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Test your basic knowledge |
CLEP Chemistry 1
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
clep
,
science
,
chemistry
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The ________ of an element is a number that measerures the relative strength in which the atoms of the element attract valence electrons in a chemical bond - on a scale of 0-4.
electrolytic cells
kinetic molecular theory
electronegativity
positive
2. The ______ of the system is some particular set of conditions of pressure - temperature - number of moles of each component - and their physical form (ex: gas - liquid - solid or crystalline form).
state (thermodynamics)
hydrolysis
change in enthalpy
negative
3. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.
Van der Waals
Charles law
end point
positive
4. The action of salts of weak acids or bases with water to form acidic or basic solutions.
enthalpy
heat capacity
anode rays
hydrolysis
5. A law that states that for a given mass of gas - the volume is proportional to the pressure and absolute temperature.
decreases
left - right (Le Chatelier's principle)
state (thermodynamics)
combined gas law
6. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.
limiting law
Van der Waals
high
dynamic equilibrium
7. The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is always lowered by the additon of more solute - which causes the boiling point to be raised.
enthalpy
boiling point elevation
double replacement/displacement
anode rays
8. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.
left (Le Chatelier's principle)
state functions (thermodynamics)
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
increases
9. The general shape of any molecule can be predicted from the number of bonding and non-bonding electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. nonbonded pairs of electrons (lone pairs) are more repellent than bonded pairs.
Avogrados law
VSEPR
catalysts
state functions (thermodynamics)
10. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity of a substance one degree celcius.
negative
electrolytic reactions
heat capacity
emits (in atomic spectra)
11. Deviations from Boyles law that occur with real gases represent _______ behavior.
activation energy barrier (Le Chatelier's principle)
non-ideal
crystallizes
hydrolysis
12. The average kinetic energy of all the molecules collectively is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of equal numbers of molecules of any gas is the same at the same temperature.
electrolytic reactions
kinetic molecular theory
Boyles law
upper right corner
13. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.
second law of thermodynamics
titration
decreases
increasing
14. The energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom in its ground state.
Daltons law
ionization energy
positive charge
second law of thermodynamics
15. A chemical reaction formed from the breakdown of a compound into its individual elements or compounds.
increases
limiting law
decomposition
state (thermodynamics)
16. A law stating that the vapor pressure of a solution at a particular temperature is equal to teh mole fraction of the solvent in the liquid phase multiplied by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature.
Avogrados law
Raoults law
state (thermodynamics)
equivalent point
17. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.
valence
sublimation
pressure
wave mechanical model
18. In a closed system - when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates - the system is said to be in _____ _______.
dynamic equilibrium
reversible reaction
phase equilibrium
metallic
19. When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by adding or removing one of hte substances - all the concentrations will change until a new equilibrium point is reached with the same value of Keq.
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20. When a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom - it will become partially _____-charged - and will be attracted to neighboring electron pairs. This creates a hydrogen bond. The more polar the molecule - the more effective the hydroge
positive
point particles
positive charge
sublimation
21. For a ________ reaction - the energy liberated in the exothermic reaction equals the energy absorbed in the endothermic reaction.
combined gas law
positive charge
reversible reaction
electrolytic reactions
22. *The surface area exposed affect chemical reactions because most reactions depend on the reactants coming into contact - increasing the rate of the reaction.
...
change in enthalpy
heat capacity
enthalpy
23. When solids are heated at certain perssures - some solids vaporize directly without passing through the liquid phase.
Van der Waals
reversible reaction
...
sublimation
24. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _
activation energy barrier (Le Chatelier's principle)
limiting law
end point
temperature
25. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.
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26. The molecules in a gas collide with one another - but the collisions are perfectly elastic (they result in no net loss of energy).
...
kinetic molecular theory
colligative property law
hydrolysis
27. The normal boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is 760mm Hg.
vapor pressure
standard atmospheric pressure
kinetic molecular theory
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR)
28. The process of mixing different orbitals of the same atom to form a new set of equivalent orbitals.
equivalent point
heats of formation
hybridyzation
metallic
29. **Proceeding across a period from left to right - the ionization energy _______.
increases
sublimation
non-ideal
electrolytic cells
30. In titration - this point occurs when equal numbers of equivalents of acid and base have been reacted. The solution at this point is neutral because neither of the ions of the salt in solution undergoes hydrolysis.
activation energy barrier (Le Chatelier's principle)
Charles law
melting point
equivalent point
31. The force with which the electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external wire is called?
2
electromotive force (emf)/ cell
second law of thermodynamics
positive
32. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l
irreversible and reversible processes
negative
melting point
specific heat
33. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.
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34. A law stating that at a constant temperature - the volume of a gas in inversely proportiona to the pressure.
melting point
crystallizes
Boyles law
ideal gas
35. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.
combination
Nernst equation
hybridyzation
vapor pressure
36. The pressure exerted by the gas molecules when they are in equilibrium with the liquid.
Charles law
vapor pressure
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
2
37. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.
Van der Waals
increases
colligative property law
system (thermodynamics)
38. The relatively weak attractive forces between molecules that are apparent only when the molecules approach one another closely (usually at low temperatures and high pressure).
10 degrees
activation energy
...
Van der Waals
39. The process of determining the amount of a solution of known concentration that is required to react completely with a certain amount of a sample that is being analyzed.
titration
...
activation energy barrier (Le Chatelier's principle)
increases
40. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.
system (thermodynamics)
zero
decreases
boiling point
41. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.
total pressure (Le Chatelier's principle)
Boyles law
bohr model
combination
42. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.
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43. The pressure of a gas is the result of collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of the container.
kinetic molecular theory
point particles
specific heat
electrolytic cells
44. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.
high
negative
hydrolysis
Van der Waals
45. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?
decreases
dynamic equilibrium
catalysts
ideal gas
46. The change in enthalpy of an endothermic reaction is ________.
moles (Le Chatelier's principle)
positive
Raoults law
boiling point elevation
47. Gases are composed of tiny - invisible molecules that are widely separated from one another in otherwise empty space.
vapor pressure
ionization energy
point particles
kinetic molecular theory
48. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.
Charles law
activation energy
irreversible and reversible processes
combination
49. *The nature of the reactants and products affect chemical reactions because some elements and compounds have bonds that when broken/formed - react more rapidly with each other than others.
colligative property law
left - right (Le Chatelier's principle)
point particles
...
50. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.
melting point
specific heat
end point
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR)
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