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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Drugs decrease intestinal absorption of cholesterol
Retinal destruction and dermatitis
Disulfiram
Bile acid - binding resins
Tolerance
2. Toxicity caused by nitroprusside and treatment
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Potency
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
3. Dopamine (DA) agonist (for Parkinson's disease) - used also for hyperprolactinemia
ACE inhibitors
Bromocriptine
Neutro - leuko and thrombocytopenia
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
4. Alpha - glucosidase inhibitor associated with elevation of LFT's
Acarbose
Dantrolene
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
L- dopa
5. MOA of sulfonamides
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
L- asparaginase
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
Nitrous oxide
6. Long acting insulin
Thick ascending limb
Ultralente (humulin U)
Albuterol
Dexrazoxane
7. Second generation sulfonylurea
Amrinone and milrinone
prolongs QT and PR interval
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
8. Agent that inhibits alcohol dyhydrogenase and its clinical use
Sodium bicarbonate
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
9. Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used for prevention of osteoporosis and prophylaxis in women with risk factors for breast cancer
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
Meperidine
Raloxifene
Sulfasalazine
10. Anticancer drug also used in RA - produces acrolein in urine that leads to hemorrhagic cystitis
Amantadine
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Warfarin (PT)
Cyclophosphamide
11. Inducers of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
Caffeine
Oxidation - reduction - hydrolysis
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
12. SE of penicillamine
Aplastic anemia and renal toxicity
high doses
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
Warfarin (PT)
13. Somatotropin (GH) analog used in GH deficiency (dwarfism)
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Somatrem
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
Agranulocytosis
14. Clinical uses of these agents include treatment of HTN - angina - arrhythmias - chronic CHF - and selected post MI patients
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
Beta blockers
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Epinephrine
15. One depolarizing blocker that causes continuous depolarization and results in muscle relaxation and paralysis - causes muscle pain postoperatively and myoglobinuria may occur
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
Succinylcholine
Pyridostigmine
16. Most frequent route of metabolism
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Tetracycline
Hepatic enzymes
Iodide salts
17. MOA of thiazolindinediones
Pregnancy
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Tertiary amines
Overdose of opioids
18. Toxicity of organophosphate:
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Organic nitrites
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
Low therapeutic index
19. Neurologic SE of benzodiazepines
Prolonged half - life - up to six weeks
Anterograde amnesia
Phenoxybenzamine
Pramipexole and ropinirole
20. Radio contrast media that inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3
Ototoxicity
Amiodarone
Ipodate
GLUT 4
21. System that increases in activity with chronic ethanol exposure and may contribute to tolerance
EOS
Cocaine 'super - speed'
Salmeterol
Suramin
22. Inhibitors of CYP450
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
L- asparaginase
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
23. Bleomycin+vinblastine+etoposide+cisplatin produce almost a 100% response when all agents are used for this neoplasm
Ototoxicity
Constipation - edema - and headache
Isoflurane
Testicular cancer
24. Drugs that can be used for infantile spasms
Ascending pathways
Corticosteroids
Ceftriaxone
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
25. Antidote for beta - blockers and hypoglycemia
Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
Glucagon
26. This produces 'dissociative anesthesia' - is a cardiovascular stimulant which may increases intracranial pressure - and hallucinations occur during recovery
Ethanol
Ketamine
Naltrexone
Iodide salts
27. Relates the amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration
Volume of distribution (VD)
CNS depressants
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
28. Antidepressant also used for sleep that causes priapism
Trazodone
Mechlorethamine
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
29. Associated with an increased incidence of cataracts in patients treated for glaucoma
Prinzmetal's angina
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
30. Some cell cycle non - specific drugs
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Carbamazepine
Phentolamine
31. Used for hairy cell leukemia; it stimulates NK cells
Interferon alpha
Thick ascending limb
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Volume of distribution (VD)
32. GHRH analog used as diagnostic agent
EOS
Alpha1 agonists
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Sermorelin
33. Thrombolytic that can cause allergic reaction
Amiodarone
Cocaine
Letrozole - anastrozole
Streptokinase
34. Antidote for arsenic - mercury - lead - and gold poisoning
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Dimercaprol
Sodium channel blockers
Carbidopa
35. Prototypical drug is atropine
Somatostatin
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
Aspirin - metoprolol
Nevirapine - amprenavir
36. Anti - psychotics available in depot preparation
Nausea
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
Sodium channel blockers
37. Antiarrhythmic effective in most types of arrhythmia
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Amiodarone
38. Most common side effect of 1st generation antihistamines
Sedation
Esmolol
Pramipexole and ropinirole
Miosis and constipation
39. MOA of nystatin
Respiratory failure
Dobutamine and dopamine
Thyroxine
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
40. Mineralocorticoids
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Levodopa
Fluoxetine
LSD
41. Drug causes teeth discoloration
Tetracycline
Lipoprotein lipase
Adenosine
Sedation
42. Fibrates (gemfibrozil) increase activity of
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
Lipoprotein lipase
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
43. Atypical antipsychotic causing high prolactin levels
Risperidone
Fentanyl
Infliximab
Pyridostigmine
44. Tolerance to all effects of opioid agonists can develop except
Miosis and constipation
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
45. Opioid antagonist that is given IV and had short DOA
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
Naloxone
CNS depressants
Elderly patients
46. Muscarinic antagonist used in asthma
First order kinetics
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
EOS
Ipratropium
47. Methyldopa is contraindicated in
Dipyridamole
Ortho - Evra
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Metformin
48. Toxic effect of anticancer drug can be lessened by rescue agents
Rescue therapy
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
Pancuronium
49. Methylxanthine derivative used as a remedy for intermittent claudication
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
Pentoxifylline
L- asparaginase
Lepirudin
50. Common SE of tamoxifen and raloxifene
Point mutation
Thick ascending limb
Hot flashes
Acarbose - miglitol