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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. One depolarizing blocker that causes continuous depolarization and results in muscle relaxation and paralysis - causes muscle pain postoperatively and myoglobinuria may occur
Naloxone
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and ototoxicity
Venlafaxine
Succinylcholine
2. Where are beta cells found in the pancreas?
Islets of Langerhans
Specificity
Muscarinic blockers
Sodium bicarbonate
3. Most important toxic effects of most local anesthetics
Ribavirin
Most are thought to act at GABA- A receptor - chloride channel
CNS toxicity
Naloxone
4. The fraction of administered dose of a drug that reaches systemic circulation
Respiratory failure
Prilocaine
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
Bioavailability (F)
5. Very rapid acting insulin - having fastest onset and shortest duration of action
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Corticosteroids
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Vitamin D
6. Long acting glucocorticoids
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Beta - blockers
Buspirone
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
7. Selective Alpha 1 blocker used for hypertension - BPH - may cause first dose orthostatic hypotension
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Ability to cross the placenta
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism
8. Indirect - Acting ACh Agonist - alcohol - short DOA and used in diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
Elderly patients
Nesiritide (BNP)
Ethanol or fomepizole
Edrophonium
9. Generation of antihistamine that has the most CNS effects
Lithium toxicity
Serum ammonia and LFT's
Indirectly increase intracellular calcium and cardiac contractility by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase
First generation due to being more lipid - soluble
10. DMARDs are slow acting drugs for
Reduce inhibition - suppress anxiety - and produce relaxation
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
Streptomycin
Rheumatic disease
11. Losartan and valsartan block
Angiotensin receptor
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
Bioavailability (F)
Nesiritide (BNP)
12. Activation of these receptors open K+ ion channels to cause membrane hyperpolarization
Succinylcholine
Alkylating agent
Hypercalcemia
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
13. MOA of erythromycin
Nifurtimox
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
Digibind
14. Agent for pernicious anemia
Calcium
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
GABA- related targets
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
15. SE of OCs
Enflurane and halothane
Flumazenil
Increased thromboembolic events
Dopamine
16. Prototypical drug is atropine
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
Yohimbine
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
Mast cell stabilizer
17. Antidote for arsenic - mercury - lead - and gold poisoning
Dimercaprol
Warfarin (PT)
Ondansetron - granisetron - dolasetron and alosetron
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
18. Antidote used for iron salt toxicity
Vitamin B12
Deferoxamine
Dextroamphetamines and methamphetamine
Autocoids
19. Agent used for acute muscle spasm
Cyclobenzaprine
ACE inhibitors
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine
Hot flashes
20. Relates the amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration
Volume of distribution (VD)
Drug induced Parkinsonism
Skeletal muscle tremor - tachycardia
Pralidoxime
21. B- blockers that are more cardioselective
Beta -1 selective blockers
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Heroin - morphine - oxycodone - meperidine and fentanyl
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
22. Weak opioid agonist - poor analgesic - its overdose can cause severe toxicity including respiratory depression - circulatory collapse - pulmonary edema - and seizures
Vincristine
Propoxyphene
Hydroxychloroquine
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
23. Most common side effect of 1st generation antihistamines
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
Dextroamphetamines and methamphetamine
Sedation
Ribavirin
24. Pungent inhaled anesthetic which leads to high incidence of coughing and vasospasm
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Partial agonist
Clearance (CL)
Desflurane
25. Beta 2 agonist toxicity
Buspirone
Aspirin
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
Skeletal muscle tremor - tachycardia
26. Inhibitors of CYP450
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Prilocaine
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
27. SE of loop (furosemide) diuretics
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and ototoxicity
Streptomycin
Beta blockers
28. Benzodiazepine with useful relaxant effects in skeletal muscle spasticity of central origin
Morphine - methadone - meperidine - and fentanyl
Prolongs QT interval
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
Diazepam
29. Non ergot agents used as first - line therapy in the initial management of Parkinson's
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
Bethanechol
Pramipexole and ropinirole
Streptokinase
30. Inhibitors of catechol - O- methyltransferase (COMT) - used as adjuncts in Parkinson's dx and cause acute hepatic failure (monitor LFT's)
Zafirlukast and montelukast
Entacapone and Tolcapone
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
B- blockers
31. MOA of repaglinide
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
Thyroid and steroid hormones
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
32. SE of phenytoin
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Buspirone
Nephro and ototoxicity
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
33. Ability to bind reversibly to the same site as the drug and without activating the effector system
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
Competitive antagonist
Tizanidine
Neutropenia and agranulocytosis
34. Interaction with this drug requires dose reduction of 6- MP
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
Baclofen
Allopurinol
Amiodarone
35. Agent that is a partial agonist for the 5- HT1A receptor
GLUT 2
Buspirone
Interferon alpha
prolongs QT and PR interval
36. Specific pharmacokinetic characteristic of amiodarone
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
Malathion
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
Prolonged half - life - up to six weeks
37. Inversely related to potency of anesthetics
Tetracycline
Testosterone
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
38. Aspirin is contraindicated in children with viral infection
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39. Peakless ling acting insulin
Entacapone and Tolcapone
Insulin glargine
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Albuterol
40. Beta 1 agonists used in acute CHF
Lupus - like syndrome
Dobutamine and dopamine
Iodide salts
Scopolamine - meclizine
41. Peptide drug used to treat CHF
Fluoxetine (Sarafem)
Nesiritide (BNP)
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)
Diazepam
42. Major drug interaction with Quinidine
Caffeine
Propranolol
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
Increases concentration of Digoxin
43. Inhibitor of leukotrienes (LTD4) receptors and used in asthma
Beta - blockers
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Zafirlukast and montelukast
Pulse therapy
44. Drug used for MRSA
Didanosine
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
Vancomycin
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
45. Antidepressant inhibiting norepinephrine - serotonin - and dopamine reuptake
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
Ganirelix
Bioavailability (F)
Venlafaxine
46. Incidence of hyoglycemia with metformin
Deferoxamine
Naloxone
None
Drug induced Parkinsonism
47. Potassium sparing diuretics inhibit
Na+/K+ exchange
Fomepizole
Ultralente (humulin U)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
48. Inhibit angiotensin - converting enzyme (ACE)
Dry cough
ACE inhibitors
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
CNS stimulation; GI upset
49. SE of minoxidil
Arginine
Partial agonist
Hypertrichosis
Gabapentin
50. GnRH agonist used for infertility or different types of CA depending on pulsatile or steady usage respectively
Pramipexole and ropinirole
Leuprolide
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Esmolol