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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Approved for use in severe pulmonary HTN
Naltrexone
Amoxicillin
Hot flashes
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
2. Cholestyramine and colestipol are
Cartilage damage
Bile acid - binding resins
Salmeterol
Dicyclomine - methscopolamine
3. Antipsychotic having the weakest autonomic effects
Cosyntropin
Letrozole - anastrozole
Magnesium sulfate
Haloperidol
4. Dose which is lethal to 50% of the population
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
LD50
Flumazenil
5. MOA of repaglinide
Nephro and ototoxicity
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
Rifampin
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
6. Inversely related to potency of anesthetics
Prinzmetal's angina
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
Raloxifene
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)
7. Antidote for arsenic - mercury - lead - and gold poisoning
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
Dimercaprol
Prilocaine
Amantadine
8. Another pneumonic for anticholinergic toxicity
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9. Drug used for African sleeping sickness
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Radioactive iodine
Nitrous oxide
Suramin
10. 5HT-3 antagonist that has been associated with QRS and QTc prolongation and should not be used in patients with heart disease
Ethanol - fomepizole
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
Dolasetron
11. Dose may need to be increased during pregnancy or with Ocs due to increased TBG in plasma
5- flouracil (5- FU)
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and ototoxicity
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Thyroxine
12. Slightly increased risk of breast cancer - endometrial cancer - heart disease (questionable) - has beneficial effects on bone loss
Beta -1 selective blockers
Estrogen
Hypercalcemia
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
13. Cutaneous flush and be reduced by pretreatment with
Somatostatin
Zileuton
Aspirin
Trazodone
14. Ability to produce less than 100% of the response
Partial agonist
Classic
Beta - blockers
Levodopa
15. Effective in preventing TIA's
Clopidogrel and ticlopidine
Carvedilol
Spironolactone
Propranolol
16. Combined alpha and beta blocking agents that may have application in treatment of CHF
Sermorelin
Phentolamine
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
Labetalol and carvedilol
17. Available bisphosphonates
Procarbazine
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
Positive Comb's test - depression
18. Non - selective Alpha1blockers use to treat pheochromocytoma
Dobutamine
IV administration
Phenoxybenzamine
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
19. Bronchodilation in asthma and COPD
Mannitol
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Ipratropium
Rhabdomyolysis
20. MOA of colchicine (used in acute gout)
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
Hypertensive crisis
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
21. Antidote used for digitalis toxicity
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Mirtazapine
Echothiophate
Specificity
22. Drug used for N. gonorrhea in females
Ceftriaxone
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Prinzmetal's angina
Metronidazole
23. Agent that is teratogen and causes a fetal syndrome
Etidronate
Ethanol
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
Leuprolide
24. Carbamate with intermediate action - used for+A1170 postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
Neostigmine
25. This may enhance activity of local anesthetics
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
Zileuton
Hyperkalemia
Streptokinase
26. Regimen used for breast cancer
Succinylcholine
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
27. Syndrome of hypersecretion of gastric acid and pepsin usually caused by gastrinoma; it is associated with severe peptic ulceration and diarrhea
Hypoglycemia
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Dimercaprol
Calcium channels
28. Thyroxine dose may need to be increased in hypothyroid patient during pregnancy because
Estogens increase maternal TBG
Fluoxetine
SSRI's - bupropion - and venlafaxine
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
29. Used for Addison's disease - Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) - inflammation - allergies - and asthma (as a local inhalation)
Potency
SSRIs
Glucocorticoids
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
30. GnRH agonist used for infertility or different types of CA depending on pulsatile or steady usage respectively
Leuprolide
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence
Hot flashes
Gingival hyperplasia
31. Beta 1 agonist toxicity
Phenobarbital
High therapeutic index
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias
L- dopa
32. Opioid available trans - dermally
Methoxyflurane
Fentanyl
Sodium channel blockade
Acute intermittent porphyria
33. Opioid associated with respiratory depression - but is used in high risk patients who may not survive full general anesthetia
Fentanyl
Hyperprolactinemia - menorrhea - galactorrhea - confusion - mood changes - decreased sexual interest - and weight gain
Halothane
Prednisone
34. DOC for malignant hyperthermia by acting on the sacroplasmic reticulum or skeletal muscle
Dantrolene
Infliximab
St. Anthony's Fire
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
35. The selective agents loose their selectivity at
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
high doses
Inhibits phosphodiesterase -5 - enhancing effects of nitric oxide - activated increases in cGMP
Volume of distribution (VD)
36. Secondary amines that have less sedation and more excitation effect
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
37. MOA of penicillin
Beta - blockers
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Valproic acid
38. Agents for reduction of postpartum bleeding
Arginine
Meperidine
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
Prolonged half - life - up to six weeks
39. Peptide causing increased capillary permeability and edema
Volume of distribution (VD)
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Bradykinin and histamine
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
40. This may antagonize activity of local anesthetics
Hypercalcemia
Amphetamines
Letrozole - anastrozole
GI bleeding
41. Treatment for opioid addiction
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Methadone - followed by slow dose reduction
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
42. Agent used neutropenia especially after chemotherapy
Steroids
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
Anti - inflammatory - analgesia - antipyretic and antiplatelet activity
nephro and ototoxicity
43. Life threatening cardiac event that prolong QT leads to
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
Torsades de pointes
44. These drugs strongly potentiate and prolong effect of neuromuscular blockade (NMB)
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Disulfiram
Estrogen
45. Side effects seen with tricyclic antidepressants
Volume of distribution (VD)
ACE inhibitors
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Vitamin D
46. Long acting beta 2 agonist used in asthma
Cimetidine
Minoxidil
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Salmeterol
47. Class of anti - arrhythmics that has a pro - arrhythmic effect (CAST trial) - therefore are used as last line agents
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
Carbidopa
Midazolam
CNS depressants
48. SE of acetazolamide
Gynecomastia
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Penicillamine
Thrombocytopenia
49. Used for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women
Aspirin
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
Atenolol - acebutolol - and metoprolol
LFT's
50. Somatotropin (GH) analog used in GH deficiency (dwarfism)
Somatrem
Dobutamine and dopamine
Prednisone
Low therapeutic index
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