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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Chemistry 1
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
chemistry
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.
Nernst equation
equivalent point
system (thermodynamics)
specific heat
2. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.
combined gas law
hydrolysis
cathode rays
Boyles law
3. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.
bohr model
activation energy
Raoults law
Nernst equation
4. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.
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5. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.
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6. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.
pressure
kinetic molecular theory
combination
VSEPR
7. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.
moles (Le Chatelier's principle)
increases
state functions (thermodynamics)
end point
8. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.
equation of state
decreases
reversible reaction
increases
9. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.
second law of thermodynamics
boiling point elevation
freezing point depression
entropy
10. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.
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11. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.
wave mechanical model
third law of thermodynamics
freezing point depression
metallic
12. The pressure of a gas is the result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.
kinetic molecular theory
Boyles law
titration
increasing
13. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.
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14. The ________ of an element is a number that measerures the relative strength in which the atoms of the element attract valence electrons in a chemical bond - on a scale of 0-4.
emits (in atomic spectra)
entropy
electronegativity
freezing point depression
15. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.
anode rays
boiling point elevation
kinetic molecular theory
decreases
16. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.
Raoult's law
wave mechanical model
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR)
phase equilibrium
17. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.
titration
...
Raoults law
Charles law
18. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.
colligative property law
cathode rays
10 degrees
isopiestic process (thermodynamics)
19. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.
Daltons law
Charles law
ionization energy
negative
20. In an endothermic process - energy is absorbed and ^E is _______.
positive
activation energy barrier (Le Chatelier's principle)
absorbs (in atomic spectra)
second law of thermodynamics
21. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.
sublimation
increases
Le Chatelier's principle
positive
22. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.
electrolytic reactions
hydrolysis
valence
melting point
23. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.
2
Charles law
third law of thermodynamics
Van der Waals
24. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge
Nernst equation
positive charge
ionization energy
reversible reaction
25. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.
Van der Waals
Le Chatelier's principle
electronegativity
Raoults law
26. *Molecules of ideal gases have no attraction for one another and have no intrinsic volume - they are ______ _____
increases
ionization energy
phase equilibrium
point particles
27. The freezing point is always lowered by addition of solute.
freezing point depression
valence
decomposition
adiabatic process (thermodynamics)
28. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.
Le Chatelier's principle
end point
phase equilibrium
pressure
29. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.
decreases
kinetic molecular theory
hydrolysis
positive
30. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _
cathode rays
upper right corner
2
limiting law
31. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.
entropy
...
increases
second law of thermodynamics
32. Metals have electronegativities less than ____
2
electrolytic cells
Le Chatelier's principle
saturated solution
33. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.
combined gas law
high
...
left (Le Chatelier's principle)
34. The ______ of the system is some particular set of conditions of pressure - temperature - number of moles of each component - and their physical form (ex: gas - liquid - solid or crystalline form).
electrolytic reactions
state (thermodynamics)
wave mechanical model
...
35. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.
kinetic molecular theory
increases
titration
crystallizes
36. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.
activation energy
base - acid
...
increases
37. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.
pressure
hybridyzation
Raoults law
equilibrium
38. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.
heat capacity
equation of state
negative
equivalent point
39. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f
second law of thermodynamics
electrolytic cells
dynamic equilibrium
bohr model
40. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.
Daltons law
base - acid
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
pressure
41. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance one degree celcius.
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
combined gas law
heat capacity
irreversible and reversible processes
42. The most active nonmetals are found in what corner of the periodic table?
upper right corner
pi bonds
combination
equivalent point
43. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?
molar heat of sublimation
Van der Waals
kinetic molecular theory
heats of formation
44. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.
second law of thermodynamics
emits (in atomic spectra)
Nernst equation
sublimation
45. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.
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46. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.
double replacement/displacement
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
negative
boiling point elevation
47. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.
high
Raoult's law
first law of thermodynamics
temperature
48. *The temperature affects chemical reactions with an increase of ___degrees C above room temperature - causing the reaction rate to double.
10 degrees
valence
positive
electronegativity
49. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.
cathode rays
Charles law
emits (in atomic spectra)
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
50. An increase in temperature causes the position of equilibrium of an exothermic reaction to be shifted to the _____ - while that of and endothermic reactions is shifted to the _______.
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