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USMLE Pathophys

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Dimercaprol
lead antidote
alpha L iduronidase
follicular
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy

2. PPAR- gamma receptor agonist - which causes improved target cell response to insulin
SE: facial flushing
leydig cell tumor
what checkpoint is p53 involved with?
TZD (glitazones) MofA

3. Trigeminal
Shigella
most common breast tumor in women under 25
LTB4
what nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

4. Macrophages of the CNS
dose response curve with noncompetitive antagonist
Schiller Duval bodies
corneal clouding & MR
microglia

5. Yolk sac
most common testicular tumor in infants and children up to 3 years of age
D cells
cause of high pH vaginal discharge
first line for cardiogenic shock

6. Neutrophil chemotactic agent 'neutrophils arrive B4 others'
branching rods on oral infection
hallmark sign of COPD
subluxation of lens
LTB4

7. PNH
hippocampus
hemosiderinurea and thrombosis
smoking emphysema
Shigella

8. Oligodendrogila
MofA of N- aceylcysteine
cells destroyed in MS
Lateral geniculate nucleus
whats the V/Q at the base of the lung

9. Sulfonamides - hydralazine - isonazid - procainamide - phenytoin
rabies
looks like fried eggs under histologic staining
Lewy bodies composition
drug induced lupus

10. ADPKD
mitral valve prolapse - liver diseae - berry aneurysm
drug that blocks purine synthesis and is metabolized by xanthine oxidase
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
whats the V/Q at the apex of the lung

11. Membranoproliferative GN
tram - track on microscope
silver stain of gram negative rods
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia
lysosomal storage disease a/w renal disease

12. Increases platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
thromboxane A2
schwann cells
Abciximab
ovarian tumor with elevate hCG

13. Centriacinar
smoking emphysema
brain tumor with perivascular pseudorosettes
most common breast cancer
H. flu

14. HTN; XY will be a girl - XX will lack secondary sex char.
cause of LH surge
17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency
cause of high pH vaginal discharge
anti - epithelial antibodies

15. Papillary CA of thyroid
meissners
opioid withdrawal
optically clear nuclei (orphan annie)
smoking emphysema

16. Measles
enzyme used to conjugate bilirubin
cough - conjunctivitis - coryza - fever
ependymal cells
erythema nodosum

17. Sulfonamides - Isonizid - Cimetidine - Ketoconazole - Erythromyicn - grapefruit juice - protease inhibitors
testicular tumor that can present with gynecomastia
TZD (glitazones) MofA
SICK PEG
alpha 1 anti - trypsin

18. Dantrolene (prevents release of calcium from SR of muscle)
treatment of malignant hyperthermia
locus ceruleus
S cells
deficiency of mannose phosphorylation

19. NE
most common first line agent for septic shock
preeclampsia
SE: torsades de pointes
P450 Inhibitors

20. Anxiety - insomnia - sweating - dilated pupils - piloerection - rhinorrhea
MofA of N- aceylcysteine
Aschoff bodies
strawberry tongue
opioid withdrawal

21. H. Influenza
3 tumors of MEN 1
microglia
gram + bacteria that requires NAD and hemin for growth
Schiller Duval bodies

22. A few levels above the level of entry
hydatidiform mole with crazy high hCG
SE: torsades de pointes
contains ovarian vessels
Where does the spinothalamic decussate?

23. Cocain and sumatriptan
LTB4
placenta previa
What causes coronary vasospasm as a SE?
epithelial

24. Job's or LAD
Abciximab
neutrophils fail to respond to chemotaxic stimuli
von Hippel Lindau disease
copper - arsenic - gold antidote

25. Motor innervation of pharynx - larynx and upper esophagus
ambiguous nucleus
etanercept
raphe nucleus
sturge weber syndrome

26. A/w esophageal/duodenal atresia and anencephaly
benzos antidote
Shigella
absent UTPGT
polyhydramnios

27. Oligodendroglia
looks like fried eggs under histologic staining
tumor composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
increased MCHC and hemolytic anemia

28. Panacinar
cause of high pH vaginal discharge
propylthiouracil side effects
alpha 1 anti - trypsin
intranuclear inclusions seen in herpes simplex encephalitis

29. Decreased follicles & estrogen with increased FSH & LH
What are the hormone changes seen in menopause
D cells
smoking emphysema
GFAP positive

30. Deficiency of aldosterone and cortisol

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31. Decreased potency - increased Km
most common breast tumor in women under 25
child with partial albinism - peripherial neuropathy - recurrent infections
dose response curve change with competitive antagonist
sarcoma botyroides

32. Brenners tumor
ovarian tumor that resembles bladder epithelium
colchicine
3 tumors of MEN 1
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy

33. Makes oxytocin
BCG PQRS
paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
kawasaki
antibody against philadelphia chromosome

34. Increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
sclerosing adenosis
what nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?
17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency
kawasaki

35. Oligosaccaride hydrolase
sphingomyelinase deficiency
rate limiting step in carb digestion
Where does the lateral corticospinal decussate?
failure of endodermal development

36. Chronic gout. inhibits reabsorbtion of uric acid in PCT
S cells
vasculitis a/w Hep B
BCG PQRS
probenecid

37. Cells of BBB
astrocytes
dermatin sulfate accumulation
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
treatment of malignant hyperthermia

38. Actinomyces
sulfonylureas MofA
branching rods on oral infection
form multinucleated giant cells in the CNS when infected with HIV
Bisphosphonates MofA

39. Polyarteritis nodosa
supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus
most common arrthymia
hep B seropositivity in 30% of patients
tumor with call - exner bodies

40. Thryroxine replacement
silver stain of gram negative rods
hippocampus
midshaft break of humerus
MofA Levothyroxine

41. Schwann cells
most common lysosomal storage disease
LMN signs
currant jelly stool
myelinates on PNS

42. Gauchers
thayer martin media
Bisphosphonates MofA
beta glucocerebrosidase
ambiguous nucleus

43. Achondroplasia
sphingomyelinase deficiency
FGFR3 mutation
LTB4
drug that blocks purine synthesis and is metabolized by xanthine oxidase

44. Clopidogrel - ticoplidine
pigmented iris hamartomas - neural tumors
crinkled paper cytoplasm
blocks ADP receptors to inhibit platelet aggregation
P450 Inhibitors

45. Estrogen
antibody against philadelphia chromosome
schwann cells
anti - mitochondrial antibodies
cause of increased myometrial excitability

46. Closes K+ channel on B cells causing depolarization and thus calcium influx which causes insulin release
blood supply for thalamus
ventral posterior nucleus - medial part
thymidylate synthase
sulfonylureas MofA

47. Cause release of preformed insulin
child with partial albinism - peripherial neuropathy - recurrent infections
tumor composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts
sulfonylureas
ovarian tumor with elevate hCG

48. Hereditary spherocytosis
increased MCHC and hemolytic anemia
astrocytes
What causes coronary vasospasm as a SE?
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy

49. NF 1
locus ceruleus
pigmented iris hamartomas - neural tumors
placenta previa
VA/VL

50. Invasive ductal CA
most common breast mass in postmenopausal women
chief cells
looks like fried eggs under histologic staining
infliximab