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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off
elastrator
Blood
mare ovulation
mare gestation
2. Luteolysis happens because of the ____________ hormone
rectal palpation (BSE)
prostaglandin
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
castration
3. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
sperm cell
rectal palpation (BSE)
mare estrus cycle
mare gestation
4. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
pelvis
prostate gland
mare gestation
5. Knife-loose ~1wk of growth. band-loose ~2wks of growth.
cow gestation
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
6. Milk is 15% ________ and 85% __________.
Reasons for gestation length being affected
dry matter and water
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
visual evaluation (BSE)
7. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)
organs used in spermatogenesis
prostate gland
reason for seasonal breeding periods
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
8. 26 hours after estrus begins
organs used in spermatogenesis
Hard
ewe ovulation
butterfat
9. Failure to have both testis (gonads) descend
libido test (BSE)
cryptorchid
effects of BST
Blood
10. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
Blood
butterfat
monorchid
mare gestation
11. Provide nourishment for the developing sperm
sertoli cells
Where livelihood is in agriculture
penis proper
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
12. 30-38 hours after estrus cycle begins
sow ovulation
mastitis
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
13. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
burdizzo
feeding a high producing dairy cow
age and castration
Mares
14. ~60 days before calving
dry-off time in dairy cattle
Where livelihood is in agriculture
behavioral signs of estrus
prostate gland
15. 30-38 hours after estrus cycle begins
ewe's estrous cycle
sow ovulation
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
urethra
16. Animal which has been castrated after puberty
stag
Reasons for gestation length being affected
age and castration
hormones
17. (male) Primary sex organ - produces sperm (male gamete) and male sex hormones - 2 total
vagina
testis (gonads)
penis sizes vs delivering methods
Lutinizing Hormone in males
18. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
testis (gonads)
mare ovulation
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
19. 336 days
mare estrus cycle
dry matter and water
mare gestation
mastitis
20. Implies the amount of estrogen production
femininity of a heifer
prostaglandin
feeding a high producing dairy cow
vagina
21. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.
Follical Stimulating in males
monorchid
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
mare ovulation
22. 26 hours after estrus begins
cow ovulation
libido test (BSE)
dartos muscle
ewe ovulation
23. Superior genes are _______ to multiply
#1 cost in production
Hard
Holstein Cow
sow estrus
24. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
Jersey Cow
testosterone
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
semen evaluation (BSE)
25. Supply nutrients for the sperm following ejaculation and deposition into the female reproductive tract
dartos muscle
eminal vesicles
uterus
6-8 weeks
26. 2 month growth cycle. stored in the epididymis of the bull
hormones
Sperm growth rate
Lutinizing Hormone in females
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
27. 114 days
sow gestation
organs used in spermatogenesis
femininity of a heifer
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
28. (LH) causes female's egg to break (her period)
Lutinizing Hormone in females
monestrous
ewe ovulation
Follical Stimulating in males
29. Scar tissue plugs up chambers of udder
mare estrus cycle
uterus
dry-off time in dairy cattle
mastitis
30. Can survive ~7 days in cow. vast majority <48 hours
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
cowper's gland
Sperm survival specs
Sperm growth rate
31. Larger the cow - more milk is produced; smaller the cow - less milk is produced
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
visual evaluation (BSE)
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
32. FEED
semen evaluation (BSE)
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
#1 cost in production
testis (gonads)
33. Animals which have many estrous periods during certain periods per year (ex: mare - ewe)
seasonally polyestrous
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
6-8 weeks
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
34. Contains and regulates the temp of the testes for sperm production
mare estrus cycle
pelvis
scrotum
Lutinizing Hormone in females
35. Animals which have many estrous periods per year (ex: cow - sow)
polyestrous
testosterone
feeding a high producing dairy cow
leydid or interstitial cells
36. BST given to dairy cattle makes the mammary gland more persistent - helps produce more milk. good as Long-term because it does not cause cow to bulk up - provides more milk/cow Which means less cows needed - less cows need to be given feed - lower co
cow gestation
dry-off time in dairy cattle
Brown Swiss Cow
effects of BST
37. 14-19 (17) days
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
ewe estrus cycle
ewe gestation
Sperm growth rate
38. The more stressed out the male is - the less sperm he is going to produce
mastitis
accessory sex glands
cremaster muscle
humans: stress level vs sperm
39. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
normal presentation of the fetus
ewe gestation
prostate gland
40. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
prostate gland
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
uterus
reason for seasonal breeding periods
41. S-shaped inside body - relaxes to be exposed for breeding. Disadvantges: muscles weaken with age - cannot always hold it in - exposed to harsh outside conditions or stepped on.
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42. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
Lutinizing Hormone in males
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
Avg. bull specs
Grading choice
43. When are steers and heifers weaned from bottle feeding?
6-8 weeks
visual evaluation (BSE)
sow estrus
hormones
44. Organ of copulation - provides passageway for semen and urine - muscular organ characterized especially by its spongy - erectile tissue that fills with blood
eminal vesicles
mastitis
6-8 weeks
penis proper
45. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?
penis proper
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
cryptorchid
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
46. (FSH) helps to regulate puberty - needed every day - stimulates the sertoli cells to produce nutrients for the sperm
Follical Stimulating in males
sow estrus cycle
Holstein Cow
Parturition
47. 1. visual evaluation - 2. scrotal circumference - 3. penis and prepuce observation - 4. rectal palpation - 5. libido test - 6. semen evaluation
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
Brown Swiss Cow
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
polyestrous
48. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
urethra
monestrous
organs used in spermatogenesis
cryptorchid
49. 10-37 (21) days
effects of BST
reason for seasonal breeding periods
monestrous
mare estrus cycle
50. 336 days
Hard
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
mare gestation
butterfat