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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Largest dairy cow - largest udder - highly vascular - eat 40-50% dry matter (eat alot) - most total butterfat
ewe estrus
Holstein Cow
cervix
#1 cost in production
2. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
cow gestation
Hard
eminal vesicles
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
3. Check feet and legs - look for masculine traits in build such as crest and muscling
Avg. bull specs
stag
visual evaluation (BSE)
Dairy Cattle Gestation
4. (LH) stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone
Lutinizing Hormone in males
Parturition
monorchid
eminal vesicles
5. Gonadotropic (GnRH) is (FSH and LH). Follical Stimulating (FSH) and Lutinizing Hormone (LH).
estrus
hormones
castration
Reasons for gestation length being affected
6. Supply nutrients for the sperm following ejaculation and deposition into the female reproductive tract
eminal vesicles
mare ovulation
ewe ovulation
van deferens
7. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
colostrum
semen evaluation (BSE)
spermatogenesis
van deferens
8. Actual heat cycle (period)
mare's estrous cycle
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
estrus
ewe's estrous cycle
9. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
Dairy Cattle Gestation
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
castration
10. Castration tool which clamps down on the vans deferens. causes the sperm to not reach the penis to be ejaculated
rectal palpation (BSE)
reasons for castration
burdizzo
Sperm survival specs
11. Way to know everything is alright with the breeding male
humans: stress level vs sperm
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
prostaglandin
12. Check feet and legs - look for masculine traits in build such as crest and muscling
Blood
visual evaluation (BSE)
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
behavioral signs of estrus
13. (switzerland) 2nd in size and milk production - most muscle -
prostate gland
Brown Swiss Cow
visual evaluation (BSE)
sertoli cells
14. Small tubes located at the upper ends of the uterine horns. connects uterine horn to infundibulum. passageway of the egg.
cowper's gland
oviducts
estrus
sertoli cells
15. Can survive ~7 days in cow. vast majority <48 hours
prostate gland
Sperm survival specs
cervix
humans: stress level vs sperm
16. 1-2 days
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
scrotal circumference (BSE)
Mares
ewe estrus
17. (male) Primary sex organ - produces sperm (male gamete) and male sex hormones - 2 total
prostaglandin
~1 month
van deferens
testis (gonads)
18. 114 days
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
sow ovulation
sow gestation
vulva
19. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
Lutinizing Hormone in males
libido test (BSE)
20. Gonadotropic (GnRH) is (FSH and LH). Follical Stimulating (FSH) and Lutinizing Hormone (LH).
hormones
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
prostaglandin
van deferens
21. Earlier you castrate a male - the easier it is on the animal. the longer you wait - death rates increase
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
6-8 weeks
age and castration
#1 cost in production
22. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
penis sizes vs delivering methods
dry matter and water
leydid or interstitial cells
23. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)
prostate gland
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
Brown Swiss Cow
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
24. BST given to dairy cattle makes the mammary gland more persistent - helps produce more milk. good as Long-term because it does not cause cow to bulk up - provides more milk/cow Which means less cows needed - less cows need to be given feed - lower co
effects of BST
monestrous
cowper's gland
pelvis
25. 16-20 hours
cow estrus
Lutinizing Hormone in males
accessory sex glands
Lutinizing Hormone in females
26. What helps regulate spermatogenesis?
testosterone
behavioral signs of estrus
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
feeding a high producing dairy cow
27. 4-6 days
uterus
effects of BST
mare estrus
cremaster muscle
28. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
Blood
estrous
organs used in spermatogenesis
scrotal circumference (BSE)
29. S-shaped inside body - relaxes to be exposed for breeding. Disadvantges: muscles weaken with age - cannot always hold it in - exposed to harsh outside conditions or stepped on.
30. (FSH) causes egg to mature in females
femininity of a heifer
sow estrus cycle
mare's estrous cycle
Follical Stimulating in females
31. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
feeding a high producing dairy cow
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
Mares
Parturition
32. Reproduction. more offspring leads to more feed costs - but is offset by reproduction numbers
retractor muscles
Lutinizing Hormone in females
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
Where livelihood is in agriculture
33. 283 days
femininity of a heifer
semen evaluation (BSE)
cow gestation
ewe estrus
34. Completes uterine growth initiated by estrogen and prepares the uterus for nourishment of developing embryo if pregnancy occurs - supports pregnancy by maintaining quiescent state of reproductive tract and suppresses mating behavior - prevents ovulat
functions of progestrone
reason for seasonal breeding periods
seasonally polyestrous
Blood
35. Luteolysis happens because of the ____________ hormone
butterfat
cow ovulation
prostaglandin
colostrum
36. 16-20 hours
age and castration
leydid or interstitial cells
cow estrus
Hard
37. When are dairy cattle dehorned?
~1 month
Blood
cow ovulation
retractor muscles
38. Cleans and lubricates the urethra. secretion is thick - viscous - and very slippery.
39. Urinary calculi.
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
semen evaluation (BSE)
hormones
colostrum
40. So when offspring are born - there is more food to be found for energy stores and fat deposits IN THE SPRING
rectal palpation (BSE)
reason for seasonal breeding periods
butterfat
cowper's gland
41. Birthing process (termination of gestation)
hormones
sow estrus
Lutinizing Hormone in females
Parturition
42. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
estrous
sow estrus cycle
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
Mares
43. Implies the amount of estrogen production
sertoli cells
femininity of a heifer
oviducts
prostate gland
44. To remove/separate testicles from animal's body before animal reaches puberty
castration
mare's estrous cycle
normal presentation of the fetus
Mares
45. 19-23 (21) days
estrus
Brown Swiss Cow
urethra
sow estrus cycle
46. 2 month growth cycle. stored in the epididymis of the bull
cervix
mare estrus cycle
Sperm growth rate
ewe ovulation
47. 30 hours after estrus begins
cow ovulation
penis proper
sow gestation
Blood
48. 1. sperm is not implanted in egg until hours after breeding. 2. fetal growth has not yet finished.
Reasons for gestation length being affected
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
dry-off time in dairy cattle
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
49. Standing to be mounted (last one able to notice); mounting other animals; social behavior-restless - gregarious - activity - vocalizing; frequent urination; mucous discharge
seminiferous tubules
functions of progestrone
behavioral signs of estrus
sow estrus cycle
50. BST given to dairy cattle makes the mammary gland more persistent - helps produce more milk. good as Long-term because it does not cause cow to bulk up - provides more milk/cow Which means less cows needed - less cows need to be given feed - lower co
Jersey Cow
leydid or interstitial cells
effects of BST
dry matter and water