Test your basic knowledge |

Skeletal System

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Long bones of the axial skeleton that form the lateral walls of the thorax; dorsal portions are made of bone and form synovial joints with the thoracic vertebrae. Ventral portions are cartilage.






2. Large - multinuclear cells of bone that absorb bone and structures and reshape or remodel damaged bones.






3. A general name for a lump - bump - or other projection on a bone; can be articular processes or nonarticular processes - which are usually sites where tendons attach.






4. The central canal that runs the length of a haversian system; contains blood vessels - lymph vessels - and nerves that supply and nourish the osteocytes.






5. The second cervical vertebra; it forms the atlantoaxial joint with the first cervical vertebra - the atlas.






6. A space within a skull bone that is an outpouching of a nasal cavity; depending on the species - these are found within the frontal bones - maxillary bones - sphenoid bones - and ethmoid bones.






7. A skull bone that is one of the external bones of the cranium; the caudal - most bone of the skull that forms the atlanto - occipital joint with the first cervical vertebra through the occipital condyles. The large foramen magnum in the occipital bon






8. An immovable fibrous joint - such as the suture that unites most of the skull bones.






9. One of the three ossicles in the middle ear; also called the anvil - this bone is the middle of the three ossicles.






10. The process of a vertebra that forms a synovial joint with an adjacent vertebra.






11. Ankle joint or tarsus; joins the tibiotarsus and the tarsometatarsus.






12. One of countless tiny channels through the matrix of bone that bring blood in from the periosteum to the haversian canals in the centers of the haversian systems. The haversian systems run lengthwise in long bones while these canals come in at right

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13. A joint whereby one surface swivels around another like a door hinge; also called a ginglymus joint. The only movements possible are flexion and extension; the elbow is an example.






14. A depressed or sunken area on the surface of a bone; usually occupied by muscles or tendons.






15. Another name for cancellous bone.






16. The collective name for 37-38 bones of the head; it houses the brain and all the special sense organs.






17. The area of a bone that joins the head with the main portion of the bone.






18. Bones that are relatively thin and flat; they consist of two thin plates of compact bone separated by a thin layer of cancellous bone. Includes skull bones and the scapula.






19. The microscopic - laminated cylinders of bone that make up compact bone. Oriented lengthwise in a long bone - these consist of a central haversian canal surrounded by concentric layers of bone. Osteocytes in their lacunae are present at the junctions






20. One of the irregular bones of the spinal column.






21. A joint movement that consists of a twisting motion of a part on its own axis.






22. The long bone of the brachium or upper arm.






23. Bones present in some tendons where they change direction markedly over joints; act as bearings over joint surfaces - allowing powerful muscles to move the joints without the tendons wearing out as they move over the joints.






24. Viscous fluid formed by the lining layer of the joint capsule of a synovial joint; lubricates joint surfaces.






25. Skull bones that are external bones of the face; form a portion of the orbit of the ey and the rostral portion of the zygomatic arch.






26. The visceral bone in the penis of dogs that partially surrounds the penile portion of the urethra.






27. The group of vertebrae located dorsal to the abdominal region.






28. Membrane bone formation; the type of bone formation that occurs only in certain skull bones when bone froms in the fibrous tissue membranes that cover the brain of the developing fetus.






29. Skull bones that are part of the internal bones of the face; also known as the nasal conchae. Four thin - scroll - like bones that fill most of the space in the nasal cavity.






30. A beak - shaped process at the proximal end of the trochlear notch of the ulna; when it fails to unite with the ulna - an ununited process can cause the elbow joint to become unstable - leading to lameness.






31. The fluid - filled potential space between the joint surfaces of a synovial joint; normally filled by synovial fluid.






32. The joint between the femur and the tibia; called the knee joint in humans.






33. One of the two bones (with the ulna) that form the antebrachium - or forearm; usually the main weightbearing bone.






34. Skull bones; external bones of the face. These two bones make up most of the upper jaw and house the upper canine teeth - if present - and all of the cheek teeth.






35. The most proximal bony structure of the pelvic limb; also known as the os coxae. Attaches to the sacrum dorsally at the sacroiliac joints and forms the hip joints with the heads of the femurs.






36. The fibrous membrane that lines the hollow interiors of bones.






37. The most cranial of the three pairs of bones that make up the pelvis; it forms the sacroiliac joint with the sacrum.






38. The large process on the proximal end of the ulna that forms the point of the elbow; the site where the triceps brachii tendon attaches.






39. A joint that allows only a rotary motion; the only true joint of this type is the atlantoaxial joint ('no joint').






40. The hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland that prevents the level of calcium in the blood from getting too low.






41. The growth plate of a long bone; located at the junction of the proximal and distal epiphyses with the diaphysis. They are areas where long bones increase in length by the process of endochondral bone formation. When an animal reaches its full adult






42. Heavy - dense bone made up of tiny - tightly compacted - laminated cylinders of bone called haversian systems; makes up the shafts (diaphysis) of long bones and the outer surfaces of all bones.






43. The first - most cranial sternebra.






44. The joint composed of the tarsal bones; referred to as the hock in most animals and the ankle in humans.






45. The paranasal sinus in the maxillary bones.






46. The thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the articular surfaces of long bones in synovial joints; it forms a smooth layer over the joint surfaces of the bones - which decreases friction and allows free joint movement.






47. The large hole in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord exits the skull.






48. The last - most caudal sternebra; the _____ process.






49. The hind limb.






50. The group of vertebrae located dorsal to the thoracic region; noted for their tall dorsal spinous processes.