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Test your basic knowledge |
Supply And Logistics
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
business-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An event that occurs when no inventory is available
requirements explosion
Advantages of high inventory turnover
stockout
Three components of resource requirements planning
2. Minimum level of inventory that triggers the need to order more
inventory turnover
grassroots forecasting (judgement-based)
reorder point (ROP)
forecast accuracy
3. An order for an amount that covers a fixed period of time
dependent demand inventory systems
product cost
available to promise
periodic order quantity (POQ)
4. 1) Rapid technological change 2) Increasing importance of sustainability 3) Growing roles of national and corporate cultures
important trends influencing operations management and the emergence of business models
square root rule
demand during lead time
seasonality and cycles
5. Decision process in which managers predict demand and make operational plans accordingly
carrying (holding cost)
demand forecasting
load profile
Advantages of high inventory turnover
6. 1) item number 2) item description 3) Lead time to order and receive the item from a supplier or to produce it internally 4) Preferred order quantity (lot size) 5) Safety stock quantity 6) Other info (cost/process descriptions) 7) Quantity on hand 8)
types of costs that must be identified and quantified in aggregate planning
Impact of lot size restrictions on quantity discounts
transit inventory
items included in the inventory record
7. Maintenance - repair and operating supplies
cost of a unit stockout
Impact of lot size restrictions on quantity discounts
MRO inventory
forecast error
8. The entire time period covered by the MPS
periodic review model
the expense components of carrying cost
cycle stock
planning horizon
9. Process to develop tactical plans by integrating customer-focused marketing plans for new and existing products with the operational management of the supply chain
executive judgment (judgement-based)
Delphi method (judgement-based)
available to promise
sales and operations planning (S&OP)
10. Order costs are associated with replenishing inventories - while setup costs are associated with producing inventory internally. Both are often considered "fixed" regardless of batch size - although this is not strictly true.
infinite loading
postponable product
difference between order & setup costs
executive judgment (judgement-based)
11. Supply chain partner firms share invormation and insights in order to generate better forecasts and plans
MRO inventory
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
stockout
naive model (time-series - statistical)
12. inventory classification - info systems - accurate records
regression analysis
bullwhip effect
nervousness
Techniques used to manage inventory
13. Technique that seeks inputs from people who are in close contact with customers and products
nervousness
grassroots forecasting (judgement-based)
impact of raw material and compontent part stockouts
exponential smoothing (time-series - statistical)
14. Ratio between average inventory and the level of sales: = COGS/Average inventory@cost = Net sales/Average inventory@sales price = Unit sales/Average inventory in units
historical analogy (judgement-based)
naive model (time-series - statistical)
inventory turnover
total system inventory
15. An illustration of the pattern of ordering and inventory levels
independent demand inventory systems
setup cost
rolling planning horizons
saw-tooth diagram
16. 1) Identify users and decision-making processes that the forecast will support. Consider time horizon - level of detail - accuracy vs. cost - fit with existing business processes 2) Identify likely sources of good data 3) Select forecasting techni
Steps of designing a forecasting process
executive judgment (judgement-based)
time bucket
focused forecasting
17. A detailed description of an "end item" and al ist of all of its raw materials - parts and subassemblies
postponable product
shift or step change
cycle counting
bill of materials (BOM)
18. The amount of demand that occurs while awaiting receipt of an inventory replenishment order
demand during lead time
independent demand inventory systems
master production schedule (MPS)
uncertainty period
19. Replan each period (month or quarter) - for a given number of periods into the future
Moore's law
raw materials and components parts
two-bin system
rolling planning horizons
20. 1) Produce all units internally by hiring workers in high-demand monts and firing/laying off workers in low-demand months 2) Produce internally the quantity required to meet demand in the lowest-demand month and use overtime production to meet demand
dependent demand inventory systems
quantitative ABC analysis procedure
service level policy
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
21. Correlation of current demand values with past demand values
planning horizon
autocorrelation
time bucket
master production schedule (MPS)
22. Management systems used when the demand for an item is derived from the demand for some other item
setup cost
periodic order quantity (POQ)
dependent demand inventory systems
lot-for-lot (L4L)
23. An order for the same amount each time
fixed order quantity (FOQ)
work in process inventory
Impact of lot size restrictions on quantity discounts
ABC analysis
24. The determination of how many additional units are needed
dependent demand
requirements explosion
judgement-based forecasting
aggregate production plan
25. Expenses incurred in placing receiving orders from suppliers - including order preparation - transmittal - receiving - and A/P processing
order cost
historical analogy (judgement-based)
impact of raw material and compontent part stockouts
work in process inventory
26. The sum of the inventory held across all of the locations in a company
periodic review model
important trends influencing operations management and the emergence of business models
judgement-based forecasting
total system inventory
27. Forecasting model that computes a forecast ast he average of demands over a number of immediate past periods
Cost of being overstocked by one unit
moving average (time-series - statistical)
business model
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
28. Simple forecasting approach that assumes that recent history is a good predictor of the near future
focused forecasting
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
naive model (time-series - statistical)
Moore's law
29. An estimation of the availability of the critical resources needed to support the MPS
ways to improve demand planning
autocorrelation
rought-cut capacity planning
basic questions to answer when planning inventories
30. inconsistencies in the plan causes by changes to the MPS
nervousness
postponable product
raw materials and components parts
the roles of inventory
31. 1) Improved forecast accuracy 2) Higher customer service with lower finished goods inventory levels due to better forecasts and coordination fo supply with demand 3) More stable supply rates -> Higher productivity for purchasing - suppliers and oper
Outputs of materials requirements planning (MRP)
Hard benefits of S&OP
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
single period inventory model
32. The amount of an item that is planned to be ordered in a period
options to accomplish the objective of a chase plan
single period inventory model
time series and analysis methods
planned order release
33. Production rate is changed in each period to match the amount of expected demand
chase strategy (aggregate production strategy)
collaborative planning - forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
inventory turnover
autocorrelation
34. How much should be ordered and when?
marketing research (judgement-based)
basic questions to answer when planning inventories
Pareto's law
important trends influencing operations management and the emergence of business models
35. An order for the exact amount needed
Soft benefits of S&OP
lot-for-lot (L4L)
grassroots forecasting (judgement-based)
shift or step change
36. Small disturbance generated by a customer produces sucessively larger disturbances at each upstream stage in the supply chain
bullwhip effect
cumulative lead time
part number
postponable product
37. A planning system used to ensure the right quantities of materials are available when needed
weighted moving average (time-series - statistical)
planned order release
materials requirements planning (MRP)
two-bin system
38. Supply of items held by a firm to meet demand
order cost
Advantages of high inventory turnover
inventory
total system inventory
39. Process that adjusts prices as demand for a service occurs (or does not occur)
stable pattern
simulation models
inventory turnover
yield management
40. Proactive approach in which managers attempt to influence either the pattern or consistency of demand
focused forecasting
life cycle waste assessment matrix (LCWAM)
demand management
steps to determine order quantity when quantity discounts are available
41. Demand that is created by customers
independet demand
cost of a unit stockout
product cost
difference between order & setup costs
42. Consistent horizontal stream of demands
historical analogy (judgement-based)
stable pattern
Wastes produced throughout the five product life cycle stages
aggregate production plan
43. File that contains detailed inventory and procurement records
inventory status file
seasonality and cycles
inventory
raw materials and components parts
44. Sophisticated mathematical programs that offer forecasters the ability to evaluate different business scenarios that might yield different demand outcomes
simulation models
setup cost
the roles of inventory
lot-for-lot (L4L)
45. Items bought from suppliers to use in the production of a product
raw materials and components parts
net requriements
collaborative activities in CPFR
Moore's law
46. Cycle stocks - safety stocks - managing locations - implementing inventory models
Managerial approaches to reducing inventory costs
historical analogy (judgement-based)
economic order quantity (EOQ)
assumptions underlying the EOQ formulation
47. The firm produces at a constant rate over the year
level production strategy (aggregate production strategy)
seasonality and cycles
demand forecasting
Managerial approaches to reducing inventory costs
48. Model used to determine the order size for a one-time purchase
Disadvantages when inventory turnover is too high
cost of a unit stockout
single period inventory model
economic order quantity (EOQ)
49. Forecasting technique that bases forecastis on the purchasing patterns and attitutdes of current or potential customers
shift or step change
marketing research (judgement-based)
economic order quantity (EOQ)
cumulative lead time
50. Inventory is both an asset and a cost that impacts profitability. Inventory represents ~30% of a company's assets - and it must be purchased with debt or investment. Keeping inventory low keeps investment/debt low and keeps cash free to be used of o
Wastes produced throughout the five product life cycle stages
inefficiencies caused by unpredictably fluctuating customer demand
Hard benefits of S&OP
the financial impact of inventory