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Test your basic knowledge |
Research Methods
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Condition of experiment that contrasts with experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
case study
type two error
correlation coefficient
control condition
2. Tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
social desirability bias
confederates
null hypothesis
split half reliability
3. A research method that looks like an experiment BUT subjects are not randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (no cause and effect can be drawn)
double-blind procedure
statistical significance
quasi experiment
positive correlation
4. Data exists in categories that are ordered but differences cannot be determined or they are meaningless. (Example: 1st - 2nd - 3rd)
ordinal data
theory
frequency histogram
confounding of variables
5. Tendency to believe - after learning an outcome - that one would have foreseen it.
double-blind procedure
hindsight bias
percentile rank
placebo effect
6. Arithmetic average of a distribution -
mean
type one error
overconfidence effect
ratio data
7. Research in which the same people are re-studied and re-tested over a long period
negative (left) skew
longitudinal research
controls
inter-rater reliability
8. Not rejecting null hypothesis when in fact we should have rejected it - a false negative
nominal data
ratio data
independent variable
type two error
9. Descriptive research that involves observing and recording behavior without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
placebo effect
n
theory
naturalistic observation
10. Type of line graph that shows frequency distributions
frequency polygon
type one error
population
percentile rank
11. Effects of being born and raised in a particular time or situation where all other members of your group has similar experiences makes your group unique from others
cohort effects
negative (left) skew
extraneous variables
Hawthorne Effect
12. Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition - which is assumed to be an active agent.
placebo effect
range
confederates
random sample
13. Hypothesis that predicts NO relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
frequency histogram
null hypothesis
correlational study
longitudinal research
14. Symbol used to represent the total number of subjects in a research study
meta analysis
n
Hawthorne Effect
reliability
15. Researchers takes subjects & conditions as they naturally occur - with little if any control over what happens. no random assignment so no cause and effect can be determined
range
quasi-experiment
n
quasi experiment
16. Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to - test accuracy
validity
type two error
naturalistic observation
replication
17. Results of experiment are SIGNIFICANT - they are not likely caused by chance
correlation coefficient
split half reliability
range
p<.05
18. Differences between values can be found - but is NO absolute ZERO. Examples: temperature F - time
interval data
mode
confederates
quasi experiment
19. 'Fake subjects' that look & behave like real subjects in study.
correlation coefficient
random selection
confederates
experiment
20. Rejecting null hypothesis when it is actually true - a false positive
type one error
experiment
empiricism
extraneous variables
21. Set of assumptions used to explain phenomena & offered for scientific study
dependent variable
median
single-blind procedure
theory
22. Tendency to overestimate extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors
false consensus effect
negative (left) skew
frequency histogram
mode
23. Experimental factor that is manipulated; variable whose effect is being studied.
illusory correlation
case study
independent variable
random selection
24. Occur when the questions asked on a sample survey are confusing or leading
wording effects
independent variable
experiment
hindsight bias
25. Most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution.
illusory correlation
mode
naturalistic observation
mean
26. Statement of procedures used to explain research variables in enough detail to allow for replication
negative correlation
survey
operational definition
criterion validity
27. Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
Hawthorne Effect
test-retest reliability
random sample
scientific method
28. Variables other than IV that participants in - one group have that makes them different - from the other group. Two variables linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their specific effects.
population
percentile rank
wording effects
confounding of variables
29. When a specific word used in a question affects how respondents answer the question or the order of the questions
reliability
wording effects
cross-sectional research
control condition
30. Skewed distribution where data has many more scores toward the lower end of the distribution
operational definition
inter-rater reliability
single-blind procedure
positive (right) skew
31. Bell-shaped curve that results when values of a trait in a population are plotted against their frequency
naturalistic observation
hypothesis
psychological test
normal distribution
32. Statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means
ANOVA
median
naturalistic observation
ratio data
33. Descriptive research technique in which one person or a small group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
z score
placebo effect
case study
validity
34. Percentage of scores falling at or below a specific score.
percentile rank
frequency histogram
wording effects
population
35. The probability level which forms basis for deciding if results are statistically significant (not due to chance).
p<.05
experimenter bias
p value
normal distribution
36. Procedure for statistically combining results of many different research studies
type two error
split half reliability
null hypothesis
meta analysis
37. Statistical measure of strength of association between two variables ranging from -1.0 to 1.0
confounding of variables
correlational study
construct validity
correlation coefficient
38. Bar graph that shows frequency distributions
illusory correlation
debriefing
test-retest reliability
frequency histogram
39. Repeating of research study to determine if its finding extends to other participants and circumstances
face validity
negative correlation
cohort effects
replication
40. A type of reliability - where different versions of same instrument are used and scores are compared
alternate form reliability
quasi-experiment
case study
replication
41. We overestimate our accuracy and our changes of success and ability to predict and explain
overconfidence effect
false consensus effect
placebo effect
random sample
42. Measuring device or procedure designed to measure psychology-related variables. A measurement that results in a score or result that is standardized
experimenter bias
p value
psychological test
alternate form reliability
43. Variable not relevant to what you are studying that has unplanned effect on DV. It may influence results - but all conditions are effected so it does not create bias.
mode
dependent variable
extraneous variables
experimenter bias
44. Research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
ANOVA
survey
n
negative (left) skew
45. Association between increases in one variable and decreases in another
face validity
positive correlation
negative correlation
random assignment
46. Middle score in a distribution; half scores are above it and half are below it.
cross-sectional research
illusory correlation
median
z score
47. Perception of a correlation between variables where none exists.
correlation
p<.05
illusory correlation
mode
48. Research method in which investigator manipulates one or more factors (IV) to observe effect on some behavior or mental process (DV)
frequency polygon
experiment
type one error
case study
49. Computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
standard deviation
median
range
criterion validity
50. Sample drawn in such a way that known subgroups within a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in general population
type one error
stratified sample
empiricism
population