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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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2. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.






3. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






4. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






5. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






6. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






7. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






8. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.






9. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _






10. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.






11. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.






12. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






13. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






14. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






15. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






16. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance one degree celcius.






17. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






18. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).






19. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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20. A pure crystal of elemental metal consists of roughly Avogrado's number of atoms held together by ________ bonds.






21. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.






22. The most active nonmetals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






23. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






24. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






25. A chemical reaction where one substance is displacing another. ex: Fe + CuSo4 -> FeSo4 + Cu.






26. This process occurs when the system is maintained at the same temperature throughout an experiment.






27. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.






28. The vapor pressure increases with increasing _____.






29. *The temperature affects chemical reactions with an increase of ___degrees C above room temperature - causing the reaction rate to double.






30. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.

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31. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.

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32. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






33. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






34. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






35. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






36. The pressure of a gas is the result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.






37. In an endothermic process - energy is absorbed and ^E is _______.






38. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






39. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






40. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






41. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






42. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.






43. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






44. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.






45. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.






46. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.






47. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






48. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






49. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.






50. An increase in temperature causes the position of equilibrium of an exothermic reaction to be shifted to the _____ - while that of and endothermic reactions is shifted to the _______.

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