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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).






2. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






3. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).






4. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






5. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






6. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






7. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






8. The change in enthalpy of an exothermic reaction is ________.






9. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






10. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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11. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






12. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






13. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






14. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






15. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






16. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.






17. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






18. The vapor pressure increases with increasing _____.






19. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






20. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge






21. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.






22. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






23. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






24. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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25. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






26. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






27. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






28. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






29. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






30. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.

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31. A chemical reaction where there is an actual exchange of partners to form new compounds. ex: AgNO3 + NaCl -> AgCl + NaNO3.






32. A chemical reaction formed from the breakdown of a compound into its individual elements or compounds.






33. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?






34. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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35. The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is 760mm Hg.






36. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






37. The ______ of the system is some particular set of conditions of pressure - temperature - number of moles of each component - and their physical form (ex: gas - liquid - solid or crystalline form).






38. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






39. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






40. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.






41. The ________ of an element is a number that measerures the relative strength in which the atoms of the element attract valence electrons in a chemical bond - on a scale of 0-4.






42. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






43. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.






44. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






45. Metals have electronegativities less than ____






46. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.






47. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






48. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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49. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






50. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l