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Test your basic knowledge |
Triz40 Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Change from uniform to composite (multiple) materials.
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Porous materials
Composite materials
Segmentation
2. Prepare emergency means beforehand to compensate for the relatively low reliability of an object.
Beforehand cushioning
Segmentation
Continuity of useful action
Discarding and recovering
3. If it will be necessary to do an action with both harmful and useful effects - this action should be replaced with anti- actions to control harmful effects. Create beforehand stresses in an object that will oppose known undesirable working stresses l
Dynamics
Preliminary anti- action
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Porous materials
4. Change an object's structure from uniform to non - uniform - change an external environment (or external influence) from uniform to non - uniform. Make each part of an object function in conditions most suitable for its operation. Make each part of a
Segmentation
Mechanical vibration
Local quality
Flexible shells and thin films
5. Make a part or object perform multiple functions; eliminate the need for other parts.
Dynamics
Anti- weight
Porous materials
Universality
6. Replace an inexpensive object with a multiple of inexpensive objects - comprising certain qualities (such as service life - for instance).
Preliminary action
Phase transitions
Cheap short- living objects
Copying
7. Allow (or design) the characteristics of an object - external environment - or process to change to be optimal or to find an optimal operating condition. Divide an object into parts capable of movement relative to each other. If an object (or process
Preliminary action
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Composite materials
Dynamics
8. Replace common air with oxygen - enriched air. Replace enriched air with pure oxygen. Expose air or oxygen to ionizing radiation. Use ionized oxygen. Replace ozonized (or ionized) oxygen with ozone.
Beforehand cushioning
Copying
Porous materials
Strong oxidants
9. To move an object in two- or three- dimensional space. Use a multi- story arrangement of objects instead of a single- story arrangement. Tilt or re- orient the object - lay it on its side. Use 'another side' of a given area.
Local quality
Copying
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Another dimension
10. Replace a mechanical means with a sensory (optical - acoustic - taste or smell) means. Use electric - magnetic and electromagnetic fields to interact with the object. Change from static to movable fields - from unstructured fields to those having str
Universality
Discarding and recovering
Mechanics substitution
Inert atmosphere
11. Cause an object to oscillate or vibrate. Increase its frequency (even up to the ultrasonic). Use an object's resonant frequency. Use piezoelectric vibrators instead of mechanical ones. Use combined ultrasonic and electromagnetic field oscillations.
Mechanical vibration
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Self- service
Local quality
12. Change the shape of an object from symmetrical to asymmetrical. If an object is asymmetrical - increase its degree of asymmetry.
Asymmetry
Composite materials
Self- service
Flexible shells and thin films
13. Use harmful factors (particularly - harmful effects of the environment or surroundings) to achieve a positive effect. Eliminate the primary harmful action by adding it to another harmful action to resolve the problem. Amplify a harmful factor to such
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Preliminary anti- action
Cheap short- living objects
Asymmetry
14. Invert the action(s) used to solve the problem (e.g. instead of cooling an object - heat it). Make movable parts (or the external environment) fixed - and fixed parts movable. Turn the object (or process) 'upside down'.
Local quality
Merging
The other way round
Phase transitions
15. Make an object serve itself by performing auxiliary helpful functions. Use waste resources - energy - or substances.
Self- service
Thermal expansion
'Intermediary'
Merging
16. In a potential field - limit position changes (e.g. change operating conditions to eliminate the need to raise or lower objects in a gravity field).
Equipotentiality
Phase transitions
Self- service
Another dimension
17. Change an object's physical state (e.g. to a gas - liquid - or solid.) Change the concentration or consistency. Change the degree of flexibility. Change the temperature.
Universality
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Anti- weight
Parameter changes
18. Change the color of an object or its external environment. Change the transparency of an object or its external environment.
Strong oxidants
Feedback
Color changes
Segmentation
19. Separate an interfering part or property from an object - or single out the only necessary part (or property) of an object.
Color changes
Dynamics
Thermal expansion
Taking out
20. Instead of an unavailable - expensive - fragile object - use simpler and inexpensive copies. Replace an object - or process with optical copies. If visible optical copies are already used - move to infrared or ultraviolet copies.
Copying
Phase transitions
Thermal expansion
The other way round
21. Instead of using rectilinear parts - surfaces - or forms - use curvilinear ones; move from flat surfaces to spherical ones; from parts shaped as a cube (parallelepiped) to ball- shaped structures. Use rollers - balls - spirals - domes. Go from linear
Spheroidality - Curvature
Strong oxidants
Inert atmosphere
Color changes
22. Place one object inside another; place each object - in turn - inside the other. Make one part pass through a cavity in the other.
Nested doll
Inert atmosphere
Spheroidality - Curvature
Local quality
23. Instead of continuous action - use periodic or pulsating actions. If an action is already periodic - change the periodic magnitude or frequency. Use pauses between impulses to perform a different action.
Parameter changes
Partial or excessive actions
Periodic action
Segmentation
24. If 100 percent of an object is hard to achieve using a given solution method then - by using 'slightly less' or 'slightly more' of the same method - the problem may be considerably easier to solve.
Skipping
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Partial or excessive actions
Preliminary action
25. Conduct a process - or certain stages (e.g. destructible - harmful or hazardous operations) at high speed.
Another dimension
Skipping
Copying
Homogeneity
26. Introduce feedback (referring back - cross - checking) to improve a process or action. If feedback is already used - change its magnitude or influence.
Feedback
The other way round
Dynamics
Porous materials
27. Divide an object into independent parts. Make an object easy to disassemble. Increase the degree of fragmentation or segmentation.
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Segmentation
Mechanical vibration
Composite materials
28. Perform - before it is needed - the required change of an object (either fully or partially). Pre- arrange objects such that they can come into action from the most convenient place and without losing time for their delivery.
The other way round
Beforehand cushioning
Mechanics substitution
Preliminary action
29. Use thermal expansion (or contraction) of materials. If thermal expansion is being used - use multiple materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion.
Thermal expansion
Homogeneity
Strong oxidants
Cheap short- living objects
30. Use gas and liquid parts of an object instead of solid parts (e.g. inflatable - filled with liquids - air cushion - hydrostatic - hydro- reactive).
Discarding and recovering
Taking out
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Beforehand cushioning
31. Replace a normal environment with an inert one. Add neutral parts - or inert additives to an object.
Mechanical vibration
Inert atmosphere
Universality
Beforehand cushioning
32. Use phenomena occurring during phase transitions (e.g. volume changes - loss or absorption of heat - etc.).
Anti- weight
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Phase transitions
Skipping
33. Make objects interacting with a given object of the same material (or material with identical properties).
Homogeneity
Inert atmosphere
Beforehand cushioning
Merging
34. Use flexible shells and thin films instead of three dimensional structures. If an object is already porous - use the pores to introduce a useful substance or function.
Flexible shells and thin films
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Preliminary anti- action
Discarding and recovering
35. Carry on work continuously; make all prts of an object work at full load - all the time. Eliminate all idle or intermittent actions or work.
Mechanical vibration
Another dimension
Periodic action
Continuity of useful action
36. To compensate for the weight of an object - merge it with other objects that provide lift. To compensate for the weight of an object - make it interact with the environment (e.g. use aerodynamic - hydrodynamic - buoyancy and other forces).
Anti- weight
The other way round
Composite materials
Strong oxidants
37. Make portions of an object that have fulfilled their functions go away (discard by dissolving - evaporating - etc.) or modify these directly during operation. Conversely - restore consumable parts of an object directly in operation.
Skipping
Phase transitions
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Discarding and recovering
38. Make an object porous or add porous elements (inserts - coatings - etc.). If an object is already porous - use the pores to introduce a useful substance or function.
Local quality
Strong oxidants
Porous materials
Feedback
39. Bring closer together (or merge) identical or similar objects - assemble identical or similar parts to perform parallel operations. Make operations contiguous or parallel; bring them together in time.
Merging
Anti- weight
The other way round
Segmentation
40. Use an intermediary carrier article or intermediary process. Merge one object temporarily with another (which can be easily removed).
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