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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Way to know everything is alright with the breeding male
ewe estrus
Grading choice
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
Parturition
2. Completes uterine growth initiated by estrogen and prepares the uterus for nourishment of developing embryo if pregnancy occurs - supports pregnancy by maintaining quiescent state of reproductive tract and suppresses mating behavior - prevents ovulat
functions of progestrone
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
Jersey Cow
mare gestation
3. Birthing process (termination of gestation)
cow gestation
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
Parturition
Sperm survival specs
4. Way to know everything is alright with the breeding male
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
prostate gland
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
5. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
reason for seasonal breeding periods
mare gestation
estrus
sperm cell
6. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
Follical Stimulating in males
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
mare estrus cycle
Avg. bull specs
7. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.
Lutinizing Hormone in females
sperm cell
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
mare's estrous cycle
8. Days which have increasing daylight hours
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9. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
mare ovulation
Mares
hormones
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
10. 1. sperm is not implanted in egg until hours after breeding. 2. fetal growth has not yet finished.
sow estrus cycle
Reasons for gestation length being affected
cow estrus
mastitis
11. Look for infection - split - and rupture of the penis
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
rectal palpation (BSE)
monorchid
testosterone
12. (male) pushes the testes outward toward the legs for a cool-down off of the body
Reasons for gestation length being affected
cremaster muscle
mare estrus
polyestrous
13. Organ of copulation - provides passageway for semen and urine - muscular organ characterized especially by its spongy - erectile tissue that fills with blood
penis proper
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
cowper's gland
urethra
14. What about the sperm for a bull which has been castrated but still has testicles?
testosterone
testis (gonads)
femininity of a heifer
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
15. Help to signal hormone levels which we need both in the brain right next to each other.
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
burdizzo
effects of estrogen
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
16. S-shaped inside body - relaxes to be exposed for breeding. Disadvantges: muscles weaken with age - cannot always hold it in - exposed to harsh outside conditions or stepped on.
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17. What helps regulate spermatogenesis?
dry-off time in dairy cattle
testosterone
sow ovulation
mare estrus cycle
18. Pulls sperm and egg together - gets body ready for pregnany - stimulates growth cells - develops mammary glands - starts to deposit fat.
Dairy Cattle Gestation
stag
Grading choice
effects of estrogen
19. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
cow gestation
vulva
oviducts
cowper's gland
20. Serves as a bone cradle for the reproductive system. used greatly in palpation as a 'landmark'.
Reasons for gestation length being affected
pelvis
retractor muscles
seminiferous tubules
21. 16-20 hours
cow estrus
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
dartos muscle
Lutinizing Hormone in males
22. 1-3 days
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
eminal vesicles
sow estrus
23. 336 days
vulva
Avg. bull specs
mare gestation
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
24. (from Jersey Islands in Great Britain) Smallest cow - least milk - highest butterfat %
Jersey Cow
sow estrus cycle
stag
uterus
25. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
cervix
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
26. (LH) stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone
Lutinizing Hormone in males
scrotum
Mares
sow estrus
27. Examine accessory glands - also to know how big the pelvic opening is->heritable->relates to how much dystocia that bull's daughter has
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
prostate gland
Lutinizing Hormone in females
rectal palpation (BSE)
28. 1. to eliminate breeding the females at an early age - 2. makes animals less lean and provides a better cut for the market
ewe's estrous cycle
testis (gonads)
effects of BST
reasons for castration
29. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?
Avg. bull specs
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
cow gestation
#1 cost in production
30. Sperm is produced here
Lutinizing Hormone in males
urethra
seminiferous tubules
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
31. Milk ~305 days - dry 60 days prior to calving
testosterone
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
vulva
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
32. Actual heat cycle (period)
estrus
hormones
Follical Stimulating in males
mare estrus
33. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
estrous
visual evaluation (BSE)
polyestrous
34. Milk is 15% ________ and 85% __________.
dry matter and water
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
elastrator
estrus
35. Standing to be mounted (last one able to notice); mounting other animals; social behavior-restless - gregarious - activity - vocalizing; frequent urination; mucous discharge
testosterone
behavioral signs of estrus
testis (gonads)
burdizzo
36. Knife-loose ~1wk of growth. band-loose ~2wks of growth.
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
Mares
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
Brown Swiss Cow
37. Important 'landmark' during palpation
cow estrus
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
cervix
Follical Stimulating in females
38. (LH) causes female's egg to break (her period)
monorchid
polyestrous
Lutinizing Hormone in males
Lutinizing Hormone in females
39. Failure to have both testis (gonads) descend
cryptorchid
cow estrus cycle
cow ovulation
Grading choice
40. 14-19 (17) days
polyestrous
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
scrotal circumference (BSE)
ewe estrus cycle
41. (male) Primary sex organ - produces sperm (male gamete) and male sex hormones - 2 total
Grading choice
femininity of a heifer
colostrum
testis (gonads)
42. Milk is 15% ________ and 85% __________.
effects of BST
sperm cell
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
dry matter and water
43. 147 days
functions of progestrone
Lutinizing Hormone in females
ewe gestation
cowper's gland
44. 114 days
mare ovulation
sow gestation
monorchid
cryptorchid
45. ~60 days before calving
pelvis
dry-off time in dairy cattle
seminiferous tubules
ewe estrus cycle
46. 283 days
dartos muscle
libido test (BSE)
polyestrous
cow gestation
47. 19-23 (21) days
Follical Stimulating in females
uterus
cow estrus cycle
Sperm survival specs
48. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
Follical Stimulating in males
leydid or interstitial cells
mastitis
monorchid
49. When are steers and heifers weaned from bottle feeding?
6-8 weeks
testosterone
Parturition
sow estrus cycle
50. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
vulva
retractor muscles
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.