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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Chemistry 1
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
chemistry
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.
cathode rays
increases
system (thermodynamics)
phase equilibrium
2. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.
increases
equivalent point
VSEPR
Le Chatelier's principle
3. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.
Le Chatelier's principle
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
first law of thermodynamics
electrolytic cells
4. When the electron moves from the ground state to an excited state - it ______ energy.
Nernst equation
anode rays
absorbs (in atomic spectra)
temperature
5. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.
Van der Waals
positive
pi bonds
right (Le Chatelier's principle)
6. In titration - this point occurs when equal numbers of equivalents of acid and base have been reacted. The solution at this point is neutral because neither of the ions of the salt in solution undergoes hydrolysis.
colligative property law
pi bonds
VSEPR
equivalent point
7. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.
saturated solution
kinetic molecular theory
first law of thermodynamics
sublimation
8. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.
hydrolysis
emits (in atomic spectra)
end point
first law of thermodynamics
9. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.
Raoults law
isopiestic process (thermodynamics)
adiabatic process (thermodynamics)
entropy
10. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.
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11. A chemical reaction formed from the breakdown of a compound into its individual elements or compounds.
absorbs (in atomic spectra)
boiling point elevation
right (Le Chatelier's principle)
decomposition
12. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.
titration
double replacement/displacement
kinetic molecular theory
vapor pressure
13. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g
valence
bohr model
isothermal process (thermodynamics)
anode rays
14. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.
Avogrados law
point particles
Daltons law
decreases
15. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.
increases
third law of thermodynamics
equivalent point
positive
16. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.
phase equilibrium
isothermal process (thermodynamics)
Avogrados law
anode rays
17. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.
third law of thermodynamics
partial
left - right (Le Chatelier's principle)
specific heat
18. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.
increases
Boyles law
first law of thermodynamics
Le Chatelier's principle
19. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.
Raoult's law
...
sublimation
Raoults law
20. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _
electronegativity
specific heat
limiting law
...
21. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.
colligative property law
limiting law
positive charge
positive
22. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.
entropy
combined gas law
Raoult's law
increases
23. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.
freezing point depression
double replacement/displacement
hydrolysis
Charles law
24. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.
positive
Charles law
...
decreases
25. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.
Van der Waals
base - acid
lower left corner
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
26. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.
moles (Le Chatelier's principle)
positive
anode rays
single replacement/displacement
27. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.
reversible reaction
freezing point depression
positive
wave mechanical model
28. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.
equation of state
Charles law
high
increases
29. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.
electrolytic reactions
equation of state
Van der Waals
crystallizes
30. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?
ideal gas
isopiestic process (thermodynamics)
Boyles law
positive
31. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.
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32. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.
combination
Boyles law
activation energy barrier (Le Chatelier's principle)
second law of thermodynamics
33. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l
limiting law
kinetic molecular theory
left (Le Chatelier's principle)
irreversible and reversible processes
34. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.
cathode rays
increases
state functions (thermodynamics)
equilibrium
35. The solubility of gases in liquid or solid solvents always increases with ________ pressure.
phase equilibrium
increasing
positive charge
third law of thermodynamics
36. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.
lower left corner
base - acid
Raoults law
partial
37. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.
standard atmospheric pressure
isopiestic process (thermodynamics)
limiting law
third law of thermodynamics
38. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.
first law of thermodynamics
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
metallic
change in enthalpy
39. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.
vapor pressure
positive
Le Chatelier's principle
decreases
40. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR)
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
anode rays
negative
41. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.
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42. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.
heats of formation
Le Chatelier's principle
entropy
left - right (Le Chatelier's principle)
43. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.
Raoults law
kinetic molecular theory
Van der Waals
VSEPR
44. The pressure of a gas is the result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.
electrolytic cells
kinetic molecular theory
...
moles (Le Chatelier's principle)
45. The vapor pressure increases with increasing _____.
freezing point depression
temperature
combination
hybridyzation
46. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).
increasing
Raoults law
end point
Van der Waals
47. The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is 760mm Hg.
standard atmospheric pressure
vapor pressure
electrolytic cells
Van der Waals
48. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?
equation of state
irreversible and reversible processes
colligative property law
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
49. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.
titration
right (Le Chatelier's principle)
single replacement/displacement
molar heat of sublimation
50. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.
entropy
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
high
moles (Le Chatelier's principle)