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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
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Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Front feet and head first. (except for hogs and dogs)
scrotal circumference (BSE)
normal presentation of the fetus
Reasons for gestation length being affected
cremaster muscle
2. Implies the amount of estrogen production
femininity of a heifer
scrotal circumference (BSE)
burdizzo
Brown Swiss Cow
3. So when offspring are born - there is more food to be found for energy stores and fat deposits IN THE SPRING
ewe ovulation
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
reason for seasonal breeding periods
testosterone
4. Indicator of sperm production. the bigger the scrotal circumference the bigger volume of sperm because more seminal vesicles available to produce the sperm
Grading choice
scrotal circumference (BSE)
cryptorchid
vagina
5. Knife-loose ~1wk of growth. band-loose ~2wks of growth.
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
vulva
cryptorchid
Follical Stimulating in females
6. Pulls sperm and egg together - gets body ready for pregnany - stimulates growth cells - develops mammary glands - starts to deposit fat.
eminal vesicles
penis proper
cremaster muscle
effects of estrogen
7. 19-23 (21) days
functions of progestrone
cryptorchid
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
sow estrus cycle
8. Failure to have both testis (gonads) descend
age and castration
cow ovulation
ewe's estrous cycle
cryptorchid
9. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
urethra
ewe gestation
Avg. bull specs
age and castration
10. Sperm production
rectal palpation (BSE)
spermatogenesis
Brown Swiss Cow
monestrous
11. S-shaped inside body - relaxes to be exposed for breeding. Disadvantges: muscles weaken with age - cannot always hold it in - exposed to harsh outside conditions or stepped on.
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12. (male) Primary sex organ - produces sperm (male gamete) and male sex hormones - 2 total
cremaster muscle
6-8 weeks
testis (gonads)
cow estrus cycle
13. Urinary calculi.
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
hormones
14. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
Mares
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
Follical Stimulating in males
sertoli cells
15. 1. seminiferous tubules - 2. sertoli cells - 3. leydid or interstitial cells
behavioral signs of estrus
ewe's estrous cycle
Lutinizing Hormone in males
organs used in spermatogenesis
16. Way to know everything is alright with the breeding male
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
pelvis
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
sow estrus cycle
17. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
hormones
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
prostaglandin
Jersey Cow
18. Sperm is produced here
seminiferous tubules
visual evaluation (BSE)
mare's estrous cycle
cryptorchid
19. 1-2 days
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
ewe estrus
Avg. bull specs
colostrum
20. Male on one pin and female on other side
libido test (BSE)
seasonally polyestrous
dry matter and water
mastitis
21. (FSH) helps to regulate puberty - needed every day - stimulates the sertoli cells to produce nutrients for the sperm
cremaster muscle
monorchid
dry-off time in dairy cattle
Follical Stimulating in males
22. Constitute 50-90% of the volume of the ejaculate. (3 glands total: seminal vesicles - prostate gland - cowper's gland)
Brown Swiss Cow
accessory sex glands
cryptorchid
Lutinizing Hormone in males
23. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
Parturition
seminiferous tubules
24. Days which have decreasing daylight hours
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25. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
sow estrus
Sperm growth rate
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
stag
26. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off
leydid or interstitial cells
Hard
elastrator
Dairy Cattle Lactation (standard)
27. Days which have decreasing daylight hours
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28. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)
cow estrus cycle
monestrous
prostate gland
scrotal circumference (BSE)
29. 4-6 days
functions of progestrone
seasonally polyestrous
mare estrus
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
30. Birthing process (termination of gestation)
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
polyestrous
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
Parturition
31. Luteolysis happens because of the ____________ hormone
prostaglandin
semen evaluation (BSE)
dairy cattle pregnancy check
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
32. 19-23 (21) days
semen evaluation (BSE)
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
sow estrus cycle
33. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required
ewe gestation
Holstein Cow
dairy cattle pregnancy check
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
34. Completes uterine growth initiated by estrogen and prepares the uterus for nourishment of developing embryo if pregnancy occurs - supports pregnancy by maintaining quiescent state of reproductive tract and suppresses mating behavior - prevents ovulat
functions of progestrone
estrous
mare gestation
dairy cattle pregnancy check
35. 19-23 (21) days
cow estrus cycle
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
accessory sex glands
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
36. Contains and regulates the temp of the testes for sperm production
scrotum
accessory sex glands
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
mastitis
37. Head - neck - mid-piece - tail. genetic material - has an enzyme covering that allows it to penetrate the egg
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
sperm cell
effects of estrogen
38. 147 days
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
spermatogenesis
ewe gestation
retractor muscles
39. 1. sperm is not implanted in egg until hours after breeding. 2. fetal growth has not yet finished.
monorchid
Reasons for gestation length being affected
Lutinizing Hormone in males
reason for seasonal breeding periods
40. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
dry matter and water
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
mare gestation
41. (male) pushes the testes outward toward the legs for a cool-down off of the body
sow estrus cycle
testosterone
Lutinizing Hormone in females
cremaster muscle
42. Sperm is produced here
rectal palpation (BSE)
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
seminiferous tubules
Follical Stimulating in males
43. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
mare ovulation
Holstein Cow
Mares
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
44. What helps regulate spermatogenesis?
testosterone
6-8 weeks
ewe ovulation
Lutinizing Hormone in males
45. 1. visual evaluation - 2. scrotal circumference - 3. penis and prepuce observation - 4. rectal palpation - 5. libido test - 6. semen evaluation
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
behavioral signs of estrus
46. 30 hours after estrus begins
cow ovulation
retractor muscles
ewe estrus cycle
sow estrus cycle
47. When are dairy cattle dehorned?
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
age and castration
behavioral signs of estrus
~1 month
48. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle
mare ovulation
ewe's estrous cycle
Grading choice
cow estrus
49. FEED
Dairy Cattle Gestation
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
Reasons for gestation length being affected
#1 cost in production
50. The more stressed out the male is - the less sperm he is going to produce
Jersey Cow
estrus
humans: stress level vs sperm
spermatogenesis
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