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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
correlational study
type two error
stratified sample
quasi experiment
2. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
placebo effect
overconfidence effect
p<.05
statistical significance
3. A test is divided into 2 halves and scores on the halves are compared to see if test is consistent within itself. Ex. compare odds & evens
random selection
type one error
positive correlation
split half reliability
4. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
percentile rank
scientific method
meta analysis
p<.05
5. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
confounding of variables
ratio data
p<.05
nominal data
6. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
correlation coefficient
null hypothesis
content validity
Hawthorne Effect
7. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
experiment
empiricism
correlation coefficient
random assignment
8. View that science flourishes through observation and experiment.
normal distribution
empiricism
wording effects
p<.05
9. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
experimental condition
illusory correlation
nominal data
experiment
10. Bell-shaped curve that results when values of a trait in a population are plotted against their frequency
type two error
random assignment
normal distribution
split half reliability
11. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
experimenter bias
scientific method
population
cross-sectional research
12. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
construct validity
hypothesis
statistical significance
random sample
13. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
experimental condition
random assignment
z score
frequency polygon
14. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
positive correlation
face validity
mean
longitudinal research
15. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
correlation coefficient
criterion validity
negative correlation
double-blind procedure
16. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
meta analysis
median
frequency polygon
illusory correlation
17. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
naturalistic observation
sampling bias
random assignment
content validity
18. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
positive correlation
extraneous variables
ratio data
random sample
19. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
hypothesis
construct validity
replication
sampling bias
20. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
psychological test
mean
case study
frequency histogram
21. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent.
wording effects
random sample
placebo effect
population
22. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
z score
longitudinal research
correlational study
construct validity
23. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
random assignment
meta analysis
standard deviation
alternate form reliability
24. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
operational definition
cross-sectional research
longitudinal research
ratio data
25. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
controls
negative (left) skew
control condition
frequency histogram
26. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
confederates
split half reliability
controls
correlation
27. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
survey
debriefing
inter-rater reliability
hypothesis
28. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
ordinal data
population
ratio data
longitudinal research
29. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
mode
case study
empiricism
operational definition
30. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
nominal data
construct validity
correlational study
illusory correlation
31. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
percentile rank
median
positive (right) skew
theory
32. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
type two error
wording effects
p<.05
scatterplot
33. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
sampling bias
random assignment
replication
p<.05
34. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
debriefing
positive correlation
random selection
control condition
35. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
population
negative (left) skew
naturalistic observation
z score
36. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
generalizability
random assignment
naturalistic observation
p<.05
37. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
meta analysis
double-blind procedure
percentile rank
sampling bias
38. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
hindsight bias
longitudinal research
n
r
39. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
experimental condition
generalizability
illusory correlation
mean
40. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
type two error
experimenter bias
cohort effects
illusory correlation
41. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
interval data
ratio data
survey
correlational study
42. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
operational definition
hypothesis
deception
type one error
43. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
mean
sampling bias
positive (right) skew
extraneous variables
44. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
wording effects
theory
illusory correlation
confederates
45. More than one individual scores same test - regardless of who rates test - scores should be the same for _____ reliability
cross-sectional research
single-blind procedure
frequency polygon
inter-rater reliability
46. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
Hawthorne Effect
longitudinal research
quasi-experiment
statistical significance
47. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
type two error
frequency polygon
criterion validity
deception
48. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
test-retest reliability
random sample
experimental condition
naturalistic observation
49. Difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
empiricism
single-blind procedure
range
confounding of variables
50. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
deception
normal distribution
psychological test
alternate form reliability
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