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USMLE Pathophys

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. NF 1
currant jelly stool
VA/VL
pigmented iris hamartomas - neural tumors
pseudopalisading necrosis

2. Benign - contains Reinke crystals - usually androgen producing
ovarian tumor with elevate hCG
midshaft break of humerus
D cells
leydig cell tumor

3. Astrocytoma & glioblastoma multiforme
GFAP positive
sarcoma botyroides
most common first line agent for septic shock
What oncogene is a/w MEN 2a/b

4. Choriocarcinoma or dysgerminoma
drug induced lupus
etanercept
thymidylate synthase
ovarian tumor with elevate hCG

5. Medullary thyroid - pheochromocytoma - oral/intestinal ganglionueromatosis
ambiguous nucleus
Lewy bodies composition
smoking emphysema
3 tumors of MEN 2b

6. Invasive ductal
infliximab
Galactocerebrosidase deficiency
most common breast cancer
resembles an onion in cross section

7. Ovarian bengin tumor...looks like bladder
pacinian
brenner tumor
corneal clouding & MR
raphe nucleus

8. Cell type involved in most ovarian tumors
grossly black liver
thymidylate synthase
protease inhibitors MofA
epithelial

9. Dopamine
honey crusted lesions common around nose/lips
rate limiting step in carb digestion
What oncogene is a/w MEN 2a/b
MPTP exposure causes depletion of what NT?

10. Pacinian
most common breast cancer
polyhydramnios
resembles an onion in cross section
dorsal motor nucleus

11. Von Hippel Lindau
infliximab
parietal cells
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency

12. Schwann cells
mildly decreased UDPGT
most common breast cancer
strawberry tongue
cells destroyed in Guillain Barre

13. Achondroplasia
FGFR3 mutation
SE: torsades de pointes
resembles an onion in cross section
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency

14. Chediak - Higashi
child with partial albinism - peripherial neuropathy - recurrent infections
which nerve lifts the eyelid?
MPTP exposure causes depletion of what NT?
What thyroid pathology has an extremely tender thyroid gland

15. Damaged in multiple sclerosis
honey crusted lesions common around nose/lips
Where does the dorsal column decussate?
oligodendrioglia
3 tumors of MEN 2a

16. Negri bodies
rabies
t - PA - streptokinase antidote
etanercept
sphingomyelinase deficiency

17. Sends autonomic fibers to heart
most common breast tumor in women under 25
Aschoff bodies
dorsal motor nucleus
SE: elevated LFTS - myositis

18. Complete
SICK PEG
hydatidiform mole with crazy high hCG
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency
pacinian

19. Masculinization - hypovolemic shock
21 hydroxylase deficiency
best effect on HDL
plenta accreta
Where does the spinothalamic decussate?

20. Small diameter > large diameter; myelinated > unmyelinated
spike and dome on microscope
order of nerve blockade
FGFR3 mutation
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia

21. Increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
sclerosing adenosis
x- linked recessive lysosomal storage diseases
sulfonylureas
absent UTPGT

22. Wiscott - Aldrich
brenner tumor
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia
Where does the dorsal column decussate?
grossly black liver

23. Gauchers
floppy mitral valve dissecting aortic aneurysm - berry aneurysm
chief cells
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency
most common lysosomal storage disease

24. Closes K+ channel on B cells causing depolarization and thus calcium influx which causes insulin release
most common breast mass in postmenopausal women
drug that blocks purine synthesis and is metabolized by xanthine oxidase
sulfonylureas MofA
von Hippel Lindau disease

25. Anti - TNF antibody - use for RA but watch out for latent TB!
enzyme used to conjugate bilirubin
lewy body composition
ovarian tumor with psammoma bodies
infliximab

26. Depolymerizes microtubules - impairing leukocyte chemotaxis and degranulation
colchicine
alpha 1 anti - trypsin
child with partial albinism - peripherial neuropathy - recurrent infections
3 tumors of MEN 2b

27. Function as bronchoconstrictors - vasoconstrictors - sm mm contraction and increased vascular permability
LT C4 D4 E4
basal nucleus of Meynert
parietal cells
solitarius nucleus

28. Babinski - weakness - increased reflexes & tone - spastic paralysis
cause of high pH vaginal discharge
microglia
UMN signs
mildly decreased UDPGT

29. Brenners tumor
beta glucocerebrosidase
ovarian tumor that resembles bladder epithelium
which nerve lifts the eyelid?
diphtheria treatment

30. Homocystienuria - Marfans
3 tumors of MEN 2b
subluxation of lens
Conn's syndrome
crinkled paper cytoplasm

31. Radial nerve - deep brachial artery
hippocampus
optically clear nuclei (orphan annie)
abruptio placentae
midshaft break of humerus

32. Protamine sulfate
heparin antidote
preeclampsia
VA/VL
hydatidiform mole with crazy high hCG

33. Polyarteritis nodosa
cause of LH surge
vasculitis a/w Hep B
microglia
supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus

34. Body sensation
treatment of malignant hyperthermia
ventral posterior nucleus - lateral part
silver stain of gram negative rods
whats the V/Q at the base of the lung

35. TSH - LH - FSH - hCG
sulfonylureas
protease inhibitors MofA
anti - mitochondrial antibodies
What hormones share a common alpha subunit

36. Hurlers - Hunters
oligodendrioglia
dermatin sulfate accumulation
most common arrthymia
contains ovarian vessels

37. S-100
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla
melanoma tumor marker
thymidylate synthase
MPTP exposure causes depletion of what NT?

38. Choriocarcinoma
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla
order of nerve blockade
polyhydramnios
tumor composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts

39. Yolk sac
most common testicular tumor in infants and children up to 3 years of age
HELLP syndrome
UMN signs
kawasaki

40. Granulosa cell tumor
tumor with call - exner bodies
Lateral geniculate nucleus
what inhibits prolactin secretion
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy

41. Meissner
looks like fried eggs under histologic staining
lead antidote
found in hairless skin
precursor to GABA

42. Estrogen
order of nerve blockade
branching rods on oral infection
cause of LH surge
brain tumor with fried egg appearance

43. Support - repair - potassium metabolism - remove excess NT - maintain BBB - marker is GFAP
GM2 ganglioside accumulation
blocks ADP receptors to inhibit platelet aggregation
mildly decreased UDPGT
astrocytes

44. Dobutamine
lysosomal storage disease a/w renal disease
most common testicular tumor in infants and children up to 3 years of age
first line for cardiogenic shock
floppy mitral valve dissecting aortic aneurysm - berry aneurysm

45. Decreases platelet aggregation - anti - pyretic and analgesic - high dose is anti - inflammatory
pigmented iris hamartomas - neural tumors
most common breast tumor in women under 25
LT C4 D4 E4
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose

46. Vaginal carcinoma: spindle shaped tumor cells that are desmin positive
sarcoma botyroides
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
most common first line agent for septic shock
Bisphosphonates MofA

47. Estrogen (causes precocious puberty)
master clock for circadian rhythms
granulosa cell tumor secretes what?
sulfonylureas
What are the hormone changes seen in menopause

48. Oligodendoglia
intranuclear inclusions seen in herpes simplex encephalitis
alpha L iduronidase
TZD (glitazones) MofA
myelinates multiple CNS axons

49. Cocain and sumatriptan
What causes coronary vasospasm as a SE?
sarcoma botyroides
GM2 ganglioside accumulation
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency

50. Regenerates glutathione
basal nucleus of Meynert
grossly black liver
MofA of N- aceylcysteine
testicular tumor that can present with gynecomastia