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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
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comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Treat manifestations of Parkinson's disease and EPS
Benztropine - trihexyphenidyl
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Nausea
Pramipexole and ropinirole
2. These agents are used as antidiarrheal
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
Classic
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
3. Somatostatin (SRIF) analog used for acromegaly - carcinoid - glucagonoma and other GH producing pituitary tumors
Octreotide
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
Hepatic
B- blockers
4. Alpha 1 agonist toxicity
Ipratropium
Calcium
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Hypertension
5. Incidence of hyoglycemia with metformin
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
None
Clozapine
6. Prevents thrombosis in patients with artificial heart valve
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Mechlorethamine
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Dipyridamole
7. CCB contraindicated in CHF
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis
Verapamil
Serum ammonia and LFT's
Olanzapine
8. This agent used to treat dry mouth in Sj
Cevimeline
Minoxidil
Retinal destruction and dermatitis
Streptokinase
9. Agent used for acute muscle spasm
Cyclobenzaprine
Ketoconazole
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Bradykinin
10. ACTH analog used for diagnosis of patients with corticosteroid abnormality
Cosyntropin
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Thyroid and steroid hormones
Alpha1 agonists
11. GHRH analog used as diagnostic agent
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Oxidation - reduction - hydrolysis
Sermorelin
12. Most widely used thyroid drugs such as Synthroid and Levoxyl contain
Chloramphenicol
Irreversibly blocking cyclooxygenase
L- thyroxine (T4)
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
13. Lithium is associated with this congenital defect
Lithium
Phentolamine
Cocaine
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
14. DOC for Legionnaires' disease
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
Erythromycin
Ganciclovir
Hypoglycemia
15. Peakless ling acting insulin
Prazosin - terazosin and doxazosin (- AZOSIN ending)
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Full agonist
Insulin glargine
16. Long acting sympathomimetic - sometimes used to improve urinary continence in children and elderly with enuresis
Ephedrine
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
Deferoxamine
Nausea
17. MOA of both generations
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
First order kinetics
Aminoglutethimide
Miosis and constipation
18. This produces 'dissociative anesthesia' - is a cardiovascular stimulant which may increases intracranial pressure - and hallucinations occur during recovery
Magnesium sulfate
Affinity
Ketamine
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
19. Relates the amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Tamoxifen
Volume of distribution (VD)
Glucagon
20. Some cell cycle specific anti - cancer drugs
Penicillamine
Warfarin (PT)
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
Valproic acid - carbamazepine - phenytoin and gabapentin
21. Antidepressant also used for sleep that causes priapism
Trazodone
L- dopa
Dry cough
Hypoglycemia
22. MOA of corticosteroids
inhibit phospholipase A2
Propranolol
Acarbose
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
23. Intermediate acting glucocorticoids
Noncompetitive antagonist
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
Neuroleptanesthesia
24. This is combined with L- dopa - inhibits DOPA decarboxylase (active only peripherally) which allows lower effective doses of L- dopa and allows for fewer SE's (GI distress - postural hypotension - and dyskinesias)
Diazepam
Ketoconazole
Carbidopa
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
25. NSAID also available as an ophthalmic preparation
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Bleeding
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
26. SE of beta blockers
Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime
Prednisone
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)
Halothane
27. Potassium sparing diuretics inhibit
Full agonist
Na+/K+ exchange
Little C- peptide
Succinylcholine
28. Common SE of tamoxifen and raloxifene
Halothane
Flumazenil
Hot flashes
Bupropion
29. Inhibits conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone therefore inhibiting corticosteroid synthesis
Propranolol
Aminoglutethimide
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
Glucagon
30. Inhibitor of leukotrienes (LTD4) receptors and used in asthma
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
Nicotine
Zafirlukast and montelukast
Ability to cross the placenta
31. Regimen used for non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
CHOP (cyclophosphamide - doxorubicin - vincristine - and prednisone) plus rituximab
Demeclocycline
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)
Amitriptyline
32. Agent that is a partial agonist for the 5- HT1A receptor
Buspirone
Osteoporosis - Paget's disease - and osteolytic bone lesions - and hypercalcemia from malignancy
Nesiritide (BNP)
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
33. Constant proportion of cell population killed rather than a constant number
Haloperidol
Caffeine
Nausea
Log - kill hypothesis
34. Thiazolidinediones
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Clindamycin
Most are thought to act at GABA- A receptor - chloride channel
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
35. Biguanide
IV and IM (only LMW)
Corticosteroids
Metformin
Clomipramine
36. Opioid that can be given PO - by epidural - and IV - which helps to relieve the dyspnea of pulmonary edema
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
Aspirin
Arginine
Morphine
37. Non - benzodiazepine used as an anxiolytic
Buspirone
Primaquine
Amiodarone
Ethanol
38. Treatment of myasthenia gravis
Pyridostigmine
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Leucovorin
Clonidine - and methyldopa
39. Rapid acting - crystalline zinc insulin used to reverse acute hyperglycemia
Lupus - like syndrome
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Regular (Humulin R)
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
40. First generation sulfonylurea
Indirectly increase intracellular calcium and cardiac contractility by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Ganciclovir
41. Sedation is a common side effect of these drugs - they lower seizure threshold - uses include BAD - acute panic attacks - phobias - enuresis - and chronic pain and their overdose can be deadly
Pulse therapy
Digoxin
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
42. MOA of metformin
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity
IV administration
Indomethacin
Uterine contractions
43. ADH agonist used for pituitary diabetes insipidus
Prednisone
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
Zafirlukast and montelukast
44. Very rapid acting insulin - having fastest onset and shortest duration of action
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Lupus - like syndrome
Full agonist
Miosis and constipation
45. TCA used in chronic pain - a hypnotic - and has marked antimuscarinic effects
Dexrazoxane
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
Amitriptyline
Cefixime (3rd) generation
46. Newer estrogen receptor antagonist used in advanced breast cancer
Naltrexone
Older antipsychotics
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
Toremifene (Fareston)
47. Treatment of atropine overdose and glaucoma (because lipid soluable). Enters the CNS rapidly and has a stimulant effect - which may lead to convulsions
CNS stimulation; GI upset
Pyridostigmine
Physostigmine
Amantadine
48. Inhaled anesthetic - less likely to lower blood pressure than other agents - and has the smallest effect on respiration
Nitrous oxide
GLUT 2
Minoxidil
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
49. Benzodiazepine receptor antagonist - it accelerates recovery from benzodiazepine overdose
Erythromycin
Log - kill hypothesis
Flumazenil
Calcium
50. Aspirin reduces mortality in unstable angina by
Platelet aggregation inhibition
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
Thioridazine
Vasodilation
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