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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. MOA of quinolones
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Carbenicillin - piperacillin and ticarcillin
Propofol
2. Class of antibiotics that have 10% cross sensitivity with penicillins
Cephalosporins
Ethanol or fomepizole
Ability to cross the placenta
Hypertrichosis
3. Slightly increased risk of breast cancer - endometrial cancer - heart disease (questionable) - has beneficial effects on bone loss
Cutaneous flush
Hyperkalemia
Estrogen
Phentolamine
4. Antiestrogen drugs used for fertility and breast cancer respectively
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Combination oral contraceptives (OC)
Cocaine
Carboplatin
5. Commonly abused LA which has cardiovascular toxicity including severe hypertension with cerebral hemorrhage - cardiac arrhythmias - and myocardial infarction
Cocaine
Ketoralac
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Tizanidine
6. Agents that block L- type calcium channel
Antithrombin 3
pregnancy and with K+
Calcium channel blockers
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
7. Common SE of tamoxifen and raloxifene
Overdose of opioids
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Diazepam
Hot flashes
8. 2nd generation antihistamines
Fexofenadine - loratadine - and cetirizine
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
Tinnitus - GI bleeding
Beta blockers
9. Peptide drug used to treat CHF
Flumazenil
Nesiritide (BNP)
Mechlorethamine
Inhibit DNA gyrase
10. Captopril and enalapril (- OPRIL ending) are
ACE inhibitors
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
11. Agent used for neurological deficits in megaloblastic anemia
Aminocaproic acid
Leucovorin
Bromocriptine
Vitamin B12
12. Antidote for digoxin toxicity
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
Digibind
Thiopental
Gynecomastia and hyperkalemia
13. Prostaglandins that cause abortions
Propoxyphene
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
Organic nitrites
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets
14. Bisphosphonates that cannot be used on continuous basis because it caused osteomalacia
Rhabdomyolysis
Etidronate
Additive CNS depression
6- mercaptopurine (6- MP)
15. Biguanide
Metformin
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
Haloperidol
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
16. Toxicity of these agents include bradycardia - AV blockade - exacerbation of acute CHF; signs of hypoglycemia may be masked (tachycardia - tremor - and anxiety)
Dopamine
Specificity
Beta blockers
EOS
17. The most frequent cause of acute deaths in cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
Respiratory failure
Acetazolamide
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
18. Where are beta cells found in the pancreas?
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
Potency
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Islets of Langerhans
19. Antidote useful for some drug induced Torsade de pointes
Magnesium sulfate
EOS
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
20. Agent that is the antidote for methanol overdose
Ethanol
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
Antithrombin 3
Ethanol - fomepizole
21. Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used for prevention of osteoporosis and prophylaxis in women with risk factors for breast cancer
Methadone
Raloxifene
Aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
22. Agent for pernicious anemia
inhibit phospholipase A2
Methoxyflurane
Naloxone
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
23. Antipsychotic having the weakest autonomic effects
Combination oral contraceptives (OC)
Haloperidol
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
Hepatic
24. Dose may need to be increased during pregnancy or with Ocs due to increased TBG in plasma
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
Thyroxine
Heroin - morphine - oxycodone - meperidine and fentanyl
Block voltage - dependent sodium channels
25. Benzodiazepine used for anxiety
Esmolol
Alprazolam
Opioid Analgesics
Isoflurane
26. MOA of thrombolytics
Amiodarone
St. Anthony's Fire
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
27. Most widely used thyroid drugs such as Synthroid and Levoxyl contain
L- thyroxine (T4)
Autocoids
Pralidoxime - atropine
Cyproheptadine
28. Endogenous insulin contains
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Normal C- peptide
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Protamine sulfate
29. COX 2 inhibitors may have reduced risk of
IV and IM (only LMW)
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
Morphine and fentanyl
high doses
30. MOA of thiazide diuretics
Flumazenil
Odansetron
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
high doses
31. Antivirals associated with neutropenia
Estogens increase maternal TBG
Leucovorin
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
Potency
32. Tubocurarine is the prototype - pancuronium - atracurium - vecuronium are newer short acting agent - produce competitive block at end plate nicotinic receptor - causing flaccid paralysis
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
ACE inhibitors
Iodide salts
Nadolol
33. Agent used in the treatment of alcoholism - if alcohol is consumed concurrently - acetaldehyde builds up and results in nausea - headache - flushing - and hypotension
Nicotine
Tetracycline
Disulfiram
Arteries and veins
34. Local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive property - favored for head - neck - and pharyngeal surgery
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Cocaine
Phentolamine
35. Anti - psychotic not shown to cause tardive dyskinesia
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Nesiritide (BNP)
Clozapine
Adenosine
36. Class of drugs with ability to decrease the maximal response to an agonist
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
Noncompetitive antagonist
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
Estogens increase maternal TBG
37. Agent used in acutely decompensated CHF resembling natriuretic peptide
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Cocaine 'super - speed'
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
38. Selective Alpha -1A blocker - used for BPH - but with little effect on HTN
Point mutation
6- mercaptopurine (6- MP)
Methotrexate
Tamsulosin
39. TCA used in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) - most significant of TCA's for risk of seizure - weight gain - and neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms
Clomipramine
Thioridazine
Anti - inflammatory - analgesia - antipyretic and antiplatelet activity
Dexrazoxane
40. Strength of interaction between drug and its receptor
Sulfonamides
Arginine
Affinity
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
41. Example of three antidepressants that are indicated for obsessive compulsive disorder
Anterograde amnesia
Mechlorethamine
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
42. Most common SE of fibrates
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Nausea
Neostigmine
43. Anti - seizure drugs used also for bipolar affective disorder (BAD)
Agranulocytosis
Na+/K+ exchange
Valproic acid - carbamazepine - phenytoin and gabapentin
Gabapentin
44. Cholestyramine and colestipol are
Ribavirin
Bile acid - binding resins
Hypokalemia
Valproic acid
45. MOA of class III antiarrhythmics
Potassium channel blockers
Little C- peptide
Reduce aqueous secretion
PTU
46. NSAID available orally - IM and ophthalmically
Additive CNS depression
'dry as a bone - red as a beet - mad as a hatter - hot as a hare - blind as a bat'
Ketoralac
Somatostatin
47. Three C's associated with TCA toxicity
Hypercalcemia
Esmolol
Hypoglycemia
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
48. Toxicity of organophosphate:
LD50
2 to 3 weeks
Acarbose - miglitol
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
49. Non - selective Alpha1blockers use to treat pheochromocytoma
Phenoxybenzamine
Prazosin - terazosin and doxazosin (- AZOSIN ending)
CHOP (cyclophosphamide - doxorubicin - vincristine - and prednisone) plus rituximab
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
50. These agents are used as antidiarrheal
Tubocurarine
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide