Test your basic knowledge |

USMLE Cardiovascular Physiology

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Progressive lengthening of PR interval until dropped QRS complex






2. Rapid repolarization due to massive K efflux & closure of Ca channels






3. Holosystolic 'blowing murmur' loudest at left 5th intercostal space midclavicular line - & is enhanced by expiration (increased LA return) & squatting (increased TPR)






4. Pulmonic valve closure before aortic valve closure associated with aortic stenosis or LBBB (delayed left ventrical emptying)






5. Atria & ventricles beat independent of each other - no relation between P waves & QRS complexes






6. Pull fluid out of capillary






7. Plateau due to Ca influx balancing K efflux Myocyte contraction






8. Associated with atrial septal defect (ASD) - allowing a left to right shunt that increases flow through pulmonic valve and delays closure






9. Prolonged PR interval






10. Repolarization due to inactivation of Ca channels & activation of K channels






11. Holosystolic 'blowing murmur' loudest at left sternal border near 4th rib - & is enhanced by inspiration (increased RA return)






12. Posterior descending artery (80% from RCA - 20% from CFX via LCA)






13. Late systolic crescendo murmur (loudest at S2) following a midsystolic click - enhanced by squatting (increased TPR)






14. Rapid upstroke due to voltage - gated Na channel opening






15. Radius to the 4th power






16. Delayed 'rumbling' late diastolic murmur following an opening snap






17. 2nd intercostal space along right sternal border






18. Indicates recent MI






19. Aortic valve closure slightly before pulmonic valve closure at end of systolic ejection






20. 3rd degree






21. 'Irregularly irregular' - No discrete P waves and irregularly spaced QRS complexes






22. 5th intercostal space at left midclavicular line






23. Dropped QRS complexes not preceded by change in PR interval (can be 2:1 - 3:1 - etc)






24. Pushes fluid into capillary






25. V Tach with shifting sinusoidal waveforms on EKG - can progess to V fib - Predisposed by QT prolongation






26. Absent (no plateau in nodal tissue)






27. Pushes fluid out of capillary






28. Aortic & pulmonic valve closure






29. Holosystolic 'harsh' murmur that is loudest at left sternal border near 4th rib






30. Initial repolarization due to inactivation of Na channels & opening of voltaged - gated K channels






31. Slow diastolic depolarization with Na conductance that accounts for automaticity of SA/AV nodes (slope determines HR)






32. High pitched 'blowing' diastolic murmur - can decrease intensity of murmur with vasodilation






33. = (capillary pressure - interstital fluid pressure) - (plasma oncotic pressure - interstital fluid oncotic pressure)






34. Continuous machine - like murmur that is loudest at S2






35. Early diastole rapid filling sound heard with dilated ventricle (normal in children & pregnant women)






36. CO = rate of O2 consumption / (arterial O2 content - venous arterial O2 content)






37. Late diastole 'atrial kick' sound against increased pressure from ventricular hypertrophy






38. Rapid back - to - back atrial depolarization -> 'sawtooth' appearance






39. Pulls fluid into capillary






40. Cardiac output (CO) x total peripheral resistance (TPR) - or 2/3 diastolic pressure + 1/3 systolic pressure






41. Mitral & tripcuspid valve closure






42. 4th rib at left sternal border






43. 2nd intercostal space along left sternal border






44. Upstroke due to opening of Ca channels (Nodal tissues lack fast Na channels which allows for a prolonged AV node transmission from atria to ventricles)






45. 1) increased capillary pressure - CHF 2) decreased plasma proteins - nephrotic syndrome - liver failure 3) increased capillary permeability - toxins - burns - infections 4) increased interstital osmotic pressure - lymphatic obstruction






46. Ventricular pre - excitation caused by an accessory conduction pathway that bypasses the AV node. Delta wave on EKG. Can lead to SVT.






47. Resting potential due to high K permeability






48. Inspiration delays pulmonic valve closure - which increases S2 splitting






49. Crescendo - decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following an ejection click. Associated with weak pulses & syncope.






50. Caused by hypokalemia or bradycardia






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



Let me suggest you:

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests



Major Subjects

Tests & Exams


AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests