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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.

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2. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.






3. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.






4. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






5. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.






6. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






7. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






8. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.






9. The ________ of an element is a number that measerures the relative strength in which the atoms of the element attract valence electrons in a chemical bond - on a scale of 0-4.






10. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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11. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).






12. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






13. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






14. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






15. A law that states that under conditions of constant temperature and pressure - equal volumes of different gases contain equal numbers of molecules.






16. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






17. State ________ depend only on the present state of the substance and not on the path by which the present state was attained. Enthalpy - energy - Gibbs free energy - and entropy are examples.






18. The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.






19. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.






20. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






21. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






22. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






23. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






24. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.






25. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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26. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






27. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






28. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






29. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






30. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






31. An increase in temperature causes the position of equilibrium of an exothermic reaction to be shifted to the _____ - while that of and endothermic reactions is shifted to the _______.

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32. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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33. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






34. The vapor pressure increases with increasing _____.






35. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.






36. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






37. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.






38. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






39. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






40. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.






41. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






42. A pure crystal of elemental metal consists of roughly Avogrado's number of atoms held together by ________ bonds.






43. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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44. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.






45. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.






46. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






47. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






48. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






49. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






50. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.