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World History China

Subject : history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 'The Canon of the Way' was a book of poetry by Laozi - the old master - outlining the core principles of Daoism.






2. The official appointed by the Chinese government Who was in charge of taxes and control of trade - with whom foreign traders were not permitted to speak.






3. The idea - often in the 19th century - that a country should build up an empire. Ex. 'scramble for Africa'






4. A religion from India started by Prince Gautama based on the concept of freeing oneself from material possessions and clinging to life - and that man's suffering is an artifact of his own creation.






5. The Communist military in the Chinese Civil War - comprised largely of peasant recruits from rural areas and increasingly from urban areas. This army's strength was greater than that of the Nationalists' - and was able to win the war in 1949.


6. 1894-1895 The war between the Chinese and former tributary state Japan - which - after a Japanese victory - prompted the Chinese to reform its military and social system.






7. The leader of the Taiping Rebellion in the early 1950s who believed that the Qing Dynasty was at the end of its dynastic cycle - and that - he given the Mandate of Heaven - had the right to rule.






8. Three ideas laid out in 1903 in Sun Yat Sen's writings: nationalism - democracy - and the people's livelihood.


9. The perceived right to rule granted the emperor by supernatural powers - making him above the common people.






10. The Buddhist belief that people exist in a cycle of reincarnation - being reborn based on the quality of the life they had previously led. The ultimate goal of a Buddhist was to reach nirvana - a state of peacefulness - by ridding oneself of selfish






11. The leader of the Chinese Communist Party - who went into hiding in the countryside in 1927 to attempt to resurrect an opposition to the Nationalists.






12. The people of Manchuria who overthrew the Chinese throne in the 17th century and started the Qing Dynasty. They eventually became more like the rest of China - however.






13. Born in 551 BCE - Confucius was a Chinese philosopher - mostly on social and political relationships. His teachings extended beyond his 3000 students to become the basis of traditional Chinese - Japanese - Korean - and Vietnamese culture.






14. The living quarters of foreign traders which were blockaded for 47 days with 350 inside. This action by Commissioner Lin led to the Opium War.






15. 'The Canon of the Way' was a book of poetry by Laozi - the old master - outlining the core principles of Daoism.






16. The peasant rebellion in the early 1850s led by Hong Xiuquan which supported an early form of communism. Though they were able to defeat the Qing empire - foreign countries suppressed the Taiping with their militaries.






17. The rival regional military leaders who fought for control of China between 1916 and 1919.






18. The reinterpretation of Confucianism in the 11th and 12th century to once again capture Confucius's teachings while also providing for other philosophies like Buddhism and Daoism.






19. Ritual - music - mathematics - history - archery and charioteering were the core of Confucianism educations - designed to produce rounded and moral gentlemen.






20. The combined force of the Communists and Nationalists formed in 1936 united in the common goal for the Chinese to oppose the Japanese invasions.


21. 'The Enlightened One' From the foothills of the Himalayas along the border of India and Nepal - contemplated the cause of misery and suffering - and through meditation - created Buddhism.






22. The treaty ending the Opium war - which was heavily favored toward the British. The Chinese were to pay 21 million dollars - give the British Hong Kong and to extend trading rights to the British.






23. Efforts by the Empress Cixi to save the Qing Dynasty between 1901 and 1908 introducing a modern education system - a new system for civil service entrance - and a new army.






24. The party formed in 1921 led by Mao Zedong which held the ideal that a Communist government would improve the lives of urban workers and rural farmers. The disillusioned poor of China were eager to embrace such ideas they saw as liberating them from






25. Also 'Kongzi -' the Chinese name for Confucius meaning 'Master Kong'






26. The official appointed by the Chinese government Who was in charge of taxes and control of trade - with whom foreign traders were not permitted to speak.






27. A group of Chinese revolutionary students who elected Sun Yat Sen their leader. The group failed ten times to overthrow the empire before the 1911 Revolution.






28. In 1931 - the Japanese took Machuria while the Nationalists were preoccupied fighting the Communists. They then set up the puppet government of Manchukuo with Puyi as its leader.






29. Three ideas laid out in 1903 in Sun Yat Sen's writings: nationalism - democracy - and the people's livelihood.


30. A religion from India started by Prince Gautama based on the concept of freeing oneself from material possessions and clinging to life - and that man's suffering is an artifact of his own creation.






31. 1839-1842 - it was fought between the British and Chinese over the opium trade. The British were ultimately victorious - and the war ended in the Treaty of Nanjing.






32. The relationships of dominance in Confucianism: Emperor over official - father over son - husband over wife - and elder brothers over the younger. There was also the relationship between male friends which was NOT related to rank.






33. In 1915 - during WWI - Japan forced Germany to give up Shandong Province in China and then moved in. The resulted in a great deal of anger from the Chinese people.






34. The emissary of King George III who - in 1793 - attempted to extend British trade with China. He and Britain were denied by the emperor.






35. 1835-1908 The Empress Dowager (widow) who controlled the Chinese empire through the reigning emperor. She sided with the fired officials to help end the Hundred Days Reform.






36. An alternative to Confucianism recommending activity in accord with nature with emphasis on little government intervention and and 'action of inaction.'






37. The 1860s movement by loyalist officials to attempt to modernize China with Western military technology and self sufficiency in weapon production.


38. The series of twenty books written by Confucius's students cataloguing his teachings; he himself never wrote any of his ideas down.






39. The Buddhist belief that people exist in a cycle of reincarnation - being reborn based on the quality of the life they had previously led. The ultimate goal of a Buddhist was to reach nirvana - a state of peacefulness - by ridding oneself of selfish






40. 1945-1949 Immediately after the War of Resistance ended - the Nationalists and Communists fought for control of China. Though the Nationalists appeared to have the upper hand - their support crumbled due to economic troubles and corruption. The Commu






41. 1937-1945 After Japanese forces invaded China in July 1937 - the Nationalists and Communists united to fight them off - though neither invested as many men or as much equipment as they might - for they did not trust each other. The war ended with the






42. 1866-1925 The leader of the Chinese revolutionaries in the early 20th century who believed that the imperial system needed to be replaced with a nationalist and socialist government.






43. The September 1901 treaty ending the Boxer Rebellion requiring that China pay 330 million in indemnity - punishing the Chinese officials - and weakening the Chinese military.






44. The government formed by Sun Yat Sen's revolutionaries in 1912.






45. The escape of the Red Army in 1934 from the Nationalist effort to eliminate them. Over the course of a year - the army marched 6000 miles to Shaanxi and formed a base camp there.






46. Lin Xezu - appointed by the emperor in 1839 to end the opium trade in Guangzhou (Canton).






47. The military of the Chinese Communist Party which was nearly destroyed in 1934 - but eventually reorganized and regrew its power.






48. The required ritual performed in front of the emperor in which one would kneel three times and touch his head to the floor nine times.






49. The escape of the Red Army in 1934 from the Nationalist effort to eliminate them. Over the course of a year - the army marched 6000 miles to Shaanxi and formed a base camp there.






50. In the summer of 1898 - this was an effort by Kang Youwei and the emperor to restructure Chinese society. Some of the reforms include the establishment of the University of Beijing - the modernization of curriculum in education - the establishment of