SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE Embryo
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What embryological structure gives rise to the coronary sinus?
Left horn of the sinus venosus
Neural crest cells
Mesoderm
Endocardial cushions
2. From What embryonic layer are the melanocytes from?
2nd; 2nd
Neural crest cells
Gastric outlet obstruction (bilious vomiting - feeding intolerance - abdominal distention)
Tunica vaginalis not fully fused
3. What hormones are in charge of external genitalia development in the fetus? (in both male and female)
Wolffian; mullerian
DHT; estrogen
3
Tongue
4. Which branchial apparatus makes the external auditory meatus?
1st cleft/groove (Ectoderm)
Uretopelvis; most common site for obstruction (hydronephrosis) in fetus
Prosencephalon - mesencephalon - rhombencephalon
Where the epiblast and hypoblast fuse
5. Monochorionic - ___________ twins are conjoined
Endoderm - floor of primitive pharynx
Embryonic period; 1st trimester
Diencephalon
monoamniotic
6. What is an example of a syndrome that can cause abnormal neural crest migration and thus CV abnormalities?
Nutrient and gas exchange
DiGeorge
After; extrinsic
Occiptal
7. Which branchial derivative accounts for the posterior 2/3 of the tongue?
Scrotum; labia majora
3rd and 4th arches
Before getting pregnant!
Prevent recurrent UTIs
8. At what week does the fetus look like a baby?
Surface ectoderm
Hemorrhage - bone deformities
Week 8
Ventral bud
9. Which branchial derivative accounts for the sensation and taste in the posterior 2/3 of the tongue? how about the very back?
Endoderm
Ovarian ligament and round ligament of uterus; anchors testes within scrotum
Base of limbs in the zone of polarizing activity; ant - post
4th arch; 6th arch
10. What embryological structures give rise to the SVC?
OCPS and maternal diabetes
Oxygenated; placenta to fetus (IVC)
Right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein
Ectoderm; endoderm
11. What can vit A in excess cause in the fetus?
Tongue
Lots - cleft palate/lip
septum primum and/or secundum
Folate antagonists
12. Name two endocardial cushion defects.
External auditory meatus
Apical ectodermal ridge
Ebsteins anomaly; tricuspid atresia
arnold chiari associated with thoraclumbar myelomeningocele
13. Which branchial derivative accounts for taste in the ant 2/3?
Valproate acid
Branchial arch 2
4th week
All intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid; CN X (recurrent laryngeal nerve - speaking)
14. What are the two components of the fetal component of the placenta?
Thalidomide; nausea
Aminoglycosides
Cytotrophoblast and synctiotrophoblast
4th arch; 6th arch
15. During what months is the fetus most susceptible to teratogens? What trimester?
Embryonic period; 1st trimester
Neural crest cells
Week 3-8
Muscles and arteries
16. From what are the umbilical arteries and veins derived from?
Mesoderm
Allantois
Surface ectoderm
They are the edge of neural plate folding; all over the body
17. which teratogen can cause Ebsteins anomaly in the fetus?
Dorsal; faulty positioning of genital tubercle
Ebsteins anomaly; tricuspid atresia
Mesoderm
Lithium
18. How many umbilical arteries are there? How many umbilical veins?
Cleft lip/palate
Week 3; primitive streak formation from the epiblast makes the three layers
2; 1
Primitive ventricle
19. What artery is derived branchial (aortic) arch 3?
From the the lung; blood from SVC that went into RV gets shunted from pulm artery to aorta; ligamentum arteriosum
Common carotid and internal carotid
Turners; inferior
Failure to recanalize; 21
20. Which CN accounts for the anterior 2/3 of the tongues sensation and pain? how about taste?
V3; VII
Dorsal; faulty positioning of genital tubercle
Polyhydramnios
Before getting pregnant!
21. From What embryonic layer is the bladder and urethra from?
Embryonic period; 1st trimester
Bulbourethral glands (of Cowper) and Prostate gland; greater vestibular glands (of Bartholin) and Urethral and paraurethral glands (of Skene)
Mesoderm
Ovarian ligament and round ligament of uterus; anchors testes within scrotum
22. From What embryonic layer do the ependymal cells arise?
T neuroectoderm
Ectoderm; endoderm
Neuroectoderm
SRY gene on Y chromosomes; sertoli and leydi; MIF and androgens; suppression of paramesonephric ducts and dev. of mesonephric (all respectively)
23. From What embryonic layer are the dorsal root and celiac ganglion from?
Neural crest cells
Aberrant development of 3rd and 4th pouches; t cell def (thymic aplasia) - hypocalcemia (failure of parathyroid development) - CF and CV defects
Hemorrhage - bone deformities
Deformation
24. What do the arches of the branchial apparatus correlate to?
StyloPharyngeus
Rhombencephalon
No organ in each; agenesis no primordial tissue
Mesdoerm
25. Where is erythropoeisis in the weeks 3-8 of fetal development? Where does it occur after that? until when?
Week 3; primitive streak formation from the epiblast makes the three layers
Fluid filled syrinx causes expansion and degeneration of cord tracts
When left to right shunting switching to right to left shunting
Yolk sac; liver (weeks 6-30) and spleen (9-28 weeks)
26. What is congenital pharyngocutaneous fistula? and How does it occur?
Persistence of 3rd cleft (groove) and pouch causes fistula between tonsillar area and cleft in lateral neck
Valproate acid
Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation in upper extremities with preservation of touch sensation
Vascular accident intra uterine; apple peel atresia
27. Where does the blastocyst implant in the uterus? During what phase of the menstrual cycle?
Foramen cecum and terminal sulus
Post. sup wall; luteal phase
Telencephalon
Ampulla
28. What causes a vesicourachal diverticulum? What is it?
Neural crest cells
Absent cerebellar vermis; cystic enlargement of 4th ventricle
Fetal and maternal
Failure of the urachus to obliterate; outpouching of the bladder
29. What is the most common subtype of tracheoesophageal fistula? name some symptoms (hint: O2 levels - feeding - stomach on CXR - - amnios? - NG tube? - respiratory infection? )
Hypertrophy of muscularis externis of pylorus; surgical incision
Blind upper esophagus with lower esophagus connected to trachea; cyanosis - choking and vomiting with feeding; air bubble on CXR; polyhydramnios; failure to pass NG tube; pneumonitis
Endoderm - floor of primitive pharynx
monoamniotic
30. Which CN allows for taste and sensation in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue? how about the very back ?
Deoxygenated blood; fetal internal iliac arteries to placenta
IX; X
Nutrient and gas exchange
Apical ectodermal ridge; limb lengthening; stimulates mitosis of underlying mesoderm
31. What does the RET gene encode? what neoplasias is it associated with?
Neural crest development; MEN 2A (pheo - PTH tumor - parafollicular cell tumor)
is no longer intact
Telencephalon
No more umbilical circulation emptying into RA
32. what drug is used to help close a PDA? what else does this drug treat?
Yolk sac; 3rd week
Indomethacin; blocks PG production
Nutrient and gas for exchange; endometrium
Oxygenated; placenta to fetus (IVC)
33. What does the mullerian duct develop into? wollffian?
Amniotic epithelium
Oxygenated; placenta to fetus (IVC)
Fallopian tube - uterus - upper 1/3 of vagina
Week 4
34. is epispadias or hypospadias associated with exstrophy of the bladder?
Week 8
Arnold chiari; syringomyelia
Umbilical - midgut herniates through umbilical ring; SMA
Epispadias
35. From What embryonic layer does the oligodendrocytes arise?
Physiologic incomplete muscular ventricular septum
Neuroectoderm
Bones - cartilage - and nerves
Neural crest cells
36. From what region of the brain does the lateral ventricles and the 3rd ventricle form?
They are the edge of neural plate folding; all over the body
Prosencephalon
Glans penis and corpus cavernosum and spongiosum; glans clitoris and vestibular bulbs
Thyroid - cricoid - arytenoids - corniculate cuneiform
37. Which branchial derivative creates the middle ear cavity - eustachian tube and mastoid air cells?
Endoderm
First branchial pouch
Synctiotrophoblast
Fetal alcohol syndrome; mental retardation
38. failure to close of what fold results in sternal defects? omphalocele? gastrochisis? bladder extrosphy?
Neural crest cells
Wolffian; mullerian
Rostral fold closure ; lateral fold closure; lateral fold closure; caudal fold closure
Increase in oxygen concentration which decreases prostaglandin concentration
39. What secretes hCG?
Polyhydramnios
Upper 1/3; urogenital sinus
Synctiotrophoblast
Partial closure of vitelline duct so that the patent portion is attached to ileum; ectopic gastric mucosa; melena and periumbilical pain
40. What is germinal matrix hemorrhage associated with?
Common carotid and internal carotid
Respiratory distress syndrome
secondary palate
Prosencephalon - mesencephalon - rhombencephalon
41. From What embryonic layer does the gut tube derivatives arise (lungs liver - pancreas - parathryroid - thyroid follicular cells - thymus)?
1st
From endocardial cushions (ventral and dorsal meet each other)
Endoderm
Primitive ventricle
42. What components do the mesoderm of the branchial arches give rise to?
4th arch; 6th arch
1st
Ventral bud
Muscles and arteries
43. From what aortic arch does the common carotid artery arise? what else arises from this arch?
pyloric stenosis
3rd; proximal part of the internal carotid artery
Apical ectodermal ridge
Mental retardation - holoprosencephaly - facial features - fistulas
44. What day is the amnion formed?
Apical ectodermal ridge; limb lengthening; stimulates mitosis of underlying mesoderm
Neuroectoderm
Week 3-8
8
45. Name a syndrome cleft palate is often seen in
Epispadias
20-50yrs - Abdominal pain - Postprandial fullness - Nausea - Peptic ulcers - Pancreatitis - Rarely - biliary obstruction
DiGeorge
3 -4 -6
46. WithIn what week does gastrulation occur? What is gastrulation?
Week 3; primitive streak formation from the epiblast makes the three layers
3rd pouch
Day 6; with implantation
DES
47. What does the maternal component of the placenta provide? Where is it derived from?
Ebsteins anomaly; tricuspid atresia
Nutrient and gas for exchange; endometrium
Maxillary and medial nasal processes
Incomplete; yes
48. Weeks _______ erythropoiesis takes place in the liver
6-30
Spinothalamic first
Mesoderm
Skewed development of AP septum
49. What is the most common autopsy finding in brains of premature infants?
Bulbourethral glands (of Cowper) and Prostate gland; greater vestibular glands (of Bartholin) and Urethral and paraurethral glands (of Skene)
2nd pouch
Germinal matrix hemorrhage
Neural plate; closes by week 4
50. In what chromosomal disorder is horseshoe kidney commonly seen? what poles of the kidneys fuse?
Where the epiblast and hypoblast fuse
Turners; inferior
Neuroectoderm
Oxygenated; placenta to fetus (IVC)
Sorry!:) No result found.
Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?
Let me suggest you:
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests
Major Subjects
Tests & Exams
AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT
Certifications
CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/
PMP
ITIL
RHCE
MCTS
More...
IT Skills
Android Programming
Data Modeling
Objective C Programming
Basic Python Programming
Adobe Illustrator
More...
Business Skills
Advertising Techniques
Business Accounting Basics
Business Strategy
Human Resource Management
Marketing Basics
More...
Soft Skills
Body Language
People Skills
Public Speaking
Persuasion
Job Hunting And Resumes
More...
Vocabulary
GRE Vocab
SAT Vocab
TOEFL Essential Vocab
Basic English Words For All
Global Words You Should Know
Business English
More...
Languages
AP German Vocab
AP Latin Vocab
SAT Subject Test: French
Italian Survival
Norwegian Survival
More...
Engineering
Audio Engineering
Computer Science Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Structural Engineering
More...
Health Sciences
Basic Nursing Skills
Health Science Language Fundamentals
Veterinary Technology Medical Language
Cardiology
Clinical Surgery
More...
English
Grammar Fundamentals
Literary And Rhetorical Vocab
Elements Of Style Vocab
Introduction To English Major
Complete Advanced Sentences
Literature
Homonyms
More...
Math
Algebra Formulas
Basic Arithmetic: Measurements
Metric Conversions
Geometric Properties
Important Math Facts
Number Sense Vocab
Business Math
More...
Other Major Subjects
Science
Economics
History
Law
Performing-arts
Cooking
Logic & Reasoning
Trivia
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests