Software Engineering Principles

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does efficient mean?
Determining exactly what the program must do.
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator
The program meets the demands of time or space in memory.
To 'do it right' to meet its requirements.


2. What is a detailed specification?
A formal definition of the problem your program must solve.
Reusing objects and processes to implement more complex objects and processes.
The functional domain consists of the whole numbers from 0 to 100.
Also called clear- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.


3. What is metric- based testing?
Testing based on measurable factors.
Making changes to fix operational errors and to add or modify the function of the program.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
Turning over the tested program to the customer or user (or instructor!).


4. What is loose coupling?
Recording how the program meets the requirements - from the 'big picture' overview to the detailed design.
A property when changes within a module do not result in changes in the modules that use it.
[Input] All values from 1 to 100. [Expected Output] For input 0-59 => F. For input 60-69 => D. For input 70-79 => C. For input 80-89 => B. For input 90-100 => A.
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.


5. What is a path?
A combination of branches that might be traversed when a program or function is executed.
An unusual - generally unpredictable event - detectable by software or hardware - that requires special processing; the event may or may not be erroneous.
The set of valid input data for a program or function.
A cohesive system subunit that performs a share of the work.


6. How can you verify the correctness of the software you develop?
Actually using the program.
The process of determining the degree to which a software product fulfills its specifications.
You can test the software to see if the correct outcome occurs
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator


7. The difference between unit testing and integration testing.
To take an object and move it from a general perspective to a precise level of detail. Variations of stepwise refinement include: top- down - bottom- up - functional decomposition - and even 'round- trip gestalt design.'
Defines the stepwise refinement approach to object- oriented design suggested by Grady Booch. First - the tangible items and events in the problem domain are identified and assigned to candidate classes and objects. Next - the external properties and
When you create your code - you break the problem into units called modules. Unit testing tests each individual module by itself. Later - you combine the working units together. Integration testing tests the group of units to see if they work togethe
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator


8. What is an acceptance test?
Testing a module or function by itself.
The process of testing the system in its real environment with real data.
Two less than symbols [<<].
The functional domain consists of the whole numbers from 0 to 100.


9. What is operation?
Actually using the program.
Coding a program in a computer language.
Reusing objects and processes to implement more complex objects and processes.
The practice of only showing the information necessary for a user level and hiding the rest of the information. this makes programming in teams easier because you can see the big picture easier. Also - the programmer does not have to worry if the imp


10. What is abstraction?
Detecting and fixing errors and demonstrating the correctness of the program.
A model of a complex system that includes only the details essential to the perspective of the viewer of the system.
The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
The process of removing known errors.


11. What is an exception?
A verification method in which one member of a team reads the program or design line by line and the other members point out errors.
An unusual - generally unpredictable event - detectable by software or hardware - that requires special processing; the event may or may not be erroneous.
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.
Actually using the program.


12. What is software engineering?
It is possible to carry out exhaustive data coverage for this program.
The discipline devoted to the design - production - and maintenance of computer programs that are developed on time and within cost estimates - using tools that help to manage the size and complexity of the resulting software products.
Coding a program in a computer language.
A formal definition of the problem your program must solve.


13. What is the unified modeling language (UML)?
The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
The functional domain consists of the whole numbers from 0 to 100.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
Used to specify - visualize - construct - and document the components of a software system. This is particularly well suited for modeling object- oriented designs. The diagrams represent another form of abstraction.


14. What are the goals of quality software?
The approach in which the problem is first broken down into several large parts. Each of these parts is - in turn - divided into sections - the sections are subdivided - and so on. Details are deferred as long as possible.
Understanding the nature of the problem to be solved.
The practice of only showing the information necessary for a user level and hiding the rest of the information. this makes programming in teams easier because you can see the big picture easier. Also - the programmer does not have to worry if the imp
(1) It works (2) It can be modified without excessive time and effort (3) It is reusable (4) It is completed on time and within budget


15. A program is to read in a numeric score (0 to 100) and display an appropriate letter grade (A - B - C - D - or F). What is the functional domain of this program?
A standard - integrated set of software engineering tools and techniques used on a project by an organization.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
The set of valid input data for a program or function.
The functional domain consists of the whole numbers from 0 to 100.


16. What are software requirements?
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.
Testing a module or function by itself.
Used to specify - visualize - construct - and document the components of a software system. This is particularly well suited for modeling object- oriented designs. The diagrams represent another form of abstraction.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.


17. What is the relationship between the cost of error correction in software development and where/when errors are detected in terms of the software life cycle?
It is possible to carry out exhaustive data coverage for this program.
Also called clear- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
A detailed description of the function - inputs - processing - outputs - and special requirements of a software product; it provides the information needed to design and implement the program.
Research has shown that the sooner you detect an error - the lest costly it will be to fix it. catching an error near the end of the software life cycle can be 100 times more costly that catching it at the beginning.


18. What is implementing a test plan?
Assertions that state what results are expected at the exit of an operation or function - assuming that the preconditions are true.
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.
To 'do everything' specified to meet its requirements.
It is possible to carry out exhaustive data coverage for this program.


19. A program is to read in a numeric score (0 to 100) and display an appropriate letter grade (A - B - C - D - or F). Is exhaustive data coverage possible for this program?
It is possible to carry out exhaustive data coverage for this program.
The process of testing the system in its real environment with real data.
A model of a complex system that includes only the details essential to the perspective of the viewer of the system.
A program that sets up the testing environment by declaring and assigning initial values to variables - then calls the subprogram to be tested.


20. Differentiate between unit testing and integration testing.
Determining exactly what the program must do.
The process of executing a program with data sets designed to discover errors.
The process of testing the system in its real environment with real data.
Unit testing is the testing of a single unit of the program (for instance - a function). Integration testing is the testing of groups of already tested units to make sure that they interact correctly and that the whole program works according to its


21. What is delivery?
An unusual - generally unpredictable event - detectable by software or hardware - that requires special processing; the event may or may not be erroneous.
Used to specify - visualize - construct - and document the components of a software system. This is particularly well suited for modeling object- oriented designs. The diagrams represent another form of abstraction.
A code segment that is not always executed; for example - a switch statement has as many branches as there are case labels.
Turning over the tested program to the customer or user (or instructor!).


22. What is the difference between an object and an object class?
The practice of only showing the information necessary for a user level and hiding the rest of the information. this makes programming in teams easier because you can see the big picture easier. Also - the programmer does not have to worry if the imp
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.
A logical proposition that can be true or false.
The program meets the demands of time or space in memory.


23. What is stepwise refinement?

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24. What is a test plan?
Making changes to fix operational errors and to add or modify the function of the program.
The program meets the demands of time or space in memory.
A document showing the test cases planned for a program or module - their purposes - inputs - expected outputs - and criteria for success.
Also called white- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.


25. What is a walk- through?
Also called a class. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.
Making changes to fix operational errors and to add or modify the function of the program.
A property when changes within a module do not result in changes in the modules that use it.


26. What is integration testing?
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.
The set of valid input data for a program or function.
A model of a complex system that includes only the details essential to the perspective of the viewer of the system.
Testing performed to integrate program modules that have already been independently unit tested.


27. Give examples of the relationship between the cost of error correction in software development and when/where errors are detected in terms of the software life cycle.
A notational tool that helps us determine our initial designs. CRC cards always contain information about the class name - responsibilities of the class and collaborations. CRC cards are great tools for refining an object- oriented design - especiall
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator
This is the idea that program verification activities can be performed throughout the program's life cycle - not just by testing the program after it is coded.
The process of removing known errors.


28. What does usable mean?

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29. What is regression testing?
Re- execution of program tests after modifications have been made to ensure that the program still works correctly.
[Input] All values from 1 to 100. [Expected Output] For input 0-59 => F. For input 60-69 => D. For input 70-79 => C. For input 80-89 => B. For input 90-100 => A.
A property when changes within a module do not result in changes in the modules that use it.
Unit testing is the testing of a single unit of the program (for instance - a function). Integration testing is the testing of groups of already tested units to make sure that they interact correctly and that the whole program works according to its


30. What is requirements specification?
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.
Coding a program in a computer language.
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator
Specifying what the program must do (the functional requirements) and the constraints on the solution approach (non - functional requirements - such as what language to use).


31. What is program validation?
The process of determining the degree to which software fulfills its intended purpose.
Tracing an execution of a design or program on paper.
Re- execution of program tests after modifications have been made to ensure that the program still works correctly.
Unit testing is the testing of a single unit of the program (for instance - a function). Integration testing is the testing of groups of already tested units to make sure that they interact correctly and that the whole program works according to its


32. A program is to read in a numeric score (0 to 100) and display an appropriate letter grade (A - B - C - D - or F). Devise a test plan for this program.
A code segment that is not always executed; for example - a switch statement has as many branches as there are case labels.
The practice of only showing the information necessary for a user level and hiding the rest of the information. this makes programming in teams easier because you can see the big picture easier. Also - the programmer does not have to worry if the imp
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
[Input] All values from 1 to 100. [Expected Output] For input 0-59 => F. For input 60-69 => D. For input 70-79 => C. For input 80-89 => B. For input 90-100 => A.


33. What is robustness?
When you create your code - you break the problem into units called modules. Unit testing tests each individual module by itself. Later - you combine the working units together. Integration testing tests the group of units to see if they work togethe
The approach in which the problem is first broken down into several large parts. Each of these parts is - in turn - divided into sections - the sections are subdivided - and so on. Details are deferred as long as possible.
Also called a class. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.
The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.


34. What is high- and low- level design?

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35. What is the scope resolution operator?
The double colon operator (::).
A verification method in which one member of a team reads the program or design line by line and the other members point out errors.
A logical set of discrete steps that describes a complete solution to a given problem - computable in a finite amount of time.
Turning over the tested program to the customer or user (or instructor!).


36. What is a hierarchy of objects?
When you create your code - you break the problem into units called modules. Unit testing tests each individual module by itself. Later - you combine the working units together. Integration testing tests the group of units to see if they work togethe
The process of determining the degree to which software fulfills its intended purpose.
Testing performed to integrate program modules that have already been independently unit tested.
Reusing objects and processes to implement more complex objects and processes.


37. Give a specific C++ language attribute that supports information hiding.

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38. What is a class?
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.
To 'do it right' to meet its requirements.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
Also called an object. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.


39. What is a module?
Also called robustness. The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
The double colon operator (::).
A cohesive system subunit that performs a share of the work.


40. What are postconditions?
The practice of hiding details of a function or data structure with the goal of controlling access to the details of a module or structure.
Assertions that state what results are expected at the exit of an operation or function - assuming that the preconditions are true.
An unusual - generally unpredictable event - detectable by software or hardware - that requires special processing; the event may or may not be erroneous.
These tools are text editors - compilers - assemblers - operating systems - and debugging programs. (p5)


41. What is a technique used by good problem solvers for dealing with complexity?
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.
Two greater than symbols [>>].
Abstraction
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.


42. What is program verification?
Testing based on measurable factors.
The process of determining the degree to which a software product fulfills its specifications.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
Also called a class. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.


43. What does complete mean?

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44. What is black- box testing?

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45. What is information hiding and why is it considered a good software development practice.
The practice of only showing the information necessary for a user level and hiding the rest of the information. this makes programming in teams easier because you can see the big picture easier. Also - the programmer does not have to worry if the imp
The program's inputs and outputs should be readable and understandable to users.
Abstraction
The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.


46. What is a stub?
A property when changes within a module do not result in changes in the modules that use it.
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.
To take an object and move it from a general perspective to a precise level of detail. Variations of stepwise refinement include: top- down - bottom- up - functional decomposition - and even 'round- trip gestalt design.'
A special function that can be used in top- down testing to stand in for a lower- level function.


47. What does correct mean?

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48. What is the functional domain?
An unusual - generally unpredictable event - detectable by software or hardware - that requires special processing; the event may or may not be erroneous.
The process of executing a program with data sets designed to discover errors.
The set of valid input data for a program or function.
It is possible to carry out exhaustive data coverage for this program.


49. What is inspection?
A structure of tasks with a main module and subsections.
To 'do it right' to meet its requirements.
A verification method in which one member of a team reads the program or design line by line and the other members point out errors.
(1) It works (2) It can be modified without excessive time and effort (3) It is reusable (4) It is completed on time and within budget


50. What is round- trip gestalt design?
The approach in which the problem is first broken down into several large parts. Each of these parts is - in turn - divided into sections - the sections are subdivided - and so on. Details are deferred as long as possible.
A logical proposition that can be true or false.
Defines the stepwise refinement approach to object- oriented design suggested by Grady Booch. First - the tangible items and events in the problem domain are identified and assigned to candidate classes and objects. Next - the external properties and
A code segment that is not always executed; for example - a switch statement has as many branches as there are case labels.