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Test your basic knowledge |
Supply And Logistics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specifies the production rates - inventory - employment levels - backlogs - possible subcontracting - and other resources needed to meet the sales plan
aggregate production plan
planned order receipt
dependent demand inventory systems
transit inventory
2. Technique that seeks inputs from people who are in close contact with customers and products
gross requirements
grassroots forecasting (judgement-based)
load profile
stable pattern
3. Cost incurred when inventory is not available to meet demand - cost of lost current and future sales
impact of raw material and compontent part stockouts
stockout (shortage) cost
forecast bias / mean forecast error
independent demand inventory systems
4. Demand that is created by customers
basic questions to answer when planning inventories
items included in the inventory record
service level
independet demand
5. 1) Balancing supply and demand 2) Buffering uncertainty in supply/demand 3) Enabling economies of buying 4) Enabling geographic specialization
the roles of inventory
vendor-managed inventory (VIM)
time bucket
service level policy
6. Cycle stocks - safety stocks - managing locations - implementing inventory models
Global Trade Item Number (GTIN)
Managerial approaches to reducing inventory costs
regression analysis
reorder point (ROP)
7. An event that occurs when no inventory is available
stockout
carrying (holding cost)
postponable product
impact of raw material and compontent part stockouts
8. An order for an amount that covers a fixed period of time
focused forecasting
autocorrelation
periodic order quantity (POQ)
executive judgment (judgement-based)
9. Model used to determine the order size for a one-time purchase
single period inventory model
master production schedule (MPS)
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
level production strategy (aggregate production strategy)
10. Lot size is the "batch size" of an order - e.g. you must order in increments of fifty - you should order the increment with the lowest TAC.
inventory turnover
Impact of lot size restrictions on quantity discounts
aggregate production plan
Moore's law
11. Correlation of current demand values with past demand values
autocorrelation
inefficiencies caused by unpredictably fluctuating customer demand
weighted moving average (time-series - statistical)
net requriements
12. inventory is constantly monitored to decide when a replenishement order needs to be placed
continuous review model
cycle counting
moving average (time-series - statistical)
planned order receipt
13. Combination of the choice of which customer segment the firm will target with a specific value proposition and the supply chain capabilities used to deliver it
steps to determine order quantity when quantity discounts are available
reorder point (ROP)
business model
square root rule
14. Measurement of how closely the forecast aligns with the observations over time
mean absolute deviation / mean absolute error
dependent demand inventory systems
total system inventory
forecast accuracy
15. 1) MRP (Materials Requirements Planning) 2) DRP (Distribution Requirements Planning) 3) CRP (Capacity Requirements Planning)
stable pattern
Three components of resource requirements planning
rolling planning horizons
target service level (TSL)
16. An estimate of the capacity needed at work centers
Hard benefits of S&OP
historical analogy (judgement-based)
capacity requirements planning (CRP)
quantitative ABC analysis procedure
17. Administrative expenses and the expenses of rearranging a work center to produce an item
causal models vs. simulation models
production order quantity
setup cost
saw-tooth diagram
18. A method of estimating the impact of changing the number of lcoations on the quantity of inventory held
time bucket
periodic order quantity (POQ)
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
square root rule
19. Forecasting models that compute forecasts using historical data arranged in the order of occurrence
mean absolute deviation / mean absolute error
time series and analysis methods
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
reorder point (ROP)
20. The part of panned production that is not committed to a customer
causal models vs. simulation models
available to promise
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
bullwhip effect
21. The entire time period covered by the MPS
periodic review model
planning horizon
stockout (shortage) cost
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
22. A one-time change in demand - susually due to some external influence on demand
shift or step change
requirements explosion
postponable product
carrying (holding cost)
23. Production processes halted
ABC analysis
impact of raw material and compontent part stockouts
days of supply
simulation models
24. The number of days of business operations that can be supported with the inventory on hand = Current inventory/Expected daily demand
moving average (time-series - statistical)
days of supply
Global Trade Item Number (GTIN)
Hard benefits of S&OP
25. Ratio between average inventory and the level of sales: = COGS/Average inventory@cost = Net sales/Average inventory@sales price = Unit sales/Average inventory in units
Outputs of materials requirements planning (MRP)
ways to improve demand planning
historical analogy (judgement-based)
inventory turnover
26. Production rate is changed in each period to match the amount of expected demand
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
single period inventory model
nervousness
chase strategy (aggregate production strategy)
27. Specification of the amount of risk of incurring a stockout that a firm is willing to incur
service level policy
forecast error
rules of forecasting
inventory turnover
28. A product designed so that it can be configured to its final form quickly and inexpensively once actual customer demand is known
independet demand
yield management
postponable product
saw-tooth diagram
29. The sum of the inventory held across all of the locations in a company
focused forecasting
total system inventory
marketing research (judgement-based)
measures of inventory performance
30. An order for the same amount each time
fixed order quantity (FOQ)
time series and analysis methods
simulation models
sales and operations planning (S&OP)
31. Expenses incurred due to the fact that inventory is held
carrying (holding cost)
yield management
inventory turnover
inefficiencies caused by unpredictably fluctuating customer demand
32. inventory management systems used when the demand for an item is beyond the control of the organization
raw materials and components parts
materials requirements planning (MRP)
independent demand inventory systems
rules of forecasting
33. An estimation of the availability of the critical resources needed to support the MPS
requirements explosion
rought-cut capacity planning
impact of raw material and compontent part stockouts
capacity requirements planning (CRP)
34. A parameter indicating the weight given to the most recent demand
demand during lead time
carrying (holding cost)
forecast bias / mean forecast error
smoothing coefficient
35. A combination of common sense inputs from frontline personnel and a computer simulation process
demand during lead time
Moore's law
judgement-based forecasting
focused forecasting
36. Forecasting techniques that use input from high-level experienced managers
executive judgment (judgement-based)
inventory turnover
total system inventory
carrying (holding cost)
37. 1) Stockout risk up 2) COGS up because of inability to purchase or produce in quantity 3) Purchasing - ordering & receiving time - effort and cost up
continuous review model
dependent demand inventory systems
Cost of being overstocked by one unit
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
38. Combined process of forecasting and managing customer demands to create a planned pattern of demand that meets the firm's operations and financial goals (includes demand forecasting and management)
demand planning
load profile
fixed order quantity (FOQ)
ABC analysis
39. 1) Inventory holding cost 2) Regular production cost 3) Overtime cost 4) Hiring cost 5) Firing/layoff cost 6) Backorder/lost sales cost 7) Subcontracting cost
work in process inventory
types of costs that must be identified and quantified in aggregate planning
Hard benefits of S&OP
Three components of resource requirements planning
40. The most economic quantity to order when units become available at the rate at which they are produced (i.e. with partial order deliveries)
two-bin system
single period inventory model
production order quantity
Soft benefits of S&OP
41. Supply of items held by a firm to meet demand
collaborative activities in CPFR
carrying (holding cost)
inventory
advance planning and scheduling (APS) systems
42. Sum of all relevant inventory costs incurred each year
Wastes produced throughout the five product life cycle stages
demand forecasting
total acquisition cost (TAC)
infinite loading
43. 1) Produce all units internally by hiring workers in high-demand monts and firing/laying off workers in low-demand months 2) Produce internally the quantity required to meet demand in the lowest-demand month and use overtime production to meet demand
time bucket
basic questions to answer when planning inventories
materials requirements planning (MRP)
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
44. Small disturbance generated by a customer produces sucessively larger disturbances at each upstream stage in the supply chain
uncertainty period
distribution requirements planning (DRP)
bullwhip effect
inventory turnover
45. 1) Extra resources expand and contract capacity to meet varying demand 2) Backlogging of certain orders to smooth out demand fluctuations 3) Customer dissatisfaction with inability to meet all demands 4) Buffering the system with safety stocks - saf
net requriements
distribution requirements planning (DRP)
inefficiencies caused by unpredictably fluctuating customer demand
periodic order quantity (POQ)
46. Supply chain partner firms share invormation and insights in order to generate better forecasts and plans
naive model (time-series - statistical)
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
stockout
47. A period of time when an unknown amount of inventory is on hand
mixed or hybrid strategy
Wastes produced throughout the five product life cycle stages
uncertainty period
Steps of designing a forecasting process
48. 1) Rapid technological change 2) Increasing importance of sustainability 3) Growing roles of national and corporate cultures
measures of inventory performance
sales and operations planning (S&OP)
impact of raw material and compontent part stockouts
important trends influencing operations management and the emergence of business models
49. The ranking of all items of inventory acording to importance
ABC analysis
trend
steps to determine order quantity when quantity discounts are available
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
50. An illustration of the pattern of ordering and inventory levels
basic questions to answer when planning inventories
judgement-based forecasting
Pareto's law
saw-tooth diagram