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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






2. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.


3. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






4. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






5. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






6. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






7. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.






8. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






9. State ________ depend only on the present state of the substance and not on the path by which the present state was attained. Enthalpy - energy - Gibbs free energy - and entropy are examples.






10. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






11. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.


12. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






13. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






14. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.


15. Metals have electronegativities less than ____






16. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.






17. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






18. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






19. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.






20. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.






21. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






22. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






23. In titration - this point occurs when equal numbers of equivalents of acid and base have been reacted. The solution at this point is neutral because neither of the ions of the salt in solution undergoes hydrolysis.






24. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.






25. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






26. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






27. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).






28. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.






29. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.






30. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






31. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.






32. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.


33. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






34. A chemical reaction where one substance is displacing another. ex: Fe + CuSo4 -> FeSo4 + Cu.






35. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






36. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






37. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.






38. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.


39. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).






40. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






41. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.






42. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.






43. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






44. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






45. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






46. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.






47. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






48. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






49. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.






50. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.