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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1, comlex

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. These agents are used as antitussive
Tolerance
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
Levodopa

2. Produces disulfiram - like reaction with ethanol
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
Cevimeline
Procarbazine
Diclofenac - ketoralac

3. Antidepressants with no effect on BP - no sedation
Hydroxychloroquine
SSRIs
Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12)
Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction

4. Selective alpha agonists that decreases aqueous secretion
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Cyclobenzaprine
Sulfasalazine
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine

5. Potassium sparing diuretics inhibit
Na+/K+ exchange
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Disulfiram

6. DOC for status epilepticus
Cocaine and benzocaine
Ketamine
Amiodarone
Diazepam

7. Shock due to septicemia or myocardial infarction is made worse by
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Increasing afterload and tissue perfusion declines
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination

8. Most dangerous of the currently popular hallucinogenic drugs - OD leads to nystagmus - marked hypertension - and seizures - presence of both horizontal and vertical nystagmus is pathognomonic
Antithrombin 3
Neostigmine
PCP
Aspirin

9. Newer NSAID that selectively inhibits COX-2
Celecoxib
Cocaine 'super - speed'
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
SEVERE myelosuppression

10. Thrombolytic that can cause allergic reaction
Paclitaxel (taxol)
Fentanyl
Streptokinase
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation

11. Pneumonic for 3 zones of adrenal cortex
GFR
Buspirone
Dexamethasone suppression test
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias

12. Anti - viral agents associated with Stephen Johnson syndrome
Protease inhibitors
Alpha1 agonists
Nevirapine - amprenavir
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells

13. Alternative anticoagulant used if HIT develops
Lepirudin
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Insulin
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation

14. Metronidazole SE if given with alcohol
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Low therapeutic index
Pregnancy
Disulfiram - like reaction

15. Toxicity of organophosphate:
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
Physostigmine
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine

16. Anti - seizure drugs used also for Trigeminal neuralgia
Theophylline
Amantadine
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Carbamazepine

17. Antidote used for methanol and ethylene glycol
Phenoxybenzamine
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
Ethanol or fomepizole
Miosis and constipation

18. Anti - malarial drug used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Spasmolytic drugs
Amantadine
Hydroxychloroquine

19. Important in muscle and adipose tissue for glucose transport across muscles and TG storage by lipoprotein lipase activation
Half - life (T1/2)
GLUT 4
Methadone
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase

20. Antidote for methotrexate toxicity
Ketanserin cyproheptadine - and phenoxybenzamine
Leucovorin
Organic nitrites
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism

21. SE of beta blockers
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Demeclocycline

22. Somatostatin (SRIF) analog used for acromegaly - carcinoid - glucagonoma and other GH producing pituitary tumors
Octreotide
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone
Phase I
Ephedrine

23. Meglitinide class of drugs
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
Repaglinide
Drug induced Parkinsonism
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)

24. Names of three bisphosphonates available IV
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Severe hypertension
Penicillamine
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate

25. Slightly increased risk of breast cancer - endometrial cancer - heart disease (questionable) - has beneficial effects on bone loss
Decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity
Estrogen
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
Indirectly increase intracellular calcium and cardiac contractility by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase

26. Withdrawal from this drug causes lethargy - irritability - and headache
Inhibits phosphodiesterase -5 - enhancing effects of nitric oxide - activated increases in cGMP
Toremifene (Fareston)
Caffeine
Aspirin

27. Aminoglycosides used with loop diuretics potentiate adverse effect
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
increase the FREQUENCY of GABA- mediated chloride ion channel opening
Ototoxicity
Volume of distribution (VD)

28. Phenylisopropylamines that are used legitimately and abused for narcolepsy - attention deficit disorder - and weight reduction
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Amphetamines
Protamine
Entacapone and Tolcapone

29. Strength of interaction between drug and its receptor
Ultralente (humulin U)
Pancuronium
Affinity
Amrinone and milrinone

30. Blows DNA (breaks DNA strands) - limiting SE is pulmonary fibrosis
Sodium bicarbonate
Bleomycin
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
Desmopressin (DDAVP)

31. Bleomycin+vinblastine+etoposide+cisplatin produce almost a 100% response when all agents are used for this neoplasm
Ortho - Evra
LD50
Testicular cancer
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels

32. MOA of loop diuretics
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Bradykinin and histamine
Hypertrichosis

33. Activation of these receptors close Ca2+ ion channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
Skeletal muscle tremor - tachycardia
Raloxifene
Tissue plasmin activator

34. Skeletal muscle agent that undergoes Hofmann elimination (breaks down spontaneously)
CHOP (cyclophosphamide - doxorubicin - vincristine - and prednisone) plus rituximab
Pralidoxime
Atracurium
Maprotiline

35. Concern using lithium
Point mutation
Low therapeutic index
Estrogen (HRT- Hormone replacement therapy)
Hydralazine

36. Agents acting in the CNS or in the skeletal muscle - used to reduce abnormally elevated tone caused by neurologic or muscle end plate disease
Spasmolytic drugs
Carbamazepine
Metformin
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)

37. 5HT-3 antagonist that has been associated with QRS and QTc prolongation and should not be used in patients with heart disease
Bioavailability (F)
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Oxytocin
Dolasetron

38. '5HT-1d agonist used for migraine headaches '
Sumatriptan - naratriptan - and rizatriptan
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
Risperidone

39. MOA of nateglinide
Phentolamine
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses

40. May protect against doxorubicin toxicity by scavenging free radicals
Suramin
Dexrazoxane
SEVERE myelosuppression
Celecoxib and rofecoxib

41. 1st generation antihistamine that is least sedating
Amphetamines
Pindolol and acebutolol
CNS stimulation; GI upset
Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine

42. Anti - seizure agent that exhibits non - linear metabolism - highly protein bound - causes fetal hydantoin syndrome - and stimulates hepatic metabolism
Yohimbine
Phenytoin
Tertiary amines
Dry cough

43. SE of lithium
Imipramine
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
Minoxidil
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus

44. Drug used in cancer therapy causes Cushing - like symptoms
Sumatriptan
Point mutation
Prednisone
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+

45. DOC for bipolar affective disorder
GLUT 2
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Lithium
Adriamycin (doxorubicin) +bleomycin - vinblastine +dacarbazine

46. Hyperglycemic agent that increases cAMP and results in glycogenolysis - gluconeogenesis - reverses hypoglycemia - also used to reverse severe beta - blocker overdose and smooth muscle relaxation
Streptokinase
Glucagon
Ascending pathways
Inhibits phosphodiesterase -5 - enhancing effects of nitric oxide - activated increases in cGMP

47. Antidote used for lead poisoning
Ethanol
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
Dimercaprol - EDTA
Atracurium

48. Agent having no effect on D2 receptors - blocks D4 - reserved for resistant schizophrenia - and can cause fatal agranulocytosis
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Protamine
Clozapine

49. MOA of cisplatin
Digibind
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
Alkylating agent

50. Non ergot agents used as first - line therapy in the initial management of Parkinson's
Pramipexole and ropinirole
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Adenosine
Rhabdomyolysis