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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Agents that inhibit acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Tissue plasmin activator
Sodium channel blockers
Full agonist
2. Rapid acting - crystalline zinc insulin used to reverse acute hyperglycemia
Naloxone
Infliximab
Regular (Humulin R)
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
3. COX 2 inhibitors should be used cautiously in pts with
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias
high doses
4. Extrapyramidal dysfunction is more common with these agents - Which block this subtype of dopamine receptor
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Nephrotoxicity
N- acetylcysteine
5. Agent used for acute muscle spasm
Phase I
Amiodarone
Cyclobenzaprine
Flutamide (Eulexin)
6. Some side effects of corticosteroids
CNS toxicity
Tertiary amines
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Diclofenac - ketoralac
7. GABA agonist in the spinal cord
Baclofen
Buspirone
Cyclophosphamide
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
8. Biguanide
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Potential for development of Reye's syndrome
Metformin
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
9. Carbamate with intermediate action - used for+A1170 postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
Neostigmine
Beta - blockers such as propranolol
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
10. Analog of hypoxanthine - needs HGPRTase for activation
6- mercaptopurine (6- MP)
Atenolol - acebutolol - and metoprolol
Rifampin - Isoniazid - Pyrazinamide - and Ethambutol
Allopurinol
11. Major route of elimination for Lithium
Kidneys
Vincristine
Ultralente (humulin U)
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
12. CCB contraindicated in CHF
Sodium channel blockers
Cytomel
Verapamil
Hepatic enzymes
13. Strength of interaction between drug and its receptor
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
Insulin
Cyproheptadine
Affinity
14. Ultra long acting insulin - has over a day duration of action
Ipodate
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross - linkage
Raloxifene
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
15. Beta 1 agonist toxicity
Rheumatic disease
Severe hypertension
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias
Diclofenac - ketoralac
16. Drug is used with testosterone for male fertility
Fentanyl
Leuprolide
Dry cough - hyperkalemia
Niacin
17. Treatment of withdrawal syndrome involves
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
Vasodilation
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
18. Antidote used for methanol and ethylene glycol
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Disulfiram - like reaction
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD
Ethanol or fomepizole
19. Non - depolarizing skeletal muscle antagonist that has short duration
Muscarinic blockers
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Erythromycin
Mivacurium
20. Antidote for tissue plasminogen activator (t - PA) - streptokinase
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Aminocaproic acid
Dobutamine and dopamine
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence
21. Meglitinide class of drugs
CNS toxicity
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
Arginine
Repaglinide
22. Antidote used for organophosphate/anticholinesterase poisoning
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Albuterol
Cisplatin
Hyperkalemia
23. Inhaled anesthetic - less likely to lower blood pressure than other agents - and has the smallest effect on respiration
Minoxidil
Nitrous oxide
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
24. Opioid antagonist that is given orally in alcohol dependency programs
Sulfonamides
Carbidopa
Naltrexone
Acarbose
25. Anti - viral with a dose limiting toxicity of pancreatitis
Didanosine
PTU
Odansetron
Tissue plasmin activator
26. Dopamine agonist used in hyperprolactinemia
Hyperkalemia
Bromocriptine
Bethanechol
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia
27. Agent used neutropenia especially after chemotherapy
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
Estogens increase maternal TBG
Amiodarone
28. TCA used in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) - most significant of TCA's for risk of seizure - weight gain - and neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms
Disulfiram - like reaction
Clomipramine
Older antipsychotics
IV and IM (only LMW)
29. DOC for digoxin induced arrhythmias
Acarbose - miglitol
Phenytoin
Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction
Pulse therapy
30. MOA of nitrates
Edrophonium
Epinephrine
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
Log - kill hypothesis
31. Chemical antagonists that bind to the inhibitor of ACh Estrace and displace the enzyme (if aging has not occurred)
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
Cholinesterase regenerators - pralidoxime
Tolerance
32. Benzodiazepines that are the most effective in the treatment of panic disorder
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
Aspirin - Nitrates - CCB - and Beta blockers
Drug induced Parkinsonism
33. Loops lose and thiazide diuretics retain
Digoxin
Thrombocytopenia
Calcium
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
34. Treatment of patients with prior episodes of thrombocytopenia after a cycle of cancer chemotherapy
Somatostatin
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
35. Drug increases the renal clearance hence decreases levels of lithium
Rescue therapy
Lipoprotein lipase
Theophylline
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
36. Bleomycin+vinblastine+etoposide+cisplatin produce almost a 100% response when all agents are used for this neoplasm
Leuprolide
Gingival hyperplasia
Testicular cancer
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
37. Agent used for neurological deficits in megaloblastic anemia
Salmeterol
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
Vitamin B12
Dolasetron
38. SE of Aspirin
Amoxapine
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
GI bleeding
Mifepristone
39. Antidote used for opioid toxicity
ACE inhibitors
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
Naloxone (IV) - naltrexone (PO)
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
40. Population group especially sensitive to side effects of antidepressants
6- mercaptopurine (6- MP)
Elderly patients
Aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
41. Clinical use for H2 blockers
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Nevirapine - amprenavir
Minocycline
42. Antidepressant which is inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes and may be associated with hepatic failure
CNS depressants
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
Nefazodone
IV and IM (only LMW)
43. Synthetic analog of ADH hormone used for diabetes insipidus and nocturnal enuresis
Lactic acidosis
ACE inhibitors
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
44. Site of action of thiazide diuretics
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
Nadolol
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
Indirectly increase intracellular calcium and cardiac contractility by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase
45. PTU (propylthiouracil) MOA
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Hypertrichosis
Carvedilol
Allopurinol
46. Ability of a drug to produce 100% of the maximum response regardless of the potency
Hyperprolactinemia - menorrhea - galactorrhea - confusion - mood changes - decreased sexual interest - and weight gain
Full agonist
Hypokalemia
Phenobarbital
47. Use of this opioid with MAOI can lead to hyperpyrexic coma - and with SSRI's can lead to serotonin syndrome
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
Meperidine
48. Alternative anticoagulant used if HIT develops
Glucocorticoids
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
Lepirudin
49. These drugs strongly potentiate and prolong effect of neuromuscular blockade (NMB)
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Streptomycin
Protamine
Ethanol - fomepizole
50. Agent with zero - order kinetics
Sotalol
Competitive antagonist
Ethanol
Octreotide