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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Partial opioid agonist - considered a strong analgesic - has a long duration of action and is resistant to naloxone reversal
Buprenorphine
Megaloblastic anemia
Full agonist
Labetalol and carvedilol
2. Pyrimidine analog that causes 'Thymine - less death' given with leucovorin rescue
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
5- flouracil (5- FU)
Ondansetron - granisetron - dolasetron and alosetron
EOS
3. Agent that inhibits hepatic metabolism - is hepatotoxic and teratogen that can cause neural tube defects and gastrointestinal distress
Valproic acid
L- asparaginase
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Insulin release from pancreas by modifying K+ channels
4. DOC for bipolar affective disorder
Overdose of opioids
Dolasetron
Rescue therapy
Lithium
5. Long acting sympathomimetic - sometimes used to improve urinary continence in children and elderly with enuresis
Erythromycin
Repaglinide
Ephedrine
Digibind
6. Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Ketoralac
NSAIDS
Positive Comb's test - depression
7. Analog of hypoxanthine - needs HGPRTase for activation
Carbamazepine
6- mercaptopurine (6- MP)
Warfarin (PT)
Glucagon
8. Antidote for beta - blockers and hypoglycemia
Deferoxamine
Glucagon
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
Calcium channel blockers
9. This is combined with L- dopa - inhibits DOPA decarboxylase (active only peripherally) which allows lower effective doses of L- dopa and allows for fewer SE's (GI distress - postural hypotension - and dyskinesias)
Carbidopa
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly
Chloramphenicol
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
10. This route is associated with rapid tolerance and psychologic dependence
Raloxifene
First order kinetics
Disulfiram - like reaction
IV administration
11. Anti - biotic frequently used for chronic UTI prophylaxis
Overdose of opioids
Carvedilol
Hepatic toxicity
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
12. Used for SIADH
Ethanol
Haloperidol
Demeclocycline
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
13. Antidepressant with MOA as alpha 2 antagonist - has effects on both 5- HT and NE - blocks histamine receptors - and is sedating
Mirtazapine
GFR
Morphine - methadone - meperidine - and fentanyl
Metronidazole
14. The most important sign of withdrawal syndrome
Excessive CNS stimulation (seizures)
Mifepristone
Raloxifene
Zolpidem - zaleplon
15. Losartan and valsartan block
Clonazepam
Selegiline
Midazolam
Angiotensin receptor
16. SE for Felbamate
Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure
Bromocriptine
Vincristine
17. Where are beta cells found in the pancreas?
Islets of Langerhans
Pralidoxime
Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin
Adenosine
18. Combined alpha and beta blocking agents that may have application in treatment of CHF
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate
Labetalol and carvedilol
Suramin
19. Anti - arrhythmic with 15 second duration of action
Citalopram and its metabolite escitalopram
Prolongs QT interval
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
Adenosine
20. Lactam that can be used in PCN allergic patients
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
Oxytocin - ergonovine and ergotamine
Thick ascending limb
Aztreonam
21. SE of spironolactone
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
Reduce the loss from area of injection
Gynecomastia hyperkalemia - and impotence
Malathion
22. CCB contraindicated in CHF
Verapamil
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
Phenytoin
23. MOA of class III antiarrhythmics
Excessive hypotension and kidney failure
Morphine - methadone - meperidine - and fentanyl
Hypertension
Potassium channel blockers
24. These drugs strongly potentiate and prolong effect of neuromuscular blockade (NMB)
Lupus - like syndrome
Inhaled anesthetics - especially isoflurane - aminoglycosides - and antiarrhythmic
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
25. Neurotoxicity with isoniazid (INH) prevented by
Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)
N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
increase the FREQUENCY of GABA- mediated chloride ion channel opening
CHOP (cyclophosphamide - doxorubicin - vincristine - and prednisone) plus rituximab
26. Anti - seizure agent that exhibits non - linear metabolism - highly protein bound - causes fetal hydantoin syndrome - and stimulates hepatic metabolism
Insulin glargine
Phenytoin
Cartilage damage
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
27. Median effective dose required for an effect in 50% of the population
Valproic acid
Sulfasalazine
Thrombocytopenia
ED50
28. This beta blocker is highly lipid soluble and may account for side effects such as nightmares
Older antipsychotic agents - D2 receptors
Propranolol
Lupus - like syndrome
Fomepizole
29. Time it takes for amount of drug to fall to half of its value; this is a constant in first order kinetics (majority of drugs)
Acetazolamide
Half - life (T1/2)
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
Severe hypertension
30. Proteins that prevent action of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- alpha)
Adalimumab - infliximab and etanercept
Mirtazapine
Timolol (nonselective) - betaxolol (selective)
Haloperidol or pimozide
31. Anti - psychotics available in depot preparation
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
IV and IM (only LMW)
Affect calcium - potassium - and sodium channels
LFT's
32. Amount of drug necessary to elicit a biologic effect; refers to the drug's strength
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Tetracaine and bupivacaine
Potency
L- dopa
33. Some of SSRIs' therapeutic effects beside depression
Cartilage damage
Panic attacks - social phobias - bulimia nervosa - and PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) - OCD
Aspirin
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
34. Drug that inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase and is used in ethylene glycol exposure
Regular (Humulin R)
Dimercaprol - EDTA
Fomepizole
First generation due to being more lipid - soluble
35. Common SE of tamoxifen and raloxifene
Capsaicin
Hyperuricemia - hypokalemia and hyperglycemia
Hot flashes
Letrozole - anastrozole
36. Penicillins active against penicillinase secreting bacteria
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
Oral
Odansetron - granisetron
37. Type of resistance found with vancomycin
Lithium toxicity
Point mutation
Nitrous oxide
Pregnancy
38. Antivirals that are teratogens
Delavirdine - efavirenz - and ribavirin
Lupus - like syndrome
N- acetylcysteine
Hepatotoxicity
39. Antipsychotics that reduce positive symptoms only
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Older antipsychotics
40. Antidepressant which is inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes and may be associated with hepatic failure
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
Prinzmetal's angina
Iodide salts
Nefazodone
41. Nonselective alpha - blocking drug - long acting and irreversible - and used to treat pheochromocytoma. Blocks 5- HT - so occasionaly used for carcinoid tumor. Blocks H1 and used in mastocytosis
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Pentoxifylline
Phenoxybenzamine
Cutaneous flush
42. Bleomycin+vinblastine+etoposide+cisplatin produce almost a 100% response when all agents are used for this neoplasm
Testicular cancer
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
DUMBELSS (diarrhea - urination - miosis - bronchoconstriction - excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS - lacrimation - salivation - and sweating)
Postural hypotension - reflex tachycardia - hot flashes - and throbbing headache due to meningeal artery dilation
43. Agent used to treat MI and to reduce incidence of subsequent MI
Nortriptyline - Desipramine
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
Aspirin - metoprolol
Odansetron - granisetron
44. Monitoring parameter to obtain before initiation of STATINS
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45. Oral antibiotic of choice for moderate inflammatory acne
Alendronate - etidronate - risedronate - pamidronate - tiludronate - and zoledronic acid
Minocycline
Acebutolol and atenolol
Noncompetitive antagonist
46. SE of hydralazine
Lupus - like syndrome
Testosterone
Aspirin
Albuterol
47. These agents are congeners of Amphetamine
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48. Period of time of therapy after which GC therapy will need to be tapered
Epinephrine
Cisplatin
AZT (zidovudine)
5-7 days
49. Metronidazole SE if given with alcohol
B- blockers
Benzodiazepines and calcium channel blockers
Bupropion
Disulfiram - like reaction
50. Chelating agent used in acute iron toxicity
Nephro and ototoxicity
Deferoxamine
Scopolamine - meclizine
Ability to cross the placenta