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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
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Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Associated with an increased incidence of cataracts in patients treated for glaucoma
Beta - blockers such as propranolol
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
Labetalol and carvedilol
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
2. Most widely used thyroid drugs such as Synthroid and Levoxyl contain
Primaquine
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Carbidopa
L- thyroxine (T4)
3. These agents are congeners of Amphetamine
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4. This step of metabolism makes a drug more hydrophilic and hence augments elimination
Phase I
Low therapeutic index
Nesiritide (BNP)
Labetalol and carvedilol
5. This agent cause increased aqueous outflow
Low therapeutic index
Prostaglandin PGF2a
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
Antithrombin 3
6. Non - depolarizing skeletal muscle antagonist that has short duration
Mivacurium
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Respiratory failure
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
7. Target plasma concentration times (volume of distribution divided by bioavailability)
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
Benztropine
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
8. Neurologic SE of benzodiazepines
Point mutation
Letrozole - anastrozole
Anterograde amnesia
Phenylephrine
9. Anti - arrhythmics that decrease mortality
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Benztropine - trihexyphenidyl
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
B- blockers
10. Major route of elimination for Lithium
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Kidneys
Tamoxifen
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
11. Important in muscle and adipose tissue for glucose transport across muscles and TG storage by lipoprotein lipase activation
Lactic acidosis
Cimetidine
Streptomycin
GLUT 4
12. Pneumonic for beta receptors
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)
Lithium
Hyperkalemia
Kidneys
13. Drug that causes contraction of the uterus
Increases concentration of Digoxin
Oxytocin
Specificity
Methotrexate
14. Biguanide
Nitroprusside
Amiodarone
Neostigmine
Metformin
15. Approved for use in severe pulmonary HTN
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Erythropoietin
16. Non ergot agents used as first - line therapy in the initial management of Parkinson's
Ondansetron - granisetron - dolasetron and alosetron
Hypertensive crisis
CNS toxicity
Pramipexole and ropinirole
17. Antidote used for acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Sulfonamides
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
Reduce the loss from area of injection
18. Major nutritional side effect of bile acid - binding resins
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Dantrolene
Ethanol - fomepizole
Methotrexate
19. This beta blocker is the longest acting
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
Nadolol
6- mercaptopurine (6- MP)
Ipratropium
20. Tolerance to all effects of opioid agonists can develop except
Pralidoxime
Estrogen
Miosis and constipation
Little C- peptide
21. DOC for Legionnaires' disease
Erythromycin
ACE inhibitors
Physostigmine
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
22. Agent having no effect on D2 receptors - blocks D4 - reserved for resistant schizophrenia - and can cause fatal agranulocytosis
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
Hot flashes
Clozapine
Risperidone
23. Agent used neutropenia especially after chemotherapy
Pregnancy
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
Magnesium sulfate
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
24. Class of drugs that may cause cross - sensitivity with thiazide diuretics
SSRI's - bupropion - and venlafaxine
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Ipratropium
Sulfonamides
25. Anti - Parkinson's drug which increases intraocular pressure and is contraindicated in closed angle glaucoma
Epinephrine
Decrease arterial blood pressure
Thyroxine
Levodopa
26. Anti - microbials that cause hemolysis in G6PD- deficient patients
Nitrous oxide
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
Sulfonamides
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
27. Window between therapeutic effect and toxic effect
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Therapeutic index
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Aminocaproic acid
28. SE for Lamotrigine
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Somatrem
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
29. Antidepressant with MOA as alpha 2 antagonist - has effects on both 5- HT and NE - blocks histamine receptors - and is sedating
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Spironolactone
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
Mirtazapine
30. Fibrates (gemfibrozil) increase activity of
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Dolasetron
Lipoprotein lipase
31. Most dangerous of the currently popular hallucinogenic drugs - OD leads to nystagmus - marked hypertension - and seizures - presence of both horizontal and vertical nystagmus is pathognomonic
Pilocarpine
PCP
Clozapine
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
32. Type of kinetics when a constant percentage of substrate is metabolized per unit time
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Lithium toxicity
First order kinetics
L- dopa
33. Agent that is teratogen and causes a fetal syndrome
Ethanol
Buspirone
Cisplatin
Nitroprusside
34. Toxicities include nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity - leading to a severe interaction with aminoglycosides
Cisplatin
Combination oral contraceptives (OC)
Gingival hyperplasia
Deferoxamine
35. This agent has greater affinity for muscarinic receptors and used for postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
Bromocriptine
Mirtazapine
Acebutolol and atenolol
Bethanechol
36. Sympathetic agent which stimulates heart rate and can dilate vessels in skeletal muscle at low doses
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Enflurane and halothane
Epinephrine
37. NSAID used in gout
Indomethacin
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Levodopa
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
38. Agent effective in physiologic and essential tremor
Increasing sodium excretion and decreases arterial and venous tone
Propranolol
Normal C- peptide
Halothane
39. Activation of these receptors open K+ ion channels to cause membrane hyperpolarization
Low therapeutic index
Corticosteroids
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
40. SE of long term (>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy
prolongs QT and PR interval
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Autocoids
Alpha1 agonists
41. Longer acting local anesthetics which are less dependent on vasoconstrictors
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
Nausea
Demeclocycline
42. Angiotensin receptor blockers do Not cause
Ethanol or fomepizole
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)
Dry cough
Lactic acidosis
43. Agent that is metabolized to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and microsomal ethanol - oxidizing system (MEOS)
Minoxidil
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
Infants - closed angle glaucoma - prostatic hypertrophy
Ethanol
44. SE of colchicine
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
Calcium
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
Capsaicin
45. Thrombolytic used for acute MI and ischemic (non hemorrhagic) CVA
Chemical esophagitis
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
Tissue plasmin activator
Sumatriptan
46. Digoxin is used in
Flumazenil
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Cp
47. Scabicide organophosphate
Scopolamine - meclizine
Block voltage - dependent sodium channels
Kidneys
Malathion
48. Agent that inhibits alcohol dyhydrogenase and its clinical use
Hypertensive crisis
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
49. Loops lose and thiazide diuretics retain
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
Ketoralac
Calcium
50. Agent which stimulates cardiac contractile force more than rate with little effect on total peripheral resistance
Dobutamine
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Phenytoin
Hyperprolactinemia - menorrhea - galactorrhea - confusion - mood changes - decreased sexual interest - and weight gain
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