SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE Embryo
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name two endocardial cushion defects.
Ebsteins anomaly; tricuspid atresia
Ventral and dorsal parts fail to fuse at 8th week; 2 pancreatic ducts!- more prone to pancreatitis
4th week
Oligohydramnios
2. What is congenital pharyngocutaneous fistula? and How does it occur?
First branchial pouch
Excessive resorption of septum primum or secondum (or both)
2; 1
Persistence of 3rd cleft (groove) and pouch causes fistula between tonsillar area and cleft in lateral neck
3. What embryologic structure gives rise to the smooth outflow tracts of the ventricles? what else does it give rise to?
Epispadias
Bulbos Cordis; right ventricle entirely
Occiptal
Mullerian inhibitory factor from Sertoli cells; increased androgen from Leydig cells
4. What does the foramen ovale shunt blood from - to where? What is its remnant?
Dorsal ventral axis
Week 3-8
Hemorrhage - bone deformities
From teh lung;blood from IVC in RA to LA; fossa ovalis
5. What is the primitive streak? From what layer does it form?
Arnold chiari; syringomyelia
Mesoderm; epiblast
External auditory meatus
Mesoderm
6. From What embryonic layer does a craniopharygioma arise?
Surface ectoderm
Transposition of great vessels (failure to spiral)- right to left shunt; tetralogy of Fallout (right to left shunt caused by skewed development of septum); persistent TA (partial septum development - also right to left shunt)
Yolk sac; liver (weeks 6-30) and spleen (9-28 weeks)
Aberrant development of 3rd and 4th pouches; t cell def (thymic aplasia) - hypocalcemia (failure of parathyroid development) - CF and CV defects
7. From What embryonic layer do the salivary - sweat and mammary glands arise?
Ventral shaft of penis (penile urethra); labia minora
Surface ectoderm
Upper 1/3; urogenital sinus
Ectoderm
8. What does DHT turn the genital tubercle into? estrogen?
Prevent recurrent UTIs
Glans penis and corpus cavernosum and spongiosum; glans clitoris and vestibular bulbs
Epiblast
Epispadias
9. What is contained in the umbilical cord?
Umbilical artery - vein; and whartons jelly (mucus connective tissue) - urachus
Ectoderm; endoderm
mesoderm
Aminoglycosides
10. What arises from the fourth aortic arch?
From endocardial cushions (ventral and dorsal meet each other)
Mesoderm; epiblast
Aortic arch (from left side); right subclavian (on the right)
Wolffian; mullerian
11. From What embryonic layer is the spleen from?
Neural crest cells
Ventral and dorsal parts fail to fuse at 8th week; 2 pancreatic ducts!- more prone to pancreatitis
ACE inhibitors - HCTZ
Mesoderm
12. Which part of pancreas contribute to body? tail? isthmus? accessory pancreatic duct?
Ventral bud
Tongue
Gastric outlet obstruction (bilious vomiting - feeding intolerance - abdominal distention)
Renal artery stenosis;
13. What does the maternal component of the placenta provide? Where is it derived from?
...
Nutrient and gas for exchange; endometrium
1st
Valproate acid
14. What teratogens can cause CN VIII toxicity in the fetus?
Week 8
Aminoglycosides
Week 4; week 3
Valproate acid
15. Which part of the chorionic villi can make cells?
Fetal alcohol syndrome; mental retardation
Cytotrophoblast
Neuroectoderm
Endoderm
16. What axis does the basal plate form? what neural system does it become?
Surface ectoderm
Reicherts cartilage: Stapes - Styloid process - Lesser horn of hyloid - Stylohyoid ligament and CN VII
Ventral ; motor
Indomethacin; blocks PG production
17. What gene is produced in the zone of polarizing activity?
Allantois
Blind upper esophagus with lower esophagus connected to trachea; cyanosis - choking and vomiting with feeding; air bubble on CXR; polyhydramnios; failure to pass NG tube; pneumonitis
Physiologic incomplete muscular ventricular septum
Sonic Hedgehog
18. What causes tetralogy of Fallot?
No more umbilical circulation emptying into RA
Myelencephalon
Meckels cartilage: mandible - malleus - INCUS - sphenoMandibular ligament; CN V2 and V3
Skewed development of AP septum
19. What is omphalocele? In What trisomies is it seen?
blood entering the RA
Ventral; failure of urogenital folds to close
Mesoderm; epiblast
Persistance of herniation of abdominal contents into umbilical cord covered by peritoneum; 13 - 18
20. From What embryonic layer does bone of the skulls arise?
Palpable olive mass in epigastric region; nonbilious projectile vomitting @around 2 weeks
Surface ectoderm
Deformation
Neural crest cells
21. What type of blood do umbilical veins carry? From where to where?
Week 8
Ectoderm; endoderm
Right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein
Oxygenated; placenta to fetus (IVC)
22. What embryological structure gives rise to the trabeculated part of the left and right atrium?
Urachus/median umbilical ligament; bladder and yolk sac
Valproate acid
Primitive atrium
Endoderm
23. What teratogen can cause an absence of digits amongst other things in the fetus? give an example.
Bulbourethral glands (of Cowper) and Prostate gland; greater vestibular glands (of Bartholin) and Urethral and paraurethral glands (of Skene)
Alkylating agents
Endoderm
Mesoderm
24. From What embryonic layer does the epithelial linings of the oral cavity arise?
20-50yrs - Abdominal pain - Postprandial fullness - Nausea - Peptic ulcers - Pancreatitis - Rarely - biliary obstruction
2; 1
Surface ectoderm
Neuroectoderm
25. What artery is derived branchial (aortic) arch 6?
Ectoderm - mesoderm - endoderm; epiblast - primitive streak - hypoblast; week 3
Germinal matrix hemorrhage
Pulm art (prox) and ductus arteriosus
Endoderm
26. What is the effect of teratogens after week 8?
Deformation
6th aortic arch
Neural crest cells
Myelencephalon
27. From what region of the brain does the fourth ventricle form?
Rhombencephalon
Dorsal; sensory
Decreased pulmonary resistance in the pulmonary vasculature
5th
28. During what week do the limbs begin to form?
Week 4
Renal artery stenosis;
Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation in upper extremities with preservation of touch sensation
Partial AP septum development; one large vessel leaves the heart - Right to left shunt
29. Cleft palate is a failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes - the nasal septum and or the ________?
Medial palatine processes
Ventral and dorsal parts fail to fuse at 8th week; 2 pancreatic ducts!- more prone to pancreatitis
1st branchial arch
Cytotrophoblast
30. What type of blood do umbilical arteries carry? From where to where?
Deoxygenated blood; fetal internal iliac arteries to placenta
Urogenital sinus; wolffian duct; mullerian duct; urogenital sinus; wolffian duct; wolffian duct; mullerian; mullerian
Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation in upper extremities with preservation of touch sensation
Polyhydramnios
31. The notochord is...
Lots - cleft palate/lip
Partial AP septum development; one large vessel leaves the heart - Right to left shunt
mesoderm
Arnold chiari; syringomyelia
32. Where is sonic hedgehog gene produced? What axis is it responsible in patterning?
Stapedius and hyoid artery
Partial AP septum development; one large vessel leaves the heart - Right to left shunt
After; extrinsic
Base of limbs in the zone of polarizing activity; ant - post
33. What causes the obstruction in pyloric stenosis? treatment?
Maxillary and medial nasal processes
Dorsal; sensory
Metencephalon; cerebellum
Hypertrophy of muscularis externis of pylorus; surgical incision
34. What causes meconium discharge from the umbilicus?
T neuroectoderm
Embryonic period; 1st trimester
A vitelline fistula - failure of vitelline duct to close
Nicotine; preterm labor
35. From What embryonic layer do chromaffin cells arise?
Ovarian ligament and round ligament of uterus; anchors testes within scrotum
Sperm plus egg
Neural crest cells
Surface ectoderm
36. From What embryonic layer does the epidermis arise?
Muscular ventricular septum; no
Mesoderm; nucleous pulposos
Surface ectoderm
3rd; proximal part of the internal carotid artery
37. What day is the amnion formed?
Mesoderm
Surface ectoderm
8
Week 8
38. Where is the mothers blood located in the placenta?
Lacunae in between the chorionic villi
is no longer intact
Sperm plus egg
3rd and 4th arches
39. What is the allantois become? What is this duct connected to ( on both ends)?
ACE inhibitors - HCTZ
Medial palatine processes
Lithium
Urachus/median umbilical ligament; bladder and yolk sac
40. What is associated with only one umbilical artery?
All intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid; CN X (recurrent laryngeal nerve - speaking)
Congenital and chromosomal abnormalities
Ventral bud
Neuroectoderm
41. Where is erythropoeisis in the weeks 3-8 of fetal development? Where does it occur after that? until when?
Neural crest cells
Dorsal; sensory
Yolk sac; liver (weeks 6-30) and spleen (9-28 weeks)
Cleft lip/palate
42. Which cranial nerve innervates the motor function of the tongue?
Mesoderm
XII
Caused by compression on trocheal nerve - causes vertical gaze paralysis (associated with arnold chiari)
Telencephalon
43. What part of the gut rotates around the SMA? and At what point?
3rd and 4th arches
Midgut; 10th week
Prenatal and perinatal
Dorsal; sensory
44. what muscles are derived from branchial arch 4? CN?
monoamniotic
Decreases
Failure of the urachus to obliterate; outpouching of the bladder
Most pharyngeal constrictors - Cricothyroid - levator veli palatini; CN X (superior laryngeal branch - swallowing)
45. What congenital abnormality forms a 'double bubble' on xray?
Ectoderm - mesoderm - endoderm; epiblast - primitive streak - hypoblast; week 3
Failure to spiral (aorta coming out of RV and PA coming out of left ventricle)- two completely separate systems
Annular pancrease
4th arch; 6th arch
46. At what week does the fetus look like a baby?
Week 8
Turners; inferior
Cleft lip/palate
Mesoderm
47. What type of radiation is teratogenic ?
During; instrinsic
Fluid filled cavity in spinal cord; C8- T1; arnold chiari II
DHT; estrogen
Ionizing
48. What artery is derived branchial (aortic) arch 1?
Surface ectoderm
4th pouch
Epiblast
Maxillary
49. What axis does the alar plate form? what neural system does it become?
Yolk sac; 3rd week
Endoderm
Lacunae in between the chorionic villi
Dorsal; sensory
50. From What embryonic layer are the schwann cells from ?
Neural crest cells
Bulbourethral glands (of Cowper) and Prostate gland; greater vestibular glands (of Bartholin) and Urethral and paraurethral glands (of Skene)
T neuroectoderm
Surface ectoderm
Sorry!:) No result found.
Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?
Let me suggest you:
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests
Major Subjects
Tests & Exams
AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT
Certifications
CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/
PMP
ITIL
RHCE
MCTS
More...
IT Skills
Android Programming
Data Modeling
Objective C Programming
Basic Python Programming
Adobe Illustrator
More...
Business Skills
Advertising Techniques
Business Accounting Basics
Business Strategy
Human Resource Management
Marketing Basics
More...
Soft Skills
Body Language
People Skills
Public Speaking
Persuasion
Job Hunting And Resumes
More...
Vocabulary
GRE Vocab
SAT Vocab
TOEFL Essential Vocab
Basic English Words For All
Global Words You Should Know
Business English
More...
Languages
AP German Vocab
AP Latin Vocab
SAT Subject Test: French
Italian Survival
Norwegian Survival
More...
Engineering
Audio Engineering
Computer Science Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Structural Engineering
More...
Health Sciences
Basic Nursing Skills
Health Science Language Fundamentals
Veterinary Technology Medical Language
Cardiology
Clinical Surgery
More...
English
Grammar Fundamentals
Literary And Rhetorical Vocab
Elements Of Style Vocab
Introduction To English Major
Complete Advanced Sentences
Literature
Homonyms
More...
Math
Algebra Formulas
Basic Arithmetic: Measurements
Metric Conversions
Geometric Properties
Important Math Facts
Number Sense Vocab
Business Math
More...
Other Major Subjects
Science
Economics
History
Law
Performing-arts
Cooking
Logic & Reasoning
Trivia
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests