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USMLE/COMLEX Step 1 Pharmacology One Liners
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Subjects
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health-sciences
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usmle-step-1
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comlex
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Dose may need to be increased during pregnancy or with Ocs due to increased TBG in plasma
Thyroxine
Glucocorticoids
Tamoxifen
Esmolol
2. Leads to respiratory depression progressing to coma and death
Aspirin
Mostly in the brain - and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance
Overdose of opioids
Physostigmine
3. SE of hydroxychloroquine
Ability to cross the placenta
Neostigmine
Retinal destruction and dermatitis
Aspirin - metoprolol
4. IV barbiturate used as a pre - op anesthetic
Edema - mild anemia; interaction with drugs that undergo CytP450 3A4 metabolism
Vincristine
Thiopental
Ganirelix
5. NSAID available orally - IM and ophthalmically
Dextromethorphan - Codeine
Glucagon
Ketoralac
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
6. Drug ofter used in combination with TNF - alpha inhitors for RA
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Disulfiram
Methotrexate
Primaquine
7. Reason ergot alkaloids are contraindicated in pregnancy
inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl - cotransport
Uterine contractions
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
8. Agent used in CHF that is a selective alpha and nonselective beta blocker
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Somatostatin
Phase I
Carvedilol
9. Aminoglycosides used with loop diuretics potentiate adverse effect
Muscarinic blockers
Ototoxicity
Rescue therapy
NO - chloroform - and diethyl ether
10. This agent cause increased aqueous outflow
Amiodarone
Prostaglandin PGF2a
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Allopurinol
11. Peptide drug used to treat CHF
sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Nesiritide (BNP)
L- asparaginase
Codeine - hydrocodone - and oxycodone
12. Three C's associated with TCA toxicity
CNS depressants
Coma - Convulsions - Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
Trazodone
G- CSF (filgrastim) and GM- CSF (sargramostim)
13. Antidote to benzodiazepine overdose (antagonist that reverses the CNS effects)
Flumazenil
Epinephrine - dipivefrin
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
Spironolactone
14. Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity
Clomipramine
Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects
N- acetylcysteine
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
15. Penicillins active against penicillinase secreting bacteria
Methicillin - nafcillin - and dicloxacillin
Somatostatin
Ticlopidine
Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2 - and PGF2alpha
16. Alpha 1selective blockers
Steroids
High therapeutic index
Postsynaptic Mu receptors
Prazosin - terazosin and doxazosin (- AZOSIN ending)
17. SE of hydralazine
Lupus - like syndrome
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Peripheral neuritis and hepatitis
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
18. Nitrate used for acute anginal attacks
Dopamine blockade
Aminocaproic acid
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets
Thiopental
19. Lactam that can be used in PCN allergic patients
Carbenicillin - piperacillin and ticarcillin
Aztreonam
Pralidoxime - atropine
Theophylline
20. Effective in preventing TIA's
Tissue plasmin activator
Sodium channel blockers
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Clopidogrel and ticlopidine
21. Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX
Acetazolamide
Celecoxib
Phenytoin
NSAIDS
22. Anti - emetics used in association with anti - cancer drugs that are 5- HT3 (serotonin receptor subtype ) antagonists
Odansetron - granisetron
FOMEPIZOLE - used to prevent formation of toxic metabolites from methanol and ethylene glycol ingestion
Toremifene (Fareston)
Celecoxib and rofecoxib
23. Antidote used for warfarin toxicity
Ability to cross the placenta
Ondansetron - granisetron - dolasetron and alosetron
Affinity
Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
24. Benzodiazepines that are the most effective in the treatment of panic disorder
Vincristine
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
Cytomel
Kidney and liver toxicity - diarrhea
25. Long acting insulin
Oral and transdermal forms of nitroglycerin
Mechlorethamine
Ultralente (humulin U)
Epinephrine
26. Benzodiazepine used for anxiety
Baclofen
Nesiritide (BNP)
Bile acid - binding resins
Alprazolam
27. W/D from this drug causes anxiety and mental discomfort
Cimetidine - ketoconazole - erythromycin - isoniazid and grapefruit
Increased thromboembolic events
Nicotine
Procarbazine
28. Combined alpha and beta blocking agents that may have application in treatment of CHF
Raloxifene (SERM- selective estrogen receptor modulator)
Acyclovir; incorporated into viral DNA and chain termination
Chloramphenicol
Labetalol and carvedilol
29. Only direct acting agent that is very lipid soluble and used in glaucoma
Angiotensin receptor
AZT (zidovudine)
Red urine discoloration
Pilocarpine
30. DOC for influenza A
Activattion on an inward K+ current and inhibition of Ca++ current resulting in marked hyperpolarization
Diphenoxylate - Loperamide
Indomethacin
Amantadine
31. 3 zones of adrenal cortex and their products
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC) - and reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Alprazolam and Clonazepam
Valproic acid and Phenytoin
32. MOA of tetracycline
Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Dimercaprol - EDTA
33. Approved for use in severe pulmonary HTN
PGI2 (epoprostenol)
Irreversibly blocking cyclooxygenase
Meperidine
Combination oral contraceptives (OC)
34. Drug of choice for leprosy
Dobutamine and dopamine
Mifepristone (RU-486)
Dapsone - rifampin and clofazimine combination
B- blockers
35. Beta blockers work in CHF by
Atrial fibrillation and CHF
Flumazenil
Reducing progression of heart failure (never use in acute heart failure)
You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2)
36. SE of mirtazapine
Salmeterol
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly
Alkylating agents (eg. - mechlorethamine - cyclophosphamide) - antibiotics (doxorubicin - daunorubicin) - cisplatin - nitrosourea
Liver toxicity - increased serum cholesterol
37. Rapid acting insulins that do not self - aggregate
Clozapine
Cyclobenzaprine
lispro insulin - aspart insulin - glulisine insulin
Esmolol
38. Site of action of loop diuretics
Rescue therapy
Stevens - Johnson syndrome
Neostigmine
Thick ascending limb
39. Anemia caused by trimethoprim
Naloxone
Megaloblastic anemia
Nitroprusside
Chlorpropamide
40. Cystitis - postoperative bladder spasms - or incontinence
Increased thromboembolic events
Raloxifene (SERM- selective estrogen receptor modulator)
Ribavirin
Oxybutynin - dicyclomine
41. Treatment of motion sickness
Scopolamine - meclizine
Thyroxine
Point mutation
Pulmonary embolism and DVT
42. One depolarizing blocker that causes continuous depolarization and results in muscle relaxation and paralysis - causes muscle pain postoperatively and myoglobinuria may occur
Toremifene (Fareston)
Succinylcholine
Vitamin D
Infants - closed angle glaucoma - prostatic hypertrophy
43. Intermediate acting glucocorticoids
Trazodone
Prednisone - methylprednisolone - prednisolone - and triamcinolone
Parathion
Inhibit Na+/Cl - cotransport
44. B- blockers that are more cardioselective
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
CMF (cyclophosphamide - methotrexate - and fluorouracil) and tamoxifen if ER+
Tissue plasmin activator
Beta -1 selective blockers
45. MAOI should not be administered with SSRI's or potent TCA's due to development of this condition
Sumatriptan
Serotonin syndrome
Tetracycline
Methotrexate
46. Common SE of spironolactone
Gynecomastia and hyperkalemia
Physostigmine
Beta blockers
Torsades de pointes
47. Thioamide agents used in hyperthyroidism
Aspirin
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Cyclobenzaprine
Arteries and veins
48. Anti - biotic frequently used for chronic UTI prophylaxis
sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim
Acid reflux disease - duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease
Degradation of fibrin clots and are administered IV
Levodopa
49. Agents used in treatment of carcinoid tumor
Carmustine (BCNU) and lomustine (CCNU)
Desflurane
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Ketanserin cyproheptadine - and phenoxybenzamine
50. Inhibitors of catechol - O- methyltransferase (COMT) - used as adjuncts in Parkinson's dx and cause acute hepatic failure (monitor LFT's)
Entacapone and Tolcapone
Atropine - pralidoxime (2- PAM)
Noncompetitive antagonist
Gynecomastia
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