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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Chronic high dose abuse of nicotine leads to
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Epinephrine
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
2. Non - benzodiazepine used as an anxiolytic
Cevimeline
Steady state
Midodrine
Buspirone
3. Antidepressant which is inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes and may be associated with hepatic failure
Phenytoin
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
Hyperprolactinemia - menorrhea - galactorrhea - confusion - mood changes - decreased sexual interest - and weight gain
Nefazodone
4. These agents are used as antidiarrheal
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime
Cholinesterase regenerators - pralidoxime
Dexrazoxane
5. MOA of nateglinide
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Somatostatin
6. MOA of both generations
Risperidone
Theophylline
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Penicillamine
7. Anti - androgen used for hirsutism in females
Ketoconazole
Aztreonam
Acebutolol and atenolol
Cyproterone acetate
8. MOA of local anesthetics (LA's)
Cholinesterase regenerators - pralidoxime
C- peptide
Block voltage - dependent sodium channels
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
9. Class of antibiotics that have 10% cross sensitivity with penicillins
Cephalosporins
Platelet aggregation inhibition
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Alprazolam
10. Aspirin reduces mortality in unstable angina by
Meperidine
Oral
Platelet aggregation inhibition
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
11. All opioids except this agent (which has a muscarinic blocking action) cause pupillary constriction
Meperidine
Bile acid - binding resins
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Seizures
12. SE of acetaminophen
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Hepatotoxicity
Zolpidem
Mifepristone
13. Weak opioid agonist - poor analgesic - its overdose can cause severe toxicity including respiratory depression - circulatory collapse - pulmonary edema - and seizures
Propoxyphene
Clozapine
Gingival hyperplasia
EOS
14. Class II antiarrhythmics are
B- blockers
Echothiophate
Severe hypertension
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
15. Amount of drug necessary to elicit a biologic effect; refers to the drug's strength
Norepinephrine and serotonin
Potassium channel blockers
Phase I
Potency
16. DOC for malignant hyperthermia that may be caused by use of halogenated anesthetics
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
Dantrolene
Hyperkalemia
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
17. Side effect of sotalol
Salmeterol
Protamine
Mechlorethamine
prolongs QT and PR interval
18. Toxicity of these agents include bradycardia - AV blockade - exacerbation of acute CHF; signs of hypoglycemia may be masked (tachycardia - tremor - and anxiety)
Beta blockers
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate
Metronidazole
Uterine contractions
19. Drug ofter used in combination with TNF - alpha inhitors for RA
Beta1 agonists
Phenylephrine
Nifedipine
Methotrexate
20. May protect against doxorubicin toxicity by scavenging free radicals
Ethanol - fomepizole
Selegiline
Dexrazoxane
Zolpidem - zaleplon
21. Technique used to diagnose perianal itching - and the drug used to treat it
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation
Scopolamine - meclizine
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
Meperidine
22. Agent more frequently associated with extrapyramidal side effects that can be treated with benzodiazepine - diphenhydramine or muscarinic blocker
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Beta1 agonists
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
Haloperidol
23. SE for Lamotrigine
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism
Risperidone
Niacin
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
24. Clinical use for H2 blockers
Dobutamine
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
25. Major drug interaction with Quinidine
Increases concentration of Digoxin
Retinal destruction and dermatitis
Cyproterone acetate
Esmolol
26. Important in synthesis of glucose to glycogen in the liver
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
Drug induced Parkinsonism
GLUT 2
27. For rebound HTN from rapid clonidine withdrawal
Phentolamine
EOS
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Dry cough
28. Oral contraceptive available in a transdermal patch
Ortho - Evra
Log - kill hypothesis
Vancomycin - infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
29. Drug that causes contraction of the uterus
Fluoxetine
Cimetidine
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Oxytocin
30. Newer alpha 2 agonist (apraclonidine and brimonidine) treat glaucoma by acting to
Sodium channel blockers
Amphetamines
Reduce aqueous secretion
Timolol
31. Opioid antagonist that is given orally in alcohol dependency programs
Paclitaxel (taxol)
Minoxidil
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Naltrexone
32. Cheap wide spectrum antibiotic DOC for otitis media
Clozapine
Prinzmetal's angina
Cerebral hemorrhage
Amoxicillin
33. Used intranasally and decreases bone resorption
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
34. MOA of Leflunomide (newer agent)
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
Rescue therapy
Estrogen
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
35. SE for ticlopidine
REM is decreased
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis
Aztreonam
Anti - inflammatory - analgesia - antipyretic and antiplatelet activity
36. Lactam that can be used in PCN allergic patients
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Aztreonam
Propranolol
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
37. SE of procainamide
Lupus - like syndrome
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation
prolongs QT and PR interval
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
38. The most important sign of withdrawal syndrome
Insulin
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
39. Antivirals associated with neutropenia
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
40. Four main actions of NSAIDS
Erythromycin
Anti - inflammatory - analgesia - antipyretic and antiplatelet activity
Increasing sodium excretion and decreases arterial and venous tone
SEVERE myelosuppression
41. Opioid that can be given PO - by epidural - and IV - which helps to relieve the dyspnea of pulmonary edema
IV and IM (only LMW)
Lepirudin
Carbamazepine
Morphine
42. This may enhance activity of local anesthetics
Succinylcholine
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
Aminoglutethimide
Hyperkalemia
43. Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX
Somatostatin
NSAIDS
Cephalosporins
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
44. Only direct acting agent that is very lipid soluble and used in glaucoma
Pilocarpine
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Epinephrine
Leucovorin
45. Combined alpha and beta blocking agents that may have application in treatment of CHF
Hypoglycemia
Carbidopa
Labetalol and carvedilol
Entacapone and Tolcapone
46. Almost all local anesthetics have this property and sometimes require the administration of vasoconstrictors (ex. Epinephrine) to prolong activity
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
Vasodilation
Dantrolene
47. Used for SIADH
Sodium channel blockade
Alprazolam
Methotrexate
Demeclocycline
48. Long acting sympathomimetic - sometimes used to improve urinary continence in children and elderly with enuresis
Competitive antagonist
Ephedrine
Ondansetron - granisetron - dolasetron and alosetron
Mifepristone (RU-486)
49. Median toxic dose required for a toxic effect in 50% of the population
TD50
Diazepam
Primaquine
First generation due to being more lipid - soluble
50. Newer estrogen receptor antagonist used in advanced breast cancer
Sumatriptan
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
Toremifene (Fareston)
Gingival hyperplasia