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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).






2. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






3. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






4. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






5. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






6. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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7. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






8. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.






9. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






10. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






11. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






12. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






13. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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14. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.






15. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.

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16. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.






17. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






18. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.






19. The ________ of an element is a number that measerures the relative strength in which the atoms of the element attract valence electrons in a chemical bond - on a scale of 0-4.






20. The pressure exerted by the gas molecules when they are in equilibrium with the liquid.






21. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.






22. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






23. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






24. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






25. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?






26. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






27. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






28. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.






29. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






30. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.






31. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






32. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






33. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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34. This process occurs when the system is maintained at the same temperature throughout an experiment.






35. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






36. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






37. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.






38. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.






39. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






40. The change in enthalpy of an exothermic reaction is ________.






41. *Molecules of ideal gases have no attraction for one another and have no intrinsic volume - they are ______ _____






42. When the electron moves from the ground state to an excited state - it ______ energy.






43. An increase in temperature causes the position of equilibrium of an exothermic reaction to be shifted to the _____ - while that of and endothermic reactions is shifted to the _______.

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44. The average kinetic energy of all the molecules collectively is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of equal numbers of molecules of any gas is the same at the same temperature.






45. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.






46. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






47. A law that states that under conditions of constant temperature and pressure - equal volumes of different gases contain equal numbers of molecules.






48. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






49. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






50. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.