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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Drug notorious for causing pseudomembranous colitis
Venlafaxine
Clindamycin
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Erythromycin
2. Agent that inhibits hepatic metabolism - is hepatotoxic and teratogen that can cause neural tube defects and gastrointestinal distress
Zafirlukast and montelukast
Valproic acid
Leuprolide
Cardiac dysfunction - photosensitivity - skin (blue smurf syndrome) - Pulmonary fibrosis - thyroid and corneal deposits
3. Interferes with activity of T- lymphocytes
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
SSRI's - bupropion - and venlafaxine
Hydroxychloroquine
4. Pneumonic for beta receptors
Cosyntropin
Hyperkalemia
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)
Alkylating agent
5. SE of beta blockers
Cytomel
Fentanyl
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)
6. Drugs of choice for generalized tonic - clonic and partial seizures
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
Acetazolamide
7. Biguanide
Tamoxifen
Lupus - like syndrome
Ketoralac
Metformin
8. Blows DNA (breaks DNA strands) - limiting SE is pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Atropine
9. Structurally related to acetylcholine - used to produce muscle paralysis in order to facilitate surgery or artifical ventilation. Full doses lead to respiratory paralysis and require ventilation
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Buspirone
Radioactive iodine
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
10. Non - steroidal estrogen agonist causes clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina in daughters of women who used it during pregnancy
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
Gabapentin
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
C- peptide
11. Antivirals associated with neutropenia
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Aminocaproic acid
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
12. Strength of interaction between drug and its receptor
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Older antipsychotics
Affinity
CNS stimulation; GI upset
13. The selective agents loose their selectivity at
Ketanserin cyproheptadine - and phenoxybenzamine
Lepirudin
high doses
Glucagon
14. Primary endogenous substrate for Nitric Oxidase Synthase
Amphetamines
Arginine
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Valproic acid
15. Beta blockers are used for which type of anginal attack
Tertiary amines
Increasing afterload and tissue perfusion declines
Haloperidol
Classic
16. Limiting adverse effect of ganglion blockade that patients usually are unable to tolerate
Severe hypertension
Tertiary amines
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
17. Used intranasally and decreases bone resorption
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
Radioactive iodine
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
18. This beta blocker is the longest acting
Testicular cancer
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Deferoxamine
Nadolol
19. Life threatening cardiac event that prolong QT leads to
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Torsades de pointes
Calcium
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
20. Pneumonic for 3 zones of adrenal cortex
GFR
prolongs QT and PR interval
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
21. Drug used in cancer therapy causes Cushing - like symptoms
Prednisone
Mirtazapine
Arginine
Spironolactone
22. Amount of drug necessary to elicit a biologic effect; refers to the drug's strength
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
SEVERE myelosuppression
Potency
Chemical esophagitis
23. For rebound HTN from rapid clonidine withdrawal
Phentolamine
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
Gingival hyperplasia
Reduce aqueous secretion
24. These LA's have surface activity
Liver toxicity
Cocaine and benzocaine
None
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity
25. Treatment of myasthenia gravis
Estogens increase maternal TBG
Pyridostigmine
Sermorelin
Haloperidol
26. Barbiturates decrease the effectiveness of many other drugs via this pharmacokinetics property
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Acarbose - miglitol
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
27. MOA of general anesthetics
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure
Ipratropium
Most are thought to act at GABA- A receptor - chloride channel
28. Most inhaled anesthetics SE
Dantrolene
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
Ethanol or fomepizole
Decrease arterial blood pressure
29. H2 blocker that causes the most interactions with other drugs
Lupus - like syndrome
Labetalol and carvedilol
Cimetidine
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
30. During Phase I these agents worsen muscle paralysis by succinylcholine - but during phase II they reverse the blockade produced by succinylcholine
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Amphetamines
Beta blockers
6- mercaptopurine (6- MP)
31. Drug causes teeth discoloration
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
Tetracycline
Increasing sodium excretion and decreases arterial and venous tone
32. MOA of drug or foods (grapefruit juice) that increase statin effect
Ganirelix
Aplastic anemia and renal toxicity
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
Alprostadil
33. Treatment of motion sickness
Meperidine
Scopolamine - meclizine
ORAL vancomycin
Minocycline
34. Antiprogestin used as potent antagonist of GC receptor
Naloxone
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
Mifepristone
'On - off - phenomenon'
35. Neurologic SE of benzodiazepines
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Anterograde amnesia
Somatrem
Nifurtimox
36. Antidote for tissue plasminogen activator (t - PA) - streptokinase
Bradykinin and histamine
Echothiophate
Raloxifene
Aminocaproic acid
37. Amino acid derivative - active as an insulin secretagogue
Osteoporosis - Paget's disease - and osteolytic bone lesions - and hypercalcemia from malignancy
Mivacurium
Cyclobenzaprine
Nateglinide
38. Agent used for megaloblastic anemia (but does Not reverse neurologic symptoms) and decrease neural tube defects during pregnancy
Risperidone
Clozapine
Folic acid
Nevirapine - amprenavir
39. Reason benzos are used cautiously in pregnancy
Esmolol
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
Ability to cross the placenta
Oxidation - reduction - hydrolysis
40. Causes bone marrow suppression
Increases concentration of Digoxin
Sermorelin
Methotrexate
Dimercaprol - EDTA
41. Except for these agents all SSRI have significant inhibition of CytP450 enzymes
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Arteries and veins
St. Anthony's Fire
Potassium channel blockers
42. Dose which is lethal to 50% of the population
Ipratropium
LD50
Tetrabenazine (amine depleting drug) - Haloperidol (antipsychotic)
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
43. Opioids used in anesthesia
Bradykinin and histamine
Hot flashes
Carbamazepine
Morphine and fentanyl
44. SE of ergot alkaloids
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
Hypokalemia
Clindamycin
Nephrotoxicity
45. Longer acting benzodiazepines used in the management of withdrawal states of alcohol and other drugs
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
Acarbose
Bromocriptine
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
46. Metronidazole SE if given with alcohol
Metformin
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and ototoxicity
Lupus - like syndrome
Disulfiram - like reaction
47. Aspirin reduces mortality in unstable angina by
Platelet aggregation inhibition
Sumatriptan
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
48. Beta 1 agonists used in acute CHF
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Dobutamine and dopamine
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Hypokalemia
49. Enhances dopaminergic neurotransmission SE's include CNS excitation - acute toxic psychosis and livedo reticularis
Cytomel
Amantadine
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Dexamethasone suppression test
50. Agents may exacerbate tardive dyskinesias (may be irreversible and there is no treatment)
Dipyridamole
Muscarinic blockers
CNS toxicity
None