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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






2. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






3. *Molecules of ideal gases have no attraction for one another and have no intrinsic volume - they are ______ _____






4. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.






5. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






6. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.






7. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






8. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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9. This process occurs when the system is maintained at the same temperature throughout an experiment.






10. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






11. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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12. When the electron moves from the ground state to an excited state - it ______ energy.






13. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.






14. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






15. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






16. An increase in temperature causes the position of equilibrium of an exothermic reaction to be shifted to the _____ - while that of and endothermic reactions is shifted to the _______.

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17. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.






18. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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19. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge






20. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.

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21. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.






22. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






23. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






24. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.






25. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






26. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






27. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






28. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






29. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.






30. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.






31. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






32. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






33. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).






34. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _






35. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.

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36. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






37. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






38. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?






39. The average kinetic energy of all the molecules collectively is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of equal numbers of molecules of any gas is the same at the same temperature.






40. The most active nonmetals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






41. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.






42. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).






43. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






44. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






45. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






46. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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47. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






48. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






49. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






50. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.