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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A law that states that for a given mass of gas - the volume is proportional to the pressure and absolute temperature.






2. The most active nonmetals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






3. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






4. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






5. The ______ of the system is some particular set of conditions of pressure - temperature - number of moles of each component - and their physical form (ex: gas - liquid - solid or crystalline form).






6. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






7. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.






8. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.






9. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.






10. The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is 760mm Hg.






11. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






12. *Molecules of ideal gases have no attraction for one another and have no intrinsic volume - they are ______ _____






13. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.






14. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.

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15. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.






16. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






17. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






18. A chemical reaction formed from the breakdown of a compound into its individual elements or compounds.






19. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






20. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






21. The average kinetic energy of all the molecules collectively is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of equal numbers of molecules of any gas is the same at the same temperature.






22. This process occurs when the system is maintained at the same temperature throughout an experiment.






23. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






24. A law that states that under conditions of constant temperature and pressure - equal volumes of different gases contain equal numbers of molecules.






25. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






26. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _






27. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.






28. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






29. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.






30. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.






31. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






32. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.






33. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.






34. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.






35. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






36. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.






37. The _____ speed up the rate of a chemical reaction but do not change the equilibrium constant - it simply speeds up the rate of approach to equilibrium.






38. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.

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39. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






40. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.






41. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






42. Metals have electronegativities less than ____






43. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.

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44. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






45. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






46. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






47. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






48. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






49. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






50. The freezing point is always lowered by addition of solute.