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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (male) pushes the testes outward toward the legs for a cool-down off of the body
Reasons for gestation length being affected
mare's estrous cycle
mare ovulation
cremaster muscle
2. Way to know everything is alright with the breeding male
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
sow gestation
effects of BST
3. 1. sperm is not implanted in egg until hours after breeding. 2. fetal growth has not yet finished.
Reasons for gestation length being affected
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
cowper's gland
castration
4. 283 days
effects of estrogen
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
humans: stress level vs sperm
cow gestation
5. Luteolysis happens because of the ____________ hormone
cowper's gland
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
prostaglandin
seminiferous tubules
6. 1. need to be restricted in amt of grain - 2. no more than 70% of ration can be concentrates. 3. *Acidic acid has to be produced in order for milk synthesis to occur (30% forages)
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
behavioral signs of estrus
retractor muscles
feeding a high producing dairy cow
7. Birthing process (termination of gestation)
Parturition
rectal palpation (BSE)
Holstein Cow
testis (gonads)
8. 16-20 hours
vulva
cow estrus
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
reasons for castration
9. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
mare ovulation
vulva
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
10. ~60 days before calving
Jersey Cow
normal presentation of the fetus
sertoli cells
dry-off time in dairy cattle
11. (LH) causes female's egg to break (her period)
vagina
accessory sex glands
Lutinizing Hormone in females
libido test (BSE)
12. (from Jersey Islands in Great Britain) Smallest cow - least milk - highest butterfat %
Jersey Cow
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
Hard
estrus
13. Gonadotropic (GnRH) is (FSH and LH). Follical Stimulating (FSH) and Lutinizing Hormone (LH).
feeding a high producing dairy cow
cremaster muscle
effects of BST
hormones
14. Organ of copulation - provides passageway for semen and urine - muscular organ characterized especially by its spongy - erectile tissue that fills with blood
dry-off time in dairy cattle
cremaster muscle
prostate gland
penis proper
15. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
Mares
cow estrus cycle
effects of estrogen
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
16. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
dry-off time in dairy cattle
scrotal circumference (BSE)
Follical Stimulating in males
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
17. 1-3 days
penis proper
Reasons for gestation length being affected
uterus
sow estrus
18. Scar tissue plugs up chambers of udder
mastitis
mare estrus cycle
rectal palpation (BSE)
accessory sex glands
19. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
Avg. bull specs
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
functions of progestrone
20. Check feet and legs - look for masculine traits in build such as crest and muscling
Grading choice
visual evaluation (BSE)
Avg. bull specs
stag
21. Male on one pin and female on other side
functions of progestrone
penis sizes vs delivering methods
libido test (BSE)
reasons for castration
22. Milk ~305 days - dry 60 days prior to calving
testosterone
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
van deferens
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
23. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
polyestrous
sigmoid flexure
colostrum
oviducts
24. Earlier you castrate a male - the easier it is on the animal. the longer you wait - death rates increase
age and castration
mare estrus cycle
cow estrus cycle
scrotal circumference (BSE)
25. Completes uterine growth initiated by estrogen and prepares the uterus for nourishment of developing embryo if pregnancy occurs - supports pregnancy by maintaining quiescent state of reproductive tract and suppresses mating behavior - prevents ovulat
vulva
functions of progestrone
age and castration
Holstein Cow
26. Days which have increasing daylight hours
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27. Superior genes are _______ to multiply
seasonally polyestrous
cow estrus
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
Hard
28. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
visual evaluation (BSE)
behavioral signs of estrus
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
29. Depository for semen during insemination. where urine leaves the body
vagina
ewe's estrous cycle
Holstein Cow
functions of progestrone
30. ~305 days (altough often longer due to breeding difficulties)
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
retractor muscles
cervix
libido test (BSE)
31. (from Jersey Islands in Great Britain) Smallest cow - least milk - highest butterfat %
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
reasons for castration
Jersey Cow
leydid or interstitial cells
32. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
Mares
hormones
seasonally polyestrous
organs used in spermatogenesis
33. Look for infection - split - and rupture of the penis
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
organs used in spermatogenesis
effects of estrogen
34. Earlier you castrate a male - the easier it is on the animal. the longer you wait - death rates increase
ewe estrus cycle
~1 month
retractor muscles
age and castration
35. Reproduction. more offspring leads to more feed costs - but is offset by reproduction numbers
cow gestation
Where livelihood is in agriculture
spermatogenesis
Lutinizing Hormone in males
36. Animal which has been castrated after puberty
stag
age and castration
testosterone
cremaster muscle
37. Produce testosterone. located between the seminiferous tubules
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
leydid or interstitial cells
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
scrotum
38. (male) pushes the testes upward toward the body for warmth or protection
accessory sex glands
humans: stress level vs sperm
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
dartos muscle
39. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
effects of BST
Sperm survival specs
age and castration
vulva
40. Parturition is controlled by...
sow ovulation
urethra
Holstein Cow
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
41. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.
Grading choice
6-8 weeks
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
Sperm survival specs
42. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
retractor muscles
stag
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
rectal palpation (BSE)
43. Duct through penis that carries sperm and urine
Follical Stimulating in males
effects of estrogen
mare gestation
urethra
44. 283 days
cowper's gland
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
cow gestation
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
45. 4-6 days
mastitis
mare estrus
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
ewe estrus cycle
46. Male on one pin and female on other side
Brown Swiss Cow
libido test (BSE)
estrous
semen evaluation (BSE)
47. To remove/separate testicles from animal's body before animal reaches puberty
castration
elastrator
libido test (BSE)
elastrator
48. Can survive ~7 days in cow. vast majority <48 hours
estrus
libido test (BSE)
Sperm survival specs
Follical Stimulating in males
49. Milk made by mother which includes antibodies for the calf. MUST be given to the calf within the first 24 hrs of life. also provides calf with energy stores. effectiveness lasts from 4-8 months of age.
castration
colostrum
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
functions of progestrone
50. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
functions of progestrone
Parturition
ewe estrus
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows