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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
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Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
alternate form reliability
random sample
dependent variable
theory
2. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
scatterplot
negative correlation
p value
wording effects
3. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
dependent variable
naturalistic observation
survey
scatterplot
4. The probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically significant (not due to chance).
experiment
p value
survey
empiricism
5. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
random selection
meta analysis
positive (right) skew
deception
6. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
replication
random assignment
operational definition
random selection
7. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
mean
p<.05
statistical significance
confounding of variables
8. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
quasi experiment
quasi-experiment
statistical significance
negative correlation
9. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
scientific method
ordinal data
random assignment
nominal data
10. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
standard deviation
p<.05
case study
z score
11. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
p value
dependent variable
operational definition
hindsight bias
12. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
debriefing
case study
positive correlation
operational definition
13. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
deception
ordinal data
positive correlation
control condition
14. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
negative correlation
construct validity
experimenter bias
null hypothesis
15. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
hindsight bias
single-blind procedure
operational definition
population
16. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
p value
independent variable
test-retest reliability
wording effects
17. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
experimenter bias
stratified sample
mean
psychological test
18. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
wording effects
random assignment
standard deviation
correlation
19. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
Hawthorne Effect
debriefing
confederates
face validity
20. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
criterion validity
overconfidence effect
social desirability bias
false consensus effect
21. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
single-blind procedure
illusory correlation
naturalistic observation
experimental condition
22. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
standard deviation
Hawthorne Effect
survey
dependent variable
23. Procedure that ensures every person in a population has an equal chance of being chosen to participate
wording effects
confounding of variables
correlation
random selection
24. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
positive correlation
percentile rank
Hawthorne Effect
criterion validity
25. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
false consensus effect
standard deviation
debriefing
scientific method
26. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
hypothesis
random selection
longitudinal research
type two error
27. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
random sample
experimental condition
cross-sectional research
confederates
28. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
longitudinal research
positive (right) skew
p<.05
independent variable
29. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
nominal data
r
meta analysis
test-retest reliability
30. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
double-blind procedure
cross-sectional research
random selection
single-blind procedure
31. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
random sample
hypothesis
social desirability bias
quasi experiment
32. Hypothesis that predicts NO relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
test-retest reliability
mean
hypothesis
null hypothesis
33. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
quasi experiment
hypothesis
longitudinal research
correlational study
34. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
control condition
overconfidence effect
psychological test
random assignment
35. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
percentile rank
illusory correlation
face validity
n
36. Statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or define a particular term specifically in a study
cohort effects
positive (right) skew
single-blind procedure
operational definition
37. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
nominal data
Hawthorne Effect
naturalistic observation
quasi-experiment
38. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
split half reliability
interval data
population
inter-rater reliability
39. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
quasi experiment
overconfidence effect
false consensus effect
validity
40. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
ANOVA
ordinal data
wording effects
case study
41. If you take the same test 2x's & you get the same results it shows ______ reliability
test-retest reliability
validity
hypothesis
extraneous variables
42. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
psychological test
scatterplot
hindsight bias
random assignment
43. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent.
wording effects
placebo effect
reliability
survey
44. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
illusory correlation
psychological test
frequency polygon
social desirability bias
45. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
median
positive correlation
psychological test
frequency histogram
46. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
validity
ordinal data
z score
positive (right) skew
47. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
debriefing
Hawthorne Effect
type one error
experiment
48. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
meta analysis
experimental condition
content validity
debriefing
49. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
negative (left) skew
stratified sample
sampling bias
interval data
50. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
naturalistic observation
frequency histogram
correlation
criterion validity
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