Test your basic knowledge |

Transportation Logistics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which type of railroad cargo has the highest tonnage share in the US?
Terminal
Far east to east coast or Europe to west coast - final destination is US port city
About 25 cents per dollar
Coal

2. What is the rationale behind passing a federal act in 1956 to create a national system of interstate highways?
Air
To promote interstate commerce and strengthen the defenses of the country
Water
An agreement whereby one railroad pays a second carrier to transport its freight using the second carrier's crew and power equipment

3. Name the types of trucking terminals
Connect buyer and seller- Use of outside firms (outsourcing) to provide own logistics support. Firms: Info-based... freight bill payment - auditing. Asset and operation-based: in/outbound transportation - warehousing...
Break bulk - Relay - Pick up - Delivery
Covering variable costs - volume and equipment utilization - and cash flow.
Substantially higher

4. What are the characteristics of a block train?
The development of the highway system - Limited access points - Long transit times - Safety of cargo during transit
Priority service schedule - often empty backhaul - often cars owned by the shipper - and direct movement from origin to destination
Moderate
A pumping station

5. What are the generally accepted classifications of railroads?
Slip-Seating - Bob-Tailing - Hub-And-Spoke System - Drop-and-Hook
Alcoholism in the workplace - Challenges of implementing new technology - Need to increase customer service - Challenges of growing intermodal service
Class 1 - Regional - Shortline - Switching and Terminal
Accessibility - Speed - Universal Connector - Reliability - Frequency - Lower Loss and Damage Rates - Lower Inventory levels due to smaller shipments than other modes

6. What are the current trends in trucking?
Transfer of function to another country - can stay within the same company!
Increased use of technology - Shorter length of haul - Growth of intermodal - Expected increase in rates due to expected capacity shortage - Convergence of LTL market with traditional integrators - Expanded menu of services - Active government lobbyi
Covered Hopper
Consolidation

7. Private Carrier
Wyoming
A trucking operation that only hauls freight for the firm which owns it
About 2 cents per dollar
Move 1 single commodity and are non-stop to destination.

8. Funding the railroads?
Not the government - the railroads themselves
Water
Pricing according to product value or demand - higher value of the product - the higher the transportation price (risk of loss/damage..). Third Degree price discrimination: separate price for separate groups of buyers with same service. Must posses
Used for tax - manning - and relaxed regulation.

9. Which mode has the lowest cost per ton mile?
Maximize the operational time of equipment - fuel efficient speeds - vahicle weight should be minimized - standardized equipment - equipment should be adapted to special market and commodity requirements.
Over reliance on costs - slow reaction to market changes - ignoring marketing mix - prices not tailored to services and markets - need to price according to strategic plan.
Less than 25 carriers handle 75 to 80% of total freight dollar.
Water (Barge Ships) at 0.72 per ton mile. The second lowest is Rail at 2.24 cents per ton mile.

10. What is the difference between TOFC and COFC service?
90-s
Reduced highway congestion - damage and pollution as a result of replacing trucks as an alternative
Coal
One method moves the trailer on its wheels while the other moves the container

11. What must be used in intervals when transporting pulverized coal mixed with water at long distances?
To promote interstate commerce and strengthen the defenses of the country
100 cars x 100 tons
A pumping station
Attests to authenticity and accuracy of the goods. Performs by third party independent company

12. Third Party Logistics
The closer the operating ratio is to 100 - the more indicative of the possible need to raise rates to increase total revenues
Containers moving between Far East & Europe via ship - rail - ship instead of all water through Panama Canal - Use continent U.S. as bridge (move by train) - Save Transit time - fuel - & Liner ship investment
BNSF - CSX Transportation - Kansas City Southern Railway - Grand Truck Corporation - Norfolk Southern - Union Pacific Railroad - Soo Line Railroad
Connect buyer and seller- Use of outside firms (outsourcing) to provide own logistics support. Firms: Info-based... freight bill payment - auditing. Asset and operation-based: in/outbound transportation - warehousing...

13. Certificate of origin
Declaration of where product was made so that appropriate duties are charged
Special Rates
90-s
A trucking operation that only hauls freight for the firm which owns it

14. Government is involved in which aspects of the railroad business?
Use of low-sulfur diesel fuel - Use of biodiesel fuel - Cutting down on idling - Reducing traffic congestion
Break bulk - Container service - LASH service (lighter aboard ship) - RORO service (roll on/off ship).
Safety regulations - Evaluating fairness of disputed charged rates - Monitoring profitability of railroads - and Mergers and acquisitions
Continuous straight line movement - minimize intermediate handlings - maximize the full capacity of equipment - consolidation and break-bulk activities - empty mileage should be minimized - movement should be scheduled and dispatched.

15. What aspects of the trucking industry is the US involved in?
Truck safety requirements - Driver hours of service - User fee charges - Reduction of pollution from trucks
Sysco - Tyson Foods - Coca-Cola - and Walmart
563
11 hours straight or anything beyond 70 hours in 8 days

16. The status of competition within the US railroad industry?
Truck safety requirements - Driver hours of service - User fee charges - Reduction of pollution from trucks
Coal
Moderate
Fixed Costs: 30% - Semi-Variable Costs: 40% - Variable Costs: Labor and Gas

17. The average annual salary of a locomotive operator compared to a TL driver in the US is...
Substantially higher
100 tons
A batching pig
Consolidate orders for several customers and stop along the way for partial unloading.

18. Which government agency will investigate a major railroad accident involving public safety?
NTSB
Fixed Costs: 30% - Semi-Variable Costs: 40% - Variable Costs: Labor and Gas
Discounts: reduction from published price. Volume: TL vs LTL - Seasonal - Cash 2/10 net 30 - Geographical- FOB origin/destination - Uniform delivered pricing: zone pricing.
Line-Haul Vehicles: Tractor Trailer combination of 3 or more axles - City Straight Vehicles: Single Units - Special Vehicles: Dry Van - Open Top - Flatbed - Tank Trailer - Special

19. Which mode has the highest carrying capacity?
Coastal/Intercoastal - Great Lakes - Internal
Water
Air carrier: highest at 80.4% - Truck: 26.6% - Rail:2.24% - Barge Ship: .72% - Oil Pipeline: 1.47%
Interior Non-port cities

20. What is the current share of trucking in total transportation expenses is closest to...
40% each to trade partners & 20% to 3rd world country to develop 3rd world ocean shipping industry - it happened to be inefficient.
83.8%
Increased use of technology - Shorter length of haul - Growth of intermodal - Expected increase in rates due to expected capacity shortage - Convergence of LTL market with traditional integrators - Expanded menu of services - Active government lobbyi
Completely different continent - different time zones.

21. What is the trend for the miles of road over the past 50 years in the US railroad industry?
Showed a marked decline
Move 1 single commodity and are non-stop to destination.
Economies of scale
Cargo can fit in an enclosed van trailer - Food - consumer staples - manufactured goods

22. Three kinds of ocean carriers
Motor: HH Goods - Heavy Machinery - Petroleum Products - Dump Trucking - Ag Commodities - Motor Vehicles - Retail Store Delivery
Line-Haul Vehicles: Tractor Trailer combination of 3 or more axles - City Straight Vehicles: Single Units - Special Vehicles: Dry Van - Open Top - Flatbed - Tank Trailer - Special
To save the railroads by giving them a chance to compete with other modes on equal footing
Liner Shipping- ply fixed routes on published schedule - Tramp Shipping- charter ships - lease based on time or voyage - Private Vessels- ship registry; flags of convenience for regulations.

23. What commodity/goods are typically transported by railroads in the US?
Coal - farm products - chemicals - transportation equipment
11 hours straight or anything beyond 70 hours in 8 days
Moving to neighboring country - NAFTA - because the places may have close cultural affinity.
The number of unions and the degree of their involvement in operations and labor management contributes to inefficiencies of the railroads

24. What are the service and public benefits of the railroad industry?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

25. Consular Invoice

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

26. Dock receipt
Truck safety requirements - Driver hours of service - User fee charges - Reduction of pollution from trucks
Transfers accountability between domestic and international carrier at the terminal
Alcoholism in the workplace - Challenges of implementing new technology - Need to increase customer service - Challenges of growing intermodal service
Consolidation

27. What are the issues facing the US railroads?
Connect buyer and seller- Use of outside firms (outsourcing) to provide own logistics support. Firms: Info-based... freight bill payment - auditing. Asset and operation-based: in/outbound transportation - warehousing...
Alcoholism in the workplace - Challenges of implementing new technology - Need to increase customer service - Challenges of growing intermodal service
The development of the highway system - Limited access points - Long transit times - Safety of cargo during transit
Main penalty is the cost of lost of sales by holding the shipment.

28. Skimming pricing
High price for price insensitive customers.
After World War 2
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
Showed a marked decline

29. Invoices
Is likely to stay and even get worse in the future
Commercial Invoice - Pro-Forma Invoice - Consular Invoice
80 - 000 lbs
anywhere between a quarter and a third of all highway travel

30. Freight revenue for Modes (per ton-mile)
1500 tons
Air carrier: highest at 80.4% - Truck: 26.6% - Rail:2.24% - Barge Ship: .72% - Oil Pipeline: 1.47%
Containers moving between Far East & Europe via ship - rail - ship instead of all water through Panama Canal - Use continent U.S. as bridge (move by train) - Save Transit time - fuel - & Liner ship investment
Free on Board- Origin (seller pays shipping costs); Destination (Buyer pays).

31. What could be the rationale for railroad mergers?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

32. How to assess the operating ratio?
NTSB
Act as a consolidator and domestic freight forwarder - inbound/outbound container arrangement
15
The closer the operating ratio is to 100 - the more indicative of the possible need to raise rates to increase total revenues

33. What are the major causes of general traffic congestions?
1. Setting prices on new services- consider cost and market elasticity; no precedent 2. Modification of prices over time- respond to market/operating/service changes 3. Initiating and responding to price changes- impact on market share and profits.
Few carriers handle more than 25% of total shipment - service disruptions problems if cease operation.
Over reliance on costs - slow reaction to market changes - ignoring marketing mix - prices not tailored to services and markets - need to price according to strategic plan.
Bottlenecks - Traffic accidents - Major snowfalls - Projects to improve existing highways

34. What companies are players in private carriage?
Not an invoice but a quote. must be carefully written to avoid discrepancies w/ L of C
Moving a corporations internal activities to outside providers - mainly for cheap labor
Amenities/Accommodations - Direct flights to destination without layovers - More personal space in flight - In flight service personnel - No frills types of service (no perks)
Sysco - Tyson Foods - Coca-Cola - and Walmart

35. What were the reasons for the erosion of the railroad dominance in transportation in the US?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

36. What terms describe a type of operation in trucking?
The use of two or more modes to move a shipment from origin to destination. -Malcom McLean first move freight by truck and rail in 1950.
Service levels - Frequent flyer programs - Timing of flights - In advance registration
Attests to authenticity and accuracy of the goods. Performs by third party independent company
Slip-Seating - Bob-Tailing - Hub-And-Spoke System - Drop-and-Hook

37. In terms of tonnage moved by the whole US transportation - the share of railroads is close to this rounded number...
15%~13%
Pipeline and Rail
Sysco - Tyson Foods - Coca-Cola - and Walmart
Specialized: $73 Billion - General: $146 Billion

38. Factors affecting Pricing decisions
Market Forces (customers) - Governmental Controls - Other channel member - Competition.
100 tons
A longer combination vehicle towing more than one trailer
Over reliance on costs - slow reaction to market changes - ignoring marketing mix - prices not tailored to services and markets - need to price according to strategic plan.

39. Major commodities hauled by each mode
Consolidation of shipments to different destinations within the same general area.
Motor: HH Goods - Heavy Machinery - Petroleum Products - Dump Trucking - Ag Commodities - Motor Vehicles - Retail Store Delivery
Yes
Odd numbers: North to South highways - increase from west to east - Even numbers: East to West highways - increase from south to north

40. A barge tow is capable of moving how many barges?
Completely different continent - different time zones.
Main penalty is the cost of lost of sales by holding the shipment.
Covering variable costs - volume and equipment utilization - and cash flow.
15

41. Did the US railroads have anything to do with the creation of world time zones?
Market Forces (customers) - Governmental Controls - Other channel member - Competition.
Boxcar - Hopper Car - Covered Hopper - Flatcar - Gondola - Tank Car
Terminal
Yes

42. What are the highest variable costs in the railroad industry?
Economies of scale
Cargo can fit in an enclosed van trailer - Food - consumer staples - manufactured goods
Labor and Fuel
7%

43. Which US federal government agency enforces safety regulations for railroads?
Amenities/Accommodations - Direct flights to destination without layovers - More personal space in flight - In flight service personnel - No frills types of service (no perks)
Containers moving between Far East & Europe via ship - rail - ship instead of all water through Panama Canal - Use continent U.S. as bridge (move by train) - Save Transit time - fuel - & Liner ship investment
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
A trucking operation that only hauls freight for the firm which owns it

44. Value of Service pricing
Highway user taxes
Not the government - the railroads themselves
Pricing according to product value or demand - higher value of the product - the higher the transportation price (risk of loss/damage..). Third Degree price discrimination: separate price for separate groups of buyers with same service. Must posses
Substantially higher

45. Carrier's Operational strategies to minimize cost
Free on Board- Origin (seller pays shipping costs); Destination (Buyer pays).
Declaration of where product was made so that appropriate duties are charged
Use of low-sulfur diesel fuel - Use of biodiesel fuel - Cutting down on idling - Reducing traffic congestion
Continuous straight line movement - minimize intermediate handlings - maximize the full capacity of equipment - consolidation and break-bulk activities - empty mileage should be minimized - movement should be scheduled and dispatched.

46. Pricing adjustment conditions
Market Forces (customers) - Governmental Controls - Other channel member - Competition.
Terminal
Discounts: reduction from published price. Volume: TL vs LTL - Seasonal - Cash 2/10 net 30 - Geographical- FOB origin/destination - Uniform delivered pricing: zone pricing.
Increased use of technology - Shorter length of haul - Growth of intermodal - Expected increase in rates due to expected capacity shortage - Convergence of LTL market with traditional integrators - Expanded menu of services - Active government lobbyi

47. Drayage
The pickup and delivery of trailers and containers in conjunction with a line-haul rail movement
Economies of scale
Sysco - Tyson Foods - Coca-Cola - and Walmart
Maximize the utilization of equipment - increase the efficiency of equipment operations - save transit time and operational costs.

48. Where does funding for the roads come from?
Large carrying capacity - versatility of cargo - reduced pollution due to higher fuel efficiency compared to trucking - coast-to-coast 'land bridge' with shorter total transit sea+land times for prevailing import container routes
Crushed stone - gravel and sand
Highway user taxes
A longer combination vehicle towing more than one trailer

49. What is a public benefit of railroads?
Society and customer first.
Special Rates
Reduced highway congestion - damage and pollution as a result of replacing trucks as an alternative
Bottlenecks - Traffic accidents - Major snowfalls - Projects to improve existing highways

50. Intermodal Transportation
The use of two or more modes to move a shipment from origin to destination. -Malcom McLean first move freight by truck and rail in 1950.
100 cars x 100 tons
Break bulk - Container service - LASH service (lighter aboard ship) - RORO service (roll on/off ship).
Class 1 - Regional - Shortline - Switching and Terminal