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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Block glycoprotein IIb/IIIa involved in platelet cross - linking
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
Clonazepam
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
2. ADH agonist used for pituitary diabetes insipidus
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
Ganciclovir
Fomepizole
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
3. MOA of Bisphosphonates
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Block voltage - dependent sodium channels
St. Anthony's Fire
Tubocurarine
4. Scabicide organophosphate
Malathion
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Ortho - Evra
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
5. Diuretics work in CHF by
Nephro and ototoxicity
Reducing preload
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
C- peptide
6. CCB are DOC for
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7. MOA of thrombolytics
Gabapentin
Cocaine
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
8. Most inhaled anesthetics SE
Decrease arterial blood pressure
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
Aspirin
Positive Comb's test - depression
9. Drugs of choice for status epilepticus
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
B- blockers
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
10. Beta blockers work in CHF by
St. Anthony's Fire
Bromocriptine
Sulfasalazine
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
11. These LA's have surface activity
Pregnancy
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
Infants
Cocaine and benzocaine
12. Term for a narrow margin of safety
Low therapeutic index
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Penicillamine
Thioridazine
13. Anti - arrhythmic with 15 second duration of action
Adenosine
Kidneys
Disulfiram - like reaction
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
14. Important in muscle and adipose tissue for glucose transport across muscles and TG storage by lipoprotein lipase activation
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
GLUT 4
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
15. Long acting sympathomimetic - sometimes used to improve urinary continence in children and elderly with enuresis
2 to 3 weeks
Glucagon
Nateglinide
Ephedrine
16. Antiestrogen drugs used for fertility and breast cancer respectively
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Infants - closed angle glaucoma - prostatic hypertrophy
Prolongs QT interval
Partial agonist
17. New class of drugs that works by inhibiting absorption of intestinal cholesterol and can be given concurrently with the Statins
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Inhibits phosphodiesterase -5 - enhancing effects of nitric oxide - activated increases in cGMP
Fentanyl
18. Antidote used for anticholinergic poisoning
Dipyridamole
Physostigmine
Osteoporosis - Paget's disease - and osteolytic bone lesions - and hypercalcemia from malignancy
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone
19. Anti - seizure agent that induces formation of liver drug - metabolism enzymes - is teratogen and can cause craniofacial anomalies and spina bifida
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
Carbamazepine
N- acetylcysteine
Dobutamine
20. Anti - rheumatic agent also used for ulcerative colitis
Cefixime (3rd) generation
Lactic acidosis
Testosterone
Sulfasalazine
21. Antidote for methotrexate toxicity
Cimetidine
Nesiritide (BNP)
Leucovorin
LD50
22. Inducers of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Neuroleptanesthesia
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
23. Thrombolytics are used for
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
Potassium channel blockers
Amiodarone
Cosyntropin
24. Agent used neutropenia especially after chemotherapy
Bethanechol
Ethanol
Pramipexole and ropinirole
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
25. HIV med used to reduce transmission during birth
Enflurane and halothane
Elderly patients
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
AZT (zidovudine)
26. Opioids used in anesthesia
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
Constipation - edema - and headache
Morphine and fentanyl
Flumazenil
27. Inhibitors of catechol - O- methyltransferase (COMT) - used as adjuncts in Parkinson's dx and cause acute hepatic failure (monitor LFT's)
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
Entacapone and Tolcapone
Venlafaxine
28. Toxicity of organophosphate:
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
Hot flashes
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
Amiodarone
29. Reversal of blockade by neuromuscular blockers
Halothane
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Adenosine
30. Dopamine (DA) agonist (for Parkinson's disease) - used also for hyperprolactinemia
Ganciclovir
Corticosteroids
Bromocriptine
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
31. Nitrate free intervals are needed due to
Raloxifene
Ethanol
Tolerance
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets
32. Major SE of bisphosphonates
Hypoglycemia
Chemical esophagitis
Uterine contractions
Cerebral hemorrhage
33. Longer acting local anesthetics which are less dependent on vasoconstrictors
Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime
Propranolol
Benztropine - trihexyphenidyl
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
34. Sedation is a common side effect of these drugs - they lower seizure threshold - uses include BAD - acute panic attacks - phobias - enuresis - and chronic pain and their overdose can be deadly
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Amrinone and milrinone
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
35. Agents may exacerbate tardive dyskinesias (may be irreversible and there is no treatment)
Morphine - methadone - meperidine - and fentanyl
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Uterine contractions
Muscarinic blockers
36. Antiprogestin used as potent antagonist of GC receptor
Drug induced Parkinsonism
Bupropion
Cocaine
Mifepristone
37. Three C's associated with TCA toxicity
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
Lipoprotein lipase
Zolpidem
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
38. These drugs strongly potentiate and prolong effect of neuromuscular blockade (NMB)
Muscarinic blockers
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
39. Treatment of patients with prior episodes of thrombocytopenia after a cycle of cancer chemotherapy
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
Dantrolene
Classic
40. Mediator of tissue pain - edema - inactivated by ACE - and may be a contributing factor to the development of angioedema
Increased thromboembolic events
Zolpidem - zaleplon
Bradykinin
Magnesium sulfate
41. Agent used in drug therapy of Parkinson's instead of Dopamine which has low bioavailability and does not cross the BBB
L- dopa
Diazepam
Somatostatin
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
42. Enhances dopaminergic neurotransmission SE's include CNS excitation - acute toxic psychosis and livedo reticularis
Amantadine
prolongs QT and PR interval
Chloramphenicol
Amoxicillin
43. Peptide drug used to treat CHF
Tolerance
Infants - closed angle glaucoma - prostatic hypertrophy
Nesiritide (BNP)
Atropine
44. Neurotoxicity with isoniazid (INH) prevented by
Minocycline
PTU
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
45. Alpha - glucosidase inhibitor associated with elevation of LFT's
Lipoprotein lipase
Hypertension
Acarbose
IV and IM (only LMW)
46. Anti - viral agents associated with Stephen Johnson syndrome
Ototoxicity
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Nevirapine - amprenavir
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
47. Thioamide less likely to cross placenta - inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 in high doses - and should be used with extreme caution in pregnancy
PTU
Heroin - morphine - oxycodone - meperidine and fentanyl
Nevirapine - amprenavir
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
48. Drug that causes contraction of the uterus
Oxytocin
Nateglinide
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Hydralazine
49. Antidote used for opioid toxicity
First generation due to being more lipid - soluble
Naloxone (IV) - naltrexone (PO)
Benzodiazepines and calcium channel blockers
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
50. MAOI should not be administered with SSRI's or potent TCA's due to development of this condition
Anti - inflammatory - analgesia - antipyretic and antiplatelet activity
Pyridostigmine
Serotonin syndrome
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate