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USMLE Pathophys

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 2 sperm + empty egg (no fetal parts)
hep B seropositivity in 30% of patients
complete mole components
infliximab
5 alpha reductase deficiency

2. Fibroadenoma
most common breast tumor in women under 25
what nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?
most common breast cancer
G cells

3. Autosomal dominant
inheritance pattern for all MENs
currant jelly stool
t - PA - streptokinase antidote
oligohydramnios

4. Norepinephrine
locus ceruleus
adenomyosis
What artery causes locked in syndrome
lysosomal storage disease a/w renal disease

5. Actinomyces
drug that blocks purine synthesis and is metabolized by xanthine oxidase
branching rods on oral infection
What artery causes locked in syndrome
Shigella

6. Choriocarcinoma or dysgerminoma
P450 Inhibitors
ovarian tumor with elevate hCG
most common lysosomal storage disease
order of nerve blockade

7. Oligodendrogila
cells destroyed in MS
chief cells
What artery causes locked in syndrome
adenomyosis

8. ADPKD
Schiller Duval bodies
kluver bucy
most common testicular tumor
mitral valve prolapse - liver diseae - berry aneurysm

9. Bilateral renal agenesis or posterior urethral valves in males
Conn's syndrome
oligohydramnios
plenta accreta
supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus

10. Weakness - atrophy - fasiculations - decreased reflexes & tone
sulfonylureas
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
LMN signs
strawberry tongue

11. Damaged in multiple sclerosis
oligodendrioglia
LT C4 D4 E4
midshaft break of humerus
astrocytes

12. A few levels above the level of entry
ventral posterior nucleus - medial part
plenta accreta
Where does the spinothalamic decussate?
child with partial albinism - peripherial neuropathy - recurrent infections

13. Fibrates/statins
pt has extended expiratory phase
SE: elevated LFTS - myositis
probenecid
barbituates withdrawal

14. Ethosuximide
cause of malignant hyperthermia
BCG PQRS
most common breast mass in postmenopausal women
first line for absence seizures

15. Seborric keratosis
keratin filled cysts
FGFR3 mutation
locus ceruleus
SICK PEG

16. Metachromatic leukodystrophy
lysosomal storage disease - demyelinating disease
PGI2 (prostacyclin))
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla
von Hippel Lindau disease

17. Estrogen (causes precocious puberty)
polyhydramnios
tumor composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts
looks like fried eggs under histologic staining
granulosa cell tumor secretes what?

18. Increases platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
5 alpha reductase deficiency
anti - epithelial antibodies
chief cells
thromboxane A2

19. Memory
PGI2 (prostacyclin))
most common testicular tumor in infants and children up to 3 years of age
hippocampus
x- linked recessive lysosomal storage diseases

20. Suspensory ligament of ovaries
rabies
blood supply for thalamus
contains ovarian vessels
form multinucleated giant cells in the CNS when infected with HIV

21. HTN; masculinization
most common breast tumor in women under 25
hemosiderinurea and thrombosis
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency
macrolides use (PUS)

22. Schwann cells
myelinates on PNS
blocks ADP receptors to inhibit platelet aggregation
brain tumor with foamy cells and high vascularity
drug induced lupus

23. Pacinian
glycine
S cells
resembles an onion in cross section
cause of high pH vaginal discharge

24. Staph epidermidis - staph sapro
inheritance pattern for all MENs
catalase positive coagulase negative
benzos antidote
anti - epithelial antibodies

25. 6- mecaptopurine (metabolized by xanthine oxidase)
What oncogene is a/w MEN 2a/b
3 tumors of MEN 2a
Shigella
bocks PRPP synthetase to block purine synthesis

26. Inhibits osteoclastic activity
most common bacteria in GI tract
brain tumor with foamy cells and high vascularity
Bisphosphonates MofA
contains ovarian vessels

27. Negri bodies
barbituates withdrawal
antibody against philadelphia chromosome
rabies
PGI2 (prostacyclin))

28. Benign - contains Reinke crystals - usually androgen producing
leydig cell tumor
honey crusted lesions common around nose/lips
opioids antidote
branching rods on oral infection

29. Makes ADH
drug induced lupus
supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus
What artery causes locked in syndrome
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla

30. Tay SaX
chromosome 4
hydrocele
rabies
heXosaminidase

31. Niacins
best effect on HDL
most common first line agent for septic shock
dose response curve change with competitive antagonist
benzos antidote

32. Decreased follicles & estrogen with increased FSH & LH
What are the hormone changes seen in menopause
chromosome 4
psammoma bodies
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose

33. Medulla
Where does the lateral corticospinal decussate?
lysosomal storage disease a/w renal disease
corneal clouding & MR
follicular

34. Oligodendoglia
myelinates multiple CNS axons
rate limiting step in carb digestion
brain tumor with fried egg appearance
lysosomal storage disease - demyelinating disease

35. 2 sperm + 1 egg (fetal parts present)
cause of malignant hyperthermia
partial mole components
thyroid cancer associtated with RET oncogene
Where does the spinothalamic decussate?

36. Anxiety - seizures - delirium - life threatening CV collapse
deficiency of mannose phosphorylation
glycine
beta glucocerebrosidase
barbituates withdrawal

37. SCID
child with eczema - coarse facial features - cold abscesses
cause of malignant hyperthermia
failure of endodermal development
D cells

38. Measles
ambiguous nucleus
may lead to multiple personalities
lead antidote
cough - conjunctivitis - coryza - fever

39. Sotalol - quinidine - cisapride
hemosiderinurea + thrombosis
SE: torsades de pointes
drug that blocks purine synthesis and is metabolized by xanthine oxidase
gram + bacteria that requires NAD and hemin for growth

40. Normal or candida
cause of low pH vaginal discharge
most common breast mass in postmenopausal women
whats the V/Q at the apex of the lung
colchicine

41. Bind viral gp41 subunit
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia
sturge weber syndrome
subluxation of lens
fusion inhibitors

42. Barbituates - carbamazapine - griseofulvin - phenytoin - quinidine - rifampin - St. John's wort
metformin side effect
psammoma bodies
BCG PQRS
UMN signs

43. Motor innervation of pharynx - larynx and upper esophagus
lead antidote
ambiguous nucleus
UMN signs
palisading nuclei - locally invasive

44. Hemolysis - elevated LFTs - Low Platelets
mildly decreased UDPGT
microglia
HELLP syndrome
treatment for SIADH

45. NE
3 tumors of MEN 2b
locus ceruleus
sulfonylureas MofA
basal nucleus of Meynert

46. Seminoma
pseudopalisading necrosis
lysosomal storage disease - demyelinating disease
most common testicular tumor
brain tumor a/w von hipple - linadu syndrome

47. Causes vasoconstriction (use for acute migraines)
myelinates on PNS
vasculitis of infants and children - involving coronary arteries
sumatriptan
increased MCHC and hemolytic anemia

48. Yolk sac tumor
Schiller Duval bodies
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose
floppy mitral valve dissecting aortic aneurysm - berry aneurysm
spike and dome on microscope

49. Primary hyperaldosteronism (HTN - hypokalemia - metabolic alkalosis)

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50. Endometrial glands inside myometrium
found in hairless skin
BCG PQRS
UMN signs
adenomyosis