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USMLE Pathophys

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Schwann cells
dermatin sulfate accumulation
cells destroyed in Guillain Barre
anti - platelet antibodies
What hormones share a common alpha subunit

2. Dantrolene (prevents release of calcium from SR of muscle)
locus ceruleus
placenta previa
treatment of malignant hyperthermia
von Hippel Lindau disease

3. Tay Sachs
GM2 ganglioside accumulation
most common lysosomal storage disease
heparin antidote
fusion inhibitors

4. TNF receptor
cancer associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia
von Hippel Lindau disease
etanercept

5. HTN - proteinuria - edema
lysosomal storage disease a/w renal disease
preeclampsia
etanercept
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla

6. 0.6
vasculitis of infants and children - involving coronary arteries
Where does the lateral corticospinal decussate?
whats the V/Q at the base of the lung
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose

7. A few levels above the level of entry
Where does the spinothalamic decussate?
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
tumor with call - exner bodies
contains ovarian vessels

8. Oligodendrogila
best effect of triglycerides/VLDL
cells destroyed in MS
copper - arsenic - gold antidote
spike and dome on microscope

9. Glutamate
hippocampus
precursor to GABA
cancer associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis
defective tyrosine kinase

10. Oligodendoglia
sturge weber syndrome
Conn's syndrome
failure of endodermal development
myelinates multiple CNS axons

11. Antitoxin - penicillin - DPT vaccine
anti - platelet antibodies
ventral posterior nucleus - lateral part
optically clear nuclei (orphan annie)
diphtheria treatment

12. Seminoma
best effect on HDL
propylthiouracil side effects
most common testicular tumor
most common bacteria in GI tract

13. Gastrin
heXosaminidase
hippocampus
G cells
most common first line agent for septic shock

14. Niacins
macrolides use (PUS)
dermatin sulfate accumulation
best effect on HDL
melanoma tumor marker

15. Parathyroid - pituitary - pancreatic
Schiller Duval bodies
What anti - hypertensive drug has the side effect of first dose orthostatic hypotension
HELLP syndrome
3 tumors of MEN 1

16. Makes oxytocin
brain tumor with foamy cells and high vascularity
paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
contains ovarian vessels
fusion inhibitors

17. Choriocarcinoma or dysgerminoma
MofA Levothyroxine
parietal cells
ovarian tumor with elevate hCG
pt has extended expiratory phase

18. Hemangioblastoma
brain tumor a/w von hipple - linadu syndrome
fusion inhibitors
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency
barbituates withdrawal

19. Alpha feto protein
keratin filled cysts
TZD (glitazones) MofA
palisading nuclei - locally invasive
Yolk sac tumor produces...

20. Hurlers
brenner tumor
alpha L iduronidase
heXosaminidase
opioid withdrawal

21. Decreased potency - increased Km
locus ceruleus
absent UTPGT
most common breast tumor in women under 25
dose response curve change with competitive antagonist

22. Dobutamine
SICK PEG
HELLP syndrome
GM2 ganglioside accumulation
first line for cardiogenic shock

23. Sotalol - quinidine - cisapride
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose
SE: torsades de pointes
Where does the dorsal column decussate?
gram + bacteria that requires NAD and hemin for growth

24. Motor innervation of pharynx - larynx and upper esophagus
ambiguous nucleus
What are the hormone changes seen in menopause
benzos antidote
What thyroid pathology has an extremely tender thyroid gland

25. Neurofibromatosis
lisch nodules
grossly black liver
cause of malignant hyperthermia
Lewy bodies composition

26. Fabrys
cancer arising from parafollicular C cells
precursor to GABA
alpha galacosidase A
cause of LH surge

27. Medulloblastoma
homer wright rosettes
SE: elevated LFTS - myositis
Where does the dorsal column decussate?
What hormones share a common alpha subunit

28. Estrogen (causes precocious puberty)
best effect on HDL
granulosa cell tumor secretes what?
honey crusted lesions common around nose/lips
P450 inducers

29. Port wine stains - ipsilateral leptomeningeal angioma; can cause glaucoma - seizures - hemipareis - and MR
cancer associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis
testicular tumor that can present with gynecomastia
most common protozoal infection in US
sturge weber syndrome

30. Ependymoma
brain tumor with perivascular pseudorosettes
cancer associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis
microglia
subluxation of lens

31. Primary hyperaldosteronism (HTN - hypokalemia - metabolic alkalosis)

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32. Prevents incorporation into host DNA
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Bisphosphonates MofA
brain tumor with fried egg appearance

33. Combo of inhaled anesthetics & succinylcholine
17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency
eczema/recurrent infections/thrombocytopenia
cause of malignant hyperthermia
metformin side effect

34. Body sensation
ventral posterior nucleus - lateral part
cough - conjunctivitis - coryza - fever
21 hydroxylase deficiency
hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla

35. Papillary CA of thyroid
macrolides use (PUS)
optically clear nuclei (orphan annie)
astrocytes
low dose ASA effects - intermediate dose - high dose

36. Basilar
floppy mitral valve dissecting aortic aneurysm - berry aneurysm
What artery causes locked in syndrome
optically clear nuclei (orphan annie)
Abciximab

37. Cavernous hemangiomas in skin - mucosa & organs; autosomal dominant - a/w renal CA - hemangioblastoma in retina - brainstem & cerebellum
PGI2 (prostacyclin))
von Hippel Lindau disease
bocks PRPP synthetase to block purine synthesis
myelinates on PNS

38. Chronic gout. inhibits reabsorbtion of uric acid in PCT
looks like fried eggs under histologic staining
LTB4
probenecid
form multinucleated giant cells in the CNS when infected with HIV

39. Decreased efficacy - decreased Vmax
hep B seropositivity in 30% of patients
cough - conjunctivitis - coryza - fever
dose response curve with noncompetitive antagonist
cancer arising from parafollicular C cells

40. Alpha synuclein
SICK PEG
PTU
lewy body composition
ovarian tumor with psammoma bodies

41. Macrolides
hallmark sign of COPD
pacinian
LTB4
antibiotic with SE of eosinophilia

42. Astrocytoma & glioblastoma multiforme
dose response curve with noncompetitive antagonist
inheritance pattern for all MENs
GFAP positive
metformin side effect

43. Protamine sulfate
silver stain of gram negative rods
first line for absence seizures
heparin antidote
MofA of N- aceylcysteine

44. Increased acini and intralobular fibrosis
locus ceruleus
FGFR3 mutation
sclerosing adenosis
sphingomyelinase deficiency

45. Pneumonia - URIs - STDS
macrolides use (PUS)
P450 inducers
SE: elevated LFTS - myositis
What anti - hypertensive drug has the side effect of first dose orthostatic hypotension

46. Dimercaprol
iduronidase sulfatase
lead antidote
catalase negative
dose response curve with noncompetitive antagonist

47. Norepinephrine
locus ceruleus
ovarian tumor with psammoma bodies
tumor composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts
GFAP positive

48. ACE inhibitors
iduronidase sulfatase
shown to slow progression of diabetic neuropathy
What hormones share a common alpha subunit
increased MCHC and hemolytic anemia

49. Flumazenil
MofA of N- aceylcysteine
optically clear nuclei (orphan annie)
benzos antidote
parietal cells

50. Memory
SE: facial flushing
papillary thyroid cancer
hippocampus
absent UTPGT