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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1, comlex

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Window between therapeutic effect and toxic effect
Neuroleptanesthesia
Therapeutic index
Aspirin
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

2. SSRI less likely to cause a withdrawal syndrome
Steroids
Phenoxybenzamine
Fluoxetine
Amoxapine

3. Agent similar to cisplatin - less nephrotoxic - but greater myelosuppression
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence
Fluoxetine
Cevimeline
Carboplatin

4. Dopamine agonist used in hyperprolactinemia
LD50
Vitamin B12
Morphine and fentanyl
Bromocriptine

5. Nitrate free intervals are needed due to
Tolerance
Nifedipine
Adenosine
Flumazenil

6. TCA used in chronic pain - enuresis - and ADD
Imipramine
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Propranolol
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone

7. Common side effect of hypnotic agents
Sedation
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.
Mivacurium

8. MOA of metformin
Mivacurium
GABA- related targets
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity
Benztropine

9. Drug used for N. gonorrhea in females
Naltrexone
Steady state
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
Ceftriaxone

10. Opioid used in the management of withdrawal states
Methadone
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
B- blockers

11. Toxic to the liver - kidney - lungs - bone marrow - peripheral nerves - and cause brain damage in animals - sudden death has occurred following inhalation
Neuroleptanesthesia
Normal C- peptide
Marijuana
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents

12. The fraction of administered dose of a drug that reaches systemic circulation
Prolongs QT interval
Amphetamines
Bioavailability (F)
Torsades de pointes

13. Site of action of thiazide diuretics
ACE inhibitors
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Work at early distal convoluted tubule

14. This agent cause increased aqueous outflow
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)

15. Interferes with activity of T- lymphocytes
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Hydroxychloroquine
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine

16. Clinical response that may fluctuate in tx of Parkinson's dx

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17. Agent that is teratogen and causes a fetal syndrome
Ethanol
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
Alpha1 agonists

18. Some of SSRIs' therapeutic effects beside depression
Vincristine
Chlorpropamide
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD

19. NSAID that is used for acute condition - such as pre - op anesthesia and has limited duration (<5 days) of use due to nephrotoxicity
Phenylephrine
Physostigmine
Ketoralac
Physostigmine

20. Agent that is metabolized to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and microsomal ethanol - oxidizing system (MEOS)
Cp
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
Increase the DURATION of GABA- mediated chloride ion channels
Ethanol

21. Endogenous substances commonly interpreted as histamine - serotonin - prostaglandins - and vasoactive peptides
Esmolol
Dantrolene
Autocoids
Verapamil

22. Neurotransmitters affected by the action of antidepressants
Ketoralac
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Norepinephrine and serotonin
Sulfonamides

23. Opioids used in anesthesia
Propranolol
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
Morphine and fentanyl
Risperidone

24. Limiting adverse effect of ganglion blockade that patients usually are unable to tolerate
Severe hypertension
Trazodone
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
Hypokalemia

25. Drug that selectively inhibits COX 2
Mifepristone
Mechlorethamine
Celecoxib and rofecoxib
Digoxin

26. Diuretic used to antagonize aldosterone receptors
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Spironolactone
Nateglinide
Terbutaline

27. MOA for benzodiazepines and barbiturates
Low therapeutic index
GABA- related targets
Levodopa
Propranolol

28. MOA of erythromycin
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
Bromocriptine
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
Nitroprusside

29. Vancomycin MOA
Repaglinide
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Tolerance

30. 3 zones of adrenal cortex and their products
Haloperidol
Nitrous oxide
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome

31. Muscarinic antagonist used in asthma
Ipratropium
Demeclocycline
Clonidine - and methyldopa
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV

32. Used for hairy cell leukemia; it stimulates NK cells
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
Interferon alpha
Acarbose
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept

33. Alternative anticoagulant used if HIT develops
Ethanol - fomepizole
Lepirudin
Potency
Sermorelin

34. Effective in preventing TIA's
Retinal destruction and dermatitis
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)
Clopidogrel and ticlopidine

35. 5HT-3 antagonist that has been associated with QRS and QTc prolongation and should not be used in patients with heart disease
Dolasetron
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Pyridostigmine
Glucagon

36. Cause dizziness - tachycardia - hypotension - and flushing
Minoxidil
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Organic nitrites
Amoxicillin

37. Anti - seizure agent that exhibits non - linear metabolism - highly protein bound - causes fetal hydantoin syndrome - and stimulates hepatic metabolism
Ketoconazole
Aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure
Phenytoin
Disulfiram

38. Ergot alkaloid used as an illicit drug
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Vitamin B12
Propoxyphene
LSD

39. Removal of PCP may be aided
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Urinary acidification and activated charcoal or continual nasogastric suction
Potency
Nitrites

40. IV barbiturate used as a pre - op anesthetic
prolongs QT and PR interval
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Thiopental
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism

41. Agent effective in physiologic and essential tremor
Allopurinol
Edrophonium
Propranolol
Zafirlukast and montelukast

42. CCB are DOC for

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43. Cholestyramine and colestipol are
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Mifepristone
Bile acid - binding resins
Mechlorethamine

44. Antidote useful for some drug induced Torsade de pointes
Acetazolamide
Magnesium sulfate
Ability to cross the placenta
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept

45. Drugs of choice for absence seizures
Repaglinide
Ethosuximide and valproic acid
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure

46. Condition will result from in combination of MAOI with tyramine containing foods (ex. wine - cheese - and pickled meats)
Hypertensive crisis
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
Hydroxychloroquine
nephro and ototoxicity

47. Common side effect of Rifampin
Bethanechol
Red urine discoloration
Carvedilol
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia

48. Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism
Spironolactone
Nondepolarizing type antagonists
Flumazenil
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD

49. Increase bone density - also being tested for breast CA prophylaxis
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Raloxifene (SERM- selective estrogen receptor modulator)
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Haloperidol

50. Antidote used for benzodiazepine toxicity
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Flumazenil
Aztreonam
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea