SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE Cardiovascular Physiology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Radius to the 4th power
Net filtration pressure
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
Interstital hydrostatic pressure (Pi)
Resistance is inversely proportional to...
2. 3rd degree
Capillary hydrostatic pressure (Pc)
Wide S2 splitting
Lyme disease can cause why type of AV block?
A fib on EKG
3. Holosystolic 'blowing murmur' loudest at left 5th intercostal space midclavicular line - & is enhanced by expiration (increased LA return) & squatting (increased TPR)
Mitral Regurgitation
Lyme disease can cause why type of AV block?
Normal S2 splitting
Wide S2 splitting
4. Pull fluid out of capillary
Phase 4 of ventricular AP
Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure
1st degree AV block on EKG
Paradoxical S2 splitting
5. Mitral & tripcuspid valve closure
Patent ductus arteriosus
Torsades de Pointes
Wolff - Parkinson - White Syndrome
S1
6. Initial repolarization due to inactivation of Na channels & opening of voltaged - gated K channels
Phase 2 of nodal AP
Mobitz type II 2nd degree AV block
Phase 1 of ventricular AP
Resistance is inversely proportional to...
7. Ventricular pre - excitation caused by an accessory conduction pathway that bypasses the AV node. Delta wave on EKG. Can lead to SVT.
Wolff - Parkinson - White Syndrome
Supplies blood to the base of the left ventricle
3rd degree complete AV block
Fixed S2 splitting
8. Associated with pulmonic stenosis or RBBB (delayed RV emptying)
Mitral stenosis
Wide S2 splitting
1st degree AV block on EKG
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) =
9. 5th intercostal space at left midclavicular line
Phase 0 of ventricular AP
Auscultation location of mitral area
Aortic regurgitation
Capillary hydrostatic pressure (Pc)
10. Holosystolic 'harsh' murmur that is loudest at left sternal border near 4th rib
Ventricular septal defect
Mitral prolapse
Phase 0 of ventricular AP
U wave on EKG
11. Posterior descending artery (80% from RCA - 20% from CFX via LCA)
S1
Plasma colloid osmotic pressure
Supplies blood to the base of the left ventricle
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
12. Pulmonic valve closure before aortic valve closure associated with aortic stenosis or LBBB (delayed left ventrical emptying)
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) =
1st degree AV block on EKG
Paradoxical S2 splitting
Interstital hydrostatic pressure (Pi)
13. Continuous machine - like murmur that is loudest at S2
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
Ventricular septal defect
Mitral prolapse
Patent ductus arteriosus
14. Indicates recent MI
Auscultation location of tricuspid area
Fixed S2 splitting
Capillary hydrostatic pressure (Pc)
T wave inversion on EKG
15. Late diastole 'atrial kick' sound against increased pressure from ventricular hypertrophy
Interstital hydrostatic pressure (Pi)
S4
Wolff - Parkinson - White Syndrome
Auscultation location of tricuspid area
16. Aortic valve closure slightly before pulmonic valve closure at end of systolic ejection
Phase 2 of nodal AP
3rd degree complete AV block
Fick principle
Normal S2 splitting
17. Associated with atrial septal defect (ASD) - allowing a left to right shunt that increases flow through pulmonic valve and delays closure
Ventricular septal defect
Fixed S2 splitting
S3
Phase 0 of nodal AP
18. Pushes fluid out of capillary
Capillary hydrostatic pressure (Pc)
A flutter on EKG
Effect of inspiration on S2 splitting
3rd degree complete AV block
19. Aortic & pulmonic valve closure
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Net filtration pressure
S2
Auscultation location of mitral area
20. Dropped QRS complexes not preceded by change in PR interval (can be 2:1 - 3:1 - etc)
Mobitz type II 2nd degree AV block
Phase 0 of nodal AP
Wide S2 splitting
Net filtration pressure
21. 4th rib at left sternal border
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Auscultation location of tricuspid area
Phase 3 of nodal AP
1st degree AV block on EKG
22. = (capillary pressure - interstital fluid pressure) - (plasma oncotic pressure - interstital fluid oncotic pressure)
Auscultation location of pulmonic area
Normal S2 splitting
Net filtration pressure
Mobitz type II 2nd degree AV block
23. Late systolic crescendo murmur (loudest at S2) following a midsystolic click - enhanced by squatting (increased TPR)
Phase 3 of ventricular AP
Effect of inspiration on S2 splitting
Phase 2 of nodal AP
Mitral prolapse
24. CO = rate of O2 consumption / (arterial O2 content - venous arterial O2 content)
Aortic regurgitation
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) =
Fick principle
Auscultation location of tricuspid area
25. Crescendo - decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following an ejection click. Associated with weak pulses & syncope.
3rd degree complete AV block
Phase 2 of ventricular AP
Aortic Stenosis
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
26. Absent (no plateau in nodal tissue)
Paradoxical S2 splitting
Phase 0 of nodal AP
S3
Phase 2 of nodal AP
27. Caused by hypokalemia or bradycardia
1st degree AV block on EKG
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
Resistance is inversely proportional to...
U wave on EKG
28. Blood viscosity (increased in polycythemia - hyperproteinemia - & hereditary spherocytosis)
Auscultation location of aortic area
Fick principle
Resistance is directly proportional to...
Auscultation location of tricuspid area
29. Delayed 'rumbling' late diastolic murmur following an opening snap
Mobitz type II 2nd degree AV block
A fib on EKG
Mitral stenosis
Supplies blood to the base of the left ventricle
30. Rapid upstroke due to voltage - gated Na channel opening
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Fixed S2 splitting
Phase 3 of nodal AP
Phase 0 of ventricular AP
31. Rapid back - to - back atrial depolarization -> 'sawtooth' appearance
Phase 3 of nodal AP
A flutter on EKG
Phase 2 of nodal AP
Capillary hydrostatic pressure (Pc)
32. Rapid repolarization due to massive K efflux & closure of Ca channels
Phase 3 of ventricular AP
Phase 2 of ventricular AP
3rd degree complete AV block
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
33. 'Irregularly irregular' - No discrete P waves and irregularly spaced QRS complexes
T wave inversion on EKG
Aortic regurgitation
A fib on EKG
Resistance is inversely proportional to...
34. Upstroke due to opening of Ca channels (Nodal tissues lack fast Na channels which allows for a prolonged AV node transmission from atria to ventricles)
Phase 0 of nodal AP
Paradoxical S2 splitting
Phase 3 of ventricular AP
Mitral prolapse
35. Repolarization due to inactivation of Ca channels & activation of K channels
Phase 0 of nodal AP
Phase 3 of nodal AP
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
Interstital hydrostatic pressure (Pi)
36. Slow diastolic depolarization with Na conductance that accounts for automaticity of SA/AV nodes (slope determines HR)
S4
S2
Phase 4 of nodal AP
A fib on EKG
37. Atria & ventricles beat independent of each other - no relation between P waves & QRS complexes
Wolff - Parkinson - White Syndrome
Patent ductus arteriosus
3rd degree complete AV block
Interstital hydrostatic pressure (Pi)
38. Pulls fluid into capillary
Lyme disease can cause why type of AV block?
Mitral stenosis
Interstital hydrostatic pressure (Pi)
Plasma colloid osmotic pressure
39. 2nd intercostal space along right sternal border
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Aortic regurgitation
3rd degree complete AV block
Auscultation location of aortic area
40. Early diastole rapid filling sound heard with dilated ventricle (normal in children & pregnant women)
S3
Phase 4 of ventricular AP
Common causes of edema
Normal S2 splitting
41. 2nd intercostal space along left sternal border
Resistance is directly proportional to...
Phase 0 of nodal AP
Auscultation location of pulmonic area
Net filtration pressure
42. Cardiac output (CO) x total peripheral resistance (TPR) - or 2/3 diastolic pressure + 1/3 systolic pressure
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) =
Mobitz type II 2nd degree AV block
Auscultation location of aortic area
Phase 0 of ventricular AP
43. V Tach with shifting sinusoidal waveforms on EKG - can progess to V fib - Predisposed by QT prolongation
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Torsades de Pointes
Mitral prolapse
Phase 1 of ventricular AP
44. Holosystolic 'blowing murmur' loudest at left sternal border near 4th rib - & is enhanced by inspiration (increased RA return)
Auscultation location of aortic area
T wave inversion on EKG
Tricuspid Regurgitation
1st degree AV block on EKG
45. Pushes fluid into capillary
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
Wolff - Parkinson - White Syndrome
Auscultation location of pulmonic area
Interstital hydrostatic pressure (Pi)
46. High pitched 'blowing' diastolic murmur - can decrease intensity of murmur with vasodilation
Aortic regurgitation
Phase 0 of ventricular AP
Phase 4 of ventricular AP
Auscultation location of mitral area
47. Progressive lengthening of PR interval until dropped QRS complex
S4
Wolff - Parkinson - White Syndrome
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
Phase 2 of ventricular AP
48. Inspiration delays pulmonic valve closure - which increases S2 splitting
Effect of inspiration on S2 splitting
Auscultation location of aortic area
Lyme disease can cause why type of AV block?
Phase 0 of nodal AP
49. Resting potential due to high K permeability
S3
Phase 2 of ventricular AP
Phase 4 of ventricular AP
Wide S2 splitting
50. Prolonged PR interval
Auscultation location of aortic area
Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) 2nd degree AV block
U wave on EKG
1st degree AV block on EKG