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USMLE Pathophys

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Microglia
kluver bucy
whats the V/Q at the base of the lung
thromboxane A2
form multinucleated giant cells in the CNS when infected with HIV

2. Makes oxytocin
G cells
paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
testicular tumor that can present with gynecomastia
anti - mitochondrial antibodies

3. Primary biliary cirrhosis
treatment of malignant hyperthermia
anti - mitochondrial antibodies
whats the V/Q at the base of the lung
thromboxane A2

4. Pneumonia - URIs - STDS
barbituates withdrawal
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose
macrolides use (PUS)
copper - arsenic - gold antidote

5. Gauchers
blood supply for thalamus
most common lysosomal storage disease
treatment of malignant hyperthermia
thromboxane A2

6. Niacin
homer wright rosettes
What anti - hypertensive drug has the side effect of first dose orthostatic hypotension
SE: facial flushing
thayer martin media

7. Achondroplasia
FGFR3 mutation
precursor to GABA
hallmark sign of COPD
testicular tumor that can present with gynecomastia

8. Normal or candida
cancer associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis
master clock for circadian rhythms
cause of low pH vaginal discharge
supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus

9. Wiscott - Aldrich
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia
cause of malignant hyperthermia
sulfonylureas side effect
LT C4 D4 E4

10. Cocain and sumatriptan
hydrocele
most common bacteria in GI tract
What causes coronary vasospasm as a SE?
ambiguous nucleus

11. Vibration - pressure
What oncogene is a/w MEN 2a/b
antibiotic with SE of eosinophilia
antibody against philadelphia chromosome
pacinian

12. TSH - LH - FSH - hCG
pigmented iris hamartomas - neural tumors
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
palisading nuclei - locally invasive
What hormones share a common alpha subunit

13. Yolk sac
most common testicular tumor in infants and children up to 3 years of age
lysosomal storage disease a/w renal disease
meissners
SICK PEG

14. Hurlers
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
iduronidase sulfatase
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla
alpha L iduronidase

15. Medullary thyroid - pheochromocytoma - parathryoid
lysosomal storage disease - demyelinating disease
melanoma tumor marker
granulosa cell tumor secretes what?
3 tumors of MEN 2a

16. Leydig cell tumor
most common lysosomal storage disease
PGI2 (prostacyclin))
testicular tumor that can present with gynecomastia
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla

17. Antitoxin - penicillin - DPT vaccine
alpha 1 anti - trypsin
dermatin sulfate accumulation
diphtheria treatment
3 tumors of MEN 1

18. Actinomyces
branching rods on oral infection
dose response curve change with competitive antagonist
anti - epithelial antibodies
dorsal motor nucleus

19. SCID
child with eczema - coarse facial features - cold abscesses
sulfonylureas
cells destroyed in Guillain Barre
brain tumor a/w von hipple - linadu syndrome

20. Premature detachment of placenta - painful bleeding in 3rd trimester
intranuclear inclusions seen in herpes simplex encephalitis
abruptio placentae
honey crusted lesions common around nose/lips
best effect on HDL

21. Posterior communicating - posterior cerebral - anterior choroidal arteries
order of nerve blockade
bocks PRPP synthetase to block purine synthesis
ventral posterior nucleus - lateral part
blood supply for thalamus

22. Decreased follicles & estrogen with increased FSH & LH
Schiller Duval bodies
What are the hormone changes seen in menopause
I cells
what meds treat malaria

23. Sends autonomic fibers to heart
dorsal motor nucleus
leydig cell tumor
most common breast mass in postmenopausal women
currant jelly stool

24. Autosomal dominant
most common lysosomal storage disease
inheritance pattern for all MENs
child with partial albinism - peripherial neuropathy - recurrent infections
thyroid cancer associtated with RET oncogene

25. A few levels above the level of entry
lisch nodules
most common protozoal infection in US
Where does the spinothalamic decussate?
MofA Levothyroxine

26. Placenta attached to myometrium
What thyroid pathology has an extremely tender thyroid gland
brain tumor with fried egg appearance
plenta accreta
UMN signs

27. Oligodendrogila
cells destroyed in MS
most common arrthymia
PTU
dose response curve with noncompetitive antagonist

28. Decreases platelet aggregation - anti - pyretic and analgesic - high dose is anti - inflammatory
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose
currant jelly stool
most common breast cancer
Conn's syndrome

29. Increases platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
Lewy bodies composition
thromboxane A2
melanoma tumor marker
colchicine

30. Visceral sensory
solitarius nucleus
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
myelinates on PNS
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

31. Decreased potency - increased Km
dose response curve change with competitive antagonist
beta glucocerebrosidase
hydatidiform mole with crazy high hCG
Yolk sac tumor produces...

32. Hurlers
preeclampsia
hemosiderinurea + thrombosis
smoking emphysema
corneal clouding & MR

33. Damaged in multiple sclerosis
oligodendrioglia
dose response curve with noncompetitive antagonist
What thyroid pathology has an extremely tender thyroid gland
MofA of N- aceylcysteine

34. I- cell disease
chief cells
first line for absence seizures
increased MCHC and hemolytic anemia
deficiency of mannose phosphorylation

35. Cause release of preformed insulin
placenta previa
mildly decreased UDPGT
sulfonylureas
myelinates multiple CNS axons

36. Seborric keratosis
glycine
Aschoff bodies
keratin filled cysts
GM2 ganglioside accumulation

37. Dubin Johnson
grossly black liver
H. flu
myelinates on PNS
parietal cells

38. Visual (Lateral for Light)
hydrocele
anti - mitochondrial antibodies
Lateral geniculate nucleus
sarcoma botyroides

39. Estrogen
sulfonylureas side effect
catalase negative
cause of increased myometrial excitability
beta glucocerebrosidase

40. Dantrolene (prevents release of calcium from SR of muscle)
opioid withdrawal
treatment of malignant hyperthermia
most common arrthymia
drug that blocks purine synthesis and is metabolized by xanthine oxidase

41. Incomplete fusion of processus vaginalis
hydrocele
What are the hormone changes seen in menopause
anti - platelet antibodies
contains ovarian vessels

42. Combo of inhaled anesthetics & succinylcholine
VA/VL
cause of malignant hyperthermia
ovarian tumor that resembles bladder epithelium
ambiguous nucleus

43. Inhibits platelet aggregation - promotes vasodilation and decreases uterine tone
PGI2 (prostacyclin))
G cells
cause of increased myometrial excitability
benzos antidote

44. Cells of BBB
mildly decreased UDPGT
intranuclear inclusions seen in herpes simplex encephalitis
sulfonylureas MofA
astrocytes

45. Protamine sulfate
21 hydroxylase deficiency
heparin antidote
melanoma tumor marker
LTB4

46. Gastrin
best effect on HDL
t - PA - streptokinase antidote
melanoma tumor marker
G cells

47. Ret
hemosiderinurea and thrombosis
benzos antidote
What oncogene is a/w MEN 2a/b
placenta previa

48. Fibroadenoma
papillary thyroid cancer
child with partial albinism - peripherial neuropathy - recurrent infections
sulfonylureas
most common breast tumor in women under 25

49. Papillary CA of thyroid
sulfonylureas side effect
increased MCHC and hemolytic anemia
optically clear nuclei (orphan annie)
found in hairless skin

50. Aminocaproic acid
most common gyno malignancy
21 hydroxylase deficiency
t - PA - streptokinase antidote
most common breast tumor in women under 25