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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
construct validity
case study
z score
random assignment
2. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
quasi-experiment
overconfidence effect
theory
negative correlation
3. If you take the same test 2x's & you get the same results it shows ______ reliability
psychological test
scatterplot
test-retest reliability
scientific method
4. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
correlational study
p value
p<.05
quasi-experiment
5. More than one individual scores same test - regardless of who rates test - scores should be the same for _____ reliability
ordinal data
inter-rater reliability
ANOVA
control condition
6. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
hindsight bias
social desirability bias
replication
scientific method
7. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
scientific method
construct validity
generalizability
scatterplot
8. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
z score
operational definition
confederates
random selection
9. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
face validity
scientific method
median
interval data
10. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
dependent variable
p<.05
quasi experiment
empiricism
11. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
population
controls
z score
random sample
12. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
scientific method
Hawthorne Effect
theory
psychological test
13. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
dependent variable
debriefing
deception
empiricism
14. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
statistical significance
dependent variable
reliability
negative correlation
15. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
quasi-experiment
validity
operational definition
deception
16. The probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically significant (not due to chance).
p value
empiricism
survey
placebo effect
17. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
percentile rank
ordinal data
hindsight bias
correlation
18. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
debriefing
single-blind procedure
n
negative correlation
19. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
correlation coefficient
mean
cross-sectional research
p<.05
20. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
empiricism
longitudinal research
overconfidence effect
hypothesis
21. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
nominal data
n
type two error
stratified sample
22. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
operational definition
Hawthorne Effect
random assignment
correlation coefficient
23. Procedure in which info that could introduce bias the result is withheld from participants - but experimenter will be in full possession of facts
single-blind procedure
frequency polygon
positive (right) skew
ordinal data
24. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
negative correlation
type two error
controls
extraneous variables
25. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
naturalistic observation
n
double-blind procedure
correlation
26. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
correlation
stratified sample
cohort effects
experimenter bias
27. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
normal distribution
random selection
correlational study
random assignment
28. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
correlation
median
population
negative correlation
29. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
scientific method
psychological test
single-blind procedure
negative correlation
30. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
confounding of variables
positive correlation
single-blind procedure
frequency polygon
31. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
z score
sampling bias
psychological test
normal distribution
32. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
operational definition
stratified sample
illusory correlation
hypothesis
33. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
experimenter bias
dependent variable
false consensus effect
debriefing
34. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
normal distribution
double-blind procedure
negative (left) skew
illusory correlation
35. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
dependent variable
independent variable
quasi-experiment
random selection
36. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
standard deviation
ANOVA
criterion validity
illusory correlation
37. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
z score
experimental condition
replication
double-blind procedure
38. Statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or define a particular term specifically in a study
scatterplot
ANOVA
operational definition
interval data
39. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
experimental condition
standard deviation
correlation coefficient
operational definition
40. A test is divided into 2 halves and scores on the halves are compared to see if test is consistent within itself. Ex. compare odds & evens
overconfidence effect
split half reliability
ratio data
criterion validity
41. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
frequency polygon
n
negative correlation
illusory correlation
42. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
percentile rank
ratio data
quasi-experiment
false consensus effect
43. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
range
naturalistic observation
r
illusory correlation
44. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
frequency polygon
theory
confounding of variables
deception
45. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
case study
hypothesis
range
debriefing
46. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
experiment
positive correlation
meta analysis
illusory correlation
47. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
stratified sample
ratio data
type two error
percentile rank
48. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
random assignment
experiment
mean
correlation coefficient
49. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
social desirability bias
longitudinal research
ratio data
criterion validity
50. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
meta analysis
population
interval data
ratio data