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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
construct validity
illusory correlation
experimental condition
hindsight bias
2. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
random assignment
mean
experiment
quasi-experiment
3. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
cross-sectional research
null hypothesis
range
longitudinal research
4. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
Hawthorne Effect
meta analysis
confederates
dependent variable
5. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
n
nominal data
p value
Hawthorne Effect
6. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
median
validity
sampling bias
ANOVA
7. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
type two error
controls
psychological test
positive correlation
8. Procedure that ensures every person in a population has an equal chance of being chosen to participate
random selection
case study
double-blind procedure
statistical significance
9. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
construct validity
random assignment
content validity
standard deviation
10. A test is divided into 2 halves and scores on the halves are compared to see if test is consistent within itself. Ex. compare odds & evens
construct validity
split half reliability
statistical significance
frequency histogram
11. Perception of a correlation between variables where none exists.
test-retest reliability
illusory correlation
case study
cohort effects
12. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
extraneous variables
mode
hindsight bias
negative correlation
13. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
wording effects
confederates
reliability
statistical significance
14. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
stratified sample
cross-sectional research
content validity
criterion validity
15. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
z score
positive correlation
positive (right) skew
quasi experiment
16. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
correlation
alternate form reliability
cohort effects
hypothesis
17. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
random selection
positive correlation
r
single-blind procedure
18. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
cross-sectional research
longitudinal research
interval data
extraneous variables
19. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
independent variable
ordinal data
population
random assignment
20. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
debriefing
correlational study
extraneous variables
psychological test
21. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
empiricism
random assignment
frequency histogram
correlation coefficient
22. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
negative correlation
scientific method
correlational study
theory
23. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
percentile rank
ratio data
scatterplot
naturalistic observation
24. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
false consensus effect
negative correlation
controls
ratio data
25. Bell-shaped curve that results when values of a trait in a population are plotted against their frequency
ordinal data
interval data
normal distribution
survey
26. Difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
range
single-blind procedure
construct validity
longitudinal research
27. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
theory
replication
percentile rank
case study
28. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
test-retest reliability
frequency histogram
cohort effects
interval data
29. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
cross-sectional research
Hawthorne Effect
null hypothesis
ratio data
30. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
longitudinal research
type one error
placebo effect
correlational study
31. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
correlation coefficient
illusory correlation
negative correlation
replication
32. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
overconfidence effect
deception
Hawthorne Effect
single-blind procedure
33. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
quasi-experiment
random sample
range
alternate form reliability
34. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
statistical significance
single-blind procedure
range
mean
35. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
p value
psychological test
illusory correlation
mode
36. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
mode
confederates
wording effects
positive correlation
37. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
dependent variable
ratio data
negative correlation
controls
38. More than one individual scores same test - regardless of who rates test - scores should be the same for _____ reliability
inter-rater reliability
quasi experiment
split half reliability
controls
39. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
survey
random sample
test-retest reliability
mode
40. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
longitudinal research
stratified sample
experimenter bias
confederates
41. View that science flourishes through observation and experiment.
illusory correlation
double-blind procedure
empiricism
validity
42. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
mean
dependent variable
negative (left) skew
confounding of variables
43. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
reliability
frequency polygon
wording effects
population
44. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
face validity
frequency polygon
wording effects
operational definition
45. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
n
negative correlation
wording effects
positive correlation
46. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
operational definition
test-retest reliability
independent variable
placebo effect
47. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
type one error
validity
single-blind procedure
Hawthorne Effect
48. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
correlation coefficient
content validity
dependent variable
quasi-experiment
49. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
wording effects
negative (left) skew
p<.05
alternate form reliability
50. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
mean
construct validity
negative (left) skew
frequency histogram