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Test your basic knowledge |
Dairy Cattle And Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
industries
,
dairy
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sperm is produced here
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
seasonally polyestrous
seminiferous tubules
Testicles will produce testosterone but not sperm. Bull will attempt to mate - but will be sterile
2. Cycle that lasts weeks (ovulation->hormone cycles->ovulation)
Mares
estrous
ewe estrus cycle
normal presentation of the fetus
3. Allows extension of penis without fibro-elastic penis
epididymis: definition - 3 parts - 4 functions
sigmoid flexure
ewe's estrous cycle
ewe's estrous cycle
4. 1. sperm is not implanted in egg until hours after breeding. 2. fetal growth has not yet finished.
monestrous
dairy cattle pregnancy check
testis (gonads)
Reasons for gestation length being affected
5. Earlier you castrate a male - the easier it is on the animal. the longer you wait - death rates increase
ewe's estrous cycle
age and castration
sperm cell
visual evaluation (BSE)
6. So when offspring are born - there is more food to be found for energy stores and fat deposits IN THE SPRING
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
cryptorchid
reason for seasonal breeding periods
cow estrus cycle
7. % of fat in milk. makes cheeses and ice cream. regulates cost of milk
6-8 weeks
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
Grading choice
butterfat
8. (FSH) helps to regulate puberty - needed every day - stimulates the sertoli cells to produce nutrients for the sperm
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
Follical Stimulating in males
ewe ovulation
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
9. Can produce 200 calves naturally (~100 bulls) - top 1-2% will grade like him. everything left to chance if no AI performed
Avg. bull specs
cow estrus cycle
leydid or interstitial cells
reasons for castration
10. The more stressed out the male is - the less sperm he is going to produce
behavioral signs of estrus
humans: stress level vs sperm
penis sizes vs delivering methods
accessory sex glands
11. Start of the reproductive tract for the female. located outside of the body
sow estrus cycle
cow gestation
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
vulva
12. Microscopic - make sure not sterile - very few bulls are actually tested
stag
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
semen evaluation (BSE)
13. Parturition is controlled by...
things to check for in a breeding soundness exam (BSE)
cremaster muscle
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
castration
14. 1-2 days
dry matter and water
Dairy calves are removed from cow at birth to...
sow ovulation
ewe estrus
15. Scar tissue plugs up chambers of udder
visual evaluation (BSE)
reason for seasonal breeding periods
reasons for castration
mastitis
16. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
Brown Swiss Cow
testis (gonads)
17. Duct through penis that carries sperm and urine
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
urethra
colostrum
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
18. Animals which have many estrous periods during certain periods per year (ex: mare - ewe)
polyestrous
oviducts
seasonally polyestrous
ewe estrus
19. Failure to have both testis (gonads) descend
cryptorchid
effects of estrogen
organs used in spermatogenesis
penis sizes vs delivering methods
20. Depository for semen during insemination. where urine leaves the body
vagina
Bull's fibro-elastic penis
colostrum
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
21. 147 days
urethra
seminiferous tubules
ewe gestation
oviducts
22. Boars and stallions-> deliver semen directly into the cervix. bulls and rams-> deliver semen into the vagina.
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
penis and prepuce observation (BSE)
penis sizes vs delivering methods
Sperm growth rate
23. 1. reproduction - 2. mastitis/udder problems - 3. low milk production - 4. soundness/poor feet and legs (living on concrete)
spermatogenesis
leydid or interstitial cells
humans: stress level vs sperm
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
24. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
Where livelihood is in agriculture
monestrous
scrotum
seasonally polyestrous
25. Serves as a bone cradle for the reproductive system. used greatly in palpation as a 'landmark'.
prostate gland
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
#1 cost in production
pelvis
26. Boars and stallions-> deliver semen directly into the cervix. bulls and rams-> deliver semen into the vagina.
Sperm growth rate
ewe's estrous cycle
cow ovulation
penis sizes vs delivering methods
27. FEED
Lutinizing Hormone in females
#1 cost in production
what has to happen for males for copulation to occur
sperm cell
28. Not being bred back into herd. horses are seasonal breeders vs. cows as anytime breeders
organs used in spermatogenesis
feeding a high producing dairy cow
Mares
visual evaluation (BSE)
29. Animals which have only one estrous cycle (ex: dog - fox)
ewe estrus
accessory sex glands
Grading choice
monestrous
30. Check feet and legs - look for masculine traits in build such as crest and muscling
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
butterfat
visual evaluation (BSE)
mare's estrous cycle
31. Days which have increasing daylight hours
32. Supply nutrients for the sperm following ejaculation and deposition into the female reproductive tract
Follical Stimulating in females
eminal vesicles
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
Parturition
33. 1. to eliminate breeding the females at an early age - 2. makes animals less lean and provides a better cut for the market
vagina
Lutinizing Hormone in males
reasons for castration
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
34. The more stressed out the male is - the less sperm he is going to produce
~1 month
humans: stress level vs sperm
reasons for castration
Lutinizing Hormone in females
35. 2 month growth cycle. stored in the epididymis of the bull
Dairy Cattle milking schedule
Sperm growth rate
sertoli cells
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
36. 1. bring in new genes - 2. replace males with leg problems (difficulty breeding) Note: culling has a much greater emphasis in the dairy industry vs the beef industry.
Holstein Cow
Culls bulls earlier (2 reasons)
Follical Stimulating in females
effects of estrogen
37. Castration tool which clamps down on the vans deferens. causes the sperm to not reach the penis to be ejaculated
mare ovulation
elastrator
~1 month
burdizzo
38. Castration tool that uses a band around the testicles which cuts off circulation and eventually the testicles fall off
elastrator
Hormones from both the fetus and the mom.
sow estrus
you want as much sperm as possible to come in contact with the egg before ovulation. the main idea is to have the sperm already in the oviduct when the egg passes through
39. Not under a timeline - cow can not be sold as steak
Grading choice
Dairy Cattle Gestation
why does the cow need fat deposits during pregnancy?
effects of estrogen
40. Cleans and lubricates the urethra. secretion is thick - viscous - and very slippery.
41. 1. need to be restricted in amt of grain - 2. no more than 70% of ration can be concentrates. 3. *Acidic acid has to be produced in order for milk synthesis to occur (30% forages)
seminiferous tubules
femininity of a heifer
feeding a high producing dairy cow
Holstein Cow
42. 1-3 days
Grading choice
sow estrus
Sperm growth rate
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
43. Knife-loose ~1wk of growth. band-loose ~2wks of growth.
estrus
pelvis
monorchid
growth lost from castration methods (knife & band)
44. Why Dairy calves are fed powdered milk.
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
vulva
1. more cost effective - 2. powdered milk is in excess production
prostaglandin
45. 45-60 days after breeding; re-breed as required
cremaster muscle
vagina
dairy cattle pregnancy check
cryptorchid
46. When are steers and heifers weaned from bottle feeding?
6-8 weeks
ewe ovulation
functions of progestrone
ewe estrus
47. Duct through penis that carries sperm and urine
urethra
Sperm survival specs
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
van deferens
48. Important 'landmark' during palpation
age and castration
dry-off time in dairy cattle
cervix
monestrous
49. FEED
4 major reasons for culling dairy cows
#1 cost in production
sertoli cells
leydid or interstitial cells
50. Provide nourishment for the developing sperm
cremaster muscle
~1 month
sertoli cells
Avg. bull specs