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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
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comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This beta blocker lacks local anesthetic activity (a property which decreases protective reflexes and increases the risk of corneal ulceration) and used in treating glaucoma
Pralidoxime
Timolol
Naloxone
Streptomycin
2. Alternative anticoagulant used if HIT develops
Lepirudin
Pramipexole and ropinirole
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Ticlopidine
3. Methyldopa is contraindicated in
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
GABA- related targets
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Fluoxetine
4. Anti - rheumatic agent also used for Chron's disease
Infliximab
Valproic acid
Pulse therapy
Gynecomastia
5. Enhances dopaminergic neurotransmission SE's include CNS excitation - acute toxic psychosis and livedo reticularis
Amantadine
Seizures
Respiratory failure
Protamine
6. Presynaptic Alpha 2 agonist used in HTN - and acts centrally
Clonidine - and methyldopa
CNS depressants
Oral
Raloxifene
7. Benzodiazepine with useful relaxant effects in skeletal muscle spasticity of central origin
N- acetylcysteine
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Diazepam
Peripheral neuropathy (also excessive alcohol use is associated with HTN - anemia - and MI)
8. Most common side effect of 1st generation antihistamines
Mannitol
Niacin
Sedation
Infants
9. NSAID available orally - IM and ophthalmically
Steady state
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Ketoralac
10. Approved for use in severe pulmonary HTN
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
Ganciclovir
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
11. Bronchodilation in asthma and COPD
Irreversibly blocking cyclooxygenase
Ipratropium
Doxepin
Primaquine
12. 5 alpha - reductase inhibitor used for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and male pattern baldness
Propranolol
Risperidone
Serum ammonia and LFT's
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
13. Intermediate acting glucocorticoids
Bleomycin
Cerebral hemorrhage
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
Isoflurane
14. Atypical antipsychotic causing high prolactin levels
Zolpidem
Venlafaxine
Risperidone
Maprotiline
15. Acetaminophen only has
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
First generation due to being more lipid - soluble
16. Used for Cushing's syndrome (increased corticosteroid)
SSRI's - bupropion - and venlafaxine
Dexamethasone suppression test
Xanthine oxidase
Testosterone
17. DOC to treat chemo - induced nausea and vomiting
Scopolamine - meclizine
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Odansetron
Protease inhibitors
18. Antidote to benzodiazepine overdose (antagonist that reverses the CNS effects)
Pulse therapy
Flumazenil
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Calcium
19. GHRH analog used as diagnostic agent
GFR
Organic nitrites
Sermorelin
Naloxone
20. This may antagonize activity of local anesthetics
Benztropine
Tamsulosin
Hypercalcemia
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
21. Population group especially sensitive to side effects of antidepressants
Rifampin - Isoniazid - Pyrazinamide - and Ethambutol
Chloramphenicol
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
Elderly patients
22. Angiotensin receptor blockers do Not cause
Alprostadil
Reduce aqueous secretion
Dry cough
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
23. Amount of drug necessary to elicit a biologic effect; refers to the drug's strength
Terbutaline
Potency
GI bleeding
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
24. MOA for Ethosuximide
Calcium channels
Thyroxine
Salmeterol
Alprazolam
25. Irreversible - nonselective COX inhibitor
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Amrinone and milrinone
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Aspirin
26. Products of Phase II conjugation
Aztreonam
TD50
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
27. MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide) - class IB (eg. Lidocaine) - and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics
Vancomycin
Specificity
Sodium channel blockers
Ketoconazole
28. Term for a narrow margin of safety
Vitamin B12
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
Low therapeutic index
29. Treatment of motion sickness
Reduce aqueous secretion
Haloperidol
Scopolamine - meclizine
REM is decreased
30. This is the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock
Diazepam
Low therapeutic index
Epinephrine
Ribavirin
31. Drugs of choice for absence seizures
Dobutamine and dopamine
Propranolol
Ethosuximide and valproic acid
Lupus - like syndrome
32. Agent that inhibits alcohol dyhydrogenase and its clinical use
Megaloblastic anemia
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
Protease inhibitors
33. DOC for Legionnaires' disease
Somatrem
Zolpidem - zaleplon
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Erythromycin
34. Agents for reduction of postpartum bleeding
Spasmolytic drugs
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Amitriptyline
35. Agent with zero - order kinetics
L- dopa
Ethanol
Nitroprusside
Benztropine - trihexyphenidyl
36. Very rapid acting insulin - having fastest onset and shortest duration of action
Phenytoin
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Pentoxifylline
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis
37. Blows DNA (breaks DNA strands) - limiting SE is pulmonary fibrosis
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
Dopamine
Bleomycin
Cyproheptadine
38. Antidote used for carbon monoxide poisoning
Antithrombin 3
Ticlopidine
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
2 to 3 weeks
39. Beta - blockers should be used cautiously in
Lithium toxicity
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Amiodarone
40. Toxicity of anticholinergics
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Risperidone
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation
41. Diuretic used for mountain sickness and glaucoma
Acetazolamide
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
42. MOA of repaglinide
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
Digibind
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)
Primaquine
43. Adenosine's MOA
Muscarinic blockers
Specificity
Increase the DURATION of GABA- mediated chloride ion channels
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
44. MOA of general anesthetics
Most are thought to act at GABA- A receptor - chloride channel
Full agonist
Diazepam
Classic
45. Most important potential SE of metformin
Neuroleptanesthesia
Aminocaproic acid
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.
Lactic acidosis
46. Reason ergot alkaloids are contraindicated in pregnancy
Uterine contractions
Methoxyflurane
Rifampin - Isoniazid - Pyrazinamide - and Ethambutol
Cholinesterase regenerators - pralidoxime
47. Anti - thyroid drugs
Desflurane
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Methotrexate
48. H1 antagonist used in motion sickness
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
Letrozole - anastrozole
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Constipation - edema - and headache
49. Period of time of therapy after which GC therapy will need to be tapered
5-7 days
CHOP (cyclophosphamide - doxorubicin - vincristine - and prednisone) plus rituximab
Beta - blockers
Uterine contractions
50. Prostaglandins that cause abortions
Atropine
Autocoids
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
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