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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.


2. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






3. When the electron moves from the ground state to an excited state - it ______ energy.






4. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






5. A chemical reaction where one substance is displacing another. ex: Fe + CuSo4 -> FeSo4 + Cu.






6. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.






7. The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is 760mm Hg.






8. **Proceeding across a period from left to right - the ionization energy _______.






9. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.


10. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.






11. An increase in temperature causes the position of equilibrium of an exothermic reaction to be shifted to the _____ - while that of and endothermic reactions is shifted to the _______.


12. A theory of the hydrogen atom stating that the electron can exist in only certain stable energy levels and that when the electronic state of the atom changes - it must absorb or emit exactly that amound of energy equal to the difference betweent he f






13. _____ bonds are present in molecules containing double or triple bonds.






14. Rays made up of electrons in basic electron charges.






15. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.






16. A state function in which it is the heat content of a substance.






17. The heat required to change 1mole of solid completely to vapor.






18. A valence theory that permits the geometric arrangement of atoms - or groups of atoms - about some central atom to be determined solely by considering the repulsions between the electron pairs present in the valence shell of the central atom.






19. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.






20. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






21. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






22. The vapor pressure increases with increasing _____.






23. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.






24. If this law was strictly obeyed - gases would not condense when they are cooled. This means that gases behave in an ideal fashion only at relatively high temperatures and low pressures.






25. The pressure of a gas is the result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.






26. A chemical reaction formed from the breakdown of a compound into its individual elements or compounds.






27. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






28. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.






29. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






30. *The Concentration usually _____ the chemical reaction rate with increasing concentrations of the reactants.






31. The freezing point is always lowered by addition of solute.






32. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.






33. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.


34. This process occurs when the system is thermally isolated so that no heat enters or leaves.






35. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.






36. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






37. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






38. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.






39. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






40. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.






41. Metals have electronegativities less than ____






42. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






43. Increasing the pressure on a system at equilibrium will cause a shift in the position of equilibrium in the direction of the fewest number of ______ of gaseous reactants or products.


44. *The electrons found in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons. When these electrons are lost or partially lost through sharing - the oxidation state is assigned a positive value for the element. If valence electrons are gained or partially g






45. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






46. The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.






47. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.






48. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






49. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






50. For most substances - when a hot concentrated solution is cooled - the excess solid ________. This is useful in purification of the solute.