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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1, comlex

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Tolerance is marked and abstinence syndrome occurs
Midodrine
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
Amphetamines

2. All antidepressants have roughly the same efficacy in treating depression - agents are chosen based on these criterion
Caffeine
Insulin glargine
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
Leucovorin

3. Non - benzodiazepine used as an anxiolytic
Buspirone
Severe hypertension
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis
Potency

4. Drug causing depletion of substance P (vasodilator)
Ferrous sulfate
Testosterone
Insulin
Capsaicin

5. MOA of nateglinide
Ipodate
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
Drug induced Parkinsonism
Bradykinin and histamine

6. For rebound HTN from rapid clonidine withdrawal
Ascending pathways
Phentolamine
Suramin
Cp

7. PCN active against pseudomonas
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
Carbenicillin - piperacillin and ticarcillin
Vasodilation

8. Product of proinsulin cleavage used to assess insulin abuse
C- peptide
Increased thromboembolic events
SSRIs
Demeclocycline

9. Laboratory value required to be monitored for patients on valproic acid

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10. Anti - viral agents associated with Stephen Johnson syndrome
Constipation - edema - and headache
Islets of Langerhans
Nevirapine - amprenavir
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase

11. MOA of Leflunomide (newer agent)
Carvedilol
Morphine - methadone - meperidine - and fentanyl
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
Lupus - like syndrome

12. Site of action for zaleplon and zolpidem
Adenosine
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
Diphendydramine

13. Antidepressant inhibiting norepinephrine - serotonin - and dopamine reuptake
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
Venlafaxine
Dantrolene
Diazepam

14. First generation sulfonylurea
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.
Odansetron - granisetron
Aspirin
Ezetimibe (Zetia)

15. Most dangerous of the currently popular hallucinogenic drugs - OD leads to nystagmus - marked hypertension - and seizures - presence of both horizontal and vertical nystagmus is pathognomonic
Aminoglutethimide
PCP
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Benzodiazepines and calcium channel blockers

16. Sedative - Hypnotics action
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
Ganirelix
IV and IM (only LMW)
Organic nitrites

17. TCA used in chronic pain - enuresis - and ADD
Imipramine
Buspirone
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)

18. Newer atypical antipsychotics that also improve some of the negative symptoms and help acute agitation
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
Amoxicillin
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity

19. Except for these agents all SSRI have significant inhibition of CytP450 enzymes
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.
Venlafaxine
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram

20. Another pneumonic for anticholinergic toxicity

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21. IV Drug used Hypertensive Crisis
Ferrous sulfate
Nitroprusside
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Low therapeutic index

22. Anticoagulant of choice in pregnancy
Risperidone
Etidronate
Heparin
Clozapine

23. Prevention of cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
Propranolol
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)

24. Thyroxine dose may need to be increased in hypothyroid patient during pregnancy because
Hypoglycemia
Lupus - like syndrome
Atracurium
Estogens increase maternal TBG

25. Agent with zero - order kinetics
Ethanol
Rhabdomyolysis
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Amrinone and milrinone

26. Antidote used for tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Sodium bicarbonate
Nevirapine - amprenavir
Venlafaxine
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively

27. This agent used to treat dry mouth in Sj
Cevimeline
Carboplatin
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Clindamycin

28. Used for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women
Red urine discoloration
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
Clozapine
Dobutamine and dopamine

29. Agent that is teratogen and causes a fetal syndrome
Combination oral contraceptives (OC)
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
Epinephrine - dipivefrin
Ethanol

30. Good hypnotic activity with less CNS SE than most benzodiazepines
Nausea
Pregnancy
Zolpidem - zaleplon
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan

31. SE of spironolactone
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence
Cyclophosphamide
Flumazenil
Ethanol

32. Captopril and enalapril (- OPRIL ending) are
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
Torsades de pointes
ACE inhibitors

33. Used in pediatrics to maintain patency of ductus arteriosis
Penicillamine
Infliximab
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
PGE1

34. Antiestrogen drugs used for fertility and breast cancer respectively
Abstinence syndrome
Nitrous oxide
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Cimetidine

35. 1st generation antihistamine that is least sedating
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
Thioridazine
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists

36. Examples of alpha - glucosidase inhibitors (AGI)
Acarbose - miglitol
Opioid Analgesics
Cyclobenzaprine
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and ototoxicity

37. Opioid antagonist that is given IV and had short DOA
Naloxone
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
Full agonist

38. Inhaled anesthetic with a low blood/gas partition coefficient
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
LSD
Nitrous oxide
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation

39. ABVD regimen used for HD - but appears less likely to cause sterility and secondary malignancies than MOPP
Aspirin - metoprolol
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
Chemical esophagitis
Agranulocytosis

40. Non - benzodiazepine used for sleep
Zolpidem
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
Raloxifene
Olanzapine

41. Inhibitor of MAO type B which metabolizes dopamine - used adjunct to levodopa or as sole agent in newly diagnosed patients
Verapamil
high doses
Selegiline
Ethanol - fomepizole

42. Rapid acting - crystalline zinc insulin used to reverse acute hyperglycemia
Phenoxybenzamine
Calcium channel blockers
Regular (Humulin R)
Paclitaxel (taxol)

43. Route of administration of warfarin
Esmolol
Oral
Full agonist
B- blockers

44. Antidote to reverse actions of heparin
Protamine sulfate
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Disulfiram - like reaction
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

45. Drug that inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase and is used in ethylene glycol exposure
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
Hot flashes
Fomepizole
Increased thromboembolic events

46. Thrombolytics are used for
Bile acid - binding resins
Organic nitrites
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
Disulfiram - like reaction

47. Opioids used in anesthesia
Morphine and fentanyl
Amoxicillin
Quetiapine
Ototoxicity

48. Benzodiazepine with useful relaxant effects in skeletal muscle spasticity of central origin
Physostigmine
Diazepam
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Platelet aggregation inhibition

49. Meglitinide class of drugs
Isoflurane
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Repaglinide
Propranolol

50. Ability to produce less than 100% of the response
Methotrexate
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Partial agonist
inhibits HMG COA reductase