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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






2. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






3. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.






4. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






5. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.






6. The vapor pressure increases with increasing _____.






7. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






8. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






9. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






10. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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11. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






12. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






13. A law that states that for a given mass of gas - the volume is proportional to the pressure and absolute temperature.






14. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






15. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






16. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge






17. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






18. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






19. The pressure exerted by the gas molecules when they are in equilibrium with the liquid.






20. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






21. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






22. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






23. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






24. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






25. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






26. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






27. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.

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28. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






29. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.






30. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.

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31. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.






32. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?






33. The freezing point is always lowered by addition of solute.






34. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.






35. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






36. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






37. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






38. The average kinetic energy of all the molecules collectively is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of equal numbers of molecules of any gas is the same at the same temperature.






39. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






40. The _____ speed up the rate of a chemical reaction but do not change the equilibrium constant - it simply speeds up the rate of approach to equilibrium.






41. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.






42. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.






43. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.






44. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.






45. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






46. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






47. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.






48. The solubility of gases in liquid or solid solvents always increases with ________ pressure.






49. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






50. Metals have electronegativities less than ____