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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cardioselective Beta 1- blockers
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Imipramine
Celecoxib
Atenolol - acebutolol - and metoprolol
2. Allopurinol treats chronic gout by decreasing uric acid production by inhibiting
Methadone - followed by slow dose reduction
Class IC (flecainide - propafenone - moricizine)
First generation due to being more lipid - soluble
Xanthine oxidase
3. Pneumonic for 3 zones of adrenal cortex
GFR
Folic acid
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
Venlafaxine
4. Anti - emetics used in association with anti - cancer drugs that are 5- HT3 (serotonin receptor subtype ) antagonists
Acebutolol and atenolol
Deferoxamine
CHOP (cyclophosphamide - doxorubicin - vincristine - and prednisone) plus rituximab
Odansetron - granisetron
5. Antidepressant with MOA as alpha 2 antagonist - has effects on both 5- HT and NE - blocks histamine receptors - and is sedating
Mirtazapine
Esmolol
First pass effect
Morphine
6. Inversely related to potency of anesthetics
Hepatotoxicity
Risperidone
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)
Hypoglycemia
7. Agent that is a partial agonist for the 5- HT1A receptor
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Propoxyphene
Buspirone
Skeletal muscle tremor - tachycardia
8. Selective Alpha 1 blocker used for hypertension - BPH - may cause first dose orthostatic hypotension
Xanthine oxidase
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
Disulfiram
Glucocorticoids
9. Beta blockers work in CHF by
Thiopental
Niacin
Additive CNS depression
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
10. Time it takes for amount of drug to fall to half of its value; this is a constant in first order kinetics (majority of drugs)
Nitroprusside
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
Half - life (T1/2)
11. Use of this opioid with MAOI can lead to hyperpyrexic coma - and with SSRI's can lead to serotonin syndrome
Epinephrine
ACE inhibitors
Meperidine
Succinylcholine
12. Ergot alkaloid used as an illicit drug
LSD
Metformin
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
Nicotine
13. SE of HMG COA reductase inhibitors
Meperidine
Hypertension
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
Mivacurium
14. Antidepressant also used for sleep that causes priapism
Dobutamine
ORAL vancomycin
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Trazodone
15. SE of salicylates
Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)
Haloperidol or pimozide
Carvedilol
Tinnitus - GI bleeding
16. SE of Aspirin
Quetiapine
GI bleeding
Paclitaxel (taxol)
Peripheral neuritis and hepatitis
17. When the rate of drug input equals the rate of drug elimination
Increased thromboembolic events
Clonazepam
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Steady state
18. Antidote used in poisonings: copper (Wilson's disease) - lead - mercury - and arsenic
Penicillamine
Sedation
Nitrous oxide
Methadone
19. Longer acting benzodiazepines used in the management of withdrawal states of alcohol and other drugs
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
Phenoxybenzamine
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
Thick ascending limb
20. Common SE of spironolactone
Cocaine and benzocaine
Metronidazole
Gynecomastia and hyperkalemia
Vancomycin
21. Antidote used for digitalis toxicity
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Hydralazine
Warfarin (PT)
Bleomycin - vinca alkaloids - antimetabolites (eg. - 5- FU - 6- MP - methotrexate - etoposide)
22. Antidepressant associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Flumazenil
Amoxapine
Infliximab
Cholinesterase inhibitors
23. Prototype antagonist of H1 and H2 receptors
Letrozole - anastrozole
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Diphenhydramine and cimetridine - respectively
Ondansetron - granisetron - dolasetron and alosetron
24. DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia; has high efficacy and short duration of action
L- dopa
Amoxicillin
ACE inhibitors
Adenosine
25. Agents that inhibit acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
Thick ascending limb
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Cholinesterase inhibitors
26. Treatment of withdrawal syndrome involves
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Alprostadil
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
27. Approved for use in severe pulmonary HTN
Dexrazoxane
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
Nephro and ototoxicity
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
28. PTU (propylthiouracil) MOA
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
Cimetidine
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Indomethacin
29. Antifungal agent used for inhibition of all gonadal and adrenal steroids
Ketoconazole
None
Levodopa
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
30. MOA of nitrates
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
Low potency phenothiazines and ziprasidone
31. Anti - psychotics available in depot preparation
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
32. Dopamine (DA) agonist (for Parkinson's disease) - used also for hyperprolactinemia
Methoxyflurane
Odansetron
Tubocurarine
Bromocriptine
33. Antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia
Fluoxetine
Risperidone
Rhabdomyolysis
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
34. Difference between COX 1 and COX 2
Nitroprusside
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
Dopamine blockade
Bile acid - binding resins
35. Most common side effect of 1st generation antihistamines
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
Glyburide - glipizide - and rosiglitazone
Sedation
AZT (zidovudine)
36. Antidote used for benzodiazepine toxicity
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
Levodopa
Flumazenil
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
37. Chelating agent used in acute iron toxicity
Vancomycin
Cyclobenzaprine
Deferoxamine
Pregnancy
38. Inhibitor of lipoxygenase
Zileuton
Infants
Protamine
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
39. Beta 2 agonist used to suppress premature labor - but cardiac stimulatory effects may be hazardous to mother and fetus
Thick ascending limb
Terbutaline
L- dopa
Epinephrine
40. Neurotransmitters affected by the action of antidepressants
Epinephrine - dipivefrin
Norepinephrine and serotonin
Valproic acid
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
41. Antidote used for acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Tissue plasmin activator
Prednisone
Hypoglycemia
42. Anti - rheumatic agent also used for ulcerative colitis
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction
C- peptide
Sulfasalazine
43. Common toxicities of cisplatin
Meperidine
Acebutolol - atenolol - esmolol - metoprolol
Nephro and ototoxicity
Dolasetron
44. DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)
Adenosine
Respiratory failure
Halothane
Odansetron
45. MOA of loop diuretics
Cardiac anomalies and is contraindicated in pregnancy or lactation
SSRI's - bupropion - and venlafaxine
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
46. Tolerance to all effects of opioid agonists can develop except
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Ipratropium
Miosis and constipation
47. Major drug interaction with Quinidine
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Infants
Aminocaproic acid
Increases concentration of Digoxin
48. Anti - seizure drugs used also for bipolar affective disorder (BAD)
Valproic acid - carbamazepine - phenytoin and gabapentin
Potassium channel blockers
Rheumatic disease
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
49. Distribution of histamine receptors H1 - H2 - and H3
Smooth muscle; stomach - heart - and mast cells; nerve endings - CNS respectively
Long - acting sedative - hypnotic or a gradual reduction of dose - clonidine or propranolol
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Gingival hyperplasia - nystagmus - diplopia and ataxia
50. Common mechanism by which overdose result in death
Gabapentin
Doxepin
Depression of medullary and cardiovascular centers
Carboplatin
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