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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The fraction of administered dose of a drug that reaches systemic circulation
Allopurinol
Bioavailability (F)
inhibits HMG COA reductase
Clonidine - and methyldopa
2. Peptide causing increased capillary permeability and edema
Bradykinin and histamine
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Nifurtimox
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
3. SE of procainamide
Bleomycin
Cephalosporins
Lupus - like syndrome
Benzodiazepines and calcium channel blockers
4. Tubocurarine is the prototype - pancuronium - atracurium - vecuronium are newer short acting agent - produce competitive block at end plate nicotinic receptor - causing flaccid paralysis
ACE inhibitors
Clozapine
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
Respiratory failure
5. Cephalosporin causes kernicterus in neonates
Hydroxychloroquine
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime
Chlorpropamide
6. Cholestyramine and colestipol are
Bile acid - binding resins
increase the FREQUENCY of GABA- mediated chloride ion channel opening
Bradykinin
Flutamide (Eulexin)
7. Blows DNA (breaks DNA strands) - limiting SE is pulmonary fibrosis
Spironolactone
Gynecomastia
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
Bleomycin
8. Agent used in drug therapy of Parkinson's instead of Dopamine which has low bioavailability and does not cross the BBB
Fluoxetine
Halothane
Leuprolide
L- dopa
9. Another pneumonic for anticholinergic toxicity
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10. Drug notorious for causing pseudomembranous colitis
EOS
Didanosine
Clindamycin
B- blockers
11. Non - depolarizing skeletal muscle antagonist that has short duration
Mivacurium
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Agranulocytosis
12. Specific pharmacokinetic characteristic of amiodarone
Cyproterone acetate
Prolonged half - life - up to six weeks
Cyproheptadine
Metronidazole
13. Concurrent use of fibrates and statins increases risk of
Labetalol and carvedilol
Rhabdomyolysis
Atropine
Diclofenac - ketoralac
14. Opioid available trans - dermally
Fentanyl
Buspirone
Pramipexole and ropinirole
L- dopa
15. Treatment for opioid addiction
Ketanserin cyproheptadine - and phenoxybenzamine
Phenobarbital
Aspirin - metoprolol
Methadone - followed by slow dose reduction
16. Allopurinol treats chronic gout by decreasing uric acid production by inhibiting
Deferoxamine
Xanthine oxidase
Amoxicillin
Lithium toxicity
17. Examples of alpha - glucosidase inhibitors (AGI)
Acarbose - miglitol
Atracurium
prolongs QT and PR interval
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
18. Side effects seen with tricyclic antidepressants
Vincristine
Methadone
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Valproic acid
19. Vancomycin MOA
Torsades de pointes
Aminocaproic acid
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Hypoglycemia
20. These beta blockers are less lipid soluble
inhibit phospholipase A2
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
Acebutolol and atenolol
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
21. Enzyme that metabolizes acetaldehyde to acetate
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
CNS stimulation; GI upset
Theophylline
22. Antiarrhythmic that exhibits Class II and III properties
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Sotalol
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Nevirapine - amprenavir
23. MOA of penicillin
GLUT 4
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
Anterograde amnesia
Nitrous oxide
24. Agent used for anemias associated with renal failure
Rheumatic disease
Bleomycin
First order kinetics
Erythropoietin
25. Neurologic SE of benzodiazepines
Steady state
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
Anterograde amnesia
26. Synthetic analog of ADH hormone used for diabetes insipidus and nocturnal enuresis
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Infliximab
Carvedilol
Prostaglandin PGF2a
27. Treatments available for nicotine addiction
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
Entacapone and Tolcapone
Nephrotoxicity
Specificity
28. All antidepressants have roughly the same efficacy in treating depression - agents are chosen based on these criterion
Cyproterone acetate
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
Dopamine blockade
Lithium
29. Beta 1 agonist toxicity
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Venlafaxine
Tissue plasmin activator
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias
30. Used for Addison's disease - Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) - inflammation - allergies - and asthma (as a local inhalation)
Glucocorticoids
Thioridazine
Dimercaprol
SSRI's - bupropion - and venlafaxine
31. Agent that inhibits alcohol dyhydrogenase and its clinical use
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
32. Antidote used for heparin overdose
Magnesium sulfate
Rescue therapy
Protamine
Ferrous sulfate
33. Longer acting local anesthetics which are less dependent on vasoconstrictors
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
Halothane
Propranolol
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
34. Drugs available in combination with metformin
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
Lithium
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
35. Angiotensin receptor blockers do Not cause
Dry cough
Decrease arterial blood pressure
Marijuana
Amphetamines
36. One depolarizing blocker that causes continuous depolarization and results in muscle relaxation and paralysis - causes muscle pain postoperatively and myoglobinuria may occur
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Estrogen
Succinylcholine
37. Inhibit synaptic activity of primary afferents and spinal cord pain transmission neurons
Ascending pathways
Clindamycin
Indirectly increase intracellular calcium and cardiac contractility by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase
ACE inhibitors
38. Agent to treat hypochromic microcytic anemias
Glucagon
Ferrous sulfate
Bleomycin
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
39. Agent more frequently associated with extrapyramidal side effects that can be treated with benzodiazepine - diphenhydramine or muscarinic blocker
Fluoxetine (Sarafem)
Nifurtimox
Physostigmine
Haloperidol
40. SE of ergot alkaloids
CNS toxicity
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
Diphendydramine
Rifampin - Isoniazid - Pyrazinamide - and Ethambutol
41. SE of long term (>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy
Halothane
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Beta -1 selective blockers
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
42. Oral antibiotic of choice for moderate inflammatory acne
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis
Minocycline
Dry cough
Low therapeutic index
43. CCB contraindicated in CHF
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Buprenorphine
Verapamil
44. Antidote useful for some drug induced Torsade de pointes
Sodium channel blockade
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
Magnesium sulfate
Tinnitus - GI bleeding
45. May protect against doxorubicin toxicity by scavenging free radicals
Prilocaine
Dexrazoxane
Calcium channel blockers
Potential for development of Reye's syndrome
46. Anti - Parkinson's drug which increases intraocular pressure and is contraindicated in closed angle glaucoma
Levodopa
Epinephrine
Primaquine
Zileuton
47. Opioid associated with respiratory depression - but is used in high risk patients who may not survive full general anesthetia
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Increasing afterload and tissue perfusion declines
Fentanyl
Dopamine
48. SelectiveB1 Receptor blockers that may be useful in treating patients even though they have asthma
Acebutolol - atenolol - esmolol - metoprolol
Anti - inflammatory - analgesia - antipyretic and antiplatelet activity
Tetrabenazine (amine depleting drug) - Haloperidol (antipsychotic)
Seizures
49. SE of salicylates
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
Baclofen
Methadone - followed by slow dose reduction
Tinnitus - GI bleeding
50. Fibrates are contraindicated in
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
EOS
Cytomel
Pregnancy