Test your basic knowledge |

Transportation Logistics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Pooling
After World War 2
15%~13%
Safety regulations - Evaluating fairness of disputed charged rates - Monitoring profitability of railroads - and Mergers and acquisitions
Consolidation of shipments to different destinations within the same general area.

2. Drayage
With both - there are intermediary stops in between a route that serve as loading/consolidating or unloading of passengers/goods and then they are moved on to their final destinations.
The pickup and delivery of trailers and containers in conjunction with a line-haul rail movement
Cash in advance - Letter of Credit - Documentary collection - Open account - TradeCard
Terminal

3. The problem of driver shortage in the US...
Is likely to stay and even get worse in the future
Use of low-sulfur diesel fuel - Use of biodiesel fuel - Cutting down on idling - Reducing traffic congestion
Large carrying capacity - versatility of cargo - reduced pollution due to higher fuel efficiency compared to trucking - coast-to-coast 'land bridge' with shorter total transit sea+land times for prevailing import container routes
Moving a corporations internal activities to outside providers - mainly for cheap labor

4. Skimming pricing
ton-miles
A longer combination vehicle towing more than one trailer
High price for price insensitive customers.
Amtrak is a US government business since 1971 - created to ease the burden on private railroads by taking over money-locing passenger transportation in exchange for the right to operate Amtrak trains over their networks

5. Which Mode of Transportation has the highest volume in tonnage?
Coastal/Intercoastal - Great Lakes - Internal
Motor/Truck - around 69-70% - Revenue % for Rail: 5.6%
A longer combination vehicle towing more than one trailer
Not the government - the railroads themselves

6. What is the primary railroad cargo out of Arkansas by tonnage?
Crushed stone - gravel and sand
58
Odd numbers: North to South highways - increase from west to east - Even numbers: East to West highways - increase from south to north
Special Rates

7. Non-vessel operating common carriers (NVOCC)
Act as a consolidator and domestic freight forwarder - inbound/outbound container arrangement
7
An agreement whereby one railroad pays a second carrier to transport its freight using the second carrier's crew and power equipment
Transfer of function to another country - can stay within the same company!

8. What is the empirical formula of the typical coal unit train in the US?
Amenities/Accommodations - Direct flights to destination without layovers - More personal space in flight - In flight service personnel - No frills types of service (no perks)
Reduced highway congestion - damage and pollution as a result of replacing trucks as an alternative
100 cars x 100 tons
Showed a marked decline

9. _____ mode is ideal for moving electronics - expensive items - flowers - or time sensitive materials such as organs
83.8%
The intermodal competition has increased dramatically since WW 2
Coastal/Intercoastal - Great Lakes - Internal
Air

10. What are the metrics to measure freight traffic in the motor carrier industry?
Act as a consolidator and domestic freight forwarder - inbound/outbound container arrangement
ton-miles
Containers moving between Far East & Europe via ship - rail - ship instead of all water through Panama Canal - Use continent U.S. as bridge (move by train) - Save Transit time - fuel - & Liner ship investment
Break bulk - Relay - Pick up - Delivery

11. Funding the railroads?
Not the government - the railroads themselves
Consolidation of shipments to different destinations within the same general area.
Economies of scope and density
Connect buyer and seller- Use of outside firms (outsourcing) to provide own logistics support. Firms: Info-based... freight bill payment - auditing. Asset and operation-based: in/outbound transportation - warehousing...

12. Certificate of Inspection
Break Bulk - Pickup and Delivery - Line Haul - Slip-Seating
Attests to authenticity and accuracy of the goods. Performs by third party independent company
Act as a consolidator and domestic freight forwarder - inbound/outbound container arrangement
An agreement whereby one railroad pays another for the right to operate its trains over the second carrier's track

13. What are the issues facing the US railroads?
1. Setting prices on new services- consider cost and market elasticity; no precedent 2. Modification of prices over time- respond to market/operating/service changes 3. Initiating and responding to price changes- impact on market share and profits.
Large carrying capacity - versatility of cargo - reduced pollution due to higher fuel efficiency compared to trucking - coast-to-coast 'land bridge' with shorter total transit sea+land times for prevailing import container routes
A trucking operation that only hauls freight for the firm which owns it
Alcoholism in the workplace - Challenges of implementing new technology - Need to increase customer service - Challenges of growing intermodal service

14. What were the reasons for the erosion of the railroad dominance in transportation in the US?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

15. How many Class 1 freight railroads are there?
The intermodal competition has increased dramatically since WW 2
Break Bulk - Pickup and Delivery - Line Haul - Slip-Seating
Declaration of where product was made so that appropriate duties are charged
7

16. Benefits of hub and spoke system
Cargo can fit in an enclosed van trailer - Food - consumer staples - manufactured goods
LTL vs TL - Local vs Intercity Carriers - Publicly owned vs Privately owned - Specialized vs general freight
Maximize the utilization of equipment - increase the efficiency of equipment operations - save transit time and operational costs.
Move 1 single commodity and are non-stop to destination.

17. Who has the highest number of coal carloads?
A batching pig
Special Rates
Wyoming
Fixed Costs: 30% - Semi-Variable Costs: 40% - Variable Costs: Labor and Gas

18. Which US federal government agency enforces safety regulations for railroads?
ton-miles
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
High price for price insensitive customers.
Consolidate orders for several customers and stop along the way for partial unloading.

19. What is the truck driving time limitations?
The intermodal competition has increased dramatically since WW 2
A longer combination vehicle towing more than one trailer
The pickup and delivery of trailers and containers in conjunction with a line-haul rail movement
11 hours straight or anything beyond 70 hours in 8 days

20. What term is related to railroad operations?
Motor/Truck - around 69-70% - Revenue % for Rail: 5.6%
Used for tax - manning - and relaxed regulation.
Switching - Piggybacking - Double-Stacking - Car-Loading - Trackage - Haulage - Drayage - Demurrage
Expanding capacity to benefit from large volume traffic efficiencies and economies of scale - Strengthening financial position and eliminating duplication through side-by-side mergers - Ensuring fair intramodal competition through 'soft' mergers - St

21. Class Rate Calculations
Provides rate for any commodity between any two points 1) Geogrphic: rate basis points and numbers 2) Commodity: commodity classification - class ratings 3) Rate structure: national scale of rates - cwt-based.
Is likely to stay and even get worse in the future
Economies of scope and density
Water (Barge Ships) at 0.72 per ton mile. The second lowest is Rail at 2.24 cents per ton mile.

22. The current share of railroads in total transportation expenses is closest to...
Truck safety requirements - Driver hours of service - User fee charges - Reduction of pollution from trucks
Fixed Costs: 30% - Semi-Variable Costs: 40% - Variable Costs: Labor and Gas
7%
Less than 25 carriers handle 75 to 80% of total freight dollar.

23. Cost of Service Pricing
Far east to east coast or Europe to west coast - final destination is US port city
Sysco - Tyson Foods - Coca-Cola - and Walmart
Pricing according to cost incurred to serve - Customer covers all costs - seller sets prices to maximize profits.
Attests to authenticity and accuracy of the goods. Performs by third party independent company

24. Flags of Convenience
Used for tax - manning - and relaxed regulation.
484
Covered Hopper
1. Setting prices on new services- consider cost and market elasticity; no precedent 2. Modification of prices over time- respond to market/operating/service changes 3. Initiating and responding to price changes- impact on market share and profits.

25. The status of competition within the US railroad industry?
Few carriers handle more than 25% of total shipment - service disruptions problems if cease operation.
Moderate
Wyoming
15

26. What are the types of railcars?
Boxcar - Hopper Car - Covered Hopper - Flatcar - Gondola - Tank Car
The competition is intense in both TL and LTL segments
563
Commercial Invoice - Pro-Forma Invoice - Consular Invoice

27. What commodity/goods are typically transported by railroads in the US?
Coal - farm products - chemicals - transportation equipment
Water
Main penalty is the cost of lost of sales by holding the shipment.
Line-Haul Vehicles: Tractor Trailer combination of 3 or more axles - City Straight Vehicles: Single Units - Special Vehicles: Dry Van - Open Top - Flatbed - Tank Trailer - Special

28. Consular Invoice

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

29. What do the users of truck service benefit?
Cargo can fit in an enclosed van trailer - Food - consumer staples - manufactured goods
Intermodal in character
Accessibility - Speed - Universal Connector - Reliability - Frequency - Lower Loss and Damage Rates - Lower Inventory levels due to smaller shipments than other modes
The trends in supply chain management called for faster and more frequent services and smaller inventories - so many shippers preferred trucks - - The newly built system of inland waterways swayed cost-conscious shippers to less expensive barge tran

30. What are the highest variable costs in the railroad industry?
Coal - farm products - chemicals - transportation equipment
Labor and Fuel
Attests to authenticity and accuracy of the goods. Performs by third party independent company
Free on Board- Origin (seller pays shipping costs); Destination (Buyer pays).

31. How does the US railroad industry compete with other modes?
anywhere between a quarter and a third of all highway travel
Break Bulk - Pickup and Delivery - Line Haul - Slip-Seating
High price for price insensitive customers.
The intermodal competition has increased dramatically since WW 2

32. Name the 3 types of water carriers
Truck safety requirements - Driver hours of service - User fee charges - Reduction of pollution from trucks
FedEx - YRC - Conway - UPS - ABF
Coastal/Intercoastal - Great Lakes - Internal
anywhere between a quarter and a third of all highway travel

33. What is the trend for the miles of road over the past 50 years in the US railroad industry?
Seller asks buyer for l/c - buyer asks its bank to issue l/c - after approving buyer's credit line - buyer's bank notifies seller's bank it has issued l/c - seller's bank either adds confirmation or simply advises seller that l/c has been issued
The closer the operating ratio is to 100 - the more indicative of the possible need to raise rates to increase total revenues
484
Showed a marked decline

34. Four types of Liner Service
The intermodal competition has increased dramatically since WW 2
About 2 cents per dollar
LTL vs TL - Local vs Intercity Carriers - Publicly owned vs Privately owned - Specialized vs general freight
Break bulk - Container service - LASH service (lighter aboard ship) - RORO service (roll on/off ship).

35. The average annual salary of a locomotive operator compared to a TL driver in the US is...
100 tons
Accessibility - Speed - Universal Connector - Reliability - Frequency - Lower Loss and Damage Rates - Lower Inventory levels due to smaller shipments than other modes
Air
Substantially higher

36. Land Bridge
Switching - Piggybacking - Double-Stacking - Car-Loading - Trackage - Haulage - Drayage - Demurrage
Free on Board- Origin (seller pays shipping costs); Destination (Buyer pays).
Containers moving between Far East & Europe via ship - rail - ship instead of all water through Panama Canal - Use continent U.S. as bridge (move by train) - Save Transit time - fuel - & Liner ship investment
Highway user taxes

37. Offshoring
Transfer of function to another country - can stay within the same company!
Economies of scale
Few carriers handle more than 25% of total shipment - service disruptions problems if cease operation.
Alcoholism in the workplace - Challenges of implementing new technology - Need to increase customer service - Challenges of growing intermodal service

38. What was the rationale behind passing the Staggers Act of 1980?
Pipeline and Rail
To save the railroads by giving them a chance to compete with other modes on equal footing
Coal
The development of the highway system - Limited access points - Long transit times - Safety of cargo during transit

39. Social Responsibility pricing
anywhere between a quarter and a third of all highway travel
Society and customer first.
Containers moving between Far East & Europe via ship - rail - ship instead of all water through Panama Canal - Use continent U.S. as bridge (move by train) - Save Transit time - fuel - & Liner ship investment
Water (Barge Ships) at 0.72 per ton mile. The second lowest is Rail at 2.24 cents per ton mile.

40. Government is involved in which aspects of the railroad business?
The trends in supply chain management called for faster and more frequent services and smaller inventories - so many shippers preferred trucks - - The newly built system of inland waterways swayed cost-conscious shippers to less expensive barge tran
Used for tax - manning - and relaxed regulation.
anywhere between a quarter and a third of all highway travel
Safety regulations - Evaluating fairness of disputed charged rates - Monitoring profitability of railroads - and Mergers and acquisitions

41. What is a typical fixed cost item in the motor carrier industry?
Consolidate orders for several customers and stop along the way for partial unloading.
Line-Haul Vehicles: Tractor Trailer combination of 3 or more axles - City Straight Vehicles: Single Units - Special Vehicles: Dry Van - Open Top - Flatbed - Tank Trailer - Special
Consolidation
Terminal

42. Value of Service pricing
Break bulk - Relay - Pick up - Delivery
Pricing according to product value or demand - higher value of the product - the higher the transportation price (risk of loss/damage..). Third Degree price discrimination: separate price for separate groups of buyers with same service. Must posses
Seller asks buyer for l/c - buyer asks its bank to issue l/c - after approving buyer's credit line - buyer's bank notifies seller's bank it has issued l/c - seller's bank either adds confirmation or simply advises seller that l/c has been issued
Main penalty is the cost of lost of sales by holding the shipment.

43. Certificate of origin
58
Declaration of where product was made so that appropriate duties are charged
Coal
Water

44. Service competition areas in airline industry
Crushed stone - gravel and sand
Amenities/Accommodations - Direct flights to destination without layovers - More personal space in flight - In flight service personnel - No frills types of service (no perks)
High price for price insensitive customers.
Pipeline and Rail

45. Name the types of trucking terminals
Break bulk - Relay - Pick up - Delivery
FedEx - YRC - Conway - UPS - ABF
The development of the highway system - Limited access points - Long transit times - Safety of cargo during transit
Pricing according to product value or demand - higher value of the product - the higher the transportation price (risk of loss/damage..). Third Degree price discrimination: separate price for separate groups of buyers with same service. Must posses

46. Three kinds of ocean carriers
(Trucking) Class 1: income > $10M - Class 2: $3M<income<$10M
Safety regulations - Evaluating fairness of disputed charged rates - Monitoring profitability of railroads - and Mergers and acquisitions
Liner Shipping- ply fixed routes on published schedule - Tramp Shipping- charter ships - lease based on time or voyage - Private Vessels- ship registry; flags of convenience for regulations.
The development of the highway system - Limited access points - Long transit times - Safety of cargo during transit

47. On the average - per gallon of fuel - US railroads move a ton of freight...
The competition is intense in both TL and LTL segments
NTSB
Commercial Invoice - Pro-Forma Invoice - Consular Invoice
484

48. What is the approximate number of railroads in the US?
563
Expanding capacity to benefit from large volume traffic efficiencies and economies of scale - Strengthening financial position and eliminating duplication through side-by-side mergers - Ensuring fair intramodal competition through 'soft' mergers - St
Seller asks buyer for l/c - buyer asks its bank to issue l/c - after approving buyer's credit line - buyer's bank notifies seller's bank it has issued l/c - seller's bank either adds confirmation or simply advises seller that l/c has been issued
Carloads and Ton-miles

49. What is Amtrak?
One method moves the trailer on its wheels while the other moves the container
(Trucking) Class 1: income > $10M - Class 2: $3M<income<$10M
Consolidation
Amtrak is a US government business since 1971 - created to ease the burden on private railroads by taking over money-locing passenger transportation in exchange for the right to operate Amtrak trains over their networks

50. Stop-off
Consolidate orders for several customers and stop along the way for partial unloading.
Break Bulk - Pickup and Delivery - Line Haul - Slip-Seating
Interior Non-port cities
Cargo can fit in an enclosed van trailer - Food - consumer staples - manufactured goods