Test your basic knowledge |

AP Chemistry 2

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the names and formulas of the 6 strong acids?
HNO3 - (nitric) H2SO4 -(sulfuric) HCl -(hydrochloric) HBr -(hydrobromic) HI - (hydroiodic) HClO4 (perchloric)
0.10M HCl (more ions)
ClO2?
Insoluble (except group 1 ammonium and Ba)

2. What is the sign of the cathode in voltaic cells? in electrolytic cells?
voltaic: + electrolytic: -
CnH2n
Most are soluble except Ag - Pb
Exothermic

3. What electrons are lost/gained first in transition element ions?
Trigonal pyramidal
Transition element compounds (except if it has a full or empty d shell)
strong acids/bases are written as H+ or OH- ions
ns² electrons (first in-first out)

4. What process do you use to obtain a solvent from a solution?
Distillation
Acidified
Thermo: R=8.31J/mol/K - gas calculations: R=.0821 L atm/mol/K or 62.4L mmHg/mol/K
NO3?

5. How does benzene compare in reactivity to alkenes?
benzene is less reactive than alkenes
bases
acids
Cr2O7²?

6. What is the formula for summation?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

7. What is the general formula for an amine?
RNH2
An active metal.
|experimental - accepted|/accepted X 100
left - ppt will form

8. What is HCOOCH3?
SO4²?
?G= -ve - E°= +ve
Acids; HCOOCH3 is an ester
voltaic: - electrolytic: +

9. oxalate
Experimental mass/theoretical mass X 100
by electrolysis
C2O4²?
States related to IMF magnitude (dispersion) - iodine-silvery grey solid - chlorine-yellowish green gas - bromine-brown volatile liquid - poisonous and reactive - good oxidizing agents -

10. halides
Most are soluble except Ag - Pb
Ionic compounds
different forms of the same element
same KE - but PEice<PEwater

11. hydroxides
Insoluble (except group 1 ammonium and Ba)
benzene has a delocalized pi ring structure
The compound with the lowest Ksp value.
?H formation of an element in standard state=0

12. What part of a liquid do you look at to measure its volume?
Acid rain - dissolves marble buildings/statues and kills trees.
Read the bottom of the meniscus
Increases down group 1 decreases down group 17
acid + alcohol

13. What is the test for hydrogen?
lighted splint (positive result=pop)
No - NH3 and HCl gases are extremely soluble
|experimental - accepted|/accepted X 100
by electrolysis

14. bromothymol
Check for air bubbles in the buret and remove the buret funnel from the buret
a-IMFs - b-molecular volume
Filtration
blue (BTB)

15. Where are group I metals stored?
There's one normal boiling point (1 atm) - but many boiling points (P dependent)
C2O4²?
Group I metals (soft metals) are stored under oil
Thermo: R=8.31J/mol/K - gas calculations: R=.0821 L atm/mol/K or 62.4L mmHg/mol/K

16. Do you use J or kJ for ?H - ?S - and ?G?
zero-th: decreases - first: constant - second: increases
?H-kJ - ?S-J - ?G-kJ
0 and 14
are less dense than water

17. Flame tests for certain metal ions (simple emission spectra) gives which colors for potassium - sodium - lithium - copper - barium
Pale purple - (orange)-yellow - red - blue - green.
Tetrahedral
Decant
All except for lithium

18. How do you get the equation for a net electrolysis reaction?
Combine the equations for the half reactions in the non-spontaneous direction
Glacial acetic acid
'non-active' metals such as Cu - Ag - Au - Pt - etc.
Acidic solutions (Ex: [Fe(H2O)6]³? + H2O = Fe(H2O)5OH]²? + H3O?)

19. What are the formulas for q?
q=mc?T q=mL (or n x ?h)
Only temperature
Glowing splint (positive result=relights)
Salt + water.

20. acetates
by electrolysis
Cr2O7²?
Soluble
Glowing splint (positive result=relights)

21. If a weak acid is diluted more - what happens to its % dissociation value?
Ksp = 27s4
NO3?
?H-kJ - ?S-J - ?G-kJ
Increases.

22. mercury (I) ion
Hg2²?
ns² electrons (first in-first out)
The benzene ring (or more correctly the phenyl group - C6H5)
Insoluble except for nitrate and acetate

23. What kind of bonding structure does benzene have?
Eudiometer
r1/r2=(M2/M1)^½ - v1/v2=(T1/T2)^½ - E1/E2=T1/T2
benzene has a delocalized pi ring structure
WA/SB: pH>7 SA/WB: pH<7 SA/SB: pH=7

24. What is the general formula for an acid?
RCOOH
fruit - fish - bases
Insoluble except for nitrate and acetate
Pour liquids using a funnel or down a glass rod

25. permanganate
MnO4?
Anode - oxygen. Cathode - hydrogen
fruit - fish - bases
1) Add together a weak base with a salt of that base made with a strong acid. (or visa versa) 2) by partially neutralizing a weak base with a strong acid or weak acid with a strong base. (Ex: 0.2 mol NH3 + 0.1 mol HCl)

26. What is an Alkyl group?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

27. What is Ksp in terms of molar solubility ('s') for an electrolyte A2B3 A3B2?
by electrolysis
ROR
Ksp = 108s5
Combine the equations for the half reactions in the non-spontaneous direction

28. Name 2 ways in which you can create a buffer?
?G=negative - E° must be positive
Eudiometer
1) Add together a weak base with a salt of that base made with a strong acid. (or visa versa) 2) by partially neutralizing a weak base with a strong acid or weak acid with a strong base. (Ex: 0.2 mol NH3 + 0.1 mol HCl)
10?8

29. When gas is collected over water - we must allow for leveling the water levels and for the V.P. of water. Why?
To ensure Ptot = Plab and that Pgas = Ptot-PH2O
The benzene ring (or more correctly the phenyl group - C6H5)
bright yellow
There's one normal boiling point (1 atm) - but many boiling points (P dependent)

30. When AB(s) and AC(s) are formed by adding A? ions to a mixture of 0.10M B? & 0.10M C? ions - which will precipitate first?
C4H10
ion pairing
The compound with the lowest Ksp value.
Experimental mass/theoretical mass X 100

31. hydroxide
OH?
NO2 and SO2 are very soluble - CO2 and O2 are somewhat soluble
q=mc?T q=mL (or n x ?h)
RNH2

32. Both Acetic acid and ____________ are also functional isomers.
Nothing
methyl formate
10?8
CnH2n

33. What is H2CO3 (carbonate acid) usually written as?
look for changes in oxidation # - the one that goes up is oxidized and is the RA
H2O + CO2 (it decomposes readily)
H2PO4?
Orange

34. What do ions and electrons travel through in a voltaic/electrolytic cell?
Ions go through the salt bridge - electrons go through metal wires in the external circuit
r1/r2=(M2/M1)^½ - v1/v2=(T1/T2)^½ - E1/E2=T1/T2
Filtration
NH2?

35. A Bronsted-Lowry base is...
proton acceptor.
Mono; di; tri; tetra; penta; hexa.
No - it depends on the number of ions produced on dissolving.
Glowing splint (positive result=relights)

36. copper sulfate
0.10M HCl (more ions)
same KE - but PEice<PEwater
blue
O2 needs 4F/mol H2 needs 2F/mol

37. Which alkali metals float on water?
Two forms of the same element (same Z) with different # of neutrons and similar chemical properties
Products - reactants (except for BDE when it's reactants - products)
The compound with the lowest Ksp value.
All except for lithium

38. At what point during titration do you have the perfect buffer - and what is the pH at this point?
At half equivalence - pH=pKa
The Faraday or Faraday's constant.
Disulfur dichloride
ion pairing

39. What element is used to vulcanize rubber?
Sulfur
Selective absorption
Two forms of the same element (same Z) with different # of neutrons and similar chemical properties
Experimental mass/theoretical mass X 100

40. Nonmetals are good _____ agents. Metals are good _______ agents.
strong acids/bases are written as H+ or OH- ions
oxidizing - (F2 is the best) - reducing (ex: Li - Na).
T increases exponentially the proportion of molecules with E > Ea
A salt solution.

41. What are isomers?
Kc=Kp
?G=negative - E° must be positive
Two amino acids joined together; many amino acids joined together; lots of amino acids joined together
Molecules with the same molecular formulas - but different structural formulas

42. What do metal oxides plus acids form?
Selective absorption
Salt + water
Reduction always takes place at the cathode (RED CAT) In both types of cell!
Primary alcohols are partially oxidized to aldehydes and then totally oxidized to acids (wine to vinegar)

43. What do the 'a' and 'b' in Van Der Waal's equation allow for?
a-IMFs - b-molecular volume
CO2 and H2O
There's one normal boiling point (1 atm) - but many boiling points (P dependent)
CrO4²?

44. What is precision?
Soluble
How grouped results are
Salt - Carbon dioxide and water.(latter also known as carbonic acid H2CO3)
Ppt will NOT form (unsaturated)

45. Do anions flow to the cathode or anode?
r1/r2=(M2/M1)^½ - v1/v2=(T1/T2)^½ - E1/E2=T1/T2
Anode
To ensure Ptot = Plab and that Pgas = Ptot-PH2O
Group I metals (soft metals) are stored under oil

46. Does Kw increase or decrease with T? Why?
Increases for endo - (becomes more soluble) decreases (becomes less soluble) for exo.
Acid rain - dissolves marble buildings/statues and kills trees.
Increase - the dissociation of water is endothermic so increasing T favors forward direction - thus more ions.
Add acid to water so that the acid doesn't boil and spit

47. When a cell is 'flat' a.k.a 'reached equilibrium' - what is its ?G value?
?G=negative - E° must be positive
zero
HNO3 - (nitric) H2SO4 -(sulfuric) HCl -(hydrochloric) HBr -(hydrobromic) HI - (hydroiodic) HClO4 (perchloric)
H+

48. What are the common strong bases?
Equivalence point is the titrant volume when the moles of acid and base are stoichiometrically equal; end point is the titrant volume when the color of the indicator permanently changes. If you choose the correct indicator - they should occur at the
Ignore 'x' if its K is very small compared to [reactant] (5% rule)
Group 1 hydroxides (ex: NaOH)
0.10M HCl (more ions)

49. What is the word equation for addition polymerisation?
H3PO4
Exothermic (?H for ANY sa/sb = -57kJ/mol)
n(unsaturated monomer) = polymer (no loss in material) ex. n(C2H4) = (C2H4)n (polyethylene)
Combine the equations for the half reactions in the non-spontaneous direction

50. What is the formula for alkynes?
it's lower and occurs over less sharp a range
Evaporation
Exothermic (?H for ANY sa/sb = -57kJ/mol)
CnH2n-2