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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
replication
theory
positive correlation
confounding of variables
2. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
survey
double-blind procedure
control condition
experimental condition
3. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
cross-sectional research
independent variable
generalizability
cohort effects
4. Data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an ordering scheme. (Gender - Race - Religion)
content validity
nominal data
z score
ANOVA
5. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
stratified sample
operational definition
placebo effect
random assignment
6. View that science flourishes through observation and experiment.
p<.05
double-blind procedure
case study
empiricism
7. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
z score
mode
normal distribution
wording effects
8. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent.
case study
cohort effects
interval data
placebo effect
9. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
operational definition
positive correlation
longitudinal research
operational definition
10. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
Hawthorne Effect
double-blind procedure
operational definition
illusory correlation
11. Correlation where as one variable increases - the other also increases - or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in same direction.
validity
confounding of variables
positive correlation
positive (right) skew
12. Relationship between variables in which as one variable increases - the other also increases - OR as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
longitudinal research
positive correlation
debriefing
generalizability
13. Testable and falsifiable prediction - often implied by a theory
validity
wording effects
controls
hypothesis
14. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
scientific method
construct validity
z score
controls
15. Extent to which a test yields consistent results - a measure is repeatable
negative (left) skew
reliability
face validity
case study
16. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
double-blind procedure
operational definition
random assignment
positive (right) skew
17. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
sampling bias
experiment
ordinal data
survey
18. More than one individual scores same test - regardless of who rates test - scores should be the same for _____ reliability
mean
confederates
inter-rater reliability
experimenter bias
19. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
negative (left) skew
type two error
ratio data
content validity
20. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
hypothesis
null hypothesis
dependent variable
experiment
21. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
operational definition
overconfidence effect
Hawthorne Effect
percentile rank
22. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
false consensus effect
correlational study
cohort effects
type two error
23. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
naturalistic observation
random assignment
extraneous variables
controls
24. In-depth - intensive investigation of individual or small group of people which involves interviews and personal interpretations by researcher. It may also be supplemented with psychological or medical tests
nominal data
case study
mean
dependent variable
25. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
mean
dependent variable
random sample
independent variable
26. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
alternate form reliability
frequency polygon
deception
population
27. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
mode
controls
empiricism
random selection
28. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
mode
correlation coefficient
reliability
control condition
29. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
social desirability bias
validity
percentile rank
standard deviation
30. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
percentile rank
alternate form reliability
generalizability
hypothesis
31. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
statistical significance
criterion validity
experimenter bias
double-blind procedure
32. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
negative correlation
type one error
p value
nominal data
33. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
quasi-experiment
experimenter bias
random selection
random assignment
34. Condition of experiment that contrasts with experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
frequency polygon
control condition
range
cross-sectional research
35. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
controls
type one error
stratified sample
control condition
36. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
generalizability
split half reliability
r
sampling bias
37. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
empiricism
social desirability bias
double-blind procedure
random sample
38. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
naturalistic observation
null hypothesis
Hawthorne Effect
double-blind procedure
39. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
face validity
inter-rater reliability
scatterplot
null hypothesis
40. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
reliability
wording effects
random sample
population
41. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
psychological test
scatterplot
negative correlation
longitudinal research
42. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
survey
illusory correlation
longitudinal research
confederates
43. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
debriefing
mean
correlation coefficient
longitudinal research
44. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
hypothesis
double-blind procedure
confounding of variables
positive correlation
45. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
placebo effect
normal distribution
deception
cross-sectional research
46. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
quasi experiment
random sample
type one error
debriefing
47. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
alternate form reliability
cohort effects
frequency polygon
generalizability
48. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
validity
Hawthorne Effect
sampling bias
type one error
49. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
criterion validity
reliability
sampling bias
quasi experiment
50. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
population
frequency histogram
cross-sectional research
sampling bias