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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
,
comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inhaled anesthetic with a low blood/gas partition coefficient
Repaglinide
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
Nitrous oxide
Calcitonin (salmon prep)
2. ADH agonist used for pituitary diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Hot flashes
Glyburide - glipizide - glimepiride - etc.
Betamethasone and dexamethasone
3. Cephalosporins able to cross the BBB
Cefuroxime (2nd) generation - Ceftazidime - Ceftriaxone
TD50
Dexamethasone suppression test
Yohimbine
4. Antiprogestin used as potent antagonist of GC receptor
Mifepristone
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Bradykinin
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
5. Antipsychotics that reduce positive symptoms only
Nitrous oxide
Verapamil
Older antipsychotics
Leuprolide
6. Interaction with this drug requires dose reduction of 6- MP
Timolol
Allopurinol
Dantrolene
Fluphenazine and haloperidol
7. Ability to produce less than 100% of the response
Aztreonam
Regular (Humulin R)
Partial agonist
Ethanol
8. Produces both rapid anesthesia and recovery - has antiemetic activity and commonly used for outpatient surgery - may cause marked hypotension
Sermorelin
Bile acid - binding resins
Esmolol
Propofol
9. Uses of bisphosphonates
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10. Biguanide
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome
Metformin
Interferon alpha
11. Can be effective for short term therapy of thyroid storm - but after several weeks of therapy causes an exacerbation of hyperthyroidism
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
Iodide salts
Midazolam
Hot flashes
12. Alpha 1 agonist toxicity
Hypertension
Dobutamine
Acetazolamide
Spironolactone
13. Inhalant anesthetics
Lupus - like syndrome
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
Therapeutic index
Flumazenil
14. Most useful in patients with significant anxiety - phobic features - hypochondriasis - and resistant depression
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
Sodium channel blockade
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
Nateglinide
15. Drug of choice for myoclonic seizures
Peripheral neuritis and hepatitis
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Valproic acid
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
16. Long acting beta 2 agonist used in asthma
L- thyroxine (T4)
Pancuronium
Salmeterol
Neostigmine
17. Thioamide agents used in hyperthyroidism
Cosyntropin
Low - potency typical antipsychotics and clozapine
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Mifepristone
18. Drug elimination with a constant amount metabolized regardless of drug concentration
Zero order kinetics
Alprostadil
Miosis and constipation
Trazodone
19. The most frequent cause of acute deaths in cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
Potassium channel blockers
Respiratory failure
20. ACTH analog used for diagnosis of patients with corticosteroid abnormality
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)
Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4
Cyclobenzaprine
Cosyntropin
21. Produces disulfiram - like reaction with ethanol
Insulin secretagogue - closes ATP- sensitive K+ channel
Esmolol
Procarbazine
Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)
22. Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
Muscarinic blockers
Atropine - homatropine - C1208 tropicamide
Aplastic anemia and renal toxicity
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)
23. Prototypical drug is atropine
Mast cell stabilizer
Osteopenia - impaired wound healing - inc. risk of infection - inc. appetite - HTN - edema - PUD - euphoria - psychosis - stria - thinning of skin
Nonselective Muscarinic Antagonists
Inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis - decreased T cell proliferation and decreased antibody production by B cells
24. New class of drugs that works by inhibiting absorption of intestinal cholesterol and can be given concurrently with the Statins
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Warfarin (PT)
25. Drug of choice for generalized anxiety disorder - Not effective in acute anxiety
Thick ascending limb
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Buspirone
26. Antidote for salicylate intoxication
Alkalinize urine - dialysis
nephro and ototoxicity
Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC)
Nondepolarizing type antagonists
27. Antidote used for heparin overdose
Protamine
Glucocorticoids
Side - effect profile and prior pt response
Ipratropium
28. TCA used in chronic pain - a hypnotic - and has marked antimuscarinic effects
Amitriptyline
Amoxicillin
Calcium channel blockers
Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamin absorption (A - D - E - K)
29. SE of ergot alkaloids
Acute intermittent porphyria
Gingival hyperplasia
Buspirone
Hallucinations resembling psychosis
30. Cephalosporins Not able to cross the BBB
Ethanol - Barbiturates - and Benzodiazepines
Thrombocytopenia
Metronidazole
Cefixime (3rd) generation
31. Names of three bisphosphonates available IV
Carbidopa
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate
Hydration and mercaptoethanesulfonate (MESNA)
Steady state
32. Used for Addison's disease - Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) - inflammation - allergies - and asthma (as a local inhalation)
Glucocorticoids
CNS toxicity
Propranolol
Half - life (T1/2)
33. Potassium sparing diuretics inhibit
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Apraclonidine - brimonidine
Na+/K+ exchange
Diazepam
34. The selective agents loose their selectivity at
Magnesium sulfate
Meperidine
high doses
Infliximab
35. MOA of thiazolindinediones
Digibind (also need to d/c digoxin - normalize K+ - and lidocaine if pt. Is arrhythmic)
Stimulate PPAR- gamma receptor to regulate CHO and lipid metabolism
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Capsaicin
36. Drugs decrease intestinal absorption of cholesterol
Ethosuximide and valproic acid
Phenobarbital
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
Bile acid - binding resins
37. Antidote used for cyanide poisoning
Nitrites
Valproic acid
Steroids
inhibits HMG COA reductase
38. Antihistamine that can be used for anxiety and insomnia and is not addictive
hydroxyzine (Atarax)
Yohimbine
Nefazodone
Mivacurium
39. 1st generation antihistamine that is highly sedating
Clomipramine - fluoxetine and fluvoxamine
Diphendydramine
Odansetron - granisetron
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
40. First generation sulfonylurea
Chlorpropamide - tolbutamide - tolazamide - etc.
Cerebral hemorrhage
Dextroamphetamines and methamphetamine
Torsades de pointes
41. These agents are used as antidiarrheal
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
Rheumatic disease
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Bradykinin
42. COX 2 inhibitors may have reduced risk of
Ganciclovir - zidovudine - saquinavir - and interferon
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
Oral
Amiodarone
43. SE of AGI's
SEVERE myelosuppression
block SLUD (salivation - lacrimation - urination - defecation
Flatulence (do not use beano to tx) - diarrhea - abdominal cramps
IV administration
44. Anabolic steroid that has potential for abuse
Lispro (Humalog) - aspart - glulisine
Nandrolone - oxymetholone - and oxandrolone
Competitive antagonist
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
45. Agent used to treat MI and to reduce incidence of subsequent MI
'On - off - phenomenon'
Diazepam
Aspirin - metoprolol
Vancomycin - infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines
46. Difference between COX 1 and COX 2
Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly - respectively
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue
Temazpam - trizolam - flurazepam
47. Penicillins active against penicillinase secreting bacteria
Megaloblastic anemia
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
Mannitol
48. SE of tPA
Phenobarbital
Cerebral hemorrhage
Pamidronate - zoledronate - ibandronate
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
49. SE of beta blockers
Bradycardia - SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION - decrease in HDL - and increase in Triglycerols (TG)
First generation due to being more lipid - soluble
SEVERE myelosuppression
Diclofenac - ketoralac
50. Agent used in drug therapy of Parkinson's instead of Dopamine which has low bioavailability and does not cross the BBB
Liver toxicity
Dextroamphetamines and methamphetamine
L- dopa
Desmopressin (DDAVP)