Yoga History

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Who is Shankara?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


2. BHAKTI Yoga
To prepare the yogi for meditation.
It means ear splitting. They would split both ears and wear very large earrings which is said to invoke the Yoga Siddhis powers.
Author of the Yoga sutras (source text of Classical Yoga) and the 8 Limb Path
The Path of Devotion. (Hare Krishnas - for example)


3. Veda
Patanjali
A higher state of consciousness in which the yogi communes with God in an ordinary walking state - even performing worldly duties. Without difference. The yogi feels there is a slight separation from God. In Nirbikalpa there is no separation from God
Found in the Bhagavata PURANA. He gives 10 sons and 1 daughter to each of his 16 -108 cow girls.
KNOWLEDGE


4. DVAITA VEDANTA

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


5. What do the Niyamas represent
Matsya (fish) Kurma (tortoise) Varaha (boar) Nara-Simba (lion) Vamana or Bamana - dwarf or short man. First human incarnation. Parusha-Rama (Rama with an Axe) Rama (dark or pleasing one). Main character in Rama and Sita. Krishna (also known as Govind
Patanjali favored a dualistic philosophy that separates Consciousness and Matter - or Spirit: Purusha and nature: Prakriti. They believed in two separate realities. While still in the physical body the yogin can only glimpse upon the Divine and in hi
Withdraw from the senses and eliminate distraction from the outside world.
Personal observances or restraints


6. What is Maha Samadhi
Hymns sung and passed down from Brahman to Brahman. The RIG VEDA first mentions Yoga
Last act performed before the yogi actually chooses to leave his body and turns thrice - faces north and his spirit leaves the body.
The Yoga Sutras - The 8 Limb Path
Sita


7. What major work is the Pre-Classical ERA of Yoga known for?
The Mahabharata (GREAT STORY). The Bhagavad Gita is incorporated within the Mahabharata as one of the episodes.
The Yogin's spiritual path. CLASSICAL YOGIS did not believe in deep exploration of the physical world or their bodies. These things were seen as a gross distraction from theirr spiritual path.
The Yogin's spiritual path. CLASSICAL YOGIS did not believe in deep exploration of the physical world or their bodies. These things were seen as a gross distraction from theirr spiritual path.
'living liberated' The adept who is liberated or enlightened while still embodied. This is a non-dualistic ideal - that when 'self realization occurs - liberation will come'. The Bhagavad-Gita describes Jivan-Mukta


8. What is another name for Goraksha
To weave - loom or extend - very non judgmental - they embraced everyone with an open mind.
Forceful Yoga. The yoga of physical discipline - aiming at the awakening of the serpent power (kundalini shakti).
Cow Protector
Non-dual - end of the Vedas


9. What is the Mahabharata (The Great Story)?
This is the story of wars between two arms of a family - the Pandavas and the Kauravas.
Yoga IS The RESTRICTION OF The WHIRLS OF CONSCIOUSNESS (CITTA)
Means 'to sit near'. There were traditionally 108 Upanishads. Epiphanies of the VEDAS They were interpretations of the VEDAS
Seat


10. The Brahman
The story of Rama and Sita. It is considered the Genesis and the most popular romantic story in all of India. Hanumat - or Hanuman the Monkey Leader - slay the forest demon - Ravana - and rescues his wife Sita.
God - the absolute - the expansion - quantum source.
Concentration
Rig - Atharva - Yahjur - Sama


11. Shiva-Shakti
Non-dualism. Based on the Upanishads. Two main branches Radical - taught by Shankara - and Qualified - taught by Ramanuja.
Founder of the Kaula Branch of Tantra and the Natha sect.
Krishna advises Arjuna to battle his 'enemy' which is really Arjuna's family. This 'enemy' represents the hold the world and worldly things have on humans.
The masculine-feminine force of the Universe - the fundamental creative principle of existence. Shiva without Shakti is unable to affect anything. Just as the moon does not shine without moonlight - so also Shiva does not shine without Shakti.


12. CLASSICAL Yoga CONCEPTS
Seat
'The LORD'S SONG'. The most famous of all Indic scripture - where Krishna teaches his main disciple - Arjuna of life through the teachings of KARMIC Yoga (RIGHT ACTION) - BHAKTI Yoga (DEVOTION) - and Jnana Yoga (WISDOM)
DARK OR PLEASING ONE. The 7th incarnation of VISHNU. He is the main character in the RAMAYANA ('the advancement of RAMA') SITA IS his CONSORT. He was rescued by the forest demon - RAVANA
From 100 CE-500 CE there was PATANJALI who authored the Yoga SUTRAS. He spoke about the 8 limb path and was the first to systematize the teachings of Yoga. PATANJALI gave Yoga its Classic FORM


13. What does Natha sect mean?
AKA 'GOVINDA' or cow-finder. Always seen playing the flute The 8th incarnation of VISHNU. Krishna is one of the most powerful deities in the HINDU CULTURE. He's written about int the BHAGAVAD-GITA and the BHAGAVATA-PURANA
It means Lord pertaining to the Yoga adepts. It was from the Natha sect that Hatha Yoga developed.
The Path of Wisdom - 'embodying the scriptures. investing in study
Matsyendra and Goraksha


14. What does Pranyama mean?
Extend the life force
They considered the body to be a distraction from their spiritual path (Sadhana). Even though they practiced asana as a preliminary step to stay healthy - they frown upon the Tantric approach of Hatha Yoga which uses the body as vehicle to reach enli
The founder of the Kanphata order and an early preceptor of Hatha yoga.
Personal observances or restraints


15. Yogash citta vritti nirodhah
It means Non-dualism or 'not two.'
To weave - loom or extend - very non judgmental - they embraced everyone with an open mind.
Dualism or 'two.'
Yoga IS The RESTRICTION OF The WHIRLS OF CONSCIOUSNESS (CITTA)


16. What do the Yamas Represent
RIG VEDA - ATHARVA VEDA - Jahjur VEDA - SAMA VEDA
Last act performed before the yogi actually chooses to leave his body and turns thrice - faces north and his spirit leaves the body.
Universal morality
DUALISM. (DVAITA=DUALISM - VEDANTA=after the VEDAS) - 'DUALISM THAT OCCURRED AFTER The VEDAS' THIS was the philosophy espoused by Patanjali. Separate CONSCiousness and Matter or PURUSHA (SPIRIT) seen as separate from PRAKRITI (NATURE). FROM this view


17. Name the three energy channel Nadis
Nature
Qualified non-dualist
Pingala - Eda and Sushumna
AKA 'GOVINDA' or cow-finder. Always seen playing the flute The 8th incarnation of VISHNU. Krishna is one of the most powerful deities in the HINDU CULTURE. He's written about int the BHAGAVAD-GITA and the BHAGAVATA-PURANA


18. What does Dhyana mean?
Patanjali's DUALISTIC approach (DVAITA VEDANTA) allows only for this kind of SAMADHI. This is SAMADHI with DIFFERENCE (BIKALPA) - ie
Rig - Atharva - Yahjur - Sama
Meditation
Sabikalpa - Nirbikalpa - Maha


19. What was Patanjali the author of?
SPIRIT and NATURE/CONSCIOUSNESS and MATTER
From the 8-fold path of BUDHISM
KNOWLEDGE
The Yoga Sutras - The 8 Limb Path


20. Why did the Classical Yogis not believe in a deep exploration of the physical world and their body?
They considered the body to be a distraction from their spiritual path (Sadhana). Even though they practiced asana as a preliminary step to stay healthy - they frown upon the Tantric approach of Hatha Yoga which uses the body as vehicle to reach enli
Forceful Yoga. The yoga of physical discipline - aiming at the awakening of the serpent power (kundalini shakti).
Rig - Atharva - Yahjur - Sama
100-500 C.E.


21. Who is Ramanuja?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


22. Rama's Consort
Sita
Seat
Found in the Bhagavata PURANA. He gives 10 sons and 1 daughter to each of his 16 -108 cow girls.
Universal morality


23. What is the Bhagavad-Gita

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


24. What is the 'breakdown -' or meaning of Patanjali's name
ASHTANGA Yoga - PATANJALI Yoga - RAJA Yoga
The traditionalists believe the body is a hindrance - or an obstacle which limits and distracts us on our path (sadhana). Whereas the Tantrikas believe the body is an expression of divinity and we should therefore discover all of its sense pleasures
Govinda - cow finder.
Pat; fallen or transfer. Anjali; greeting.


25. What does Pratyahara mean?
Withdraw from the senses and eliminate distraction from the outside world.
Sabikalpa - Nirbikalpa - Maha
From 100 CE-500 CE there was PATANJALI who authored the Yoga SUTRAS. He spoke about the 8 limb path and was the first to systematize the teachings of Yoga. PATANJALI gave Yoga its Classic FORM
It means Non-dualism or 'not two.'


26. Yoga SUTRAS
A higher state of consciousness in which the yogi communes with God in an ordinary walking state - even performing worldly duties. Without difference. The yogi feels there is a slight separation from God. In Nirbikalpa there is no separation from God
'living liberated' The adept who is liberated or enlightened while still embodied. This is a non-dualistic ideal - that when 'self realization occurs - liberation will come'. The Bhagavad-Gita describes Jivan-Mukta
The story of Rama and Sita. It is considered the Genesis and the most popular romantic story in all of India. Hanumat - or Hanuman the Monkey Leader - slay the forest demon - Ravana - and rescues his wife Sita.
SUTRA=suture/thread. These are 195 aphorisms which cover many aspects of Yoga: transformation of consciousness - paranormal powers (SIDDHIS) - the eight limb path (ASHTANGA) and higher stages of yoga - liberation. Written on palm leaves and tied toge


27. What does Purusha mean?
The masculine-feminine force of the Universe - the fundamental creative principle of existence. Shiva without Shakti is unable to affect anything. Just as the moon does not shine without moonlight - so also Shiva does not shine without Shakti.
Means 'to sit near'. There were traditionally 108 Upanishads. Epiphanies of the VEDAS They were interpretations of the VEDAS
DARK OR PLEASING ONE. The 7th incarnation of VISHNU. He is the main character in the RAMAYANA ('the advancement of RAMA') SITA IS his CONSORT. He was rescued by the forest demon - RAVANA
Spirit


28. What is the main idea of the Bhagavad Gita?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


29. What role did Goraksha play in our lineage
The founder of the Kanphata order and an early preceptor of Hatha yoga.
It means ear splitting. They would split both ears and wear very large earrings which is said to invoke the Yoga Siddhis powers.
Hymns sung and passed down from Brahman to Brahman. The RIG VEDA first mentions Yoga
To weave - loom or extend - very non judgmental - they embraced everyone with an open mind.


30. Veda
To prepare the yogi for meditation.
KNOWLEDGE
Matsyendra and Goraksha
It was a combination of the Right and Left path. It had a strong presence of the Shakti element both in manifesting the feminine Shakti - and the presence of women in the role of consorts and initiators.


31. Parvati's son
Founder of the Kaula Branch of Tantra and the Natha sect.
AKA 'GOVINDA' or cow-finder. Always seen playing the flute The 8th incarnation of VISHNU. Krishna is one of the most powerful deities in the HINDU CULTURE. He's written about int the BHAGAVAD-GITA and the BHAGAVATA-PURANA
The founder of the Kanphata order and an early preceptor of Hatha yoga.
Ganesh - the pot belly elephant face God and the removal of all obstacles.


32. Name the three Samadhi's
RIG VEDA - ATHARVA VEDA - Jahjur VEDA - SAMA VEDA
Sabikalpa - Nirbikalpa - Maha
Sarasvati - The Goddess of knowledge - speech and the fine arts - also the name of an extinct river in India.
Pingala - Eda and Sushumna


33. What is the Mahabharata (The Great Story)?
DARK OR PLEASING ONE. The 7th incarnation of VISHNU. He is the main character in the RAMAYANA ('the advancement of RAMA') SITA IS his CONSORT. He was rescued by the forest demon - RAVANA
Sutra means suture or thread. The Sutras consist of 195 aphorisms which cover many aspects of Yoga; transformation of consciousness - paranormal powers or (Siddhis) - the eight limb path (Ashtanga) - and higher stages of yoga - liberation. They were
'The LORD'S SONG'. The most famous of all Indic scripture - where Krishna teaches his main disciple - Arjuna of life through the teachings of KARMIC Yoga (RIGHT ACTION) - BHAKTI Yoga (DEVOTION) - and Jnana Yoga (WISDOM)
This is the story of wars between two arms of a family - the Pandavas and the Kauravas.


34. Why was Goraksha given his name?
To weave - loom or extend - very non judgmental - they embraced everyone with an open mind.
It was a combination of the Right and Left path. It had a strong presence of the Shakti element both in manifesting the feminine Shakti - and the presence of women in the role of consorts and initiators.
Classical Yoga around 300-400 BCE
The legend starts when a peasant woman asks Shiva for a son. He gives her ash to eat which will induce pregnancy. She throws the gift into a dung-heap. Twelve years later Matsyendra goes to see the child. After telling what she had done - Matsyendra


35. What is the differences between Tantra and the more traditional view of the Verticalists?
RIG VEDA - ATHARVA VEDA - Jahjur VEDA - SAMA VEDA
Nature
The traditionalists believe the body is a hindrance - or an obstacle which limits and distracts us on our path (sadhana). Whereas the Tantrikas believe the body is an expression of divinity and we should therefore discover all of its sense pleasures
Founder of the Kaula Branch of Tantra and the Natha sect.


36. WHY did Patanjali choose 8 limbs?
Found in the Bhagavata PURANA. He gives 10 sons and 1 daughter to each of his 16 -108 cow girls.
Spirit
Founder of the school of qualified non-dualism. (Vashista Advaita). He challenged Patanjali's believe that God was abstract. This means that he believed the spiritual world had qualities - such as a deity or the trimuti. (Bhakti yogi - Devotion to Go
From the 8-fold path of BUDHISM


37. Name 5 of the 10 incarnations of VISHNU
1000-100 BCE. All ABOUT NON-DUALISM
He believed in a non-dualistic approach (Advaita-Vedanta) that the only reality is a spiritual world. He believed in an 'Abstract idea of who God is.' He challenged Patanjali's concept of separate realities. His concept was that Prakritti (nature) wa
It purifies the body practicing asana - Ayurvedic medicine - eating consciously - and worshipping the body as a temple to transcend the physical. This is in contrast to the hedonists who indulge in sense pleasure for self gratification. Therefore - t
1.Matsya (fish) - 2. Kurma (tortoise) - 4. Nara-Simha (lion) 5. VAMANA or BAMANA (DWARF)=the first human incarnation of Vishnu - 6. Rama with an AX - 7. RAMA 8. KRISHNA (GOVINDA) - 9. BUDDHA (the awakened one) - 10> Kalki (the AVATAR yet to come)


38. What are the four paths of Tantra yoga?
Buddhism - Right Path - Left Path and Kaula.
RIG VEDA - ATHARVA VEDA - Jahjur VEDA - SAMA VEDA
ASHTANGA Yoga - PATANJALI Yoga - RAJA Yoga
1.Matsya (fish) - 2. Kurma (tortoise) - 4. Nara-Simha (lion) 5. VAMANA or BAMANA (DWARF)=the first human incarnation of Vishnu - 6. Rama with an AX - 7. RAMA 8. KRISHNA (GOVINDA) - 9. BUDDHA (the awakened one) - 10> Kalki (the AVATAR yet to come)


39. The BHAGAVAD-GITA

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


40. Brahma's Counterpart
It was a combination of the Right and Left path. It had a strong presence of the Shakti element both in manifesting the feminine Shakti - and the presence of women in the role of consorts and initiators.
The Yoga Sutras - The 8 Limb Path
Sarasvati - The Goddess of knowledge - speech and the fine arts - also the name of an extinct river in India.
'living liberated' The adept who is liberated or enlightened while still embodied. This is a non-dualistic ideal - that when 'self realization occurs - liberation will come'. The Bhagavad-Gita describes Jivan-Mukta


41. Name the Yama's and their meanings
1. Ahimsa-non violence 2. Satya-truth 3. Asteya-non stealing 4. Brahmacharya - abstinence 5. Aparigraha - non hoarding
Yogash Citta Vritti Nirodhah.
AKA 'GOVINDA' or cow-finder. Always seen playing the flute The 8th incarnation of VISHNU. Krishna is one of the most powerful deities in the HINDU CULTURE. He's written about int the BHAGAVAD-GITA and the BHAGAVATA-PURANA
Qualified non-dualist


42. Name 5 of the 10 incarnations of VISHNU
1.Matsya (fish) - 2. Kurma (tortoise) - 4. Nara-Simha (lion) 5. VAMANA or BAMANA (DWARF)=the first human incarnation of Vishnu - 6. Rama with an AX - 7. RAMA 8. KRISHNA (GOVINDA) - 9. BUDDHA (the awakened one) - 10> Kalki (the AVATAR yet to come)
God - the absolute - the expansion - quantum source.
The Path of Devotion. (Hare Krishnas - for example)
It purifies the body practicing asana - Ayurvedic medicine - eating consciously - and worshipping the body as a temple to transcend the physical. This is in contrast to the hedonists who indulge in sense pleasure for self gratification. Therefore - t


43. What does Vedas mean?
He was a disciple of Matsyendra and the originator of Hatha Yoga. Shiva told Matsyendra he would reincarnate as his disciple.
Non-dualism. Based on the Upanishads. Two main branches Radical - taught by Shankara - and Qualified - taught by Ramanuja.
Knowledge. The oldest portion and the most sacred scriptures of Hinduism. A collection of hymns said to be intuited by the ancient seers of sages. These hymns or songs - were secrets of the universe - why are we here? Oldest composition in the world.
DUALISM. (DVAITA=DUALISM - VEDANTA=after the VEDAS) - 'DUALISM THAT OCCURRED AFTER The VEDAS' THIS was the philosophy espoused by Patanjali. Separate CONSCiousness and Matter or PURUSHA (SPIRIT) seen as separate from PRAKRITI (NATURE). FROM this view


44. Name the 8 Limb Path
Radha
1. Saucha-sacredness or purity 2. Santosha-contentment 3. Tapas-discipline 4. Swadhyaya-self study or introspection 5. Ishvara Pranidhana-Dedication to God
The state in which the yogi becomes breathless - with difference - the life force is withdrawn from the body and the yogi appears dead or motionless and rigid. The yogi is fully aware of his condition but it is a temporary state and he has a glimpse
Yama - Niyama - Asana - Pranayama - Pratyahara - Dhrana - Dhyana - Samadhi


45. What is the 'breakdown -' or meaning of Patanjali's name
It means Lord pertaining to the Yoga adepts. It was from the Natha sect that Hatha Yoga developed.
Pat; fallen or transfer. Anjali; greeting.
The state in which the yogi becomes breathless - with difference - the life force is withdrawn from the body and the yogi appears dead or motionless and rigid. The yogi is fully aware of his condition but it is a temporary state and he has a glimpse
It purifies the body practicing asana - Ayurvedic medicine - eating consciously - and worshipping the body as a temple to transcend the physical. This is in contrast to the hedonists who indulge in sense pleasure for self gratification. Therefore - t


46. What are the four paths of Tantra yoga?
Dualism or 'two.'
It means the Lord's Song. The book of Psalms. The popular Yoga scripture containing the teachings of Lord Krishna to Arjuna.
Buddhism - Right Path - Left Path and Kaula.
Shiva was lecturing his wife Parvati about the secrets of Tantra yoga and Parvati was asleep. Matsyendra heard the teachings from the belly of a huge fish and Shiva then states he knows who is real disciple is. 12 years later the fish is caught and M


47. The Vedic Age
Found in the Bhagavata PURANA. He gives 10 sons and 1 daughter to each of his 16 -108 cow girls.
SPIRIT and NATURE/CONSCIOUSNESS and MATTER
4500-2500 BCE
The masculine-feminine force of the Universe - the fundamental creative principle of existence. Shiva without Shakti is unable to affect anything. Just as the moon does not shine without moonlight - so also Shiva does not shine without Shakti.


48. Vishnu's Counterpart

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


49. What is Ishta Devata?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


50. Brahma's Counterpart
AKA 'GOVINDA' or cow-finder. Always seen playing the flute The 8th incarnation of VISHNU. Krishna is one of the most powerful deities in the HINDU CULTURE. He's written about int the BHAGAVAD-GITA and the BHAGAVATA-PURANA
Patanjali
Sarasvati - The Goddess of knowledge - speech and the fine arts - also the name of an extinct river in India.
From the 8-fold path of BUDHISM