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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1, comlex

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Non - steroidal estrogen agonist causes clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina in daughters of women who used it during pregnancy
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Trazodone
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Entacapone and Tolcapone

2. H1 antagonist used in motion sickness
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Sumatriptan
Risperidone

3. Activation of these receptors open K+ ion channels to cause membrane hyperpolarization
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
Nitroprusside
Zolpidem
SSRI's - bupropion - and venlafaxine

4. Limiting adverse effect of ganglion blockade that patients usually are unable to tolerate
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
Severe hypertension
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Red urine discoloration

5. Facilitates GABA presynaptic inhibition
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
Diazepam

6. Use of this opioid with MAOI can lead to hyperpyrexic coma - and with SSRI's can lead to serotonin syndrome
Cosyntropin
Meperidine
Hypertensive crisis
Succinylcholine

7. Class II antiarrhythmics are
Chlorpropamide
Albuterol
Competitive antagonist
B- blockers

8. Newer alpha 2 agonist (apraclonidine and brimonidine) treat glaucoma by acting to
Cerebral hemorrhage
Reduce aqueous secretion
Cocaine 'super - speed'
Morphine

9. MOA of neuroleptics
Dopamine blockade
Fexofenadine - loratadine - and cetirizine
Dantrolene
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)

10. MOA of penicillin
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
Dobutamine and dopamine
Disulfiram

11. Life threatening cardiac event that prolong QT leads to
Amoxapine
Torsades de pointes
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Propoxyphene

12. Well - tolerated and are first - line antidepressants

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13. Antiplatelet drug reserved for patients allergic to aspirin
Metformin
Ticlopidine
Neutro - leuko and thrombocytopenia
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment

14. Antidote for tissue plasminogen activator (t - PA) - streptokinase
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
Aminocaproic acid
Hypertension

15. ADH agonist used for pituitary diabetes insipidus
Increase the DURATION of GABA- mediated chloride ion channels
Metrifonate
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
None

16. Antidote to benzodiazepine overdose (antagonist that reverses the CNS effects)
Glucocorticoids
Flumazenil
Osteoporosis - Paget's disease - and osteolytic bone lesions - and hypercalcemia from malignancy
Liver toxicity

17. Anti - viral agents associated with Stephen Johnson syndrome
Nevirapine - amprenavir
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
Hot flashes
Megaloblastic anemia

18. Anti - psychotics available in depot preparation
First order kinetics
Prilocaine
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
Ethanol - fomepizole

19. Usual time needed for full effect of antidepressant therapy
Insulin
Spasmolytic drugs
Acetazolamide
2 to 3 weeks

20. Tolerance is marked and abstinence syndrome occurs
Esmolol
Ketoralac
Octreotide
Amphetamines

21. Barbiturates may precipitate this hematologic condition
Acute intermittent porphyria
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Esmolol
Increases concentration of Digoxin

22. Side effects seen with tricyclic antidepressants
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Vitamin D
Acetazolamide
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin

23. The selective agents loose their selectivity at
high doses
Ganciclovir
B- blockers
Clozapine

24. Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
Lithium
Pindolol and acebutolol
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
Dexrazoxane

25. Agent used to treat MI and to reduce incidence of subsequent MI
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Yohimbine
Allopurinol
Aspirin - metoprolol

26. Antidote for digoxin toxicity
Cefixime (3rd) generation
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Digibind
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)

27. SE of lithium
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)
Allopurinol
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
'dry as a bone - red as a beet - mad as a hatter - hot as a hare - blind as a bat'

28. Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX
Pindolol and acebutolol
Carbenicillin - piperacillin and ticarcillin
NSAIDS
ED50

29. Regimen used for breast cancer
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
TD50
Thick ascending limb
Haloperidol

30. Warfarin is contraindicated in
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
Pregnancy
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim

31. MOA for benzodiazepines and barbiturates
GABA- related targets
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
Estrogen
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence

32. Toxic to the liver - kidney - lungs - bone marrow - peripheral nerves - and cause brain damage in animals - sudden death has occurred following inhalation
Erythromycin
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Erythropoietin

33. Toxicity caused by nitroprusside and treatment
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Half - life (T1/2)
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias
Ability to cross the placenta

34. Neurologic SE of benzodiazepines
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
Bile acid - binding resins
Cartilage damage
Anterograde amnesia

35. DOC for herpes and its MOA
CHOP (cyclophosphamide - doxorubicin - vincristine - and prednisone) plus rituximab
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Serotonin syndrome
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine

36. SE of methyldopa

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37. Topical DOC in impetigo
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Adenosine
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam

38. This beta blocker is the longest acting
Abstinence syndrome
Nadolol
Tertiary amines
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea

39. Opioid available trans - dermally
Serum ammonia and LFT's
Pralidoxime
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Fentanyl

40. Activation of these receptors close Ca2+ ion channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release
Meperidine
Hypercalcemia
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
Nadolol

41. This beta blocker is highly lipid soluble and may account for side effects such as nightmares
Dry cough - hyperkalemia
Propranolol
Folic acid
Allopurinol

42. Agent effective in physiologic and essential tremor
Drug induced Parkinsonism
Toremifene (Fareston)
Propranolol
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4

43. MOA of Leflunomide (newer agent)
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
Vitamin D
Lupus - like syndrome

44. Similar to clonidine and may cause hypotension
Tizanidine
Amitriptyline
Gabapentin
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel

45. Long acting insulin
Streptokinase
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
Ultralente (humulin U)
Steady state

46. Digoxin is used in
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Dopamine
Hydralazine
L- asparaginase

47. Peptide drug used to treat CHF
Hypoglycemia
Cytomel
None
Nesiritide (BNP)

48. Agent used in CHF that is a selective alpha and nonselective beta blocker
PGE1
Carvedilol
Pulse therapy
Dantrolene

49. MOA and effect of nitric oxide
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
Cocaine
Dopamine
Aztreonam

50. Agent more frequently associated with extrapyramidal side effects that can be treated with benzodiazepine - diphenhydramine or muscarinic blocker
Haloperidol
Cp
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion

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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

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