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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rate limiting step of alcohol metabolism
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Buspirone
Amrinone and milrinone
2. Weak opioid agonist - poor analgesic - its overdose can cause severe toxicity including respiratory depression - circulatory collapse - pulmonary edema - and seizures
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
Disulfiram - like reaction
Alpha1 agonists
Propoxyphene
3. Non - selective Alpha1blockers use to treat pheochromocytoma
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation
Phenoxybenzamine
Hydroxychloroquine
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
4. MOA of Cardiac glycosides (eg. digoxin)
Indirectly increase intracellular calcium and cardiac contractility by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Ganciclovir
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
5. Time it takes for amount of drug to fall to half of its value; this is a constant in first order kinetics (majority of drugs)
Valproic acid
Half - life (T1/2)
Benztropine
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
6. Lactam that can be used in PCN allergic patients
Hepatotoxicity
Aztreonam
Levodopa
Ribavirin
7. Drug is used with testosterone for male fertility
Insulin
Bupropion
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Leuprolide
8. Benzodiazepine that undergo extrahepatic conjugation (which are useful in older or hepatically impaired)
Antithrombin 3
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
9. Produces both rapid anesthesia and recovery - has antiemetic activity and commonly used for outpatient surgery - may cause marked hypotension
Parathion
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Propofol
N- acetylcysteine
10. DOC for status epilepticus
Diazepam
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
Theophylline
Propranolol
11. ADH agonist used for pituitary diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Hypertension
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
12. Inhaled anesthetics metabolized by liver enzymes which has a major role in the toxicity of these agents
Ceftriaxone
Leuprolide
Halothane and methoxyflurane
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
13. Aromatase inhibitor used in breast cancer
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
Letrozole - anastrozole
Nitrites
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
14. Agent with long duration of action and is most likely to cause histamine release
Tubocurarine
Hot flashes
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
15. SE of heparin
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
5- flouracil (5- FU)
C- peptide
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
16. Bisphosphonates that cannot be used on continuous basis because it caused osteomalacia
Etidronate
Baclofen
Seizures
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
17. Antibiotic causing red - man syndrome - and prevention
Labetalol and carvedilol
Vancomycin - infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines
Parathion
Lithium toxicity
18. Used intravenously for acute arrhythmias during surgery
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
Amantadine
Esmolol
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
19. Agent used neutropenia especially after chemotherapy
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
Pancuronium
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
20. Thioamide less likely to cross placenta - inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 in high doses - and should be used with extreme caution in pregnancy
Ribavirin
Selegiline
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.
PTU
21. Antidote used for organophosphate/anticholinesterase poisoning
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
First pass effect
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
Midodrine
22. Synthetic analog of ADH hormone used for diabetes insipidus and nocturnal enuresis
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Carbidopa
Aspirin
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
23. Agent similar to cisplatin - less nephrotoxic - but greater myelosuppression
Aspirin
Ganirelix
Carboplatin
Megaloblastic anemia
24. Antidote for hyperkalemia
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
Digibind
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
25. Mechanisms of action for Phenytoin - Carbamazepine - Lamotrigine
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Sodium channel blockade
Red urine discoloration
26. Antipsychotic having the strongest autonomic effects
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Vasodilation
Methotrexate
Thioridazine
27. Meningitis prophylaxis in exposed patients
Rifampin
Esmolol
Vincristine
Ipratropium
28. Barbiturates decrease the effectiveness of many other drugs via this pharmacokinetics property
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
Dopamine blockade
Tetracycline
29. Agent that inhibits hepatic metabolism - is hepatotoxic and teratogen that can cause neural tube defects and gastrointestinal distress
Zolpidem
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Valproic acid
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
30. Site of action of thiazide diuretics
Acute intermittent porphyria
Agranulocytosis
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
Propoxyphene
31. H2 blocker that causes the most interactions with other drugs
B- blockers
Cimetidine
Classic
Ascending pathways
32. Anti - seizure agent that induces formation of liver drug - metabolism enzymes - is teratogen and can cause craniofacial anomalies and spina bifida
L- asparaginase
Labetalol and carvedilol
Risperidone
Carbamazepine
33. Major route of elimination for Lithium
Fluoxetine
Kidneys
Theophylline
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
34. SE of penicillamine
Zolpidem
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
Aplastic anemia and renal toxicity
35. Major SE of zileuton
Decreased micro and macro vascular disease
Clonazepam
Liver toxicity
Bradykinin
36. Reason ergot alkaloids are contraindicated in pregnancy
Uterine contractions
Phase I
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
37. Major SE of insulin
Digoxin
Phenytoin
Hypoglycemia
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
38. Most dangerous of the currently popular hallucinogenic drugs - OD leads to nystagmus - marked hypertension - and seizures - presence of both horizontal and vertical nystagmus is pathognomonic
Methadone - followed by slow dose reduction
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
Dopamine blockade
PCP
39. Sulfonylurea Not recommended for elderly because of very long half life
Nitroprusside
Potassium channel blockers
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Chlorpropamide
40. The elimination of drug that occurs before it reaches the systemic circulation
Xanthine oxidase
Epinephrine
First pass effect
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
41. Antidote used for iron salt toxicity
Deferoxamine
Sedation
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Labetalol and carvedilol
42. Antidote used in poisonings: copper (Wilson's disease) - lead - mercury - and arsenic
Etidronate
Desflurane
Muscarinic blockers
Penicillamine
43. SE of Aspirin
GI bleeding
Seizures
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Digibind
44. Laboratory value required to be monitored for patients on valproic acid
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45. Cardioselective Beta 1- blockers
Atenolol - acebutolol - and metoprolol
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Cyclobenzaprine
Niacin
46. Tolerance is marked and abstinence syndrome occurs
Amphetamines
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Potential for development of Reye's syndrome
Magnesium sulfate
47. Inhibitor of MAO type B which metabolizes dopamine - used adjunct to levodopa or as sole agent in newly diagnosed patients
Salmeterol
Amantadine
Nitrites
Selegiline
48. MOA of neuroleptics
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
Dopamine blockade
Specificity
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
49. New class of drugs that works by inhibiting absorption of intestinal cholesterol and can be given concurrently with the Statins
Haloperidol or pimozide
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Organic nitrites
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
50. The fraction of administered dose of a drug that reaches systemic circulation
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Bioavailability (F)
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram