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Software Engineering Principles

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is implementation of the design?
The process of determining the degree to which software fulfills its intended purpose.
Coding a program in a computer language.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
Research has shown that the sooner you detect an error - the lest costly it will be to fix it. catching an error near the end of the software life cycle can be 100 times more costly that catching it at the beginning.

2. What is abstraction?
To 'do everything' specified to meet its requirements.
A logical proposition that can be true or false.
The approach in which the details come first. After the detailed components are identified and designed - they are brought together into increasingly higher- level components.
A model of a complex system that includes only the details essential to the perspective of the viewer of the system.

3. What does usable mean?

4. What is a branch?
The approach in which the problem is first broken down into several large parts. Each of these parts is - in turn - divided into sections - the sections are subdivided - and so on. Details are deferred as long as possible.
A model of a complex system that includes only the details essential to the perspective of the viewer of the system.
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.
A code segment that is not always executed; for example - a switch statement has as many branches as there are case labels.

5. What is an exception?
A combination of branches that might be traversed when a program or function is executed.
An unusual - generally unpredictable event - detectable by software or hardware - that requires special processing; the event may or may not be erroneous.
Also called clear- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
(1) It works (2) It can be modified without excessive time and effort (3) It is reusable (4) It is completed on time and within budget

6. What does correct mean?

7. What is problem analysis?
Making changes to fix operational errors and to add or modify the function of the program.
Understanding the nature of the problem to be solved.
Assertions that state what results are expected at the exit of an operation or function - assuming that the preconditions are true.
Reusing objects and processes to implement more complex objects and processes.

8. What is regression testing?
This program design approach encourages programming in logical action units - called functions. The main module of the design becomes the main program (also called the main function) - and subsections develop into functions. This is top- down stepwis
Testing a program or function based on the possible input values - treating the code as a 'black box.'
Re- execution of program tests after modifications have been made to ensure that the program still works correctly.
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.

9. What is the scope resolution operator?
C++ classes promote information hiding. You can declare private functions and private variables that don't need to be accessable to use the class.
The double colon operator (::).
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.

10. What is program validation?
A property when changes within a module do not result in changes in the modules that use it.
Recording how the program meets the requirements - from the 'big picture' overview to the detailed design.
The process of determining the degree to which software fulfills its intended purpose.
A testing technique whereby the tester tries to execute all possible paths in a program or function.

11. What is information hiding?
The practice of hiding details of a function or data structure with the goal of controlling access to the details of a module or structure.
Assertions that must be true on entry into an operation or function for the postconditions to be guaranteed.
A program that sets up the testing environment by declaring and assigning initial values to variables - then calls the subprogram to be tested.
Defines the stepwise refinement approach to object- oriented design suggested by Grady Booch. First - the tangible items and events in the problem domain are identified and assigned to candidate classes and objects. Next - the external properties and

12. What is top- down stepwise refinement?
You can test the software to see if the correct outcome occurs
The approach in which the problem is first broken down into several large parts. Each of these parts is - in turn - divided into sections - the sections are subdivided - and so on. Details are deferred as long as possible.
Also called a class. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.
Making changes to fix operational errors and to add or modify the function of the program.

13. What is the insertion operator?
Also called a class. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.
Two less than symbols [<<].
The approach in which the problem is first broken down into several large parts. Each of these parts is - in turn - divided into sections - the sections are subdivided - and so on. Details are deferred as long as possible.
Testing a program or function based on the possible input values - treating the code as a 'black box.'

14. What are class - responsibility - and collaboration (CRC) cards?
Turning over the tested program to the customer or user (or instructor!).
A notational tool that helps us determine our initial designs. CRC cards always contain information about the class name - responsibilities of the class and collaborations. CRC cards are great tools for refining an object- oriented design - especiall
The discipline devoted to the design - production - and maintenance of computer programs that are developed on time and within cost estimates - using tools that help to manage the size and complexity of the resulting software products.
Testing performed to integrate program modules that have already been independently unit tested.

15. What are functional subproblems?
The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
Detecting and fixing errors and demonstrating the correctness of the program.
A program that sets up the testing environment by declaring and assigning initial values to variables - then calls the subprogram to be tested.
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.

16. What is clear- box testing?
Also called white- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
A testing technique whereby the tester tries to execute all possible paths in a program or function.
Also called robustness. The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
Abstraction

17. What is an acceptance test?
A testing technique whereby the tester tries to execute all possible paths in a program or function.
Research has shown that the sooner you detect an error - the lest costly it will be to fix it. catching an error near the end of the software life cycle can be 100 times more costly that catching it at the beginning.
The process of testing the system in its real environment with real data.
To 'do everything' specified to meet its requirements.

18. Give a specific C++ language attribute that supports information hiding.

19. How can you verify the correctness of the software you develop?
You can test the software to see if the correct outcome occurs
Defines the stepwise refinement approach to object- oriented design suggested by Grady Booch. First - the tangible items and events in the problem domain are identified and assigned to candidate classes and objects. Next - the external properties and
A testing technique whereby the tester tries to execute all possible paths in a program or function.
Testing performed to integrate program modules that have already been independently unit tested.

20. What is an assertion?
A logical proposition that can be true or false.
Also called robustness. The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
Actually using the program.
The process of testing the system in its real environment with real data.

21. What is implementing a test plan?
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.
Testing performed to integrate program modules that have already been independently unit tested.
Coding a program in a computer language.
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.

22. What is a walk- through?
This is the idea that program verification activities can be performed throughout the program's life cycle - not just by testing the program after it is coded.
A logical proposition that can be true or false.
Abstraction
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.

23. What is the relationship between the cost of error correction in software development and where/when errors are detected in terms of the software life cycle?
Making changes to fix operational errors and to add or modify the function of the program.
A formal definition of the problem your program must solve.
Research has shown that the sooner you detect an error - the lest costly it will be to fix it. catching an error near the end of the software life cycle can be 100 times more costly that catching it at the beginning.
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator

24. Explain the phrase 'life- cycle verification.'

25. What is debugging?
Assertions that state what results are expected at the exit of an operation or function - assuming that the preconditions are true.
Two greater than symbols [>>].
The process of removing known errors.
A testing technique whereby the tester tries to execute all possible paths in a program or function.

26. What is a class?
Testing based on measurable factors.
The discipline devoted to the design - production - and maintenance of computer programs that are developed on time and within cost estimates - using tools that help to manage the size and complexity of the resulting software products.
A standard - integrated set of software engineering tools and techniques used on a project by an organization.
Also called an object. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.

27. What is delivery?
Turning over the tested program to the customer or user (or instructor!).
Also called a class. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.
The practice of hiding details of a function or data structure with the goal of controlling access to the details of a module or structure.
Also called an object. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.

28. What is loose coupling?
A verification method in which one member of a team reads the program or design line by line and the other members point out errors.
A property when changes within a module do not result in changes in the modules that use it.
A structure of tasks with a main module and subsections.
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.

29. What is a hierarchy of tasks?
A special function that can be used in top- down testing to stand in for a lower- level function.
A structure of tasks with a main module and subsections.
Also called white- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
A shared body of knowledge.

30. What is requirements specification?
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator
(1) It works (2) It can be modified without excessive time and effort (3) It is reusable (4) It is completed on time and within budget
The approach in which the details come first. After the detailed components are identified and designed - they are brought together into increasingly higher- level components.
Specifying what the program must do (the functional requirements) and the constraints on the solution approach (non - functional requirements - such as what language to use).

31. What is a detailed specification?
A formal definition of the problem your program must solve.
Assertions that must be true on entry into an operation or function for the postconditions to be guaranteed.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
A structure of tasks with a main module and subsections.

32. What is path testing?
A program that sets up the testing environment by declaring and assigning initial values to variables - then calls the subprogram to be tested.
Testing a module or function by itself.
A notational tool that helps us determine our initial designs. CRC cards always contain information about the class name - responsibilities of the class and collaborations. CRC cards are great tools for refining an object- oriented design - especiall
A testing technique whereby the tester tries to execute all possible paths in a program or function.

33. What is black- box testing?

34. What are software requirements?
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
Making changes to fix operational errors and to add or modify the function of the program.
The functional domain consists of the whole numbers from 0 to 100.
A special function that can be used in top- down testing to stand in for a lower- level function.

35. What is high- and low- level design?

36. What is a hierarchy of objects?
Understanding the nature of the problem to be solved.
Reusing objects and processes to implement more complex objects and processes.
The process of executing a program with data sets designed to discover errors.
A code segment that is not always executed; for example - a switch statement has as many branches as there are case labels.

37. What is a software specification?
Testing a module or function by itself.
A detailed description of the function - inputs - processing - outputs - and special requirements of a software product; it provides the information needed to design and implement the program.
(1) It works (2) It can be modified without excessive time and effort (3) It is reusable (4) It is completed on time and within budget
Also called an object. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.

38. What is testing?
The process of executing a program with data sets designed to discover errors.
The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
Unit testing is the testing of a single unit of the program (for instance - a function). Integration testing is the testing of groups of already tested units to make sure that they interact correctly and that the whole program works according to its
A model of a complex system that includes only the details essential to the perspective of the viewer of the system.

39. What does complete mean?

40. What is the difference between an object and an object class?
The functional domain consists of the whole numbers from 0 to 100.
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.
A logical set of discrete steps that describes a complete solution to a given problem - computable in a finite amount of time.
C++ classes promote information hiding. You can declare private functions and private variables that don't need to be accessable to use the class.

41. What is the extraction operator?
An unusual - generally unpredictable event - detectable by software or hardware - that requires special processing; the event may or may not be erroneous.
Two greater than symbols [>>].
The double colon operator (::).
A property when changes within a module do not result in changes in the modules that use it.

42. What are preconditions?
Assertions that must be true on entry into an operation or function for the postconditions to be guaranteed.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
To 'do it right' to meet its requirements.
The approach in which the problem is first broken down into several large parts. Each of these parts is - in turn - divided into sections - the sections are subdivided - and so on. Details are deferred as long as possible.

43. What is a path?
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.
Research has shown that the sooner you detect an error - the lest costly it will be to fix it. catching an error near the end of the software life cycle can be 100 times more costly that catching it at the beginning.
The process of removing known errors.
A combination of branches that might be traversed when a program or function is executed.

44. What is requirements elicitation?
Understanding the nature of the problem to be solved.
When you create your code - you break the problem into units called modules. Unit testing tests each individual module by itself. Later - you combine the working units together. Integration testing tests the group of units to see if they work togethe
The double colon operator (::).
Determining exactly what the program must do.

45. What is a test driver?
Also called clear- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
When you create your code - you break the problem into units called modules. Unit testing tests each individual module by itself. Later - you combine the working units together. Integration testing tests the group of units to see if they work togethe
A program that sets up the testing environment by declaring and assigning initial values to variables - then calls the subprogram to be tested.
Detecting and fixing errors and demonstrating the correctness of the program.

46. What is deskchecking?
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.
Assertions that state what results are expected at the exit of an operation or function - assuming that the preconditions are true.
Tracing an execution of a design or program on paper.
The process of determining the degree to which software fulfills its intended purpose.

47. What is the software process?
Two less than symbols [<<].
A document showing the test cases planned for a program or module - their purposes - inputs - expected outputs - and criteria for success.
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.
A standard - integrated set of software engineering tools and techniques used on a project by an organization.

48. Give examples of the relationship between the cost of error correction in software development and when/where errors are detected in terms of the software life cycle.
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator
Also called clear- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
A detailed description of the function - inputs - processing - outputs - and special requirements of a software product; it provides the information needed to design and implement the program.
The functional domain consists of the whole numbers from 0 to 100.

49. What is metric- based testing?
Testing based on measurable factors.
A logical set of discrete steps that describes a complete solution to a given problem - computable in a finite amount of time.
When you create your code - you break the problem into units called modules. Unit testing tests each individual module by itself. Later - you combine the working units together. Integration testing tests the group of units to see if they work togethe
Testing a module or function by itself.

50. What is statement coverage?
The process of determining the degree to which software fulfills its intended purpose.
When every statement in the program is executed at least once.
Assertions that must be true on entry into an operation or function for the postconditions to be guaranteed.
Determining exactly what the program must do.