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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
control condition
cross-sectional research
z score
deception
2. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
social desirability bias
z score
confederates
operational definition
3. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
ANOVA
ordinal data
experimental condition
single-blind procedure
4. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
replication
construct validity
p<.05
n
5. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
overconfidence effect
wording effects
confederates
naturalistic observation
6. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
random sample
false consensus effect
criterion validity
wording effects
7. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
ANOVA
mode
longitudinal research
placebo effect
8. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
scientific method
correlational study
standard deviation
interval data
9. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
negative correlation
correlation
Hawthorne Effect
random assignment
10. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
interval data
random sample
single-blind procedure
random assignment
11. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
validity
split half reliability
type two error
ANOVA
12. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
independent variable
criterion validity
Hawthorne Effect
social desirability bias
13. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
correlation
frequency histogram
frequency polygon
generalizability
14. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
r
scientific method
median
random assignment
15. Hypothesis that predicts NO relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
mean
null hypothesis
experimenter bias
positive correlation
16. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
cross-sectional research
debriefing
random selection
random sample
17. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
p<.05
scientific method
longitudinal research
hypothesis
18. Skewed distribution where data has many more scores toward the lower end of the distribution
double-blind procedure
confederates
positive (right) skew
z score
19. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
content validity
type one error
sampling bias
experimenter bias
20. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
quasi-experiment
type two error
criterion validity
frequency histogram
21. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
alternate form reliability
hypothesis
positive (right) skew
experimenter bias
22. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
cross-sectional research
correlation
longitudinal research
Hawthorne Effect
23. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
face validity
standard deviation
type one error
dependent variable
24. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
interval data
extraneous variables
social desirability bias
wording effects
25. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
frequency polygon
wording effects
positive correlation
hindsight bias
26. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
percentile rank
frequency polygon
placebo effect
quasi experiment
27. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
statistical significance
random assignment
random sample
sampling bias
28. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
content validity
reliability
negative correlation
theory
29. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
validity
extraneous variables
null hypothesis
correlation coefficient
30. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
experimenter bias
sampling bias
correlation
extraneous variables
31. Condition of experiment that contrasts with experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
p value
control condition
frequency polygon
standard deviation
32. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
p<.05
nominal data
type one error
replication
33. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
operational definition
correlational study
scatterplot
replication
34. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
quasi experiment
negative correlation
experiment
p<.05
35. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
scatterplot
construct validity
placebo effect
Hawthorne Effect
36. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
longitudinal research
controls
interval data
illusory correlation
37. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
standard deviation
r
face validity
independent variable
38. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
negative correlation
range
validity
longitudinal research
39. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
operational definition
confounding of variables
alternate form reliability
quasi experiment
40. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
replication
z score
control condition
confounding of variables
41. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
ordinal data
experimental condition
quasi experiment
construct validity
42. Perception of relationship where none exists.
ANOVA
operational definition
illusory correlation
Hawthorne Effect
43. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
interval data
standard deviation
hindsight bias
hypothesis
44. Perception of a correlation between variables where none exists.
deception
meta analysis
p value
illusory correlation
45. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
positive correlation
ordinal data
illusory correlation
Hawthorne Effect
46. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
wording effects
case study
cohort effects
nominal data
47. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
quasi experiment
experimental condition
random sample
double-blind procedure
48. If you take the same test 2x's & you get the same results it shows ______ reliability
placebo effect
frequency histogram
mean
test-retest reliability
49. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
mode
dependent variable
median
frequency polygon
50. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
stratified sample
mean
social desirability bias
hypothesis