Software Engineering Principles

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is integration testing?
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.
Two less than symbols [<<].
Assertions that must be true on entry into an operation or function for the postconditions to be guaranteed.
Testing performed to integrate program modules that have already been independently unit tested.


2. What is the relationship between the cost of error correction in software development and where/when errors are detected in terms of the software life cycle?
An unusual - generally unpredictable event - detectable by software or hardware - that requires special processing; the event may or may not be erroneous.
A logical set of discrete steps that describes a complete solution to a given problem - computable in a finite amount of time.
Research has shown that the sooner you detect an error - the lest costly it will be to fix it. catching an error near the end of the software life cycle can be 100 times more costly that catching it at the beginning.
Assertions that state what results are expected at the exit of an operation or function - assuming that the preconditions are true.


3. What is program validation?
A verification method in which one member of a team reads the program or design line by line and the other members point out errors.
The set of valid input data for a program or function.
The process of determining the degree to which software fulfills its intended purpose.
The discipline devoted to the design - production - and maintenance of computer programs that are developed on time and within cost estimates - using tools that help to manage the size and complexity of the resulting software products.


4. What is a hierarchy of objects?
The discipline devoted to the design - production - and maintenance of computer programs that are developed on time and within cost estimates - using tools that help to manage the size and complexity of the resulting software products.
Reusing objects and processes to implement more complex objects and processes.
The approach in which the problem is first broken down into several large parts. Each of these parts is - in turn - divided into sections - the sections are subdivided - and so on. Details are deferred as long as possible.
A verification method in which one member of a team reads the program or design line by line and the other members point out errors.


5. Explain the phrase 'life- cycle verification.'

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


6. What is a branch?
Testing a program or function based on the possible input values - treating the code as a 'black box.'
To 'do it right' to meet its requirements.
A code segment that is not always executed; for example - a switch statement has as many branches as there are case labels.
The functional domain consists of the whole numbers from 0 to 100.


7. What are requirements?
The process of testing the system in its real environment with real data.
Also called white- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
To 'do it right' to meet its requirements.


8. What is program verification?
The process of determining the degree to which a software product fulfills its specifications.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.
The process of executing a program with data sets designed to discover errors.


9. What is testing and verification?
Also called robustness. The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
Detecting and fixing errors and demonstrating the correctness of the program.
A document showing the test cases planned for a program or module - their purposes - inputs - expected outputs - and criteria for success.
Tracing an execution of a design or program on paper.


10. What is problem analysis?
When every statement in the program is executed at least once.
Specifying what the program must do (the functional requirements) and the constraints on the solution approach (non - functional requirements - such as what language to use).
Understanding the nature of the problem to be solved.
The process of determining the degree to which a software product fulfills its specifications.


11. What is path testing?
A testing technique whereby the tester tries to execute all possible paths in a program or function.
To take an object and move it from a general perspective to a precise level of detail. Variations of stepwise refinement include: top- down - bottom- up - functional decomposition - and even 'round- trip gestalt design.'
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.
The program's inputs and outputs should be readable and understandable to users.


12. What is regression testing?
Re- execution of program tests after modifications have been made to ensure that the program still works correctly.
Also called white- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
Also called a class. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.
Testing a program or function based on the possible input values - treating the code as a 'black box.'


13. What is high- and low- level design?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


14. What are preconditions?
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.
Recording how the program meets the requirements - from the 'big picture' overview to the detailed design.
Defines the stepwise refinement approach to object- oriented design suggested by Grady Booch. First - the tangible items and events in the problem domain are identified and assigned to candidate classes and objects. Next - the external properties and
Assertions that must be true on entry into an operation or function for the postconditions to be guaranteed.


15. What does usable mean?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


16. What is the scope resolution operator?
The double colon operator (::).
The program's inputs and outputs should be readable and understandable to users.
C++ classes promote information hiding. You can declare private functions and private variables that don't need to be accessable to use the class.
Testing a program or function based on the possible input values - treating the code as a 'black box.'


17. What are postconditions?
Defines the stepwise refinement approach to object- oriented design suggested by Grady Booch. First - the tangible items and events in the problem domain are identified and assigned to candidate classes and objects. Next - the external properties and
Assertions that state what results are expected at the exit of an operation or function - assuming that the preconditions are true.
When every statement in the program is executed at least once.
These tools are text editors - compilers - assemblers - operating systems - and debugging programs. (p5)


18. What is an object?
Also called a class. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.
Defines the stepwise refinement approach to object- oriented design suggested by Grady Booch. First - the tangible items and events in the problem domain are identified and assigned to candidate classes and objects. Next - the external properties and
You can test the software to see if the correct outcome occurs
The set of valid input data for a program or function.


19. What is a stub?
The approach in which the details come first. After the detailed components are identified and designed - they are brought together into increasingly higher- level components.
A program that sets up the testing environment by declaring and assigning initial values to variables - then calls the subprogram to be tested.
Testing a program or function based on the possible input values - treating the code as a 'black box.'
A special function that can be used in top- down testing to stand in for a lower- level function.


20. What is an exception?
The process of determining the degree to which software fulfills its intended purpose.
An unusual - generally unpredictable event - detectable by software or hardware - that requires special processing; the event may or may not be erroneous.
(1) It works (2) It can be modified without excessive time and effort (3) It is reusable (4) It is completed on time and within budget
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.


21. What is a path?
A combination of branches that might be traversed when a program or function is executed.
The process of executing a program with data sets designed to discover errors.
The practice of hiding details of a function or data structure with the goal of controlling access to the details of a module or structure.
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator


22. What is a test driver?
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.
The process of removing known errors.
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator
A program that sets up the testing environment by declaring and assigning initial values to variables - then calls the subprogram to be tested.


23. The difference between unit testing and integration testing.
A standard - integrated set of software engineering tools and techniques used on a project by an organization.
Research has shown that the sooner you detect an error - the lest costly it will be to fix it. catching an error near the end of the software life cycle can be 100 times more costly that catching it at the beginning.
When you create your code - you break the problem into units called modules. Unit testing tests each individual module by itself. Later - you combine the working units together. Integration testing tests the group of units to see if they work togethe
Two less than symbols [<<].


24. Give examples of the relationship between the cost of error correction in software development and when/where errors are detected in terms of the software life cycle.
The process of removing known errors.
Also called a class. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator
Tracing an execution of a design or program on paper.


25. What is unit testing?
Two less than symbols [<<].
A standard - integrated set of software engineering tools and techniques used on a project by an organization.
Testing a module or function by itself.
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.


26. What are software requirements?
Testing performed to integrate program modules that have already been independently unit tested.
A statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product.
Detecting and fixing errors and demonstrating the correctness of the program.
You can test the software to see if the correct outcome occurs


27. What is a software specification?
A program that sets up the testing environment by declaring and assigning initial values to variables - then calls the subprogram to be tested.
A property when changes within a module do not result in changes in the modules that use it.
It is possible to carry out exhaustive data coverage for this program.
A detailed description of the function - inputs - processing - outputs - and special requirements of a software product; it provides the information needed to design and implement the program.


28. A program is to read in a numeric score (0 to 100) and display an appropriate letter grade (A - B - C - D - or F). What is the functional domain of this program?
A shared body of knowledge.
Detecting and fixing errors and demonstrating the correctness of the program.
The functional domain consists of the whole numbers from 0 to 100.
A document showing the test cases planned for a program or module - their purposes - inputs - expected outputs - and criteria for success.


29. Name some software tools that you have used in developing computer programs.
These tools are text editors - compilers - assemblers - operating systems - and debugging programs. (p5)
The program's inputs and outputs should be readable and understandable to users.
This is the idea that program verification activities can be performed throughout the program's life cycle - not just by testing the program after it is coded.
Recording how the program meets the requirements - from the 'big picture' overview to the detailed design.


30. What is a test plan?
Also called white- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
A document showing the test cases planned for a program or module - their purposes - inputs - expected outputs - and criteria for success.
[Input] All values from 1 to 100. [Expected Output] For input 0-59 => F. For input 60-69 => D. For input 70-79 => C. For input 80-89 => B. For input 90-100 => A.
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.


31. What is top- down stepwise refinement?
Testing a program or function based on the possible input values - treating the code as a 'black box.'
Specifying what the program must do (the functional requirements) and the constraints on the solution approach (non - functional requirements - such as what language to use).
The approach in which the problem is first broken down into several large parts. Each of these parts is - in turn - divided into sections - the sections are subdivided - and so on. Details are deferred as long as possible.
Recording how the program meets the requirements - from the 'big picture' overview to the detailed design.


32. What is a module?
The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator
A cohesive system subunit that performs a share of the work.
The approach in which the details come first. After the detailed components are identified and designed - they are brought together into increasingly higher- level components.


33. What is the difference between an object and an object class?
Tracing an execution of a design or program on paper.
(1) It works (2) It can be modified without excessive time and effort (3) It is reusable (4) It is completed on time and within budget
Also called white- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.


34. What is functional decomposition?
A code segment that is not always executed; for example - a switch statement has as many branches as there are case labels.
The process of removing known errors.
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.
This program design approach encourages programming in logical action units - called functions. The main module of the design becomes the main program (also called the main function) - and subsections develop into functions. This is top- down stepwis


35. What does complete mean?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


36. What is the software process?
A standard - integrated set of software engineering tools and techniques used on a project by an organization.
A shared body of knowledge.
The program's inputs and outputs should be readable and understandable to users.
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.


37. What is the unified modeling language (UML)?
Used to specify - visualize - construct - and document the components of a software system. This is particularly well suited for modeling object- oriented designs. The diagrams represent another form of abstraction.
Assertions that must be true on entry into an operation or function for the postconditions to be guaranteed.
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.
Specifying what the program must do (the functional requirements) and the constraints on the solution approach (non - functional requirements - such as what language to use).


38. What is white- box testing?
This is the idea that program verification activities can be performed throughout the program's life cycle - not just by testing the program after it is coded.
Reusing objects and processes to implement more complex objects and processes.
Also called clear- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
A logical proposition that can be true or false.


39. What is implementing a test plan?
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.
A verification method in which a team performs a manual simulation of the program or design.
A code segment that is not always executed; for example - a switch statement has as many branches as there are case labels.
To 'do it right' to meet its requirements.


40. What are functional subproblems?
The discipline devoted to the design - production - and maintenance of computer programs that are developed on time and within cost estimates - using tools that help to manage the size and complexity of the resulting software products.
Also called clear- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.
The program's inputs and outputs should be readable and understandable to users.
Simple statements like do this - then do this - then do that.


41. What is deskchecking?
Determining exactly what the program must do.
(1) Wasted programmer/planning hours (2) Wasted dollars (salaries - etc) (3) More difficult for a new programmer to fix - not the creator
Tracing an execution of a design or program on paper.
A program that sets up the testing environment by declaring and assigning initial values to variables - then calls the subprogram to be tested.


42. What is bottom- up stepwise refinement?
A verification method in which one member of a team reads the program or design line by line and the other members point out errors.
Running the program with the test cases listed in the test plan.
Reusing objects and processes to implement more complex objects and processes.
The approach in which the details come first. After the detailed components are identified and designed - they are brought together into increasingly higher- level components.


43. What is implementation of the design?
A notational tool that helps us determine our initial designs. CRC cards always contain information about the class name - responsibilities of the class and collaborations. CRC cards are great tools for refining an object- oriented design - especiall
The process of determining the degree to which a software product fulfills its specifications.
A detailed description of the function - inputs - processing - outputs - and special requirements of a software product; it provides the information needed to design and implement the program.
Coding a program in a computer language.


44. What is a class?
(1) It works (2) It can be modified without excessive time and effort (3) It is reusable (4) It is completed on time and within budget
Also called an object. The description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors; a pattern for creating individual objects.
You can test the software to see if the correct outcome occurs
The process of removing known errors.


45. What is round- trip gestalt design?
Assertions that state what results are expected at the exit of an operation or function - assuming that the preconditions are true.
Defines the stepwise refinement approach to object- oriented design suggested by Grady Booch. First - the tangible items and events in the problem domain are identified and assigned to candidate classes and objects. Next - the external properties and
The process of testing the system in its real environment with real data.
Also called clear- box testing. Testing a program or function based on covering all the statements - branches - or paths of code.


46. What is information hiding and why is it considered a good software development practice.
The program's inputs and outputs should be readable and understandable to users.
The ability of a program to recover following an error; the ability of a program to continue to operate within its environment.
Unit testing is the testing of a single unit of the program (for instance - a function). Integration testing is the testing of groups of already tested units to make sure that they interact correctly and that the whole program works according to its
The practice of only showing the information necessary for a user level and hiding the rest of the information. this makes programming in teams easier because you can see the big picture easier. Also - the programmer does not have to worry if the imp


47. What is operation?
A structure of tasks with a main module and subsections.
Actually using the program.
A testing technique whereby the tester tries to execute all possible paths in a program or function.
A logical set of discrete steps that describes a complete solution to a given problem - computable in a finite amount of time.


48. What are class - responsibility - and collaboration (CRC) cards?
An object is an individual while a class is a description of a group of objects with similar properties and behaviors. Labrador dogs is an example of a class and Maggie is an example of an object.
A notational tool that helps us determine our initial designs. CRC cards always contain information about the class name - responsibilities of the class and collaborations. CRC cards are great tools for refining an object- oriented design - especiall
Re- execution of program tests after modifications have been made to ensure that the program still works correctly.
Detecting and fixing errors and demonstrating the correctness of the program.


49. What is black- box testing?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


50. What does efficient mean?
When you create your code - you break the problem into units called modules. Unit testing tests each individual module by itself. Later - you combine the working units together. Integration testing tests the group of units to see if they work togethe
Coding a program in a computer language.
It is possible to carry out exhaustive data coverage for this program.
The program meets the demands of time or space in memory.