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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
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comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Some cell cycle specific anti - cancer drugs
Esmolol
Sotalol
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
2. Drug of choice for myoclonic seizures
Valproic acid
Ticlopidine
Efficacy
Ortho - Evra
3. Treatment of choice for organophosphate overdose
Lithium toxicity
Thioridazine
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Atropine
4. MOA of Bisphosphonates
Indomethacin
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Atropine
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
5. Antiarrhythmic that exhibits Class II and III properties
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Sotalol
Liver toxicity
Bromocriptine
6. Weak opioid agonist - poor analgesic - its overdose can cause severe toxicity including respiratory depression - circulatory collapse - pulmonary edema - and seizures
Propoxyphene
Oxidation - reduction - hydrolysis
Neutro - leuko and thrombocytopenia
Clopidogrel and ticlopidine
7. Acetaminophen only has
Opioid Analgesics
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
8. Long acting beta 2 agonist used in asthma
Nausea
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)
Vancomycin - infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines
Salmeterol
9. Maximum response achieveable from a drug
Efficacy
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism
Mannitol
10. Type of resistance found with vancomycin
SSRIs
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
Lupus - like syndrome
Point mutation
11. Causes bone marrow suppression
Methotrexate
Bradykinin and histamine
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
Elderly patients
12. Alternative anticoagulant used if HIT develops
Disulfiram
Lepirudin
Lactic acidosis
Ketoconazole
13. Long acting sympathomimetic - sometimes used to improve urinary continence in children and elderly with enuresis
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Cefixime (3rd) generation
Ephedrine
Estogens increase maternal TBG
14. Antidote to benzodiazepine overdose (antagonist that reverses the CNS effects)
ACE inhibitors
Diphendydramine
Sermorelin
Flumazenil
15. Some cell cycle non - specific drugs
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Dipyridamole
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Sedation
16. Exogenous insulin contains
Nicotine
high doses
Little C- peptide
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
17. CCB with predominate effect on arteriole dilation
Raloxifene
Cocaine 'super - speed'
Tamsulosin
Nifedipine
18. W/D from this drug causes anxiety and mental discomfort
Potential for development of Reye's syndrome
Nicotine
Midazolam
N- acetylcysteine
19. Anti - malarial drug used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Mifepristone
Hydroxychloroquine
Phentolamine
Severe hypertension
20. SE of Aspirin
Prednisone
Insulin
GI bleeding
B- blockers
21. GHRH analog used as diagnostic agent
N- acetylcysteine
Hepatic enzymes
Sermorelin
Affinity
22. Treatment of withdrawal syndrome involves
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
L- dopa
23. Good hypnotic activity with less CNS SE than most benzodiazepines
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
Zolpidem - zaleplon
Sodium bicarbonate
Alprazolam
24. Thrombolytics are used for
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
Tubocurarine
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
Clozapine
25. Important in synthesis of glucose to glycogen in the liver
Clozapine
GLUT 2
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Vancomycin
26. Ergot alkaloid that is a partial agonist at D2 receptors in the brain - used for patients who are refractory or cannot tolerate levodopa - causes erythromelalgia
Cosyntropin
Erythropoietin
Rheumatic disease
Bromocriptine
27. Sulfonylurea Not recommended for elderly because of very long half life
Mechlorethamine
Chlorpropamide
Propofol
Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction
28. Inhibit angiotensin - converting enzyme (ACE)
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Buspirone
ACE inhibitors
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
29. Primary endogenous substrate for Nitric Oxidase Synthase
Arginine
Arteries and veins
Metrifonate
Cartilage damage
30. Most frequent route of metabolism
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Dopamine
Hepatic enzymes
Streptokinase
31. Antidote used for anticholinergic poisoning
Isoflurane
Clonidine - and methyldopa
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Physostigmine
32. MOA of nateglinide
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
Infants - closed angle glaucoma - prostatic hypertrophy
Xanthine oxidase
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
33. Route of administration of warfarin
Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction
Oral
Rebound HTN - sedation - dry mouth
Acetazolamide
34. SE of acetazolamide
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
35. Disease caused by excess ergot alkaloids
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36. Prototypical drug is atropine
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Midazolam
Epinephrine
37. Cholinomimetics that increase outflow - open trabecular meshwork - and cause ciliary muscle contraction
Mast cell stabilizer
Metronidazole
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
38. Anti - seizure drugs used also for bipolar affective disorder (BAD)
Osteoporosis - Paget's disease - and osteolytic bone lesions - and hypercalcemia from malignancy
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
Mifepristone
Valproic acid - carbamazepine - phenytoin and gabapentin
39. Site of action of loop diuretics
Ferrous sulfate
Thick ascending limb
Metronidazole
Tissue plasmin activator
40. IV barbiturate used as a pre - op anesthetic
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Carbidopa
Thiopental
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
41. MOA of NSAIDS
Phentolamine
Testosterone
Bradykinin
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
42. SSRI with long T1/2 and can be administered once weekly for maintenance - not acute tx
Terbutaline
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
Fluoxetine
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
43. Radio contrast media that inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3
Prinzmetal's angina
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Ipodate
Spasmolytic drugs
44. Most common SE of fibrates
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Metformin
Nausea
Epinephrine
45. Commonly abused LA which has cardiovascular toxicity including severe hypertension with cerebral hemorrhage - cardiac arrhythmias - and myocardial infarction
Mifepristone (RU-486)
Megaloblastic anemia
Cocaine
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
46. Osmotic diuretic used to treat increased intracranial pressure
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
Respiratory failure
Mannitol
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets
47. Benzodiazepine used for anxiety
Reducing preload
Alprazolam
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
48. Class of drugs with ability to decrease the maximal response to an agonist
Cytomel
Scopolamine - meclizine
Noncompetitive antagonist
LSD
49. Agent used in drug therapy of Parkinson's instead of Dopamine which has low bioavailability and does not cross the BBB
Zileuton
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
Cp
L- dopa
50. Inhaled anesthetic causes peripheral vasodilation
Isoflurane
Kidneys
Folic acid
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