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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






2. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






3. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance one degree celcius.






4. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






5. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.






6. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






7. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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8. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






9. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






10. *Molecules of ideal gases have no attraction for one another and have no intrinsic volume - they are ______ _____






11. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?






12. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






13. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).






14. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






15. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






16. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).






17. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






18. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.

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19. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.






20. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






21. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






22. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f






23. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.






24. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






25. The change in enthalpy of an exothermic reaction is ________.






26. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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27. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






28. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






29. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.






30. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






31. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






32. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






33. A chemical reaction where one substance is displacing another. ex: Fe + CuSo4 -> FeSo4 + Cu.






34. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.






35. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.






36. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _






37. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






38. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.






39. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






40. The ________ of an element is a number that measerures the relative strength in which the atoms of the element attract valence electrons in a chemical bond - on a scale of 0-4.






41. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






42. A law that states that for a given mass of gas - the volume is proportional to the pressure and absolute temperature.






43. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






44. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






45. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






46. The pressure exerted by the gas molecules when they are in equilibrium with the liquid.






47. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






48. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.






49. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.






50. An increase in temperature causes the position of equilibrium of an exothermic reaction to be shifted to the _____ - while that of and endothermic reactions is shifted to the _______.

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