Test your basic knowledge |

Skeletal System

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bones present in some tendons where they change direction markedly over joints; act as bearings over joint surfaces - allowing powerful muscles to move the joints without the tendons wearing out as they move over the joints.






2. The cranial portion of the dorsal body cavity formed from several skull bones; it houses and protects the brain.






3. A depressed or sunken area on the surface of a bone; usually occupied by muscles or tendons.






4. Secondary areas of growth in bones developing by the endochondral method; areas of bone development located outside the main portions of the carilaginous bone templates in a developing fetus.






5. The process of a vertebra that forms a synovial joint with an adjacent vertebra.






6. The cartilaginous joint (amphiarthrosis) that unites the two sides of the mandible at the rostral end in dogs - cats - and cattle.






7. The midline barrier that separates the left and right nasal passages.






8. The paranasal sinus in the maxillary bones.






9. A large - rounded articular (joint) surface; examples are found on the distal ends of the humerus and femur.






10. A toe made up of two or three boens called phalanges.






11. One of the irregular bones of the spinal column.






12. A rib whose costal cartilage joins the costal cartilage of the rib ahead of it instead of directly joining the sternum.






13. A gliding joint in which two flat - articular surfaces rock on each other; this type of joint usually allows only the movements of flexion and extension.






14. A bone whose shape does not fit into the long bone - short bone - or flat bone categories. Bones either have characteristics of more than one of the other three shape categories or have a truly irregular shape. Includes vertebrae and sesamoids.






15. The sievelike area of the ethmoid bone through which the many branches of the olfactory nerve pass from the upper portion of the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulbs of the brain.






16. Skull bones that are external bones of the cranium; form the lateral walls of the cranium - contain the middle and inner ear structures - and are the skull bones that form the temporomandibular joints with the mandible.






17. The main - weight - bearing bone of the lower leg; forms the stifle joint with the femur proximal to it and the hock with the tarsus distal to it.






18. Blood cell production; usually occurs in red bone marrow.






19. One of the three ossicles in the middle ear; also called the stirrup - it is attached to the oval window of the cochlea and is the innermost of the three ossicles.






20. Also known as the spinal column; the collective name for the cervical - thoracic - lumbar - sacral - and coccygeal vertebrae.






21. The most proximal bony structure of the pelvic limb; also known as the os coxae. Attaches to the sacrum dorsally at the sacroiliac joints and forms the hip joints with the heads of the femurs.






22. The joint composed of the carpal bones; referred to as the 'knee' of the horse and the 'wrist' of humans.






23. A joint that allows only a rotary motion; the only true joint of this type is the atlantoaxial joint ('no joint').






24. The 'forearm' region of the thoracic limb.






25. Spongy bone; a form of bone composed of a seemingly random arrangement of spicules of bone separated by spaces filled with bone marrow. Appears spongelike to the naked eye. Found in the ends of long bones and the interiors of short bones - flat bones






26. The hematopoietic type of bone marrow.






27. The mineralization or hardening of bone.






28. A skull bone; an internal bone of the cranium. This single bone is located just rostral to the sphenoid bone and contains the cribriform plate.






29. The fluid - filled potential space between the joint surfaces of a synovial joint; normally filled by synovial fluid.






30. Skull bones that are part of the external bones of the face; these two bones are the most rostral skull bones and contain the upper incisors in all domestic animals except ruminants.






31. Skull bones that are part of the external bones of the cranium; located on the dorsal midline just rostral to the occipital bone.






32. Heavy - dense bone made up of tiny - tightly compacted - laminated cylinders of bone called haversian systems; makes up the shafts (diaphysis) of long bones and the outer surfaces of all bones.






33. The group of vertebrae located dorsal to the thoracic region; noted for their tall dorsal spinous processes.






34. One of the three ossicles in the middle ear; also called the hammer - this bone is the outermost of the three ossicles and is attached to the tympanic membrane.






35. Skull bones; external bones of the face. These two bones make up most of the upper jaw and house the upper canine teeth - if present - and all of the cheek teeth.






36. The solid structure formed by the fusion of the sacral vertebrae.






37. Skull bones that are part of the internal bones of the face; also known as the nasal conchae. Four thin - scroll - like bones that fill most of the space in the nasal cavity.






38. The bony canal in the temporal bone that leads into the middle and inner ear cavities of the bone; in the living animal - it contains the external ear canal.






39. The cells that produce bone.






40. The cartilaginous disk located between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae; acts as a shock absorber for the vertebrae.






41. A pair of large holes in the pelvis located on either side of the pubic symphysis; the role seems to be to lighten the pelvis because no large nerves or vessels pass through them.






42. The paranasal sinus in the sphenoid bone; only present in horses.






43. The most common type of bone marrow in adult animals; consists mainly of adipose tissue. Does not produce red blood cells - but it can revert to red bone marrow if the body needs greater than normal blood cell production.






44. Mature bone cells located in lacunae.






45. The bones of the pelvic limbs located between the tarsus and the phalanges.






46. The first - most cranial sternebra.






47. The joint movement that decreases the angle between two bones.






48. The outer layer of a bone that is composed of compact bone.






49. A hinge joint in which one articular surface swivels around another; the only movements possible are flexion and extension.






50. The bones of the limbs (appendages)