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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






2. This process occurs when the system is maintained at the same temperature throughout an experiment.






3. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.






4. The solubility of gases in liquid or solid solvents always increases with ________ pressure.






5. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance one degree celcius.






6. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f






7. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






8. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.






9. In an endothermic process - energy is absorbed and ^E is _______.






10. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






11. An increase in temperature causes the position of equilibrium of an exothermic reaction to be shifted to the _____ - while that of and endothermic reactions is shifted to the _______.


12. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.


13. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






14. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






15. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






16. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






17. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






18. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






19. When the electron moves from the ground state to an excited state - it ______ energy.






20. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.


21. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.






22. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






23. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






24. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






25. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






26. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






27. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






28. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






29. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






30. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






31. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






32. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.


33. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






34. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






35. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.






36. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.






37. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






38. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






39. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.






40. The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is 760mm Hg.






41. A law that states that under conditions of constant temperature and pressure - equal volumes of different gases contain equal numbers of molecules.






42. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.


43. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






44. The pressure exerted by the gas molecules when they are in equilibrium with the liquid.






45. A law that states that for a given mass of gas - the volume is proportional to the pressure and absolute temperature.






46. Metals have electronegativities less than ____






47. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






48. State ________ depend only on the present state of the substance and not on the path by which the present state was attained. Enthalpy - energy - Gibbs free energy - and entropy are examples.






49. *Molecules of ideal gases have no attraction for one another and have no intrinsic volume - they are ______ _____






50. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.