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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1, comlex

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. IV barbiturate used as a pre - op anesthetic
Thiopental
Buspirone
Deferoxamine
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)

2. Drug that selectively inhibits COX 2
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Testosterone
Celecoxib and rofecoxib
Metronidazole

3. Endogenous substances commonly interpreted as histamine - serotonin - prostaglandins - and vasoactive peptides
Beta blockers
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
LSD
Autocoids

4. Type of kinetics when a constant percentage of substrate is metabolized per unit time
Thyroxine
Propranolol
First order kinetics
Increase the DURATION of GABA- mediated chloride ion channels

5. Thrombolytic used for acute MI and ischemic (non hemorrhagic) CVA
Liver toxicity
Tissue plasmin activator
Partial agonist
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol

6. Benzodiazepine with useful relaxant effects in skeletal muscle spasticity of central origin
Psychotic state - overdose causes agitation - restlessness - tachycardia - hyperthermia - hyperreflexia - and seizures
Propranolol
Diazepam
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin

7. Agent decreases the excitatory actions of cholinergic neurons. May improve tremor and rigidity but have LITTLE effect on bradykinesia. Atropine - like side effects
L- asparaginase
Benztropine
Spasmolytic drugs
Halothane

8. Antiestrogen drugs used for fertility and breast cancer respectively
Ipratropium
Bleeding
Capsaicin
Clomiphene and tamoxifen

9. Aspirin reduces mortality in unstable angina by
Platelet aggregation inhibition
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
Sedation
Sermorelin

10. Blows DNA (breaks DNA strands) - limiting SE is pulmonary fibrosis
Tissue plasmin activator
Bleomycin
Glucocorticoids
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir

11. Drugs used in the management of angina
Peripheral neuropathy (also excessive alcohol use is associated with HTN - anemia - and MI)
Hypertension
Pindolol and acebutolol
Aspirin - Nitrates - CCB - and Beta blockers

12. Phenylisopropylamines that are used legitimately and abused for narcolepsy - attention deficit disorder - and weight reduction
Amphetamines
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
Tinnitus - GI bleeding

13. Inhaled anesthetic - less likely to lower blood pressure than other agents - and has the smallest effect on respiration
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate
Infliximab
Metrifonate
Nitrous oxide

14. Drugs of choice for status epilepticus
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Carbamazepine

15. SE of methyldopa

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16. These agents are CNS depressants
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Mannitol
Odansetron - granisetron
Hypercalcemia

17. Other side effects of Quinidine
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
Vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma
Competitive antagonist
Alprazolam

18. Block glycoprotein IIb/IIIa involved in platelet cross - linking
Morphine and fentanyl
Cardiac dysfunction - photosensitivity - skin (blue smurf syndrome) - Pulmonary fibrosis - thyroid and corneal deposits
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam

19. Agent that is metabolized to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and microsomal ethanol - oxidizing system (MEOS)
Bethanechol
Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
Ethanol

20. Nonselective alpha agonists that increases outflow - probably via the uveoscleral veins
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Testicular cancer
Labetalol and carvedilol
Epinephrine - dipivefrin

21. COX 2 inhibitors may have reduced risk of
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
Atracurium
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Angiotensin receptor

22. Hyperglycemic agent that increases cAMP and results in glycogenolysis - gluconeogenesis - reverses hypoglycemia - also used to reverse severe beta - blocker overdose and smooth muscle relaxation
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Mivacurium
Glucagon
Ipodate

23. Anti - androgen used for prostate cancer
Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD

24. Metronidazole SE if given with alcohol
Antithrombin 3
Disulfiram - like reaction
Digoxin
Gynecomastia

25. Period of time of therapy after which GC therapy will need to be tapered
Tamsulosin
5-7 days
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)

26. Some side effects of corticosteroids
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Thioamides - iodides - radioactive iodine - and ipodate

27. This is the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock
Lupus - like syndrome
Buspirone
Epinephrine
Fluoxetine

28. Penicillins active against penicillinase secreting bacteria
GABA- related targets
Cartilage damage
L- dopa
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin

29. The selective agents loose their selectivity at
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Carvedilol
Combination oral contraceptives (OC)
high doses

30. Antidepressant having stimulant effects similar to SSRI's and can increase blood pressure
Venlafaxine
Increases concentration of Digoxin
Sedation
Etidronate

31. MOA of class III antiarrhythmics
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
Potassium channel blockers
Disulfiram - like reaction
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.

32. Agent used for anemias associated with renal failure
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
Sulfasalazine
B- blockers
Erythropoietin

33. Agents acting in the CNS or in the skeletal muscle - used to reduce abnormally elevated tone caused by neurologic or muscle end plate disease
Penicillamine
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
Spasmolytic drugs
Tizanidine

34. Warfarin is contraindicated in
Pregnancy
Steady state
GFR
Cardiac dysfunction - photosensitivity - skin (blue smurf syndrome) - Pulmonary fibrosis - thyroid and corneal deposits

35. These drugs strongly potentiate and prolong effect of neuromuscular blockade (NMB)
Zafirlukast and montelukast
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Log - kill hypothesis
REM is decreased

36. Side effect of sotalol
prolongs QT and PR interval
Serotonin syndrome
Baclofen
Calcium

37. H2 blocker that causes the most interactions with other drugs
inhibits HMG COA reductase
Protamine sulfate
Cimetidine
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.

38. Atropine fever is the most dangerous effect and can be lethal in this population group
Infants
Dolasetron
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
Propranolol

39. Benzodiazepine used for anxiety
Iodide salts
Diazepam - Flurazepam - chlordiazepoxide - and clorazepate
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Alprazolam

40. Common SE of sulfonylureas - repaglinide - and nateglinide
Dextroamphetamines and methamphetamine
Somatrem
Hypoglycemia
Thiopental

41. SE of clonidine
Somatostatin
Rebound HTN - sedation - dry mouth
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
Insulin

42. Beta 1 agonists used in acute CHF
Nephrotoxicity
Block voltage - dependent sodium channels
Dobutamine and dopamine
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin

43. Uses of bisphosphonates

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44. A hormone whose mechanism of action (MOA) utilizes intracellular receptors
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Thyroid and steroid hormones
Tamsulosin
Cephalosporins

45. Toxicity of amphotericin
Primaquine
Nephrotoxicity
Cocaine 'super - speed'
hydroxyzine (Atarax)

46. SE of long term (>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy
Digoxin
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Nitrous oxide
Buprenorphine

47. Agents that reduce heart rate - contractility - and O2 demand
Beta - blockers
Tetrabenazine (amine depleting drug) - Haloperidol (antipsychotic)
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Physostigmine

48. Meningitis prophylaxis in exposed patients
Rifampin
Pralidoxime
Antithrombin 3
Classic

49. Inhibitor of MAO type B which metabolizes dopamine - used adjunct to levodopa or as sole agent in newly diagnosed patients
Selegiline
B- blockers
pregnancy and with K+
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine

50. Routes of administration of heparin
Cefixime (3rd) generation
Buspirone
Carvedilol
IV and IM (only LMW)