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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Antidote used for anticholinergic poisoning
Amiodarone
Aminocaproic acid
Physostigmine
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
2. Regimen used for breast cancer
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
Nausea
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
3. These Beta blockers decrease aqueous secretion
Thick ascending limb
Amphetamines
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
Ascending pathways
4. Dose which is lethal to 50% of the population
Hyperkalemia
PTU
LD50
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
5. Toxicity of amphotericin
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
Nephrotoxicity
Insulin
6. Antidote used in poisonings: copper (Wilson's disease) - lead - mercury - and arsenic
Acarbose
Capsaicin
Clomipramine
Penicillamine
7. Used for hairy cell leukemia; it stimulates NK cells
Mirtazapine
Full agonist
Interferon alpha
Cholinesterase regenerators - pralidoxime
8. Endogenous insulin contains
Norepinephrine and serotonin
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
Normal C- peptide
Cocaine
9. Uses of bisphosphonates
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10. Agent that inhibits alcohol dyhydrogenase and its clinical use
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
Naloxone
Hepatotoxicity
Ganirelix
11. MOA of repaglinide
Clomipramine
Mannitol
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
Sodium bicarbonate
12. Lethal arrhythmias resulting from concurrent therapy with azole fungals (metabolized by CYP 3A4) and these antihistamines which inhibit the 3A4 iso - enzyme.
First pass effect
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)
Infliximab
Vancomycin - infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines
13. SE of Aspirin
LFT's
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
Torsades de pointes
GI bleeding
14. Anti - estrogen used for estrogen receptor + breast cancer
Ultralente (humulin U)
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
Tamoxifen
Paclitaxel (taxol)
15. Relates the amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
Niacin
Volume of distribution (VD)
Olanzapine
16. Common SE of sulfonylureas - repaglinide - and nateglinide
Leucovorin
Hypoglycemia
Hydroxychloroquine
Cytomel
17. Prevention of cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Etidronate
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)
Rheumatic disease
18. Cause dizziness - tachycardia - hypotension - and flushing
Classic
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
Penicillamine
Organic nitrites
19. CCB with predominate effect on arteriole dilation
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Acebutolol and atenolol
Cocaine
Nifedipine
20. Treatment of resistant pseudomembranous colitis
ORAL vancomycin
Zolpidem - zaleplon
Pulse therapy
Digibind
21. 2nd generation antihistamines
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Fexofenadine - loratadine - and cetirizine
Phentolamine
Esmolol
22. SE of ergot alkaloids
Halothane
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
23. Antidote for salicylate intoxication
Calcium channels
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
Lepirudin
Hepatic
24. Anti - seizure drugs used also for Trigeminal neuralgia
Carbamazepine
Hypertrichosis
Sodium channel blockade
Tizanidine
25. Anti - seizure medication also used in the prevention of migraines
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
Valproic acid
EOS
26. DOC for giardia - bacterial vaginosis - pseudomembranous colitis - and trichomonas
Acute intermittent porphyria
'On - off - phenomenon'
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
Metronidazole
27. Anti - viral agents associated with Stephen Johnson syndrome
Repaglinide
Nevirapine - amprenavir
Niacin
Magnesium sulfate
28. SE of lithium
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
Reducing preload
Zero order kinetics
Physostigmine
29. Drug increases the renal clearance hence decreases levels of lithium
Physostigmine
Theophylline
Cocaine 'super - speed'
L- dopa
30. Thiazolidinediones
Spironolactone
Kidneys
Amoxapine
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
31. Most inhaled anesthetics SE
Sulfonamides
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
Mast cell stabilizer
Decrease arterial blood pressure
32. Non - steroidal estrogen agonist causes clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina in daughters of women who used it during pregnancy
Cocaine
Ethanol
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Antithrombin 3
33. Neurotoxicity with isoniazid (INH) prevented by
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
Pancuronium
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
34. Anti - thyroid drugs
Testosterone
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Sedation
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
35. Alternative anticoagulant used if HIT develops
Carbamazepine
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Lepirudin
Beta blockers
36. Long acting sympathomimetic - sometimes used to improve urinary continence in children and elderly with enuresis
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Ephedrine
Vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma
37. Acetaminophen only has
L- thyroxine (T4)
Cyclophosphamide
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
Ability to cross the placenta
38. MOA of NSAIDS
GABA- related targets
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia
Constipation - edema - and headache
39. Loops lose and thiazide diuretics retain
Hyperprolactinemia - menorrhea - galactorrhea - confusion - mood changes - decreased sexual interest - and weight gain
Calcium
Oral
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
40. Used especially in postmenopausal women - dosage should be 1500 mg
Rescue therapy
Calcium
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
41. Radio contrast media that inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3
Overdose of opioids
Ipodate
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
Phenoxybenzamine
42. Mechanisms of action for Phenytoin - Carbamazepine - Lamotrigine
Dry cough
Phase I
Sodium channel blockade
Kidneys
43. These agents are used as antidiarrheal
Bromocriptine
Cardiac dysfunction - photosensitivity - skin (blue smurf syndrome) - Pulmonary fibrosis - thyroid and corneal deposits
Physostigmine
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
44. Captopril and enalapril (- OPRIL ending) are
Log - kill hypothesis
Fentanyl
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
ACE inhibitors
45. DOC to treat chemo - induced nausea and vomiting
Odansetron
Ketoralac
Organic nitrites
Classic
46. Leads to respiratory depression progressing to coma and death
Overdose of opioids
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
Little C- peptide
47. DOC for herpes and its MOA
Calcium channels
Echothiophate
Naloxone
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
48. The elimination of drug that occurs before it reaches the systemic circulation
Increases concentration of Digoxin
Potassium channel blockers
First pass effect
Cutaneous flush
49. Limiting side effect of Quinidine
Prolongs QT interval
Inhibits phosphodiesterase -5 - enhancing effects of nitric oxide - activated increases in cGMP
Amantadine
Aspirin
50. MOA of loop diuretics
REM is decreased
Bioavailability (F)
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
L- dopa
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