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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Atropine fever is the most dangerous effect and can be lethal in this population group
Clonazepam
Deferoxamine
Infants
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
2. Activation of these receptors open K+ ion channels to cause membrane hyperpolarization
Acarbose - miglitol
Fomepizole
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
Amiodarone
3. TCA with greatest sedation of this group - and marked antimuscarinic effects - used for sleep
Flumazenil
Doxepin
Vitamin B12
Ethanol
4. Drugs of choice for status epilepticus
Tamoxifen
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Midazolam
Zileuton
5. LA causing methemoglobinemia
Prilocaine
Peripheral neuritis and hepatitis
Cyclophosphamide
Nephrotoxicity
6. Dose may need to be increased during pregnancy or with Ocs due to increased TBG in plasma
Volume of distribution (VD)
Hypokalemia
5- flouracil (5- FU)
Thyroxine
7. State of analgesia and amnesia produced when fentanyl is used with droperidol and nitrous oxide
Sumatriptan
Neuroleptanesthesia
Paclitaxel (taxol)
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
8. Clinical uses of these agents include treatment of HTN - angina - arrhythmias - chronic CHF - and selected post MI patients
Metformin
Prednisone
Beta blockers
Older antipsychotics
9. ADH agonist used for pituitary diabetes insipidus
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Thioridazine
Buspirone
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
10. Drug used for African sleeping sickness
Suramin
Ephedrine
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
St. Anthony's Fire
11. Chelating agent used in acute iron toxicity
Allopurinol
Torsades de pointes
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
Deferoxamine
12. Antidote used for warfarin toxicity
Muscarinic blockers
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Isoflurane
13. Selective Alpha 1 blocker used for hypertension - BPH - may cause first dose orthostatic hypotension
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
CNS toxicity
Lorazepam - oxazepam - and temazepam
Dry cough - hyperkalemia
14. SE of imipenem
Phenytoin
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Cytomel
Seizures
15. Non - selective Alpha1blockers use to treat pheochromocytoma
Thick ascending limb
Dry cough - hyperkalemia
Phenoxybenzamine
PTU
16. MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide) - class IB (eg. Lidocaine) - and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics
Sodium channel blockers
Penicillamine
ED50
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
17. Major nutritional side effect of bile acid - binding resins
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)
Bile acid - binding resins
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Steady state
18. Enhances dopaminergic neurotransmission SE's include CNS excitation - acute toxic psychosis and livedo reticularis
Phenylephrine
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Digoxin
Amantadine
19. 'Date rape drug'
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
Uterine contractions
Severe hypertension
Ribavirin
20. H1 antagonist used in motion sickness
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Octreotide
Mannitol
Affinity
21. MOA of erythromycin
Flumazenil
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
Dobutamine and dopamine
Pramipexole and ropinirole
22. NSAID that is used for acute condition - such as pre - op anesthesia and has limited duration (<5 days) of use due to nephrotoxicity
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
Ketoralac
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism
PTU
23. Anticoagulant of choice in pregnancy
GLUT 2
Diazepam
Heparin
Vitamin D
24. Antiprogestin used as potent antagonist of GC receptor
Aspirin
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
Allopurinol
Mifepristone
25. MOA of class III antiarrhythmics
PTU
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo - oxygenase (cox)
Potassium channel blockers
Esmolol
26. Products of Phase II conjugation
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
Pulse therapy
Aminoglutethimide
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
27. Common side effect of hypnotic agents
Ganciclovir
Sedation
EOS
Increasing sodium excretion and decreases arterial and venous tone
28. Diuretic used for mountain sickness and glaucoma
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Acetazolamide
ORAL vancomycin
Haloperidol or pimozide
29. Commonly abused LA which has cardiovascular toxicity including severe hypertension with cerebral hemorrhage - cardiac arrhythmias - and myocardial infarction
Rebound HTN - sedation - dry mouth
Cocaine
'On - off - phenomenon'
nephro and ototoxicity
30. Peptide causing increased capillary permeability and edema
Digoxin
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
Bradykinin and histamine
Chloramphenicol
31. Cardioselective Beta 1- blockers
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Atenolol - acebutolol - and metoprolol
Skeletal muscle tremor - tachycardia
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
32. Agent used for anemias associated with renal failure
Erythropoietin
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
Therapeutic index
33. Antidote useful for some drug induced Torsade de pointes
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
Magnesium sulfate
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
34. Benzodiazepines used to promote sleep
Aztreonam
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
Abstinence syndrome
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
35. The fraction of administered dose of a drug that reaches systemic circulation
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Increase the DURATION of GABA- mediated chloride ion channels
Bioavailability (F)
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism
36. Beta 2 agonist used to suppress premature labor - but cardiac stimulatory effects may be hazardous to mother and fetus
Terbutaline
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
GI bleeding
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
37. SE for Felbamate
Aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Ethanol
Dopamine
38. Other side effects of Quinidine
Nicotine
Most are thought to act at GABA- A receptor - chloride channel
Zileuton
Thrombocytopenic purpura - and CINCHONISM
39. Interact with microtubules (but unlike vinca which prevent disassembly of tubules) - it stabilizes tubulin and cells remain frozen in metaphase
Peripheral neuropathy (also excessive alcohol use is associated with HTN - anemia - and MI)
Didanosine
Chemical esophagitis
Paclitaxel (taxol)
40. 5 alpha - reductase inhibitor used for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and male pattern baldness
Epinephrine
Tolerance
REM is decreased
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
41. Nitroprusside vasodilates
Hypoglycemia
Spironolactone
Arteries and veins
Zileuton
42. Chronic orthostatic hypotension can be treated with
Midodrine
Tissue plasmin activator
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Decrease arterial blood pressure
43. Reduced seizure threshold
Bradykinin and histamine
Prolongs QT interval
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
Ceftriaxone
44. Overdoses of this agent with powerful vasoconstrictive action may result in fatalities from arrhythmias - seizures - respiratory depression - or severe HTN (MI and stroke)
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45. Benzodiazepine that is used for anesthesia
Hypertrichosis
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
Midazolam
46. Antidote for tissue plasminogen activator (t - PA) - streptokinase
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth - constipation); weak alpha -1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
Aminocaproic acid
Buprenorphine
Volume of distribution (VD)
47. Drug used in neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Cutaneous flush
Dantrolene
Aspirin - Nitrates - CCB - and Beta blockers
Nicotine
48. Drug causes teeth discoloration
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Disulfiram - like reaction
Tetracycline
'On - off - phenomenon'
49. Bronchodilation in asthma and COPD
Ipratropium
Dantrolene
Vancomycin
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
50. HIV antiviral class known to have severe drug interactions by causing inhibition of metabolism
Increases concentration of Digoxin
Protease inhibitors
Presynaptic mu - delta - and kappa receptors
B- blockers
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