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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
random sample
standard deviation
range
face validity
2. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
random selection
range
frequency polygon
experimental condition
3. Hypothesis that predicts NO relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
null hypothesis
test-retest reliability
p<.05
criterion validity
4. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
experiment
negative correlation
positive correlation
illusory correlation
5. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
hindsight bias
frequency histogram
ratio data
criterion validity
6. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
p value
hypothesis
independent variable
illusory correlation
7. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
population
content validity
split half reliability
correlation
8. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
p<.05
hypothesis
ANOVA
random assignment
9. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
naturalistic observation
experiment
case study
nominal data
10. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
hypothesis
range
debriefing
Hawthorne Effect
11. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
operational definition
case study
median
correlation coefficient
12. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
p<.05
range
generalizability
independent variable
13. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
frequency histogram
debriefing
validity
construct validity
14. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
Hawthorne Effect
negative correlation
deception
confederates
15. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
null hypothesis
case study
interval data
hindsight bias
16. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
illusory correlation
theory
content validity
ratio data
17. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
mode
meta analysis
negative correlation
hypothesis
18. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
negative correlation
hindsight bias
case study
quasi experiment
19. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
confounding of variables
n
split half reliability
correlation coefficient
20. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
theory
interval data
cohort effects
ANOVA
21. Procedure in which info that could introduce bias the result is withheld from participants - but experimenter will be in full possession of facts
single-blind procedure
double-blind procedure
psychological test
content validity
22. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
positive (right) skew
case study
experimenter bias
criterion validity
23. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
dependent variable
replication
experimental condition
confederates
24. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
wording effects
random assignment
case study
construct validity
25. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
scientific method
test-retest reliability
random selection
naturalistic observation
26. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
experimenter bias
deception
criterion validity
inter-rater reliability
27. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
reliability
stratified sample
quasi experiment
mode
28. Condition of experiment that contrasts with experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
ANOVA
control condition
p<.05
alternate form reliability
29. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
hypothesis
hindsight bias
case study
social desirability bias
30. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
z score
experiment
nominal data
random sample
31. Skewed distribution where data has many more scores toward the lower end of the distribution
normal distribution
standard deviation
positive (right) skew
random assignment
32. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
control condition
standard deviation
z score
normal distribution
33. A test is divided into 2 halves and scores on the halves are compared to see if test is consistent within itself. Ex. compare odds & evens
split half reliability
interval data
mode
p<.05
34. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
hypothesis
psychological test
n
random assignment
35. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
z score
naturalistic observation
inter-rater reliability
independent variable
36. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
validity
positive (right) skew
wording effects
statistical significance
37. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
meta analysis
n
scatterplot
content validity
38. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
frequency polygon
ordinal data
experiment
random assignment
39. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
quasi experiment
population
scatterplot
face validity
40. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
test-retest reliability
ANOVA
interval data
normal distribution
41. The probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically significant (not due to chance).
case study
experiment
p value
operational definition
42. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
median
p<.05
construct validity
random sample
43. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
single-blind procedure
longitudinal research
replication
positive (right) skew
44. Bell-shaped curve that results when values of a trait in a population are plotted against their frequency
face validity
normal distribution
frequency histogram
inter-rater reliability
45. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
dependent variable
population
false consensus effect
generalizability
46. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
controls
negative (left) skew
z score
range
47. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
mode
double-blind procedure
quasi experiment
random sample
48. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
sampling bias
Hawthorne Effect
ANOVA
construct validity
49. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
generalizability
negative correlation
wording effects
psychological test
50. Difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
experiment
face validity
content validity
range