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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. LA causing methemoglobinemia
Nondepolarizing type antagonists
Prilocaine
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
Severe hypertension
2. CCB are DOC for
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3. Most commonly abused in health care professionals
Methoxyflurane
Dimercaprol
Sedation
Heroin - morphine - oxycodone - meperidine and fentanyl
4. SE of long term (>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy
Clozapine
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
Ipodate
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
5. Common SE of spironolactone
Clopidogrel and ticlopidine
Dolasetron
Verapamil
Gynecomastia and hyperkalemia
6. MOA action of cromolyn
Alprazolam
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Mast cell stabilizer
Lithium toxicity
7. Non - benzodiazepine used for sleep
Nausea
Zolpidem
Rhabdomyolysis
Esmolol
8. 3 zones of adrenal cortex and their products
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Protease inhibitors
Agranulocytosis
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
9. Ability to produce less than 100% of the response
Dexrazoxane
Morphine
Reducing preload
Partial agonist
10. Anti - seizure drugs used as alternative drugs for mood stabilization
Dry cough - hyperkalemia
Seizures
Nifurtimox
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
11. Important in muscle and adipose tissue for glucose transport across muscles and TG storage by lipoprotein lipase activation
Leucovorin
Nateglinide
GLUT 4
Hepatic toxicity
12. Uses of bisphosphonates
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13. Drug is used with testosterone for male fertility
Penicillamine
Rescue therapy
increase the FREQUENCY of GABA- mediated chloride ion channel opening
Leuprolide
14. Diuretics work in CHF by
Reducing preload
Mivacurium
Nifedipine
Muscarinic blockers
15. Syndrome of hypersecretion of gastric acid and pepsin usually caused by gastrinoma; it is associated with severe peptic ulceration and diarrhea
Increase the DURATION of GABA- mediated chloride ion channels
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Valproic acid
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
16. Activation of these receptors open K+ ion channels to cause membrane hyperpolarization
LSD
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
ACE inhibitors
Clonidine - and methyldopa
17. Treatments available for nicotine addiction
Imipramine
Calcium
CNS toxicity
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
18. SE of procainamide
GI bleeding
Raloxifene (SERM- selective estrogen receptor modulator)
Lupus - like syndrome
Methotrexate
19. Anti - psychotic not shown to cause tardive dyskinesia
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Disulfiram
Increase the DURATION of GABA- mediated chloride ion channels
Clozapine
20. Except for these agents all SSRI have significant inhibition of CytP450 enzymes
Ability to cross the placenta
Decreased micro and macro vascular disease
Cytomel
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
21. Antidote to reverse actions of heparin
Infliximab
Protamine sulfate
Metrifonate
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
22. This beta blocker is the longest acting
Succinylcholine
Estrogen
REM is decreased
Nadolol
23. Lactam that can be used in PCN allergic patients
Aztreonam
Magnesium sulfate
Potassium channel blockers
5- flouracil (5- FU)
24. Barbiturates may precipitate this hematologic condition
Hydralazine
Acute intermittent porphyria
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
Hydroxychloroquine
25. Technique used to diagnose perianal itching - and the drug used to treat it
Propranolol
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
Angiotensin receptor
Timolol
26. Names of three bisphosphonates available IV
Isoflurane
Raloxifene
Xanthine oxidase
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate
27. Major SE of insulin
Prolongs QT interval
Hypoglycemia
Dextroamphetamines and methamphetamine
Flumazenil
28. Tolerance is marked and abstinence syndrome occurs
Thyroxine
Leuprolide
Constipation - edema - and headache
Amphetamines
29. COX 2 inhibitors may have reduced risk of
Ipodate
Phentolamine
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
30. Side effects seen with tricyclic antidepressants
Carbidopa
Thrombocytopenia
Pindolol and acebutolol
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
31. This step of metabolism makes a drug more hydrophilic and hence augments elimination
Aminocaproic acid
Cartilage damage
Ribavirin
Phase I
32. Dopamine (DA) agonist (for Parkinson's disease) - used also for hyperprolactinemia
Sodium channel blockade
Maprotiline
Beta1 agonists
Bromocriptine
33. Commonly abused LA which has cardiovascular toxicity including severe hypertension with cerebral hemorrhage - cardiac arrhythmias - and myocardial infarction
SSRI's - bupropion - and venlafaxine
Didanosine
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
Cocaine
34. Nitrosoureas with high lipophilicity - used for brain tumors
Amphetamines
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)
Edrophonium
Quetiapine
35. Converts asparagine to aspartate and ammonia - denies cancer cells of essential AA (asparagine)
First order kinetics
L- asparaginase
Platelet aggregation inhibition
Methotrexate
36. Opioid available trans - dermally
Repaglinide
GLUT 2
Fentanyl
Dolasetron
37. These prevent the action of Ach at the skeletal muscle endplate to produce a 'surmountable blockade -' effect is reversed by cholinesterase inhibitors (ex. neostigmine or pyridostigmine)
Nondepolarizing type antagonists
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
Propranolol
38. Hyperglycemic agent that increases cAMP and results in glycogenolysis - gluconeogenesis - reverses hypoglycemia - also used to reverse severe beta - blocker overdose and smooth muscle relaxation
Flutamide (Eulexin)
PTU
Glucagon
Phenytoin
39. Methylxanthine derivative used as a remedy for intermittent claudication
Pentoxifylline
Overdose of opioids
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
40. Beta - blockers should be used cautiously in
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Gynecomastia
Zafirlukast and montelukast
Carvedilol
41. Withdrawal from this drug causes lethargy - irritability - and headache
Fomepizole
Glucagon
Caffeine
Spironolactone
42. Treatment of atropine overdose and glaucoma (because lipid soluable). Enters the CNS rapidly and has a stimulant effect - which may lead to convulsions
Physostigmine
Autocoids
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
Adenosine
43. Common toxicities of cisplatin
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
Cyclobenzaprine
Beta blockers
Nephro and ototoxicity
44. Only member of depolarizing neuromuscular blocker - causes fasciculation during induction and muscle pain after use; has short duration of action
Labetalol and carvedilol
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
Succinylcholine
Indomethacin
45. Sedative - Hypnotics action
Angiotensin receptor
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
Zafirlukast and montelukast
46. MOA of repaglinide
Sumatriptan
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
47. MOA of Leflunomide (newer agent)
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
Clozapine
Dopamine blockade
Imipramine
48. Three C's associated with TCA toxicity
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
49. H1 antagonist used in motion sickness
PCP
Vitamin D
Tissue plasmin activator
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
50. Drug causing depletion of substance P (vasodilator)
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
Sumatriptan
Capsaicin
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
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