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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1, comlex

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Antidepressant with MOA as alpha 2 antagonist - has effects on both 5- HT and NE - blocks histamine receptors - and is sedating
Olanzapine
Mirtazapine
Methotrexate
Morphine - methadone - meperidine - and fentanyl

2. Non - selective Beta - blocker also used for migraine prophylaxis
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Propranolol
Demeclocycline

3. Blows DNA (breaks DNA strands) - limiting SE is pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Phentolamine
Mast cell stabilizer

4. Anti - seizure drugs used as alternative drugs for mood stabilization
Nitrous oxide
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Hypertrichosis
Beta1 agonists

5. Non - steroidal estrogen agonist causes clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina in daughters of women who used it during pregnancy
Efficacy
Acarbose
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine

6. SE of Amiodarone
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Parathion
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
Cardiac dysfunction - photosensitivity - skin (blue smurf syndrome) - Pulmonary fibrosis - thyroid and corneal deposits

7. Prevents thrombosis in patients with artificial heart valve
B- blockers
Dipyridamole
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome

8. SE of OCs
Isoflurane
Cyproterone acetate
Increased thromboembolic events
Imipramine

9. Antidote used for iron salt toxicity
Deferoxamine
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam

10. Most important toxic effects of most local anesthetics
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
CNS toxicity
Specificity
PCP

11. Selective Alpha 2 blocker used for impotence (controversial effectiveness)
Yohimbine
Dexamethasone suppression test
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Full agonist

12. Toxicity caused by nitroprusside and treatment
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Sulfasalazine
high doses
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures

13. Proteins that prevent action of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- alpha)
Aztreonam
Respiratory failure
Yohimbine
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept

14. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors are contraindicated in
Dicyclomine - methscopolamine
Pregnancy
Alprostadil
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone

15. Antidote used for cyanide poisoning
Inhibits phosphodiesterase -5 - enhancing effects of nitric oxide - activated increases in cGMP
Nitrites
Entacapone and Tolcapone
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)

16. These agents decrease blood flow or increase blood pressure - are local decongestants - and used in therapy of spinal shock (temporary maintenance of blood pressure which may help maintain perfusion
Alpha1 agonists
Acetazolamide
Carbidopa
Calcium

17. SE of lithium
Thyroxine
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
Calcium
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus

18. Most dangerous of the currently popular hallucinogenic drugs - OD leads to nystagmus - marked hypertension - and seizures - presence of both horizontal and vertical nystagmus is pathognomonic
Hydroxychloroquine
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
Tamsulosin
PCP

19. SE of acetazolamide
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Vancomycin - infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines
Risperidone

20. Inhaled anesthetics are myocardial depressants
Sumatriptan
Amantadine
Enflurane and halothane
Buspirone

21. Agents used in Huntington's Disease
Salmeterol
Retinal destruction and dermatitis
Tetrabenazine (amine depleting drug) - Haloperidol (antipsychotic)
Leuprolide

22. Inhibitors of CYP450
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Torsades de pointes
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)

23. The most toxic organophosphate
pregnancy and with K+
Lithium toxicity
Parathion
Sodium channel blockers

24. Antidote used for heparin overdose
Protamine
Streptomycin
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Acute intermittent porphyria

25. SE of penicillamine
Dexrazoxane
GABA- related targets
Trazodone
Aplastic anemia and renal toxicity

26. DOC to treat chemo - induced nausea and vomiting
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Odansetron
Oral
St. Anthony's Fire

27. Chronic high dose abuse of nicotine leads to
Aminocaproic acid
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Fluoxetine (Sarafem)
Lepirudin

28. The elimination of drug that occurs before it reaches the systemic circulation
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
First pass effect
Leuprolide
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase

29. Atropine fever is the most dangerous effect and can be lethal in this population group
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Infants
PCP
Noncompetitive antagonist

30. GnRH agonist used for infertility or different types of CA depending on pulsatile or steady usage respectively
Timolol
Penicillamine
Leuprolide
Metrifonate

31. What do delta cells in the pancreas produce?
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Thioridazine
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Somatostatin

32. Tolerance is marked and abstinence syndrome occurs
Amphetamines
Therapeutic index
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone

33. Clinical response that may fluctuate in tx of Parkinson's dx

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34. Cholinomimetics that increase outflow - open trabecular meshwork - and cause ciliary muscle contraction
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Rebound HTN - sedation - dry mouth
Monamine oxidase inhibitors

35. Relates the amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration
Volume of distribution (VD)
Aspirin - metoprolol
Naloxone
Acetazolamide

36. This agent may cause more severe - rapid and intense symptoms to a recovering addict
Pancuronium
Caffeine
Naloxone
Combination oral contraceptives (OC)

37. MOA for Ethosuximide
Calcium channels
Vitamin B12
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
Esmolol

38. Benzodiazepine with useful relaxant effects in skeletal muscle spasticity of central origin
Diazepam
Serotonin syndrome
Vincristine
Hypertensive crisis

39. Available bisphosphonates
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
L- dopa
Diphendydramine
GLUT 4

40. During Phase I these agents worsen muscle paralysis by succinylcholine - but during phase II they reverse the blockade produced by succinylcholine
Risperidone
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
GABA- related targets
Cholinesterase inhibitors

41. Presynaptic Alpha 2 agonist used in HTN - and acts centrally
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.
Tinnitus - GI bleeding
Infliximab
Clonidine - and methyldopa

42. Technique used to diagnose perianal itching - and the drug used to treat it
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
Hypertrichosis
Nitrites

43. Neurotoxicity with isoniazid (INH) prevented by
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
Ganciclovir
Hypertrichosis
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias

44. NSAID that is used for acute condition - such as pre - op anesthesia and has limited duration (<5 days) of use due to nephrotoxicity
Ketoralac
Echothiophate
Pregnancy
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents

45. Drug used for African sleeping sickness
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia
Suramin
Thiopental
Anterograde amnesia

46. Inhaled anesthetic causes peripheral vasodilation
Isoflurane
Glucocorticoids
Valproic acid
Mivacurium

47. Well - tolerated and are first - line antidepressants

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48. Newer estrogen receptor antagonist used in advanced breast cancer
CNS toxicity
Toremifene (Fareston)
Octreotide
Carbenicillin - piperacillin and ticarcillin

49. Inhalant anesthetics
Hydralazine
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel

50. Side effect of sotalol
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
prolongs QT and PR interval
Estrogen
Fentanyl