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Test your basic knowledge |
Triz40 Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If 100 percent of an object is hard to achieve using a given solution method then - by using 'slightly less' or 'slightly more' of the same method - the problem may be considerably easier to solve.
Partial or excessive actions
Copying
Skipping
Feedback
2. Replace a mechanical means with a sensory (optical - acoustic - taste or smell) means. Use electric - magnetic and electromagnetic fields to interact with the object. Change from static to movable fields - from unstructured fields to those having str
Mechanics substitution
Strong oxidants
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Inert atmosphere
3. Replace an inexpensive object with a multiple of inexpensive objects - comprising certain qualities (such as service life - for instance).
Partial or excessive actions
Cheap short- living objects
Nested doll
Preliminary anti- action
4. Instead of an unavailable - expensive - fragile object - use simpler and inexpensive copies. Replace an object - or process with optical copies. If visible optical copies are already used - move to infrared or ultraviolet copies.
Flexible shells and thin films
Copying
Strong oxidants
Homogeneity
5. Invert the action(s) used to solve the problem (e.g. instead of cooling an object - heat it). Make movable parts (or the external environment) fixed - and fixed parts movable. Turn the object (or process) 'upside down'.
Taking out
Phase transitions
Universality
The other way round
6. Replace a normal environment with an inert one. Add neutral parts - or inert additives to an object.
Inert atmosphere
Continuity of useful action
Segmentation
Spheroidality - Curvature
7. Divide an object into independent parts. Make an object easy to disassemble. Increase the degree of fragmentation or segmentation.
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Segmentation
Cheap short- living objects
Self- service
8. Prepare emergency means beforehand to compensate for the relatively low reliability of an object.
Nested doll
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Beforehand cushioning
Merging
9. Use thermal expansion (or contraction) of materials. If thermal expansion is being used - use multiple materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion.
Another dimension
Discarding and recovering
Thermal expansion
Anti- weight
10. Change an object's physical state (e.g. to a gas - liquid - or solid.) Change the concentration or consistency. Change the degree of flexibility. Change the temperature.
Flexible shells and thin films
Inert atmosphere
Parameter changes
Local quality
11. Bring closer together (or merge) identical or similar objects - assemble identical or similar parts to perform parallel operations. Make operations contiguous or parallel; bring them together in time.
'Intermediary'
Preliminary anti- action
Composite materials
Merging
12. Separate an interfering part or property from an object - or single out the only necessary part (or property) of an object.
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Taking out
Continuity of useful action
Asymmetry
13. Introduce feedback (referring back - cross - checking) to improve a process or action. If feedback is already used - change its magnitude or influence.
Dynamics
Copying
The other way round
Feedback
14. Make objects interacting with a given object of the same material (or material with identical properties).
Composite materials
Anti- weight
Local quality
Homogeneity
15. Use harmful factors (particularly - harmful effects of the environment or surroundings) to achieve a positive effect. Eliminate the primary harmful action by adding it to another harmful action to resolve the problem. Amplify a harmful factor to such
Porous materials
Homogeneity
Spheroidality - Curvature
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
16. Change the color of an object or its external environment. Change the transparency of an object or its external environment.
Mechanical vibration
Porous materials
Color changes
Phase transitions
17. Place one object inside another; place each object - in turn - inside the other. Make one part pass through a cavity in the other.
Inert atmosphere
Mechanical vibration
Mechanics substitution
Nested doll
18. To move an object in two- or three- dimensional space. Use a multi- story arrangement of objects instead of a single- story arrangement. Tilt or re- orient the object - lay it on its side. Use 'another side' of a given area.
Another dimension
Flexible shells and thin films
Porous materials
Inert atmosphere
19. Use phenomena occurring during phase transitions (e.g. volume changes - loss or absorption of heat - etc.).
Feedback
Another dimension
Composite materials
Phase transitions
20. Make an object porous or add porous elements (inserts - coatings - etc.). If an object is already porous - use the pores to introduce a useful substance or function.
'Intermediary'
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Local quality
Porous materials
21. If it will be necessary to do an action with both harmful and useful effects - this action should be replaced with anti- actions to control harmful effects. Create beforehand stresses in an object that will oppose known undesirable working stresses l
Inert atmosphere
Preliminary action
Preliminary anti- action
Cheap short- living objects
22. Use an intermediary carrier article or intermediary process. Merge one object temporarily with another (which can be easily removed).
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23. Allow (or design) the characteristics of an object - external environment - or process to change to be optimal or to find an optimal operating condition. Divide an object into parts capable of movement relative to each other. If an object (or process
Periodic action
Asymmetry
Dynamics
Nested doll
24. Instead of continuous action - use periodic or pulsating actions. If an action is already periodic - change the periodic magnitude or frequency. Use pauses between impulses to perform a different action.
Periodic action
Porous materials
Merging
Taking out
25. Instead of using rectilinear parts - surfaces - or forms - use curvilinear ones; move from flat surfaces to spherical ones; from parts shaped as a cube (parallelepiped) to ball- shaped structures. Use rollers - balls - spirals - domes. Go from linear
Composite materials
Porous materials
Spheroidality - Curvature
Copying
26. Change the shape of an object from symmetrical to asymmetrical. If an object is asymmetrical - increase its degree of asymmetry.
Asymmetry
Nested doll
The other way round
Dynamics
27. Make a part or object perform multiple functions; eliminate the need for other parts.
Preliminary anti- action
Copying
Composite materials
Universality
28. Use flexible shells and thin films instead of three dimensional structures. If an object is already porous - use the pores to introduce a useful substance or function.
Nested doll
Flexible shells and thin films
Continuity of useful action
Homogeneity
29. Make portions of an object that have fulfilled their functions go away (discard by dissolving - evaporating - etc.) or modify these directly during operation. Conversely - restore consumable parts of an object directly in operation.
Skipping
Segmentation
Discarding and recovering
Strong oxidants
30. Make an object serve itself by performing auxiliary helpful functions. Use waste resources - energy - or substances.
Composite materials
Feedback
Dynamics
Self- service
31. Perform - before it is needed - the required change of an object (either fully or partially). Pre- arrange objects such that they can come into action from the most convenient place and without losing time for their delivery.
Preliminary action
Flexible shells and thin films
Strong oxidants
Universality
32. Conduct a process - or certain stages (e.g. destructible - harmful or hazardous operations) at high speed.
Equipotentiality
Asymmetry
Skipping
The other way round
33. Change from uniform to composite (multiple) materials.
The other way round
Composite materials
Copying
Equipotentiality
34. Carry on work continuously; make all prts of an object work at full load - all the time. Eliminate all idle or intermittent actions or work.
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Mechanics substitution
Continuity of useful action
Asymmetry
35. Change an object's structure from uniform to non - uniform - change an external environment (or external influence) from uniform to non - uniform. Make each part of an object function in conditions most suitable for its operation. Make each part of a
Mechanics substitution
Color changes
Local quality
Porous materials
36. To compensate for the weight of an object - merge it with other objects that provide lift. To compensate for the weight of an object - make it interact with the environment (e.g. use aerodynamic - hydrodynamic - buoyancy and other forces).
Merging
Inert atmosphere
Anti- weight
Preliminary action
37. Use gas and liquid parts of an object instead of solid parts (e.g. inflatable - filled with liquids - air cushion - hydrostatic - hydro- reactive).
Cheap short- living objects
Universality
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Preliminary action
38. Cause an object to oscillate or vibrate. Increase its frequency (even up to the ultrasonic). Use an object's resonant frequency. Use piezoelectric vibrators instead of mechanical ones. Use combined ultrasonic and electromagnetic field oscillations.
Self- service
Universality
Mechanical vibration
Strong oxidants
39. In a potential field - limit position changes (e.g. change operating conditions to eliminate the need to raise or lower objects in a gravity field).
Segmentation
Dynamics
Equipotentiality
Universality
40. Replace common air with oxygen - enriched air. Replace enriched air with pure oxygen. Expose air or oxygen to ionizing radiation. Use ionized oxygen. Replace ozonized (or ionized) oxygen with ozone.
Self- service
Segmentation
Feedback
Strong oxidants