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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
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comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive property - favored for head - neck - and pharyngeal surgery
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
Phase I
Ototoxicity
Cocaine
2. Vitamin given with calcium to ensure proper absorption
Vitamin D
Methadone
Pilocarpine - carbachol - physostigmine
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
3. Toxicity caused by nitroprusside and treatment
Diclofenac - ketoralac
Cyanide toxicity treated with sodium thiosulfate
Carbidopa
Competitive antagonist
4. Associated with an increased incidence of cataracts in patients treated for glaucoma
Vitamin B12
Lipoprotein lipase
Thick ascending limb
Long acting cholinesterase inhibitors
5. Common SE of tamoxifen and raloxifene
Morphine
SEVERE myelosuppression
Hot flashes
Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction
6. Antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia
Scotch tape technique and mebendazole
Zolpidem - zaleplon
Risperidone
Dantrolene
7. Relates the amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration
Diazepam
Streptomycin
Barbiturates - phenytoin - carbamazepine - and rifampin
Volume of distribution (VD)
8. Drug that selectively inhibits COX 2
Celecoxib and rofecoxib
Aminoglutethimide
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Half - life (T1/2)
9. Drug that causes gray baby syndrome and aplastic anemia
Venlafaxine
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Haloperidol
Chloramphenicol
10. Beta 2 agonist used to suppress premature labor - but cardiac stimulatory effects may be hazardous to mother and fetus
Glucuronate - acetic acid - and glutathione sulfate
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Terbutaline
Calcium channel blockers
11. These beta blockers are less lipid soluble
Ganciclovir
Infants
Dextroamphetamines and methamphetamine
Acebutolol and atenolol
12. Drug causing depletion of substance P (vasodilator)
Capsaicin
Salmeterol
Sermorelin
Insulin release from pancreas; faster and shorter acting than sulfonylurea
13. Type of resistance found with vancomycin
IV diazepam for short term (acute) treatment; phenytoin for prolonged therapy
Pregnancy
Point mutation
Hepatic
14. MOA of erythromycin
Dantrolene
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Tetrabenazine (amine depleting drug) - Haloperidol (antipsychotic)
15. Inhaled anesthetic with a low blood/gas partition coefficient
Dimercaprol - EDTA
Levodopa
Nitrous oxide
Propranolol
16. MOA of thiazolindinediones
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Dimenhydrinate - meclizine - and other 1st generation
Malathion
Chlorpropamide
17. Leads to respiratory depression progressing to coma and death
Potency
Nadolol
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Overdose of opioids
18. New class of drugs that works by inhibiting absorption of intestinal cholesterol and can be given concurrently with the Statins
Carbidopa
Pindolol and acebutolol
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
ORAL vancomycin
19. SE of lithium
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
Steroids
Dobutamine
20. Inhibit angiotensin - converting enzyme (ACE)
ACE inhibitors
'On - off - phenomenon'
Rheumatic disease
Mifepristone (RU-486)
21. Concentration in the plasma times (clearance divided by bioavailability)
Abciximab - tirofiban and eptifibatide
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
Glucocorticoids
22. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Acetazolamide
Vasodilation
Estrogen
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
23. Ultra long acting insulin - has over a day duration of action
Glargine (Lantus) - detemir
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Naloxone (IV) - naltrexone (PO)
24. Opioid associated with respiratory depression - but is used in high risk patients who may not survive full general anesthetia
Bleeding
Acebutolol and atenolol
Fentanyl
Constipation - edema - and headache
25. Longer acting benzodiazepines used in the management of withdrawal states of alcohol and other drugs
Prostaglandin PGF2a
Propoxyphene
Chlordiazepoxide and Diazepam
Norepinephrine and serotonin
26. Antiarrhythmic effective in most types of arrhythmia
Relax vascular smooth muscle - at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles
Amiodarone
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
Reduce aqueous secretion
27. Common side effect of hypnotic agents
Sodium channel blockade
Hepatic
Cocaine and benzocaine
Sedation
28. Anti - seizure medication also used in the prevention of migraines
Additive CNS depression
Valproic acid
Propranolol
Verapamil
29. Barbiturate used for the induction of anesthesia
Dicyclomine - methscopolamine
Thiopental
CNS stimulation; GI upset
Fentanyl
30. Drug of choice for generalized anxiety disorder - Not effective in acute anxiety
Fluorocarbons and Industrial solvents
Midazolam
Buspirone
Lactic acidosis
31. Anabolic steroid that has potential for abuse
Lupus - like syndrome
Pioglitazone - Rosiglitazone - Troglitazone (withdrawn/d from market)
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
Autocoids
32. Anti - microbials that cause hemolysis in G6PD- deficient patients
Prolongs QT interval
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Sulfonamides
Ipratropium
33. Drug that inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase and is used in ethylene glycol exposure
Decreased micro and macro vascular disease
Tremor - sedation - ataxia - aphasia - thyroid enlargement - and reversible diabetes insipidus
LD50
Fomepizole
34. MOA of cisplatin
Alkylating agent
Rescue therapy
CNS stimulation; GI upset
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
35. Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used for prevention of osteoporosis and prophylaxis in women with risk factors for breast cancer
Patches - gum - nasal spray - psychotherapy - and bupropion
Raloxifene
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Dicyclomine - methscopolamine
36. SE of imipenem
Magnesium sulfate
Seizures
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Dantrolene
37. Converted to more active form DHT by 5 alpha - reductase
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
Act on intestine - delay digestion and absorption of glucose formed from digestion of starch and disacchrides
Desflurane
Testosterone
38. Pyrimidine analog that causes 'Thymine - less death' given with leucovorin rescue
Hepatic enzymes
Zero order kinetics
Erythromycin
5- flouracil (5- FU)
39. Agents that inhibit acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
Vitamin B12
Cocaine and benzocaine
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
Disulfiram - metronidazole - certain sulfonylureas and cephalosporins
40. Used to treat patients exposed to insecticides such as parathion
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Oxidation - reduction - hydrolysis
Pralidoxime - atropine
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
41. MOA for benzodiazepines and barbiturates
GABA- related targets
increase the FREQUENCY of GABA- mediated chloride ion channel opening
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
LFT's
42. SE of methyldopa
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43. Second generation sulfonylurea
Ethanol or fomepizole
PGE1
DOM - STP - MDA - and MDMA 'ecstasy'
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
44. Phenylisopropylamines that are used legitimately and abused for narcolepsy - attention deficit disorder - and weight reduction
Amphetamines
Testicular cancer
Isoflurane
Vasodilation
45. Major SE of bisphosphonates
LSD
Increasing afterload and tissue perfusion declines
Deferoxamine
Chemical esophagitis
46. Increased risk of developing cataracts
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Quetiapine
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
Iron deiodinates thyroxine
47. The most frequent cause of acute deaths in cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity
Respiratory failure
LFT's
Paresthesias - alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts) - hypokalemia - acidosis - and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment
Echothiophate
48. State of analgesia and amnesia produced when fentanyl is used with droperidol and nitrous oxide
Neuroleptanesthesia
Acarbose
Lupus - like syndrome
Mirtazapine
49. DOC for herpes and its MOA
Insulin glargine
Carbamazepine
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and ototoxicity
50. Selective Alpha 1 blocker used for hypertension - BPH - may cause first dose orthostatic hypotension
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Prazosin - terazosin - doxazosin
100% O2 and hyperbaric O2
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
Sorry!:) No result found.
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