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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
Hawthorne Effect
wording effects
Hawthorne Effect
confederates
2. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
experimenter bias
quasi-experiment
correlation coefficient
correlation
3. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
control condition
population
experimenter bias
correlation coefficient
4. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
debriefing
quasi-experiment
illusory correlation
z score
5. The probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically significant (not due to chance).
correlation
inter-rater reliability
Hawthorne Effect
p value
6. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
z score
alternate form reliability
experiment
split half reliability
7. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
double-blind procedure
ratio data
experimental condition
case study
8. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
hindsight bias
negative correlation
case study
random sample
9. Perception of relationship where none exists.
Hawthorne Effect
illusory correlation
survey
correlational study
10. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
type two error
experiment
stratified sample
Hawthorne Effect
11. More than one individual scores same test - regardless of who rates test - scores should be the same for _____ reliability
inter-rater reliability
placebo effect
dependent variable
correlation
12. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
placebo effect
mode
controls
single-blind procedure
13. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
confederates
sampling bias
scientific method
negative correlation
14. Hypothesis that predicts NO relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
null hypothesis
naturalistic observation
test-retest reliability
independent variable
15. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
Hawthorne Effect
false consensus effect
type two error
overconfidence effect
16. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
type two error
deception
operational definition
survey
17. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
experimenter bias
confounding of variables
illusory correlation
deception
18. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
reliability
quasi experiment
standard deviation
statistical significance
19. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
operational definition
percentile rank
reliability
wording effects
20. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
alternate form reliability
correlational study
negative (left) skew
false consensus effect
21. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
cohort effects
independent variable
wording effects
Hawthorne Effect
22. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
scientific method
survey
p<.05
single-blind procedure
23. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
correlation
p<.05
population
positive correlation
24. Bell-shaped curve that results when values of a trait in a population are plotted against their frequency
normal distribution
statistical significance
cross-sectional research
positive (right) skew
25. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
n
quasi experiment
z score
survey
26. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
correlational study
random selection
extraneous variables
test-retest reliability
27. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
longitudinal research
deception
wording effects
test-retest reliability
28. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
quasi experiment
correlation
correlation coefficient
replication
29. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
interval data
meta analysis
median
alternate form reliability
30. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
test-retest reliability
psychological test
social desirability bias
operational definition
31. Extent to which a test yields consistent results - a measure is repeatable
false consensus effect
reliability
random assignment
random selection
32. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
independent variable
r
experimental condition
cohort effects
33. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
single-blind procedure
negative (left) skew
quasi-experiment
scatterplot
34. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
scientific method
random sample
mean
negative correlation
35. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
generalizability
population
cohort effects
percentile rank
36. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
frequency polygon
cross-sectional research
case study
dependent variable
37. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
n
controls
test-retest reliability
range
38. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
naturalistic observation
sampling bias
case study
random selection
39. A test is divided into 2 halves and scores on the halves are compared to see if test is consistent within itself. Ex. compare odds & evens
experimenter bias
quasi experiment
split half reliability
frequency polygon
40. If you take the same test 2x's & you get the same results it shows ______ reliability
content validity
random sample
ANOVA
test-retest reliability
41. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
ordinal data
random sample
construct validity
deception
42. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
positive (right) skew
frequency histogram
positive correlation
stratified sample
43. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
replication
case study
hypothesis
median
44. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
experimenter bias
deception
naturalistic observation
random assignment
45. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
replication
Hawthorne Effect
psychological test
single-blind procedure
46. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
mode
ordinal data
meta analysis
statistical significance
47. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
hypothesis
single-blind procedure
scientific method
psychological test
48. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
test-retest reliability
validity
confederates
generalizability
49. Procedure in which info that could introduce bias the result is withheld from participants - but experimenter will be in full possession of facts
extraneous variables
longitudinal research
frequency histogram
single-blind procedure
50. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
ordinal data
nominal data
negative correlation
sampling bias