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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Causes acne - premature closure of epiphyses - masculinization in females - hepatic dysfunction - MI - and increases in libido and aggression
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
Hypertrichosis
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Steroids
2. Biguanide
Metformin
Repaglinide
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
3. Anticoagulant of choice in pregnancy
Sodium bicarbonate
Heparin
Amitriptyline
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
4. Names of three bisphosphonates available IV
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
Phase I
Thiopental
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate
5. Newer atypical antipsychotics that also improve some of the negative symptoms and help acute agitation
Opioid Analgesics
Rheumatic disease
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
Mifepristone
6. Example of three antidepressants that are indicated for obsessive compulsive disorder
Leuprolide
Caffeine
Affinity
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
7. SE of amrinone
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Infliximab
Thrombocytopenia
Mechlorethamine
8. Leads to respiratory depression progressing to coma and death
Desflurane
Thyroxine
Calcium
Overdose of opioids
9. Anti - seizure medication also used in the prevention of migraines
Older antipsychotics
Echothiophate
Valproic acid
Ipodate
10. Can be effective for short term therapy of thyroid storm - but after several weeks of therapy causes an exacerbation of hyperthyroidism
Dopamine
Hypoglycemia
Iodide salts
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
11. Strong opioid agonists
Muscarinic blockers
Morphine - methadone - meperidine - and fentanyl
Neuroleptanesthesia
Dobutamine and dopamine
12. Exogenous insulin contains
Volume of distribution (VD)
Odansetron - granisetron
Dry cough
Little C- peptide
13. Drugs of choice for status epilepticus
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
Rheumatic disease
Diphenhydramine and cimetridine - respectively
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
14. Agent used to treat MI and to reduce incidence of subsequent MI
Aspirin - metoprolol
Suramin
Hyperprolactinemia - menorrhea - galactorrhea - confusion - mood changes - decreased sexual interest - and weight gain
Kidneys
15. Anti - malarial drug used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
Edrophonium
GLUT 2
Hydroxychloroquine
16. Different steps of Phase I
Odansetron - granisetron
Nesiritide (BNP)
Cyclobenzaprine
Oxidation - reduction - hydrolysis
17. Antivirals associated with neutropenia
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
Aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure
Clonidine - and methyldopa
18. Antidote for beta - blockers and hypoglycemia
Amiodarone
Point mutation
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
Glucagon
19. This is the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock
Hot flashes
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Epinephrine
Vitamin D
20. NSAID that is used for acute condition - such as pre - op anesthesia and has limited duration (<5 days) of use due to nephrotoxicity
Fentanyl
Positive Comb's test - depression
Ketoralac
Spasmolytic drugs
21. Common toxicities of cisplatin
'dry as a bone - red as a beet - mad as a hatter - hot as a hare - blind as a bat'
Prilocaine
Hypertensive crisis
Nephro and ototoxicity
22. Radio contrast media that inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3
Ipodate
Gabapentin
Agranulocytosis
Sulfasalazine
23. Sympathetic agent which stimulates heart rate and can dilate vessels in skeletal muscle at low doses
Overdose of opioids
Insulin glargine
Mannitol
Epinephrine
24. Slightly increased risk of breast cancer - endometrial cancer - heart disease (questionable) - has beneficial effects on bone loss
Carbidopa
Erythropoietin
Flumazenil
Estrogen
25. Drug causing depletion of substance P (vasodilator)
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Capsaicin
Cerebral hemorrhage
26. MOA for benzodiazepines and barbiturates
Nifurtimox
GABA- related targets
Acetazolamide
Trazodone
27. Antidepressant having stimulant effects similar to SSRI's and can increase blood pressure
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
Allopurinol
Venlafaxine
Corticosteroids
28. Antidepressants with no effect on BP - no sedation
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
Agranulocytosis
Halothane
SSRIs
29. Agents used in Huntington's Disease
LFT's
Tetrabenazine (amine depleting drug) - Haloperidol (antipsychotic)
Indomethacin
Ethosuximide and valproic acid
30. Thrombolytic that can cause allergic reaction
Chlorpropamide
Nifurtimox
Nitrites
Streptokinase
31. These agents are used as antidiarrheal
Hypercalcemia
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Midodrine
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
32. Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX
NSAIDS
Aspirin - metoprolol
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Gingival hyperplasia
33. Inhaled anesthetic with a low blood/gas partition coefficient
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
Nitrous oxide
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
34. Sulfonylurea Not recommended for elderly because of very long half life
High therapeutic index
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Chlorpropamide
Reduce aqueous secretion
35. Long acting sympathomimetic - sometimes used to improve urinary continence in children and elderly with enuresis
Ephedrine
Ultralente (humulin U)
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
Cyclophosphamide
36. Inhibit synaptic activity of primary afferents and spinal cord pain transmission neurons
Adenosine
Morphine and fentanyl
Ascending pathways
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
37. Bronchodilation in asthma and COPD
Ipratropium
Acebutolol - atenolol - esmolol - metoprolol
Serum ammonia and LFT's
Risperidone
38. Readily detected markers that may assist in diagnosis of the cause of a drug overdose include
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
Repaglinide
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
39. Antidote used for organophosphate/anticholinesterase poisoning
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
Letrozole - anastrozole
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
40. Muscarinic antagonist used in asthma
Celecoxib and rofecoxib
Adenosine
Adenosine
Ipratropium
41. Benzodiazepine that undergo extrahepatic conjugation (which are useful in older or hepatically impaired)
Sumatriptan
Neutro - leuko and thrombocytopenia
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
42. Pneumonic for 3 zones of adrenal cortex
Mifepristone (RU-486)
SSRIs
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
GFR
43. This produces 'dissociative anesthesia' - is a cardiovascular stimulant which may increases intracranial pressure - and hallucinations occur during recovery
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
Constipation - edema - and headache
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
Ketamine
44. Drugs used in the management of angina
Aspirin - Nitrates - CCB - and Beta blockers
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Marijuana
45. Presynaptic Alpha 2 agonist used in HTN - and acts centrally
Chemical esophagitis
Clonidine - and methyldopa
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Bupropion
46. MOA of class III antiarrhythmics
Potassium channel blockers
Ketoralac
Epinephrine - dipivefrin
Methotrexate
47. Prostaglandin used in the treatment of impotence
Benztropine - trihexyphenidyl
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
Alprostadil
Phenoxybenzamine
48. Alpha 1 agonist toxicity
Decreased micro and macro vascular disease
Hot flashes
Hypertension
Cocaine
49. SE for ticlopidine
Protamine sulfate
IV administration
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis
Amrinone and milrinone
50. Newer estrogen receptor antagonist used in advanced breast cancer
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Toremifene (Fareston)
Ipodate
Esmolol
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