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Test your basic knowledge |
Supply And Logistics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sophisticated mathematical programs that offer forecasters the ability to evaluate different business scenarios that might yield different demand outcomes
simulation models
infinite loading
stockout (shortage) cost
moving average (time-series - statistical)
2. 1) Stockout risk up 2) COGS up because of inability to purchase or produce in quantity 3) Purchasing - ordering & receiving time - effort and cost up
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
inventory
service level policy
Managerial approaches to reducing inventory costs
3. 1) Improved forecast accuracy 2) Higher customer service with lower finished goods inventory levels due to better forecasts and coordination fo supply with demand 3) More stable supply rates -> Higher productivity for purchasing - suppliers and oper
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
aggregate production plan
Hard benefits of S&OP
collaborative activities in CPFR
4. Average size of forecast errors - irrespective of their directions.
the financial impact of inventory
mean absolute deviation / mean absolute error
part number
capacity requirements planning (CRP)
5. The probability of meeting all demand for an item = cost of a unit stockout / (cost of a unit stockout + cost of being overstocked by one unit)
bill of materials (BOM)
target service level (TSL)
marketing research (judgement-based)
production order quantity
6. The minimum amount needed in the period
lot-for-lot (L4L)
inventory
target service level (TSL)
net requriements
7. An estimate of the capacity needed at work centers
planning horizon
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
independent demand inventory systems
capacity requirements planning (CRP)
8. The total amount of an end item that is required
gross requirements
the roles of inventory
important trends influencing operations management and the emergence of business models
product cost
9. The ranking of all items of inventory acording to importance
Managerial approaches to reducing inventory costs
ABC analysis
causal models vs. simulation models
service level
10. A strategy that includes some elements of level production and some elements of chase production strategies
types of costs that must be identified and quantified in aggregate planning
sales and operations planning (S&OP)
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
mixed or hybrid strategy
11. The longest lead-time path in the BOM
the roles of inventory
rolling planning horizons
independet demand
cumulative lead time
12. An order for the exact amount needed
planning horizon
bill of materials (BOM)
Steps of designing a forecasting process
lot-for-lot (L4L)
13. Unit cost + disposal cost - salvage value
mean absolute deviation / mean absolute error
Cost of being overstocked by one unit
fixed order quantity (FOQ)
quantitative ABC analysis procedure
14. Vendor is responsible for managing the inventory located at a customer's facility
days of supply
quantitative ABC analysis procedure
vendor-managed inventory (VIM)
historical analogy (judgement-based)
15. 1) Influence the timing or quantity of demand through pricing changes - promotions - or sales incentives 2) Manage the timing of order fulfillment 3) Substitute by encouraging customers to shift their orders from one product to another - or from o
demand management tactics
gross requirements
periodic order quantity (POQ)
master production schedule (MPS)
16. Combined process of forecasting and managing customer demands to create a planned pattern of demand that meets the firm's operations and financial goals (includes demand forecasting and management)
steps to determine order quantity when quantity discounts are available
advance planning and scheduling (APS) systems
demand planning
Techniques used to manage inventory
17. Consistent horizontal stream of demands
Wastes produced throughout the five product life cycle stages
stable pattern
time bucket
materials requirements planning (MRP)
18. Unique ID for a part used by a specific company
part number
stable pattern
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
Advantages of high inventory turnover
19. The amount of an item that is planned to be ordered in a period
Impact of lot size restrictions on quantity discounts
postponable product
inefficiencies caused by unpredictably fluctuating customer demand
planned order release
20. 1) Produce all units internally by hiring workers in high-demand monts and firing/laying off workers in low-demand months 2) Produce internally the quantity required to meet demand in the lowest-demand month and use overtime production to meet demand
buffer (safety) stock
periodic review model
capacity requirements planning (CRP)
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
21. The general sloping tendency of demand - wither upward or downward - in a linear or nonlinear fashion
weighted moving average (time-series - statistical)
trend
regression analysis
stockout (shortage) cost
22. Measure of how well the objective of meeting customer demand is met: usually in terms of # or % of inventory items for which there is no inventory on hand
service level
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
stockout
causal models vs. simulation models
23. Sum of all relevant inventory costs incurred each year
total acquisition cost (TAC)
bill of materials (BOM)
MRO inventory
demand forecasting
24. inconsistencies in the plan causes by changes to the MPS
nervousness
time series and analysis methods
MRO inventory
quantitative ABC analysis procedure
25. Unit selling price - unit cost
planning horizon
stockout
cost of a unit stockout
judgement-based forecasting
26. inventory of an item is stored in two different locations
cumulative lead time
smoothing coefficient
production order quantity
two-bin system
27. Items bought from suppliers to use in the production of a product
demand management tactics
raw materials and components parts
independet demand
cycle stock
28. Specifies the production rates - inventory - employment levels - backlogs - possible subcontracting - and other resources needed to meet the sales plan
aggregate production plan
regression analysis
Hard benefits of S&OP
two-bin system
29. The number of days of business operations that can be supported with the inventory on hand = Current inventory/Expected daily demand
Techniques used to manage inventory
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
capacity requirements planning (CRP)
days of supply
30. An order for the same amount each time
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
steps to determine order quantity when quantity discounts are available
fixed order quantity (FOQ)
sales and operations planning (S&OP)
31. Amount paid to suppliers for products that are purchased
master production schedule (MPS)
Moore's law
product cost
service level policy
32. A fixed time period that passes between inventory reviews
ways to improve demand planning
service level
difference between order & setup costs
order interval
33. A one-time change in demand - susually due to some external influence on demand
independent demand inventory systems
order cost
Cost of being overstocked by one unit
shift or step change
34. A period of time when an unknown amount of inventory is on hand
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
business model
uncertainty period
mean absolute deviation / mean absolute error
35. inventory that is in the production process
the financial impact of inventory
rolling planning horizons
infinite loading
work in process inventory
36. Supply of items held by a firm to meet demand
inventory
buffer (safety) stock
life cycle waste assessment matrix (LCWAM)
periodic order quantity (POQ)
37. 1) No quantity discounts 2) No lot size restrictions 3) No partial deliveries 4) No variability 5) Quantity of one product is not dependent on that of another
marketing research (judgement-based)
product cost
assumptions underlying the EOQ formulation
work in process inventory
38. Times series models use only past demand values as indicators of future demand. Causal models use other independent - observed data to predict demand.
total acquisition cost (TAC)
demand during lead time
causal models vs. simulation models
dependent demand
39. A planning system used to ensure the right quantities of materials are available when needed
chase strategy (aggregate production strategy)
collaborative activities in CPFR
moving average (time-series - statistical)
materials requirements planning (MRP)
40. Order quantity that minimizes the sum of annual inventory carrying cost and annual ordering cost
demand during lead time
smoothing coefficient
total system inventory
economic order quantity (EOQ)
41. The amount of demand that occurs while awaiting receipt of an inventory replenishment order
marketing research (judgement-based)
regression analysis
time bucket
demand during lead time
42. Management systems used when the demand for an item is derived from the demand for some other item
dependent demand inventory systems
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
stable pattern
assumptions underlying the EOQ formulation
43. An estimation of the availability of the critical resources needed to support the MPS
regression analysis
rought-cut capacity planning
autocorrelation
collaborative activities in CPFR
44. Built upon estimates and opinions of people - e.g. experts. Attempt to incorporate factors of demand that are difficult to capture in a purely statistical model.
forecast accuracy
life cycle analysis
judgement-based forecasting
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
45. How much should be ordered and when?
materials requirements planning (MRP)
bill of materials (BOM)
basic questions to answer when planning inventories
bullwhip effect
46. inventory is constantly monitored to decide when a replenishement order needs to be placed
carrying (holding cost)
types of costs that must be identified and quantified in aggregate planning
continuous review model
planned order receipt
47. 1) Balancing supply and demand 2) Buffering uncertainty in supply/demand 3) Enabling economies of buying 4) Enabling geographic specialization
autocorrelation
executive judgment (judgement-based)
demand management tactics
the roles of inventory
48. Systems that integrate materials and capacity planning into one system
Pareto's law
advance planning and scheduling (APS) systems
trend
Outputs of materials requirements planning (MRP)
49. Approach used to evaluate the costs generated by wastes produced throughout a product's life cycle
life cycle analysis
forecast bias / mean forecast error
continuous review model
demand forecasting
50. Proactive approach in which managers attempt to influence either the pattern or consistency of demand
demand management
life cycle analysis
items included in the inventory record
simulation models