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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
r
construct validity
percentile rank
correlational study
2. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
population
independent variable
median
dependent variable
3. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
dependent variable
false consensus effect
meta analysis
median
4. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
social desirability bias
stratified sample
dependent variable
mean
5. Bell-shaped curve that results when values of a trait in a population are plotted against their frequency
single-blind procedure
operational definition
debriefing
normal distribution
6. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
random sample
case study
frequency histogram
confounding of variables
7. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
Hawthorne Effect
mean
sampling bias
frequency polygon
8. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
scatterplot
naturalistic observation
mean
null hypothesis
9. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
standard deviation
type one error
generalizability
confederates
10. A test is divided into 2 halves and scores on the halves are compared to see if test is consistent within itself. Ex. compare odds & evens
wording effects
split half reliability
random assignment
controls
11. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
meta analysis
confounding of variables
positive (right) skew
double-blind procedure
12. Perception of a correlation between variables where none exists.
extraneous variables
statistical significance
reliability
illusory correlation
13. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
frequency histogram
control condition
sampling bias
normal distribution
14. Difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
random sample
range
illusory correlation
naturalistic observation
15. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
type one error
longitudinal research
null hypothesis
correlation coefficient
16. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
correlation
empiricism
experimenter bias
face validity
17. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
wording effects
n
hypothesis
scatterplot
18. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
cohort effects
random assignment
experiment
wording effects
19. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
z score
criterion validity
statistical significance
dependent variable
20. Extent to which a test yields consistent results - a measure is repeatable
operational definition
p value
reliability
negative (left) skew
21. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
quasi-experiment
generalizability
experimental condition
scientific method
22. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
percentile rank
extraneous variables
dependent variable
split half reliability
23. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
split half reliability
percentile rank
positive correlation
type two error
24. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
negative correlation
positive correlation
replication
content validity
25. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
mode
positive correlation
case study
experimenter bias
26. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
hindsight bias
mean
wording effects
population
27. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
correlational study
overconfidence effect
criterion validity
type two error
28. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
theory
wording effects
population
nominal data
29. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
wording effects
validity
content validity
alternate form reliability
30. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
population
standard deviation
content validity
ANOVA
31. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
content validity
z score
interval data
debriefing
32. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
experimental condition
wording effects
survey
Hawthorne Effect
33. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
nominal data
validity
single-blind procedure
double-blind procedure
34. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
deception
case study
p value
random sample
35. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
naturalistic observation
random assignment
split half reliability
interval data
36. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
statistical significance
test-retest reliability
experimenter bias
frequency polygon
37. Hypothesis that predicts NO relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
wording effects
null hypothesis
content validity
positive (right) skew
38. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
hypothesis
hindsight bias
median
confederates
39. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
statistical significance
overconfidence effect
sampling bias
type two error
40. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
standard deviation
false consensus effect
hypothesis
random selection
41. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
psychological test
normal distribution
population
double-blind procedure
42. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
type one error
median
cross-sectional research
cohort effects
43. Statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or define a particular term specifically in a study
statistical significance
meta analysis
frequency histogram
operational definition
44. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
random assignment
experiment
mode
cross-sectional research
45. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent.
nominal data
placebo effect
p value
hindsight bias
46. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
control condition
negative correlation
social desirability bias
wording effects
47. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
percentile rank
correlation
median
deception
48. If you take the same test 2x's & you get the same results it shows ______ reliability
test-retest reliability
generalizability
theory
replication
49. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
null hypothesis
survey
ratio data
positive correlation
50. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
scientific method
ANOVA
scatterplot
longitudinal research