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Test your basic knowledge |
Triz40 Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 40 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Perform - before it is needed - the required change of an object (either fully or partially). Pre- arrange objects such that they can come into action from the most convenient place and without losing time for their delivery.
Skipping
Composite materials
Preliminary action
Partial or excessive actions
2. Change an object's physical state (e.g. to a gas - liquid - or solid.) Change the concentration or consistency. Change the degree of flexibility. Change the temperature.
Preliminary anti- action
Color changes
Parameter changes
Periodic action
3. Separate an interfering part or property from an object - or single out the only necessary part (or property) of an object.
Self- service
Partial or excessive actions
Taking out
Thermal expansion
4. Replace a mechanical means with a sensory (optical - acoustic - taste or smell) means. Use electric - magnetic and electromagnetic fields to interact with the object. Change from static to movable fields - from unstructured fields to those having str
The other way round
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
Mechanics substitution
Cheap short- living objects
5. Carry on work continuously; make all prts of an object work at full load - all the time. Eliminate all idle or intermittent actions or work.
Preliminary anti- action
Continuity of useful action
Porous materials
Anti- weight
6. Place one object inside another; place each object - in turn - inside the other. Make one part pass through a cavity in the other.
Copying
Phase transitions
Flexible shells and thin films
Nested doll
7. Use harmful factors (particularly - harmful effects of the environment or surroundings) to achieve a positive effect. Eliminate the primary harmful action by adding it to another harmful action to resolve the problem. Amplify a harmful factor to such
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
'Intermediary'
Skipping
Taking out
8. To compensate for the weight of an object - merge it with other objects that provide lift. To compensate for the weight of an object - make it interact with the environment (e.g. use aerodynamic - hydrodynamic - buoyancy and other forces).
Continuity of useful action
Anti- weight
Universality
Strong oxidants
9. In a potential field - limit position changes (e.g. change operating conditions to eliminate the need to raise or lower objects in a gravity field).
Equipotentiality
Porous materials
The other way round
Preliminary action
10. Cause an object to oscillate or vibrate. Increase its frequency (even up to the ultrasonic). Use an object's resonant frequency. Use piezoelectric vibrators instead of mechanical ones. Use combined ultrasonic and electromagnetic field oscillations.
Taking out
Porous materials
Mechanical vibration
Self- service
11. Divide an object into independent parts. Make an object easy to disassemble. Increase the degree of fragmentation or segmentation.
Periodic action
Inert atmosphere
Segmentation
Local quality
12. Use an intermediary carrier article or intermediary process. Merge one object temporarily with another (which can be easily removed).
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13. Bring closer together (or merge) identical or similar objects - assemble identical or similar parts to perform parallel operations. Make operations contiguous or parallel; bring them together in time.
Anti- weight
Self- service
Merging
Nested doll
14. Change from uniform to composite (multiple) materials.
'Intermediary'
Composite materials
Porous materials
The other way round
15. Make an object serve itself by performing auxiliary helpful functions. Use waste resources - energy - or substances.
Parameter changes
Asymmetry
Mechanical vibration
Self- service
16. Use phenomena occurring during phase transitions (e.g. volume changes - loss or absorption of heat - etc.).
Cheap short- living objects
Color changes
Phase transitions
Discarding and recovering
17. Make objects interacting with a given object of the same material (or material with identical properties).
Spheroidality - Curvature
Feedback
Homogeneity
Phase transitions
18. To move an object in two- or three- dimensional space. Use a multi- story arrangement of objects instead of a single- story arrangement. Tilt or re- orient the object - lay it on its side. Use 'another side' of a given area.
Continuity of useful action
Another dimension
Inert atmosphere
'Intermediary'
19. Replace common air with oxygen - enriched air. Replace enriched air with pure oxygen. Expose air or oxygen to ionizing radiation. Use ionized oxygen. Replace ozonized (or ionized) oxygen with ozone.
Periodic action
Taking out
Strong oxidants
Color changes
20. Change the shape of an object from symmetrical to asymmetrical. If an object is asymmetrical - increase its degree of asymmetry.
'Intermediary'
Asymmetry
Continuity of useful action
Flexible shells and thin films
21. Use thermal expansion (or contraction) of materials. If thermal expansion is being used - use multiple materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion.
Skipping
Thermal expansion
Continuity of useful action
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
22. If it will be necessary to do an action with both harmful and useful effects - this action should be replaced with anti- actions to control harmful effects. Create beforehand stresses in an object that will oppose known undesirable working stresses l
Preliminary anti- action
Color changes
Self- service
Local quality
23. Instead of continuous action - use periodic or pulsating actions. If an action is already periodic - change the periodic magnitude or frequency. Use pauses between impulses to perform a different action.
Parameter changes
Inert atmosphere
Periodic action
Beforehand cushioning
24. Make portions of an object that have fulfilled their functions go away (discard by dissolving - evaporating - etc.) or modify these directly during operation. Conversely - restore consumable parts of an object directly in operation.
Segmentation
Discarding and recovering
Periodic action
Porous materials
25. Allow (or design) the characteristics of an object - external environment - or process to change to be optimal or to find an optimal operating condition. Divide an object into parts capable of movement relative to each other. If an object (or process
Local quality
Asymmetry
Preliminary anti- action
Dynamics
26. Prepare emergency means beforehand to compensate for the relatively low reliability of an object.
Merging
Taking out
Beforehand cushioning
Equipotentiality
27. If 100 percent of an object is hard to achieve using a given solution method then - by using 'slightly less' or 'slightly more' of the same method - the problem may be considerably easier to solve.
Segmentation
Spheroidality - Curvature
Partial or excessive actions
Preliminary anti- action
28. Change an object's structure from uniform to non - uniform - change an external environment (or external influence) from uniform to non - uniform. Make each part of an object function in conditions most suitable for its operation. Make each part of a
Local quality
Preliminary anti- action
Periodic action
Color changes
29. Use flexible shells and thin films instead of three dimensional structures. If an object is already porous - use the pores to introduce a useful substance or function.
Merging
Local quality
Flexible shells and thin films
Asymmetry
30. Change the color of an object or its external environment. Change the transparency of an object or its external environment.
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Color changes
Equipotentiality
Parameter changes
31. Make a part or object perform multiple functions; eliminate the need for other parts.
Beforehand cushioning
Another dimension
Universality
Blessing in disguise or Turn Lemons into Lemonade
32. Replace an inexpensive object with a multiple of inexpensive objects - comprising certain qualities (such as service life - for instance).
Taking out
Spheroidality - Curvature
Segmentation
Cheap short- living objects
33. Make an object porous or add porous elements (inserts - coatings - etc.). If an object is already porous - use the pores to introduce a useful substance or function.
Dynamics
Phase transitions
Porous materials
Taking out
34. Instead of using rectilinear parts - surfaces - or forms - use curvilinear ones; move from flat surfaces to spherical ones; from parts shaped as a cube (parallelepiped) to ball- shaped structures. Use rollers - balls - spirals - domes. Go from linear
Nested doll
Spheroidality - Curvature
Discarding and recovering
Segmentation
35. Invert the action(s) used to solve the problem (e.g. instead of cooling an object - heat it). Make movable parts (or the external environment) fixed - and fixed parts movable. Turn the object (or process) 'upside down'.
Another dimension
Inert atmosphere
The other way round
Porous materials
36. Conduct a process - or certain stages (e.g. destructible - harmful or hazardous operations) at high speed.
Mechanics substitution
Strong oxidants
Universality
Skipping
37. Introduce feedback (referring back - cross - checking) to improve a process or action. If feedback is already used - change its magnitude or influence.
Preliminary anti- action
Self- service
Strong oxidants
Feedback
38. Instead of an unavailable - expensive - fragile object - use simpler and inexpensive copies. Replace an object - or process with optical copies. If visible optical copies are already used - move to infrared or ultraviolet copies.
Thermal expansion
Feedback
Copying
Inert atmosphere
39. Replace a normal environment with an inert one. Add neutral parts - or inert additives to an object.
Skipping
Inert atmosphere
Mechanical vibration
Equipotentiality
40. Use gas and liquid parts of an object instead of solid parts (e.g. inflatable - filled with liquids - air cushion - hydrostatic - hydro- reactive).
Cheap short- living objects
Asymmetry
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Merging