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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






2. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






3. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






4. Metals have electronegativities less than ____






5. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






6. A catalyst lowers the ______ _____ _____ that must be overcome in order for the reaction to proceed. It merely speeds the approach to equilibrium but does not change Keq at all.

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7. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.






8. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.

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9. The vapor pressure increases with increasing _____.






10. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






11. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






12. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).






13. When an electron moves from an excited state to the ground state - it _______ energy.






14. *The hypothetical ideal gas obeys exactly the mathematical statement of the ideal gas law. This statement is also called the _____ ___ ____ of an ideal gas because it relates the variables (P - V - n - T) that specify properties of the gas.






15. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.






16. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.






17. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






18. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






19. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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20. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?






21. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






22. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






23. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.






24. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






25. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge






26. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f






27. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






28. This process occurs when the system is maintained at the same temperature throughout an experiment.






29. The most active nonmetals are found in what corner of the periodic table?






30. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






31. The heat change during a process carried out at a constant pressure.






32. The freezing point is always lowered by addition of solute.






33. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






34. A pure crystal of elemental metal consists of roughly Avogrado's number of atoms held together by ________ bonds.






35. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.

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36. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






37. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






38. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






39. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






40. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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41. When the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation - the system is in __________.






42. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.






43. A chemical reaction where there is an actual exchange of partners to form new compounds. ex: AgNO3 + NaCl -> AgCl + NaNO3.






44. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






45. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.






46. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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47. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






48. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






49. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






50. **Proceeding across a period from left to right - the ionization energy _______.