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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
psychological test
scatterplot
cross-sectional research
sampling bias
2. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
nominal data
extraneous variables
construct validity
negative correlation
3. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
criterion validity
random sample
stratified sample
false consensus effect
4. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
inter-rater reliability
quasi-experiment
standard deviation
normal distribution
5. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
normal distribution
single-blind procedure
double-blind procedure
random sample
6. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
false consensus effect
negative correlation
sampling bias
experimenter bias
7. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
content validity
dependent variable
debriefing
mode
8. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
construct validity
random assignment
survey
type one error
9. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
deception
quasi experiment
debriefing
negative correlation
10. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
illusory correlation
population
r
extraneous variables
11. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
case study
ratio data
independent variable
experimenter bias
12. The probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically significant (not due to chance).
debriefing
illusory correlation
p value
correlational study
13. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
ANOVA
replication
Hawthorne Effect
debriefing
14. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
percentile rank
quasi experiment
negative correlation
normal distribution
15. Procedure in which info that could introduce bias the result is withheld from participants - but experimenter will be in full possession of facts
single-blind procedure
criterion validity
experiment
positive correlation
16. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
survey
population
meta analysis
theory
17. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
dependent variable
percentile rank
wording effects
negative correlation
18. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
standard deviation
normal distribution
independent variable
median
19. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
psychological test
empiricism
negative (left) skew
ANOVA
20. Perception of relationship where none exists.
ratio data
illusory correlation
theory
mode
21. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
experimenter bias
standard deviation
positive correlation
mean
22. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
reliability
hypothesis
face validity
ordinal data
23. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
ANOVA
negative correlation
social desirability bias
dependent variable
24. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
interval data
experimental condition
naturalistic observation
type one error
25. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
experimenter bias
replication
content validity
population
26. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
content validity
controls
frequency polygon
null hypothesis
27. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
cross-sectional research
random assignment
correlational study
nominal data
28. If you take the same test 2x's & you get the same results it shows ______ reliability
empiricism
test-retest reliability
random assignment
correlation
29. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
placebo effect
single-blind procedure
random assignment
negative (left) skew
30. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
extraneous variables
experiment
double-blind procedure
independent variable
31. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
r
illusory correlation
cross-sectional research
operational definition
32. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
positive correlation
validity
alternate form reliability
double-blind procedure
33. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
empiricism
debriefing
random sample
positive correlation
34. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
false consensus effect
correlation coefficient
sampling bias
cross-sectional research
35. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
random sample
operational definition
longitudinal research
operational definition
36. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
inter-rater reliability
longitudinal research
n
empiricism
37. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
naturalistic observation
cohort effects
validity
frequency histogram
38. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
meta analysis
correlation
mean
wording effects
39. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
normal distribution
cohort effects
hindsight bias
hypothesis
40. More than one individual scores same test - regardless of who rates test - scores should be the same for _____ reliability
inter-rater reliability
random assignment
split half reliability
naturalistic observation
41. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
false consensus effect
positive correlation
standard deviation
validity
42. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
correlation
scatterplot
operational definition
ANOVA
43. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
random assignment
n
criterion validity
frequency polygon
44. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
case study
random assignment
quasi experiment
survey
45. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
correlation
population
replication
nominal data
46. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
social desirability bias
confederates
meta analysis
normal distribution
47. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
empiricism
positive correlation
normal distribution
random sample
48. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
p<.05
experiment
split half reliability
type two error
49. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
face validity
theory
quasi-experiment
p<.05
50. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
content validity
test-retest reliability
median
cross-sectional research