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Yoga History

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. What does Natha sect mean?
Yoga IS The RESTRICTION OF The WHIRLS OF CONSCIOUSNESS (CITTA)
It means Lord pertaining to the Yoga adepts. It was from the Natha sect that Hatha Yoga developed.
Founder of the school of qualified non-dualism. (Vashista Advaita). He challenged Patanjali's believe that God was abstract. This means that he believed the spiritual world had qualities - such as a deity or the trimuti. (Bhakti yogi - Devotion to Go
Ganesh - the pot belly elephant face God and the removal of all obstacles.

2. The story of KRISHNA as GOVINDA
Author of the Yoga sutras (source text of Classical Yoga) and the 8 Limb Path
A higher state of consciousness in which the yogi communes with God in an ordinary walking state - even performing worldly duties. Without difference. The yogi feels there is a slight separation from God. In Nirbikalpa there is no separation from God
Found in the Bhagavata PURANA. He gives 10 sons and 1 daughter to each of his 16 -108 cow girls.
Shiva was lecturing his wife Parvati about the secrets of Tantra yoga and Parvati was asleep. Matsyendra heard the teachings from the belly of a huge fish and Shiva then states he knows who is real disciple is. 12 years later the fish is caught and M

3. What is Yogash Citta Vritti Nirodhah?
Arguably the most famous Sutra which means - Yoga is the cessation of the fluctuations of the mind.
Forceful yoga.
Withdraw from the senses and eliminate distraction from the outside world.
The Path of Wisdom - 'embodying the scriptures. investing in study

4. Yogash citta vritti nirodhah
Means 'to sit near'. There were traditionally 108 Upanishads. Epiphanies of the VEDAS They were interpretations of the VEDAS
The Path of Wisdom - 'embodying the scriptures. investing in study
Mahavatar Babaji - Lahiri Mahasaya - Swami Sri Yukteswar - Paramahansa Yogananda - Bishnu Ghosh
Yoga IS The RESTRICTION OF The WHIRLS OF CONSCIOUSNESS (CITTA)

5. DVAITA VEDANTA

6. What are the FOUR VEDAS?
Cow Protector
To weave - loom or extend - very non judgmental - they embraced everyone with an open mind.
RIG VEDA - ATHARVA VEDA - Jahjur VEDA - SAMA VEDA
Qualified non-dualist

7. What is Advaita?

8. What are the yoga sutras
It means Non-dualism or 'not two.'
Hymns sung and passed down from Brahman to Brahman. The RIG VEDA first mentions Yoga
ASHTANGA Yoga - PATANJALI Yoga - RAJA Yoga
Sutra means suture or thread. The Sutras consist of 195 aphorisms which cover many aspects of Yoga; transformation of consciousness - paranormal powers or (Siddhis) - the eight limb path (Ashtanga) - and higher stages of yoga - liberation. They were

9. What does Dhyana mean?
Govinda - cow finder.
AKA 'GOVINDA' or cow-finder. Always seen playing the flute The 8th incarnation of VISHNU. Krishna is one of the most powerful deities in the HINDU CULTURE. He's written about int the BHAGAVAD-GITA and the BHAGAVATA-PURANA
Pingala - Eda and Sushumna
Meditation

10. What does Asana mean
A higher state of consciousness in which the yogi communes with God in an ordinary walking state - even performing worldly duties. Without difference. The yogi feels there is a slight separation from God. In Nirbikalpa there is no separation from God
Seat
Non-dual - end of the Vedas
Ganesh - the pot belly elephant face God and the removal of all obstacles.

11. The BHAGAVAD-GITA

12. The Indic Trimurti
To weave - loom or extend - very non judgmental - they embraced everyone with an open mind.
Author of the Yoga sutras (source text of Classical Yoga) and the 8 Limb Path
Shiva was lecturing his wife Parvati about the secrets of Tantra yoga and Parvati was asleep. Matsyendra heard the teachings from the belly of a huge fish and Shiva then states he knows who is real disciple is. 12 years later the fish is caught and M
Brahma- The Creator Vishnu- The Sustainer Shiva- The Destroyer

13. Who are the two most outstanding Nathas?
Patanjali favored a dualistic philosophy that separates Consciousness and Matter - or Spirit: Purusha and nature: Prakriti. They believed in two separate realities. While still in the physical body the yogin can only glimpse upon the Divine and in hi
The state in which the yogi becomes breathless - with difference - the life force is withdrawn from the body and the yogi appears dead or motionless and rigid. The yogi is fully aware of his condition but it is a temporary state and he has a glimpse
Pingala - Eda and Sushumna
Matsyendra and Goraksha

14. What is Nirbikalpa Samadhi
A higher state of consciousness in which the yogi communes with God in an ordinary walking state - even performing worldly duties. Without difference. The yogi feels there is a slight separation from God. In Nirbikalpa there is no separation from God
Means 'to sit near'. There were traditionally 108 Upanishads. Epiphanies of the VEDAS They were interpretations of the VEDAS
Author of the Yoga sutras (source text of Classical Yoga) and the 8 Limb Path
It was a combination of the Right and Left path. It had a strong presence of the Shakti element both in manifesting the feminine Shakti - and the presence of women in the role of consorts and initiators.

15. What is KARMA Yoga

16. Pre-Classical ERA (when - approximately)?
A higher state of consciousness in which the yogi communes with God in an ordinary walking state - even performing worldly duties. Without difference. The yogi feels there is a slight separation from God. In Nirbikalpa there is no separation from God
Qualified non-dualist
1000-100 BCE. All ABOUT NON-DUALISM
Hymns sung and passed down from Brahman to Brahman. The RIG VEDA first mentions Yoga

17. Who is Patanjali
Dualism or 'two.'
This is the story of wars between two arms of a family - the Pandavas and the Kauravas.
Author of the Yoga sutras (source text of Classical Yoga) and the 8 Limb Path
Knowledge. The oldest portion and the most sacred scriptures of Hinduism. A collection of hymns said to be intuited by the ancient seers of sages. These hymns or songs - were secrets of the universe - why are we here? Oldest composition in the world.

18. Name the 8 Limb Path
Yama - Niyama - Asana - Pranayama - Pratyahara - Dhrana - Dhyana - Samadhi
The Yoga Sutras - The 8 Limb Path
The Path of Devotion. (Hare Krishnas - for example)
It means Non-dualism or 'not two.'

19. Who is Matysendra
Founder of the Kaula Branch of Tantra and the Natha sect.
It means Lord pertaining to the Yoga adepts. It was from the Natha sect that Hatha Yoga developed.
Means 'to sit near'. There were traditionally 108 Upanishads. Epiphanies of the VEDAS They were interpretations of the VEDAS
Arguably the most famous Sutra which means - Yoga is the cessation of the fluctuations of the mind.

20. JIVAN MUKTA

21. What were the UPANISHADS?

22. PARUSHA and PAKRITI
A 'chosen deity.' This meant that you believed you could meditate on a deity such as Shiva - Krishna - Ganesh or Lakshmi and then actually merge with and become that deity.
SPIRIT and NATURE/CONSCIOUSNESS and MATTER
Arguably the most famous Sutra which means - Yoga is the cessation of the fluctuations of the mind.
Shiva was lecturing his wife Parvati about the secrets of Tantra yoga and Parvati was asleep. Matsyendra heard the teachings from the belly of a huge fish and Shiva then states he knows who is real disciple is. 12 years later the fish is caught and M

23. RAMA

24. What does Pranyama mean?
Spirit
The legend starts when a peasant woman asks Shiva for a son. He gives her ash to eat which will induce pregnancy. She throws the gift into a dung-heap. Twelve years later Matsyendra goes to see the child. After telling what she had done - Matsyendra
Extend the life force
Enlightenment - ecstasy - absorption

25. What is arguably the most famous Sutra and its meaning
Non-dualism. Based on the Upanishads. Two main branches Radical - taught by Shankara - and Qualified - taught by Ramanuja.
From 100 CE-500 CE there was PATANJALI who authored the Yoga SUTRAS. He spoke about the 8 limb path and was the first to systematize the teachings of Yoga. PATANJALI gave Yoga its Classic FORM
Yogash Citta Vritti Nirodhah.
Yoga IS The RESTRICTION OF The WHIRLS OF CONSCIOUSNESS (CITTA)

26. Who is Goraksha?
The traditionalists believe the body is a hindrance - or an obstacle which limits and distracts us on our path (sadhana). Whereas the Tantrikas believe the body is an expression of divinity and we should therefore discover all of its sense pleasures
100-500 C.E.
They considered the body to be a distraction from their spiritual path (Sadhana). Even though they practiced asana as a preliminary step to stay healthy - they frown upon the Tantric approach of Hatha Yoga which uses the body as vehicle to reach enli
He was a disciple of Matsyendra and the originator of Hatha Yoga. Shiva told Matsyendra he would reincarnate as his disciple.

27. The Brahman
God - the absolute - the expansion - quantum source.
Sarasvati - The Goddess of knowledge - speech and the fine arts - also the name of an extinct river in India.
Author of the Yoga sutras (source text of Classical Yoga) and the 8 Limb Path
Seat

28. Vishnu's ten incarnations
Matsya (fish) Kurma (tortoise) Varaha (boar) Nara-Simba (lion) Vamana or Bamana - dwarf or short man. First human incarnation. Parusha-Rama (Rama with an Axe) Rama (dark or pleasing one). Main character in Rama and Sita. Krishna (also known as Govind
Sutra means suture or thread. The Sutras consist of 195 aphorisms which cover many aspects of Yoga; transformation of consciousness - paranormal powers or (Siddhis) - the eight limb path (Ashtanga) - and higher stages of yoga - liberation. They were
It means the Lord's Song. The book of Psalms. The popular Yoga scripture containing the teachings of Lord Krishna to Arjuna.
DARK OR PLEASING ONE. The 7th incarnation of VISHNU. He is the main character in the RAMAYANA ('the advancement of RAMA') SITA IS his CONSORT. He was rescued by the forest demon - RAVANA

29. What is Patanjali's approach to Dvaita (Dualism).
They considered the body to be a distraction from their spiritual path (Sadhana). Even though they practiced asana as a preliminary step to stay healthy - they frown upon the Tantric approach of Hatha Yoga which uses the body as vehicle to reach enli
Patanjali favored a dualistic philosophy that separates Consciousness and Matter - or Spirit: Purusha and nature: Prakriti. They believed in two separate realities. While still in the physical body the yogin can only glimpse upon the Divine and in hi
Ashtanga - Raja - Patanjala
Ganesh - the pot belly elephant face God and the removal of all obstacles.

30. Who are the two most outstanding Nathas?
Matsyendra and Goraksha
1.Matsya (fish) - 2. Kurma (tortoise) - 4. Nara-Simha (lion) 5. VAMANA or BAMANA (DWARF)=the first human incarnation of Vishnu - 6. Rama with an AX - 7. RAMA 8. KRISHNA (GOVINDA) - 9. BUDDHA (the awakened one) - 10> Kalki (the AVATAR yet to come)
Krishna advises Arjuna to battle his 'enemy' which is really Arjuna's family. This 'enemy' represents the hold the world and worldly things have on humans.
1. Ahimsa-non violence 2. Satya-truth 3. Asteya-non stealing 4. Brahmacharya - abstinence 5. Aparigraha - non hoarding

31. What is the Bhagavad-Gita

32. WHY did Patanjali choose 8 limbs?
From the 8-fold path of BUDHISM
Sabikalpa - Nirbikalpa - Maha
Enlightenment - ecstasy - absorption
Meditation

33. What are the FOUR VEDAS?
RIG VEDA - ATHARVA VEDA - Jahjur VEDA - SAMA VEDA
The masculine-feminine force of the Universe - the fundamental creative principle of existence. Shiva without Shakti is unable to affect anything. Just as the moon does not shine without moonlight - so also Shiva does not shine without Shakti.
Pat; fallen or transfer. Anjali; greeting.
Qualified non-dualist

34. What is a Dvaita

35. What do the Upanishads mean?

36. Rama's Consort
Sita
To weave - loom or extend - very non judgmental - they embraced everyone with an open mind.
The Mahabharata (GREAT STORY). The Bhagavad Gita is incorporated within the Mahabharata as one of the episodes.
1500-1000 BCE

37. Veda
Patanjali's DUALISTIC approach (DVAITA VEDANTA) allows only for this kind of SAMADHI. This is SAMADHI with DIFFERENCE (BIKALPA) - ie
KNOWLEDGE
Matsyendra and Goraksha
Krishna advises Arjuna to battle his 'enemy' which is really Arjuna's family. This 'enemy' represents the hold the world and worldly things have on humans.

38. Vishnu's Counterpart

39. WHAT ARE SOME OTheR NAMES FOR CLASSICAL Yoga?
1000-100 BCE. All ABOUT NON-DUALISM
To prepare the yogi for meditation.
ASHTANGA Yoga - PATANJALI Yoga - RAJA Yoga
This is the story of wars between two arms of a family - the Pandavas and the Kauravas.

40. The Vedic Age
DUALISM. (DVAITA=DUALISM - VEDANTA=after the VEDAS) - 'DUALISM THAT OCCURRED AFTER The VEDAS' THIS was the philosophy espoused by Patanjali. Separate CONSCiousness and Matter or PURUSHA (SPIRIT) seen as separate from PRAKRITI (NATURE). FROM this view
PAT=FALLEN; SHAKTI PAT=FALLEN ENERGY
The story of Rama and Sita. It is considered the Genesis and the most popular romantic story in all of India. Hanumat - or Hanuman the Monkey Leader - slay the forest demon - Ravana - and rescues his wife Sita.
4500-2500 BCE

41. Name the three energy channel Nadis
Qualified non-dualist
The state in which the yogi becomes breathless - with difference - the life force is withdrawn from the body and the yogi appears dead or motionless and rigid. The yogi is fully aware of his condition but it is a temporary state and he has a glimpse
Ashtanga - Raja - Patanjala
Pingala - Eda and Sushumna

42. What are the four vedas
DARK OR PLEASING ONE. The 7th incarnation of VISHNU. He is the main character in the RAMAYANA ('the advancement of RAMA') SITA IS his CONSORT. He was rescued by the forest demon - RAVANA
Rig - Atharva - Yahjur - Sama
It means the Lord's Song. The book of Psalms. The popular Yoga scripture containing the teachings of Lord Krishna to Arjuna.
Last act performed before the yogi actually chooses to leave his body and turns thrice - faces north and his spirit leaves the body.

43. How does the Hatha or Tantric yogi purify their body?
The story of Rama and Sita. It is considered the Genesis and the most popular romantic story in all of India. Hanumat - or Hanuman the Monkey Leader - slay the forest demon - Ravana - and rescues his wife Sita.
SUTRA=suture/thread. These are 195 aphorisms which cover many aspects of Yoga: transformation of consciousness - paranormal powers (SIDDHIS) - the eight limb path (ASHTANGA) and higher stages of yoga - liberation. Written on palm leaves and tied toge
It purifies the body practicing asana - Ayurvedic medicine - eating consciously - and worshipping the body as a temple to transcend the physical. This is in contrast to the hedonists who indulge in sense pleasure for self gratification. Therefore - t
Ganesh - the pot belly elephant face God and the removal of all obstacles.

44. What is another name for Goraksha
Govinda - cow finder.
Dualism or 'two.'
Cow Protector
Goraksha

45. Vishnu's Counterpart

46. Name the Yama's and their meanings
To prepare the yogi for meditation.
Spoken of in Pre-Classical times (1000 BCE-100 BCE) in Krishna's lesson to Arjuna in the BHAGAVAD GITA. The path of RIGHT ACTION. Through our TAPAS (disciplines - austerities) - you start to burn your - Karma. HATHA Yoga is KARMA Yoga
The Mahabharata (GREAT STORY). The Bhagavad Gita is incorporated within the Mahabharata as one of the episodes.
1. Ahimsa-non violence 2. Satya-truth 3. Asteya-non stealing 4. Brahmacharya - abstinence 5. Aparigraha - non hoarding

47. What does Purusha mean?
AKA 'GOVINDA' or cow-finder. Always seen playing the flute The 8th incarnation of VISHNU. Krishna is one of the most powerful deities in the HINDU CULTURE. He's written about int the BHAGAVAD-GITA and the BHAGAVATA-PURANA
Matsya (fish) Kurma (tortoise) Varaha (boar) Nara-Simba (lion) Vamana or Bamana - dwarf or short man. First human incarnation. Parusha-Rama (Rama with an Axe) Rama (dark or pleasing one). Main character in Rama and Sita. Krishna (also known as Govind
Spirit
Yama - Niyama - Asana - Pranayama - Pratyahara - Dhrana - Dhyana - Samadhi

48. Who is Matysendra
Founder of the school of qualified non-dualism. (Vashista Advaita). He challenged Patanjali's believe that God was abstract. This means that he believed the spiritual world had qualities - such as a deity or the trimuti. (Bhakti yogi - Devotion to Go
Sita
'The LORD'S SONG'. The most famous of all Indic scripture - where Krishna teaches his main disciple - Arjuna of life through the teachings of KARMIC Yoga (RIGHT ACTION) - BHAKTI Yoga (DEVOTION) - and Jnana Yoga (WISDOM)
Founder of the Kaula Branch of Tantra and the Natha sect.

49. What does Tantra mean?
Patanjali
The Mahabharata (GREAT STORY). The Bhagavad Gita is incorporated within the Mahabharata as one of the episodes.
To weave - loom or extend - very non judgmental - they embraced everyone with an open mind.
Enlightenment - ecstasy - absorption

50. Why did the Classical Yogis not believe in a deep exploration of the physical world and their body?
The founder of the Kanphata order and an early preceptor of Hatha yoga.
Founder of the Kaula Branch of Tantra and the Natha sect.
They considered the body to be a distraction from their spiritual path (Sadhana). Even though they practiced asana as a preliminary step to stay healthy - they frown upon the Tantric approach of Hatha Yoga which uses the body as vehicle to reach enli
The masculine-feminine force of the Universe - the fundamental creative principle of existence. Shiva without Shakti is unable to affect anything. Just as the moon does not shine without moonlight - so also Shiva does not shine without Shakti.