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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer
50
questions in
15 minutes
.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Antidote for arsenic - mercury - lead - and gold poisoning
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)
Sermorelin
Dimercaprol
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD
2. Long acting beta 2 agonist used in asthma
Flumazenil
Bleeding
Olanzapine
Salmeterol
3. Agent used in CHF that is a selective alpha and nonselective beta blocker
Venlafaxine
Amiodarone
Carvedilol
Clindamycin
4. GABA agonist in the spinal cord
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
Thrombocytopenia
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Baclofen
5. Used intravenously for acute arrhythmias during surgery
Esmolol
Increasing sodium excretion and decreases arterial and venous tone
Atracurium
Aspirin - metoprolol
6. Good hypnotic activity with less CNS SE than most benzodiazepines
Carbamazepine
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Tertiary amines
Zolpidem - zaleplon
7. Used in pediatrics to maintain patency of ductus arteriosis
Leuprolide
Hydralazine
PGE1
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
8. Antipsychotic having the weakest autonomic effects
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
Digibind
Haloperidol
Methadone
9. Drug used concurrently with toxic anticancer agents to reduce renal precipitation of urates
Acetazolamide
Vasodilation
Dobutamine
Allopurinol
10. Mechanisms of action for Phenytoin - Carbamazepine - Lamotrigine
Sodium channel blockade
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
Amphetamines
11. This step of metabolism makes a drug more hydrophilic and hence augments elimination
Phase I
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
12. SE of niacin
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Cutaneous flush
Fluoxetine
Penicillamine
13. Antihistamine that can be used for anxiety and insomnia and is not addictive
Dexamethasone suppression test
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
14. Most important potential SE of metformin
Nevirapine - amprenavir
Lactic acidosis
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
Yohimbine
15. SE of ACE inhibitors
Nadolol
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Dry cough - hyperkalemia
16. Class III antiarrhythmic that exhibits properties of all 4 classes
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Amiodarone
Cytomel
Gingival hyperplasia
17. Class II antiarrhythmics are
Deferoxamine
inhibits HMG COA reductase
B- blockers
Tizanidine
18. Used intranasally and decreases bone resorption
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Combination oral contraceptives (OC)
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
19. Increased risk of developing cataracts
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
Low therapeutic index
Quetiapine
increase the FREQUENCY of GABA- mediated chloride ion channel opening
20. Agents for reduction of postpartum bleeding
Methotrexate
Dimercaprol - EDTA
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
Baclofen
21. Antidote used for acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
Acetazolamide
22. SE of CCB
Clopidogrel and ticlopidine
Valproic acid
Constipation - edema - and headache
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
23. Time it takes for amount of drug to fall to half of its value; this is a constant in first order kinetics (majority of drugs)
Half - life (T1/2)
Naltrexone
Tamsulosin
Reduce the loss from area of injection
24. These agents decrease blood flow or increase blood pressure - are local decongestants - and used in therapy of spinal shock (temporary maintenance of blood pressure which may help maintain perfusion
Amphetamines
Dipyridamole
Glucagon
Alpha1 agonists
25. Nitrate free intervals are needed due to
Bromocriptine
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
Tolerance
26. Agent similar to cisplatin - less nephrotoxic - but greater myelosuppression
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
Carboplatin
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
Terbutaline
27. Disease caused by excess ergot alkaloids
28. Where are beta cells found in the pancreas?
Islets of Langerhans
Dicyclomine - methscopolamine
Maprotiline
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
29. Anti - microbials that cause hemolysis in G6PD- deficient patients
Sulfonamides
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
Epinephrine
Beta1 agonists
30. Cause dizziness - tachycardia - hypotension - and flushing
Elderly patients
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Organic nitrites
Methotrexate
31. SE of colchicine
Nondepolarizing type antagonists
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Pilocarpine
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
32. During Phase I these agents worsen muscle paralysis by succinylcholine - but during phase II they reverse the blockade produced by succinylcholine
Flumazenil
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
CNS stimulation; GI upset
Cholinesterase inhibitors
33. Anti - Parkinson's drug which increases intraocular pressure and is contraindicated in closed angle glaucoma
Levodopa
Cocaine
Dipyridamole
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
34. Longer acting local anesthetics which are less dependent on vasoconstrictors
Selegiline
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
Maprotiline
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
35. Barbiturate used for the induction of anesthesia
Thiopental
Thyroxine
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
36. Receptors for serotonin (5HT-1) are located
Mast cell stabilizer
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
37. Thrombolytic that can cause allergic reaction
Mifepristone
Streptokinase
Ipratropium
Cutaneous flush
38. Antidote used for iron salt toxicity
LSD
Glucocorticoids
Mechlorethamine
Deferoxamine
39. Antidote to reverse actions of heparin
Ability to cross the placenta
Flumazenil
Protamine sulfate
Prednisone
40. TCA used in chronic pain - enuresis - and ADD
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Imipramine
Uterine contractions
Sumatriptan
41. T3 compound less widely used
Cytomel
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Propranolol
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
42. Antiplatelet drug reserved for patients allergic to aspirin
Ticlopidine
Ototoxicity
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Asthma (bronchospastic effects) - diabetes (block signs of hypoglycemia) and peripheral vascular disease
43. Non - benzodiazepine used for sleep
Decrease arterial blood pressure
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Zolpidem
Infants
44. Rate limiting step of alcohol metabolism
Tertiary amines
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
45. Treatment of patients with prior episodes of thrombocytopenia after a cycle of cancer chemotherapy
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Tamsulosin
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
Interleukin 11 (oprelvekin)
46. SE of acetazolamide
Succinylcholine
Overdose of opioids
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
47. Drug used in ergot alkaloids overdose - ischemia and gangrene
Efficacy
Nitroprusside
Edrophonium
Tissue plasmin activator
48. Ergot alkaloid that is a partial agonist at D2 receptors in the brain - used for patients who are refractory or cannot tolerate levodopa - causes erythromelalgia
Ethanol
Bromocriptine
Amoxapine
Adenosine
49. Anti - arrhythmics that decrease mortality
Hepatic
Most are thought to act at GABA- A receptor - chloride channel
Minocycline
B- blockers
50. MOA of corticosteroids
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
inhibit phospholipase A2
Erythromycin
Deferoxamine