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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






2. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.






3. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






4. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






5. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






6. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






7. When the electron moves from the ground state to an excited state - it ______ energy.






8. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






9. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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10. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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11. A chemical reaction where there is an actual exchange of partners to form new compounds. ex: AgNO3 + NaCl -> AgCl + NaNO3.






12. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.

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13. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






14. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.






15. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






16. Metals have electronegativities less than ____






17. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.






18. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






19. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






20. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






21. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.






22. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






23. **Proceeding across a period from left to right - the ionization energy _______.






24. A chemical reaction where one substance is displacing another. ex: Fe + CuSo4 -> FeSo4 + Cu.






25. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.






26. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.






27. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge






28. *Molecules of ideal gases have no attraction for one another and have no intrinsic volume - they are ______ _____






29. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






30. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






31. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






32. A law that states that under conditions of constant temperature and pressure - equal volumes of different gases contain equal numbers of molecules.






33. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






34. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






35. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance one degree celcius.






36. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






37. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






38. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.

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39. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






40. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?






41. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






42. The change in enthalpy of an exothermic reaction is ________.






43. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






44. A law that states that for a given mass of gas - the volume is proportional to the pressure and absolute temperature.






45. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.






46. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






47. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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48. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.






49. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.






50. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.