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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
illusory correlation
null hypothesis
standard deviation
negative correlation
2. Form of validity in which a psychological measure is able to predict some future behavior or is meaningfully related to some other measure
replication
criterion validity
Hawthorne Effect
hindsight bias
3. In a normal distribution it tells you how far a number is above or below mean in terms of standard deviations.
correlational study
z score
controls
illusory correlation
4. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
quasi-experiment
range
negative correlation
mode
5. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
hypothesis
wording effects
median
deception
6. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
range
false consensus effect
theory
confederates
7. All cases in a group - from which samples may be drawn for a study
quasi experiment
independent variable
population
case study
8. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
type two error
validity
Hawthorne Effect
n
9. Relationship that exists when one set of data values increases while the other decreases
frequency histogram
negative correlation
theory
range
10. Giving participants in a research study a complete explanation of the study after the study is completed needed for deception
random assignment
generalizability
Hawthorne Effect
debriefing
11. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
Hawthorne Effect
meta analysis
experimenter bias
scientific method
12. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
validity
random assignment
empiricism
content validity
13. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
false consensus effect
statistical significance
replication
r
14. Symbol used for Pearson Correlation Coefficient ranges from -1.0 to +1.0
single-blind procedure
r
inter-rater reliability
control condition
15. Indication of how likely a result obtained occurred by chance - expressed as p or sig.
Hawthorne Effect
statistical significance
random selection
positive (right) skew
16. Data with an absolute 0. Ratios are meaningful. (Length - Width - Weight - Distance)
ratio data
hindsight bias
survey
case study
17. Any selection method that results in subset of the population (sample) that is not representative - and/or not random
sampling bias
r
type one error
generalizability
18. Expectations by researcher that might influence results of experiment or its interpretation
negative correlation
experimenter bias
standard deviation
random selection
19. Change in subject's behavior caused simply by awareness of being studied
r
type one error
Hawthorne Effect
percentile rank
20. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
interval data
double-blind procedure
negative correlation
ratio data
21. Procedure in which info that could introduce bias the result is withheld from participants - but experimenter will be in full possession of facts
positive correlation
wording effects
experiment
single-blind procedure
22. Skewed distribution where data has many more scores toward the lower end of the distribution
random assignment
positive (right) skew
random sample
type two error
23. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent.
random sample
placebo effect
double-blind procedure
split half reliability
24. Series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data - formulating a hypothesis - testing the hypothesis - and stating conclusions
operational definition
type one error
type two error
scientific method
25. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
empiricism
overconfidence effect
replication
positive correlation
26. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to different groups.
random assignment
experiment
criterion validity
scatterplot
27. Perception of a correlation between variables where none exists.
face validity
confederates
illusory correlation
alternate form reliability
28. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
r
population
split half reliability
mode
29. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
Hawthorne Effect
p<.05
cohort effects
controls
30. Condition of experiment that contrasts with experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
psychological test
alternate form reliability
control condition
cross-sectional research
31. Measure of the extent to which two factors vary together which can be positive or negative or non
correlation
sampling bias
case study
statistical significance
32. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
reliability
confederates
experiment
operational definition
33. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
random assignment
type two error
confederates
replication
34. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
statistical significance
mean
naturalistic observation
population
35. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
statistical significance
survey
correlation coefficient
ordinal data
36. People of different ages are compared to one another at a single point in time
control condition
p<.05
interval data
cross-sectional research
37. Factors in an experiment that are unchanged for both the control group and the experimental group
ANOVA
operational definition
generalizability
controls
38. View that science flourishes through observation and experiment.
scientific method
hypothesis
empiricism
stratified sample
39. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
frequency polygon
p value
random assignment
split half reliability
40. Statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or define a particular term specifically in a study
operational definition
random assignment
population
positive correlation
41. Skewed distribution with many more scores on the higher end of the distribution
random selection
ordinal data
placebo effect
negative (left) skew
42. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
hindsight bias
experimenter bias
correlational study
r
43. Degree to which test is representative of total domain its supposed to cover.
illusory correlation
content validity
placebo effect
Hawthorne Effect
44. Subset of a population in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
random sample
type one error
wording effects
frequency polygon
45. Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance - thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
false consensus effect
random assignment
negative (left) skew
positive (right) skew
46. Measures whether a test looks like it tests what it is supposed to test as determined by a quick look or evaluation by a non expert
face validity
confederates
survey
validity
47. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
random sample
positive correlation
negative (left) skew
negative correlation
48. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
cohort effects
experimental condition
negative correlation
wording effects
49. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
percentile rank
quasi-experiment
wording effects
negative (left) skew
50. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
quasi experiment
replication
case study
hindsight bias