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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Longer acting benzodiazepines used in the management of withdrawal states of alcohol and other drugs
Sodium channel blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Low therapeutic index
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
2. Inhibitors of CYP450
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
GLUT 2
Methoxyflurane
3. Used intravenously for acute arrhythmias during surgery
Diazepam
Esmolol
Low therapeutic index
Suramin
4. A hormone whose mechanism of action (MOA) utilizes intracellular receptors
Atracurium
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
Thyroid and steroid hormones
Haloperidol
5. Agent that inhibits alcohol dyhydrogenase and its clinical use
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
Ability to cross the placenta
Nesiritide (BNP)
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
6. Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX
Sodium channel blockers
NSAIDS
Lipoprotein lipase
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate
7. Disease caused by excess ergot alkaloids
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8. Distribution of histamine receptors H1 - H2 - and H3
Levodopa
Metformin
Letrozole - anastrozole
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
9. Thioamide agents used in hyperthyroidism
Na+/K+ exchange
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Esmolol
10. DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)
Adenosine
Pentoxifylline
Severe hypertension
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
11. Agent more frequently associated with extrapyramidal side effects that can be treated with benzodiazepine - diphenhydramine or muscarinic blocker
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Haloperidol
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
12. Antipsychotics that reduce positive symptoms only
Red urine discoloration
Ketanserin cyproheptadine - and phenoxybenzamine
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Older antipsychotics
13. Rapid acting - crystalline zinc insulin used to reverse acute hyperglycemia
Regular (Humulin R)
Propoxyphene
Zolpidem - zaleplon
Amiodarone
14. MOA of cisplatin
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
GLUT 4
Imipramine
Alkylating agent
15. Side effects occuring in antipsychotics that block dopamine
Interferon alpha
Hyperprolactinemia - menorrhea - galactorrhea - confusion - mood changes - decreased sexual interest - and weight gain
None
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
16. MOA of nateglinide
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
Corticosteroids
Esmolol
17. Newer atypical antipsychotics that also improve some of the negative symptoms and help acute agitation
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
Toremifene (Fareston)
Benzodiazepines and calcium channel blockers
Torsades de pointes
18. Antidote used for opioid toxicity
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
Hypertensive crisis
Pulse therapy
Naloxone (IV) - naltrexone (PO)
19. Toxicity of amphotericin
C- peptide
Tetracycline
Protease inhibitors
Nephrotoxicity
20. Initial DMARD of choice for patients with RA
Methotrexate
5-7 days
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Spasmolytic drugs
21. 1st generation antihistamine that is least sedating
Clomipramine
Seizures
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
22. Tubocurarine is the prototype - pancuronium - atracurium - vecuronium are newer short acting agent - produce competitive block at end plate nicotinic receptor - causing flaccid paralysis
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
Entacapone and Tolcapone
Pyridostigmine
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
23. Used for SIADH
Sodium bicarbonate
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Kidneys
Demeclocycline
24. SE of nitrates
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
Decrease arterial blood pressure
25. These agents are CNS depressants
Nitrous oxide
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Prilocaine
26. Only phenothiazine not exerting antiemetic effects - can cause visual impairment due to retinal deposits - and high doses have been associated with ventricular arrhythmias
Dantrolene
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
Thioridazine
27. Antidote for methotrexate toxicity
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Peripheral neuropathy (also excessive alcohol use is associated with HTN - anemia - and MI)
Leucovorin
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone
28. Meningitis prophylaxis in exposed patients
Glucagon
Leucovorin
Demeclocycline
Rifampin
29. Agent used for closure of patent ductus arteriosus
Ketamine
Indomethacin
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Diazepam
30. Population group especially sensitive to side effects of antidepressants
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
Hypertrichosis
Elderly patients
31. Anti - seizure drugs used as alternative drugs for mood stabilization
Ethanol
Metronidazole
Dolasetron
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
32. Local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive property - favored for head - neck - and pharyngeal surgery
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
Calcium channel blockers
Cocaine
Epinephrine
33. Treatment of patients with prior episodes of thrombocytopenia after a cycle of cancer chemotherapy
Demeclocycline
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
Hepatic
34. MOA of repaglinide
Xanthine oxidase
Atropine
Ceftriaxone
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
35. Skeletal muscle agent that undergoes Hofmann elimination (breaks down spontaneously)
Atracurium
Vincristine
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
36. DOC for herpes and its MOA
L- dopa
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Aminoglutethimide
Thyroxine
37. Agent used in drug therapy of Parkinson's instead of Dopamine which has low bioavailability and does not cross the BBB
Nephrotoxicity
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
L- dopa
38. Thyroxine dose may need to be increased in hypothyroid patient during pregnancy because
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
Glucagon
Estogens increase maternal TBG
Magnesium sulfate
39. Beta - blockers should be used cautiously in
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Pregnancy
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
Phentolamine
40. Antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia
Risperidone
Glucagon
Alpha1 agonists
Rhabdomyolysis
41. Patients being treated with lithium - who are dehydrated - or taking diuretics concurrently - could develop
Lithium toxicity
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
Letrozole - anastrozole
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
42. Ergot alkaloid used as an illicit drug
Protamine sulfate
'dry as a bone - red as a beet - mad as a hatter - hot as a hare - blind as a bat'
LSD
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation
43. Most common side effect of 1st generation antihistamines
Carbamazepine
Sedation
Pregnancy
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
44. Used for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Cyclobenzaprine
45. These LA's have surface activity
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
Cocaine and benzocaine
46. Sulfonylurea Not recommended for elderly because of very long half life
Acebutolol and atenolol
Diazepam
Labetalol and carvedilol
Chlorpropamide
47. Thrombolytic used for acute MI and ischemic (non hemorrhagic) CVA
high doses
Tissue plasmin activator
Sulfonamides
Most are thought to act at GABA- A receptor - chloride channel
48. MOA of thrombolytics
Meperidine
Dry cough
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Peripheral neuritis and hepatitis
49. Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
5-7 days
Nausea
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
50. Agents that inhibit acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
Acebutolol - atenolol - esmolol - metoprolol
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
GFR
Ascending pathways