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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Incidence of hyoglycemia with metformin
inhibit phospholipase A2
Osteoporosis - Paget's disease - and osteolytic bone lesions - and hypercalcemia from malignancy
Nefazodone
None
2. Estrogen mostly used in oral contraceptives (OC)
Angiotensin receptor
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Positive Comb's test - depression
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
3. The most frequent cause of acute deaths in cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity
Salmeterol
Aspirin
Calcium
Respiratory failure
4. Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
Metronidazole
Lupus - like syndrome
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
Vancomycin
5. Opioid that can be given PO - by epidural - and IV - which helps to relieve the dyspnea of pulmonary edema
Beta blockers
Dexrazoxane
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
Morphine
6. Agents having higher sedation and antimuscarinic effects than other TCA's
Amphetamines
Tertiary amines
5-7 days
Autocoids
7. Window between therapeutic effect and toxic effect
Therapeutic index
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Midodrine
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
8. Shock due to septicemia or myocardial infarction is made worse by
Increasing afterload and tissue perfusion declines
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Erythropoietin
Aminoglutethimide
9. Example of three antidepressants that are indicated for obsessive compulsive disorder
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
Serum ammonia and LFT's
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
10. DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)
Adenosine
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
Cyproheptadine
Buspirone
11. Limiting adverse effect of ganglion blockade that patients usually are unable to tolerate
Severe hypertension
Efficacy
Point mutation
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
12. Drug increases the renal clearance hence decreases levels of lithium
Dicyclomine - methscopolamine
Dexrazoxane
Spironolactone
Theophylline
13. A1a - selective blocker with no effects on HTN used for BPH
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Zero order kinetics
14. Agent that inhibits hepatic metabolism - is hepatotoxic and teratogen that can cause neural tube defects and gastrointestinal distress
Fluoxetine
Valproic acid
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
Prazosin - terazosin and doxazosin (- AZOSIN ending)
15. Target plasma concentration times (volume of distribution divided by bioavailability)
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
'On - off - phenomenon'
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
Epinephrine
16. Drugs available in combination with metformin
Tolerance
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
Adenosine
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
17. Indirect - Acting ACh Agonist - alcohol - short DOA and used in diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
Diazepam
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
Edrophonium
Penicillamine
18. Antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia
Risperidone
Cefixime (3rd) generation
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
CNS stimulation; GI upset
19. Sedative - Hypnotics action
'On - off - phenomenon'
Organic nitrites
Aspirin
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
20. Mineralocorticoids
Seizures
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
21. Readily detected markers that may assist in diagnosis of the cause of a drug overdose include
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
Anterograde amnesia
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
22. Agent with long duration of action and is most likely to cause histamine release
Malathion
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Mivacurium
Tubocurarine
23. Anti - seizure agent that exhibits non - linear metabolism - highly protein bound - causes fetal hydantoin syndrome - and stimulates hepatic metabolism
Somatrem
Phenytoin
Naloxone (IV) - naltrexone (PO)
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
24. Plasma concentration of a drug at a given time
Pindolol and acebutolol
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
Cp
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD
25. Triptan available in parenteral and nasal formulation
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Sumatriptan
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Arteries and veins
26. This agent cause increased aqueous outflow
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Maprotiline
Amantadine
27. Skeletal muscle agent that undergoes Hofmann elimination (breaks down spontaneously)
Neostigmine
Adenosine
Atracurium
Esmolol
28. Concern using lithium
Dolasetron
B- blockers
Low therapeutic index
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
29. Anti - androgen used for prostate cancer
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Thrombocytopenia
30. DOC for malignant hyperthermia that may be caused by use of halogenated anesthetics
Salmeterol
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Dantrolene
Timolol
31. Beta 2 agonist used to suppress premature labor - but cardiac stimulatory effects may be hazardous to mother and fetus
Repaglinide
Epinephrine
Terbutaline
B- blockers
32. Drug that selectively inhibits COX 2
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Phentolamine
Celecoxib and rofecoxib
Ethanol
33. SE of hydroxychloroquine
L- asparaginase
Norepinephrine and serotonin
Propranolol
Retinal destruction and dermatitis
34. Prostaglandin used in the treatment of impotence
Spironolactone
Nifurtimox
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
Alprostadil
35. Maximum response achieveable from a drug
Timolol
Beta blockers
Efficacy
'dry as a bone - red as a beet - mad as a hatter - hot as a hare - blind as a bat'
36. Agent for pernicious anemia
ACE inhibitors
Zafirlukast and montelukast
Chlorpropamide
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
37. Tolerance is marked and abstinence syndrome occurs
Thioridazine
Amphetamines
Valproic acid - carbamazepine - phenytoin and gabapentin
Phenylephrine
38. Common side effect of hypnotic agents
Adenosine
Sedation
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
39. Agent similar to cisplatin - less nephrotoxic - but greater myelosuppression
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Beta blockers
Carboplatin
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
40. Nonselective alpha agonists that increases outflow - probably via the uveoscleral veins
Epinephrine - dipivefrin
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
41. Radio contrast media that inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3
Acarbose - miglitol
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Halothane
Ipodate
42. Bronchodilation in asthma and COPD
Ipratropium
Angiotensin receptor
Dopamine
Somatostatin
43. These agents are used as antitussive
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
Propofol
Pregnancy
Increasing sodium excretion and decreases arterial and venous tone
44. Lactam that can be used in PCN allergic patients
Aztreonam
Additive CNS depression
Hypertrichosis
Letrozole - anastrozole
45. Time it takes for amount of drug to fall to half of its value; this is a constant in first order kinetics (majority of drugs)
Atenolol - acebutolol - and metoprolol
AZT (zidovudine)
Timolol
Half - life (T1/2)
46. 1st generation antihistamine that is least sedating
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
Dantrolene
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Tamsulosin
47. Treatment of choice for organophosphate overdose
Atropine
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Tissue plasmin activator
Neuroleptanesthesia
48. SE of CCB
Constipation - edema - and headache
Block voltage - dependent sodium channels
Efficacy
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
49. CCB with predominate effect on arteriole dilation
Vitamin D
CNS depressants
Suramin
Nifedipine
50. Longer acting benzodiazepines used in the management of withdrawal states of alcohol and other drugs
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Naloxone
Point mutation