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USMLE Pathophys

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. I- cell disease
5 alpha reductase deficiency
failure of endodermal development
21 hydroxylase deficiency
deficiency of mannose phosphorylation

2. Neurofibromatosis
paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
Galactocerebrosidase deficiency
lisch nodules
G cells

3. Papillary CA of thyroid - meningioma - mesothelioma - serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary
tumor composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts
psammoma bodies
S cells
corneal clouding & MR

4. Naloxone/naltrexone
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia
enzyme used to conjugate bilirubin
SE: facial flushing
opioids antidote

5. Damaged in Guillian Barre
schwann cells
What thyroid pathology has an extremely tender thyroid gland
mildly decreased UDPGT
crinkled paper cytoplasm

6. Closes K+ channel on B cells causing depolarization and thus calcium influx which causes insulin release
sulfonylureas MofA
precursor to GABA
follicular
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia

7. SCID
child with eczema - coarse facial features - cold abscesses
abruptio placentae
master clock for circadian rhythms
corneal clouding & MR

8. Kawasaki (treat with high dose aspirin)
thyroid cancer associtated with RET oncogene
astrocytes
strawberry tongue
Where does the spinothalamic decussate?

9. Cowdry type A inclusions
TZD (glitazones) MofA
intranuclear inclusions seen in herpes simplex encephalitis
brain tumor a/w von hipple - linadu syndrome
locus ceruleus

10. Dissociative
increased MCHC and hemolytic anemia
what checkpoint is p53 involved with?
may lead to multiple personalities
BCG PQRS

11. Posterior communicating - posterior cerebral - anterior choroidal arteries
21 hydroxylase deficiency
blood supply for thalamus
MofA of N- aceylcysteine
alpha 1 anti - trypsin

12. Cell type involved in most ovarian tumors
epithelial
Galactocerebrosidase deficiency
treatment for SIADH
sphingomyelinase deficiency

13. Hurlers
alpha L iduronidase
sulfonylureas side effect
copper - arsenic - gold antidote
vasculitis a/w Hep B

14. Prazosin
What anti - hypertensive drug has the side effect of first dose orthostatic hypotension
schwann cells
protease inhibitors MofA
thromboxane A2

15. Decreased potency - increased Km
dose response curve change with competitive antagonist
opioid withdrawal
Schiller Duval bodies
BCG PQRS

16. Fabry's & Hunters
dose response curve change with competitive antagonist
x- linked recessive lysosomal storage diseases
vasculitis of infants and children - involving coronary arteries
brain tumor with fried egg appearance

17. Makes oxytocin
paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
sulfonylureas MofA
lead antidote
pt has extended expiratory phase

18. Dopamine
oligodendrioglia
MPTP exposure causes depletion of what NT?
UMN signs
schwann cells

19. Fibroadenoma
most common breast tumor in women under 25
Conn's syndrome
P450 Inhibitors
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla

20. Bruton's agammaglobulinemia
defective tyrosine kinase
lisch nodules
17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency
cause of low pH vaginal discharge

21. Oculomotor
may lead to multiple personalities
Where does the spinothalamic decussate?
bocks PRPP synthetase to block purine synthesis
which nerve lifts the eyelid?

22. Medulloblastoma
What anti - hypertensive drug has the side effect of first dose orthostatic hypotension
Lateral geniculate nucleus
homer wright rosettes
treatment of malignant hyperthermia

23. Bromocriptine
most common gyno malignancy
what inhibits prolactin secretion
What thyroid pathology has an extremely tender thyroid gland
midshaft break of humerus

24. D cells of pancreas and gut
spike and dome on microscope
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency
what cells secrete somatostatin
opioid withdrawal

25. Legionella
astrocytes
silver stain of gram negative rods
dermatin sulfate accumulation
brain tumor with fried egg appearance

26. Oligodendoglia
GM2 ganglioside accumulation
silver stain of gram negative rods
myelinates multiple CNS axons
UMN signs

27. Fabry's
increased MCHC and hemolytic anemia
PGI2 (prostacyclin))
lysosomal storage disease a/w renal disease
heparin antidote

28. Achondroplasia
Bisphosphonates MofA
neutrophils fail to respond to chemotaxic stimuli
brain tumor with fried egg appearance
FGFR3 mutation

29. Pneumonia - URIs - STDS
macrolides use (PUS)
ovarian tumor that resembles bladder epithelium
SE: elevated LFTS - myositis
supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus

30. Medulla
tumor composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts
VA/VL
Where does the dorsal column decussate?
sclerosing adenosis

31. Cavernous hemangiomas in skin - mucosa & organs; autosomal dominant - a/w renal CA - hemangioblastoma in retina - brainstem & cerebellum
x- linked recessive lysosomal storage diseases
pacinian
heparin antidote
von Hippel Lindau disease

32. Panacinar
GABA - glutamine
alpha 1 anti - trypsin
etanercept
GFAP positive

33. Causes vasoconstriction (use for acute migraines)
lysosomal storage disease a/w renal disease
chromosome 4
sumatriptan
astrocytes

34. Inhibits osteoclastic activity
What hormones share a common alpha subunit
pseudopalisading necrosis
Bisphosphonates MofA
best effect of triglycerides/VLDL

35. Decreases conversion
branching rods on oral infection
t - PA - streptokinase antidote
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose
PTU

36. Yolk sac
antibiotic with SE of eosinophilia
melanoma tumor marker
most common testicular tumor in infants and children up to 3 years of age
thayer martin media

37. H. Influenza
hallmark sign of COPD
best effect on HDL
hydrocele
gram + bacteria that requires NAD and hemin for growth

38. Flumazenil
benzos antidote
what nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?
subluxation of lens
What anti - hypertensive drug has the side effect of first dose orthostatic hypotension

39. CCK
anti - platelet antibodies
I cells
brain tumor with fried egg appearance
crinkled paper cytoplasm

40. Fibrates
best effect of triglycerides/VLDL
master clock for circadian rhythms
hemosiderinurea + thrombosis
t - PA - streptokinase antidote

41. TNF receptor
etanercept
vasculitis of infants and children - involving coronary arteries
What hormones share a common alpha subunit
most common testicular tumor in infants and children up to 3 years of age

42. Tay Sachs
GM2 ganglioside accumulation
brain tumor with perivascular pseudorosettes
precursor to GABA
follicular

43. Centriacinar
oligohydramnios
placenta previa
mitral valve prolapse - liver diseae - berry aneurysm
smoking emphysema

44. Measles
Shigella
What causes coronary vasospasm as a SE?
tumor with call - exner bodies
cough - conjunctivitis - coryza - fever

45. Kawasaki
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla
vasculitis of infants and children - involving coronary arteries
deficiency of mannose phosphorylation
3 tumors of MEN 1

46. Autosomal dominant
psammoma bodies
metformin side effect
inheritance pattern for all MENs
beta glucocerebrosidase

47. Invasive ductal CA
most common lysosomal storage disease
most common breast mass in postmenopausal women
defective tyrosine kinase
BCG PQRS

48. Combo of inhaled anesthetics & succinylcholine
von Hippel Lindau disease
most common protozoal infection in US
mitral valve prolapse - liver diseae - berry aneurysm
cause of malignant hyperthermia

49. Niemann Pick
erythema nodosum
SE: elevated LFTS - myositis
best effect on HDL
sphingomyelinase deficiency

50. Depolymerizes microtubules - impairing leukocyte chemotaxis and degranulation
pt has extended expiratory phase
colchicine
brain tumor with foamy cells and high vascularity
Aschoff bodies