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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
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comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Antidote for salicylate intoxication
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
high doses
2. COX 2 inhibitors may have reduced risk of
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
L- asparaginase
Ethanol - fomepizole
3. Anti - rheumatic agent also used for Chron's disease
Cyclophosphamide
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
Bromocriptine
Infliximab
4. Heparin (PTT) increases activity of
Antithrombin 3
Nephro and ototoxicity
Digoxin
Infliximab
5. Clinical use for H2 blockers
Anterograde amnesia
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Ticlopidine
6. Most frequent route of metabolism
Hepatic enzymes
Spironolactone
Cholinesterase regenerators - pralidoxime
Lithium toxicity
7. Interact with microtubules (but unlike vinca which prevent disassembly of tubules) - it stabilizes tubulin and cells remain frozen in metaphase
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Nadolol
Rhabdomyolysis
Paclitaxel (taxol)
8. Anti - emetics used in association with anti - cancer drugs that are 5- HT3 (serotonin receptor subtype ) antagonists
Leuprolide
Bethanechol
Odansetron - granisetron
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
9. Inhibitors of CYP450
Ethanol or fomepizole
Phenytoin
Sotalol
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
10. Anti - seizure agent that exhibits non - linear metabolism - highly protein bound - causes fetal hydantoin syndrome - and stimulates hepatic metabolism
Heroin - morphine - oxycodone - meperidine and fentanyl
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
Phenytoin
11. Aromatase inhibitor used in breast cancer
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Letrozole - anastrozole
Kidneys
Dexamethasone suppression test
12. This diuretic decreases aqueous secretion due to lack of HCO3- ion. Causes drowsiness and paresthesias - alkalinization of the urine may precipitate calcium salts - hypokalemia - acidosis
Regular (Humulin R)
Ketoralac
Methoxyflurane
Acetazolamide
13. Tolerance to all effects of opioid agonists can develop except
Miosis and constipation
Ganciclovir
Nifurtimox
Half - life (T1/2)
14. DOC for febrile seizures
EOS
Phenobarbital
Nitrous oxide
Yohimbine
15. Causes bone marrow suppression
Insulin
Mechlorethamine
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Methotrexate
16. Benzodiazepine that has efficacy against absence seizures and in anxiety states - such as agoraphobia
Pilocarpine
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Mifepristone (RU-486)
Clonazepam
17. Anti - seizure agent that induces formation of liver drug - metabolism enzymes - is teratogen and can cause craniofacial anomalies and spina bifida
Streptomycin
Letrozole - anastrozole
Specificity
Carbamazepine
18. Anti - androgen used for hirsutism in females
Cyproterone acetate
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
Hypertrichosis
EOS
19. The selective agents loose their selectivity at
Zileuton
Carbamazepine
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
high doses
20. Arterial vasodilator that works by opening K+ channels
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Calcium channel blockers
Minoxidil
Cyclophosphamide
21. Triptan available in parenteral and nasal formulation
Hepatic
Celecoxib
Thiopental
Sumatriptan
22. The ratio of the rate of elimination of a drug to its plasma concentration
Clearance (CL)
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Toremifene (Fareston)
Na+/K+ exchange
23. Chelating agent used in acute iron toxicity
Deferoxamine
Ipratropium
Ethanol - fomepizole
Entacapone and Tolcapone
24. DOC for influenza A
Protease inhibitors
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
Amantadine
Dipyridamole
25. Antidote used for heparin overdose
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)
Protamine
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Maprotiline
26. SE of thiazide (HCTZ) diuretics
Zafirlukast and montelukast
Penicillamine
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia
Somatrem
27. Window between therapeutic effect and toxic effect
Therapeutic index
Cevimeline
N- acetylcysteine
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
28. Examples of alpha - glucosidase inhibitors (AGI)
Digoxin
Acarbose - miglitol
Ketamine
Etidronate
29. Agent to treat hypochromic microcytic anemias
'dry as a bone - red as a beet - mad as a hatter - hot as a hare - blind as a bat'
Haloperidol
Naloxone
Ferrous sulfate
30. Agent for pernicious anemia
GLUT 2
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
31. Analog of hypoxanthine - needs HGPRTase for activation
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
6- mercaptopurine (6- MP)
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
32. The most common type of drug interaction of sedative hypnotics with other depressant medications
Additive CNS depression
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Reducing preload
33. Methyldopa is contraindicated in
Bile acid - binding resins
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Tissue plasmin activator
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
34. Alpha 1 agonist toxicity
Insulin glargine
Hypertension
Deferoxamine
Cardiac dysfunction - photosensitivity - skin (blue smurf syndrome) - Pulmonary fibrosis - thyroid and corneal deposits
35. Only direct acting agent that is very lipid soluble and used in glaucoma
Zolpidem - zaleplon
Pilocarpine
Pregnancy
Beta blockers
36. A1a - selective blocker with no effects on HTN used for BPH
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
Salmeterol
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
37. Antidote useful for some drug induced Torsade de pointes
Thick ascending limb
Agranulocytosis
Magnesium sulfate
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
38. Antidote for thrombolytics
Mifepristone (RU-486)
Albuterol
Midodrine
Aminocaproic acid
39. Longer acting local anesthetics which are less dependent on vasoconstrictors
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Pentoxifylline
Insulin glargine
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
40. Available bisphosphonates
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
Aspirin
Estrogen
Dolasetron
41. Drug ofter used in combination with TNF - alpha inhitors for RA
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Midodrine
Methotrexate
42. NSAID also available as an ophthalmic preparation
Decrease arterial blood pressure
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Heparin
Estrogen
43. MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide) - class IB (eg. Lidocaine) - and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics
Sodium channel blockers
Primaquine
Ultralente (humulin U)
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
44. Antidepressant which is inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes and may be associated with hepatic failure
Pulse therapy
Nefazodone
increase the FREQUENCY of GABA- mediated chloride ion channel opening
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
45. What do delta cells in the pancreas produce?
Volume of distribution (VD)
Norepinephrine and serotonin
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Somatostatin
46. Agent that is the antidote for methanol overdose
Ethanol - fomepizole
Albuterol
Timolol
Clomipramine
47. Pneumonic for beta receptors
Methadone - followed by slow dose reduction
Esmolol
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)
48. These LA's have surface activity
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
Diphenhydramine and cimetridine - respectively
Cocaine and benzocaine
49. Toxicity of anticholinergics
High therapeutic index
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Nitrous oxide
50. Cheap wide spectrum antibiotic DOC for otitis media
Nephro and ototoxicity
Edrophonium
Calcium channels
Amoxicillin
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