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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
r
mode
random assignment
single-blind procedure
2. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
correlation coefficient
ANOVA
stratified sample
quasi-experiment
3. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
scatterplot
social desirability bias
experiment
statistical significance
4. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
generalizability
criterion validity
confederates
negative (left) skew
5. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
positive correlation
mean
population
face validity
6. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
cohort effects
experiment
nominal data
standard deviation
7. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
r
confounding of variables
p<.05
replication
8. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
experiment
z score
hindsight bias
ordinal data
9. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
scatterplot
illusory correlation
cohort effects
operational definition
10. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
frequency polygon
experiment
content validity
psychological test
11. Hypothesis that predicts NO relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
operational definition
null hypothesis
frequency histogram
population
12. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
mean
face validity
confounding of variables
case study
13. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
quasi-experiment
experimental condition
z score
experiment
14. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
illusory correlation
survey
wording effects
confederates
15. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
ratio data
p<.05
overconfidence effect
percentile rank
16. Procedure in which info that could introduce bias the result is withheld from participants - but experimenter will be in full possession of facts
single-blind procedure
random sample
Hawthorne Effect
experimenter bias
17. Skewed distribution where data has many more scores toward the lower end of the distribution
inter-rater reliability
positive (right) skew
controls
alternate form reliability
18. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
negative correlation
random sample
debriefing
single-blind procedure
19. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
confederates
construct validity
mode
cross-sectional research
20. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
correlational study
random assignment
content validity
placebo effect
21. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
p value
p<.05
controls
mean
22. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
split half reliability
criterion validity
sampling bias
illusory correlation
23. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
overconfidence effect
false consensus effect
alternate form reliability
null hypothesis
24. Extent to which a test yields consistent results - a measure is repeatable
nominal data
wording effects
controls
reliability
25. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
mode
ANOVA
meta analysis
random assignment
26. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
wording effects
type one error
Hawthorne Effect
extraneous variables
27. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
validity
single-blind procedure
range
false consensus effect
28. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
Hawthorne Effect
percentile rank
statistical significance
case study
29. A test is divided into 2 halves and scores on the halves are compared to see if test is consistent within itself. Ex. compare odds & evens
split half reliability
Hawthorne Effect
false consensus effect
cohort effects
30. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
criterion validity
interval data
single-blind procedure
operational definition
31. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
construct validity
random sample
n
double-blind procedure
32. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
quasi experiment
correlation coefficient
frequency polygon
Hawthorne Effect
33. Bell-shaped curve that results when values of a trait in a population are plotted against their frequency
positive (right) skew
social desirability bias
normal distribution
quasi-experiment
34. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
criterion validity
split half reliability
mean
nominal data
35. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
percentile rank
controls
standard deviation
confounding of variables
36. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
z score
positive correlation
mean
random selection
37. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
overconfidence effect
negative (left) skew
theory
percentile rank
38. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
naturalistic observation
extraneous variables
positive correlation
content validity
39. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
population
social desirability bias
split half reliability
z score
40. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
experimenter bias
independent variable
p<.05
type one error
41. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
hypothesis
illusory correlation
cohort effects
p value
42. Perception of relationship where none exists.
mode
hypothesis
positive correlation
illusory correlation
43. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
wording effects
meta analysis
stratified sample
case study
44. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
range
correlation
reliability
overconfidence effect
45. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
positive (right) skew
n
test-retest reliability
stratified sample
46. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
case study
n
scatterplot
positive (right) skew
47. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
debriefing
p<.05
psychological test
statistical significance
48. Condition of experiment that contrasts with experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
operational definition
control condition
theory
illusory correlation
49. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
experimenter bias
content validity
null hypothesis
independent variable
50. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
statistical significance
confederates
alternate form reliability
median