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Supply And Logistics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forecasting techniques that use input from high-level experienced managers
time bucket
executive judgment (judgement-based)
Impact of lot size restrictions on quantity discounts
Outputs of materials requirements planning (MRP)
2. The sum of the inventory held across all of the locations in a company
total system inventory
Delphi method (judgement-based)
finished goods inventory
infinite loading
3. Lot size is the "batch size" of an order - e.g. you must order in increments of fifty - you should order the increment with the lowest TAC.
aggregate production plan
reorder point (ROP)
items included in the inventory record
Impact of lot size restrictions on quantity discounts
4. 1) Enhanced teamwork at executive & operating levels 2) Better decisions with less effort and time 3) Better alignment of operational - marketing and financial plans 4) Greater accountability for results 5) Ability to see potential problems sooner
exponential smoothing (time-series - statistical)
advance planning and scheduling (APS) systems
difference between order & setup costs
Soft benefits of S&OP
5. Expenses incurred in placing receiving orders from suppliers - including order preparation - transmittal - receiving - and A/P processing
distribution requirements planning (DRP)
planned order release
saw-tooth diagram
order cost
6. 1) Produce all units internally by hiring workers in high-demand monts and firing/laying off workers in low-demand months 2) Produce internally the quantity required to meet demand in the lowest-demand month and use overtime production to meet demand
production order quantity
judgement-based forecasting
focused forecasting
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
7. The entire time period covered by the MPS
planned order receipt
part number
planning horizon
demand during lead time
8. An order for the exact amount needed
production order quantity
lot-for-lot (L4L)
life cycle analysis
Steps of designing a forecasting process
9. The firm produces at a constant rate over the year
time bucket
Three components of resource requirements planning
level production strategy (aggregate production strategy)
simulation models
10. Management systems used when the demand for an item is derived from the demand for some other item
dependent demand inventory systems
transit inventory
Pareto's law
ways to improve demand planning
11. Supply chain partner firms share invormation and insights in order to generate better forecasts and plans
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
infinite loading
economic order quantity (EOQ)
gross requirements
12. A moving average approach that applies exponentially decreasing weights to each demand that occurred farther back in time
Steps of designing a forecasting process
buffer (safety) stock
exponential smoothing (time-series - statistical)
steps to determine order quantity when quantity discounts are available
13. The determination of how many additional units are needed
requirements explosion
bullwhip effect
the expense components of carrying cost
nervousness
14. Expenses incurred due to the fact that inventory is held
historical analogy (judgement-based)
stockout (shortage) cost
finished goods inventory
carrying (holding cost)
15. 1) Balancing supply and demand 2) Buffering uncertainty in supply/demand 3) Enabling economies of buying 4) Enabling geographic specialization
assumptions underlying the EOQ formulation
the roles of inventory
setup cost
infinite loading
16. Vendor is responsible for managing the inventory located at a customer's facility
infinite loading
vendor-managed inventory (VIM)
postponable product
naive model (time-series - statistical)
17. Replan each period (month or quarter) - for a given number of periods into the future
bill of materials (BOM)
assumptions underlying the EOQ formulation
simulation models
rolling planning horizons
18. A method by which supply chain partners periodicaly hsare forecasts - demand palns - and resource plans in order to reduce uncertainty and risk in meeting customer demand
causal models vs. simulation models
vendor-managed inventory (VIM)
inventory status file
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
19. Combination of the choice of which customer segment the firm will target with a specific value proposition and the supply chain capabilities used to deliver it
uncertainty period
forecast error
periodic order quantity (POQ)
business model
20. Sum of all relevant inventory costs incurred each year
total acquisition cost (TAC)
trend
cost of a unit stockout
executive judgment (judgement-based)
21. Small disturbance generated by a customer produces sucessively larger disturbances at each upstream stage in the supply chain
bullwhip effect
Outputs of materials requirements planning (MRP)
forecast accuracy
grassroots forecasting (judgement-based)
22. The part of panned production that is not committed to a customer
important trends influencing operations management and the emergence of business models
advance planning and scheduling (APS) systems
available to promise
executive judgment (judgement-based)
23. Computing power will double every 18 months while computing cost will decrease by half
24. The general sloping tendency of demand - wither upward or downward - in a linear or nonlinear fashion
the financial impact of inventory
yield management
cumulative lead time
trend
25. The total amount of an end item that is required
available to promise
Delphi method (judgement-based)
demand planning
gross requirements
26. Technique that seeks inputs from people who are in close contact with customers and products
grassroots forecasting (judgement-based)
capacity requirements planning (CRP)
reorder point (ROP)
nervousness
27. 1) Extraction 2) Production 3) Packaging and Transport 4) Usage 5) Disposal/Recycling
Wastes produced throughout the five product life cycle stages
the financial impact of inventory
rought-cut capacity planning
Advantages of high inventory turnover
28. The probability of meeting all demand for an item = cost of a unit stockout / (cost of a unit stockout + cost of being overstocked by one unit)
two-bin system
measures of inventory performance
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
target service level (TSL)
29. inventory that is in the production process
work in process inventory
Three components of resource requirements planning
moving average (time-series - statistical)
raw materials and components parts
30. inventory management systems used when the demand for an item is beyond the control of the organization
finished goods inventory
transit inventory
single period inventory model
independent demand inventory systems
31. Process where each item in inventory is physically counted on a routine schedule
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
cycle counting
life cycle waste assessment matrix (LCWAM)
inventory status file
32. Simple forecasting approach that assumes that recent history is a good predictor of the near future
setup cost
forecast accuracy
naive model (time-series - statistical)
work in process inventory
33. Forecasts developed by asking a panel fo experts to individually and repeatedly respond to a series of questions
available to promise
Delphi method (judgement-based)
seasonality and cycles
simulation models
34. A product designed so that it can be configured to its final form quickly and inexpensively once actual customer demand is known
Cost of being overstocked by one unit
ways to improve demand planning
postponable product
types of costs that must be identified and quantified in aggregate planning
35. A strategy that includes some elements of level production and some elements of chase production strategies
mixed or hybrid strategy
Three components of resource requirements planning
chase strategy (aggregate production strategy)
Moore's law
36. Process to develop tactical plans by integrating customer-focused marketing plans for new and existing products with the operational management of the supply chain
materials requirements planning (MRP)
Three components of resource requirements planning
sales and operations planning (S&OP)
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
37. Demand that depends upon decisions made by internal operations managers
items included in the inventory record
MRO inventory
dependent demand
forecast accuracy
38. A mathematical approach for fitting an equation to a set of data
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
regression analysis
seasonality and cycles
39. A detailed description of an "end item" and al ist of all of its raw materials - parts and subassemblies
life cycle analysis
materials requirements planning (MRP)
raw materials and components parts
bill of materials (BOM)
40. An order for an amount that covers a fixed period of time
sales and operations planning (S&OP)
periodic order quantity (POQ)
days of supply
service level
41. The longest lead-time path in the BOM
net requriements
historical analogy (judgement-based)
demand during lead time
cumulative lead time
42. 1) Opportunity cost - including cost of capital 2) Owning/maintaining storage space 3) Taxes 4) Insurance 5) Obsolescence and loss 6) Materials handling - tracking - management
important trends influencing operations management and the emergence of business models
fixed order quantity (FOQ)
the expense components of carrying cost
net requriements
43. Average size of forecast errors - irrespective of their directions.
historical analogy (judgement-based)
mean absolute deviation / mean absolute error
demand management
judgement-based forecasting
44. Ratio between average inventory and the level of sales: = COGS/Average inventory@cost = Net sales/Average inventory@sales price = Unit sales/Average inventory in units
quantitative ABC analysis procedure
product cost
lot-for-lot (L4L)
inventory turnover
45. Built upon estimates and opinions of people - e.g. experts. Attempt to incorporate factors of demand that are difficult to capture in a purely statistical model.
buffer (safety) stock
raw materials and components parts
periodic order quantity (POQ)
judgement-based forecasting
46. A period of time when an unknown amount of inventory is on hand
postponable product
rolling planning horizons
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
uncertainty period
47. Production processes halted
Cost of being overstocked by one unit
impact of raw material and compontent part stockouts
the roles of inventory
demand management tactics
48. Unique ID for a part used by a specific company
part number
stable pattern
fixed order quantity (FOQ)
requirements explosion
49. inventory of an item is stored in two different locations
inefficiencies caused by unpredictably fluctuating customer demand
two-bin system
nervousness
carrying (holding cost)
50. Management system built around checking and ordering inventory at some regular interval
forecast bias / mean forecast error
autocorrelation
periodic review model
reorder point (ROP)