Test your basic knowledge |

Transportation Logistics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What could be the rationale for railroad mergers?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

2. Factors contributing to the decline of Railroad use
Coastal/Intercoastal - Great Lakes - Internal
1850-1950
The development of the highway system - Limited access points - Long transit times - Safety of cargo during transit
Terminal

3. Which type of railroad cargo has the highest tonnage share in the US?
Coal
The use of two or more modes to move a shipment from origin to destination. -Malcom McLean first move freight by truck and rail in 1950.
Break bulk - Relay - Pick up - Delivery
Reduced highway congestion - damage and pollution as a result of replacing trucks as an alternative

4. Unit trains
Consolidation of shipments to different destinations within the same general area.
Pricing according to cost incurred to serve - Customer covers all costs - seller sets prices to maximize profits.
Move 1 single commodity and are non-stop to destination.
Alcoholism in the workplace - Challenges of implementing new technology - Need to increase customer service - Challenges of growing intermodal service

5. Non-vessel operating common carriers (NVOCC)
Few carriers handle more than 25% of total shipment - service disruptions problems if cease operation.
The closer the operating ratio is to 100 - the more indicative of the possible need to raise rates to increase total revenues
Act as a consolidator and domestic freight forwarder - inbound/outbound container arrangement
Amtrak is a US government business since 1971 - created to ease the burden on private railroads by taking over money-locing passenger transportation in exchange for the right to operate Amtrak trains over their networks

6. Cost of Service Pricing
Pricing according to cost incurred to serve - Customer covers all costs - seller sets prices to maximize profits.
To promote interstate commerce and strengthen the defenses of the country
Containers moving between Far East & Europe via ship - rail - ship instead of all water through Panama Canal - Use continent U.S. as bridge (move by train) - Save Transit time - fuel - & Liner ship investment
Commercial Invoice - Pro-Forma Invoice - Consular Invoice

7. Factors affecting Pricing decisions
A trucking operation that only hauls freight for the firm which owns it
Pricing according to cost incurred to serve - Customer covers all costs - seller sets prices to maximize profits.
Market Forces (customers) - Governmental Controls - Other channel member - Competition.
Covered Hopper

8. What is the truck driving time limitations?
Priority service schedule - often empty backhaul - often cars owned by the shipper - and direct movement from origin to destination
Act as a consolidator and domestic freight forwarder - inbound/outbound container arrangement
11 hours straight or anything beyond 70 hours in 8 days
Increased use of technology - Gradual increase in the number of smaller railroads - Increase in intermodal shipments - Sharp growth in fuel efficiency of locomotives

9. What is a road train?
Coastal/Intercoastal - Great Lakes - Internal
BNSF - CSX Transportation - Kansas City Southern Railway - Grand Truck Corporation - Norfolk Southern - Union Pacific Railroad - Soo Line Railroad
A longer combination vehicle towing more than one trailer
Service levels - Frequent flyer programs - Timing of flights - In advance registration

10. Which US federal government agency enforces safety regulations for railroads?
Seller asks buyer for l/c - buyer asks its bank to issue l/c - after approving buyer's credit line - buyer's bank notifies seller's bank it has issued l/c - seller's bank either adds confirmation or simply advises seller that l/c has been issued
Fixed Costs: 30% - Semi-Variable Costs: 40% - Variable Costs: Labor and Gas
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
Accessibility - Speed - Universal Connector - Reliability - Frequency - Lower Loss and Damage Rates - Lower Inventory levels due to smaller shipments than other modes

11. Micro Bridge
Declaration of where product was made so that appropriate duties are charged
The number of unions and the degree of their involvement in operations and labor management contributes to inefficiencies of the railroads
Cargo can fit in an enclosed van trailer - Food - consumer staples - manufactured goods
Interior Non-port cities

12. Labor relations in the US railroad industry?
Pricing according to cost incurred to serve - Customer covers all costs - seller sets prices to maximize profits.
Crushed stone - gravel and sand
Transfer of function to another country - can stay within the same company!
The number of unions and the degree of their involvement in operations and labor management contributes to inefficiencies of the railroads

13. Where does funding for the roads come from?
Highway user taxes
1500 tons
Motor: HH Goods - Heavy Machinery - Petroleum Products - Dump Trucking - Ag Commodities - Motor Vehicles - Retail Store Delivery
Priority service schedule - often empty backhaul - often cars owned by the shipper - and direct movement from origin to destination

14. What must be used in intervals when transporting pulverized coal mixed with water at long distances?
Motor/Truck - around 69-70% - Revenue % for Rail: 5.6%
A pumping station
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
A batching pig

15. Four types of Liner Service
Break bulk - Container service - LASH service (lighter aboard ship) - RORO service (roll on/off ship).
Over reliance on costs - slow reaction to market changes - ignoring marketing mix - prices not tailored to services and markets - need to price according to strategic plan.
Less than 25 carriers handle 75 to 80% of total freight dollar.
Act as a consolidator and domestic freight forwarder - inbound/outbound container arrangement

16. Which economies are most prominent in the trucking industry?
1850-1950
Economies of scope and density
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
7

17. What are the highest variable costs in the railroad industry?
The number of unions and the degree of their involvement in operations and labor management contributes to inefficiencies of the railroads
(Trucking) Class 1: income > $10M - Class 2: $3M<income<$10M
Labor and Fuel
Economies of scale

18. 20/80 Rule
Less than 25 carriers handle 75 to 80% of total freight dollar.
Used for tax - manning - and relaxed regulation.
Consolidate orders for several customers and stop along the way for partial unloading.
Increased use of technology - Shorter length of haul - Growth of intermodal - Expected increase in rates due to expected capacity shortage - Convergence of LTL market with traditional integrators - Expanded menu of services - Active government lobbyi

19. What terms describe a type of operation in trucking?
One method moves the trailer on its wheels while the other moves the container
NTSB
Slip-Seating - Bob-Tailing - Hub-And-Spoke System - Drop-and-Hook
To promote interstate commerce and strengthen the defenses of the country

20. What are the two primary operational indicators in the railroad industry?
Move 1 single commodity and are non-stop to destination.
Carloads and Ton-miles
90-s
Increased use of technology - Gradual increase in the number of smaller railroads - Increase in intermodal shipments - Sharp growth in fuel efficiency of locomotives

21. On the average - per gallon of fuel - US railroads move a ton of freight...
484
Move 1 single commodity and are non-stop to destination.
BNSF - CSX Transportation - Kansas City Southern Railway - Grand Truck Corporation - Norfolk Southern - Union Pacific Railroad - Soo Line Railroad
Used for tax - manning - and relaxed regulation.

22. Outsourcing
High price for price insensitive customers.
Maximize the utilization of equipment - increase the efficiency of equipment operations - save transit time and operational costs.
Moving a corporations internal activities to outside providers - mainly for cheap labor
About 2 cents per dollar

23. Starting from which cargo weight and movement distance does it normally make sense to ship by rail?
Increased use of technology - Gradual increase in the number of smaller railroads - Increase in intermodal shipments - Sharp growth in fuel efficiency of locomotives
30 - 000 lbs and 300 miles
Not the government - the railroads themselves
Completely different continent - different time zones.

24. What term is related to railroad operations?
Switching - Piggybacking - Double-Stacking - Car-Loading - Trackage - Haulage - Drayage - Demurrage
100 tons
Boxcar - Hopper Car - Covered Hopper - Flatcar - Gondola - Tank Car
Increased use of technology - Gradual increase in the number of smaller railroads - Increase in intermodal shipments - Sharp growth in fuel efficiency of locomotives

25. Highway weight limitation
(Trucking) Class 1: income > $10M - Class 2: $3M<income<$10M
Increased use of technology - Shorter length of haul - Growth of intermodal - Expected increase in rates due to expected capacity shortage - Convergence of LTL market with traditional integrators - Expanded menu of services - Active government lobbyi
80 - 000 lbs
The pickup and delivery of trailers and containers in conjunction with a line-haul rail movement

26. The whole history of the US railroads is a history of...
Consolidation
15
A contract for transportation between a shipper and the carrier - also is a cargo receipt
Not the government - the railroads themselves

27. _____ mode is ideal for moving electronics - expensive items - flowers - or time sensitive materials such as organs
Amenities/Accommodations - Direct flights to destination without layovers - More personal space in flight - In flight service personnel - No frills types of service (no perks)
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
Air
563

28. What is an approximate capacity of a hopper?
Few carriers handle more than 25% of total shipment - service disruptions problems if cease operation.
After World War 2
100 tons
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)

29. Examples of general freight
Labor and Fuel
Cargo can fit in an enclosed van trailer - Food - consumer staples - manufactured goods
A trucking operation that only hauls freight for the firm which owns it
Boxcar - Hopper Car - Covered Hopper - Flatcar - Gondola - Tank Car

30. Terms of Payment
100 tons
The competition is intense in both TL and LTL segments
Special Rates
Cash in advance - Letter of Credit - Documentary collection - Open account - TradeCard

31. How to assess the operating ratio?
Water
anywhere between a quarter and a third of all highway travel
Line-Haul Vehicles: Tractor Trailer combination of 3 or more axles - City Straight Vehicles: Single Units - Special Vehicles: Dry Van - Open Top - Flatbed - Tank Trailer - Special
The closer the operating ratio is to 100 - the more indicative of the possible need to raise rates to increase total revenues

32. Mistakes in pricing strategy
To promote interstate commerce and strengthen the defenses of the country
Over reliance on costs - slow reaction to market changes - ignoring marketing mix - prices not tailored to services and markets - need to price according to strategic plan.
Covered Hopper
Pricing according to product value or demand - higher value of the product - the higher the transportation price (risk of loss/damage..). Third Degree price discrimination: separate price for separate groups of buyers with same service. Must posses

33. Core Carrier concept
Few carriers handle more than 25% of total shipment - service disruptions problems if cease operation.
Bottlenecks - Traffic accidents - Major snowfalls - Projects to improve existing highways
Wyoming
High price for price insensitive customers.

34. Trackage

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

35. Funding the railroads?
One method moves the trailer on its wheels while the other moves the container
Substantially higher
Containers moving between Far East & Europe via ship - rail - ship instead of all water through Panama Canal - Use continent U.S. as bridge (move by train) - Save Transit time - fuel - & Liner ship investment
Not the government - the railroads themselves

36. Which Mode of Transportation has the highest volume in tonnage?
A longer combination vehicle towing more than one trailer
Motor/Truck - around 69-70% - Revenue % for Rail: 5.6%
A pumping station
Amtrak is a US government business since 1971 - created to ease the burden on private railroads by taking over money-locing passenger transportation in exchange for the right to operate Amtrak trains over their networks

37. Price variation factors in airline service
Consolidate orders for several customers and stop along the way for partial unloading.
Pricing according to cost incurred to serve - Customer covers all costs - seller sets prices to maximize profits.
Use of low-sulfur diesel fuel - Use of biodiesel fuel - Cutting down on idling - Reducing traffic congestion
Service levels - Frequent flyer programs - Timing of flights - In advance registration

38. A pumping station requires 3-6000HP to move oil through a pipeline. To move more than 1 grade at same time what do you use?
A batching pig
Containers moving between Far East & Europe via ship - rail - ship instead of all water through Panama Canal - Use continent U.S. as bridge (move by train) - Save Transit time - fuel - & Liner ship investment
Break Bulk - Pickup and Delivery - Line Haul - Slip-Seating
Economies of scope and density

39. Did the US railroads have anything to do with the creation of world time zones?
15
(Trucking) Class 1: income > $10M - Class 2: $3M<income<$10M
Yes
Maximize the utilization of equipment - increase the efficiency of equipment operations - save transit time and operational costs.

40. What is the trend for the miles of road over the past 50 years in the US railroad industry?
Intermodal in character
Showed a marked decline
Market Forces (customers) - Governmental Controls - Other channel member - Competition.
Over reliance on costs - slow reaction to market changes - ignoring marketing mix - prices not tailored to services and markets - need to price according to strategic plan.

41. Who has the highest number of coal carloads?
30%
250 - 000
To save the railroads by giving them a chance to compete with other modes on equal footing
Wyoming

42. Survival Based pricing
Covering variable costs - volume and equipment utilization - and cash flow.
Odd numbers: North to South highways - increase from west to east - Even numbers: East to West highways - increase from south to north
With both - there are intermediary stops in between a route that serve as loading/consolidating or unloading of passengers/goods and then they are moved on to their final destinations.
Moving a corporations internal activities to outside providers - mainly for cheap labor

43. Which type of a railcar has the highest share in terms of its numbers in service in the US?
To save the railroads by giving them a chance to compete with other modes on equal footing
Coal
Covered Hopper
With both - there are intermediary stops in between a route that serve as loading/consolidating or unloading of passengers/goods and then they are moved on to their final destinations.

44. Which mode has the highest carrying capacity?
1500 tons
80 - 000 lbs
With both - there are intermediary stops in between a route that serve as loading/consolidating or unloading of passengers/goods and then they are moved on to their final destinations.
Water

45. The status of competition within the US railroad industry?
Moderate
Intermodal in character
Break bulk - Relay - Pick up - Delivery
Interior Non-port cities

46. The average annual salary of a locomotive operator compared to a TL driver in the US is...
One method moves the trailer on its wheels while the other moves the container
Substantially higher
The use of two or more modes to move a shipment from origin to destination. -Malcom McLean first move freight by truck and rail in 1950.
Moving to neighboring country - NAFTA - because the places may have close cultural affinity.

47. How many Class 1 freight railroads are there?
100 cars x 100 tons
563
7
Safety regulations - Evaluating fairness of disputed charged rates - Monitoring profitability of railroads - and Mergers and acquisitions

48. Although the Interstate Highway System accounts for about 1% of total public road mileage - it carries...
Continuous straight line movement - minimize intermediate handlings - maximize the full capacity of equipment - consolidation and break-bulk activities - empty mileage should be minimized - movement should be scheduled and dispatched.
1500 tons
The use of two or more modes to move a shipment from origin to destination. -Malcom McLean first move freight by truck and rail in 1950.
anywhere between a quarter and a third of all highway travel

49. Bill of Lading
Air carrier: highest at 80.4% - Truck: 26.6% - Rail:2.24% - Barge Ship: .72% - Oil Pipeline: 1.47%
Amtrak is a US government business since 1971 - created to ease the burden on private railroads by taking over money-locing passenger transportation in exchange for the right to operate Amtrak trains over their networks
A batching pig
A contract for transportation between a shipper and the carrier - also is a cargo receipt

50. Three kinds of ocean carriers
Labor and Fuel
Special Rates
Liner Shipping- ply fixed routes on published schedule - Tramp Shipping- charter ships - lease based on time or voyage - Private Vessels- ship registry; flags of convenience for regulations.
Seller asks buyer for l/c - buyer asks its bank to issue l/c - after approving buyer's credit line - buyer's bank notifies seller's bank it has issued l/c - seller's bank either adds confirmation or simply advises seller that l/c has been issued