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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
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comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Most important potential SE of metformin
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
Classic
Dopamine
Lactic acidosis
2. Enzyme that metabolizes acetaldehyde to acetate
Sedation
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Prednisone
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
3. DOC for status epilepticus
Estogens increase maternal TBG
Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime
Vincristine
Diazepam
4. SE of CCB
LFT's
Efficacy
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
Constipation - edema - and headache
5. Opioid available trans - dermally
Nitroprusside
Sulfonamides
Fentanyl
Magnesium sulfate
6. Anti - viral agents associated with Stephen Johnson syndrome
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Nevirapine - amprenavir
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Beta - blockers such as propranolol
7. Antivirals that are teratogens
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
Log - kill hypothesis
Thioridazine
Prednisone
8. Anti - seizure drugs used also for Trigeminal neuralgia
Ortho - Evra
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
Naloxone
Carbamazepine
9. SE of amrinone
Tetracycline
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
Thrombocytopenia
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
10. Anti - androgen used for hirsutism in females
Cyproterone acetate
Bromocriptine
Hot flashes
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
11. MOA for benzodiazepines and barbiturates
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
Nitroprusside
Half - life (T1/2)
GABA- related targets
12. Except for these agents all SSRI have significant inhibition of CytP450 enzymes
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Hydralazine
Aspirin
Clozapine
13. Difference between aspirin and other NSAIDS
Reduce aqueous secretion
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
14. Drug increases the renal clearance hence decreases levels of lithium
Acetazolamide
Aspirin - Nitrates - CCB - and Beta blockers
Dipyridamole
Theophylline
15. Only direct acting agent that is very lipid soluble and used in glaucoma
Phentolamine
Aspirin
Pilocarpine
Aplastic anemia and renal toxicity
16. DOC for malignant hyperthermia that may be caused by use of halogenated anesthetics
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
Dantrolene
17. Laboratory value required to be monitored for patients on valproic acid
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18. Block glycoprotein IIb/IIIa involved in platelet cross - linking
Phenoxybenzamine
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
Procarbazine
19. Side effects occuring in antipsychotics that block dopamine
Tetracycline
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Mifepristone
Hyperprolactinemia - menorrhea - galactorrhea - confusion - mood changes - decreased sexual interest - and weight gain
20. Agent used for megaloblastic anemia (but does Not reverse neurologic symptoms) and decrease neural tube defects during pregnancy
Succinylcholine
Regular (Humulin R)
Octreotide
Folic acid
21. Methyldopa is contraindicated in
Nitroprusside
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
5- flouracil (5- FU)
22. Heparin (PTT) increases activity of
GLUT 4
Pralidoxime
Antithrombin 3
Organic nitrites
23. Long acting insulin
IV and IM (only LMW)
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Ultralente (humulin U)
24. Interferes with activity of T- lymphocytes
LFT's
Hydroxychloroquine
Thyroxine
Tamsulosin
25. Major SE of zileuton
Liver toxicity
Cyclophosphamide
Islets of Langerhans
Oral
26. Reversal of blockade by neuromuscular blockers
Parathion
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Atropine
Valproic acid - carbamazepine - phenytoin and gabapentin
27. Cephalosporins Not able to cross the BBB
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Prolonged half - life - up to six weeks
Yohimbine
Cefixime (3rd) generation
28. Contraindications to use of atropine
Ascending pathways
Folic acid
Dolasetron
Infants - closed angle glaucoma - prostatic hypertrophy
29. Long acting sympathomimetic - sometimes used to improve urinary continence in children and elderly with enuresis
Venlafaxine
Ephedrine
Mechlorethamine
Low therapeutic index
30. Class of antibiotics that have 10% cross sensitivity with penicillins
Flumazenil
Fentanyl
Cephalosporins
Cartilage damage
31. Heterocyclic antidepressants least likely to affect sexual performance - used for management of nicotine withdrawal - SE's include dizziness - dry mouth - aggravation of psychosis - and seizures
Buprenorphine
Bupropion
LSD
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
32. Antipsychotic having the strongest autonomic effects
Amphetamines
Thioridazine
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
33. Dose may need to be increased during pregnancy or with Ocs due to increased TBG in plasma
Phentolamine
Half - life (T1/2)
Thyroxine
Arginine
34. Sedation is a common side effect of these drugs - they lower seizure threshold - uses include BAD - acute panic attacks - phobias - enuresis - and chronic pain and their overdose can be deadly
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Metronidazole
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Calcium channel blockers
35. Beta 1 agonist toxicity
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
B- blockers
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias
Increasing afterload and tissue perfusion declines
36. Technique used to diagnose perianal itching - and the drug used to treat it
Cyclobenzaprine
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
LFT's
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
37. Secondary amines that have less sedation and more excitation effect
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Acarbose - miglitol
38. Rapid acting - crystalline zinc insulin used to reverse acute hyperglycemia
Selegiline
Regular (Humulin R)
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
Flutamide (Eulexin)
39. Ability to bind reversibly to the same site as the drug and without activating the effector system
Hydralazine
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
Competitive antagonist
40. DOC for Legionnaires' disease
Dimercaprol
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
Kidneys
Erythromycin
41. This parenteral beta blocker is a short acting (minutes)
Esmolol
Cefixime (3rd) generation
Lupus - like syndrome
lispro insulin - aspart insulin - glulisine insulin
42. SE of thiazide (HCTZ) diuretics
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
5- flouracil (5- FU)
43. Drug that causes contraction of the uterus
LFT's
Cp
Oxytocin
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
44. Class of drugs that may cause cross - sensitivity with thiazide diuretics
Older antipsychotics
Neutro - leuko and thrombocytopenia
Sulfonamides
Amphetamines
45. Ergot alkaloid used as an illicit drug
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
LSD
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
46. Agent used to treat chronic gout by increasing uric acid secretion and excretion
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Prolongs QT interval
Reduce aqueous secretion
Vitamin D
47. SE of long term (>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
Adenosine
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
48. SE of mirtazapine
Opioid Analgesics
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
Rifampin
Kidneys
49. Newer atypical antipsychotic used for bipolar disorder - known to cause weight gain - and adversely affect diabetes
Olanzapine
NSAIDS
Levodopa
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
50. HIV med used to reduce transmission during birth
Oxytocin
Dobutamine and dopamine
LFT's
AZT (zidovudine)
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