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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
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comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For rebound HTN from rapid clonidine withdrawal
Amantadine
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
Morphine
Phentolamine
2. Aspirin is contraindicated in children with viral infection
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3. Two toxicities of aminoglycosides
nephro and ototoxicity
Cyproterone acetate
Skeletal muscle tremor - tachycardia
Pyridostigmine
4. This may enhance activity of local anesthetics
Adenosine
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Hyperkalemia
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
5. SE of acetaminophen
Haloperidol
Somatostatin
Odansetron
Hepatotoxicity
6. Alpha 1selective blockers
Therapeutic index
Pregnancy
Naloxone (IV) - naltrexone (PO)
Prazosin - terazosin and doxazosin (- AZOSIN ending)
7. Fluoride released by metabolism of this inhaled anesthetic may cause renal insufficiency
Half - life (T1/2)
Methoxyflurane
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Ferrous sulfate
8. SE of AGI's
Ephedrine
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
Leuprolide
9. Agent used in acutely decompensated CHF resembling natriuretic peptide
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Arginine
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
Fluoxetine (Sarafem)
10. Mineralocorticoids
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
Organic nitrites
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
11. Drug that selectively inhibits COX 2
Carbamazepine
Lepirudin
Celecoxib and rofecoxib
Xanthine oxidase
12. Used intravenously for acute arrhythmias during surgery
Esmolol
Celecoxib
EOS
First order kinetics
13. This agent has greater affinity for muscarinic receptors and used for postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
Echothiophate
Aspirin
Bethanechol
Cholinesterase inhibitors
14. This is the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock
Phenytoin
Epinephrine
Caffeine
Tissue plasmin activator
15. Agent used in drug therapy of Parkinson's instead of Dopamine which has low bioavailability and does not cross the BBB
Cholinesterase regenerators - pralidoxime
Valproic acid
L- dopa
Desflurane
16. Digoxin is used in
Most are thought to act at GABA- A receptor - chloride channel
Angiotensin receptor
Tertiary amines
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
17. Anti - androgen used for hirsutism in females
Metrifonate
Cyproterone acetate
Deferoxamine
Penicillamine
18. Vancomycin MOA
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Physostigmine
Epinephrine
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
19. DOC for RSV
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
Mivacurium
Ribavirin
20. Drug used for N. gonorrhea in females
Ceftriaxone
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Classic
21. One depolarizing blocker that causes continuous depolarization and results in muscle relaxation and paralysis - causes muscle pain postoperatively and myoglobinuria may occur
Succinylcholine
Chemical esophagitis
Somatostatin
Indomethacin
22. Agent that is teratogen and causes a fetal syndrome
Specificity
Ethanol
Low therapeutic index
Regular (Humulin R)
23. Term for a high margin of safety
High therapeutic index
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
Anti - inflammatory - analgesia - antipyretic and antiplatelet activity
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
24. Inversely related to potency of anesthetics
Cerebral hemorrhage
Pindolol and acebutolol
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
25. Anti - arrhythmics that decrease mortality
Pralidoxime
B- blockers
'dry as a bone - red as a beet - mad as a hatter - hot as a hare - blind as a bat'
CNS toxicity
26. Antidote used for iron salt toxicity
Erythromycin
Deferoxamine
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
Thiopental
27. Drug of choice for generalized anxiety disorder - Not effective in acute anxiety
Arteries and veins
Erythromycin
Buspirone
Lepirudin
28. 1st generation antihistamine that is least sedating
CNS stimulation; GI upset
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
Lepirudin
29. MOA of Leflunomide (newer agent)
Propofol
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
Anterograde amnesia
Infliximab
30. Diuretic used for mountain sickness and glaucoma
Chemical esophagitis
Acetazolamide
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Sedation
31. What do alpha cells in the pancreas produce?
GLUT 4
Glucagon
Prolongs QT interval
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
32. Products of Phase II conjugation
Nateglinide
'dry as a bone - red as a beet - mad as a hatter - hot as a hare - blind as a bat'
L- asparaginase
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
33. Antidote used for anticholinergic poisoning
Physostigmine
Cartilage damage
Steady state
Malathion
34. Major SE of zileuton
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
Liver toxicity
Midazolam
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
35. Anti - seizure drugs used also for Trigeminal neuralgia
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis
Diphenhydramine and cimetridine - respectively
Tamsulosin
Carbamazepine
36. A hormone whose MOA utilizes transmembrane receptors
Insulin
Partial agonist
Dry cough - hyperkalemia
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
37. Antidepressant inhibiting norepinephrine - serotonin - and dopamine reuptake
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Venlafaxine
PCP
38. DOC for herpes and its MOA
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
Ticlopidine
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Protease inhibitors
39. Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity
N- acetylcysteine
Dolasetron
Bleeding
Ketamine
40. Agents used in Huntington's Disease
Hepatic enzymes
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD
Tetrabenazine (amine depleting drug) - Haloperidol (antipsychotic)
Epinephrine
41. This beta blocker is highly lipid soluble and may account for side effects such as nightmares
Tissue plasmin activator
Propranolol
Carbenicillin - piperacillin and ticarcillin
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
42. Drugs decrease intestinal absorption of cholesterol
Opioid Analgesics
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Oral
Bile acid - binding resins
43. Most common side effect of 1st generation antihistamines
Flumazenil
Sedation
Pregnancy
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
44. SE of Amiodarone
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Dantrolene
Cardiac dysfunction - photosensitivity - skin (blue smurf syndrome) - Pulmonary fibrosis - thyroid and corneal deposits
45. Benzodiazepines used to promote sleep
Etidronate
Rifampin
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
46. Class of anti - arrhythmics that has a pro - arrhythmic effect (CAST trial) - therefore are used as last line agents
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
Ipratropium
Aspirin
47. Drug used in Chagas disease
Nifurtimox
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
48. Primary endogenous substrate for Nitric Oxidase Synthase
Arginine
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma
Bromocriptine
49. SE of mirtazapine
Nondepolarizing type antagonists
Minoxidil
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
Beta blockers
50. DOC for management of acute ventricular arrhythmias
Uterine contractions
Nondepolarizing type antagonists
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
Amiodarone
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