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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1, comlex

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Most important potential SE of metformin
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Somatostatin
Lactic acidosis
Drug induced Parkinsonism

2. 5HT-3 antagonist used in chemotherapeutic induced emesis
Zero order kinetics
Ondansetron - granisetron - dolasetron and alosetron
Etidronate
Aminocaproic acid

3. Used for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women
nephro and ototoxicity
Streptokinase
Carvedilol
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)

4. This agent regenerates active cholinesterase and is a chemical antagonist used to treat organophosphate exposure
Pralidoxime
GI bleeding
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Protease inhibitors

5. Toxic to the liver - kidney - lungs - bone marrow - peripheral nerves - and cause brain damage in animals - sudden death has occurred following inhalation
Ultralente (humulin U)
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets
Naloxone
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents

6. SE of tPA
Cerebral hemorrhage
Sodium channel blockade
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone

7. IV barbiturate used as a pre - op anesthetic
Prazosin - terazosin and doxazosin (- AZOSIN ending)
GLUT 2
Thiopental
Tertiary amines

8. TCA used in chronic pain - enuresis - and ADD
Cyproterone acetate
Marijuana
Fluoxetine (Sarafem)
Imipramine

9. NSAID also available as an ophthalmic preparation
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
Low therapeutic index
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Zolpidem - zaleplon

10. Lethal arrhythmias resulting from concurrent therapy with azole fungals (metabolized by CYP 3A4) and these antihistamines which inhibit the 3A4 iso - enzyme.
Adenosine
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)

11. Alpha - glucosidase inhibitor associated with elevation of LFT's
Bromocriptine
Methotrexate
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
Acarbose

12. Antipsychotics that reduce positive symptoms only
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Older antipsychotics
Ethosuximide and valproic acid

13. MOA of colchicine (used in acute gout)
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
Interferon alpha
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly

14. Tolerance is marked and abstinence syndrome occurs
Amphetamines
Meperidine
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Amoxapine

15. Anti - Parkinson's drug which increases intraocular pressure and is contraindicated in closed angle glaucoma
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
Levodopa
Constipation - edema - and headache
Dimercaprol

16. Antidote used for benzodiazepine toxicity
Gynecomastia
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
Methadone
Flumazenil

17. DOC for management of acute ventricular arrhythmias
Amiodarone
Dry cough - hyperkalemia
PCP
Nortriptyline - Desipramine

18. Antidote to reverse actions of warfarin
Nifurtimox
Clomipramine
Desflurane
Vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma

19. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Acetazolamide
Celecoxib
Sulfonamides
Ultralente (humulin U)

20. Agent to treat torsades de pointes
Pralidoxime
Valproic acid - carbamazepine - phenytoin and gabapentin
Thioridazine
Magnesium sulfate

21. Anti - seizure agent that exhibits non - linear metabolism - highly protein bound - causes fetal hydantoin syndrome - and stimulates hepatic metabolism
Oxytocin
Phenytoin
Buspirone
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue

22. Three C's associated with TCA toxicity
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors

23. Antiarrhythmic that exhibits Class II and III properties
CNS depressants
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
Isoflurane
Sotalol

24. Mast cells to reduce release of hisamine and inflammatory mediators
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and ototoxicity
Epinephrine
Calcium

25. Block cardiac adverse effects of thyrotoxicosis such as tachycardia - inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3
Beta - blockers such as propranolol
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
Buspirone
None

26. Agent used for neurological deficits in megaloblastic anemia
Vitamin B12
Phenytoin
Cisplatin
Ethanol

27. Beta - blockers should be used cautiously in
Lithium
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Acarbose - miglitol
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease

28. MOA of repaglinide
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers

29. Drug ofter used in combination with TNF - alpha inhitors for RA
Amitriptyline
Bethanechol
Methotrexate
Cephalosporins

30. Mineralocorticoids
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Hypertensive crisis
EOS
Little C- peptide

31. MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide) - class IB (eg. Lidocaine) - and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics
Sodium channel blockers
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
Additive CNS depression
Amiodarone

32. Only direct acting agent that is very lipid soluble and used in glaucoma
Verapamil
Pilocarpine
Estogens increase maternal TBG
Bioavailability (F)

33. Interact with microtubules (but unlike vinca which prevent disassembly of tubules) - it stabilizes tubulin and cells remain frozen in metaphase
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Paclitaxel (taxol)
Lupus - like syndrome
Dantrolene

34. Commonly abused LA which has cardiovascular toxicity including severe hypertension with cerebral hemorrhage - cardiac arrhythmias - and myocardial infarction
Calcium channels
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Cyproterone acetate
Cocaine

35. Drug of choice for myoclonic seizures
Nephrotoxicity
Valproic acid
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
Vasodilation

36. Pneumonic for beta receptors
Bile acid - binding resins
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)

37. MAOI should not be administered with SSRI's or potent TCA's due to development of this condition
Serotonin syndrome
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Letrozole - anastrozole
Osteoporosis - Paget's disease - and osteolytic bone lesions - and hypercalcemia from malignancy

38. Relates the amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration
Islets of Langerhans
Volume of distribution (VD)
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
CNS stimulation; GI upset

39. Most inhaled anesthetics SE
Decrease arterial blood pressure
Acetazolamide
Esmolol
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia

40. This beta blocker is highly lipid soluble and may account for side effects such as nightmares
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)
Fluoxetine
Sermorelin
Propranolol

41. Presynaptic Alpha 2 agonist used in HTN - and acts centrally
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Sodium channel blockade
Clonidine - and methyldopa
Normal C- peptide

42. Rapid acting - crystalline zinc insulin used to reverse acute hyperglycemia
Benztropine - trihexyphenidyl
Paclitaxel (taxol)
Ondansetron - granisetron - dolasetron and alosetron
Regular (Humulin R)

43. Benzodiazepine that undergo extrahepatic conjugation (which are useful in older or hepatically impaired)
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Doxepin

44. Intermediate acting glucocorticoids
L- dopa
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
Calcium

45. Penicillins active against penicillinase secreting bacteria
Mirtazapine
Methotrexate
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
Haloperidol

46. Antiglaucoma organophosphate
Bleomycin
Pulse therapy
Echothiophate
Sedation

47. Activation of these receptors close Ca2+ ion channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Carbidopa
SSRI's - bupropion - and venlafaxine

48. Agent used in acutely decompensated CHF resembling natriuretic peptide
Magnesium sulfate
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
Atracurium

49. LA causing methemoglobinemia
Prilocaine
Parathion
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)
REM is decreased

50. SE of methyldopa

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