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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
empiricism
negative correlation
extraneous variables
psychological test
2. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
cohort effects
confederates
percentile rank
type two error
3. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
random sample
scientific method
correlation
confederates
4. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
normal distribution
deception
type one error
nominal data
5. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
longitudinal research
debriefing
p<.05
single-blind procedure
6. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
random selection
experimenter bias
cohort effects
positive correlation
7. Skewed distribution where data has many more scores toward the lower end of the distribution
correlation
hindsight bias
positive (right) skew
split half reliability
8. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
p value
construct validity
hindsight bias
scatterplot
9. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
correlation coefficient
meta analysis
Hawthorne Effect
random assignment
10. View that science flourishes through observation and experiment.
operational definition
social desirability bias
empiricism
random sample
11. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
criterion validity
population
random assignment
standard deviation
12. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
cohort effects
z score
criterion validity
experiment
13. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
false consensus effect
single-blind procedure
split half reliability
r
14. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
dependent variable
alternate form reliability
random sample
operational definition
15. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
scatterplot
confounding of variables
construct validity
mode
16. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
p<.05
frequency polygon
independent variable
type one error
17. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
operational definition
survey
sampling bias
standard deviation
18. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
median
Hawthorne Effect
ordinal data
mean
19. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
confederates
survey
confounding of variables
hindsight bias
20. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
median
p value
negative correlation
negative (left) skew
21. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
type two error
overconfidence effect
correlation coefficient
deception
22. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
cross-sectional research
operational definition
positive correlation
experiment
23. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
positive correlation
nominal data
standard deviation
cohort effects
24. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
p value
test-retest reliability
dependent variable
normal distribution
25. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
dependent variable
r
naturalistic observation
confederates
26. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
experimental condition
confederates
case study
longitudinal research
27. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
false consensus effect
inter-rater reliability
longitudinal research
face validity
28. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
construct validity
operational definition
case study
Hawthorne Effect
29. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
reliability
p<.05
extraneous variables
false consensus effect
30. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
scatterplot
p<.05
illusory correlation
r
31. Extent to which a test yields consistent results - a measure is repeatable
reliability
single-blind procedure
scatterplot
double-blind procedure
32. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
positive (right) skew
z score
split half reliability
mean
33. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
overconfidence effect
Hawthorne Effect
confederates
random assignment
34. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
operational definition
ordinal data
positive correlation
Hawthorne Effect
35. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
validity
percentile rank
nominal data
case study
36. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
type two error
reliability
longitudinal research
test-retest reliability
37. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
random sample
meta analysis
confounding of variables
mode
38. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
type two error
correlation coefficient
controls
case study
39. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
split half reliability
independent variable
replication
case study
40. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
operational definition
ratio data
illusory correlation
median
41. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
independent variable
type two error
experiment
correlation
42. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
debriefing
wording effects
illusory correlation
generalizability
43. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
experiment
single-blind procedure
random selection
statistical significance
44. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
mean
dependent variable
illusory correlation
positive correlation
45. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
content validity
operational definition
hypothesis
sampling bias
46. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
alternate form reliability
random assignment
quasi experiment
deception
47. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
generalizability
illusory correlation
hypothesis
cross-sectional research
48. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
z score
random assignment
mode
correlation coefficient
49. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
naturalistic observation
negative correlation
experimenter bias
illusory correlation
50. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
experiment
replication
hindsight bias
cohort effects