SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
AP Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
science
,
ap
,
chemistry
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the pH of 1.0M HCl? 1M NaOH?
0 and 14
Soluble
methyl formate
Decant
2. What value of R do you use for thermo calculations? gas calculations?
Thermo: R=8.31J/mol/K - gas calculations: R=.0821 L atm/mol/K or 62.4L mmHg/mol/K
Heptane
Ignore 'x' if its K is very small compared to [reactant] (5% rule)
Synthesis - separation and purification of the product and its identification.
3. What is the general formula for an aldehyde?
Reverse most negative E° and add voltages to get Ecell (or take absolute difference between Ered values)
Synthesis - separation and purification of the product and its identification.
Reduction always takes place at the cathode (RED CAT) In both types of cell!
RCHO (carbonyl at end)
4. For a weak acid solution in water - Ka = 10?6 what is Kb for its conjugate base?
10?8
Reverse most negative E° and add voltages to get Ecell (or take absolute difference between Ered values)
Acids; HCOOCH3 is an ester
CnH2n+1 often designated 'R' ex C3H7 is propyl
5. What is the name of S2Cl2? (Know how to name others like this - too)
Disulfur dichloride
H+
Unsaturated - addition (ex: decolorize bromine solution)
10?8
6. carbonate
Add acid to water so that the acid doesn't boil and spit
CO3²?
Soluble
Supercooling can occur when cooling a solvent or solution. It occurs when there's a dip and then a rise back up to the melting point on a cooling curve.
7. What are the products for these common oxidizing agents? MnO4? - CrO4²? - Cr2O7²?
zero
r1/r2=(M2/M1)^½ - v1/v2=(T1/T2)^½ - E1/E2=T1/T2
RX
Mn²? - Cr³? - Cr³
8. Name six characteristics of transition elements (or their compounds)
Good catalysts - form multiple oxidation states - often paramagnetic - good structural metals - form a host of alloys (similar sized atoms) - have similar I energies (inner filling)
same KE - but PEice<PEwater
neutralization: high K - H2O product dissociation: low K - H2O reactant
Big K=kf/kr
9. What is the formula for obtaining charge flowing in a cell?
Heat a test tube at an angle at the side of the tube (not bottom)
Iodine and CO2 (dry ice)
Oxides that react with both acids (make salts + water) AND bases (forms complex ion - ex: ZnO and Al2O3 in bases make Zn(OH)4²? and Al(OH)4? or Al(OH)6³?)
Q=It (time in seconds)
10. What is the general formula for alkyl halides?
Combine: multiply Keq - reverse: 1/Keq - Halve coefficients: Keq^(1/2)
A) any range. b) 8-10 c) 4-6
RX
Temperature increase the endothermic k more (hence increasing T moves equilibrium in the endothermic direction)
11. acetate
CH3COO?
Acid rain - dissolves marble buildings/statues and kills trees.
CnH2n
Transition element compounds (except if it has a full or empty d shell)
12. Why are i factors (Van't Hoff factors) often less than ideal?
MnO4?
voltaic: - electrolytic: +
H3PO4
ion pairing
13. A Bronsted-Lowry acid is...
OH- and NH3
A) any range. b) 8-10 c) 4-6
Making sigma bonds and holding lone pairs
proton donor base
14. What is the test for oxygen?
Combine: multiply Keq - reverse: 1/Keq - Halve coefficients: Keq^(1/2)
Products - reactants (except for BDE when it's reactants - products)
voltaic: + electrolytic: -
Glowing splint (positive result=relights)
15. A Bronsted-Lowry base is...
proton acceptor.
CnH(2n+2)
+4-covalent - +2-ionic
P2O5
16. halides
Most are soluble except Ag - Pb
Acidic is when [H?] > [OH?] - basic is when [H?] < [OH?] - acidic is when [H?] = [OH?]
Salt + water
Increases down group 1 decreases down group 17
17. For a dibasic acid (H2A) - [A²?]= ____ ?
A) any range. b) 8-10 c) 4-6
AgF-soluble in water - other silver halides insoluble in water - AgCl-soluble in excess ammonia - AgBr-somewhat soluble - AgI (yellow)-somewhat soluble in excess ammonia
K2
Orange
18. Color is due to ______ _______ of light.
Selective absorption
+4-covalent - +2-ionic
Hydrogen (active metals are metals with more negative reduction potentials in E° chart)
The one with most oxygen atoms (highest oxidation number)
19. How do you clean a buret/pipette for a titration?
?H formation of an element in standard state=0
CnH(2n+2)
Soluble
1. Rinse the buret/pipette with deionized water - 2. Rinse the buret/pipette with the solution you plan on filling the buret/pipette with.
20. What are amphoteric oxides?
Glowing splint (positive result=relights)
an oxidized and reduced substance
do not change
Oxides that react with both acids (make salts + water) AND bases (forms complex ion - ex: ZnO and Al2O3 in bases make Zn(OH)4²? and Al(OH)4? or Al(OH)6³?)
21. dichromate (soln + most solids)
Only temperature
Orange
Oxides that react with both acids (make salts + water) AND bases (forms complex ion - ex: ZnO and Al2O3 in bases make Zn(OH)4²? and Al(OH)4? or Al(OH)6³?)
water and substances with (s) less dense than
22. What are two substances that sublime at 1 atm when heated?
Acid rain - dissolves marble buildings/statues and kills trees.
Meth - eth - prop - but - pent - hex - hept - oct - non - dec
Iodine and CO2 (dry ice)
The benzene ring (or more correctly the phenyl group - C6H5)
23. potassium permanganate
ROR
S2O3²?
Purple
S crystal at 0K=0
24. copper sulfate
blue
Equivalence point is the titrant volume when the moles of acid and base are stoichiometrically equal; end point is the titrant volume when the color of the indicator permanently changes. If you choose the correct indicator - they should occur at the
Q=It (time in seconds)
Soluble
25. How are more active metals reduced?
How close results are to the accepted value
Soluble
Acid spill-NaHCO3 (baking soda) base spill-acetic acid (vinegar)
by electrolysis
26. A geometric (or cis-trans) isomer exists due to.....
Group I metals (soft metals) are stored under oil
Lack of rotation of groups around a double bond. (cis has groups on same side - trans on opposite sides)
Soluble
Hydrogen (active metals are metals with more negative reduction potentials in E° chart)
27. Metal hydrides are _____ and form _______ and _______ when added to water
Glowing splint (positive result=relights)
ionic and form hydrogen and hydroxide
Tetrahedral
Exothermic (?H for ANY sa/sb = -57kJ/mol)
28. Is a graduated cylinder or beaker more accurate?
Graduated cylinder
ion pairing
Monomer + monomer = polymer product + a simple molecule such as water or HCl
Hydrogen (active metals are metals with more negative reduction potentials in E° chart)
29. What shape is methane?
Trigonal pyramidal
Temperature increase the endothermic k more (hence increasing T moves equilibrium in the endothermic direction)
Tetrahedral
voltaic: + electrolytic: -
30. What is an Alkyl group?
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
31. An amphiprotic (amphoteric) species is...
Hg2²?
A substance that can act as an acid or a base. ex. water - HCO3? ion etc.
zero
Transition element compounds (except if it has a full or empty d shell)
32. mercury (II) ion
Time?¹ - (ex. s?¹ - hr?¹ - etc)
Hg²?
q=mc?T q=mL (or n x ?h)
'non-active' metals such as Cu - Ag - Au - Pt - etc.
33. What is the catalyst for this reaction Ester + ?
No effect on Voltage (hetero) but will increase current possible (surface area increases rate of reaction)
Acidified
catalyst=conc H2SO4
Soluble
34. What is a coordinate covalent bond?
are less dense than water
an oxidized and reduced substance
Eudiometer
Both electrons come from the same atom (just as good as a regular bond)
35. How are strong ones written?
Ppt will NOT form (unsaturated)
strong acids/bases are written as H+ or OH- ions
do not change
4 sigma bonds-109° - sp³ - one double bond-120° - sp² two double bonds-180° - sp one triple bond-180° - sp
36. What process do you use to obtain a solvent from a solution?
Distillation
Increase - the dissociation of water is endothermic so increasing T favors forward direction - thus more ions.
Cold beaker=endothermic - ?H=positive (hot beaker=exothermic - ?H=negative)
Group I metals (soft metals) are stored under oil
37. What is the third law of thermodynamics?
yellow
S crystal at 0K=0
ionic and form hydrogen and hydroxide
E=q + w (negative is by system - positive is on system)
38. What is the general formula for an amine?
Ksp = s²
RNH2
ionic and form hydrogen and hydroxide
hydroxides (ex: Ba(OH)2)
39. What is the sign of the cathode in voltaic cells? in electrolytic cells?
No - it depends on the number of ions produced on dissolving.
1. Rinse the buret/pipette with deionized water - 2. Rinse the buret/pipette with the solution you plan on filling the buret/pipette with.
voltaic: + electrolytic: -
How grouped results are
40. chromate ion (soln + most solids)
yellow
Increases.
ROR
Whether or not they can form H-bonds with water (ex: Ethyl alcohol is soluble but dimethyl ether is not)
41. What are the names and formulas of the 6 strong acids?
same KE - but PEice<PEwater
Combine: multiply Keq - reverse: 1/Keq - Halve coefficients: Keq^(1/2)
HNO3 - (nitric) H2SO4 -(sulfuric) HCl -(hydrochloric) HBr -(hydrobromic) HI - (hydroiodic) HClO4 (perchloric)
Oxides that react with both acids (make salts + water) AND bases (forms complex ion - ex: ZnO and Al2O3 in bases make Zn(OH)4²? and Al(OH)4? or Al(OH)6³?)
42. oxalate
Identity and purity (impure compounds usually have broad & low melting points)
C2O4²?
different forms of the same element
Only temperature
43. When is ?G zero?
?G is zero at equilibrium when spontaneity is the same in either direction (K=1)
Mn²? - Cr³? - Cr³
Exothermic (?H for ANY sa/sb = -57kJ/mol)
Monomer + monomer = polymer product + a simple molecule such as water or HCl
44. When a cell is 'flat' What is its voltage?
zero
To ensure Ptot = Plab and that Pgas = Ptot-PH2O
catalyst=conc H2SO4
Tetrahedral
45. What reacts with an acid to create hydrogen gas?
Ksp = 4s³
ClO4?
An active metal.
allow for the vapor pressure of water and make sure to level levels
46. sulfates
10?8
Soluble except Ag - Pb - Ca - Sr Ba)
Group I metals (soft metals) are stored under oil
CO2 and H2O
47. Which alkali metals float on water?
it's lower and occurs over less sharp a range
voltaic: + electrolytic: -
Heat to constant mass-weigh - reheat - cool - and weigh again until mass is constant
All except for lithium
48. What electrons are lost/gained first in transition element ions?
ClO4?
buret - pipette - pipette filler - Erlenmeyer flask - volumetric flask
ns² electrons (first in-first out)
it is lower and occurs over less sharp a range
49. Nonmetals are good _____ agents. Metals are good _______ agents.
ionic and form hydrogen and hydroxide
Soluble
oxidizing - (F2 is the best) - reducing (ex: Li - Na).
Group I metals (soft metals) are stored under oil
50. What is Big K in terms of kf and kr?
Suniverse increases for spontaneous processes
Acids; HCOOCH3 is an ester
acid + alcohol
Big K=kf/kr