Test your basic knowledge |

Skeletal System

Subject : health-sciences
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Another name for cancellous bone.






2. Large process of the fibular tarsal bone that projects upward and backward; commonly referred to as the point of the hock. Site of attachment of the gastrocnemius (calf) muscle and equivalent to the human heel.






3. One of countless tiny channels through the matrix of bone that bring blood in from the periosteum to the haversian canals in the centers of the haversian systems. The haversian systems run lengthwise in long bones while these canals come in at right


4. A hole in the bone.






5. The cartilaginous joint (amphiarthrosis) that unites the two sides of the mandible at the rostral end in dogs - cats - and cattle.






6. The visceral bone in the snout of swine that strengthens it for the rooting behavior of pigs.






7. Short - faced; breeds including Boston terriers - pugs - English bulldogs - and Pekingese.






8. Bones that are longer than they are wide; most of the limb bones are in this category.






9. One of two concave - half moon - shaped - cartilaginous structures on the proximal surface of the tibia that help support the condyles of the femur.






10. A freely moveable joint; also known as a diarthrosis.






11. The joint composed of the carpal bones; referred to as the 'knee' of the horse and the 'wrist' of humans.






12. Skull bones; external bones of the cranium. These bones make up the 'forehead' region of the skull and contain the large frontal sinuses. The cornual process in horned animals is an extenion of this bone.






13. A beak - shaped process at the proximal end of the trochlear notch of the ulna; when it fails to unite with the ulna - an ununited process can cause the elbow joint to become unstable - leading to lameness.






14. Bones formed in the soft organs (viscera); examples include the os penis - the os cordis - and the os rostri.






15. The main growth area of a bone developing by endochondral method; areas of bone development that are located in the main portions of the cartilage rod bone templates in the developing fetus.






16. Skull bones that are external bones of the cranium; form the lateral walls of the cranium - contain the middle and inner ear structures - and are the skull bones that form the temporomandibular joints with the mandible.






17. The visceral bone in the heart of cattle that helps support the valves of the heart.






18. The cranial portion of the dorsal body cavity formed from several skull bones; it houses and protects the brain.






19. A skull bone; an internal bone of the cranium. This single bone is located just rostral to the sphenoid bone and contains the cribriform plate.






20. A bone of the sternum.






21. Small cavities within the matrix of some connective tissues - such as cartilage and bone - within which cells are contained.






22. A joint movement that consists of a twisting motion of a part on its own axis.






23. Also known as the spinal column; the collective name for the cervical - thoracic - lumbar - sacral - and coccygeal vertebrae.






24. The membrane that encloses the ends of the bones in a synovial joint; consists of an outer fibrous membrane and an inner synovial membrane that produces viscous synovial fluid that lubricates the joint surfaces.






25. The shaft portion of a long bone.






26. The long bone of the thigh region; it forms the hip joint with the pelvis at its proximal end and the stifle joint with the tibia at its distal end.






27. Skull bones that are part of the internal bones of the face; support part of the lateral walls of the pharynx.






28. A freely movable synovial joint.






29. One of the irregular bones of the spinal column.






30. Large - multinuclear cells of bone that absorb bone and structures and reshape or remodel damaged bones.






31. Mature bone cells located in lacunae.






32. The 'forearm' region of the thoracic limb.






33. The large process on the proximal end of the ulna that forms the point of the elbow; the site where the triceps brachii tendon attaches.






34. Membrane bone formation; the type of bone formation that occurs only in certain skull bones when bone froms in the fibrous tissue membranes that cover the brain of the developing fetus.






35. Long bones of the axial skeleton that form the lateral walls of the thorax; dorsal portions are made of bone and form synovial joints with the thoracic vertebrae. Ventral portions are cartilage.






36. Also called a spheroidal joint - it consists of a spherical joint surface (the ball) that fits into a closely matching - concave joint surface (the socket). Examples: shoulder and hip joints. Capable of all synovial joint movements.






37. The type of bone formation whereby bone grows into and replaces a cartilage model; this is the method by which most bones form in a developing fetus - starting with cartilage 'prototypes' that are gradually replaced by bone. It is also the means by w






38. The joint between the pelvis and the sacrum that joins the pelvic limb to the axial skeleton.






39. The bones of the neck portion of the spinal column.






40. A space within a skull bone that is an outpouching of a nasal cavity; depending on the species - these are found within the frontal bones - maxillary bones - sphenoid bones - and ethmoid bones.






41. The growth plate of a long bone; located at the junction of the proximal and distal epiphyses with the diaphysis. They are areas where long bones increase in length by the process of endochondral bone formation. When an animal reaches its full adult






42. Tiny channels through the matrix of bone. Threadlike projections from osteocytes communicate with each other and with blood vessels through these structures.






43. Rib whose costal cartilage directly joins the sternum.






44. The process on the distal end of the distal phalanx of dogs and cats that is surrounded by the claw in the living animal.






45. Skull bones that are part of the external bones of the face; these two bones are the most rostral skull bones and contain the upper incisors in all domestic animals except ruminants.






46. An arthrodial joint in which two flat articular surfaces rock on each other; the carpus is an example.






47. The 'horn core' of horned animals; a process of the frontal bone. The hollow cavity within this process is continuous with the frontal sinus (the paranasal sinus of the frontal bone).






48. The bones of the tail portion of the spinal column.






49. Spongy bone; a form of bone composed of a seemingly random arrangement of spicules of bone separated by spaces filled with bone marrow. Appears spongelike to the naked eye. Found in the ends of long bones and the interiors of short bones - flat bones






50. The fluid - filled potential space between the joint surfaces of a synovial joint; normally filled by synovial fluid.