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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Agent used in shock because it dilates coronary arteries and increases renal blood flow
Atenolol - acebutolol - and metoprolol
Seizures
Dopamine
Beta - blockers such as propranolol
2. Inhaled anesthetics are myocardial depressants
Enflurane and halothane
Bradykinin and histamine
Nitrous oxide
Ketoralac
3. SE of Aspirin
GI bleeding
C- peptide
Hyperprolactinemia - menorrhea - galactorrhea - confusion - mood changes - decreased sexual interest - and weight gain
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
4. The ratio of the rate of elimination of a drug to its plasma concentration
Cocaine 'super - speed'
Clearance (CL)
Beta blockers
lispro insulin - aspart insulin - glulisine insulin
5. Only member of depolarizing neuromuscular blocker - causes fasciculation during induction and muscle pain after use; has short duration of action
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
Succinylcholine
Flumazenil
Hydralazine
6. Anticancer drug also used in RA - produces acrolein in urine that leads to hemorrhagic cystitis
Ipodate
Cyclophosphamide
Uterine contractions
Clozapine
7. Drug used in neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Dantrolene
High therapeutic index
Lipoprotein lipase
Vitamin D
8. SE for Lamotrigine
Dopamine blockade
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
Warfarin (PT)
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
9. Usual time needed for full effect of antidepressant therapy
2 to 3 weeks
CNS stimulation; GI upset
Calcium channel blockers
Caffeine
10. Peptide drug used to treat CHF
Nesiritide (BNP)
Prinzmetal's angina
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
11. Antipsychotics that reduce positive symptoms only
5- flouracil (5- FU)
Odansetron
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Older antipsychotics
12. Drugs of choice for absence seizures
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Suramin
First order kinetics
Ethosuximide and valproic acid
13. MOA of quinolones
REM is decreased
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Amantadine
Serum ammonia and LFT's
14. Vancomycin MOA
Lepirudin
Peripheral neuritis and hepatitis
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Nevirapine - amprenavir
15. Newer estrogen receptor antagonist used in advanced breast cancer
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Protease inhibitors
Toremifene (Fareston)
16. These agents are used as antitussive
Physostigmine
Cyproterone acetate
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
Hydralazine
17. Reversal of blockade by neuromuscular blockers
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
Iodide salts
Cholinesterase inhibitors
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
18. Longer acting local anesthetics which are less dependent on vasoconstrictors
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
Streptokinase
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
19. Product of proinsulin cleavage used to assess insulin abuse
Diphenhydramine and cimetridine - respectively
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)
Cocaine
C- peptide
20. Some cell cycle non - specific drugs
Muscarinic blockers
Thick ascending limb
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Sulfonamides
21. Treatment with cancer chemotherapy at high doses every 3-4 weeks - too toxic to be used continuously
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Pulse therapy
Severe hypertension
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone
22. Used especially in postmenopausal women - dosage should be 1500 mg
Insulin glargine
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
Cyclophosphamide
Calcium
23. SE of mirtazapine
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Metronidazole
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
24. Treatment for opioid addiction
First order kinetics
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
Methadone - followed by slow dose reduction
25. Anti - seizure drugs used as alternative drugs for mood stabilization
Terbutaline
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
Pyridostigmine
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
26. Nitrate used to prevent further attacks
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Dopamine
Letrozole - anastrozole
Odansetron - granisetron
27. Acetaminophen only has
Rifampin - Isoniazid - Pyrazinamide - and Ethambutol
Lupus - like syndrome
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
Torsades de pointes
28. Side effects seen with tricyclic antidepressants
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia
29. The selective agents loose their selectivity at
high doses
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
30. Short acting glucocorticoids
ACE inhibitors
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Phase I
31. Agent to treat torsades de pointes
Magnesium sulfate
Aspirin
Glucocorticoids
Baclofen
32. 5 alpha - reductase inhibitor used for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and male pattern baldness
ORAL vancomycin
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate
First generation due to being more lipid - soluble
33. Agent more frequently associated with extrapyramidal side effects that can be treated with benzodiazepine - diphenhydramine or muscarinic blocker
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity
Acebutolol - atenolol - esmolol - metoprolol
Haloperidol
34. For rebound HTN from rapid clonidine withdrawal
Phentolamine
Rebound HTN - sedation - dry mouth
Ascending pathways
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
35. Laboratory value required to be monitored for patients on valproic acid
36. Second generation sulfonylurea
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
nephro and ototoxicity
Reducing preload
37. Treatment for TB patients (think RIPE)
Rifampin - Isoniazid - Pyrazinamide - and Ethambutol
ACE inhibitors
Pilocarpine
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
38. Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX
NSAIDS
Halothane and methoxyflurane
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
39. Rapid acting - crystalline zinc insulin used to reverse acute hyperglycemia
Cytomel
Regular (Humulin R)
Propofol
Lepirudin
40. Newer NSAID that selectively inhibits COX-2
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Celecoxib
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
41. Drug of choice for myoclonic seizures
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Valproic acid
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
42. Antidote used for tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Sodium bicarbonate
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
Atracurium
inhibits HMG COA reductase
43. Thyroxine dose may need to be increased in hypothyroid patient during pregnancy because
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
Estogens increase maternal TBG
Beta blockers
Carbidopa
44. Antidote for salicylate intoxication
Interferon alpha
Radioactive iodine
Rhabdomyolysis
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
45. These prevent the action of Ach at the skeletal muscle endplate to produce a 'surmountable blockade -' effect is reversed by cholinesterase inhibitors (ex. neostigmine or pyridostigmine)
Nondepolarizing type antagonists
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
46. Lithium is associated with this congenital defect
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
Amrinone and milrinone
Respiratory failure
Verapamil
47. Anti - arrhythmic with 15 second duration of action
Gynecomastia
Cosyntropin
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD
Adenosine
48. Captopril and enalapril (- OPRIL ending) are
Atenolol - acebutolol - and metoprolol
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Tissue plasmin activator
ACE inhibitors
49. SE of minoxidil
Aminocaproic acid
Hypertrichosis
AZT (zidovudine)
Magnesium sulfate
50. MOA of Bisphosphonates
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Nephrotoxicity
L- thyroxine (T4)
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps