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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Shock due to septicemia or myocardial infarction is made worse by
Increasing afterload and tissue perfusion declines
Caffeine
Deferoxamine
Pramipexole and ropinirole
2. Drug used for MRSA
Methotrexate
Bromocriptine
Vancomycin
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
3. This agent regenerates active cholinesterase and is a chemical antagonist used to treat organophosphate exposure
Fluoxetine
Pralidoxime
Efficacy
Elderly patients
4. Fluoride released by metabolism of this inhaled anesthetic may cause renal insufficiency
Methoxyflurane
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Salmeterol
Drug induced Parkinsonism
5. Agents acting in the CNS or in the skeletal muscle - used to reduce abnormally elevated tone caused by neurologic or muscle end plate disease
Spasmolytic drugs
Phenytoin
Minocycline
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
6. Leads to respiratory depression progressing to coma and death
Naloxone
Overdose of opioids
Hepatic toxicity
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
7. Drug used in exoerythrocytic cycle of malaria
Baclofen
Primaquine
Efficacy
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
8. Produces both rapid anesthesia and recovery - has antiemetic activity and commonly used for outpatient surgery - may cause marked hypotension
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Propofol
Sedation
Aspirin
9. Ability of a drug to produce 100% of the maximum response regardless of the potency
Dry cough - hyperkalemia
GI bleeding
Bromocriptine
Full agonist
10. Antiestrogen drugs used for fertility and breast cancer respectively
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Ganirelix
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
11. Drugs of choice for generalized tonic - clonic and partial seizures
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
Benzodiazepine receptor BZ1 (although do not have a benzodiazepine ring structure)
PCP
Interferon alpha
12. Ability to produce less than 100% of the response
Partial agonist
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
Fentanyl
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
13. Anti - seizure drugs used as alternative drugs for mood stabilization
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Carbenicillin - piperacillin and ticarcillin
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Naltrexone
14. SE of Thiazolindinediones
Morphine - methadone - meperidine - and fentanyl
Prednisone
5- flouracil (5- FU)
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism
15. MOA of colchicine (used in acute gout)
Valproic acid - carbamazepine - phenytoin and gabapentin
Acebutolol and atenolol
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly
Gingival hyperplasia
16. Non - selective Alpha1blockers use to treat pheochromocytoma
Phenoxybenzamine
Thrombocytopenia
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Nitrites
17. These beta blockers are less lipid soluble
Malathion
Acebutolol and atenolol
Midazolam
IV administration
18. Direct vasodilator of arteriolar smooth muscle
Nephrotoxicity
Hydralazine
Vasodilation
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
19. Meningitis prophylaxis in exposed patients
Rifampin
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
Clozapine
Dexamethasone suppression test
20. Thrombolytic that can cause allergic reaction
Arteries and veins
Naloxone
Mechlorethamine
Streptokinase
21. Additive effects when Sedative - Hypnotics used in combination with these agents
Ipratropium
Phenytoin
high doses
CNS depressants
22. Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity
N- acetylcysteine
Theophylline
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Zafirlukast and montelukast
23. These drugs strongly potentiate and prolong effect of neuromuscular blockade (NMB)
Methoxyflurane
Odansetron
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
24. Aspirin reduces mortality in unstable angina by
TD50
Platelet aggregation inhibition
Methotrexate
SSRIs
25. All antidepressants have roughly the same efficacy in treating depression - agents are chosen based on these criterion
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
Carbenicillin - piperacillin and ticarcillin
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
26. Causes acne - premature closure of epiphyses - masculinization in females - hepatic dysfunction - MI - and increases in libido and aggression
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
Ipratropium
Bleomycin
Steroids
27. Agent that is a partial agonist for the 5- HT1A receptor
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
Toremifene (Fareston)
Tizanidine
Buspirone
28. Class of drugs that may cause cross - sensitivity with thiazide diuretics
AZT (zidovudine)
Hypercalcemia
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Sulfonamides
29. Antidote used for heparin overdose
Cocaine
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
Protamine
Amantadine
30. Tubocurarine is the prototype - pancuronium - atracurium - vecuronium are newer short acting agent - produce competitive block at end plate nicotinic receptor - causing flaccid paralysis
Marijuana
Valproic acid
Valproic acid
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
31. MOA for benzodiazepines
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
increase the FREQUENCY of GABA- mediated chloride ion channel opening
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
32. Major SE of zileuton
Positive Comb's test - depression
Liver toxicity
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
Digoxin
33. SE of mirtazapine
Olanzapine
Pyridostigmine
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
34. SE of OCs
Clindamycin
Steroids
Increased thromboembolic events
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence
35. Ability to bind reversibly to the same site as the drug and without activating the effector system
Caffeine
Competitive antagonist
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Kidneys
36. TCA with greatest sedation of this group - and marked antimuscarinic effects - used for sleep
First pass effect
Doxepin
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Increases concentration of Digoxin
37. Very rapid acting insulin - having fastest onset and shortest duration of action
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Ketoralac
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
38. Converted to more active form DHT by 5 alpha - reductase
Calcium
Testosterone
Low therapeutic index
Cytomel
39. Relates the amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration
Volume of distribution (VD)
Thiopental
Sotalol
Propranolol
40. SE of demeclocycline
Primaquine
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and ototoxicity
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
41. Ultra long acting insulin - has over a day duration of action
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
42. Benzodiazepines used to promote sleep
Acarbose
Mifepristone (RU-486)
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
Serum ammonia and LFT's
43. COX 2 inhibitors should be used cautiously in pts with
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
C- peptide
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
44. Antidote for arsenic - mercury - lead - and gold poisoning
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone
Didanosine
Dimercaprol
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
45. SE of imipenem
Seizures
Pregnancy
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
46. Antidepressant which is inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes and may be associated with hepatic failure
Streptomycin
Nefazodone
Ondansetron - granisetron - dolasetron and alosetron
Bromocriptine
47. Life threatening cardiac event that prolong QT leads to
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
Torsades de pointes
Clomipramine
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
48. SE of hydralazine
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
IV administration
Lupus - like syndrome
Spironolactone
49. Alpha - glucosidase inhibitor associated with elevation of LFT's
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
Risperidone
Megaloblastic anemia
Acarbose
50. Inhalant anesthetics
Amoxicillin
None
Amiodarone
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
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