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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A chemical reaction where there is an actual exchange of partners to form new compounds. ex: AgNO3 + NaCl -> AgCl + NaNO3.






2. The most active nonmetals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






3. The ________ of an element is a number that measerures the relative strength in which the atoms of the element attract valence electrons in a chemical bond - on a scale of 0-4.






4. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






5. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.






6. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






7. Metals have electronegativities less than ____






8. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






9. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






10. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






11. A law that states that for a given mass of gas - the volume is proportional to the pressure and absolute temperature.






12. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.






13. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).






14. The _____ speed up the rate of a chemical reaction but do not change the equilibrium constant - it simply speeds up the rate of approach to equilibrium.






15. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.

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16. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






17. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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18. A law that states that under conditions of constant temperature and pressure - equal volumes of different gases contain equal numbers of molecules.






19. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.






20. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






21. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.






22. The solubility of gases in liquid or solid solvents always increases with ________ pressure.






23. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






24. The vapor pressure increases with increasing _____.






25. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.






26. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






27. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






28. The freezing point is always lowered by addition of solute.






29. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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30. *The temperature affects chemical reactions with an increase of ___degrees C above room temperature - causing the reaction rate to double.






31. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






32. The ______ of the system is some particular set of conditions of pressure - temperature - number of moles of each component - and their physical form (ex: gas - liquid - solid or crystalline form).






33. A pure crystal of elemental metal consists of roughly Avogrado's number of atoms held together by ________ bonds.






34. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






35. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






36. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






37. When the electron moves from the ground state to an excited state - it ______ energy.






38. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






39. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






40. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






41. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






42. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






43. The pressure exerted by the gas molecules when they are in equilibrium with the liquid.






44. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






45. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge






46. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






47. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






48. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.






49. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.






50. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.