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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide) - class IB (eg. Lidocaine) - and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics
Pregnancy
Nesiritide (BNP)
Fentanyl
Sodium channel blockers
2. Prostaglandin used in the treatment of impotence
Acetazolamide
Increasing sodium excretion and decreases arterial and venous tone
Valproic acid
Alprostadil
3. SE of alpha blockers
Dry cough
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
4. Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
Cisplatin
Maprotiline
Spironolactone
5. MOA of cisplatin
Alkylating agent
Alprazolam
High therapeutic index
Adenosine
6. 2nd generation antihistamines
SEVERE myelosuppression
Adenosine
Bradykinin
Fexofenadine - loratadine - and cetirizine
7. This agent cause increased aqueous outflow
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Lithium toxicity
Dobutamine and dopamine
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
8. Reduced seizure threshold
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Chlorpropamide
Uterine contractions
9. All opioids except this agent (which has a muscarinic blocking action) cause pupillary constriction
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Meperidine
Flumazenil
Cerebral hemorrhage
10. SE of hydralazine
Lupus - like syndrome
Sodium bicarbonate
Amiodarone
Pralidoxime
11. Antipsychotics that reduce positive symptoms only
Metrifonate
Older antipsychotics
Acetazolamide
Suramin
12. SE of methyldopa
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13. Anti - microbials that cause hemolysis in G6PD- deficient patients
L- asparaginase
First order kinetics
Sulfonamides
Estogens increase maternal TBG
14. MOA of aspirin
Skeletal muscle tremor - tachycardia
Irreversibly blocking cyclooxygenase
Sedation
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
15. SSRI less likely to cause a withdrawal syndrome
Pregnancy
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
Fluoxetine
16. Beta blockers work in CHF by
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
Competitive antagonist
Esmolol
17. Antidote to reverse actions of heparin
Chlorpropamide
Alpha1 agonists
Protamine sulfate
Trazodone
18. Concentration in the plasma times (clearance divided by bioavailability)
Oxidation - reduction - hydrolysis
Fomepizole
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Sedation
19. Chelating agent used in acute iron toxicity
Calcium
Risperidone
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Deferoxamine
20. Agent used to treat MI and to reduce incidence of subsequent MI
Pregnancy
Full agonist
Hyperkalemia
Aspirin - metoprolol
21. Cholinomimetics that increase outflow - open trabecular meshwork - and cause ciliary muscle contraction
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
Potassium channel blockers
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
22. Major SE of bisphosphonates
Allopurinol
nephro and ototoxicity
Phentolamine
Chemical esophagitis
23. SSRI indicated for premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Fluoxetine (Sarafem)
Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime
Volume of distribution (VD)
Potassium channel blockers
24. MOA of class III antiarrhythmics
Potassium channel blockers
Regular (Humulin R)
CNS depressants
Ability to cross the placenta
25. Drug that causes contraction of the uterus
Bradykinin
Oxytocin
Neuroleptanesthesia
Paclitaxel (taxol)
26. Treatment with cancer chemotherapy at high doses every 3-4 weeks - too toxic to be used continuously
Bioavailability (F)
Ipratropium
CNS toxicity
Pulse therapy
27. Drug used supraventricular arrhythmias
Acebutolol - atenolol - esmolol - metoprolol
Digoxin
Arginine
Pregnancy
28. Antidote used for digitalis toxicity
Amrinone and milrinone
Cp
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
29. MOA of nystatin
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Bromocriptine
Propofol
30. Cardioselective Beta 1- blockers
Bradykinin
Atenolol - acebutolol - and metoprolol
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Dopamine
31. Agents that reduce heart rate - contractility - and O2 demand
Beta - blockers
Acute intermittent porphyria
Ability to cross the placenta
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
32. Occurs when sedative hypnotics are used chronically or at high doses
Tolerance
Miosis and constipation
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
Clozapine
33. One depolarizing blocker that causes continuous depolarization and results in muscle relaxation and paralysis - causes muscle pain postoperatively and myoglobinuria may occur
Amitriptyline
Succinylcholine
Amphetamines
Noncompetitive antagonist
34. Alkylating agent - vesicant that causes tissue damage with extravasation
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
AZT (zidovudine)
Mechlorethamine
Prilocaine
35. PTU (propylthiouracil) MOA
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Letrozole - anastrozole
Urinary acidification and activated charcoal or continual nasogastric suction
Leuprolide
36. Drug of choice for generalized anxiety disorder - Not effective in acute anxiety
Irreversibly blocking cyclooxygenase
Calcium channels
Buspirone
Aplastic anemia and renal toxicity
37. A hormone whose MOA utilizes transmembrane receptors
Insulin
Meperidine
Fentanyl
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
38. Selectivity of a drug for its receptor
Metronidazole
Carbidopa
Specificity
Vitamin B12
39. Antidote used for acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
40. These Beta blockers decrease aqueous secretion
Parathion
Sodium bicarbonate
ED50
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
41. Antivirals that are teratogens
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
Testicular cancer
Norepinephrine and serotonin
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
42. Patients being treated with lithium - who are dehydrated - or taking diuretics concurrently - could develop
Leucovorin
Insulin glargine
Lithium toxicity
Midazolam
43. Drug notorious for causing pseudomembranous colitis
Somatostatin
Chemical esophagitis
Somatrem
Clindamycin
44. Anti - Parkinson's drug which increases intraocular pressure and is contraindicated in closed angle glaucoma
Salmeterol
Levodopa
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Nefazodone
45. Agent decreases the excitatory actions of cholinergic neurons. May improve tremor and rigidity but have LITTLE effect on bradykinesia. Atropine - like side effects
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Benztropine
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Nephro and ototoxicity
46. Opioid available trans - dermally
Gingival hyperplasia
Erythropoietin
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Fentanyl
47. Carbamate with intermediate action - used for+A1170 postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
Propofol
Neostigmine
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
Opioid Analgesics
48. Some side effects of corticosteroids
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Nephro and ototoxicity
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
Hepatic
49. All antidepressants have roughly the same efficacy in treating depression - agents are chosen based on these criterion
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Pralidoxime
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
50. This beta blocker lacks local anesthetic activity (a property which decreases protective reflexes and increases the risk of corneal ulceration) and used in treating glaucoma
Ketanserin cyproheptadine - and phenoxybenzamine
Partial agonist
Timolol
Salmeterol