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USMLE Pathophys

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Dantrolene (prevents release of calcium from SR of muscle)
astrocytes
astrocytes
treatment of malignant hyperthermia
P450 Inhibitors

2. Oculomotor
which nerve lifts the eyelid?
anti - epithelial antibodies
follicular
most common breast mass in postmenopausal women

3. 0.6
sarcoma botyroides
cause of LH surge
cells destroyed in Guillain Barre
whats the V/Q at the base of the lung

4. Hairless skin - dynamic fine touch
most common breast cancer
hep B seropositivity in 30% of patients
meissners
hippocampus

5. Motor
palisading nuclei - locally invasive
most common arrthymia
VA/VL
copper - arsenic - gold antidote

6. Rhabdomyoma
Schiller Duval bodies
abruptio placentae
chief cells
most common primary cardiac tumor in kiddos

7. Fibrates
dermatin sulfate accumulation
fusion inhibitors
What are the hormone changes seen in menopause
best effect of triglycerides/VLDL

8. Medullary thyroid - pheochromocytoma - parathryoid
PGI2 (prostacyclin))
what inhibits prolactin secretion
alpha L iduronidase
3 tumors of MEN 2a

9. Second most common type of thyroid cancer
follicular
lewy body composition
intranuclear inclusions seen in herpes simplex encephalitis
adenomyosis

10. Flumazenil
benzos antidote
looks like fried eggs under histologic staining
sulfonylureas
ventral posterior nucleus - medial part

11. Pepsin
keratin filled cysts
metformin side effect
dose response curve with noncompetitive antagonist
chief cells

12. Seminoma
medial geniculate nucleus
most common gyno malignancy
most common testicular tumor
anti - platelet antibodies

13. Makes ADH
gram + bacteria that requires NAD and hemin for growth
HELLP syndrome
what checkpoint is p53 involved with?
supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus

14. Decreased follicles & estrogen with increased FSH & LH
raphe nucleus
lead antidote
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
What are the hormone changes seen in menopause

15. Amygdala
SICK PEG
failure of endodermal development
blood supply for thalamus
kluver bucy

16. Causes vasoconstriction (use for acute migraines)
sumatriptan
bocks PRPP synthetase to block purine synthesis
defective tyrosine kinase
hydatidiform mole with crazy high hCG

17. Centriacinar
smoking emphysema
currant jelly stool
defective tyrosine kinase
glycine

18. Inhibits viral assembly
PTU
protease inhibitors MofA
MPTP exposure causes depletion of what NT?
palisading nuclei - locally invasive

19. Kawasaki (treat with high dose aspirin)
locus ceruleus
sarcoma botyroides
sphingomyelinase deficiency
strawberry tongue

20. ADPKD
mitral valve prolapse - liver diseae - berry aneurysm
most common gyno malignancy
lewy body composition
catalase positive coagulase negative

21. Chloroquine and primaquine
what meds treat malaria
infliximab
testicular tumor that can present with gynecomastia
catalase positive coagulase negative

22. Alpha feto protein
hemosiderinurea and thrombosis
what nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?
Yolk sac tumor produces...
contains ovarian vessels

23. Fibrates/statins
opioid withdrawal
H. flu
SE: elevated LFTS - myositis
follicular

24. Inhibits platelet aggregation - promotes vasodilation and decreases uterine tone
precursor to GABA
PGI2 (prostacyclin))
most common bacteria in GI tract
lisch nodules

25. Gauchers
increased MCHC and hemolytic anemia
most common lysosomal storage disease
homer wright rosettes
tumor composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts

26. Fabrys
alpha galacosidase A
absent UTPGT
partial mole components
Shigella

27. Fibrocystic
master clock for circadian rhythms
myelinates multiple CNS axons
melanoma tumor marker
most common breast mass in pre - menopausal women

28. Vaginal carcinoma: spindle shaped tumor cells that are desmin positive
sarcoma botyroides
what meds treat malaria
microglia
medial geniculate nucleus

29. Leydig cell tumor
Bisphosphonates MofA
testicular tumor that can present with gynecomastia
best effect on HDL
Shigella

30. 5- fluorouracil
lead antidote
thymidylate synthase
GFAP positive
resembles an onion in cross section

31. Membranous GN
spike and dome on microscope
21 hydroxylase deficiency
sphingomyelinase deficiency
etanercept

32. Microglia
form multinucleated giant cells in the CNS when infected with HIV
sturge weber syndrome
antibody against philadelphia chromosome
anti - platelet antibodies

33. HTN; masculinization
mildly decreased UDPGT
sphingomyelinase deficiency
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency
Schiller Duval bodies

34. Dubin Johnson
brain tumor with perivascular pseudorosettes
pacinian
grossly black liver
epithelial

35. Damaged in Guillian Barre
grossly black liver
schwann cells
homer wright rosettes
palisading nuclei - locally invasive

36. Von Hippel Lindau
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla
most common first line agent for septic shock
opioid withdrawal
HELLP syndrome

37. Masculinization - hypovolemic shock
FGFR3 mutation
most common gyno malignancy
5 alpha reductase deficiency
21 hydroxylase deficiency

38. Ependymoma
tram - track on microscope
what cells secrete somatostatin
BCG PQRS
brain tumor with perivascular pseudorosettes

39. Gilberts
LTB4
mildly decreased UDPGT
most common arrthymia
erythema nodosum

40. Cells of BBB
most common arrthymia
21 hydroxylase deficiency
antibiotic with SE of eosinophilia
astrocytes

41. Oligodendroglia
probenecid
looks like fried eggs under histologic staining
brain tumor with fried egg appearance
locus ceruleus

42. Weakness - atrophy - fasiculations - decreased reflexes & tone
LMN signs
Where does the dorsal column decussate?
hydrocele
Where does the lateral corticospinal decussate?

43. Cant convert testosterone to DHT - ambiguous genitalia until puberty then penis at 12
homer wright rosettes
5 alpha reductase deficiency
chief cells
astrocytes

44. Small diameter > large diameter; myelinated > unmyelinated
copper - arsenic - gold antidote
order of nerve blockade
tram - track on microscope
honey crusted lesions common around nose/lips

45. Dissociative
medial geniculate nucleus
most common breast mass in postmenopausal women
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla
may lead to multiple personalities

46. Makes oxytocin
what inhibits prolactin secretion
preeclampsia
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus

47. Decreases platelet aggregation - anti - pyretic and analgesic - high dose is anti - inflammatory
probenecid
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose
macrolides use (PUS)
GABA - glutamine

48. Wiscott - Aldrich
What hormones share a common alpha subunit
PTU
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia
Aschoff bodies

49. H. Influenza
ependymal cells
most common breast tumor in women under 25
gram + bacteria that requires NAD and hemin for growth
S cells

50. Granulosa cell tumor
vasculitis of infants and children - involving coronary arteries
absent UTPGT
solitarius nucleus
tumor with call - exner bodies