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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






2. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






3. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.






4. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.






5. A pure crystal of elemental metal consists of roughly Avogrado's number of atoms held together by ________ bonds.






6. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






7. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






8. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.






9. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






10. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






11. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






12. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.






13. The change in enthalpy of an exothermic reaction is ________.






14. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






15. State ________ depend only on the present state of the substance and not on the path by which the present state was attained. Enthalpy - energy - Gibbs free energy - and entropy are examples.






16. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f






17. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






18. The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.






19. *The temperature affects chemical reactions with an increase of ___degrees C above room temperature - causing the reaction rate to double.






20. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






21. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.






22. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.






23. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






24. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.

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25. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.

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26. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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27. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance one degree celcius.






28. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






29. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






30. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






31. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.






32. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






33. The average kinetic energy of all the molecules collectively is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of equal numbers of molecules of any gas is the same at the same temperature.






34. A chemical reaction where there is an actual exchange of partners to form new compounds. ex: AgNO3 + NaCl -> AgCl + NaNO3.






35. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






36. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






37. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






38. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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39. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






40. The most active nonmetals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






41. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.






42. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






43. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






44. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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45. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






46. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






47. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.

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48. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






49. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






50. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.