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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






2. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






3. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






4. When the electron moves from the ground state to an excited state - it ______ energy.






5. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.






6. In titration - this point occurs when equal numbers of equivalents of acid and base have been reacted. The solution at this point is neutral because neither of the ions of the salt in solution undergoes hydrolysis.






7. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






8. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.






9. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






10. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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11. A chemical reaction formed from the breakdown of a compound into its individual elements or compounds.






12. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.






13. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






14. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.






15. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.






16. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






17. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






18. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






19. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.






20. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _






21. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.






22. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.






23. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






24. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






25. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






26. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.






27. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






28. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.






29. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.






30. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






31. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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32. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






33. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






34. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






35. The solubility of gases in liquid or solid solvents always increases with ________ pressure.






36. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






37. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






38. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.






39. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






40. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.






41. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.

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42. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






43. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






44. The pressure of a gas is the result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.






45. The vapor pressure increases with increasing _____.






46. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).






47. The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is 760mm Hg.






48. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?






49. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.






50. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.