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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
null hypothesis
overconfidence effect
frequency polygon
positive correlation
2. Method by which participants are misinformed or misled about study's methods and purposes - must be told truth about this in debriefing
deception
median
controls
placebo effect
3. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
random sample
confederates
correlation
theory
4. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
confederates
validity
quasi-experiment
percentile rank
5. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
overconfidence effect
false consensus effect
negative (left) skew
control condition
6. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
percentile rank
random sample
type one error
interval data
7. Variable that may change in response to manipulations of the IV (what is measured)
dependent variable
nominal data
single-blind procedure
operational definition
8. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
percentile rank
experimental condition
debriefing
mean
9. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
generalizability
null hypothesis
nominal data
ANOVA
10. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
sampling bias
content validity
stratified sample
random assignment
11. Perception of a correlation between variables where none exists.
Hawthorne Effect
mode
illusory correlation
quasi experiment
12. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
frequency histogram
quasi experiment
cross-sectional research
quasi-experiment
13. Experimental procedure in which both research participants and research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.
dependent variable
generalizability
double-blind procedure
positive correlation
14. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
frequency histogram
overconfidence effect
r
cohort effects
15. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
type two error
correlation coefficient
ratio data
ordinal data
16. Graphed cluster of dots - each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables.
reliability
scatterplot
null hypothesis
positive (right) skew
17. If you take the same test 2x's & you get the same results it shows ______ reliability
empiricism
test-retest reliability
mean
naturalistic observation
18. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
random assignment
frequency histogram
replication
independent variable
19. Perception of relationship where none exists.
frequency polygon
placebo effect
hypothesis
illusory correlation
20. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
positive correlation
wording effects
illusory correlation
negative correlation
21. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
operational definition
random sample
replication
negative correlation
22. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
experiment
mode
standard deviation
ANOVA
23. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
inter-rater reliability
interval data
cross-sectional research
Hawthorne Effect
24. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
random sample
confounding of variables
normal distribution
experimental condition
25. Extent to which a test yields consistent results - a measure is repeatable
test-retest reliability
mean
reliability
r
26. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
negative (left) skew
wording effects
placebo effect
correlation
27. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
correlation coefficient
frequency histogram
longitudinal research
wording effects
28. Extent to which the findings from one group (or sample) can be generalized or applied to other groups (or population
experimental condition
generalizability
Hawthorne Effect
random assignment
29. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
double-blind procedure
alternate form reliability
wording effects
p value
30. Extent to which scores suggest that a test is actually measuring an ABSTRACT theoretical idea (such as anxiety - personality - introversion - etc.).
Hawthorne Effect
scientific method
random selection
construct validity
31. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
type one error
frequency polygon
replication
sampling bias
32. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
n
cross-sectional research
z score
quasi-experiment
33. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
control condition
extraneous variables
quasi experiment
Hawthorne Effect
34. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
standard deviation
theory
quasi experiment
controls
35. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent.
illusory correlation
placebo effect
false consensus effect
nominal data
36. Hypothesis that predicts NO relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
type one error
random assignment
reliability
null hypothesis
37. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
controls
psychological test
experimental condition
ratio data
38. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
scatterplot
frequency histogram
longitudinal research
independent variable
39. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
random assignment
independent variable
quasi experiment
stratified sample
40. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
ordinal data
wording effects
random assignment
Hawthorne Effect
41. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
case study
debriefing
mean
control condition
42. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
z score
range
case study
illusory correlation
43. Research project designed to discover degree to which two variables are related to each other
statistical significance
frequency histogram
n
correlational study
44. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
type two error
case study
alternate form reliability
null hypothesis
45. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
Hawthorne Effect
social desirability bias
confederates
survey
46. Difference between highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
range
type two error
interval data
standard deviation
47. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
p<.05
type one error
criterion validity
meta analysis
48. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
operational definition
overconfidence effect
cohort effects
control condition
49. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
frequency polygon
case study
wording effects
statistical significance
50. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
null hypothesis
scientific method
stratified sample
construct validity