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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
positive correlation
z score
naturalistic observation
social desirability bias
2. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
Hawthorne Effect
psychological test
replication
validity
3. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
null hypothesis
validity
sampling bias
positive (right) skew
4. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
scatterplot
correlation
percentile rank
cross-sectional research
5. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
p<.05
mean
social desirability bias
positive (right) skew
6. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
type one error
negative correlation
quasi-experiment
case study
7. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent.
random selection
statistical significance
stratified sample
placebo effect
8. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
random sample
mode
quasi-experiment
theory
9. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
operational definition
social desirability bias
quasi experiment
statistical significance
10. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
control condition
type two error
scientific method
psychological test
11. Statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or define a particular term specifically in a study
wording effects
reliability
deception
operational definition
12. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
range
random sample
confederates
wording effects
13. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
inter-rater reliability
interval data
Hawthorne Effect
mean
14. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
cohort effects
cross-sectional research
alternate form reliability
scientific method
15. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
ratio data
hindsight bias
interval data
case study
16. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
random assignment
longitudinal research
survey
hindsight bias
17. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
random selection
naturalistic observation
construct validity
positive correlation
18. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
quasi-experiment
construct validity
scientific method
Hawthorne Effect
19. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
test-retest reliability
percentile rank
ANOVA
dependent variable
20. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
case study
random assignment
r
mode
21. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
p value
controls
positive correlation
percentile rank
22. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
positive (right) skew
mean
p<.05
debriefing
23. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
operational definition
random assignment
confounding of variables
experimental condition
24. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
correlational study
Hawthorne Effect
quasi experiment
normal distribution
25. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
Hawthorne Effect
mode
correlational study
random sample
26. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
positive (right) skew
debriefing
inter-rater reliability
standard deviation
27. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
extraneous variables
control condition
random sample
dependent variable
28. Difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
criterion validity
reliability
range
p value
29. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
n
Hawthorne Effect
p<.05
experimental condition
30. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
median
face validity
social desirability bias
statistical significance
31. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
reliability
random sample
experimenter bias
quasi experiment
32. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
correlational study
standard deviation
false consensus effect
Hawthorne Effect
33. Skewed distribution where data has many more scores toward the lower end of the distribution
debriefing
z score
operational definition
positive (right) skew
34. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
inter-rater reliability
operational definition
mode
positive correlation
35. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
scatterplot
double-blind procedure
n
confounding of variables
36. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
deception
random assignment
cohort effects
content validity
37. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
ratio data
alternate form reliability
psychological test
correlational study
38. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
split half reliability
cohort effects
Hawthorne Effect
false consensus effect
39. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
mode
z score
type one error
ratio data
40. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
validity
cross-sectional research
content validity
overconfidence effect
41. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
survey
ratio data
median
random assignment
42. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
correlation
control condition
quasi experiment
median
43. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
type one error
independent variable
confounding of variables
hypothesis
44. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
median
standard deviation
negative correlation
experiment
45. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
content validity
experimental condition
ratio data
construct validity
46. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
double-blind procedure
psychological test
Hawthorne Effect
cohort effects
47. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
z score
positive (right) skew
generalizability
negative (left) skew
48. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
frequency histogram
replication
hypothesis
experiment
49. More than one individual scores same test - regardless of who rates test - scores should be the same for _____ reliability
inter-rater reliability
control condition
debriefing
case study
50. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
correlation coefficient
experimental condition
type two error
random selection