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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. MOA of sildenafil (Viagra)
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
Reducing preload
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone
Inhibits phosphodiesterase -5 - enhancing effects of nitric oxide - activated increases in cGMP
2. 1st generation antihistamine that is highly sedating
Glucagon
ED50
Zileuton
Diphendydramine
3. Antidote used for heparin overdose
Protamine
Therapeutic index
Nifedipine
GI bleeding
4. H1 antagonist used in motion sickness
Fexofenadine - loratadine - and cetirizine
SEVERE myelosuppression
Olanzapine
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
5. Converts asparagine to aspartate and ammonia - denies cancer cells of essential AA (asparagine)
Therapeutic index
L- asparaginase
Liver enzyme INDUCTION
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
6. COX 2 inhibitors should be used cautiously in pts with
Bromocriptine
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
Allopurinol
Cocaine 'super - speed'
7. These agents increase cardiac output and may be beneficial in treatment of acute heart failure and some types of shock
Cephalosporins
Mechlorethamine
Protamine sulfate
Beta1 agonists
8. Common side effect of Rifampin
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
Red urine discoloration
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
9. The ratio of the rate of elimination of a drug to its plasma concentration
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
Clearance (CL)
Lithium
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)
10. Initial DMARD of choice for patients with RA
Methotrexate
Ketanserin cyproheptadine - and phenoxybenzamine
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Diphenhydramine and cimetridine - respectively
11. SE of hydralazine
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Naloxone
Lupus - like syndrome
Ipratropium
12. Vancomycin MOA
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis
Alkylating agent
Ability to cross the placenta
13. Antidote used for digitalis toxicity
Halothane and methoxyflurane
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
Sodium channel blockers
14. Moderate opioid agonists
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
Hepatic
Didanosine
5- flouracil (5- FU)
15. Constant proportion of cell population killed rather than a constant number
Thiopental
Tertiary amines
Log - kill hypothesis
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
16. Opioid used in the management of withdrawal states
C- peptide
Acebutolol and atenolol
Methadone
Mifepristone (RU-486)
17. Treatment of myasthenia gravis
Disulfiram
Pyridostigmine
Na+/K+ exchange
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
18. SE of CCB
Constipation - edema - and headache
Epinephrine
Acetazolamide
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
19. Estrogen mostly used in oral contraceptives (OC)
Acetazolamide
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
Sedation
20. Anti - arrhythmics that decrease mortality
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
GLUT 2
B- blockers
Methadone
21. Antidote to reverse actions of warfarin
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
Thyroxine
22. Treat manifestations of Parkinson's disease and EPS
Cerebral hemorrhage
L- thyroxine (T4)
Benztropine - trihexyphenidyl
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
23. Dose may need to be increased during pregnancy or with Ocs due to increased TBG in plasma
AZT (zidovudine)
Carbamazepine - gabapentin - lamotrigine - and valproic acid
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Thyroxine
24. Some cell cycle non - specific drugs
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
Phenylephrine
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
25. Most important potential SE of metformin
Work at early distal convoluted tubule
Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction
Cocaine
Lactic acidosis
26. MOA of both generations
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
27. These agents are congeners of Amphetamine
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28. Distribution of histamine receptors H1 - H2 - and H3
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Nausea
Nicotine
Toremifene (Fareston)
29. Used to treat patients exposed to insecticides such as parathion
Pralidoxime - atropine
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Indomethacin
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
30. Agent used to treat chronic gout by increasing uric acid secretion and excretion
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Methotrexate
Prostaglandin PGF2a
31. Routes of administration of heparin
IV and IM (only LMW)
Prolongs QT interval
Hydroxychloroquine
Selegiline
32. Nitrosoureas with high lipophilicity - used for brain tumors
Cefixime (3rd) generation
Warfarin (PT)
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)
Heparin
33. Major SE of zileuton
Zero order kinetics
Low therapeutic index
Liver toxicity
First order kinetics
34. This agent regenerates active cholinesterase and is a chemical antagonist used to treat organophosphate exposure
Ipodate
Meperidine
Pralidoxime
Succinylcholine
35. Term for a high margin of safety
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets
High therapeutic index
B- blockers
36. Readily detected markers that may assist in diagnosis of the cause of a drug overdose include
Changes in heart rate - blood pressure - respiration - body temperature - sweating - bowel signs - and pupillary responses
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
Halothane
Amantadine
37. One depolarizing blocker that causes continuous depolarization and results in muscle relaxation and paralysis - causes muscle pain postoperatively and myoglobinuria may occur
Olanzapine - aripiprazole - and sertindole
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Succinylcholine
38. Shock due to septicemia or myocardial infarction is made worse by
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Erythromycin
Increasing afterload and tissue perfusion declines
Aztreonam
39. Withdrawal from this drug causes lethargy - irritability - and headache
Caffeine
lispro insulin - aspart insulin - glulisine insulin
Tolerance
Pre - existing cardiac or renal disease
40. Microtubule inhibitor that causes peripheral neuropathy - foot drop (eg. ataxia) - and 'pins and needles' sensation
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
Cephalosporins
Diazepam
Vincristine
41. Longer acting benzodiazepines used in the management of withdrawal states of alcohol and other drugs
Odansetron - granisetron
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
Cartilage damage
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
42. When the rate of drug input equals the rate of drug elimination
Venlafaxine
Dopamine blockade
Cholinesterase regenerators - pralidoxime
Steady state
43. Nonselective alpha agonists that increases outflow - probably via the uveoscleral veins
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
Decrease arterial blood pressure
Epinephrine - dipivefrin
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
44. Antiestrogen drugs used for fertility and breast cancer respectively
Tizanidine
Bradykinin
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
45. Beta 1 agonist toxicity
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
Ketoconazole
Leucovorin
Sinus tachycardia and serious arrhythmias
46. Antidepressant associated with seizures and cardiotoxicity
Maprotiline
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
Bradykinin
Additive CNS depression
47. MOA for Valproic acid at high doses
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
Phenytoin
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
48. SE of OCs
Hypoglycemia
Bile acid - binding resins
Increased thromboembolic events
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
49. SE of demeclocycline
Radioactive iodine
Bone marrow and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age
Calcium channel blockers
Doxepin
50. Anti - seizure drugs used also for pain of neuropathic orgin
Seizures
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Beta -1 selective blockers
Gabapentin