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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
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comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Anabolic steroid that has potential for abuse
Repaglinide
Dopamine
Phenoxybenzamine
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
2. Opioid available trans - dermally
Zero order kinetics
Fentanyl
Irreversibly blocking cyclooxygenase
Meperidine
3. SE of these drugs include dependence - withdrawal syndrome - sedation - euphoria - respiratory depression nausea and vomiting - constipation - biliary spasm - increased ureteral and bladder tone - and reduction in uterine tone
Nicotine
Abstinence syndrome
Seizures
Opioid Analgesics
4. SE of CCB
Low therapeutic index
Venlafaxine
Aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure
Constipation - edema - and headache
5. Sympathetic agent which stimulates heart rate and can dilate vessels in skeletal muscle at low doses
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
Epinephrine
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
6. Selective Alpha 2 blocker used for impotence (controversial effectiveness)
Dipyridamole
Metronidazole
Yohimbine
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
7. Inhalant anesthetics
Rifampin
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Heparin
8. Vitamin given with calcium to ensure proper absorption
Oral
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Vitamin D
9. Drug ofter used in combination with TNF - alpha inhitors for RA
Vitamin B12
L- asparaginase
Irreversibly blocking cyclooxygenase
Methotrexate
10. Generation of antihistamine that has the most CNS effects
Raloxifene (SERM- selective estrogen receptor modulator)
First generation due to being more lipid - soluble
Fluoxetine (Sarafem)
Vitamin D
11. Proteins that prevent action of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- alpha)
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
Lupus - like syndrome
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
Rescue therapy
12. Methyldopa is contraindicated in
Beta1 agonists
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Cefixime (3rd) generation
13. Contraindications to use of atropine
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Deferoxamine
Infants - closed angle glaucoma - prostatic hypertrophy
14. Nitrate used to prevent further attacks
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Adenosine
B- blockers
Sermorelin
15. Alpha agonist used to produce mydriasis and reduce conjunctival itching and congestion caused by irritation or allergy - it does not cause cycloplegia
Penicillamine
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Phenylephrine
Fluoxetine
16. Drug used in exoerythrocytic cycle of malaria
Primaquine
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
Doxepin
Bile acid - binding resins
17. SE of mirtazapine
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
Full agonist
Cyclophosphamide
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
18. Cutaneous flush and be reduced by pretreatment with
Metformin
Hypoglycemia
Propranolol
Aspirin
19. Window between therapeutic effect and toxic effect
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)
Ethanol
Therapeutic index
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
20. Treatment of resistant pseudomembranous colitis
Platelet aggregation inhibition
Metformin
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
ORAL vancomycin
21. Antidote for salicylate intoxication
Sulfonamides
NSAIDS
Full agonist
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
22. GnRH agonist used for infertility or different types of CA depending on pulsatile or steady usage respectively
Leuprolide
ED50
Enflurane and halothane
Kidneys
23. Effective in preventing TIA's
Iodide salts
Minocycline
St. Anthony's Fire
Clopidogrel and ticlopidine
24. Antidepressants with no effect on BP - no sedation
SSRIs
Amoxicillin
Nephrotoxicity
Minocycline
25. Antidote for digoxin toxicity
Dry cough
Procarbazine
Positive Comb's test - depression
Digibind
26. Drug used for N. gonorrhea in females
Physostigmine
Ceftriaxone
Quetiapine
Haloperidol
27. Antidepressant which is inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes and may be associated with hepatic failure
LFT's
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
Nefazodone
28. Condition will result from in combination of MAOI with tyramine containing foods (ex. wine - cheese - and pickled meats)
Hypertensive crisis
First pass effect
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Fluoxetine
29. Anti - androgen used for hirsutism in females
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
Cyproterone acetate
Lupus - like syndrome
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
30. CCB contraindicated in CHF
Fomepizole
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Verapamil
Mast cell stabilizer
31. DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)
Adenosine
Levodopa
Odansetron - granisetron
Zolpidem - zaleplon
32. Agent used in acutely decompensated CHF resembling natriuretic peptide
Inhibit DNA gyrase
PGE1
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
33. Peptide drug used to treat CHF
Neostigmine
Nesiritide (BNP)
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
Thiopental
34. Beta 2 agonist used to suppress premature labor - but cardiac stimulatory effects may be hazardous to mother and fetus
Infliximab
Terbutaline
Hepatic enzymes
Acetazolamide
35. Type of kinetics when a constant percentage of substrate is metabolized per unit time
PTU
Protease inhibitors
First order kinetics
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
36. Inhibits conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone therefore inhibiting corticosteroid synthesis
Aminoglutethimide
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
prolongs QT and PR interval
Hepatotoxicity
37. Cholestyramine and colestipol are
Norepinephrine and serotonin
High therapeutic index
Bile acid - binding resins
Anterograde amnesia
38. Overdoses of this agent with powerful vasoconstrictive action may result in fatalities from arrhythmias - seizures - respiratory depression - or severe HTN (MI and stroke)
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39. Weak opioid agonist - poor analgesic - its overdose can cause severe toxicity including respiratory depression - circulatory collapse - pulmonary edema - and seizures
Methadone - followed by slow dose reduction
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
Aspirin - Nitrates - CCB - and Beta blockers
Propoxyphene
40. Receptors for serotonin (5HT-1) are located
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Imipramine
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)
41. Inhaled anesthetics are myocardial depressants
Enflurane and halothane
Lepirudin
Timolol
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
42. Selective alpha agonists that decreases aqueous secretion
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Tetracycline
Indomethacin
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
43. Most dangerous of the currently popular hallucinogenic drugs - OD leads to nystagmus - marked hypertension - and seizures - presence of both horizontal and vertical nystagmus is pathognomonic
Rheumatic disease
PCP
Sotalol
Bradykinin
44. Products of Phase II conjugation
Estrogen
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Minoxidil
Minocycline
45. Drug elimination with a constant amount metabolized regardless of drug concentration
Zero order kinetics
Mirtazapine
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity
ACE inhibitors
46. SE of nitrates
Dantrolene
Partial agonist
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
Gingival hyperplasia
47. SE of acetaminophen
Hepatotoxicity
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
Fexofenadine - loratadine - and cetirizine
Ephedrine
48. Enhances dopaminergic neurotransmission SE's include CNS excitation - acute toxic psychosis and livedo reticularis
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Bleeding
Amantadine
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
49. The most important sign of withdrawal syndrome
Thyroid and steroid hormones
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
50. Specific pharmacokinetic characteristic of amiodarone
Prolonged half - life - up to six weeks
Block voltage - dependent sodium channels
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
Paclitaxel (taxol)
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