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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
face validity
generalizability
operational definition
case study
2. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
ANOVA
percentile rank
r
z score
3. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
nominal data
negative correlation
meta analysis
independent variable
4. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
single-blind procedure
dependent variable
random selection
operational definition
5. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
hypothesis
statistical significance
independent variable
longitudinal research
6. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
operational definition
double-blind procedure
alternate form reliability
confederates
7. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
p value
ANOVA
psychological test
correlation coefficient
8. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
median
frequency histogram
standard deviation
construct validity
9. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
sampling bias
positive correlation
standard deviation
theory
10. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
alternate form reliability
ratio data
extraneous variables
deception
11. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
correlation coefficient
Hawthorne Effect
hindsight bias
debriefing
12. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
p value
negative (left) skew
type two error
null hypothesis
13. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
mean
scatterplot
interval data
operational definition
14. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
construct validity
criterion validity
Hawthorne Effect
scientific method
15. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
wording effects
population
p value
replication
16. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
hindsight bias
illusory correlation
statistical significance
theory
17. Difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
overconfidence effect
longitudinal research
range
scatterplot
18. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
naturalistic observation
case study
case study
wording effects
19. Skewed distribution where data has many more scores toward the lower end of the distribution
positive (right) skew
test-retest reliability
Hawthorne Effect
r
20. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
social desirability bias
meta analysis
n
frequency polygon
21. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
operational definition
correlation coefficient
control condition
mode
22. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
random assignment
criterion validity
generalizability
controls
23. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
scatterplot
single-blind procedure
percentile rank
operational definition
24. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
frequency histogram
negative correlation
deception
type one error
25. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
overconfidence effect
null hypothesis
negative correlation
theory
26. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
double-blind procedure
split half reliability
case study
ratio data
27. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
negative correlation
negative (left) skew
survey
illusory correlation
28. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
content validity
Hawthorne Effect
quasi experiment
inter-rater reliability
29. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
theory
experimenter bias
longitudinal research
operational definition
30. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
confederates
operational definition
naturalistic observation
frequency polygon
31. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
extraneous variables
scatterplot
median
random sample
32. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
wording effects
split half reliability
false consensus effect
empiricism
33. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
empiricism
Hawthorne Effect
positive (right) skew
false consensus effect
34. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
dependent variable
interval data
correlational study
percentile rank
35. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
face validity
debriefing
ratio data
replication
36. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
hindsight bias
nominal data
reliability
experiment
37. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
case study
Hawthorne Effect
quasi-experiment
replication
38. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
experimenter bias
hypothesis
random assignment
false consensus effect
39. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
experiment
replication
interval data
validity
40. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
random assignment
frequency polygon
construct validity
random sample
41. More than one individual scores same test - regardless of who rates test - scores should be the same for _____ reliability
mode
inter-rater reliability
quasi-experiment
null hypothesis
42. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
cross-sectional research
z score
control condition
reliability
43. Perception of relationship where none exists.
p<.05
type one error
illusory correlation
deception
44. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
normal distribution
empiricism
experimenter bias
mean
45. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
false consensus effect
test-retest reliability
stratified sample
frequency polygon
46. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
false consensus effect
random sample
confederates
test-retest reliability
47. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
hindsight bias
type one error
mean
validity
48. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
type one error
survey
correlational study
ordinal data
49. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
random assignment
population
hypothesis
split half reliability
50. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
Hawthorne Effect
deception
scatterplot
false consensus effect