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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The freezing point is always lowered by addition of solute.






2. A law that states that under conditions of constant temperature and pressure - equal volumes of different gases contain equal numbers of molecules.






3. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.






4. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.






5. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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6. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






7. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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8. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.

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9. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.






10. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance one degree celcius.






11. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






12. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






13. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.






14. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).






15. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






16. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge






17. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






18. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






19. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






20. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






21. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.






22. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






23. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






24. The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.






25. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






26. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






27. In an endothermic process - energy is absorbed and ^E is _______.






28. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






29. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






30. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.






31. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






32. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






33. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






34. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






35. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






36. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.






37. The ______ of the system is some particular set of conditions of pressure - temperature - number of moles of each component - and their physical form (ex: gas - liquid - solid or crystalline form).






38. Reactions that do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying energy with an external current.






39. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _






40. The ________ of an element is a number that measerures the relative strength in which the atoms of the element attract valence electrons in a chemical bond - on a scale of 0-4.






41. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f






42. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.






43. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






44. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






45. The solubility of gases in liquid or solid solvents always increases with ________ pressure.






46. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






47. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






48. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






49. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






50. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.