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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Chemistry 1
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
chemistry
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. State ________ depend only on the present state of the substance and not on the path by which the present state was attained. Enthalpy - energy - Gibbs free energy - and entropy are examples.
state functions (thermodynamics)
reversible reaction
...
activation energy barrier (Le Chatelier's principle)
2. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.
vapor pressure
...
hydrolysis
electrolytic reactions
3. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.
VSEPR
combined gas law
partial
second law of thermodynamics
4. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.
5. Metals have electronegativities less than ____
kinetic molecular theory
2
Raoults law
sublimation
6. A chemical reaction where there is an actual exchange of partners to form new compounds. ex: AgNO3 + NaCl -> AgCl + NaNO3.
double replacement/displacement
molar heat of sublimation
valence
first law of thermodynamics
7. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.
high
equilibrium
specific heat
pi bonds
8. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.
sublimation
increases
left (Le Chatelier's principle)
electrolytic reactions
9. The most active nonmetals are found in what corner of the periodic table?
hybridyzation
upper right corner
boiling point elevation
electrolytic cells
10. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.
bohr model
pressure
heat capacity
Van der Waals
11. The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.
state (thermodynamics)
kinetic molecular theory
Daltons law
melting point
12. A law that states that for a given mass of gas - the volume is proportional to the pressure and absolute temperature.
non-ideal
vapor pressure
decreases
combined gas law
13. In an endothermic process - energy is absorbed and ^E is _______.
double replacement/displacement
positive
Avogrados law
isopiestic process (thermodynamics)
14. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.
phase equilibrium
boiling point
negative
VSEPR
15. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.
Van der Waals
zero
kinetic molecular theory
specific heat
16. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.
...
non-ideal
positive
Van der Waals
17. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.
colligative property law
negative
left - right (Le Chatelier's principle)
decreases
18. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.
left (Le Chatelier's principle)
base - acid
metallic
negative
19. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.
isothermal process (thermodynamics)
decomposition
isopiestic process (thermodynamics)
reversible reaction
20. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.
reversible
Nernst equation
electrolytic reactions
Le Chatelier's principle
21. A chemical reaction formed from the breakdown of a compound into its individual elements or compounds.
boiling point
Nernst equation
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
decomposition
22. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.
...
partial
hybridyzation
Le Chatelier's principle
23. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g
valence
irreversible and reversible processes
electrolytic cells
combined gas law
24. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.
combination
Van der Waals
increases
anode rays
25. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.
zero
end point
partial
increases
26. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.
dynamic equilibrium
freezing point depression
specific heat
emits (in atomic spectra)
27. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.
specific heat
double replacement/displacement
enthalpy
electrolytic reactions
28. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.
electronegativity
...
double replacement/displacement
dynamic equilibrium
29. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.
boiling point elevation
decomposition
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR)
state (thermodynamics)
30. The pressure of a gas is the result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.
isothermal process (thermodynamics)
Raoult's law
increases
kinetic molecular theory
31. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.
pressure
Van der Waals
non-ideal
phase equilibrium
32. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.
33. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.
change in enthalpy
Nernst equation
heats of formation
pi bonds
34. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.
lower left corner
Daltons law
phase equilibrium
anode rays
35. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.
36. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.
boiling point
entropy
...
combined gas law
37. A chemical reaction where one substance is displacing another. ex: Fe + CuSo4 -> FeSo4 + Cu.
high
single replacement/displacement
Nernst equation
Raoults law
38. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.
decomposition
adiabatic process (thermodynamics)
reversible
second law of thermodynamics
39. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.
Raoults law
Nernst equation
ionization energy
electronegativity
40. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance one degree celcius.
electronegativity
heat capacity
upper right corner
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
41. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?
heats of formation
Boyles law
reversible
combination
42. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.
standard atmospheric pressure
2
end point
ionization energy
43. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.
negative
positive charge
state (thermodynamics)
...
44. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.
enthalpy
temperature
titration
specific heat
45. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.
molar heat of sublimation
VSEPR
2
anode rays
46. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.
kinetic molecular theory
decreases
VSEPR
temperature
47. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.
first law of thermodynamics
Van der Waals
VSEPR
hybridyzation
48. The solubility of gases in liquid or solid solvents always increases with ________ pressure.
increasing
molar heat of sublimation
emits (in atomic spectra)
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR)
49. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l
combination
Raoult's law
irreversible and reversible processes
Daltons law
50. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.
state (thermodynamics)
change in enthalpy
cathode rays
decreases