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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.






2. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.






3. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






4. The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.






5. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






6. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






7. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






8. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






9. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






10. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.






11. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






12. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?






13. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.






14. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.

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15. **Proceeding across a period from left to right - the ionization energy _______.






16. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






17. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






18. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






19. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






20. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.






21. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.






22. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






23. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.






24. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






25. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.






26. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.






27. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






28. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






29. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






30. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.






31. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






32. The _____ speed up the rate of a chemical reaction but do not change the equilibrium constant - it simply speeds up the rate of approach to equilibrium.






33. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _






34. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






35. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.






36. The solubility of gases in liquid or solid solvents always increases with ________ pressure.






37. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






38. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f






39. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.






40. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






41. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.






42. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






43. This process occurs when the system is maintained at the same temperature throughout an experiment.






44. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






45. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






46. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






47. A chemical reaction where there is an actual exchange of partners to form new compounds. ex: AgNO3 + NaCl -> AgCl + NaNO3.






48. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.

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49. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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50. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.