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CLEP Chemistry 1

Subjects : clep, science, chemistry
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A chemical reaction where one substance is displacing another. ex: Fe + CuSo4 -> FeSo4 + Cu.






2. Another way the second law is stated is that in any spontaneous change - the amount of free energy available ______.






3. Electronegativities ________ from left to right in a period.






4. The average kinetic energy of all the molecules collectively is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. The average kinetic energy of equal numbers of molecules of any gas is the same at the same temperature.






5. Heat added to a system and work done by a system are considered _________ quantities.






6. A principle stating that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temperature - pressure - or concentration) it reacts to minimize the stress and attain a new equilibrium position.

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7. A law stating that at constant pressure - the volume of a given quantity of a gas varies directly with the temperature.






8. The pressure exerted by the gas molecules when they are in equilibrium with the liquid.






9. The degree of randomness of a system is represented by a thermodynamic quantity called? the greater the randomness - the greater the _______.






10. The temperature at which the pressure of vapor escaping from the liquid equals atmospheric pressure.






11. In titration - this is the point at which a particular indicator changes color.






12. Electronegativities _______ as you go down a group.






13. Increase in the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus increasing the amount of products formed.

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14. Because of the low intermolecular forces - the melting points are low and evaporation takes place so easily that it may occur at room temperature.






15. In an exothermic process - energy is released and ^E of reaction is ________.






16. _______ has very little effect on the solubility of liquids or solids in liquid solvents.






17. A chemical reaction formed from the union of its elements.






18. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature 1g of a substance by 1 degree celcius.






19. If an inert gas is introduced into a reaction vessel containing other gases at equilibrium - it will cause an increase in the ______ _____ within the container - but the increase will not affect the position of equilibrium.

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20. **Five factors that affect reaction rates: 1. The nature of the reactants and products. 2. The surface area exposed. 3. The concentrations. 4. The temperature. 5. The catalyst.






21. A process that occurs whent eh system is maintained at constant pressure.






22. This law states that the entropy of any pure - perfect crystal at absolute zero is equal to zero.






23. The law stating that in any spontaneous process there is an increase in the entropy of the universe.






24. **As we proceed to the right of the table - ______-forming properties decrease and _____-forming properties increase.






25. For a cell at concentrations and conditions other than standard - a potential can be calculated using this equation.






26. A solution in which solid solute is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.






27. The ________ of an element is a number that measerures the relative strength in which the atoms of the element attract valence electrons in a chemical bond - on a scale of 0-4.






28. Real gases act in a less than ideal way - especially under conditions of increased pressure and/or decreased temperture. Real gas behavior approaches that of ideal gases as the gas pressure becomes very low. The ideal gas is thus considered a _____ _






29. Decreasing the concentrations of reactants shifts the equilibrium to the ______ - thus decreasing the concentration of products formed.

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30. In a _______ expansion of a gas - the opposing pressure is virtually equal to the pressure exerted by the gas. It is ______ because any slight increase in the external pressure will reverse the process and cause compression to occure.






31. *Each wave function corresponds to a certain electron energy and describes a region about the nucleus (orbital) where an electron having that energy may be found.






32. The maximum work derived from any change will be obtained only if the process is carried out in a reversible manner. All real - spontaneous changes are therefore not reversible - and the work that can be derived from an irreversible change is alway l






33. A catalyst affects a chemical reaction by lowering the _____ _____ for both the forward and the reverse reactions equally.






34. Cells that convert electrical energy into chemical energy.






35. The molecules in a gas are in constant - continueous - random - and straight-line motion.






36. The enthalpy changes associated with the reactions that correspond to the formation of a substance from its free elements are called?






37. Rays made up of positive electrodes in basic electron charges.






38. The law stating that change in internal energy is equal to the difference between the energy supplied toi the system as heat and the energy removed from the system as work performed on the surroundings.






39. Liquids with strong attractive forces have ______ boiling points.






40. A hypothetical gas would follow Boyles law under all conditions and is called?






41. This law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in mixture.






42. Any spontaneous change in a chemical reaction will decrease the amount of free energy toward _______ as the process proceeds towards equilibrium.






43. The change in enthalpy of an exothermic reaction is ________.






44. The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is called its _____ pressure.






45. The freezing point - boiling point - and vapor pressure of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent by amounts which are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute.






46. This is due to the way positive charges of one molecule attract the negative charges of another molecule. Compounds of the solid state that are bound mainly by this type of attractive have soft crystals - are easily deformed - and vaporize easily.






47. For a solution in which a nonvolatile solute is dissolved in a solvent - the vapor pressure is due only to the vapor of the solvent above the solution. This vapor pressure is given by _______ law.

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48. The particular portion of the universe on which we wish to focus our attention. Everything else is called the surroundings.






49. The ______ of the system is some particular set of conditions of pressure - temperature - number of moles of each component - and their physical form (ex: gas - liquid - solid or crystalline form).






50. In a closed system - when the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal - the system is in ____ ______.