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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1, comlex

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Antiarrhythmic that exhibits Class II and III properties
Adenosine
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
Sotalol
Leuprolide

2. Nitrate free intervals are needed due to
Tubocurarine
Clonazepam
Tolerance
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease

3. Some side effects of corticosteroids
Regular (Humulin R)
Streptokinase
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Tetrabenazine (amine depleting drug) - Haloperidol (antipsychotic)

4. Inhaled anesthetics are myocardial depressants
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
Iodide salts
Enflurane and halothane
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2

5. Opioid that can be given PO - by epidural - and IV - which helps to relieve the dyspnea of pulmonary edema
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
Clopidogrel and ticlopidine
Nitroprusside
Morphine

6. Toxic effect of anticancer drug can be lessened by rescue agents
Fluoxetine
Rescue therapy
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Dobutamine and dopamine

7. Agent used in the treatment of alcoholism - if alcohol is consumed concurrently - acetaldehyde builds up and results in nausea - headache - flushing - and hypotension
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
Classic
Disulfiram

8. Common toxicities of cisplatin
Gingival hyperplasia
Nephro and ototoxicity
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)

9. Anti - rheumatic agent also used for ulcerative colitis
Salmeterol
high doses
Sulfasalazine
Clozapine

10. Thioamide less likely to cross placenta - inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 in high doses - and should be used with extreme caution in pregnancy
Acarbose - miglitol
PTU
Tissue plasmin activator
Caffeine

11. MOA of nystatin
Amoxicillin
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Pulmonary embolism and DVT

12. Ergot alkaloid used as an illicit drug
Bromocriptine
Entacapone and Tolcapone
LSD
Beta blockers

13. This agent regenerates active cholinesterase and is a chemical antagonist used to treat organophosphate exposure
Pralidoxime
Thiopental
Antithrombin 3
Seizures

14. First generation sulfonylurea
Hepatotoxicity
Corticosteroids
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.
Positive Comb's test - depression

15. Agent used to treat chronic gout by increasing uric acid secretion and excretion
Dantrolene
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Bromocriptine
PGE1

16. Vitamins containing iron should Not be taken simultaneously with levothyroxine because
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
Gynecomastia
Clonazepam
Iron deiodinates thyroxine

17. MOA of drug or foods (grapefruit juice) that increase statin effect
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
Chemical esophagitis
lispro insulin - aspart insulin - glulisine insulin

18. Sympathetic agent which stimulates heart rate and can dilate vessels in skeletal muscle at low doses
Flumazenil
Epinephrine
Constipation - edema - and headache
Entacapone and Tolcapone

19. Prevents thrombosis in patients with artificial heart valve
Dipyridamole
Ephedrine
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
Vancomycin

20. Antiprogestin used as potent antagonist of GC receptor
Succinylcholine
Dexamethasone suppression test
Mifepristone
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence

21. Drug used in Chagas disease
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Zolpidem - zaleplon
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Nifurtimox

22. Uses of bisphosphonates

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23. Agents used in treatment of carcinoid tumor
Ketanserin cyproheptadine - and phenoxybenzamine
Lactic acidosis
Pentoxifylline
Terbutaline

24. Anti - biotic frequently used for chronic UTI prophylaxis
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
Capsaicin
Sodium channel blockers
GLUT 4

25. SE of salicylates
Suramin
Fomepizole
Serotonin syndrome
Tinnitus - GI bleeding

26. Barbiturates may precipitate this hematologic condition
Albuterol
Acute intermittent porphyria
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin

27. Drug used in exoerythrocytic cycle of malaria
Hypercalcemia
Thiopental
Calcium
Primaquine

28. Examples of alpha - glucosidase inhibitors (AGI)
Aminoglutethimide
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
Acarbose - miglitol

29. Acetaminophen only has
Ascending pathways
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
Diclofenac - ketoralac

30. Opioid associated with respiratory depression - but is used in high risk patients who may not survive full general anesthetia
Aspirin
Fentanyl
Naloxone (IV) - naltrexone (PO)
Alkalinize urine - dialysis

31. Agents used in Huntington's Disease
Tetrabenazine (amine depleting drug) - Haloperidol (antipsychotic)
Zolpidem
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
Morphine and fentanyl

32. Class of drugs with ability to decrease the maximal response to an agonist
ACE inhibitors
Noncompetitive antagonist
Hydralazine
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate

33. Moderate opioid agonists
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
Cyclobenzaprine
TD50

34. DOC for Legionnaires' disease
SSRIs
Erythromycin
Cyclobenzaprine
Metformin

35. Osmotic diuretic used to treat increased intracranial pressure
Mannitol
Zolpidem - zaleplon
'dry as a bone - red as a beet - mad as a hatter - hot as a hare - blind as a bat'
Phenytoin

36. Digoxin toxicity can be precipitated by
Hypokalemia
Midazolam
Reduce aqueous secretion
Alpha1 agonists

37. SE of nitrates
Insulin
Cocaine 'super - speed'
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
Positive Comb's test - depression

38. Difference between aspirin and other NSAIDS
Decreased micro and macro vascular disease
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Scopolamine - meclizine

39. Most frequent route of metabolism
Hepatic enzymes
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
Hypoglycemia
Pralidoxime - atropine

40. All opioids except this agent (which has a muscarinic blocking action) cause pupillary constriction
Potential for development of Reye's syndrome
Meperidine
St. Anthony's Fire
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin

41. Agent that inhibits hepatic metabolism - is hepatotoxic and teratogen that can cause neural tube defects and gastrointestinal distress
Isoflurane
Thyroid and steroid hormones
Benztropine - trihexyphenidyl
Valproic acid

42. Lethal arrhythmias resulting from concurrent therapy with azole fungals (metabolized by CYP 3A4) and these antihistamines which inhibit the 3A4 iso - enzyme.
Buspirone
Acebutolol and atenolol
Cutaneous flush
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)

43. Major route of elimination for Lithium
Partial agonist
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
Kidneys
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity

44. Antiplatelet drug reserved for patients allergic to aspirin
Ticlopidine
Nephrotoxicity
Phentolamine
Methotrexate

45. Monitoring parameter to obtain before initiation of STATINS

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46. Vascular effects of metformin
Physostigmine
Decreased micro and macro vascular disease
Thiopental
Phenylephrine

47. H1 antagonist used in motion sickness
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
ORAL vancomycin
Dobutamine and dopamine
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation

48. Anti - seizure drugs used as alternative drugs for mood stabilization
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Phenoxybenzamine
Pyridostigmine
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic

49. Triptan available in parenteral and nasal formulation
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Sumatriptan

50. DOC for digoxin induced arrhythmias
Torsades de pointes
Respiratory failure
Phenytoin
Cardiac dysfunction - photosensitivity - skin (blue smurf syndrome) - Pulmonary fibrosis - thyroid and corneal deposits