
hindsight bias
wording effects
43. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
r
experimenter bias
quasi-experiment
operational definition
44. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
extraneous variables
positive correlation
stratified sample
case study
45. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
mode
operational definition
wording effects
standard deviation
46. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
correlation coefficient
Hawthorne Effect
sampling bias
ANOVA
47. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
r
longitudinal research
wording effects
cross-sectional research
48. View that science flourishes through observation and experiment.
percentile rank
population
empiricism
generalizability
49. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
alternate form reliability
psychological test
control condition
reliability
50. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
face validity
positive (right) skew
hypothesis
scientific method