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Construction Basics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Where the concrete absorbs the heat from the day and slowly releases it during the night
Weep holes
Thermal Mass
Steel embeds in wall and slab welded together with steel plates
Exterior cladding - waterproffing of the backup wall - flashing - weep holes

2. The height and depth of ending Bearing is ___ for all K-series joists
2 1/2 hours of the initial preparations of mortar
Length - L - of unit
Steel Grade
2 1/2 in

3. A bond Beam in a Masonry bearing wall building is required for structural reasons
Joists
It took the excess carbon in the moten pig iron and was converted to carbon dioxide by blowing oxygen through it
At each floor level and roof level
EAF - OHF - BOF

4. Rest on and are part of the structural frame of the building - they are used for 2nd and higher floors.
Elevated Slabs
To ensure stability against overturning by wind loads
Encase steel sections in concrete - OR use a Spray-applied fire protection and gypsum board facing
No. 3 or No. 4 bars

5. CMU is _____
Gravel
Cinder Block
Control joints - Isolation joints - Construction joints
2

6. Drainage wall must have sufficient built-in redundancy to remain infiltration free for the entire life of the building that includes.
The bolt shank and nut are marked after the joint has been snugged. Then a specific amount of rotation is induced in the nut with repect to the bolt - generally 1/3 to a full turn beyond the snug-tight condition
Exterior cladding - Air space - Flashing - Water resistant backup - and weep holes.
Angle section (L)
PB pg 703

7. the anchors used in GFRC panels are typically
7 in
Each floor level
Steel Joist Institute
One piece anchors

8. Joist spacing is generally between ___ and ___ for ceilings?
Pre-cast concrete hollow-core slabs
4 to 6 ft
7-5/8x7-5/8x15-5/8
Lighter weight

9. In high-rised residential buildings with site cast reinforced concrete bearing walls - the floors and the roofs are generally constructed of...
To ensure stability against overturning by wind loads
That it is welded
Site cast concrete slabs
Concave

10. The minimum depth of a K-series joist is ___ and the Max is __
Either tension or compression
7/8in
Reduced cracking in concret - and reduction in the dimensions of stuctural members
8 and 30 in

11. A joint screen is an
Construction Joint
Its strenth-to-weight ration is high - which reduces the weight of forms and shores.
L-shaped sheet metal or plastic element - that has a vertical leg that has openings to let the water out
Noncohesive Soils

12. A masonry unit has 20% voids is referred to as a...
Two flange plates
Two piece anchor - or which one is embedded in CMU backup and the other is embedded in the Veneers mortar joint
Solid unit
Sloped - thinner

13. What are two of the most durable flashing materials?
Reinforced concrete member
Exterior cladding - Air space - Flashing - Water resistant backup - and weep holes.
Copper and stainless steel
4000 psi

14. In a Typical sitecast reinforced Concrete structure - the cost of formwork and shores is...
Surface tension
32 in on center and not more than 18 in vertically
Basic Oxygen Furnace
Approximately equal to the combined cost of concrete and steel

15. The The Fourth Arrow is Pointing at
Joists
Gravity load from the floor or roof deck to the wall
Column Footing
Temporary structural steel bracing members can also be used to strengthen an opening - they are attached to a panel before lifting and removed after the panel's erections Pg. 620

16. In specifying the dimesnsions f a masonry unity - which dimensions is stated first?
Width - W - of Unit
Acrylic polymer-based mix
Lighter Weight - Easier Erection
Steel pipes

17. Bricks that are highly absorptive may need to be wetted before being laid in a wall
Wider space in an otherwize narrow joint
Head Joints
Vertical
True

18. Vertical Mortar joints are also called _____
4 to 6 ft
Head Joints
Lateral load support to the veneer
True

19. Welding can be done by either ____ or ___ welding
Gas or arc
25 ft in the field of the wall and 10 ft from a wall's corner.
EAF - OHF - BOF
3/8

20. The primary reason for providing core hols in bricks is to...
Compressive strength
Provide unifrom drying and firing of bricks
2 to 4 ft
Unequal distribution of air pressure on the exterior of the wall and in the airspace between the cladding an d the backup wall.

21. in a simple three-member truss consisting of two rafters and a tie - each member is in...
Either tension or compression
Out of Plane shear between the wall and the floor or roof deck
Two terminals of high-voltage electric circuit are brought close together and creating a sutained spark across the space between the terminals
3/5/8x2/1/4x7/5/8

22. A connection between a floor or roof and a wall must be adequate to sustain the 3 forces What is one of these forces?
Cohesive
E = Change in length / original length = d / L
Gravity load from the floor or roof deck to the wall
Strength of it - and weakens the strength of the wall.

23. The arrows next to the Column and the base plate are indications of what?
Average annual freezing cycle days - and average annual winter rainfall of the location
Beams
That it is welded
Exterior cladding - Air space - Flashing - Water resistant backup - and weep holes.

24. What is the Third Arrow Pointing at?
Fibrous
General contractor
0.0025
Grouted Space

25. Steel reinforcement in concrete elements that are permanently exposed to earth - such as in footing - must have a minimum concrete cover of ____
18 to 48 in
Each floor level
3in
Columns

26. A common type of Form Tie is ____
Snap Tie
Concrete hollow-core slabs - metal deck - or wood deck.
Mock-up
By functioning as a water reservior

27. Where the cutting of masontry units is discouraged - the wall dimensions are based on the masonry module. The module used in CMU walls is...
3 in
By functioning as a water reservior
8 in
T section

28. Working is the process by which____
1. Girder-primary 2. Beam-secondary 3. joist-tertiary
Getting Iron and Meling it - Then when the Ore is soft - Silica is beat out with a hammer
Much lower
Stretcher Face

29. A ____ sized gap is needed between adjacent lengths to provide for the shelf angles expansion.
Concrete masonry Units
3/8 in
annealed glass
2

30. The stress-strain diagram of ______ steel is nearly a straight line up to the yield point
stablize joists
Mild
Sloped on both sides
Live end

31. What is the First arrow point at?
Leveling Nut
PB pg 703
As a structure that is made entirely of linear elements - columns and beams.
To ensure stability against overturning by wind loads

32. Precast-concrete hollow-core slabs are most commonly used in____
Leveling Nut
Mid- to-high rise masonry bearing wall residential buildings
125psi
The bolt shank and nut are marked after the joint has been snugged. Then a specific amount of rotation is induced in the nut with repect to the bolt - generally 1/3 to a full turn beyond the snug-tight condition

33. Water resistant layer on the backup wall protects it from
True
Hot Rolling
Water that may reach the backup by traveling over metal anchors or unintentional obstructions in the air space
Sloped - thinner

34. A Soft story is a _______
Flexural and Shear.
Discontinuity of walls at foundations and requires a heavy transfer structure.
Mildly
The deflection of studs to withstand lateral loads

35. BOF full name is _______
2 in
True
Basic Oxygen Furnace
1in

36. ASTM standards require that the area between control joints in stucco applied on a stud wall assembly not exceed ______ with neither deminsion of this area exceeding ___
Brown coat
4 to 6 ft
18 to 48 in
144^2 - 18ft.

37. A two way joist floor is also called...
Barrier walls
Gauge number
A Waffle Slab
A suitable base on which the roof or floor trusses and joist can be supported ans anchored

38. Iron is _______ in character - unlike steel
Favorably
Fibrous
3in
Molded bricks

39. Water-resistant exterior walls may be divided into three types What is one of these?
A ductile material
Shelf angle anchored to the structural frame of the building
Barrier walls
Stress at the point of failure

40. The Very middle one is called _____
Shelf angles
I Section
30 ft
Metals that contain Iron

41. the coping on a masonry fence wall is generally...
A ductile material
3/8
Sloped on both sides
7-5/8x7-5/8x15-5/8

42. Ways to Protect structural steel from fire are...
30ft
Encase steel sections in concrete - OR use a Spray-applied fire protection and gypsum board facing
Masonry Bearing Wall Structure
Barrier walls

43. In relation to it's compressive strength - the tensile strength of concrete is...
All sheet-steel components are fabricated by rolling and pressing the sheets into carious cross-sectional profiles at room temperature
Water and resistant to puncture - tear - and abrasion
Much lower
2in

44. In specifying the dimensions of a masonry unit - which dimension is states last?
Much lower
G30 - G60 - G120
Pile
Length - L - of unit

45. Stirrups are used in Concrete beam ____
Better
To increase the shear strength of beam above that provided by concrete
a nonmovement joint in a large concrete slab. It is used when concrete cannot be placed in on continuous operation.
Portland cement stucco

46. In a steel fram building - the secondary framing member for a roof or floor generally consist of ____ and ____
All exterior walls resisted the lateral loads individually
W-shaped beams - Steel joints
Greater Floor to Floor height - COncentrated Loads - Complex layout floor and roof frame - and Fire protection
Reservoir

47. This CMU type resists water infiltration - one ways
Cold-formed and light structural steel members - in zinc coating
Gauge number
Strip Footing
Providing an impervious barrier to water

48. Pocket formers in a PT concrete slab-on ground are used at...
Live ends
Roof and Floor
Zinc
Connected members have been bolted together using spud wretch with the full force of a person

49. A 1 1/2 depression is commonly created in foundation to receive the first course of the veneer - What is the name of the ledge?
Footing
2
Solid unit
Brick ledge

50. The use of ONe-way decks yields the following two types of bearing wall planes name one?
Cross bearing Walls plane
Lintel angle
Square - rectangular or round
Vertical reinforcing bars

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