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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).






2. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






3. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






4. Metals have electronegativities less than ____






5. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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6. The most active metals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






7. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






8. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.






9. The ______ of the system is some particular set of conditions of pressure - temperature - number of moles of each component - and their physical form (ex: gas - liquid - solid or crystalline form).






10. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






11. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.






12. The average kinetic energy of all the molecules collectively is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of equal numbers of molecules of any gas is the same at the same temperature.






13. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






14. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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15. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






16. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






17. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.






18. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.






19. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.






20. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.

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21. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.






22. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






23. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).






24. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






25. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.

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26. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






27. The freezing point is always lowered by addition of solute.






28. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.

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29. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






30. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






31. **Proceeding across a period from left to right - the ionization energy _______.






32. The change in enthalpy of an exothermic reaction is ________.






33. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.






34. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f






35. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






36. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.






37. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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38. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.

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39. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






40. The solubility of gases in liquid or solid solvents always increases with ________ pressure.






41. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






42. A pure crystal of elemental metal consists of roughly Avogrado's number of atoms held together by ________ bonds.






43. The pressure of a gas is the result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.






44. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






45. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






46. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






47. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






48. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.






49. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






50. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.