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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
construct validity
illusory correlation
wording effects
Hawthorne Effect
2. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
p value
survey
illusory correlation
Hawthorne Effect
3. Difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
range
reliability
quasi experiment
wording effects
4. Condition of experiment that exposes participants to treatment - that is - to one version of the IV
median
experimental condition
type two error
interval data
5. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
random assignment
random sample
positive correlation
standard deviation
6. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
validity
placebo effect
construct validity
double-blind procedure
7. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
p<.05
stratified sample
experiment
alternate form reliability
8. Procedure in which info that could introduce bias the result is withheld from participants - but experimenter will be in full possession of facts
debriefing
criterion validity
single-blind procedure
negative (left) skew
9. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
mode
inter-rater reliability
wording effects
generalizability
10. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
criterion validity
confounding of variables
alternate form reliability
random sample
11. View that science flourishes through observation and experiment.
false consensus effect
empiricism
median
quasi experiment
12. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
placebo effect
r
false consensus effect
type two error
13. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
nominal data
p<.05
controls
cross-sectional research
14. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
experimenter bias
generalizability
correlation coefficient
p<.05
15. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
confounding of variables
p<.05
placebo effect
statistical significance
16. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
longitudinal research
range
scientific method
placebo effect
17. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
null hypothesis
case study
control condition
content validity
18. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
nominal data
naturalistic observation
single-blind procedure
mode
19. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
confounding of variables
controls
null hypothesis
naturalistic observation
20. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
sampling bias
psychological test
random sample
Hawthorne Effect
21. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
random sample
dependent variable
illusory correlation
psychological test
22. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
single-blind procedure
correlation
experimenter bias
construct validity
23. Procedure that ensures every person in a population has an equal chance of being chosen to participate
reliability
scientific method
cross-sectional research
random selection
24. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
n
type two error
sampling bias
case study
25. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
frequency polygon
meta analysis
sampling bias
correlational study
26. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
quasi-experiment
extraneous variables
test-retest reliability
wording effects
27. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
deception
cross-sectional research
illusory correlation
frequency polygon
28. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent.
construct validity
scientific method
type one error
placebo effect
29. Perception of relationship where none exists.
operational definition
frequency polygon
illusory correlation
experimenter bias
30. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
population
extraneous variables
scientific method
generalizability
31. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
replication
statistical significance
sampling bias
nominal data
32. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
percentile rank
validity
single-blind procedure
double-blind procedure
33. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
mean
n
confounding of variables
double-blind procedure
34. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
face validity
quasi experiment
hindsight bias
random selection
35. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
type two error
correlational study
statistical significance
wording effects
36. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
negative (left) skew
quasi experiment
overconfidence effect
double-blind procedure
37. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
hindsight bias
extraneous variables
reliability
dependent variable
38. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
median
random selection
control condition
ratio data
39. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
content validity
social desirability bias
operational definition
median
40. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
false consensus effect
overconfidence effect
stratified sample
confederates
41. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
type one error
split half reliability
false consensus effect
p<.05
42. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
face validity
standard deviation
alternate form reliability
naturalistic observation
43. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
positive correlation
hindsight bias
single-blind procedure
p value
44. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
false consensus effect
Hawthorne Effect
hindsight bias
quasi-experiment
45. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
null hypothesis
z score
frequency polygon
content validity
46. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
random sample
alternate form reliability
placebo effect
experimental condition
47. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
experimenter bias
negative correlation
correlation
random sample
48. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
psychological test
dependent variable
hypothesis
case study
49. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
longitudinal research
content validity
Hawthorne Effect
operational definition
50. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
experiment
random assignment
theory
operational definition