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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
random sample
case study
correlational study
quasi experiment
2. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
correlation
illusory correlation
median
theory
3. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
dependent variable
experimental condition
case study
interval data
4. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
single-blind procedure
confederates
deception
r
5. Procedure that ensures every person in a population has an equal chance of being chosen to participate
ratio data
random selection
positive correlation
wording effects
6. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
correlation coefficient
random sample
content validity
overconfidence effect
7. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
confederates
double-blind procedure
r
construct validity
8. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
mode
ANOVA
negative (left) skew
operational definition
9. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
experimenter bias
scientific method
positive correlation
case study
10. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
dependent variable
r
generalizability
correlational study
11. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
negative correlation
experiment
validity
scatterplot
12. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
independent variable
survey
criterion validity
Hawthorne Effect
13. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
median
theory
longitudinal research
confounding of variables
14. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
criterion validity
controls
ratio data
positive (right) skew
15. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
cohort effects
longitudinal research
negative correlation
survey
16. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
operational definition
frequency polygon
confounding of variables
wording effects
17. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
correlation
controls
alternate form reliability
standard deviation
18. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
experimenter bias
empiricism
independent variable
criterion validity
19. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
inter-rater reliability
content validity
independent variable
overconfidence effect
20. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
normal distribution
social desirability bias
positive correlation
scientific method
21. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
validity
negative correlation
random assignment
criterion validity
22. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
z score
negative correlation
content validity
wording effects
23. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
experimental condition
naturalistic observation
z score
longitudinal research
24. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
sampling bias
generalizability
deception
nominal data
25. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
confounding of variables
ANOVA
correlational study
percentile rank
26. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
replication
r
random assignment
independent variable
27. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
content validity
longitudinal research
split half reliability
scientific method
28. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
social desirability bias
criterion validity
percentile rank
controls
29. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
deception
content validity
scatterplot
cross-sectional research
30. The probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically significant (not due to chance).
frequency histogram
p value
independent variable
correlation
31. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
generalizability
construct validity
quasi-experiment
operational definition
32. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
stratified sample
meta analysis
type two error
statistical significance
33. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
percentile rank
wording effects
psychological test
case study
34. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
hypothesis
control condition
type one error
illusory correlation
35. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
replication
p value
range
theory
36. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
random sample
content validity
psychological test
standard deviation
37. A test is divided into 2 halves and scores on the halves are compared to see if test is consistent within itself. Ex. compare odds & evens
split half reliability
standard deviation
statistical significance
random assignment
38. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
independent variable
null hypothesis
ordinal data
confederates
39. Condition of experiment that contrasts with experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
double-blind procedure
criterion validity
mode
control condition
40. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
wording effects
cohort effects
case study
face validity
41. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
controls
validity
experiment
p value
42. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
alternate form reliability
operational definition
false consensus effect
random assignment
43. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
interval data
Hawthorne Effect
validity
random sample
44. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
median
face validity
standard deviation
p<.05
45. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
mode
interval data
illusory correlation
positive correlation
46. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
test-retest reliability
positive correlation
false consensus effect
statistical significance
47. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
hypothesis
survey
null hypothesis
wording effects
48. Perception of a correlation between variables where none exists.
negative (left) skew
random selection
nominal data
illusory correlation
49. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
frequency histogram
standard deviation
population
negative correlation
50. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
empiricism
single-blind procedure
median
wording effects