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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Chemistry 1
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
chemistry
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.
decreases
end point
crystallizes
...
2. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.
3. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.
adiabatic process (thermodynamics)
left (Le Chatelier's principle)
electronegativity
activation energy barrier (Le Chatelier's principle)
4. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.
dynamic equilibrium
catalysts
right (Le Chatelier's principle)
specific heat
5. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.
valence
third law of thermodynamics
state functions (thermodynamics)
boiling point
6. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.
ionization energy
reversible reaction
adiabatic process (thermodynamics)
high
7. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.
ideal gas
negative
first law of thermodynamics
cathode rays
8. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g
valence
non-ideal
second law of thermodynamics
kinetic molecular theory
9. State ________ depend only on the present state of the substance and not on the path by which the present state was attained. Enthalpy - energy - Gibbs free energy - and entropy are examples.
state functions (thermodynamics)
specific heat
reversible reaction
boiling point
10. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.
zero
decreases
boiling point elevation
phase equilibrium
11. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.
12. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.
second law of thermodynamics
state (thermodynamics)
Boyles law
high
13. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.
metallic
ideal gas
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
hydrolysis
14. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.
15. Metals have electronegativities less than ____
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
crystallizes
activation energy barrier (Le Chatelier's principle)
2
16. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.
zero
melting point
anode rays
specific heat
17. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.
activation energy
decomposition
electrolytic cells
entropy
18. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.
emits (in atomic spectra)
second law of thermodynamics
Nernst equation
boiling point
19. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.
molar heat of sublimation
positive
adiabatic process (thermodynamics)
decreases
20. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.
Raoults law
kinetic molecular theory
Le Chatelier's principle
point particles
21. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.
limiting law
Le Chatelier's principle
second law of thermodynamics
system (thermodynamics)
22. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.
Van der Waals
ideal gas
kinetic molecular theory
electrolytic cells
23. In titration - this point occurs when equal numbers of equivalents of acid and base have been reacted. The solution at this point is neutral because neither of the ions of the salt in solution undergoes hydrolysis.
moles (Le Chatelier's principle)
bohr model
equivalent point
second law of thermodynamics
24. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.
positive
VSEPR
sublimation
combined gas law
25. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?
temperature
lower left corner
Boyles law
limiting law
26. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.
base - acid
specific heat
positive
reversible reaction
27. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).
Van der Waals
bohr model
boiling point elevation
double replacement/displacement
28. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.
non-ideal
equilibrium
hybridyzation
high
29. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.
left (Le Chatelier's principle)
melting point
ideal gas
ionization energy
30. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.
standard atmospheric pressure
isopiestic process (thermodynamics)
entropy
melting point
31. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.
Daltons law
temperature
hybridyzation
increasing
32. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.
33. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
heats of formation
activation energy
electrolytic cells
34. A chemical reaction where one substance is displacing another. ex: Fe + CuSo4 -> FeSo4 + Cu.
Van der Waals
entropy
single replacement/displacement
isothermal process (thermodynamics)
35. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.
first law of thermodynamics
Van der Waals
isopiestic process (thermodynamics)
Boyles law
36. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.
vapor pressure
hybridyzation
Raoult's law
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
37. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.
electrolytic cells
moles (Le Chatelier's principle)
2
positive
38. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.
39. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).
activation energy
increasing
kinetic molecular theory
positive
40. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.
negative
sublimation
electronegativity
decreases
41. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.
kinetic molecular theory
first law of thermodynamics
positive
freezing point depression
42. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.
equation of state
titration
first law of thermodynamics
left (Le Chatelier's principle)
43. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.
isothermal process (thermodynamics)
...
ionization energy
end point
44. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.
reversible reaction
upper right corner
absorbs (in atomic spectra)
system (thermodynamics)
45. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.
heat capacity
left (Le Chatelier's principle)
Charles law
heats of formation
46. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.
heat capacity
second law of thermodynamics
third law of thermodynamics
wave mechanical model
47. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.
...
Le Chatelier's principle
combined gas law
decomposition
48. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.
valence
Nernst equation
vapor pressure
saturated solution
49. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.
lower left corner
wave mechanical model
phase equilibrium
change in enthalpy
50. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.
third law of thermodynamics
isopiestic process (thermodynamics)
kinetic molecular theory
positive