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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
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Subjects
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industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Milk ~305 days - dry 60 days prior to calving
Holstein Cow
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
Parturition
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
2. Constitute 50-90% of the volume of the ejaculate. (3 glands total: seminal vesicles - prostate gland - cowper's gland)
functions of progestrone
Follical Stimulating in males
~1 month
accessory sex glands
3. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off
cow estrus
elastrator
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
cryptorchid
4. Actual heat cycle (period)
estrus
penis sizes vs delivering methods
mare gestation
pelvis
5. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
stag
mare gestation
Follical Stimulating in males
retractor muscles
6. 1. sperm is not implanted in egg until hours after breeding. 2. fetal growth has not yet finished.
mare estrus
Reasons for gestation length being affected
seasonally polyestrous
monorchid
7. 19-23 (21) days
sow estrus cycle
mare gestation
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
dry-off time in dairy cattle
8. Serves as a bone cradle for the reproductive system. used greatly in palpation as a 'landmark'.
pelvis
castration
monorchid
sperm cell
9. Contains and regulates the temp of the testes for sperm production
scrotum
sigmoid flexure
hormones
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
10. 10-37 (21) days
mare estrus cycle
sperm cell
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
Where livelihood is in agriculture
11. Sperm is produced here
seminiferous tubules
mare ovulation
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
van deferens
12. Failure to have both testis (gonads) descend
cryptorchid
elastrator
sow ovulation
reason for seasonal breeding periods
13. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
semen evaluation (BSE)
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
14. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
seminiferous tubules
monestrous
stag
humans: stress level vs sperm
15. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
sow estrus cycle
cowper's gland
ewe estrus
estrous
16. (LH) causes female's egg to break (her period)
ewe estrus cycle
dry matter and water
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
Lutinizing Hormone in females
17. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
reason for seasonal breeding periods
scrotal circumference (BSE)
Where livelihood is in agriculture
ewe estrus
18. 336 days
vagina
mare gestation
burdizzo
reasons for castration
19. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
van deferens
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
sigmoid flexure
Follical Stimulating in males
20. Why does estrus happen before ovulation?
sow gestation
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
21. Knife-loose ~1wk of growth. band-loose ~2wks of growth.
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
vagina
seminiferous tubules
sow ovulation
22. Important 'landmark' during palpation
eminal vesicles
retractor muscles
cervix
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
23. 16-20 hours
dry matter and water
Reasons for gestation length being affected
cow estrus
reasons for castration
24. Boars and stallions-> deliver semen directly into the cervix. bulls and rams-> deliver semen into the vagina.
sperm cell
Avg. bull specs
semen evaluation (BSE)
penis sizes vs delivering methods
25. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
ewe gestation
semen evaluation (BSE)
ewe ovulation
Avg. bull specs
26. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
dartos muscle
Follical Stimulating in males
reason for seasonal breeding periods
estrous
27. Animals which have many estrous periods during certain periods per year (ex: mare - ewe)
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
hormones
mare's estrous cycle
seasonally polyestrous
28. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
Mares
Holstein Cow
normal presentation of the fetus
~1 month
29. S-shaped inside body - relaxes to be exposed for breeding. Disadvantges: muscles weaken with age - cannot always hold it in - exposed to harsh outside conditions or stepped on.
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30. 14-19 (17) days
burdizzo
visual evaluation (BSE)
Brown Swiss Cow
ewe estrus cycle
31. Not under a timeline - cow can not be sold as steak
Grading choice
prostaglandin
sow estrus
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
32. 1-2 days
ewe estrus
normal presentation of the fetus
libido test (BSE)
sperm cell
33. Look for infection - split - and rupture of the penis
dry-off time in dairy cattle
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
testosterone
cow ovulation
34. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
Avg. bull specs
castration
femininity of a heifer
35. Duct which connects epididymis to urethra of the penis. transports sperm at ejaculation. cut to sterilize male.
Jersey Cow
vagina
van deferens
ewe's estrous cycle
36. Milk made by mother which includes antibodies for the calf. MUST be given to the calf within the first 24 hrs of life. also provides calf with energy stores. effectiveness lasts from 4-8 months of age.
colostrum
seasonally polyestrous
oviducts
Holstein Cow
37. (male) pushes the testes upward toward the body for warmth or protection
dartos muscle
urethra
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
urethra
38. Small tubes located at the upper ends of the uterine horns. connects uterine horn to infundibulum. passageway of the egg.
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
oviducts
stag
mare ovulation
39. Look for infection - split - and rupture of the penis
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
burdizzo
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
uterus
40. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
monorchid
testis (gonads)
Jersey Cow
ewe estrus cycle
41. Knife-loose ~1wk of growth. band-loose ~2wks of growth.
libido test (BSE)
Brown Swiss Cow
prostate gland
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
42. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
retractor muscles
stag
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
43. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
Parturition
Follical Stimulating in males
dairy cattle pregnancy check
44. The more stressed out the male is - the less sperm he is going to produce
humans: stress level vs sperm
reasons for castration
eminal vesicles
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
45. Sperm production
spermatogenesis
dartos muscle
castration
#1 cost in production
46. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.
testis (gonads)
Reasons for gestation length being affected
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
47. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
sperm cell
sow estrus
oviducts
mastitis
48. Urinary calculi.
mare gestation
prostaglandin
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
49. Standing to be mounted (last one able to notice); mounting other animals; social behavior-restless - gregarious - activity - vocalizing; frequent urination; mucous discharge
accessory sex glands
cryptorchid
dry matter and water
behavioral signs of estrus
50. 4-6 days
mare estrus
Follical Stimulating in females
penis sizes vs delivering methods
Mares
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