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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Thrombolytics are used for
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
Propoxyphene
Hydralazine
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
2. Anti - seizure drugs used also for bipolar affective disorder (BAD)
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Drug induced Parkinsonism
Valproic acid - carbamazepine - phenytoin and gabapentin
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
3. Treatment for TB patients (think RIPE)
High therapeutic index
IV administration
Rifampin - Isoniazid - Pyrazinamide - and Ethambutol
Haloperidol
4. Side effect of Mitomycin
6- mercaptopurine (6- MP)
SEVERE myelosuppression
Caffeine
inhibits HMG COA reductase
5. Concentration in the plasma times (clearance divided by bioavailability)
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Lithium toxicity
Interferon alpha
Pregnancy
6. Usual time needed for full effect of antidepressant therapy
Penicillamine
2 to 3 weeks
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Indomethacin
7. SelectiveB1 Receptor blockers that may be useful in treating patients even though they have asthma
Naloxone
Acebutolol - atenolol - esmolol - metoprolol
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Glucagon
8. Cholestyramine and colestipol are
Cocaine and benzocaine
Haloperidol
Bile acid - binding resins
Adenosine
9. DOC for CMV retinitis
Suramin
Ganciclovir
Physostigmine
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
10. Most widely used thyroid drugs such as Synthroid and Levoxyl contain
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
L- thyroxine (T4)
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
11. Anti - seizure drugs used as alternative drugs for mood stabilization
Repaglinide
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Infants
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
12. MOA of Bisphosphonates
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Demeclocycline
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
13. Short acting glucocorticoids
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Isoflurane
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
14. System that increases in activity with chronic ethanol exposure and may contribute to tolerance
Autocoids
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
St. Anthony's Fire
EOS
15. Activation of these receptors close Ca2+ ion channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia
Cytomel
16. Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX
Decreased micro and macro vascular disease
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
Odansetron
NSAIDS
17. Mechanisms of action for Phenytoin - Carbamazepine - Lamotrigine
Magnesium sulfate
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
Sodium channel blockade
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
18. Two toxicities of aminoglycosides
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Log - kill hypothesis
nephro and ototoxicity
Lepirudin
19. Presynaptic Alpha 2 agonist used in HTN - and acts centrally
Skeletal muscle tremor - tachycardia
Organic nitrites
Pregnancy
Clonidine - and methyldopa
20. These prevent the action of Ach at the skeletal muscle endplate to produce a 'surmountable blockade -' effect is reversed by cholinesterase inhibitors (ex. neostigmine or pyridostigmine)
Nondepolarizing type antagonists
Primaquine
Miosis and constipation
N- acetylcysteine
21. NSAID contraindicated in gout
Scopolamine - meclizine
Bradykinin
Nitrous oxide
Aspirin
22. Four main actions of NSAIDS
Lupus - like syndrome
Anti - inflammatory - analgesia - antipyretic and antiplatelet activity
CNS depressants
Naltrexone
23. Barbiturates decrease the effectiveness of many other drugs via this pharmacokinetics property
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
Buspirone
24. Ergot alkaloid used as an illicit drug
Leucovorin
Reduce aqueous secretion
LSD
Valproic acid
25. Another pneumonic for anticholinergic toxicity
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26. MOA of repaglinide
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
Abstinence syndrome
Constipation - edema - and headache
27. Only phenothiazine not exerting antiemetic effects - can cause visual impairment due to retinal deposits - and high doses have been associated with ventricular arrhythmias
Minocycline
Thioridazine
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
28. Except for these agents all SSRI have significant inhibition of CytP450 enzymes
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
Acetazolamide
Uterine contractions
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
29. Vascular effects of metformin
Calcium channel blockers
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
Toremifene (Fareston)
Decreased micro and macro vascular disease
30. Prostaglandins that cause abortions
Ferrous sulfate
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
Ipodate
31. 2nd generation antihistamines
Indirectly increase intracellular calcium and cardiac contractility by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase
Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime
Ganciclovir
Fexofenadine - loratadine - and cetirizine
32. Enzyme that metabolizes acetaldehyde to acetate
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Selegiline
33. Beta 2 agonist toxicity
Albuterol
Tertiary amines
Increasing sodium excretion and decreases arterial and venous tone
Skeletal muscle tremor - tachycardia
34. Antibiotic causing red - man syndrome - and prevention
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Tolerance
Vancomycin - infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines
35. Drug of choice for generalized anxiety disorder - Not effective in acute anxiety
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
Flumazenil
Buspirone
IV administration
36. Weak opioid agonist - poor analgesic - its overdose can cause severe toxicity including respiratory depression - circulatory collapse - pulmonary edema - and seizures
Propoxyphene
Amphetamines
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Venlafaxine
37. Anticoagulant of choice in pregnancy
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Dopamine
Cocaine
Heparin
38. Antidote used for organophosphate/anticholinesterase poisoning
lispro insulin - aspart insulin - glulisine insulin
C- peptide
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Dantrolene
39. Site of action of loop diuretics
Entacapone and Tolcapone
Thick ascending limb
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Red urine discoloration
40. MOA of both generations
Thyroid and steroid hormones
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Heparin
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
41. Most common SE of fibrates
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Nausea
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Ribavirin
42. Newer atypical antipsychotics that also improve some of the negative symptoms and help acute agitation
Bromocriptine
Thiopental
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
Potential for development of Reye's syndrome
43. Chronic high dose abuse of nicotine leads to
Autocoids
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
Methoxyflurane
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
44. Anti - rheumatic agent also used for ulcerative colitis
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
Cocaine
Sulfasalazine
45. Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity
Primaquine
N- acetylcysteine
Nateglinide
Sedation
46. Clinical uses of these agents include treatment of HTN - angina - arrhythmias - chronic CHF - and selected post MI patients
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
Lipoprotein lipase
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
Beta blockers
47. Non - benzodiazepine used for sleep
Caffeine
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Gingival hyperplasia
Zolpidem
48. COX 2 inhibitors should be used cautiously in pts with
Thioridazine
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
Cutaneous flush
49. MOA of class III antiarrhythmics
Penicillamine
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Potassium channel blockers
Clomipramine
50. Beta 1 agonists used in acute CHF
Dobutamine and dopamine
IV and IM (only LMW)
Flumazenil
Vincristine