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World History China

Subject : history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Meaning 'barbarian -' this word showed China's belief that outsiders were evil - uncivilized or deserving of scorn.






2. The series of twenty books written by Confucius's students cataloguing his teachings; he himself never wrote any of his ideas down.






3. Areas in China dominated and funded by foreign - often European - countries. Technically - these were still under Chinese rule.






4. The escape of the Red Army in 1934 from the Nationalist effort to eliminate them. Over the course of a year - the army marched 6000 miles to Shaanxi and formed a base camp there.






5. The leader of the Chinese Communist Party - who went into hiding in the countryside in 1927 to attempt to resurrect an opposition to the Nationalists.






6. The required ritual performed in front of the emperor in which one would kneel three times and touch his head to the floor nine times.






7. The official appointed by the Chinese government Who was in charge of taxes and control of trade - with whom foreign traders were not permitted to speak.






8. 1835-1908 The Empress Dowager (widow) who controlled the Chinese empire through the reigning emperor. She sided with the fired officials to help end the Hundred Days Reform.






9. Efforts by the Empress Cixi to save the Qing Dynasty between 1901 and 1908 introducing a modern education system - a new system for civil service entrance - and a new army.






10. The single port that British and foreign traders could access before the Opium War.






11. The treaty ending the Opium war - which was heavily favored toward the British. The Chinese were to pay 21 million dollars - give the British Hong Kong and to extend trading rights to the British.






12. The peasant rebellion in the early 1850s led by Hong Xiuquan which supported an early form of communism. Though they were able to defeat the Qing empire - foreign countries suppressed the Taiping with their militaries.






13. The date that Chiang Kai-Shek and the Guomindang fled the mainland to form the ROC on the island of Taiwan.






14. The idea - very much consistent with Confucian ideals of dominance - that China's neighboring states were supposed to be subservient - and owed China tribute. Also - these states were to observe China as superior in culture - policy and economy.






15. In the summer of 1898 - this was an effort by Kang Youwei and the emperor to restructure Chinese society. Some of the reforms include the establishment of the University of Beijing - the modernization of curriculum in education - the establishment of






16. An extremely addicting drug now found in morphine which the British and other foreign traders brought to China to trade for Chinese goods - as the Chinese had little interest in European goods.






17. The perceived right to rule granted the emperor by supernatural powers - making him above the common people.






18. 1937-1945 After Japanese forces invaded China in July 1937 - the Nationalists and Communists united to fight them off - though neither invested as many men or as much equipment as they might - for they did not trust each other. The war ended with the






19. An alternative to Confucianism recommending activity in accord with nature with emphasis on little government intervention and and 'action of inaction.'






20. The idea - often in the 19th century - that a country should build up an empire. Ex. 'scramble for Africa'






21. The relationships of dominance in Confucianism: Emperor over official - father over son - husband over wife - and elder brothers over the younger. There was also the relationship between male friends which was NOT related to rank.






22. (573-621) The court regent who used Confucianism to justify the supremacy of the emperor and centralization of government in Japan. This led to greater following of Confucius within Japan.






23. A religion from India started by Prince Gautama based on the concept of freeing oneself from material possessions and clinging to life - and that man's suffering is an artifact of his own creation.






24. The Buddhist belief that people exist in a cycle of reincarnation - being reborn based on the quality of the life they had previously led. The ultimate goal of a Buddhist was to reach nirvana - a state of peacefulness - by ridding oneself of selfish






25. 'The Canon of the Way' was a book of poetry by Laozi - the old master - outlining the core principles of Daoism.






26. 'The Enlightened One' From the foothills of the Himalayas along the border of India and Nepal - contemplated the cause of misery and suffering - and through meditation - created Buddhism.






27. The September 1901 treaty ending the Boxer Rebellion requiring that China pay 330 million in indemnity - punishing the Chinese officials - and weakening the Chinese military.






28. The date that Mao Zedong declared victory over the Nationalists - instituting the People's Republic of China.






29. 1945-1949 Immediately after the War of Resistance ended - the Nationalists and Communists fought for control of China. Though the Nationalists appeared to have the upper hand - their support crumbled due to economic troubles and corruption. The Commu






30. The rival regional military leaders who fought for control of China between 1916 and 1919.






31. Born in 551 BCE - Confucius was a Chinese philosopher - mostly on social and political relationships. His teachings extended beyond his 3000 students to become the basis of traditional Chinese - Japanese - Korean - and Vietnamese culture.






32. A group of Chinese revolutionary students who elected Sun Yat Sen their leader. The group failed ten times to overthrow the empire before the 1911 Revolution.






33. Areas in China dominated and funded by foreign - often European - countries. Technically - these were still under Chinese rule.






34. Ritual - music - mathematics - history - archery and charioteering were the core of Confucianism educations - designed to produce rounded and moral gentlemen.






35. 1839-1842 - it was fought between the British and Chinese over the opium trade. The British were ultimately victorious - and the war ended in the Treaty of Nanjing.






36. (Record of Conversation) The Chinese name for 'The Analects -' the records of Confucius's teachings as written by his students.






37. The capital of the Taiping rebellion captures from the Qing dynasty in 1853.






38. The date that Chiang Kai-Shek and the Guomindang fled the mainland to form the ROC on the island of Taiwan.






39. The last of China's emperors - a six year old boy - who gave up his throne on Feb. 12 - 1912.






40. The living quarters of foreign traders which were blockaded for 47 days with 350 inside. This action by Commissioner Lin led to the Opium War.






41. (Record of Conversation) The Chinese name for 'The Analects -' the records of Confucius's teachings as written by his students.






42. An island off mainland China which the British traders fled to after resisting Chinese efforts to stem the opium trade. It was eventually given to the British after the opium war.






43. Lin Xezu - appointed by the emperor in 1839 to end the opium trade in Guangzhou (Canton).






44. (573-621) The court regent who used Confucianism to justify the supremacy of the emperor and centralization of government in Japan. This led to greater following of Confucius within Japan.






45. The self-given name of China during the Qing Dynasty - demonstrating the Chinese idea that they were the center of the universe. The rest of the world was relatively insignificant.






46. The war following the Boxer Rebellion which was the largest conflict between China and the west.






47. 1894-1895 The war between the Chinese and former tributary state Japan - which - after a Japanese victory - prompted the Chinese to reform its military and social system.






48. In 1915 - during WWI - Japan forced Germany to give up Shandong Province in China and then moved in. The resulted in a great deal of anger from the Chinese people.






49. Also 'Kongzi -' the Chinese name for Confucius meaning 'Master Kong'






50. The 1860s movement by loyalist officials to attempt to modernize China with Western military technology and self sufficiency in weapon production.

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