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Construction Basics

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. PCI recommends a minimum horizontal clearance of ___ of precast panels from the buildings structural frame
18'
Elevated Slabs
2in
2in

2. Aluminum is commonly used as form and shore material because___
Angle section (L)
Its strenth-to-weight ration is high - which reduces the weight of forms and shores.
Cranes and rails
Supported by - and anchored to - the buildings structure

3. Stripping time is ___
Lug
Increase the strength of beam in shear
The time between the end of concreting and the removal of the forms
Walls with overhangs

4. The term FLying form refers to...
A large formwork assembly for concrete walls
Immediately about a flashing
Two piece anchor - or which one is embedded in CMU backup and the other is embedded in the Veneers mortar joint
Iron ore and coke are mixed together in a Furnace

5. Basic Oxygen Furnace did what?
Steel fabricator
Basic Oxygen Furnace
It took the excess carbon in the moten pig iron and was converted to carbon dioxide by blowing oxygen through it
Steel embeds in wall and slab welded together with steel plates

6. What does TCA stand for?
Mildly
Pieces sticking out away from the columes
Tilt-up Concrete Association
4000 psi

7. High-strength bolts are made from
3/5/8x2/1/4x7/5/8
Support Pylons
Prevent the buckling of longitudinal column bars
High-treated carbon steel

8. Is that the walls that are required for load-bearing purposes may also function as shear walls in addition to enclosing and dividing spaces.
Immediately above the flashing
A sufficient number and adequate lengths of walls must be provided in both principal directions of a building
Masonry Bearing Wall Structure
Water and resistant to puncture - tear - and abrasion

9. Three differenet types of cleaning Concrete surfaces is...
Exposed aggregate finish by water washing - Abrasive blasting - acid etching
Failure stress / allowable stress
Concave
A conventional wood light frame building

10. _____ are generally kept at the construction site and become the basis for judgement of all panels produced by the precast plant
Floor decks
Mock-up
3000 psi
After World War 2

11. The two most commonly used concrete floor systems are...
Flat-plate floor - and one-way joist floor
Pile
125psi
Device that consists of a mesh made of polymeric strands witch trap the droppings and suspend them permanently above the weep hole

12. Stirrups are used in Concrete beam ____
Brown coat
stablize joists
Barrier walls
To increase the shear strength of beam above that provided by concrete

13. Generally - a Bond Beam is only _____ deep
Longitudinal bearing Wall Plan.
Fibrous
That the thickness of exterior masonry walls progressively increase toward the lower floors.
8

14. A masonry unit has 20% voids is referred to as a...
Solid unit
Greater than the cross-sectional area of the column
Bearing connection
stablize joists

15. Stripping time is ___
36 ksi
30ft
Isolation Joints
The time between the end of concreting and the removal of the forms

16. Gravity generally affects water penetration through an exposed horizontal surface of a wall and can counted by
shear force=force/area
Joists
Providing a anomalous slope in the surface.
Strands

17. A snug-Tight condition is _____
Construction Joint
Connected members have been bolted together using spud wretch with the full force of a person
Horizontal reinforcement
F = Force/Area = P (Force) /A (Area)

18. The most common used 28 day strength of concrete of PC curtian wall panels is ______
Out of Plane shear between the wall and the floor or roof deck
Concave
Control joints in concrete do what?
5000 psi

19. Bear directly on a compacted ground with the organic top soil removed.
Unequal distribution of air pressure on the exterior of the wall and in the airspace between the cladding an d the backup wall.
Tougher pg 617
A continuous concrete closure strip in the slab-on-ground.
Ground-Supported slabs area____

20. A connection between a floor or roof and a wall must be adequate to sustain the 3 forces What is one of these forces?
Psi - ksi - Pa - and GPa
The contained molds in which the concrete is cast
To ensure the absence of tensile stress in masonry - the resultant of gravity load and the wind load at any horizontal section of the wall must remain within the middle third of the section.
Out of Plane shear between the wall and the floor or roof deck

21. K-series has a depth range of?
8 in to 30 in
A continuous concrete closure strip in the slab-on-ground.
Strands
annealed glass

22. A bond beam in masonry bearing wall building must be a...
Elastic-plastic
Reinforced-concrete or reinforced masonry beam
Walls that are distributed almost uniformly in both principle and directions - walls at the uper floor that align with the walls at the lower floor - walls that are continuous up to the foundations
Cylinder measuring 6 inches in diameter x 12 in high

23. The exposed face of the brick is call _____
M -S -N -O
Reinforced concrete wall - CMU wall - wood or steel stud wall
Stretcher Face
Joists

24. During the time that the Empirical rules where in use - What is an important reason for progressively increasing wall thickness?
To ensure stability against overturning by wind loads
Vertical
The Horizontal members of this image for formwork is called ______
Noncombustible and is similar to fiberglass - manufacture of insulation.

25. Is directly underneith the concrete Slab
The cladding resists all the wind load
Single-story - rectangular (box type)
Water Proofing
Brown coat

26. Mechanical couplers are used
Lug
Where lap splicing of reinforcing bars will produce excessive congestion
Percast at the construction site
Stress / strain = E

27. What are some Disadvantages to using Steel and Joists and Joist Girders?
Cylinder measuring 6 inches in diameter x 12 in high
Lighter weight
As a structure that is made entirely of linear elements - columns and beams.
Greater Floor to Floor height - COncentrated Loads - Complex layout floor and roof frame - and Fire protection

28. What type of glass is used for places above walkways with no overhead protection

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29. A Joist has _____ than a Joist Girder
Vertical
Lighter member that spans between the girders
G30 - G60 - G120
Steel Grade

30. A shear connection between a steel beam and a steel column can be made without _________ to the column
Provide unifrom drying and firing of bricks
connection beam flanges
A992
Brown coat

31. Flashing in a drainage wall is a _____
7-5/8x7-5/8x15-5/8
Carbon steel
perpendicular
Continuious waterproof membrane which provides a continuous barrior that originates at the backup wall and penetrates through air space and cladding

32. To protect reinforcment from corrosion - a minimum amount of concrete is ____
3 in
Large - prefabricated - tunnel forms that allow walls and slabs to be cast simultaneously
The time between the end of concreting and the removal of the forms
Steel

33. The Top Left hand Corner is a ____ Beam
The Horizontal members of this image for formwork is called ______
Angle section (L)
Sloped on both sides
AISC Type III Connection

34. Modulus of elasticity refers to how _____ a material is...
The Vertical lumber on this image of formwork is called ______
Concrete masonry Units
Stiff
Electric Arc Furnace

35. A sufficient number of weep holes must be provided for the drainage of the air space - gernerally - a weep hole spacing of ____ is used with open head joints
Carbon steel
The bolt shank and nut are marked after the joint has been snugged. Then a specific amount of rotation is induced in the nut with repect to the bolt - generally 1/3 to a full turn beyond the snug-tight condition
Elastic-plastic
24in

36. According to building codes - plain concrete (concrete without steel reinforement is not permitted in new construction.
Is the Specified dimension plus one mortar joint thickness
2in
Concrete masonry Units
False

37. A snug-Tight Condiction is also called...
Bearing connection
Weak in shear
Continuous strip footings - isolated pad footings - drilled pier footings.
Ground-Supported Slabs - Elevated Slabs

38. What is the 2 arrow?
T section
Base Plate
Percast at the construction site
PB pg 703

39. StiffBacks
The Vertical lumber on this image of formwork is called ______
Compression
The deflection of studs to withstand lateral loads
Individual elements - tha do not have continuity to resist diaphragm tension - and are anchored to to masonry beams.

40. the stirrups in a reinforced concrete beam are used to...
After World War 2
Exterior cladding and a inner backup wall and a intervening air space between the cladding and the backup
Increase the strength of beam in shear
Adding water to the mortar

41. A shelf angle in a brick veneer assembly must provide
A325
control joints accomodate the shrinkage of concrete. their purpose is to provide weakness in the slab at predetermined locations to force the slab to crack there.
A single wythe of brick (usally 4in nominal thickness)
Gravity load support to the veneer

42. a 20-ft high column shortens by 0.6 in. under a load. What is the resulting strain in the column?
Interegral to the mix of the finish coat pg 702
0.0025
2 1/2 in
Drilled pier footing

43. A rigid Connection is also called...
2
Capillary break
they extend the entire thickness of the slab - they isolate the slab from the building's structural componants.
AISC Type I Connection

44. W-Shape is also called _____
Low-rise buildings generally up to 50 ft
Reduced cracking in concret - and reduction in the dimensions of stuctural members
Wide-Flange section
Failure stress / allowable stress

45. What is the formula for stress?
control joints accomodate the shrinkage of concrete. their purpose is to provide weakness in the slab at predetermined locations to force the slab to crack there.
Force / Area
stress=force/area
All the walls of the building have been erected - all the walls have been anchored to the slab-on-ground - the roof structure is complete

46. In a steel column that rests on a concrete footing - the area of the bearing plate used is generally
Greater than the cross-sectional area of the column
Barrier walls
Water that may reach the backup by traveling over metal anchors or unintentional obstructions in the air space
Grade 50 steel

47. In a multisory building - shelf angles are typically used at...
Each floor level
Sloped toward the interior roof
Perpendicular to the main axis of the building.
2

48. a larger space - nearly 1/4 or wider - immediately beyond the capillary space is called what?
S50X30
The Framework
Square - rectangular or round
Capillary break

49. a curtian wal is typically used in buildings whose structural system consists of...
Reinforced concrete or steel frame structure
4000 psi
High-treated carbon steel
Elevated Slabs and arches - its formwork for arches

50. A K-series steel joist that is 20 in deep cannot space more than ____
40 ft
Fall within the range of loads spans that are common in buildings
EAF - BOF - OHF
4000 psi