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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1, comlex

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Anti - Parkinson's drug which increases intraocular pressure and is contraindicated in closed angle glaucoma
Cevimeline
Levodopa
Pulse therapy
SEVERE myelosuppression

2. Anti - thyroid drugs
Esmolol
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Risperidone

3. During Phase I these agents worsen muscle paralysis by succinylcholine - but during phase II they reverse the blockade produced by succinylcholine
Thioridazine
Naloxone
Antithrombin 3
Cholinesterase inhibitors

4. Agent effective in physiologic and essential tremor
Midazolam
Propranolol
Acetazolamide
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)

5. Maximum response achieveable from a drug
Efficacy
Lupus - like syndrome
High therapeutic index
Retinal destruction and dermatitis

6. Agent with long duration of action and is most likely to cause histamine release
Tubocurarine
Neuroleptanesthesia
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)

7. GnRH agonist used for infertility or different types of CA depending on pulsatile or steady usage respectively
Odansetron
Dry cough
Leuprolide
Steady state

8. Vitamin given with calcium to ensure proper absorption
Suramin
Vitamin D
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
5- flouracil (5- FU)

9. SE of HMG COA reductase inhibitors
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Cutaneous flush
Hypoglycemia
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity

10. Some cell cycle non - specific drugs
Acetazolamide
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity

11. Drugs decrease intestinal absorption of cholesterol
Dextroamphetamines and methamphetamine
Bile acid - binding resins
Vancomycin - infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines
Nitrites

12. TCA used in chronic pain - a hypnotic - and has marked antimuscarinic effects
Amitriptyline
Raloxifene (SERM- selective estrogen receptor modulator)
Agranulocytosis
Metronidazole

13. Major effect of benzodiazepines on sleep at high doses
REM is decreased
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Dimercaprol
Nitrous oxide

14. Opioids used in anesthesia
Morphine and fentanyl
Lithium toxicity
Minoxidil
Tamsulosin

15. SE of clonidine
Hypertensive crisis
Rebound HTN - sedation - dry mouth
B- blockers
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea

16. SE of phenytoin
Gingival hyperplasia
nephro and ototoxicity
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
ACE inhibitors

17. This beta blocker is the longest acting
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Streptokinase
Nadolol
Sodium channel blockers

18. Atypical antipsychotic causing high prolactin levels
Risperidone
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
Nitrous oxide
Diphendydramine

19. Toxicity caused by nitroprusside and treatment
Repaglinide
Albuterol
Protamine
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate

20. Treatment of atropine overdose and glaucoma (because lipid soluable). Enters the CNS rapidly and has a stimulant effect - which may lead to convulsions
Ipodate
Physostigmine
Tolerance
Cutaneous flush

21. Side effect of sotalol
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
prolongs QT and PR interval
Acebutolol and atenolol
Amphetamines

22. SelectiveB1 Receptor blockers that may be useful in treating patients even though they have asthma
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Acebutolol - atenolol - esmolol - metoprolol
Epinephrine
Cocaine 'super - speed'

23. Limiting adverse effect of ganglion blockade that patients usually are unable to tolerate
Severe hypertension
Amphetamines
Cardiac dysfunction - photosensitivity - skin (blue smurf syndrome) - Pulmonary fibrosis - thyroid and corneal deposits
lispro insulin - aspart insulin - glulisine insulin

24. Osmotic diuretic used to treat increased intracranial pressure
Dopamine
Point mutation
Mannitol
Somatrem

25. Agent that inhibits alcohol dyhydrogenase and its clinical use
Buspirone
Log - kill hypothesis
Ipodate
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion

26. Anti - viral with a dose limiting toxicity of pancreatitis
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Serum ammonia and LFT's
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Didanosine

27. Tolerance is marked and abstinence syndrome occurs
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Trazodone
Amphetamines
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects

28. Toxicity of organophosphate:
Deferoxamine
Insulin glargine
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)

29. Dopamine (DA) agonist (for Parkinson's disease) - used also for hyperprolactinemia
Phentolamine
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
Lupus - like syndrome
Bromocriptine

30. Agents having active metabolites - long half lives - and a high incidence of adverse effects
Bromocriptine
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
Tolerance
Amitriptyline

31. Agent that is teratogen and causes a fetal syndrome
Amoxicillin
Cocaine 'super - speed'
Respiratory failure
Ethanol

32. This agent may cause more severe - rapid and intense symptoms to a recovering addict
Naloxone
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone
Leucovorin
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome

33. These beta blockers are less lipid soluble
Acebutolol and atenolol
Cyproterone acetate
Succinylcholine
Baclofen

34. Somatostatin (SRIF) analog used for acromegaly - carcinoid - glucagonoma and other GH producing pituitary tumors
Octreotide
Dolasetron
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Prolonged half - life - up to six weeks

35. Class of antibiotics that have 10% cross sensitivity with penicillins
Hypoglycemia
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
Cocaine
Cephalosporins

36. Presynaptic Alpha 2 agonist used in HTN - and acts centrally
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
C- peptide
Clonidine - and methyldopa

37. SE of mirtazapine
C- peptide
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
Erythropoietin
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)

38. DOC for giardia - bacterial vaginosis - pseudomembranous colitis - and trichomonas
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
Metronidazole
Elderly patients
Morphine - methadone - meperidine - and fentanyl

39. Available bisphosphonates
Severe hypertension
Halothane and methoxyflurane
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid

40. Cephalosporins Not able to cross the BBB
Pancuronium
Folic acid
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Cefixime (3rd) generation

41. Antidote used for warfarin toxicity
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Testicular cancer
Levodopa
Carvedilol

42. Fibrates are contraindicated in
Cyclobenzaprine
Pregnancy
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents

43. Agents that reduce heart rate - contractility - and O2 demand
Leucovorin
Beta - blockers
Haloperidol or pimozide
Sodium bicarbonate

44. Type of kinetics when a constant percentage of substrate is metabolized per unit time
Adenosine
Potential for development of Reye's syndrome
First order kinetics
nephro and ototoxicity

45. Common mechanism by which overdose result in death
Disulfiram
SEVERE myelosuppression
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
Pindolol and acebutolol

46. Cephalosporins able to cross the BBB
Specificity
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
Rescue therapy
Increased thromboembolic events

47. This agent regenerates active cholinesterase and is a chemical antagonist used to treat organophosphate exposure
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
Cisplatin
Pralidoxime
Sumatriptan

48. Nonselective alpha - blocking drug - long acting and irreversible - and used to treat pheochromocytoma. Blocks 5- HT - so occasionaly used for carcinoid tumor. Blocks H1 and used in mastocytosis
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
Sedation
Phenoxybenzamine

49. Only member of depolarizing neuromuscular blocker - causes fasciculation during induction and muscle pain after use; has short duration of action
Na+/K+ exchange
Succinylcholine
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)

50. DOC for influenza A
Vancomycin - infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines
Amantadine
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Acetazolamide