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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. SE seen only in men with administration of ketoconazole
pregnancy and with K+
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Benzodiazepines and calcium channel blockers
Gynecomastia
2. Toxicities include nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity - leading to a severe interaction with aminoglycosides
Cisplatin
Ganciclovir
Phenytoin
Flumazenil
3. COX 2 inhibitors should be used cautiously in pts with
Gingival hyperplasia
Neostigmine
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
4. Beta 1 agonist toxicity
Propranolol
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
5. Vitamin K dependent anticoagulant
Warfarin (PT)
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
Rheumatic disease
Magnesium sulfate
6. Inducers of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
Spironolactone
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
7. This agent cause increased aqueous outflow
Vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Insulin
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
8. Nonselective alpha - blocking drug - long acting and irreversible - and used to treat pheochromocytoma. Blocks 5- HT - so occasionaly used for carcinoid tumor. Blocks H1 and used in mastocytosis
Phenoxybenzamine
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Estogens increase maternal TBG
9. This agent regenerates active cholinesterase and is a chemical antagonist used to treat organophosphate exposure
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Pralidoxime
Testicular cancer
PTU
10. DOC to treat chemo - induced nausea and vomiting
Vincristine
C- peptide
Prilocaine
Odansetron
11. Antidote used for cyanide poisoning
Nitrites
Dimercaprol - EDTA
Methadone - followed by slow dose reduction
Spironolactone
12. Major route of elimination for Lithium
prolongs QT and PR interval
Kidneys
Thiopental
Ethanol
13. Drug is used with testosterone for male fertility
Repaglinide
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
Leuprolide
Alprostadil
14. Antidote to reverse actions of warfarin
Vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma
Halothane
Amantadine
Nefazodone
15. Barbiturates decrease the effectiveness of many other drugs via this pharmacokinetics property
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
Ticlopidine
Adenosine
Ganciclovir
16. NSAID also available as an ophthalmic preparation
Amantadine
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Ethanol
Peripheral neuropathy (also excessive alcohol use is associated with HTN - anemia - and MI)
17. Used especially in postmenopausal women - dosage should be 1500 mg
Calcium
Scopolamine - meclizine
Elderly patients
GLUT 2
18. Agent effective in physiologic and essential tremor
Flumazenil
Propranolol
Zileuton
Atropine
19. This may enhance activity of local anesthetics
Valproic acid
Glucagon
CNS depressants
Hyperkalemia
20. This is combined with L- dopa - inhibits DOPA decarboxylase (active only peripherally) which allows lower effective doses of L- dopa and allows for fewer SE's (GI distress - postural hypotension - and dyskinesias)
Haloperidol
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
Carbidopa
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
21. Side effects seen with tricyclic antidepressants
Opioid Analgesics
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Na+/K+ exchange
Bradykinin
22. Only phenothiazine not exerting antiemetic effects - can cause visual impairment due to retinal deposits - and high doses have been associated with ventricular arrhythmias
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Thioridazine
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Benztropine
23. Strength of interaction between drug and its receptor
Hydroxychloroquine
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
Affinity
Thyroid and steroid hormones
24. Drug that causes gray baby syndrome and aplastic anemia
Meperidine
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Chloramphenicol
25. Anti - seizure agent that exhibits non - linear metabolism - highly protein bound - causes fetal hydantoin syndrome - and stimulates hepatic metabolism
Phenytoin
Erythromycin
ACE inhibitors
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
26. SE of amrinone
Infants
Reducing preload
Thrombocytopenia
Calcium
27. Digoxin toxicity can be precipitated by
Suramin
Prednisone
Penicillamine
Hypokalemia
28. NSAID used in gout
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
ACE inhibitors
Indomethacin
Ticlopidine
29. Bleomycin+vinblastine+etoposide+cisplatin produce almost a 100% response when all agents are used for this neoplasm
Affinity
Acute intermittent porphyria
Testicular cancer
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
30. Drug that inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase and is used in ethylene glycol exposure
Fomepizole
Hypertrichosis
Methadone
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
31. PTU (propylthiouracil) MOA
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Leucovorin
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
32. Proteins that prevent action of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- alpha)
Ketamine
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
LSD
Deferoxamine
33. Agent used neutropenia especially after chemotherapy
Agranulocytosis
Pancuronium
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
34. Used intranasally and decreases bone resorption
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
Clonazepam
Agranulocytosis
35. Inhibits conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone therefore inhibiting corticosteroid synthesis
Dantrolene
Aminoglutethimide
Glucocorticoids
Dexamethasone suppression test
36. Carbamazepine may cause
Agranulocytosis
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)
Zolpidem
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
37. Amount of drug necessary to elicit a biologic effect; refers to the drug's strength
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
Potency
Nicotine
38. Drug that selectively inhibits COX 2
Theophylline
Celecoxib and rofecoxib
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence
Cimetidine
39. H1 blocker that is also a serotonin antagonist
Thiopental
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
Cyproheptadine
Na+/K+ exchange
40. Rapid acting insulins that do not self - aggregate
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
lispro insulin - aspart insulin - glulisine insulin
Na+/K+ exchange
Vitamin B12
41. Non - benzodiazepine used as an anxiolytic
Amitriptyline
Buspirone
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
Thyroxine
42. Site of action of loop diuretics
Thick ascending limb
LD50
Alprazolam
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
43. Treatment of patients with prior episodes of thrombocytopenia after a cycle of cancer chemotherapy
Nephrotoxicity
Aspirin
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
Clindamycin
44. Anti - seizure drugs used as alternative drugs for mood stabilization
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Lithium
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
45. Sedation is a common side effect of these drugs - they lower seizure threshold - uses include BAD - acute panic attacks - phobias - enuresis - and chronic pain and their overdose can be deadly
Regular (Humulin R)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Calcium
Paclitaxel (taxol)
46. Anemia caused by trimethoprim
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Edrophonium
Megaloblastic anemia
47. Agent with zero - order kinetics
Low therapeutic index
Tamsulosin
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
Ethanol
48. SE of minoxidil
Inhibits phosphodiesterase -5 - enhancing effects of nitric oxide - activated increases in cGMP
Sedation
Hypertrichosis
Hepatotoxicity
49. The selective agents loose their selectivity at
Phenylephrine
Vitamin B12
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
high doses
50. Example of three antidepressants that are indicated for obsessive compulsive disorder
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
Propranolol
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue