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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
testis (gonads)
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
sow estrus cycle
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
2. Completes uterine growth initiated by estrogen and prepares the uterus for nourishment of developing embryo if pregnancy occurs - supports pregnancy by maintaining quiescent state of reproductive tract and suppresses mating behavior - prevents ovulat
functions of progestrone
estrous
castration
spermatogenesis
3. 1. visual evaluation - 2. scrotal circumference - 3. penis and prepuce observation - 4. rectal palpation - 5. libido test - 6. semen evaluation
mare's estrous cycle
prostate gland
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
uterus
4. BST given to dairy cattle makes the mammary gland more persistent - helps produce more milk. good as Long-term because it does not cause cow to bulk up - provides more milk/cow Which means less cows needed - less cows need to be given feed - lower co
Size of cow in relation to the amount of milk produced
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
effects of BST
~1 month
5. (LH) stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone
Lutinizing Hormone in males
6-8 weeks
scrotum
cow estrus cycle
6. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
prostaglandin
ewe estrus
humans: stress level vs sperm
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
7. Urinary calculi.
cow estrus
kidney stones also called ________ ___________ can develop in the sigmoid flexure
reasons for castration
reason for seasonal breeding periods
8. 147 days
butterfat
seminiferous tubules
ewe gestation
mare's estrous cycle
9. Castration tool which clamps down on the vans deferens. causes the sperm to not reach the penis to be ejaculated
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
burdizzo
estrus
spermatogenesis
10. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
cow ovulation
feeding a high producing dairy cow
Brown Swiss Cow
11. Duct which connects epididymis to urethra of the penis. transports sperm at ejaculation. cut to sterilize male.
humans: stress level vs sperm
van deferens
dartos muscle
Sperm growth rate
12. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required
monestrous
penis proper
testosterone
dairy cattle pregnancy check
13. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle
age and castration
vagina
mare ovulation
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
14. Way to know everything is alright with the breeding male
sow estrus
purpose of Breeding Soundness Exam (BSE) for males
hormones
dry matter and water
15. 1. need to be restricted in amt of grain - 2. no more than 70% of ration can be concentrates. 3. *Acidic acid has to be produced in order for milk synthesis to occur (30% forages)
cow estrus
ewe estrus cycle
Parturition
feeding a high producing dairy cow
16. Sperm is produced here
castration
seminiferous tubules
sow estrus cycle
reason for seasonal breeding periods
17. 1. visual evaluation - 2. scrotal circumference - 3. penis and prepuce observation - 4. rectal palpation - 5. libido test - 6. semen evaluation
Lutinizing Hormone in females
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
dartos muscle
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
18. Implies the amount of estrogen production
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
van deferens
femininity of a heifer
sow ovulation
19. Duct through penis that carries sperm and urine
cryptorchid
urethra
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
~1 month
20. 10-37 (21) days
scrotum
semen evaluation (BSE)
mare estrus cycle
~1 month
21. Serves as a bone cradle for the reproductive system. used greatly in palpation as a 'landmark'.
Parturition
pelvis
reasons for castration
Reasons for gestation length being affected
22. Pulls sperm and egg together - gets body ready for pregnany - stimulates growth cells - develops mammary glands - starts to deposit fat.
Lutinizing Hormone in females
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
humans: stress level vs sperm
effects of estrogen
23. Castration tool which clamps down on the vans deferens. causes the sperm to not reach the penis to be ejaculated
burdizzo
sow estrus
functions of progestrone
stag
24. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
humans: stress level vs sperm
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
Avg. bull specs
functions of progestrone
25. (male) Primary sex organ - produces sperm (male gamete) and male sex hormones - 2 total
testis (gonads)
Hard
Sperm growth rate
Mares
26. (switzerland) 2nd in size and milk production - most muscle -
functions of progestrone
Lutinizing Hormone in males
Brown Swiss Cow
butterfat
27. Cleans and lubricates the urethra ahead of the sperm. (if not - the urine in the urethra has a high salt content and would cause sperm to rupture and die)
prostaglandin
prostate gland
visual evaluation (BSE)
cow gestation
28. (from Jersey Islands in Great Britain) Smallest cow - least milk - highest butterfat %
Blood
Jersey Cow
Parturition
estrus
29. 19-23 (21) days
seminiferous tubules
sow estrus cycle
Mares
dry matter and water
30. Help to signal hormone levels which we need both in the brain right next to each other.
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
scrotum
humans: stress level vs sperm
dairy cattle pregnancy check
31. So when offspring are born - there is more food to be found for energy stores and fat deposits IN THE SPRING
monestrous
mare ovulation
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
reason for seasonal breeding periods
32. Parturition is controlled by...
cow estrus
polyestrous
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
leydid or interstitial cells
33. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
reason for seasonal breeding periods
accessory sex glands
uterus
vulva
34. Important 'landmark' during palpation
estrous
sow gestation
cervix
urethra
35. Days which have decreasing daylight hours
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36. Prevent the cow from getting an infection from the calve
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
Lutinizing Hormone in males
cow estrus cycle
37. % of fat in milk. makes cheeses and ice cream. regulates cost of milk
urethra
butterfat
mare's estrous cycle
seminiferous tubules
38. Check feet and legs - look for masculine traits in build such as crest and muscling
Sperm survival specs
visual evaluation (BSE)
dry-off time in dairy cattle
elastrator
39. Important 'landmark' during palpation
cryptorchid
Holstein Cow
cervix
uterus
40. (male) definition: duct located outside of the testes. 3 parts: head - body - tail. 4 Functions:concentrate sperm - store sperm - transport sperm - site of sperm maturation. entire process takes ~40-60 days
Brown Swiss Cow
mare ovulation
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
rectal palpation (BSE)
41. Superior genes are _______ to multiply
sow estrus
Jersey Cow
Hard
scrotal circumference (BSE)
42. When she is pregnant in her last trimester because she needs the energy to carry around and deliver the calf. and when the calf is born because the cow needs the fat to be deposit it into her milk for the calf's energy stores.
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
monorchid
prostate gland
sow estrus
43. What makes the milk flow through the mammary glands?
Blood
Where livelihood is in agriculture
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
scrotal circumference (BSE)
44. 24 hours before end of estrus cycle
Brown Swiss Cow
mare ovulation
mare's estrous cycle
cowper's gland
45. Knife-loose ~1wk of growth. band-loose ~2wks of growth.
prostaglandin
uterus
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
dry matter and water
46. Failure to have one testis (gonad) to descend
accessory sex glands
Dairy Cattle Gestation
monorchid
ewe ovulation
47. Standing to be mounted (last one able to notice); mounting other animals; social behavior-restless - gregarious - activity - vocalizing; frequent urination; mucous discharge
~1 month
behavioral signs of estrus
monorchid
hormones
48. Hold the penis in the bulls body when not in use. releases penis before ejaculation or urination.
retractor muscles
sow ovulation
estrus
spermatogenesis
49. 1. to eliminate breeding the females at an early age - 2. makes animals less lean and provides a better cut for the market
reasons for castration
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
rectal palpation (BSE)
penis sizes vs delivering methods
50. To remove/separate testicles from animal's body before animal reaches puberty
castration
normal presentation of the fetus
functions of progestrone
leydid or interstitial cells