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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Perception of a correlation between variables where none exists.
positive correlation
hypothesis
illusory correlation
interval data
2. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
test-retest reliability
cross-sectional research
illusory correlation
wording effects
3. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
wording effects
placebo effect
r
random assignment
4. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
confounding of variables
ANOVA
statistical significance
ordinal data
5. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
control condition
random sample
null hypothesis
mean
6. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
empiricism
test-retest reliability
negative correlation
deception
7. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
face validity
criterion validity
naturalistic observation
alternate form reliability
8. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
Hawthorne Effect
confederates
scientific method
dependent variable
9. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
wording effects
interval data
ordinal data
overconfidence effect
10. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
confounding of variables
positive correlation
control condition
controls
11. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
ratio data
mode
sampling bias
population
12. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
empiricism
random sample
wording effects
negative correlation
13. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
scatterplot
operational definition
generalizability
face validity
14. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
case study
random assignment
correlational study
n
15. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
single-blind procedure
test-retest reliability
psychological test
hypothesis
16. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
Hawthorne Effect
correlation coefficient
p value
extraneous variables
17. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
confederates
operational definition
correlation coefficient
longitudinal research
18. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
scatterplot
type two error
control condition
theory
19. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
range
alternate form reliability
scatterplot
statistical significance
20. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
reliability
mode
confounding of variables
type one error
21. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
validity
negative (left) skew
meta analysis
double-blind procedure
22. View that science flourishes through observation and experiment.
empiricism
correlation
ANOVA
replication
23. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
correlation
nominal data
psychological test
frequency polygon
24. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
correlation coefficient
replication
negative correlation
case study
25. Extent to which a test yields consistent results - a measure is repeatable
experimental condition
random sample
reliability
negative correlation
26. Statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or define a particular term specifically in a study
operational definition
overconfidence effect
ratio data
scientific method
27. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
hypothesis
split half reliability
percentile rank
false consensus effect
28. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
random assignment
frequency histogram
content validity
experimenter bias
29. If you take the same test 2x's & you get the same results it shows ______ reliability
mode
empiricism
test-retest reliability
ratio data
30. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
meta analysis
experiment
normal distribution
extraneous variables
31. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
false consensus effect
correlation coefficient
cross-sectional research
split half reliability
32. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
placebo effect
confederates
meta analysis
positive correlation
33. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
Hawthorne Effect
hypothesis
experimental condition
cross-sectional research
34. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
construct validity
positive (right) skew
percentile rank
hypothesis
35. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
type one error
overconfidence effect
test-retest reliability
range
36. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
positive correlation
false consensus effect
correlational study
debriefing
37. Perception of relationship where none exists.
illusory correlation
case study
percentile rank
empiricism
38. Hypothesis that predicts NO relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
overconfidence effect
confounding of variables
n
null hypothesis
39. The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied
wording effects
experimenter bias
experiment
Hawthorne Effect
40. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
nominal data
scatterplot
generalizability
random sample
41. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
negative correlation
longitudinal research
ANOVA
generalizability
42. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
false consensus effect
independent variable
negative correlation
controls
43. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
debriefing
range
ratio data
positive correlation
44. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
hypothesis
construct validity
range
case study
45. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
interval data
operational definition
negative correlation
population
46. Procedure that ensures every person in a population has an equal chance of being chosen to participate
deception
random selection
p<.05
statistical significance
47. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
meta analysis
frequency histogram
deception
wording effects
48. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
deception
positive (right) skew
validity
control condition
49. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
validity
quasi-experiment
normal distribution
type two error
50. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
Hawthorne Effect
theory
negative correlation
p<.05