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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The freezing point is always lowered by addition of solute.






2. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






3. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






4. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






5. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f






6. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






7. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge






8. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.






9. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






10. The average kinetic energy of all the molecules collectively is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of equal numbers of molecules of any gas is the same at the same temperature.






11. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






12. In titration - this point occurs when equal numbers of equivalents of acid and base have been reacted. The solution at this point is neutral because neither of the ions of the salt in solution undergoes hydrolysis.






13. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






14. **Proceeding across a period from left to right - the ionization energy _______.






15. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






16. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






17. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






18. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.






19. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.






20. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






21. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






22. A law that states that for a given mass of gas - the volume is proportional to the pressure and absolute temperature.






23. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.


24. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.






25. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.






26. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.






27. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






28. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






29. When the electron moves from the ground state to an excited state - it ______ energy.






30. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






31. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.






32. The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is 760mm Hg.






33. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.


34. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.






35. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






36. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






37. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.






38. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






39. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






40. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






41. A chemical reaction formed from the breakdown of a compound into its individual elements or compounds.






42. A chemical reaction where one substance is displacing another. ex: Fe + CuSo4 -> FeSo4 + Cu.






43. The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.






44. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






45. The pressure of a gas is the result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.






46. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






47. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






48. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.






49. The ______ of the system is some particular set of conditions of pressure - temperature - number of moles of each component - and their physical form (ex: gas - liquid - solid or crystalline form).






50. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.