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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 19-23 (21) days
dartos muscle
6-8 weeks
sow estrus cycle
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
2. What about the sperm for a bull which has been castrated but still has testicles?
Hard
burdizzo
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
3. Milk made by mother which includes antibodies for the calf. MUST be given to the calf within the first 24 hrs of life. also provides calf with energy stores. effectiveness lasts from 4-8 months of age.
mare gestation
colostrum
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
4. Depository for semen during insemination. where urine leaves the body
effects of estrogen
vagina
feeding a high producing dairy cow
behavioral signs of estrus
5. ~60 days before calving
mare estrus cycle
dry-off time in dairy cattle
oviducts
hormones
6. Superior genes are _______ to multiply
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
Hard
ewe gestation
cow estrus cycle
7. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
#1 cost in production
ewe's estrous cycle
Parturition
retractor muscles
8. So when offspring are born - there is more food to be found for energy stores and fat deposits IN THE SPRING
seminiferous tubules
#1 cost in production
mare ovulation
reason for seasonal breeding periods
9. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle
mare ovulation
mare's estrous cycle
Sperm survival specs
cow estrus cycle
10. Animals which have many estrous periods during certain periods per year (ex: mare - ewe)
Follical Stimulating in males
feeding a high producing dairy cow
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
seasonally polyestrous
11. ~305 days (altough often longer due to breeding difficulties)
burdizzo
estrous
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
cow ovulation
12. (male) Primary sex organ - produces sperm (male gamete) and male sex hormones - 2 total
pelvis
cow ovulation
ewe's estrous cycle
testis (gonads)
13. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
cryptorchid
monorchid
urethra
14. Cleans and lubricates the urethra. secretion is thick - viscous - and very slippery.
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15. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?
colostrum
prostate gland
estrus
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
16. Animal which has been castrated after puberty
6-8 weeks
ewe's estrous cycle
mare ovulation
stag
17. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
ewe gestation
monestrous
~1 month
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
18. What helps regulate spermatogenesis?
testosterone
#1 cost in production
sow estrus cycle
cow ovulation
19. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
Avg. bull specs
castration
Parturition
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
20. Parturition is controlled by...
reasons for castration
femininity of a heifer
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
21. 1. sperm is not implanted in egg until hours after breeding. 2. fetal growth has not yet finished.
Reasons for gestation length being affected
reasons for castration
sigmoid flexure
prostate gland
22. Knife-loose ~1wk of growth. band-loose ~2wks of growth.
penis proper
Follical Stimulating in females
sow estrus
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
23. Castration tool which clamps down on the vans deferens. causes the sperm to not reach the penis to be ejaculated
burdizzo
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
testosterone
sow estrus cycle
24. Help to signal hormone levels which we need both in the brain right next to each other.
penis proper
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
monestrous
25. Supply nutrients for the sperm following ejaculation and deposition into the female reproductive tract
testosterone
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
eminal vesicles
cremaster muscle
26. 1. to eliminate breeding the females at an early age - 2. makes animals less lean and provides a better cut for the market
penis proper
testosterone
reasons for castration
dartos muscle
27. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
urethra
Hard
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
Mares
28. 14-19 (17) days
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
Blood
ewe estrus cycle
age and castration
29. Parturition is controlled by...
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
butterfat
prostate gland
30. BST given to dairy cattle makes the mammary gland more persistent - helps produce more milk. good as Long-term because it does not cause cow to bulk up - provides more milk/cow Which means less cows needed - less cows need to be given feed - lower co
uterus
effects of BST
~1 month
mare's estrous cycle
31. Larger the cow - more milk is produced; smaller the cow - less milk is produced
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
reasons for castration
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
32. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
polyestrous
ewe gestation
dry matter and water
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
33. (switzerland) 2nd in size and milk production - most muscle -
estrus
visual evaluation (BSE)
Brown Swiss Cow
ewe gestation
34. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
sow gestation
dairy cattle pregnancy check
semen evaluation (BSE)
Holstein Cow
35. Important 'landmark' during palpation
age and castration
cervix
rectal palpation (BSE)
functions of progestrone
36. Provide nourishment for the developing sperm
Parturition
sertoli cells
#1 cost in production
uterus
37. Milk ~305 days - dry 60 days prior to calving
reasons for castration
hormones
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
reason for seasonal breeding periods
38. Supply nutrients for the sperm following ejaculation and deposition into the female reproductive tract
eminal vesicles
castration
vagina
dry-off time in dairy cattle
39. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
dry matter and water
retractor muscles
estrous
burdizzo
40. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
scrotal circumference (BSE)
dry matter and water
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
41. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
feeding a high producing dairy cow
Mares
sow gestation
effects of estrogen
42. Check feet and legs - look for masculine traits in build such as crest and muscling
seasonally polyestrous
cow estrus
visual evaluation (BSE)
Follical Stimulating in males
43. Actual heat cycle (period)
estrus
retractor muscles
normal presentation of the fetus
sow ovulation
44. Male on one pin and female on other side
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
ewe estrus cycle
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
libido test (BSE)
45. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
hormones
Avg. bull specs
retractor muscles
organs used in spermatogenesis
46. 2 month growth cycle. stored in the epididymis of the bull
Sperm growth rate
#1 cost in production
Reasons for gestation length being affected
prostaglandin
47. 1-3 days
sow estrus
rectal palpation (BSE)
seasonally polyestrous
retractor muscles
48. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
functions of progestrone
castration
vulva
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
49. Largest dairy cow - largest udder - highly vascular - eat 40-50% dry matter (eat alot) - most total butterfat
vagina
ewe's estrous cycle
dairy cattle pregnancy check
Holstein Cow
50. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
sigmoid flexure
Grading choice
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production