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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ability to produce less than 100% of the response
First pass effect
Trazodone
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
Partial agonist
2. Irreversible - nonselective COX inhibitor
Isoflurane
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Aspirin
3. Antidepressant which is inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes and may be associated with hepatic failure
Nefazodone
Streptokinase
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Flumazenil
4. This may enhance activity of local anesthetics
Methotrexate
Amphetamines
Acute intermittent porphyria
Hyperkalemia
5. Site of action of thiazide diuretics
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
L- asparaginase
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
6. Drug notorious for causing pseudomembranous colitis
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
Increasing sodium excretion and decreases arterial and venous tone
Clindamycin
Hepatic toxicity
7. Antidepressants with no effect on BP - no sedation
SSRIs
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Nephro and ototoxicity
Zero order kinetics
8. Concurrent use of fibrates and statins increases risk of
Cytomel
GLUT 4
Rhabdomyolysis
5- flouracil (5- FU)
9. Aspirin reduces mortality in unstable angina by
GFR
Platelet aggregation inhibition
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Dantrolene
10. Agent used to treat MI and to reduce incidence of subsequent MI
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Aspirin - metoprolol
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
11. Newer NSAID that selectively inhibits COX-2
Naloxone (IV) - naltrexone (PO)
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
Digibind
Celecoxib
12. State of analgesia and amnesia produced when fentanyl is used with droperidol and nitrous oxide
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
Amoxicillin
Clozapine
Neuroleptanesthesia
13. DOC for herpes and its MOA
Physostigmine
Penicillamine
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
14. Inhaled anesthetic causes peripheral vasodilation
Testosterone
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
Isoflurane
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
15. Toxicity of anticholinergics
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation
Positive Comb's test - depression
Insulin
Nitrous oxide
16. Can be effective for short term therapy of thyroid storm - but after several weeks of therapy causes an exacerbation of hyperthyroidism
Beta blockers
Iodide salts
Urinary acidification and activated charcoal or continual nasogastric suction
high doses
17. Drug causing depletion of substance P (vasodilator)
Capsaicin
High therapeutic index
Midodrine
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
18. Reason benzos are used cautiously in pregnancy
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
Somatrem
Ability to cross the placenta
Hydralazine
19. Treatment for TB patients (think RIPE)
Rifampin - Isoniazid - Pyrazinamide - and Ethambutol
Clindamycin
Calcium
Cosyntropin
20. Toxicity of these agents include bradycardia - AV blockade - exacerbation of acute CHF; signs of hypoglycemia may be masked (tachycardia - tremor - and anxiety)
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
GABA- related targets
Beta blockers
21. Anti - biotic frequently used for chronic UTI prophylaxis
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Antithrombin 3
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
22. MOA of class III antiarrhythmics
Potassium channel blockers
Trazodone
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Corticosteroids
23. MOA of metformin
Nadolol
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity
Propranolol
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
24. This agent has greater affinity for muscarinic receptors and used for postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
Seizures
Lupus - like syndrome
Demeclocycline
Bethanechol
25. Warfarin is contraindicated in
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Pregnancy
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
26. Common SE of tamoxifen and raloxifene
Hot flashes
Demeclocycline
Bradykinin
Retinal destruction and dermatitis
27. Local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive property - favored for head - neck - and pharyngeal surgery
Glucocorticoids
Constipation - edema - and headache
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
Cocaine
28. Antiestrogen drugs used for fertility and breast cancer respectively
Haloperidol or pimozide
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Inhibits phosphodiesterase -5 - enhancing effects of nitric oxide - activated increases in cGMP
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
29. Agent having no effect on D2 receptors - blocks D4 - reserved for resistant schizophrenia - and can cause fatal agranulocytosis
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Albuterol
Tinnitus - GI bleeding
Clozapine
30. Benzodiazepine used adjunctively in anesthesia
Atracurium
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Midazolam
Dolasetron
31. Anti - viral with a dose limiting toxicity of pancreatitis
Nitroprusside
Didanosine
Benztropine
Ketoralac
32. 2nd generation antihistamines
Cytomel
Fexofenadine - loratadine - and cetirizine
Oxidation - reduction - hydrolysis
Opioid Analgesics
33. One depolarizing blocker that causes continuous depolarization and results in muscle relaxation and paralysis - causes muscle pain postoperatively and myoglobinuria may occur
Tizanidine
PGE1
Succinylcholine
Glucagon
34. Selective Alpha -1A blocker - used for BPH - but with little effect on HTN
Amiodarone
Aplastic anemia and renal toxicity
Rifampin
Tamsulosin
35. Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used for prevention of osteoporosis and prophylaxis in women with risk factors for breast cancer
Protamine
Raloxifene
Beta1 agonists
Efficacy
36. SE of long term (>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Malathion
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
37. The most frequent cause of acute deaths in cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity
Ketamine
Ultralente (humulin U)
Nadolol
Respiratory failure
38. Epinephrine is often mixed with a local anesthetic to
Serotonin syndrome
Methotrexate
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Angiotensin receptor
39. Antidote used for heparin overdose
GI bleeding
Protamine
Arginine
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
40. Bisphosphonates that cannot be used on continuous basis because it caused osteomalacia
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
Cimetidine
Etidronate
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
41. Sedative - Hypnotics action
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime
Dantrolene
42. Peakless ling acting insulin
Additive CNS depression
Insulin glargine
Volume of distribution (VD)
Nesiritide (BNP)
43. Alpha 1 agonist toxicity
Parathion
Acarbose
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Hypertension
44. Moderate opioid agonists
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly
Sodium channel blockers
Corticosteroids
45. Drugs of choice for generalized tonic - clonic and partial seizures
Potassium channel blockers
ED50
Etidronate
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
46. Selective Alpha 2 blocker used for impotence (controversial effectiveness)
Yohimbine
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Potassium channel blockers
Valproic acid
47. Reason ergot alkaloids are contraindicated in pregnancy
Peripheral neuropathy (also excessive alcohol use is associated with HTN - anemia - and MI)
EOS
Uterine contractions
Lithium toxicity
48. Thrombolytic used for acute MI and ischemic (non hemorrhagic) CVA
Muscarinic blockers
Etidronate
Epinephrine
Tissue plasmin activator
49. Drug used in ergot alkaloids overdose - ischemia and gangrene
Rescue therapy
Protamine
Cyclophosphamide
Nitroprusside
50. These drugs strongly potentiate and prolong effect of neuromuscular blockade (NMB)
Leucovorin
Midodrine
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Hepatic